3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
24 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
25 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
26 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
28 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
29 Perl stores its global variables.
41 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
42 #define S_autolen (sizeof("AUTOLOAD")-1)
45 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
52 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
53 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
57 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
59 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
60 * this is a dirhandle.
62 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
63 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
64 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
67 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
69 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
70 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
73 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
74 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
75 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
76 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
77 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
78 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
94 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
96 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
97 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
101 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv), GvAVn(gv), PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
156 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
157 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
158 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVCV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
162 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
175 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
176 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
177 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
180 /* PL_curcop may be null here. E.g.,
181 INIT { bless {} and exit }
182 frees INIT before looking up DESTROY (and creating *DESTROY)
185 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
187 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
188 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
192 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
194 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
195 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
206 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
207 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
213 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
214 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
217 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
219 GV * const oldgv = CvNAMED(cv) ? NULL : SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv;
221 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
228 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
232 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
235 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) {
241 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
242 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
247 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
248 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
251 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
255 /* Convert CvSTASH + CvNAME_HEK into a GV. Conceptually, all subs have a
256 GV, but for efficiency that GV may not in fact exist. This function,
257 called by CvGV, reifies it. */
260 Perl_cvgv_from_hek(pTHX_ CV *cv)
264 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_FROM_HEK;
265 assert(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV);
266 if (!CvSTASH(cv)) return NULL;
267 ASSUME(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
268 svp = hv_fetchhek(CvSTASH(cv), CvNAME_HEK(cv), 0);
269 gv = MUTABLE_GV(svp && *svp ? *svp : newSV(0));
271 gv_init_pvn(gv, CvSTASH(cv), HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
272 HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
273 SVf_UTF8 * !!HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
274 if (!CvNAMED(cv)) { /* gv_init took care of it */
275 assert (SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv == gv);
278 unshare_hek(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
280 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
281 if (svp && *svp) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
286 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
289 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
291 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
296 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
297 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
299 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
303 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
305 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
306 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
307 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
308 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
309 for perl's internal use.
311 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
313 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
315 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
316 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
317 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
318 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
319 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
321 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
322 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
323 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
324 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
328 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
329 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
330 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
332 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
334 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
335 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
337 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
339 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
340 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
346 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
350 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
351 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
354 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
358 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
360 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
361 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
365 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
367 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
368 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
369 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
370 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
372 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
373 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
374 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
375 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
378 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
381 /* The constant has to be a scalar, array or subroutine. */
382 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
387 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
396 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
397 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
399 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
407 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
412 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
415 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
416 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
417 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
418 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
419 if (has_constant && SvTYPE(has_constant) == SVt_PVCV) {
420 /* Not actually a constant. Just a regular sub. */
421 CV * const cv = (CV *)has_constant;
423 if (CvSTASH(cv) == stash && (
424 CvNAME_HEK(cv) == GvNAME_HEK(gv)
425 || ( HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_LEN(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
426 && HEK_FLAGS(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) != HEK_FLAGS(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
427 && HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_UTF8(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
428 && memEQ(HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv))
436 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
437 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
438 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
440 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
441 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
442 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
443 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
444 from a reference to CV. */
445 if (exported_constant)
446 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
447 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
452 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
453 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
454 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
460 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
462 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
474 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
482 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
483 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
490 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
493 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
494 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
496 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
497 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
498 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
500 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
501 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
502 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
503 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
508 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
509 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
510 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
511 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
512 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
513 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp:
514 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
515 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
516 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
517 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
518 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
519 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
520 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
521 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
522 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
523 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
524 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
525 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
526 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
527 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
528 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
529 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
532 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
533 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
539 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
542 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
549 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
554 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
555 oldparser = PL_parser;
556 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
557 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
558 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
560 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
564 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
566 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
570 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
573 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
575 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
576 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
577 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
578 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
579 it this order as we need an op number before calling
581 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
583 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
589 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
590 compiling after a syntax error */
591 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_x(
592 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
597 : newSVpvn(name,len),
602 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
603 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
604 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
605 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
608 PL_parser = oldparser;
609 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
610 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
613 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
615 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
617 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
624 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
626 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
628 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
630 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
631 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
637 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
641 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
642 if (LIKELY(SvPOK_nog(namesv))) /* common case */
643 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, namesv, NULL, 0, level, flags);
644 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
645 if (SvUTF8(namesv)) flags |= SVf_UTF8;
646 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
650 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
652 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
653 instead of a string/length pair.
