3 * Copyright (c) 1991-2002, Larry Wall
5 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
6 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8 * "I wonder what the Entish is for 'yes' and 'no'," he thought.
11 * This file contains the code that creates, manipulates and destroys
12 * scalar values (SVs). The other types (AV, HV, GV, etc.) reuse the
13 * structure of an SV, so their creation and destruction is handled
14 * here; higher-level functions are in av.c, hv.c, and so on. Opcode
15 * level functions (eg. substr, split, join) for each of the types are
25 #define SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv) if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) sv_force_normal(sv)
28 /* ============================================================================
30 =head1 Allocation and deallocation of SVs.
32 An SV (or AV, HV, etc.) is allocated in two parts: the head (struct sv,
33 av, hv...) contains type and reference count information, as well as a
34 pointer to the body (struct xrv, xpv, xpviv...), which contains fields
35 specific to each type.
37 Normally, this allocation is done using arenas, which are approximately
38 1K chunks of memory parcelled up into N heads or bodies. The first slot
39 in each arena is reserved, and is used to hold a link to the next arena.
40 In the case of heads, the unused first slot also contains some flags and
41 a note of the number of slots. Snaked through each arena chain is a
42 linked list of free items; when this becomes empty, an extra arena is
43 allocated and divided up into N items which are threaded into the free
46 The following global variables are associated with arenas:
48 PL_sv_arenaroot pointer to list of SV arenas
49 PL_sv_root pointer to list of free SV structures
51 PL_foo_arenaroot pointer to list of foo arenas,
52 PL_foo_root pointer to list of free foo bodies
53 ... for foo in xiv, xnv, xrv, xpv etc.
55 Note that some of the larger and more rarely used body types (eg xpvio)
56 are not allocated using arenas, but are instead just malloc()/free()ed as
57 required. Also, if PURIFY is defined, arenas are abandoned altogether,
58 with all items individually malloc()ed. In addition, a few SV heads are
59 not allocated from an arena, but are instead directly created as static
60 or auto variables, eg PL_sv_undef.
62 The SV arena serves the secondary purpose of allowing still-live SVs
63 to be located and destroyed during final cleanup.
65 At the lowest level, the macros new_SV() and del_SV() grab and free
66 an SV head. (If debugging with -DD, del_SV() calls the function S_del_sv()
67 to return the SV to the free list with error checking.) new_SV() calls
68 more_sv() / sv_add_arena() to add an extra arena if the free list is empty.
69 SVs in the free list have their SvTYPE field set to all ones.
71 Similarly, there are macros new_XIV()/del_XIV(), new_XNV()/del_XNV() etc
72 that allocate and return individual body types. Normally these are mapped
73 to the arena-manipulating functions new_xiv()/del_xiv() etc, but may be
74 instead mapped directly to malloc()/free() if PURIFY is defined. The
75 new/del functions remove from, or add to, the appropriate PL_foo_root
76 list, and call more_xiv() etc to add a new arena if the list is empty.
78 At the time of very final cleanup, sv_free_arenas() is called from
79 perl_destruct() to physically free all the arenas allocated since the
80 start of the interpreter. Note that this also clears PL_he_arenaroot,
81 which is otherwise dealt with in hv.c.
83 Manipulation of any of the PL_*root pointers is protected by enclosing
84 LOCK_SV_MUTEX; ... UNLOCK_SV_MUTEX calls which should Do the Right Thing
85 if threads are enabled.
87 The function visit() scans the SV arenas list, and calls a specified
88 function for each SV it finds which is still live - ie which has an SvTYPE
89 other than all 1's, and a non-zero SvREFCNT. visit() is used by the
90 following functions (specified as [function that calls visit()] / [function
91 called by visit() for each SV]):
93 sv_report_used() / do_report_used()
94 dump all remaining SVs (debugging aid)
96 sv_clean_objs() / do_clean_objs(),do_clean_named_objs()
97 Attempt to free all objects pointed to by RVs,
98 and, unless DISABLE_DESTRUCTOR_KLUDGE is defined,
99 try to do the same for all objects indirectly
100 referenced by typeglobs too. Called once from
101 perl_destruct(), prior to calling sv_clean_all()
104 sv_clean_all() / do_clean_all()
105 SvREFCNT_dec(sv) each remaining SV, possibly
106 triggering an sv_free(). It also sets the
107 SVf_BREAK flag on the SV to indicate that the
108 refcnt has been artificially lowered, and thus
109 stopping sv_free() from giving spurious warnings
110 about SVs which unexpectedly have a refcnt
111 of zero. called repeatedly from perl_destruct()
112 until there are no SVs left.
116 Private API to rest of sv.c
120 new_XIV(), del_XIV(),
121 new_XNV(), del_XNV(),
126 sv_report_used(), sv_clean_objs(), sv_clean_all(), sv_free_arenas()
131 ============================================================================ */
136 * "A time to plant, and a time to uproot what was planted..."
139 #define plant_SV(p) \
141 SvANY(p) = (void *)PL_sv_root; \
142 SvFLAGS(p) = SVTYPEMASK; \
147 /* sv_mutex must be held while calling uproot_SV() */
148 #define uproot_SV(p) \
151 PL_sv_root = (SV*)SvANY(p); \
156 /* new_SV(): return a new, empty SV head */
172 /* del_SV(): return an empty SV head to the free list */
187 S_del_sv(pTHX_ SV *p)
194 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV *) SvANY(sva)) {
196 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
197 if (p >= sv && p < svend)
201 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
202 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_INTERNAL,
203 "Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%"UVxf,
211 #else /* ! DEBUGGING */
213 #define del_SV(p) plant_SV(p)
215 #endif /* DEBUGGING */
219 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
221 =for apidoc sv_add_arena
223 Given a chunk of memory, link it to the head of the list of arenas,
224 and split it into a list of free SVs.
230 Perl_sv_add_arena(pTHX_ char *ptr, U32 size, U32 flags)
235 Zero(ptr, size, char);
237 /* The first SV in an arena isn't an SV. */
238 SvANY(sva) = (void *) PL_sv_arenaroot; /* ptr to next arena */
239 SvREFCNT(sva) = size / sizeof(SV); /* number of SV slots */
240 SvFLAGS(sva) = flags; /* FAKE if not to be freed */
242 PL_sv_arenaroot = sva;
243 PL_sv_root = sva + 1;
245 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva) - 1];
248 SvANY(sv) = (void *)(SV*)(sv + 1);
249 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVTYPEMASK;
253 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVTYPEMASK;
256 /* make some more SVs by adding another arena */
258 /* sv_mutex must be held while calling more_sv() */
265 sv_add_arena(PL_nice_chunk, PL_nice_chunk_size, 0);
266 PL_nice_chunk = Nullch;
267 PL_nice_chunk_size = 0;
270 char *chunk; /* must use New here to match call to */
271 New(704,chunk,1008,char); /* Safefree() in sv_free_arenas() */
272 sv_add_arena(chunk, 1008, 0);
278 /* visit(): call the named function for each non-free SV in the arenas. */
281 S_visit(pTHX_ SVFUNC_t f)
288 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
289 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
290 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
291 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK && SvREFCNT(sv)) {
302 /* called by sv_report_used() for each live SV */
305 do_report_used(pTHX_ SV *sv)
307 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
308 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "****\n");
315 =for apidoc sv_report_used
317 Dump the contents of all SVs not yet freed. (Debugging aid).
323 Perl_sv_report_used(pTHX)
326 visit(do_report_used);
330 /* called by sv_clean_objs() for each live SV */
333 do_clean_objs(pTHX_ SV *sv)
337 if (SvROK(sv) && SvOBJECT(rv = SvRV(sv))) {
338 DEBUG_D((PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Cleaning object ref:\n "), sv_dump(sv)));
350 /* XXX Might want to check arrays, etc. */
353 /* called by sv_clean_objs() for each live SV */
355 #ifndef DISABLE_DESTRUCTOR_KLUDGE
357 do_clean_named_objs(pTHX_ SV *sv)
359 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV && GvGP(sv)) {
360 if ( SvOBJECT(GvSV(sv)) ||
361 (GvAV(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvAV(sv))) ||
362 (GvHV(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvHV(sv))) ||
363 (GvIO(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvIO(sv))) ||
364 (GvCV(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvCV(sv))) )
366 DEBUG_D((PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Cleaning named glob object:\n "), sv_dump(sv)));
374 =for apidoc sv_clean_objs
376 Attempt to destroy all objects not yet freed
382 Perl_sv_clean_objs(pTHX)
384 PL_in_clean_objs = TRUE;
385 visit(do_clean_objs);
386 #ifndef DISABLE_DESTRUCTOR_KLUDGE
387 /* some barnacles may yet remain, clinging to typeglobs */
388 visit(do_clean_named_objs);
390 PL_in_clean_objs = FALSE;
393 /* called by sv_clean_all() for each live SV */
396 do_clean_all(pTHX_ SV *sv)
398 DEBUG_D((PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Cleaning loops: SV at 0x%"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(sv)) ));
399 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_BREAK;
404 =for apidoc sv_clean_all
406 Decrement the refcnt of each remaining SV, possibly triggering a
407 cleanup. This function may have to be called multiple times to free
408 SVs which are in complex self-referential hierarchies.
414 Perl_sv_clean_all(pTHX)
417 PL_in_clean_all = TRUE;
418 cleaned = visit(do_clean_all);
419 PL_in_clean_all = FALSE;
424 =for apidoc sv_free_arenas
426 Deallocate the memory used by all arenas. Note that all the individual SV
427 heads and bodies within the arenas must already have been freed.
433 Perl_sv_free_arenas(pTHX)
437 XPV *arena, *arenanext;
439 /* Free arenas here, but be careful about fake ones. (We assume
440 contiguity of the fake ones with the corresponding real ones.) */
442 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = svanext) {
443 svanext = (SV*) SvANY(sva);
444 while (svanext && SvFAKE(svanext))
445 svanext = (SV*) SvANY(svanext);
448 Safefree((void *)sva);
451 for (arena = PL_xiv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
452 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
455 PL_xiv_arenaroot = 0;
457 for (arena = PL_xnv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
458 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
461 PL_xnv_arenaroot = 0;
463 for (arena = PL_xrv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
464 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
467 PL_xrv_arenaroot = 0;
469 for (arena = PL_xpv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
470 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
473 PL_xpv_arenaroot = 0;
475 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpviv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
476 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
479 PL_xpviv_arenaroot = 0;
481 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvnv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
482 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
485 PL_xpvnv_arenaroot = 0;
487 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvcv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
488 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
491 PL_xpvcv_arenaroot = 0;
493 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvav_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
494 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
497 PL_xpvav_arenaroot = 0;
499 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvhv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
500 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
503 PL_xpvhv_arenaroot = 0;
505 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvmg_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
506 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
509 PL_xpvmg_arenaroot = 0;
511 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvlv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
512 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
515 PL_xpvlv_arenaroot = 0;
517 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvbm_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
518 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
521 PL_xpvbm_arenaroot = 0;
523 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_he_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
524 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
530 Safefree(PL_nice_chunk);
531 PL_nice_chunk = Nullch;
532 PL_nice_chunk_size = 0;
538 =for apidoc report_uninit
540 Print appropriate "Use of uninitialized variable" warning
546 Perl_report_uninit(pTHX)
549 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNINITIALIZED, PL_warn_uninit,
550 " in ", OP_DESC(PL_op));
552 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_UNINITIALIZED, PL_warn_uninit, "", "");
555 /* grab a new IV body from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
566 * See comment in more_xiv() -- RAM.