659 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
661 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
662 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, NULL, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
666 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
668 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
669 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
670 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
672 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
673 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
674 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
675 up caching info for this glob.
677 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
679 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
683 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
684 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
685 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
686 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
691 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
693 PERL_STATIC_INLINE GV*
694 S_gv_fetchmeth_internal(pTHX_ HV* stash, SV* meth, const char* name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
701 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
702 GV* candidate = NULL;
706 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? HV_FETCH_LVALUE : 0;
709 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
711 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
713 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
714 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
720 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
722 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
725 assert(name || meth);
727 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
728 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",
729 name ? name : SvPV_nolen(meth), hvname) );
731 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
733 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
734 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
735 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
736 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
738 else cachestash = stash;
740 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
742 cachestash, meth, name, len, (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, create, NULL, 0
744 if (he) gvp = (GV**)&HeVAL(he);
751 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
754 name = SvPV_nomg(meth, len);
755 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
757 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
758 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
759 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
763 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
764 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
765 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
770 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
771 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
774 else if (stash == cachestash
775 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
776 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
777 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
781 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
782 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
783 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
785 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
787 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
790 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
791 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
793 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
799 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
801 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
802 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
803 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
805 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
811 else candidate = *gvp;
814 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
815 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
816 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
818 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
819 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
820 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
822 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
823 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
824 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
825 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
826 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
827 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
833 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
834 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
835 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_internal(NULL, meth, name, len, 1,
838 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
839 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
840 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
841 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
842 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
843 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
844 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
850 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
851 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
852 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
859 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
861 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
862 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, NULL, name, len, level, flags);
866 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
868 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
871 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
873 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
874 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
880 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
884 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
885 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
888 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
892 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
894 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
895 instead of a string/length pair.
901 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
903 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
904 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
908 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
910 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
911 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
913 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
914 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
915 of the result may be zero.
917 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
923 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
925 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
927 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
934 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
935 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
937 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
940 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
942 /* Have an autoload */
943 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
944 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
945 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
946 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
955 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
957 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
958 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
959 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
962 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
963 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
964 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
965 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
966 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
968 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token
969 as a prefix of the method name. Note
970 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
971 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
972 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
973 created as a side effect to do this.