568 PL_xiv_root = *(IV**)xiv;
570 return (XPVIV*)((char*)xiv - STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
573 /* return an IV body to the free list */
576 S_del_xiv(pTHX_ XPVIV *p)
578 IV* xiv = (IV*)((char*)(p) + STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
580 *(IV**)xiv = PL_xiv_root;
585 /* allocate another arena's worth of IV bodies */
593 New(705, ptr, 1008/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
594 ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xiv_arenaroot; /* linked list of xiv arenas */
595 PL_xiv_arenaroot = ptr; /* to keep Purify happy */
598 xivend = &xiv[1008 / sizeof(IV) - 1];
599 xiv += (sizeof(XPV) - 1) / sizeof(IV) + 1; /* fudge by size of XPV */
601 while (xiv < xivend) {
602 *(IV**)xiv = (IV *)(xiv + 1);
608 /* grab a new NV body from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
618 PL_xnv_root = *(NV**)xnv;
620 return (XPVNV*)((char*)xnv - STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVNV, xnv_nv));
623 /* return an NV body to the free list */
626 S_del_xnv(pTHX_ XPVNV *p)
628 NV* xnv = (NV*)((char*)(p) + STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVNV, xnv_nv));
630 *(NV**)xnv = PL_xnv_root;
635 /* allocate another arena's worth of NV bodies */
643 New(711, ptr, 1008/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
644 ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xnv_arenaroot;
645 PL_xnv_arenaroot = ptr;
648 xnvend = &xnv[1008 / sizeof(NV) - 1];
649 xnv += (sizeof(XPVIV) - 1) / sizeof(NV) + 1; /* fudge by sizeof XPVIV */
651 while (xnv < xnvend) {
652 *(NV**)xnv = (NV*)(xnv + 1);
658 /* grab a new struct xrv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
668 PL_xrv_root = (XRV*)xrv->xrv_rv;
673 /* return a struct xrv to the free list */
676 S_del_xrv(pTHX_ XRV *p)
679 p->xrv_rv = (SV*)PL_xrv_root;
684 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xrv */
690 register XRV* xrvend;
692 New(712, ptr, 1008/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
693 ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xrv_arenaroot;
694 PL_xrv_arenaroot = ptr;
697 xrvend = &xrv[1008 / sizeof(XRV) - 1];
698 xrv += (sizeof(XPV) - 1) / sizeof(XRV) + 1;
700 while (xrv < xrvend) {
701 xrv->xrv_rv = (SV*)(xrv + 1);
707 /* grab a new struct xpv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
717 PL_xpv_root = (XPV*)xpv->xpv_pv;
722 /* return a struct xpv to the free list */
725 S_del_xpv(pTHX_ XPV *p)
728 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpv_root;
733 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpv */
739 register XPV* xpvend;
740 New(713, xpv, 1008/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
741 xpv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpv_arenaroot;
742 PL_xpv_arenaroot = xpv;
744 xpvend = &xpv[1008 / sizeof(XPV) - 1];
746 while (xpv < xpvend) {
747 xpv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpv + 1);
753 /* grab a new struct xpviv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
762 xpviv = PL_xpviv_root;
763 PL_xpviv_root = (XPVIV*)xpviv->xpv_pv;
768 /* return a struct xpviv to the free list */
771 S_del_xpviv(pTHX_ XPVIV *p)
774 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpviv_root;
779 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpviv */
784 register XPVIV* xpviv;
785 register XPVIV* xpvivend;
786 New(714, xpviv, 1008/sizeof(XPVIV), XPVIV);
787 xpviv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpviv_arenaroot;
788 PL_xpviv_arenaroot = xpviv;
790 xpvivend = &xpviv[1008 / sizeof(XPVIV) - 1];
791 PL_xpviv_root = ++xpviv;
792 while (xpviv < xpvivend) {
793 xpviv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpviv + 1);
799 /* grab a new struct xpvnv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
808 xpvnv = PL_xpvnv_root;
809 PL_xpvnv_root = (XPVNV*)xpvnv->xpv_pv;
814 /* return a struct xpvnv to the free list */
817 S_del_xpvnv(pTHX_ XPVNV *p)
820 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvnv_root;
825 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvnv */
830 register XPVNV* xpvnv;
831 register XPVNV* xpvnvend;
832 New(715, xpvnv, 1008/sizeof(XPVNV), XPVNV);
833 xpvnv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvnv_arenaroot;
834 PL_xpvnv_arenaroot = xpvnv;
836 xpvnvend = &xpvnv[1008 / sizeof(XPVNV) - 1];
837 PL_xpvnv_root = ++xpvnv;
838 while (xpvnv < xpvnvend) {
839 xpvnv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvnv + 1);
845 /* grab a new struct xpvcv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
854 xpvcv = PL_xpvcv_root;
855 PL_xpvcv_root = (XPVCV*)xpvcv->xpv_pv;
860 /* return a struct xpvcv to the free list */
863 S_del_xpvcv(pTHX_ XPVCV *p)
866 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvcv_root;
871 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvcv */
876 register XPVCV* xpvcv;
877 register XPVCV* xpvcvend;
878 New(716, xpvcv, 1008/sizeof(XPVCV), XPVCV);
879 xpvcv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvcv_arenaroot;
880 PL_xpvcv_arenaroot = xpvcv;
882 xpvcvend = &xpvcv[1008 / sizeof(XPVCV) - 1];
883 PL_xpvcv_root = ++xpvcv;
884 while (xpvcv < xpvcvend) {
885 xpvcv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvcv + 1);
891 /* grab a new struct xpvav from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
900 xpvav = PL_xpvav_root;
901 PL_xpvav_root = (XPVAV*)xpvav->xav_array;
906 /* return a struct xpvav to the free list */
909 S_del_xpvav(pTHX_ XPVAV *p)
912 p->xav_array = (char*)PL_xpvav_root;
917 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvav */
922 register XPVAV* xpvav;
923 register XPVAV* xpvavend;
924 New(717, xpvav, 1008/sizeof(XPVAV), XPVAV);
925 xpvav->xav_array = (char*)PL_xpvav_arenaroot;
926 PL_xpvav_arenaroot = xpvav;
928 xpvavend = &xpvav[1008 / sizeof(XPVAV) - 1];
929 PL_xpvav_root = ++xpvav;
930 while (xpvav < xpvavend) {
931 xpvav->xav_array = (char*)(xpvav + 1);
934 xpvav->xav_array = 0;
937 /* grab a new struct xpvhv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
946 xpvhv = PL_xpvhv_root;
947 PL_xpvhv_root = (XPVHV*)xpvhv->xhv_array;
952 /* return a struct xpvhv to the free list */
955 S_del_xpvhv(pTHX_ XPVHV *p)
958 p->xhv_array = (char*)PL_xpvhv_root;
963 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvhv */
968 register XPVHV* xpvhv;
969 register XPVHV* xpvhvend;
970 New(718, xpvhv, 1008/sizeof(XPVHV), XPVHV);
971 xpvhv->xhv_array = (char*)PL_xpvhv_arenaroot;
972 PL_xpvhv_arenaroot = xpvhv;
974 xpvhvend = &xpvhv[1008 / sizeof(XPVHV) - 1];
975 PL_xpvhv_root = ++xpvhv;
976 while (xpvhv < xpvhvend) {
977 xpvhv->xhv_array = (char*)(xpvhv + 1);
980 xpvhv->xhv_array = 0;
983 /* grab a new struct xpvmg from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
992 xpvmg = PL_xpvmg_root;
993 PL_xpvmg_root = (XPVMG*)xpvmg->xpv_pv;
998 /* return a struct xpvmg to the free list */
1001 S_del_xpvmg(pTHX_ XPVMG *p)
1004 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvmg_root;
1009 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvmg */
1014 register XPVMG* xpvmg;
1015 register XPVMG* xpvmgend;
1016 New(719, xpvmg, 1008/sizeof(XPVMG), XPVMG);
1017 xpvmg->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvmg_arenaroot;
1018 PL_xpvmg_arenaroot = xpvmg;
1020 xpvmgend = &xpvmg[1008 / sizeof(XPVMG) - 1];
1021 PL_xpvmg_root = ++xpvmg;
1022 while (xpvmg < xpvmgend) {
1023 xpvmg->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvmg + 1);
1029 /* grab a new struct xpvlv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1038 xpvlv = PL_xpvlv_root;
1039 PL_xpvlv_root = (XPVLV*)xpvlv->xpv_pv;
1044 /* return a struct xpvlv to the free list */
1047 S_del_xpvlv(pTHX_ XPVLV *p)
1050 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvlv_root;
1055 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvlv */
1060 register XPVLV* xpvlv;
1061 register XPVLV* xpvlvend;
1062 New(720, xpvlv, 1008/sizeof(XPVLV), XPVLV);
1063 xpvlv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvlv_arenaroot;
1064 PL_xpvlv_arenaroot = xpvlv;
1066 xpvlvend = &xpvlv[1008 / sizeof(XPVLV) - 1];
1067 PL_xpvlv_root = ++xpvlv;
1068 while (xpvlv < xpvlvend) {
1069 xpvlv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvlv + 1);
1075 /* grab a new struct xpvbm from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1084 xpvbm = PL_xpvbm_root;
1085 PL_xpvbm_root = (XPVBM*)xpvbm->xpv_pv;
1090 /* return a struct xpvbm to the free list */
1093 S_del_xpvbm(pTHX_ XPVBM *p)
1096 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvbm_root;
1101 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvbm */
1106 register XPVBM* xpvbm;
1107 register XPVBM* xpvbmend;
1108 New(721, xpvbm, 1008/sizeof(XPVBM), XPVBM);
1109 xpvbm->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvbm_arenaroot;
1110 PL_xpvbm_arenaroot = xpvbm;
1112 xpvbmend = &xpvbm[1008 / sizeof(XPVBM) - 1];
1113 PL_xpvbm_root = ++xpvbm;
1114 while (xpvbm < xpvbmend) {
1115 xpvbm->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvbm + 1);
1122 # define my_safemalloc(s) (void*)safexmalloc(717,s)
1123 # define my_safefree(p) safexfree((char*)p)
1125 # define my_safemalloc(s) (void*)safemalloc(s)
1126 # define my_safefree(p) safefree((char*)p)
1131 #define new_XIV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVIV))
1132 #define del_XIV(p) my_safefree(p)
1134 #define new_XNV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVNV))
1135 #define del_XNV(p) my_safefree(p)
1137 #define new_XRV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XRV))
1138 #define del_XRV(p) my_safefree(p)
1140 #define new_XPV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPV))
1141 #define del_XPV(p) my_safefree(p)
1143 #define new_XPVIV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVIV))
1144 #define del_XPVIV(p) my_safefree(p)
1146 #define new_XPVNV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVNV))
1147 #define del_XPVNV(p) my_safefree(p)
1149 #define new_XPVCV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVCV))
1150 #define del_XPVCV(p) my_safefree(p)
1152 #define new_XPVAV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVAV))
1153 #define del_XPVAV(p) my_safefree(p)
1155 #define new_XPVHV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVHV))
1156 #define del_XPVHV(p) my_safefree(p)
1158 #define new_XPVMG() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVMG))
1159 #define del_XPVMG(p) my_safefree(p)
1161 #define new_XPVLV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVLV))
1162 #define del_XPVLV(p) my_safefree(p)
1164 #define new_XPVBM() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVBM))
1165 #define del_XPVBM(p) my_safefree(p)
1169 #define new_XIV() (void*)new_xiv()
1170 #define del_XIV(p) del_xiv((XPVIV*) p)
1172 #define new_XNV() (void*)new_xnv()
1173 #define del_XNV(p) del_xnv((XPVNV*) p)
1175 #define new_XRV() (void*)new_xrv()
1176 #define del_XRV(p) del_xrv((XRV*) p)
1178 #define new_XPV() (void*)new_xpv()
1179 #define del_XPV(p) del_xpv((XPV *)p)
1181 #define new_XPVIV() (void*)new_xpviv()
1182 #define del_XPVIV(p) del_xpviv((XPVIV *)p)
1184 #define new_XPVNV() (void*)new_xpvnv()
1185 #define del_XPVNV(p) del_xpvnv((XPVNV *)p)
1187 #define new_XPVCV() (void*)new_xpvcv()
1188 #define del_XPVCV(p) del_xpvcv((XPVCV *)p)
1190 #define new_XPVAV() (void*)new_xpvav()
1191 #define del_XPVAV(p) del_xpvav((XPVAV *)p)
1193 #define new_XPVHV() (void*)new_xpvhv()
1194 #define del_XPVHV(p) del_xpvhv((XPVHV *)p)
1196 #define new_XPVMG() (void*)new_xpvmg()
1197 #define del_XPVMG(p) del_xpvmg((XPVMG *)p)
1199 #define new_XPVLV() (void*)new_xpvlv()
1200 #define del_XPVLV(p) del_xpvlv((XPVLV *)p)
1202 #define new_XPVBM() (void*)new_xpvbm()
1203 #define del_XPVBM(p) del_xpvbm((XPVBM *)p)
1207 #define new_XPVGV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVGV))
1208 #define del_XPVGV(p) my_safefree(p)
1210 #define new_XPVFM() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVFM))
1211 #define del_XPVFM(p) my_safefree(p)
1213 #define new_XPVIO() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVIO))
1214 #define del_XPVIO(p) my_safefree(p)
1217 =for apidoc sv_upgrade
1219 Upgrade an SV to a more complex form. Generally adds a new body type to the
1220 SV, then copies across as much information as possible from the old body.
1221 You generally want to use the C<SvUPGRADE> macro wrapper. See also C<svtype>.
1227 Perl_sv_upgrade(pTHX_ register SV *sv, U32 mt)
1237 if (mt != SVt_PV && SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv)) {
1238 sv_force_normal(sv);
1241 if (SvTYPE(sv) == mt)
1245 (void)SvOOK_off(sv);
1247 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
1268 else if (mt < SVt_PVIV)
1285 pv = (char*)SvRV(sv);
1305 else if (mt == SVt_NV)
1316 del_XPVIV(SvANY(sv));
1326 del_XPVNV(SvANY(sv));
1334 magic = SvMAGIC(sv);
1335 stash = SvSTASH(sv);
1336 del_XPVMG(SvANY(sv));
1339 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't upgrade that kind of scalar");
1344 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't upgrade to undef");
1346 SvANY(sv) = new_XIV();
1350 SvANY(sv) = new_XNV();
1354 SvANY(sv) = new_XRV();
1358 SvANY(sv) = new_XPV();
1364 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVIV();
1374 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVNV();
1382 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVMG();
1388 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1389 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1392 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVLV();
1398 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1399 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1406 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVAV();
1414 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1415 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1421 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVHV();
1427 HvTOTALKEYS(sv) = 0;
1428 HvPLACEHOLDERS(sv) = 0;
1429 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1430 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1437 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVCV();
1438 Zero(SvANY(sv), 1, XPVCV);
1444 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1445 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1448 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVGV();
1454 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1455 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1463 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVBM();
1469 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1470 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1476 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVFM();
1477 Zero(SvANY(sv), 1, XPVFM);
1483 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1484 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1487 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVIO();
1488 Zero(SvANY(sv), 1, XPVIO);
1494 SvMAGIC(sv) = magic;
1495 SvSTASH(sv) = stash;
1496 IoPAGE_LEN(sv) = 60;
1499 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1505 =for apidoc sv_backoff
1507 Remove any string offset. You should normally use the C<SvOOK_off> macro
1514 Perl_sv_backoff(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
1518 char *s = SvPVX(sv);
1519 SvLEN(sv) += SvIVX(sv);
1520 SvPVX(sv) -= SvIVX(sv);
1522 Move(s, SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv)+1, char);
1524 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;
1531 Expands the character buffer in the SV. If necessary, uses C<sv_unref> and
1532 upgrades the SV to C<SVt_PV>. Returns a pointer to the character buffer.
1533 Use the C<SvGROW> wrapper instead.
1539 Perl_sv_grow(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register STRLEN newlen)
1543 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
1544 if (newlen >= 0x10000) {
1545 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1546 "Allocation too large: %"UVxf"\n", (UV)newlen);
1549 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
1552 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PV) {
1553 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PV);
1556 else if (SvOOK(sv)) { /* pv is offset? */
1559 if (newlen > SvLEN(sv))
1560 newlen += 10 * (newlen - SvCUR(sv)); /* avoid copy each time */
1561 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
1562 if (newlen >= 0x10000)
1568 if (newlen > SvLEN(sv)) { /* need more room? */
1569 if (SvLEN(sv) && s) {
1570 #if defined(MYMALLOC) && !defined(LEAKTEST)
1571 STRLEN l = malloced_size((void*)SvPVX(sv));
1577 Renew(s,newlen,char);
1580 /* sv_force_normal_flags() must not try to unshare the new
1581 PVX we allocate below. AMS 20010713 */
1582 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv)) {
1586 New(703, s, newlen, char);
1587 if (SvPVX(sv) && SvCUR(sv)) {
1588 Move(SvPVX(sv), s, SvCUR(sv), char);
1592 SvLEN_set(sv, newlen);
1598 =for apidoc sv_setiv
1600 Copies an integer into the given SV, upgrading first if necessary.
1601 Does not handle 'set' magic. See also C<sv_setiv_mg>.
1607 Perl_sv_setiv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, IV i)
1609 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv);
1610 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
1612 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
1615 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
1619 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
1628 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't coerce %s to integer in %s", sv_reftype(sv,0),
1631 (void)SvIOK_only(sv); /* validate number */
1637 =for apidoc sv_setiv_mg
1639 Like C<sv_setiv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
1645 Perl_sv_setiv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, IV i)
1652 =for apidoc sv_setuv
1654 Copies an unsigned integer into the given SV, upgrading first if necessary.
1655 Does not handle 'set' magic. See also C<sv_setuv_mg>.
1661 Perl_sv_setuv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, UV u)
1663 /* With these two if statements:
1664 u=1.49 s=0.52 cu=72.49 cs=10.64 scripts=270 tests=20865
1667 u=1.35 s=0.47 cu=73.45 cs=11.43 scripts=270 tests=20865
1669 If you wish to remove them, please benchmark to see what the effect is
1671 if (u <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
1672 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)u);
1681 =for apidoc sv_setuv_mg
1683 Like C<sv_setuv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
1689 Perl_sv_setuv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, UV u)
1691 /* With these two if statements:
1692 u=1.49 s=0.52 cu=72.49 cs=10.64 scripts=270 tests=20865
1695 u=1.35 s=0.47 cu=73.45 cs=11.43 scripts=270 tests=20865
1697 If you wish to remove them, please benchmark to see what the effect is
1699 if (u <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
1700 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)u);
1710 =for apidoc sv_setnv
1712 Copies a double into the given SV, upgrading first if necessary.
1713 Does not handle 'set' magic. See also C<sv_setnv_mg>.
1719 Perl_sv_setnv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, NV num)
1721 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv);
1722 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
1725 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_NV);
1730 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
1739 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't coerce %s to number in %s", sv_reftype(sv,0),
1743 (void)SvNOK_only(sv); /* validate number */
1748 =for apidoc sv_setnv_mg
1750 Like C<sv_setnv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
1756 Perl_sv_setnv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, NV num)
1762 /* Print an "isn't numeric" warning, using a cleaned-up,
1763 * printable version of the offending string
1767 S_not_a_number(pTHX_ SV *sv)
1774 dsv = sv_2mortal(newSVpv("", 0));
1775 pv = sv_uni_display(dsv, sv, 10, 0);
1778 char *limit = tmpbuf + sizeof(tmpbuf) - 8;
1779 /* each *s can expand to 4 chars + "...\0",
1780 i.e. need room for 8 chars */
1783 for (s = SvPVX(sv), end = s + SvCUR(sv); s < end && d < limit; s++) {
1785 if (ch & 128 && !isPRINT_LC(ch)) {
1794 else if (ch == '\r') {
1798 else if (ch == '\f') {
1802 else if (ch == '\\') {
1806 else if (ch == '\0') {
1810 else if (isPRINT_LC(ch))
1827 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NUMERIC,
1828 "Argument \"%s\" isn't numeric in %s", pv,
1831 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_NUMERIC,
1832 "Argument \"%s\" isn't numeric", pv);
1836 =for apidoc looks_like_number
1838 Test if the content of an SV looks like a number (or is a number).
1839 C<Inf> and C<Infinity> are treated as numbers (so will not issue a
1840 non-numeric warning), even if your atof() doesn't grok them.