975 These functions have the same side-effects as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
976 C<level==0>. The warning against passing the GV returned by
977 C<gv_fetchmeth> to C<call_sv> applies equally to these functions.
983 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
985 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
987 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
991 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
995 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
996 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
999 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1003 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
1005 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
1006 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
1009 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
1012 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1015 const char *nsplit = NULL;
1018 const char * const origname = name;
1019 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
1020 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
1021 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
1022 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1024 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
1026 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
1029 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
1030 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
1031 the error reporting code. */
1034 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
1035 if (*nend == '\'') {
1039 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
1045 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
1046 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
1047 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1049 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1050 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
1052 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1053 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
1054 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
1055 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
1056 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
1059 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1060 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1065 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1067 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1068 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1070 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1071 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1073 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1074 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1077 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1078 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1079 * require it first instead of croaking */
1080 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1081 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1082 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1083 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1084 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1086 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1087 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1092 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1093 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1094 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1095 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1101 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1102 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1104 packnamesv = error_report;
1108 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1109 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1110 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1111 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1112 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1116 else if (autoload) {
1117 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1118 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1122 if (CvANON(cv) || CvLEXICAL(cv))
1126 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1129 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1130 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1131 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1132 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1142 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1146 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1147 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1150 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1154 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1156 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1157 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1161 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1168 SV *packname = NULL;
1169 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1171 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1173 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1176 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1177 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1178 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1179 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1180 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1184 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1185 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1187 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE,
1188 is_utf8 | (flags & GV_SUPER))))
1192 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1196 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1199 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1200 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1202 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1203 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1204 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1206 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1209 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1210 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1211 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1213 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1214 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1215 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1216 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1217 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1220 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1221 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1222 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1223 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1224 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1225 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1226 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1228 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1229 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1231 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1232 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1233 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1235 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1238 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1239 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1240 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1242 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1244 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1245 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1247 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1248 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1252 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1256 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1262 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1263 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1264 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1265 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1267 varstash = CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1268 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1272 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1273 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1274 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1278 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1279 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1280 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1281 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1282 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1283 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1284 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1287 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1295 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1296 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1298 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1299 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1300 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1301 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1302 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1303 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1304 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1305 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1308 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1310 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1312 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1314 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1315 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1316 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1317 so save it. For the moment it's always
1319 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1327 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1328 assert(sp == PL_stack_sp);
1329 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1331 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1332 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1333 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1334 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1335 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1338 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1343 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1345 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1346 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1352 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1354 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1355 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1359 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1361 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1362 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1363 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1364 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1365 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1368 Flags may be one of:
1377 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1379 Note, use of C<gv_stashsv> instead of C<gv_stashpvn> where possible is strongly
1380 recommended for performance reasons.
1386 gv_stashpvn_internal
1388 Perform the internal bits of gv_stashsvpvn_cached. You could think of this
1389 as being one half of the logic. Not to be called except from gv_stashsvpvn_cached().
1393 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1394 S_gv_stashpvn_internal(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1400 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1402 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN_INTERNAL;
1404 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1407 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1408 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1409 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1410 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1411 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1412 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1416 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1417 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1419 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1420 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1422 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1423 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1424 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1425 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1426 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1432 gv_stashsvpvn_cached
1434 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly
1435 cached. Implements both C<gv_stashpvn> and C<gc_stashsv>.
1437 Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
1439 See C<gv_stashpvn> for details on "flags".
1441 Note the sv interface is strongly preferred for performance reasons.
1445 #define PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED \
1446 assert(namesv || name)
1448 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1449 S_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv, const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1454 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED;
1456 he = (HE *)hv_common(
1457 PL_stashcache, namesv, name, namelen,
1458 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
1461 if (he) return INT2PTR(HV*,SvIVX(HeVAL(he)));
1462 else if (flags & GV_CACHE_ONLY) return NULL;
1465 if (SvOK(namesv)) { /* prevent double uninit warning */
1467 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
1469 flags |= SvUTF8(namesv);
1471 name = ""; namelen = 0;
1474 stash = gv_stashpvn_internal(name, namelen, flags);
1476 if (stash && namelen) {
1477 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
1478 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, name,
1479 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)namelen : (I32)namelen, ref, 0);
1486 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1488 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1489 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(NULL, name, namelen, flags);
1493 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1495 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1497 Note this interface is strongly preferred over C<gv_stashpvn> for performance reasons.
1503 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1505 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1506 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(sv, NULL, 0, flags);
1511 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1512 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1513 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1517 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1519 const char * const nambeg =
1520 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1521 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1522 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1525 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1526 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1530 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1534 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1538 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1539 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1541 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1542 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1544 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1545 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1546 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1547 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1549 const char *name_cursor;
1550 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1551 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1553 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1555 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1556 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1560 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1561 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1562 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1563 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1566 *stash = PL_defstash;
1567 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1570 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1571 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1574 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1580 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1581 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1582 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1583 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1586 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -((I32)*len) : (I32)*len, add);
1587 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1588 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1589 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1590 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1596 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1599 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1600 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1601 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1602 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1603 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1604 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1607 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1609 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1610 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1611 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1612 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1615 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1616 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1619 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1621 *name = name_cursor+1;
1622 if (*name == name_end) {
1624 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1629 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1633 /* Checks if an unqualified name is in the main stash */
1634 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1635 S_gv_is_in_main(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, const U32 is_utf8)
1637 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IS_IN_MAIN;
1639 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1640 if ( len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) ) {
1641 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1642 * like INC or STDOUT.