1846 Perl_looks_like_number(pTHX_ SV *sv)
1848 register char *sbegin;
1855 else if (SvPOKp(sv))
1856 sbegin = SvPV(sv, len);
1858 return 1; /* Historic. Wrong? */
1859 return grok_number(sbegin, len, NULL);
1862 /* Actually, ISO C leaves conversion of UV to IV undefined, but
1863 until proven guilty, assume that things are not that bad... */
1868 As 64 bit platforms often have an NV that doesn't preserve all bits of
1869 an IV (an assumption perl has been based on to date) it becomes necessary
1870 to remove the assumption that the NV always carries enough precision to
1871 recreate the IV whenever needed, and that the NV is the canonical form.
1872 Instead, IV/UV and NV need to be given equal rights. So as to not lose
1873 precision as a side effect of conversion (which would lead to insanity
1874 and the dragon(s) in t/op/numconvert.t getting very angry) the intent is
1875 1) to distinguish between IV/UV/NV slots that have cached a valid
1876 conversion where precision was lost and IV/UV/NV slots that have a
1877 valid conversion which has lost no precision
1878 2) to ensure that if a numeric conversion to one form is requested that
1879 would lose precision, the precise conversion (or differently
1880 imprecise conversion) is also performed and cached, to prevent
1881 requests for different numeric formats on the same SV causing
1882 lossy conversion chains. (lossless conversion chains are perfectly
1887 SvIOKp is true if the IV slot contains a valid value
1888 SvIOK is true only if the IV value is accurate (UV if SvIOK_UV true)
1889 SvNOKp is true if the NV slot contains a valid value
1890 SvNOK is true only if the NV value is accurate
1893 while converting from PV to NV, check to see if converting that NV to an
1894 IV(or UV) would lose accuracy over a direct conversion from PV to
1895 IV(or UV). If it would, cache both conversions, return NV, but mark
1896 SV as IOK NOKp (ie not NOK).
1898 While converting from PV to IV, check to see if converting that IV to an
1899 NV would lose accuracy over a direct conversion from PV to NV. If it
1900 would, cache both conversions, flag similarly.
1902 Before, the SV value "3.2" could become NV=3.2 IV=3 NOK, IOK quite
1903 correctly because if IV & NV were set NV *always* overruled.
1904 Now, "3.2" will become NV=3.2 IV=3 NOK, IOKp, because the flag's meaning
1905 changes - now IV and NV together means that the two are interchangeable:
1906 SvIVX == (IV) SvNVX && SvNVX == (NV) SvIVX;
1908 The benefit of this is that operations such as pp_add know that if
1909 SvIOK is true for both left and right operands, then integer addition
1910 can be used instead of floating point (for cases where the result won't
1911 overflow). Before, floating point was always used, which could lead to
1912 loss of precision compared with integer addition.
1914 * making IV and NV equal status should make maths accurate on 64 bit
1916 * may speed up maths somewhat if pp_add and friends start to use
1917 integers when possible instead of fp. (Hopefully the overhead in
1918 looking for SvIOK and checking for overflow will not outweigh the
1919 fp to integer speedup)
1920 * will slow down integer operations (callers of SvIV) on "inaccurate"
1921 values, as the change from SvIOK to SvIOKp will cause a call into
1922 sv_2iv each time rather than a macro access direct to the IV slot
1923 * should speed up number->string conversion on integers as IV is
1924 favoured when IV and NV are equally accurate
1926 ####################################################################
1927 You had better be using SvIOK_notUV if you want an IV for arithmetic:
1928 SvIOK is true if (IV or UV), so you might be getting (IV)SvUV.
1929 On the other hand, SvUOK is true iff UV.
1930 ####################################################################
1932 Your mileage will vary depending your CPU's relative fp to integer
1936 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
1937 # define IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_IV 1
1938 # define IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_UV 2
1939 # define IS_NUMBER_IV_AND_UV 2
1940 # define IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_IV 4
1941 # define IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_UV 5
1943 /* sv_2iuv_non_preserve(): private routine for use by sv_2iv() and sv_2uv() */
1945 /* For sv_2nv these three cases are "SvNOK and don't bother casting" */
1947 S_sv_2iuv_non_preserve(pTHX_ register SV *sv, I32 numtype)
1949 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"sv_2iuv_non '%s', IV=0x%"UVxf" NV=%"NVgf" inttype=%"UVXf"\n", SvPVX(sv), SvIVX(sv), SvNVX(sv), (UV)numtype));
1950 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MIN) {
1951 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
1954 return IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_IV;
1956 if (SvNVX(sv) > (NV)UV_MAX) {
1957 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
1961 return IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_UV;
1963 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
1965 /* Can't use strtol etc to convert this string. (See truth table in
1967 if (SvNVX(sv) <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
1968 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
1969 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
1970 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Integer is precise. NOK, IOK */
1972 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
1974 return SvNVX(sv) < 0 ? IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_UV : IS_NUMBER_IV_AND_UV;
1977 SvUVX(sv) = U_V(SvNVX(sv));
1978 if ((NV)(SvUVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
1979 if (SvUVX(sv) == UV_MAX) {
1980 /* As we know that NVs don't preserve UVs, UV_MAX cannot
1981 possibly be preserved by NV. Hence, it must be overflow.
1983 return IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_UV;
1985 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Integer is precise. NOK, UOK */
1987 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
1989 return IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_IV;
1991 #endif /* !NV_PRESERVES_UV*/
1996 Return the integer value of an SV, doing any necessary string conversion,
1997 magic etc. Normally used via the C<SvIV(sv)> and C<SvIVx(sv)> macros.
2003 Perl_sv_2iv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2007 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2012 return I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2014 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
2017 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2018 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2024 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
2027 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,numer)) &&
2028 (SvTYPE(tmpstr) != SVt_RV || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
2029 return SvIV(tmpstr);
2030 return PTR2IV(SvRV(sv));
2032 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv)) {
2033 sv_force_normal(sv);
2035 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
2036 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
2043 return (IV)(SvUVX(sv));
2050 /* erm. not sure. *should* never get NOKp (without NOK) from sv_2nv
2051 * without also getting a cached IV/UV from it at the same time
2052 * (ie PV->NV conversion should detect loss of accuracy and cache
2053 * IV or UV at same time to avoid this. NWC */
2055 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_NV)
2056 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2058 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv); /* Must do this first, to clear any SvOOK */
2059 /* < not <= as for NV doesn't preserve UV, ((NV)IV_MAX+1) will almost
2060 certainly cast into the IV range at IV_MAX, whereas the correct
2061 answer is the UV IV_MAX +1. Hence < ensures that dodgy boundary
2063 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2064 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2065 if (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvIVX(sv)
2066 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2067 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2068 (UV)(SvIVX(sv) > 0 ? SvIVX(sv) : -SvIVX(sv)))
2069 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2070 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2071 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2074 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Can this go wrong with rounding? NWC */
2075 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2076 "0x%"UVxf" iv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (precise)\n",
2082 /* IV not precise. No need to convert from PV, as NV
2083 conversion would already have cached IV if it detected
2084 that PV->IV would be better than PV->NV->IV
2085 flags already correct - don't set public IOK. */
2086 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2087 "0x%"UVxf" iv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (imprecise)\n",
2092 /* Can the above go wrong if SvIVX == IV_MIN and SvNVX < IV_MIN,
2093 but the cast (NV)IV_MIN rounds to a the value less (more
2094 negative) than IV_MIN which happens to be equal to SvNVX ??
2095 Analogous to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF rounding up to NV (2**64) and
2096 NV rounding back to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, so UVX == UV(NVX) and
2097 (NV)UVX == NVX are both true, but the values differ. :-(
2098 Hopefully for 2s complement IV_MIN is something like
2099 0x8000000000000000 which will be exact. NWC */
2102 SvUVX(sv) = U_V(SvNVX(sv));
2104 (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvUVX(sv))
2105 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2106 /* Make sure it's not 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF */
2107 /*&& (SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX) irrelevant with code below */
2108 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) > SvUVX(sv))
2109 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2110 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2111 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2117 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2118 "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%"UVuf" => %"IVdf") (as unsigned)\n",
2122 return (IV)SvUVX(sv);
2125 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
2127 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
2128 /* We want to avoid a possible problem when we cache an IV which
2129 may be later translated to an NV, and the resulting NV is not
2130 the same as the direct translation of the initial string
2131 (eg 123.456 can shortcut to the IV 123 with atol(), but we must
2132 be careful to ensure that the value with the .456 is around if the
2133 NV value is requested in the future).
2135 This means that if we cache such an IV, we need to cache the
2136 NV as well. Moreover, we trade speed for space, and do not
2137 cache the NV if we are sure it's not needed.
2140 /* SVt_PVNV is one higher than SVt_PVIV, hence this order */
2141 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2142 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2143 /* It's definitely an integer, only upgrade to PVIV */
2144 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
2145 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
2147 } else if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2148 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2150 /* If NV preserves UV then we only use the UV value if we know that
2151 we aren't going to call atof() below. If NVs don't preserve UVs
2152 then the value returned may have more precision than atof() will
2153 return, even though value isn't perfectly accurate. */
2154 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV
2155 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2158 )) == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2159 /* This won't turn off the public IOK flag if it was set above */
2160 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2162 if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG)) {
2164 if (value <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2165 SvIVX(sv) = (IV)value;
2171 /* 2s complement assumption */
2172 if (value <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
2173 SvIVX(sv) = -(IV)value;
2175 /* Too negative for an IV. This is a double upgrade, but
2176 I'm assuming it will be rare. */
2177 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2178 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2182 SvNVX(sv) = -(NV)value;
2187 /* For !NV_PRESERVES_UV and IS_NUMBER_IN_UV and IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT we
2188 will be in the previous block to set the IV slot, and the next
2189 block to set the NV slot. So no else here. */
2191 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2192 != IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2193 /* It wasn't an (integer that doesn't overflow the UV). */
2194 SvNVX(sv) = Atof(SvPVX(sv));
2196 if (! numtype && ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
2199 #if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
2200 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
2201 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
2203 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%"NVgf")\n",
2204 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
2208 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2209 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2211 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2212 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2213 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2216 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
2218 /* UV will not work better than IV */
2220 if (SvNVX(sv) > (NV)UV_MAX) {
2222 /* Integer is inaccurate. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
2226 SvUVX(sv) = U_V(SvNVX(sv));
2227 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF not an issue in here */
2228 if ((NV)(SvUVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2232 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
2238 #else /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2239 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2240 == (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT)) {
2241 /* The IV slot will have been set from value returned by
2242 grok_number above. The NV slot has just been set using
2245 assert (SvIOKp(sv));
2247 if (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2248 U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))) {
2249 /* Small enough to preserve all bits. */
2250 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2252 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2253 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv))
2255 /* Assumption: first non-preserved integer is < IV_MAX,
2256 this NV is in the preserved range, therefore: */
2257 if (!(U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))
2259 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sv_2iv assumed (U_V(fabs(SvNVX(sv))) < (UV)IV_MAX) but SvNVX(sv)=%"NVgf" U_V is 0x%"UVxf", IV_MAX is 0x%"UVxf"\n", SvNVX(sv), U_V(SvNVX(sv)), (UV)IV_MAX);
2263 0 0 already failed to read UV.
2264 0 1 already failed to read UV.
2265 1 0 you won't get here in this case. IV/UV
2266 slot set, public IOK, Atof() unneeded.
2267 1 1 already read UV.
2268 so there's no point in sv_2iuv_non_preserve() attempting
2269 to use atol, strtol, strtoul etc. */
2270 if (sv_2iuv_non_preserve (sv, numtype)
2271 >= IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_IV)
2275 #endif /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2278 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP))
2280 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_IV)
2281 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
2282 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
2285 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%"IVdf")\n",
2286 PTR2UV(sv),SvIVX(sv)));
2287 return SvIsUV(sv) ? (IV)SvUVX(sv) : SvIVX(sv);
2293 Return the unsigned integer value of an SV, doing any necessary string
2294 conversion, magic etc. Normally used via the C<SvUV(sv)> and C<SvUVx(sv)>
2301 Perl_sv_2uv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2305 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2310 return U_V(SvNVX(sv));
2311 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
2314 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2315 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2321 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
2324 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,numer)) &&
2325 (SvTYPE(tmpstr) != SVt_RV || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
2326 return SvUV(tmpstr);
2327 return PTR2UV(SvRV(sv));
2329 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv)) {
2330 sv_force_normal(sv);
2332 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
2333 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
2343 return (UV)SvIVX(sv);
2347 /* erm. not sure. *should* never get NOKp (without NOK) from sv_2nv
2348 * without also getting a cached IV/UV from it at the same time
2349 * (ie PV->NV conversion should detect loss of accuracy and cache
2350 * IV or UV at same time to avoid this. */
2351 /* IV-over-UV optimisation - choose to cache IV if possible */
2353 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_NV)
2354 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2356 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv); /* Must do this first, to clear any SvOOK */
2357 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2358 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2359 if (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvIVX(sv)
2360 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2361 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2362 (UV)(SvIVX(sv) > 0 ? SvIVX(sv) : -SvIVX(sv)))
2363 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2364 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2365 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2368 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Can this go wrong with rounding? NWC */
2369 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2370 "0x%"UVxf" uv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (precise)\n",
2376 /* IV not precise. No need to convert from PV, as NV
2377 conversion would already have cached IV if it detected
2378 that PV->IV would be better than PV->NV->IV
2379 flags already correct - don't set public IOK. */
2380 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2381 "0x%"UVxf" uv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (imprecise)\n",
2386 /* Can the above go wrong if SvIVX == IV_MIN and SvNVX < IV_MIN,
2387 but the cast (NV)IV_MIN rounds to a the value less (more
2388 negative) than IV_MIN which happens to be equal to SvNVX ??
2389 Analogous to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF rounding up to NV (2**64) and
2390 NV rounding back to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, so UVX == UV(NVX) and
2391 (NV)UVX == NVX are both true, but the values differ. :-(
2392 Hopefully for 2s complement IV_MIN is something like
2393 0x8000000000000000 which will be exact. NWC */
2396 SvUVX(sv) = U_V(SvNVX(sv));
2398 (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvUVX(sv))
2399 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2400 /* Make sure it's not 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF */
2401 /*&& (SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX) irrelevant with code below */
2402 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) > SvUVX(sv))
2403 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2404 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2405 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2410 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2411 "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%"UVuf" => %"IVdf") (as unsigned)\n",
2417 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
2419 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
2421 /* We want to avoid a possible problem when we cache a UV which
2422 may be later translated to an NV, and the resulting NV is not
2423 the translation of the initial data.
2425 This means that if we cache such a UV, we need to cache the
2426 NV as well. Moreover, we trade speed for space, and do not
2427 cache the NV if not needed.
2430 /* SVt_PVNV is one higher than SVt_PVIV, hence this order */
2431 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2432 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2433 /* It's definitely an integer, only upgrade to PVIV */
2434 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
2435 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
2437 } else if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2438 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2440 /* If NV preserves UV then we only use the UV value if we know that
2441 we aren't going to call atof() below. If NVs don't preserve UVs
2442 then the value returned may have more precision than atof() will
2443 return, even though it isn't accurate. */
2444 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV
2445 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2448 )) == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2449 /* This won't turn off the public IOK flag if it was set above */
2450 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2452 if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG)) {
2454 if (value <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2455 SvIVX(sv) = (IV)value;
2457 /* it didn't overflow, and it was positive. */
2462 /* 2s complement assumption */
2463 if (value <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
2464 SvIVX(sv) = -(IV)value;
2466 /* Too negative for an IV. This is a double upgrade, but
2467 I'm assuming it will be rare. */
2468 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2469 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2473 SvNVX(sv) = -(NV)value;
2479 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2480 != IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2481 /* It wasn't an integer, or it overflowed the UV. */
2482 SvNVX(sv) = Atof(SvPVX(sv));
2484 if (! numtype && ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
2487 #if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
2488 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
2489 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
2491 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%"NVgf")\n",
2492 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
2495 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2496 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2498 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2499 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2500 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2503 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
2505 /* UV will not work better than IV */
2507 if (SvNVX(sv) > (NV)UV_MAX) {
2509 /* Integer is inaccurate. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
2513 SvUVX(sv) = U_V(SvNVX(sv));
2514 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF not an issue in here, NVs
2515 NV preservse UV so can do correct comparison. */
2516 if ((NV)(SvUVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2520 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
2525 #else /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2526 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2527 == (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT)) {
2528 /* The UV slot will have been set from value returned by
2529 grok_number above. The NV slot has just been set using
2532 assert (SvIOKp(sv));
2534 if (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2535 U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))) {
2536 /* Small enough to preserve all bits. */
2537 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2539 SvIVX(sv) = I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2540 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv))
2542 /* Assumption: first non-preserved integer is < IV_MAX,
2543 this NV is in the preserved range, therefore: */
2544 if (!(U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))
2546 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sv_2uv assumed (U_V(fabs(SvNVX(sv))) < (UV)IV_MAX) but SvNVX(sv)=%"NVgf" U_V is 0x%"UVxf", IV_MAX is 0x%"UVxf"\n", SvNVX(sv), U_V(SvNVX(sv)), (UV)IV_MAX);
2549 sv_2iuv_non_preserve (sv, numtype);
2551 #endif /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2555 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2556 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2559 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_IV)
2560 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
2561 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
2565 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%"UVuf")\n",
2566 PTR2UV(sv),SvUVX(sv)));
2567 return SvIsUV(sv) ? SvUVX(sv) : (UV)SvIVX(sv);
2573 Return the num value of an SV, doing any necessary string or integer
2574 conversion, magic etc. Normally used via the C<SvNV(sv)> and C<SvNVx(sv)>
2581 Perl_sv_2nv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2585 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2589 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
2590 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC) && !SvIOKp(sv) &&
2591 !grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), NULL))
2593 return Atof(SvPVX(sv));
2597 return (NV)SvUVX(sv);
2599 return (NV)SvIVX(sv);
2602 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2603 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2609 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
2612 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,numer)) &&
2613 (SvTYPE(tmpstr) != SVt_RV || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
2614 return SvNV(tmpstr);
2615 return PTR2NV(SvRV(sv));
2617 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv)) {
2618 sv_force_normal(sv);
2620 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
2621 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
2626 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_NV) {
2627 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV)
2628 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2630 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_NV);
2631 #ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
2633 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
2634 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2635 "0x%"UVxf" num(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
2636 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
2637 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
2641 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
2642 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" num(%"NVgf")\n",
2643 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
2644 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
2648 else if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2649 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2654 SvNVX(sv) = SvIsUV(sv) ? (NV)SvUVX(sv) : (NV)SvIVX(sv);
2655 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2658 /* Only set the public NV OK flag if this NV preserves the IV */
2659 /* Check it's not 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF */
2660 if (SvIsUV(sv) ? ((SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX)&&(SvUVX(sv) == U_V(SvNVX(sv))))
2661 : (SvIVX(sv) == I_V(SvNVX(sv))))
2667 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
2669 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
2670 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC) && !SvIOKp(sv) && !numtype)
2672 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2673 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2674 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2675 /* It's definitely an integer */
2676 SvNVX(sv) = (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) ? -(NV)value : (NV)value;
2678 SvNVX(sv) = Atof(SvPVX(sv));
2681 SvNVX(sv) = Atof(SvPVX(sv));
2682 /* Only set the public NV OK flag if this NV preserves the value in
2683 the PV at least as well as an IV/UV would.
2684 Not sure how to do this 100% reliably. */
2685 /* if that shift count is out of range then Configure's test is
2686 wonky. We shouldn't be in here with NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS ==
2688 if (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2689 U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))) {
2690 SvNOK_on(sv); /* Definitely small enough to preserve all bits */
2691 } else if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_IN_UV)) {
2692 /* Can't use strtol etc to convert this string, so don't try.
2693 sv_2iv and sv_2uv will use the NV to convert, not the PV. */
2696 /* value has been set. It may not be precise. */
2697 if ((numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) && (value > (UV)IV_MIN)) {
2698 /* 2s complement assumption for (UV)IV_MIN */
2699 SvNOK_on(sv); /* Integer is too negative. */
2704 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) {
2705 SvIVX(sv) = -(IV)value;
2706 } else if (value <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2707 SvIVX(sv) = (IV)value;
2713 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT) {
2714 /* I believe that even if the original PV had decimals,
2715 they are lost beyond the limit of the FP precision.
2716 However, neither is canonical, so both only get p
2717 flags. NWC, 2000/11/25 */
2718 /* Both already have p flags, so do nothing */
2721 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2722 if (SvIVX(sv) == I_V(nv)) {
2727 /* It had no "." so it must be integer. */
2730 /* between IV_MAX and NV(UV_MAX).
2731 Could be slightly > UV_MAX */
2733 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT) {
2734 /* UV and NV both imprecise. */
2736 UV nv_as_uv = U_V(nv);
2738 if (value == nv_as_uv && SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX) {
2749 #endif /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2752 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP))
2754 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_NV)
2755 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
2756 /* XXX Ilya implies that this is a bug in callers that assume this
2757 and ideally should be fixed. */
2758 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_NV);
2761 #if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
2763 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
2764 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2nv(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
2765 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
2766 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
2770 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
2771 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 1nv(%"NVgf")\n",
2772 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
2773 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
2779 /* asIV(): extract an integer from the string value of an SV.