1650 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1651 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1652 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1656 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1661 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1662 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1666 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1667 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1668 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1672 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1673 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1679 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1687 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1688 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1689 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1691 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1692 * which might happen during global destruction.
1694 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1695 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1696 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1697 const svtype sv_type)
1699 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1701 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1703 if ( gv_is_in_main(name, len, is_utf8) ) {
1704 *stash = PL_defstash;
1707 if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1708 *stash = PL_curstash;
1709 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1710 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1711 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1712 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1713 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1714 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1715 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1717 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,0);
1718 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1719 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1723 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1724 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1725 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1727 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1729 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1730 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1731 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1732 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1733 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1736 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1737 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1738 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1745 /* Use the current op's stash */
1746 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1751 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1753 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
1754 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1755 "\" requires explicit package name (did you forget to "
1756 "declare \"my %s%"UTF8f"\"?)",
1757 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1758 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1759 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1760 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name),
1761 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1762 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1763 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1764 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)));
1765 /* To maintain the output of errors after the strict exception
1766 * above, and to keep compat with older releases, rather than
1767 * placing the variables in the pad, we place
1768 * them in the <none>:: stash.
1770 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1772 /* symbol table under destruction */
1781 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1787 /* gv_magicalize only turns on the SVf_READONLY flag, not SVf_PROTECT. So
1788 redefine SvREADONLY_on for that purpose. We don’t use it later on in
1790 #undef SvREADONLY_on
1791 #define SvREADONLY_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_READONLY)
1793 /* gv_magicalize() is called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating
1795 * Note that it does not insert the GV into the stash prior to
1796 * magicalization, which some variables require need in order
1797 * to work (like $[, %+, %-, %!), so callers must take care of
1800 * The return value has a specific meaning for gv_fetchpvn_flags:
1801 * If it returns true, and the gv is empty, it indicates that its
1802 * refcount should be decreased.
1804 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1805 S_gv_magicalize(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1806 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1810 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE;
1812 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1813 /* We only have to check for a few names here: a, b, EXPORT, ISA
1814 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1815 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1817 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1820 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1824 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1825 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1828 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1833 if (len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
1842 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1843 /* Avoid null warning: */
1844 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1845 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1846 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1853 /* Nothing else to do.
1854 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1855 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1856 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1857 platforms, we can't just do:
1858 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1859 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1860 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1861 would make them larger than 'V')
1866 const char * name2 = name + 1;
1869 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1870 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1872 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1877 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1881 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1882 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1886 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1889 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1890 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1891 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1892 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1894 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1895 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1896 use didn't clean up fully because
1897 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1898 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1899 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1900 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1901 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1902 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1903 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1904 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1908 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1909 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1910 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1912 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1917 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1920 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1921 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1924 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1925 if (*name2 == '_') {
1928 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1931 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1932 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1935 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1936 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1939 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1940 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1941 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1945 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1946 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1949 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1950 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1951 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1954 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1955 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1959 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1960 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1963 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1964 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1966 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1968 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1971 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1972 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1985 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1988 if (!grok_atoUV(name, &uv, NULL) || uv > I32_MAX)
1990 /* XXX why are we using a SSize_t? */
1991 paren = (SSize_t)(I32)uv;