2780 * Caller must validate PVX */
2783 S_asIV(pTHX_ SV *sv)
2786 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
2788 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2789 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2790 /* It's definitely an integer */
2791 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) {
2792 if (value < (UV)IV_MIN)
2795 if (value < (UV)IV_MAX)
2800 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
2803 return I_V(Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
2806 /* asUV(): extract an unsigned integer from the string value of an SV
2807 * Caller must validate PVX */
2810 S_asUV(pTHX_ SV *sv)
2813 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
2815 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2816 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2817 /* It's definitely an integer */
2818 if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG))
2822 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
2825 return U_V(Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
2829 =for apidoc sv_2pv_nolen
2831 Like C<sv_2pv()>, but doesn't return the length too. You should usually
2832 use the macro wrapper C<SvPV_nolen(sv)> instead.
2837 Perl_sv_2pv_nolen(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2840 return sv_2pv(sv, &n_a);
2843 /* uiv_2buf(): private routine for use by sv_2pv_flags(): print an IV or
2844 * UV as a string towards the end of buf, and return pointers to start and
2847 * We assume that buf is at least TYPE_CHARS(UV) long.
2851 uiv_2buf(char *buf, IV iv, UV uv, int is_uv, char **peob)
2853 char *ptr = buf + TYPE_CHARS(UV);
2867 *--ptr = '0' + (uv % 10);
2875 /* For backwards-compatibility only. sv_2pv() is normally #def'ed to
2876 * C<sv_2pv_macro()>. See also C<sv_2pv_flags()>.
2880 Perl_sv_2pv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp)
2882 return sv_2pv_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC);
2886 =for apidoc sv_2pv_flags
2888 Returns a pointer to the string value of an SV, and sets *lp to its length.
2889 If flags includes SV_GMAGIC, does an mg_get() first. Coerces sv to a string
2891 Normally invoked via the C<SvPV_flags> macro. C<sv_2pv()> and C<sv_2pv_nomg>
2892 usually end up here too.
2898 Perl_sv_2pv_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp, I32 flags)
2903 char tbuf[64]; /* Must fit sprintf/Gconvert of longest IV/NV */
2904 char *tmpbuf = tbuf;
2910 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2911 if (flags & SV_GMAGIC)
2919 (void)sprintf(tmpbuf,"%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
2921 (void)sprintf(tmpbuf,"%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
2926 Gconvert(SvNVX(sv), NV_DIG, 0, tmpbuf);
2931 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2932 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2939 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
2942 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,string)) &&
2943 (SvTYPE(tmpstr) != SVt_RV || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
2944 return SvPV(tmpstr,*lp);
2951 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
2953 if ( ((SvFLAGS(sv) &
2954 (SVs_OBJECT|SVf_OK|SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
2955 == (SVs_OBJECT|SVs_RMG))
2956 && strEQ(s=HvNAME(SvSTASH(sv)), "Regexp")
2957 && (mg = mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_qr))) {
2958 regexp *re = (regexp *)mg->mg_obj;
2961 char *fptr = "msix";
2966 U16 reganch = (re->reganch & PMf_COMPILETIME) >> 12;
2968 while((ch = *fptr++)) {
2970 reflags[left++] = ch;
2973 reflags[right--] = ch;
2978 reflags[left] = '-';
2982 mg->mg_len = re->prelen + 4 + left;
2983 New(616, mg->mg_ptr, mg->mg_len + 1 + left, char);
2984 Copy("(?", mg->mg_ptr, 2, char);
2985 Copy(reflags, mg->mg_ptr+2, left, char);
2986 Copy(":", mg->mg_ptr+left+2, 1, char);
2987 Copy(re->precomp, mg->mg_ptr+3+left, re->prelen, char);
2988 mg->mg_ptr[mg->mg_len - 1] = ')';
2989 mg->mg_ptr[mg->mg_len] = 0;
2991 PL_reginterp_cnt += re->program[0].next_off;
3003 case SVt_PVBM: if (SvROK(sv))
3006 s = "SCALAR"; break;
3007 case SVt_PVLV: s = "LVALUE"; break;
3008 case SVt_PVAV: s = "ARRAY"; break;
3009 case SVt_PVHV: s = "HASH"; break;
3010 case SVt_PVCV: s = "CODE"; break;
3011 case SVt_PVGV: s = "GLOB"; break;
3012 case SVt_PVFM: s = "FORMAT"; break;
3013 case SVt_PVIO: s = "IO"; break;
3014 default: s = "UNKNOWN"; break;
3018 HV *svs = SvSTASH(sv);
3021 /* [20011101.072] This bandaid for C<package;>
3022 should eventually be removed. AMS 20011103 */
3023 (svs ? HvNAME(svs) : "<none>"), s
3028 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ tsv, "(0x%"UVxf")", PTR2UV(sv));
3034 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
3035 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
3041 if (SvIOK(sv) || ((SvIOKp(sv) && !SvNOKp(sv)))) {
3042 /* I'm assuming that if both IV and NV are equally valid then
3043 converting the IV is going to be more efficient */
3044 U32 isIOK = SvIOK(sv);
3045 U32 isUIOK = SvIsUV(sv);
3046 char buf[TYPE_CHARS(UV)];
3049 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
3050 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
3052 ptr = uiv_2buf(buf, 0, SvUVX(sv), 1, &ebuf);
3054 ptr = uiv_2buf(buf, SvIVX(sv), 0, 0, &ebuf);
3055 SvGROW(sv, ebuf - ptr + 1); /* inlined from sv_setpvn */
3056 Move(ptr,SvPVX(sv),ebuf - ptr,char);
3057 SvCUR_set(sv, ebuf - ptr);
3067 else if (SvNOKp(sv)) {
3068 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
3069 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
3070 /* The +20 is pure guesswork. Configure test needed. --jhi */
3071 SvGROW(sv, NV_DIG + 20);
3073 olderrno = errno; /* some Xenix systems wipe out errno here */
3075 if (SvNVX(sv) == 0.0)
3076 (void)strcpy(s,"0");
3080 Gconvert(SvNVX(sv), NV_DIG, 0, s);
3083 #ifdef FIXNEGATIVEZERO
3084 if (*s == '-' && s[1] == '0' && !s[2])
3094 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)
3095 && !PL_localizing && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP))
3098 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PV)
3099 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
3100 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PV);
3103 *lp = s - SvPVX(sv);
3106 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2pv(%s)\n",
3107 PTR2UV(sv),SvPVX(sv)));
3111 if (SvROK(sv)) { /* XXX Skip this when sv_pvn_force calls */
3112 /* Sneaky stuff here */
3116 tsv = newSVpv(tmpbuf, 0);
3132 len = strlen(tmpbuf);
3134 #ifdef FIXNEGATIVEZERO
3135 if (len == 2 && t[0] == '-' && t[1] == '0') {
3140 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
3142 s = SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
3151 =for apidoc sv_copypv
3153 Copies a stringified representation of the source SV into the
3154 destination SV. Automatically performs any necessary mg_get and
3155 coercion of numeric values into strings. Guaranteed to preserve
3156 UTF-8 flag even from overloaded objects. Similar in nature to
3157 sv_2pv[_flags] but operates directly on an SV instead of just the
3158 string. Mostly uses sv_2pv_flags to do its work, except when that
3159 would lose the UTF-8'ness of the PV.
3165 Perl_sv_copypv(pTHX_ SV *dsv, register SV *ssv)
3167 SV *tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
3169 if ( SvTHINKFIRST(ssv) && SvROK(ssv) && SvAMAGIC(ssv) ) {
3170 tmpsv = AMG_CALLun(ssv,string);
3171 if (SvTYPE(tmpsv) != SVt_RV || (SvRV(tmpsv) != SvRV(ssv))) {
3180 sv_setpvn(tmpsv,s,len);
3190 =for apidoc sv_2pvbyte_nolen
3192 Return a pointer to the byte-encoded representation of the SV.
3193 May cause the SV to be downgraded from UTF8 as a side-effect.
3195 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVbyte_nolen> macro.
3201 Perl_sv_2pvbyte_nolen(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3204 return sv_2pvbyte(sv, &n_a);
3208 =for apidoc sv_2pvbyte
3210 Return a pointer to the byte-encoded representation of the SV, and set *lp
3211 to its length. May cause the SV to be downgraded from UTF8 as a
3214 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVbyte> macro.
3220 Perl_sv_2pvbyte(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp)
3222 sv_utf8_downgrade(sv,0);
3223 return SvPV(sv,*lp);
3227 =for apidoc sv_2pvutf8_nolen
3229 Return a pointer to the UTF8-encoded representation of the SV.
3230 May cause the SV to be upgraded to UTF8 as a side-effect.
3232 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVutf8_nolen> macro.
3238 Perl_sv_2pvutf8_nolen(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3241 return sv_2pvutf8(sv, &n_a);
3245 =for apidoc sv_2pvutf8
3247 Return a pointer to the UTF8-encoded representation of the SV, and set *lp
3248 to its length. May cause the SV to be upgraded to UTF8 as a side-effect.
3250 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVutf8> macro.
3256 Perl_sv_2pvutf8(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp)
3258 sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
3259 return SvPV(sv,*lp);
3263 =for apidoc sv_2bool
3265 This function is only called on magical items, and is only used by
3266 sv_true() or its macro equivalent.
3272 Perl_sv_2bool(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3281 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpsv=AMG_CALLun(sv,bool_)) &&
3282 (!SvROK(tmpsv) || (SvRV(tmpsv) != SvRV(sv))))
3283 return SvTRUE(tmpsv);
3284 return SvRV(sv) != 0;
3287 register XPV* Xpvtmp;
3288 if ((Xpvtmp = (XPV*)SvANY(sv)) &&
3289 (*Xpvtmp->xpv_pv > '0' ||
3290 Xpvtmp->xpv_cur > 1 ||
3291 (Xpvtmp->xpv_cur && *Xpvtmp->xpv_pv != '0')))
3298 return SvIVX(sv) != 0;
3301 return SvNVX(sv) != 0.0;
3309 =for apidoc sv_utf8_upgrade
3311 Convert the PV of an SV to its UTF8-encoded form.
3312 Forces the SV to string form if it is not already.
3313 Always sets the SvUTF8 flag to avoid future validity checks even
3314 if all the bytes have hibit clear.