1997 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1998 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
2001 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
2004 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
2007 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
2009 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2011 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
2012 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
2013 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
2014 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
2016 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
2020 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
2021 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2034 paren = *name - '0';
2037 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
2038 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
2039 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
2043 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
2047 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
2048 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
2054 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
2056 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2058 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
2059 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2061 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2068 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
2070 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
2071 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
2073 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
2074 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2076 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2079 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2081 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2089 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2090 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2091 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
2092 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2094 case '\010': /* $^H */
2096 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
2097 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
2101 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2102 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
2103 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2106 else goto magicalize;
2108 case '\023': /* $^S */
2110 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2126 case '\001': /* $^A */
2127 case '\003': /* $^C */
2128 case '\004': /* $^D */
2129 case '\005': /* $^E */
2130 case '\006': /* $^F */
2131 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2132 case '\016': /* $^N */
2133 case '\017': /* $^O */
2134 case '\020': /* $^P */
2135 case '\024': /* $^T */
2136 case '\027': /* $^W */
2138 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2141 case '\014': /* $^L */
2142 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
2145 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2149 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2150 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2151 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2152 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2153 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2157 case '\026': /* $^V */
2159 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2160 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2161 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2167 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2175 /* If we do ever start using this later on in the file, we need to make
2176 sure we don’t accidentally use the wrong definition. */
2177 #undef SvREADONLY_on
2179 /* This function is called when the stash already holds the GV of the magic
2180 * variable we're looking for, but we need to check that it has the correct
2181 * kind of magic. For example, if someone first uses $! and then %!, the
2182 * latter would end up here, and we add the Errno tie to the HASH slot of
2185 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
2186 S_maybe_multimagic_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, const svtype sv_type)
2188 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBE_MULTIMAGIC_GV;
2190 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2192 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2193 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2194 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2195 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2196 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2197 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2198 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2200 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2203 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2206 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2208 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2210 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2214 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2218 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2227 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2228 const svtype sv_type)
2230 const char *name = nambeg;
2235 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2236 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2237 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2238 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2239 bool addmg = cBOOL(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2240 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2243 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2245 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2246 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2247 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2248 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2250 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2253 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2254 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2260 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2264 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2265 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,add);
2266 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2267 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2270 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2271 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2274 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2275 /* The GV already exists, so return it, but check if we need to do
2276 * anything else with it before that.
2279 /* This is the heuristic that handles if a variable triggers the
2280 * 'used only once' warning. If there's already a GV in the stash
2281 * with this name, then we assume that the variable has been used
2282 * before and turn its MULTI flag on.
2283 * It's a heuristic because it can easily be "tricked", like with
2284 * BEGIN { $a = 1; $::{foo} = *a }; () = $foo
2285 * not warning about $main::foo being used just once
2288 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2289 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2290 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2291 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2292 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2293 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2294 maybe_multimagic_gv(gv, name, sv_type);
2296 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2297 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2298 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2299 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2302 } else if (no_init) {
2306 /* If GV_NOEXPAND is true and what we got off the stash is a ref,
2307 * don't expand it to a glob. This is an optimization so that things
2308 * copying constants over, like Exporter, don't have to be rewritten
2309 * to take into account that you can store more than just globs in
2312 else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2317 /* Adding a new symbol.
2318 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2319 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2321 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2322 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2324 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2326 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2327 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2328 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2329 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2330 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2332 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2335 /* First, store the gv in the symtab if we're adding magic,
2336 * but only for non-empty GVs
2338 #define GvEMPTY(gv) !(GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) \
2339 || GvCV(gv) || (GvSV(gv) && SvOK(GvSV(gv))))
2341 if ( addmg && !GvEMPTY(gv) ) {
2342 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2345 /* set up magic where warranted */
2346 if ( gv_magicalize(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type) ) {
2349 if ( GvSV(gv) && SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)) ) {
2350 /* The GV was and still is "empty", except that now
2351 * it has the magic flags turned on, so we want it
2352 * stored in the symtab.
2354 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2357 /* Most likely the temporary GV created above */
2358 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv);
2364 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2369 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2372 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2374 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2376 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2378 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2379 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2380 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2381 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2385 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2386 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2390 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2392 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2394 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2396 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2400 /* recursively scan a stash and any nested stashes looking for entries
2401 * that need the "only used once" warning raised
2405 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2409 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2411 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2414 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2416 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2418 /* mark stash is being scanned, to avoid recursing */
2419 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2420 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2423 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2424 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2426 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash
2428 && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH))
2430 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2432 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2433 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2435 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2436 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2439 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2441 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2443 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2444 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2447 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2448 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2449 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2450 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2453 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2458 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2460 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2461 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2463 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2464 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2469 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2472 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2479 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2480 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2481 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2482 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2491 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2496 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2498 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2499 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2500 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2501 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2504 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) {
2506 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2514 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2516 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2517 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2518 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2519 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2520 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2521 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2522 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2524 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2533 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2537 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2538 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2539 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2540 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2541 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek) {
2542 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2543 "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n",
2544 HEKfARG(hvname_hek)));
2545 (void)hv_deletehek(PL_stashcache, hvname_hek, G_DISCARD);
2549 if (io && SvREFCNT(io) == 1 && IoIFP(io)
2550 && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY ||
2551 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDWR ||
2552 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_APPEND)
2553 && ckWARN_d(WARN_IO)
2554 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdin()
2555 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdout()
2556 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stderr()
2557 && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
2558 io_close(io, gv, FALSE, TRUE);
2563 /* Possibly reallocated by a destructor */
2566 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2572 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2574 if (--attempts == 0) {
2576 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2577 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2582 /* Possibly incremented by a destructor doing glob assignment */
2583 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) goto borrowed;
2589 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2591 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2592 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2594 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2596 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2598 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2599 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2601 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2602 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2609 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2611 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2612 * 0 if there is no overload
2613 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2617 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2619 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2621 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2624 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2626 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2628 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2629 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2630 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2632 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2635 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2638 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2639 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2645 bool deref_seen = 0;
2648 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2650 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2651 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2652 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2657 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2660 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2662 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2665 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2666 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2667 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2668 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2669 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2670 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2677 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2678 /* initially assume the worst */
2679 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2681 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2682 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2683 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2684 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2685 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2687 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2688 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2689 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2690 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2691 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2692 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2693 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2694 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2695 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2696 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2698 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv)) && CvHASGV(cv)) {
2699 const HEK * const gvhek =
2700 CvNAMED(cv) ? CvNAME_HEK(cv) : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV(cv));
2701 const HEK * const stashek =
2702 HvNAME_HEK(CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2703 if (HEK_LEN(gvhek) == 3 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(gvhek), "nil")
2704 && stashek && HEK_LEN(stashek) == 8
2705 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(stashek), "overload")) {
2706 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2707 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2708 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2710 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2712 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2713 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2714 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2715 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2716 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2718 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2723 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2725 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2726 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2727 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2728 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2729 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2730 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2738 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2740 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2741 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2742 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2744 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2745 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2748 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2764 /* none of @{} etc overloaded; we can do $obj->[N] quicker.
2765 * NB - aux var invalid here, HvARRAY() could have been
2766 * reallocated since it was assigned to */
2767 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2770 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2771 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2772 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2776 /* Here we have no table: */
2778 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2779 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2780 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2786 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2791 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2793 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2796 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2797 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2799 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2802 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2804 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2807 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2808 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2810 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2811 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2812 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2813 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2814 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2815 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2816 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2817 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2829 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2830 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2832 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2834 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2838 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2841 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2845 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2846 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary
2847 | (flags & AMGf_numarg))))
2849 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2854 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2855 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2865 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2871 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2872 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2875 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2877 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2878 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2882 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2884 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2885 SV* const right = TOPs;
2891 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2892 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2893 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0)
2894 | (flags & AMGf_numarg));
2896 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2903 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2904 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2914 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2915 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2917 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2920 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2921 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2923 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2926 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2928 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2930 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2936 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2940 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2944 /* return quickly if none of the deref ops are overloaded */
2945 stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(ref));
2946 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2947 if (HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_NO_DEREF)
2950 while ((tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2951 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2953 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2954 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2955 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2962 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2966 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2968 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2970 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2972 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2973 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2975 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2976 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2977 * masked by overloading.pm */