3320 Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3322 return sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC);
3326 =for apidoc sv_utf8_upgrade_flags
3328 Convert the PV of an SV to its UTF8-encoded form.
3329 Forces the SV to string form if it is not already.
3330 Always sets the SvUTF8 flag to avoid future validity checks even
3331 if all the bytes have hibit clear. If C<flags> has C<SV_GMAGIC> bit set,
3332 will C<mg_get> on C<sv> if appropriate, else not. C<sv_utf8_upgrade> and
3333 C<sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg> are implemented in terms of this function.
3339 Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, I32 flags)
3349 (void) sv_2pv_flags(sv,&len, flags);
3357 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv)) {
3358 sv_force_normal(sv);
3362 Perl_sv_recode_to_utf8(aTHX_ sv, PL_encoding);
3363 else { /* Assume Latin-1/EBCDIC */
3364 /* This function could be much more efficient if we
3365 * had a FLAG in SVs to signal if there are any hibit
3366 * chars in the PV. Given that there isn't such a flag
3367 * make the loop as fast as possible. */
3368 s = (U8 *) SvPVX(sv);
3369 e = (U8 *) SvEND(sv);
3373 if ((hibit = !NATIVE_IS_INVARIANT(ch)))
3379 len = SvCUR(sv) + 1; /* Plus the \0 */
3380 SvPVX(sv) = (char*)bytes_to_utf8((U8*)s, &len);
3381 SvCUR(sv) = len - 1;
3383 Safefree(s); /* No longer using what was there before. */
3384 SvLEN(sv) = len; /* No longer know the real size. */
3386 /* Mark as UTF-8 even if no hibit - saves scanning loop */
3393 =for apidoc sv_utf8_downgrade
3395 Attempt to convert the PV of an SV from UTF8-encoded to byte encoding.
3396 This may not be possible if the PV contains non-byte encoding characters;
3397 if this is the case, either returns false or, if C<fail_ok> is not
3404 Perl_sv_utf8_downgrade(pTHX_ register SV* sv, bool fail_ok)
3406 if (SvPOK(sv) && SvUTF8(sv)) {
3411 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && SvFAKE(sv))
3412 sv_force_normal(sv);
3413 s = (U8 *) SvPV(sv, len);
3414 if (!utf8_to_bytes(s, &len)) {
3419 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wide character in %s",
3422 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wide character");
3433 =for apidoc sv_utf8_encode
3435 Convert the PV of an SV to UTF8-encoded, but then turn off the C<SvUTF8>
3436 flag so that it looks like octets again. Used as a building block
3437 for encode_utf8 in Encode.xs
3443 Perl_sv_utf8_encode(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3445 (void) sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
3450 =for apidoc sv_utf8_decode
3452 Convert the octets in the PV from UTF-8 to chars. Scan for validity and then
3453 turn off SvUTF8 if needed so that we see characters. Used as a building block
3454 for decode_utf8 in Encode.xs
3460 Perl_sv_utf8_decode(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3466 /* The octets may have got themselves encoded - get them back as
3469 if (!sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, TRUE))
3472 /* it is actually just a matter of turning the utf8 flag on, but
3473 * we want to make sure everything inside is valid utf8 first.
3475 c = (U8 *) SvPVX(sv);
3476 if (!is_utf8_string(c, SvCUR(sv)+1))
3478 e = (U8 *) SvEND(sv);
3481 if (!UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(ch)) {
3491 =for apidoc sv_setsv
3493 Copies the contents of the source SV C<ssv> into the destination SV
3494 C<dsv>. The source SV may be destroyed if it is mortal, so don't use this
3495 function if the source SV needs to be reused. Does not handle 'set' magic.
3496 Loosely speaking, it performs a copy-by-value, obliterating any previous
3497 content of the destination.
3499 You probably want to use one of the assortment of wrappers, such as
3500 C<SvSetSV>, C<SvSetSV_nosteal>, C<SvSetMagicSV> and
3501 C<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>.
3507 /* sv_setsv() is aliased to Perl_sv_setsv_macro; this function provided
3508 for binary compatibility only
3511 Perl_sv_setsv(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr)
3513 sv_setsv_flags(dstr, sstr, SV_GMAGIC);
3517 =for apidoc sv_setsv_flags
3519 Copies the contents of the source SV C<ssv> into the destination SV
3520 C<dsv>. The source SV may be destroyed if it is mortal, so don't use this
3521 function if the source SV needs to be reused. Does not handle 'set' magic.
3522 Loosely speaking, it performs a copy-by-value, obliterating any previous
3523 content of the destination.
3524 If the C<flags> parameter has the C<SV_GMAGIC> bit set, will C<mg_get> on
3525 C<ssv> if appropriate, else not. C<sv_setsv> and C<sv_setsv_nomg> are
3526 implemented in terms of this function.
3528 You probably want to use one of the assortment of wrappers, such as
3529 C<SvSetSV>, C<SvSetSV_nosteal>, C<SvSetMagicSV> and
3530 C<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>.
3532 This is the primary function for copying scalars, and most other
3533 copy-ish functions and macros use this underneath.
3539 Perl_sv_setsv_flags(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr, I32 flags)
3541 register U32 sflags;
3547 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(dstr);
3549 sstr = &PL_sv_undef;
3550 stype = SvTYPE(sstr);
3551 dtype = SvTYPE(dstr);
3555 /* There's a lot of redundancy below but we're going for speed here */
3560 if (dtype != SVt_PVGV) {
3561 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
3569 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_IV);
3572 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
3576 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVIV);
3579 (void)SvIOK_only(dstr);
3580 SvIVX(dstr) = SvIVX(sstr);
3583 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
3594 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_NV);
3599 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
3602 SvNVX(dstr) = SvNVX(sstr);
3603 (void)SvNOK_only(dstr);
3604 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
3612 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_RV);
3613 else if (dtype == SVt_PVGV &&
3614 SvTYPE(SvRV(sstr)) == SVt_PVGV) {
3617 if (GvIMPORTED(dstr) != GVf_IMPORTED
3618 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
3620 GvIMPORTED_on(dstr);
3631 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PV);
3634 if (dtype < SVt_PVIV)
3635 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVIV);
3638 if (dtype < SVt_PVNV)
3639 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
3646 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bizarre copy of %s in %s", sv_reftype(sstr, 0),
3649 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bizarre copy of %s", sv_reftype(sstr, 0));
3653 if (dtype <= SVt_PVGV) {
3655 if (dtype != SVt_PVGV) {
3656 char *name = GvNAME(sstr);
3657 STRLEN len = GvNAMELEN(sstr);
3658 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVGV);
3659 sv_magic(dstr, dstr, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
3660 GvSTASH(dstr) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvSTASH(sstr));
3661 GvNAME(dstr) = savepvn(name, len);
3662 GvNAMELEN(dstr) = len;
3663 SvFAKE_on(dstr); /* can coerce to non-glob */
3665 /* ahem, death to those who redefine active sort subs */
3666 else if (PL_curstackinfo->si_type == PERLSI_SORT
3667 && GvCV(dstr) && PL_sortcop == CvSTART(GvCV(dstr)))
3668 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s",
3671 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
3672 if (GvUNIQUE((GV*)dstr)) {
3673 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
3677 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
3678 GvINTRO_off(dstr); /* one-shot flag */
3680 GvGP(dstr) = gp_ref(GvGP(sstr));
3681 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
3683 if (GvIMPORTED(dstr) != GVf_IMPORTED
3684 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
3686 GvIMPORTED_on(dstr);
3694 if (SvGMAGICAL(sstr) && (flags & SV_GMAGIC)) {
3696 if (SvTYPE(sstr) != stype) {
3697 stype = SvTYPE(sstr);
3698 if (stype == SVt_PVGV && dtype <= SVt_PVGV)
3702 if (stype == SVt_PVLV)
3703 (void)SvUPGRADE(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
3705 (void)SvUPGRADE(dstr, stype);
3708 sflags = SvFLAGS(sstr);
3710 if (sflags & SVf_ROK) {
3711 if (dtype >= SVt_PV) {
3712 if (dtype == SVt_PVGV) {
3713 SV *sref = SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(sstr));
3715 int intro = GvINTRO(dstr);
3717 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
3718 if (GvUNIQUE((GV*)dstr)) {
3719 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
3724 GvINTRO_off(dstr); /* one-shot flag */
3725 GvLINE(dstr) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
3726 GvEGV(dstr) = (GV*)dstr;
3729 switch (SvTYPE(sref)) {
3732 SAVESPTR(GvAV(dstr));
3734 dref = (SV*)GvAV(dstr);
3735 GvAV(dstr) = (AV*)sref;
3736 if (!GvIMPORTED_AV(dstr)
3737 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
3739 GvIMPORTED_AV_on(dstr);
3744 SAVESPTR(GvHV(dstr));
3746 dref = (SV*)GvHV(dstr);
3747 GvHV(dstr) = (HV*)sref;
3748 if (!GvIMPORTED_HV(dstr)
3749 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
3751 GvIMPORTED_HV_on(dstr);
3756 if (GvCVGEN(dstr) && GvCV(dstr) != (CV*)sref) {
3757 SvREFCNT_dec(GvCV(dstr));
3758 GvCV(dstr) = Nullcv;
3759 GvCVGEN(dstr) = 0; /* Switch off cacheness. */
3760 PL_sub_generation++;
3762 SAVESPTR(GvCV(dstr));
3765 dref = (SV*)GvCV(dstr);
3766 if (GvCV(dstr) != (CV*)sref) {
3767 CV* cv = GvCV(dstr);
3769 if (!GvCVGEN((GV*)dstr) &&
3770 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
3772 /* ahem, death to those who redefine
3773 * active sort subs */
3774 if (PL_curstackinfo->si_type == PERLSI_SORT &&
3775 PL_sortcop == CvSTART(cv))
3777 "Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s",
3778 GvENAME((GV*)dstr));
3779 /* Redefining a sub - warning is mandatory if
3780 it was a const and its value changed. */
3781 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)
3783 && (!CvCONST((CV*)sref)
3784 || sv_cmp(cv_const_sv(cv),
3785 cv_const_sv((CV*)sref)))))
3787 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_REDEFINE,
3789 ? "Constant subroutine %s redefined"
3790 : "Subroutine %s redefined",
3791 GvENAME((GV*)dstr));
3795 cv_ckproto(cv, (GV*)dstr,
3796 SvPOK(sref) ? SvPVX(sref) : Nullch);
3798 GvCV(dstr) = (CV*)sref;
3799 GvCVGEN(dstr) = 0; /* Switch off cacheness. */
3800 GvASSUMECV_on(dstr);
3801 PL_sub_generation++;
3803 if (!GvIMPORTED_CV(dstr)
3804 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
3806 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(dstr);
3811 SAVESPTR(GvIOp(dstr));
3813 dref = (SV*)GvIOp(dstr);
3814 GvIOp(dstr) = (IO*)sref;
3818 SAVESPTR(GvFORM(dstr));
3820 dref = (SV*)GvFORM(dstr);
3821 GvFORM(dstr) = (CV*)sref;
3825 SAVESPTR(GvSV(dstr));
3827 dref = (SV*)GvSV(dstr);
3829 if (!GvIMPORTED_SV(dstr)
3830 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
3832 GvIMPORTED_SV_on(dstr);
3840 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
3845 (void)SvOOK_off(dstr); /* backoff */
3847 Safefree(SvPVX(dstr));
3848 SvLEN(dstr)=SvCUR(dstr)=0;
3851 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
3852 SvRV(dstr) = SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(sstr));
3854 if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
3856 /* Only set the public OK flag if the source has public OK. */
3857 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
3858 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_NOK;
3859 SvNVX(dstr) = SvNVX(sstr);
3861 if (sflags & SVp_IOK) {
3862 (void)SvIOKp_on(dstr);
3863 if (sflags & SVf_IOK)
3864 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_IOK;
3865 if (sflags & SVf_IVisUV)
3867 SvIVX(dstr) = SvIVX(sstr);
3869 if (SvAMAGIC(sstr)) {
3873 else if (sflags & SVp_POK) {
3876 * Check to see if we can just swipe the string. If so, it's a
3877 * possible small lose on short strings, but a big win on long ones.
3878 * It might even be a win on short strings if SvPVX(dstr)
3879 * has to be allocated and SvPVX(sstr) has to be freed.
3882 if (SvTEMP(sstr) && /* slated for free anyway? */
3883 SvREFCNT(sstr) == 1 && /* and no other references to it? */
3884 !(sflags & SVf_OOK) && /* and not involved in OOK hack? */
3885 SvLEN(sstr) && /* and really is a string */
3886 /* and won't be needed again, potentially */
3887 !(PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_AASSIGN))
3889 if (SvPVX(dstr)) { /* we know that dtype >= SVt_PV */
3891 SvFLAGS(dstr) &= ~SVf_OOK;
3892 Safefree(SvPVX(dstr) - SvIVX(dstr));
3894 else if (SvLEN(dstr))
3895 Safefree(SvPVX(dstr));
3897 (void)SvPOK_only(dstr);
3898 SvPV_set(dstr, SvPVX(sstr));
3899 SvLEN_set(dstr, SvLEN(sstr));
3900 SvCUR_set(dstr, SvCUR(sstr));
3903 (void)SvOK_off(sstr); /* NOTE: nukes most SvFLAGS on sstr */
3904 SvPV_set(sstr, Nullch);
3909 else { /* have to copy actual string */
3910 STRLEN len = SvCUR(sstr);
3912 SvGROW(dstr, len + 1); /* inlined from sv_setpvn */
3913 Move(SvPVX(sstr),SvPVX(dstr),len,char);
3914 SvCUR_set(dstr, len);
3915 *SvEND(dstr) = '\0';
3916 (void)SvPOK_only(dstr);
3918 if (sflags & SVf_UTF8)
3921 if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
3923 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
3924 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_NOK;
3925 SvNVX(dstr) = SvNVX(sstr);
3927 if (sflags & SVp_IOK) {
3928 (void)SvIOKp_on(dstr);
3929 if (sflags & SVf_IOK)
3930 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_IOK;
3931 if (sflags & SVf_IVisUV)
3933 SvIVX(dstr) = SvIVX(sstr);
3936 else if (sflags & SVp_IOK) {
3937 if (sflags & SVf_IOK)
3938 (void)SvIOK_only(dstr);
3940 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
3941 (void)SvIOKp_on(dstr);
3943 /* XXXX Do we want to set IsUV for IV(ROK)? Be extra safe... */
3944 if (sflags & SVf_IVisUV)
3946 SvIVX(dstr) = SvIVX(sstr);
3947 if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
3948 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
3949 (void)SvNOK_on(dstr);
3951 (void)SvNOKp_on(dstr);
3952 SvNVX(dstr) = SvNVX(sstr);
3955 else if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
3956 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
3957 (void)SvNOK_only(dstr);
3959 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
3962 SvNVX(dstr) = SvNVX(sstr);
3965 if (dtype == SVt_PVGV) {
3966 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
3967 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MISC, "Undefined value assigned to typeglob");
3970 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
3972 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
3977 =for apidoc sv_setsv_mg
3979 Like C<sv_setsv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
3985 Perl_sv_setsv_mg(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr)
3987 sv_setsv(dstr,sstr);
3992 =for apidoc sv_setpvn
3994 Copies a string into an SV. The C<len> parameter indicates the number of
3995 bytes to be copied. Does not handle 'set' magic. See C<sv_setpvn_mg>.
4001 Perl_sv_setpvn(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr, register STRLEN len)
4003 register char *dptr;
4005 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv);
4011 /* len is STRLEN which is unsigned, need to copy to signed */
4014 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sv_setpvn called with negative strlen");
4016 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
4018 SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
4020 Move(ptr,dptr,len,char);
4023 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv); /* validate pointer */
4028 =for apidoc sv_setpvn_mg
4030 Like C<sv_setpvn>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4036 Perl_sv_setpvn_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr, register STRLEN len)
4038 sv_setpvn(sv,ptr,len);
4043 =for apidoc sv_setpv
4045 Copies a string into an SV. The string must be null-terminated. Does not
4046 handle 'set' magic. See C<sv_setpv_mg>.
4052 Perl_sv_setpv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr)
4054 register STRLEN len;
4056 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv);
4062 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
4064 SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
4065 Move(ptr,SvPVX(sv),len+1,char);
4067 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv); /* validate pointer */
4072 =for apidoc sv_setpv_mg
4074 Like C<sv_setpv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4080 Perl_sv_setpv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr)
4087 =for apidoc sv_usepvn
4089 Tells an SV to use C<ptr> to find its string value. Normally the string is
4090 stored inside the SV but sv_usepvn allows the SV to use an outside string.
4091 The C<ptr> should point to memory that was allocated by C<malloc>. The
4092 string length, C<len>, must be supplied. This function will realloc the
4093 memory pointed to by C<ptr>, so that pointer should not be freed or used by
4094 the programmer after giving it to sv_usepvn. Does not handle 'set' magic.
4095 See C<sv_usepvn_mg>.
4101 Perl_sv_usepvn(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register char *ptr, register STRLEN len)
4103 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv);
4104 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
4109 (void)SvOOK_off(sv);
4110 if (SvPVX(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
4111 Safefree(SvPVX(sv));
4112 Renew(ptr, len+1, char);
4115 SvLEN_set(sv, len+1);
4117 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv); /* validate pointer */
4122 =for apidoc sv_usepvn_mg
4124 Like C<sv_usepvn>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4130 Perl_sv_usepvn_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register char *ptr, register STRLEN len)
4132 sv_usepvn(sv,ptr,len);
4137 =for apidoc sv_force_normal_flags
4139 Undo various types of fakery on an SV: if the PV is a shared string, make
4140 a private copy; if we're a ref, stop refing; if we're a glob, downgrade to
4141 an xpvmg. The C<flags> parameter gets passed to C<sv_unref_flags()>
4142 when unrefing. C<sv_force_normal> calls this function with flags set to 0.
4148 Perl_sv_force_normal_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, U32 flags)
4150 if (SvREADONLY(sv)) {
4152 char *pvx = SvPVX(sv);
4153 STRLEN len = SvCUR(sv);
4154 U32 hash = SvUVX(sv);
4155 SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
4156 Move(pvx,SvPVX(sv),len,char);
4160 unsharepvn(pvx, SvUTF8(sv) ? -(I32)len : len, hash);
4162 else if (PL_curcop != &PL_compiling)
4163 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
4166 sv_unref_flags(sv, flags);
4167 else if (SvFAKE(sv) && SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV)
4172 =for apidoc sv_force_normal
4174 Undo various types of fakery on an SV: if the PV is a shared string, make
4175 a private copy; if we're a ref, stop refing; if we're a glob, downgrade to
4176 an xpvmg. See also C<sv_force_normal_flags>.
4182 Perl_sv_force_normal(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
4184 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
4190 Efficient removal of characters from the beginning of the string buffer.
4191 SvPOK(sv) must be true and the C<ptr> must be a pointer to somewhere inside
4192 the string buffer. The C<ptr> becomes the first character of the adjusted
4193 string. Uses the "OOK hack".
4199 Perl_sv_chop(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register char *ptr)
4201 register STRLEN delta;
4203 if (!ptr || !SvPOKp(sv))
4205 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv);
4206 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
4207 sv_upgrade(sv,SVt_PVIV);
4210 if (!SvLEN(sv)) { /* make copy of shared string */
4211 char *pvx = SvPVX(sv);
4212 STRLEN len = SvCUR(sv);
4213 SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
4214 Move(pvx,SvPVX(sv),len,char);
4218 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_OOK;
4220 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVf_IVisUV);
4221 delta = ptr - SvPVX(sv);
4229 =for apidoc sv_catpvn
4231 Concatenates the string onto the end of the string which is in the SV. The
4232 C<len> indicates number of bytes to copy. If the SV has the UTF8
4233 status set, then the bytes appended should be valid UTF8.
4234 Handles 'get' magic, but not 'set' magic. See C<sv_catpvn_mg>.
4239 /* sv_catpvn() is aliased to Perl_sv_catpvn_macro; this function provided
4240 for binary compatibility only
4243 Perl_sv_catpvn(pTHX_ SV *dsv, const char* sstr, STRLEN slen)
4245 sv_catpvn_flags(dsv, sstr, slen, SV_GMAGIC);
4249 =for apidoc sv_catpvn_flags
4251 Concatenates the string onto the end of the string which is in the SV. The
4252 C<len> indicates number of bytes to copy. If the SV has the UTF8
4253 status set, then the bytes appended should be valid UTF8.
4254 If C<flags> has C<SV_GMAGIC> bit set, will C<mg_get> on C<dsv> if
4255 appropriate, else not. C<sv_catpvn> and C<sv_catpvn_nomg> are implemented
4256 in terms of this function.
4262 Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(pTHX_ register SV *dsv, register const char *sstr, register STRLEN slen, I32 flags)
4267 dstr = SvPV_force_flags(dsv, dlen, flags);
4268 SvGROW(dsv, dlen + slen + 1);
4271 Move(sstr, SvPVX(dsv) + dlen, slen, char);
4274 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(dsv); /* validate pointer */
4279 =for apidoc sv_catpvn_mg
4281 Like C<sv_catpvn>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4287 Perl_sv_catpvn_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr, register STRLEN len)
4289 sv_catpvn(sv,ptr,len);
4294 =for apidoc