2979 const int offset = method / 8;
2980 const int bit = method % 8;
2981 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2983 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2984 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2991 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2996 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2997 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2998 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2999 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
3000 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
3001 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
3002 int use_default_op = 0;
3003 int force_scalar = 0;
3009 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
3011 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
3012 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
3015 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
3016 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3017 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3018 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3019 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3021 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
3022 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
3028 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
3029 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
3031 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
3034 /* look for substituted methods */
3035 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
3039 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
3040 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
3041 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3046 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
3047 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
3048 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3052 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3055 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3058 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3061 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
3062 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
3063 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3070 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
3073 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
3074 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
3076 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
3077 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
3079 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
3080 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
3081 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
3082 delegate to the stash. */
3083 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
3089 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
3090 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
3091 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3093 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3094 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
3095 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
3097 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3098 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
3099 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
3102 if (off==subtr_amg) {
3113 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
3115 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3120 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3121 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3124 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3132 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3137 if (!cv) goto not_found;
3138 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
3139 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3140 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3141 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3142 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3144 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
3147 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
3148 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
3149 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
3150 /* We look for substitution for
3151 * comparison operations and
3153 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
3154 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
3155 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
3177 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3181 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3191 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
3199 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3201 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
3202 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
3203 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
3204 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
3205 } else if ((use_default_op =
3206 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
3207 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
3209 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
3213 if (off==-1) off=method;
3214 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
3215 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
3216 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3217 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
3219 "in overloaded package ":
3220 "has no overloaded magic",
3222 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
3225 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
3228 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
3230 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
3231 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
3232 if (use_default_op) {
3233 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
3235 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
3239 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
3244 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
3245 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
3246 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
3247 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
3253 if (off == subtr_amg)
3256 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
3257 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
3258 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
3259 * assigned to the proper variable later */
3279 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
3283 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
3284 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
3285 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3293 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3294 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3295 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3305 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3306 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3308 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3310 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3311 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3312 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3313 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3314 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3315 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3316 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3317 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3320 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3321 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3322 * version of copy operator
3324 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3325 * a) Assignment form was called.
3326 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3327 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3328 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3329 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3330 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3332 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3333 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3335 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3336 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3339 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3340 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3342 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3343 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3346 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3347 * information by hand */
3348 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3350 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3351 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3353 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3361 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3363 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3366 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3367 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3368 myop.op_next = NULL;
3369 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3373 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3376 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3377 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3382 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3386 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3389 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3390 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3391 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3392 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3394 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3395 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3396 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3397 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3399 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3400 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3402 else if (flags & AMGf_numarg)
3403 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
3404 if (flags & AMGf_numarg)
3406 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3410 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3414 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3418 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3419 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3422 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3425 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3426 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3427 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3429 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3441 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3448 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3451 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3454 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3457 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3460 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3463 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3466 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3468 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3473 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3475 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3477 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3485 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3490 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3493 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3495 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3496 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3499 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3500 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3504 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3506 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3507 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3508 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3509 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3510 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3511 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3512 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3514 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3516 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3517 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3518 more compactly represents the same thing.
3524 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3530 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3532 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3534 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3536 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3537 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3538 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3539 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3540 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3541 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3543 if (gv == PL_statgv || gv == PL_last_in_gv || gv == PL_stderrgv)
3545 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3547 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3548 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3550 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3551 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3557 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3558 (void)hv_deletehek(stash, gvnhek, G_DISCARD);
3559 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv && SvREFCNT(cv) == 1 &&
3560 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3561 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && !CvNAMED(cv) && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3562 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3563 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3564 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3565 (gvp = hv_fetchhek(stash, namehek, 0)) &&
3567 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3568 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3572 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3574 /* See also: 'SET_SVANY_FOR_BODYLESS_IV' in sv.c */
3575 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3576 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3577 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3582 Perl_gv_override(pTHX_ const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
3584 GV *gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3586 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_OVERRIDE;
3587 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) return gv;
3588 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, name, len, FALSE);
3589 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3590 if (gv && !isGV(gv)) {
3591 if (!SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv)) return NULL;
3592 gv_init(gv, PL_globalstash, name, len, 0);
3595 return gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv) ? gv : NULL;
3601 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3604 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3609 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: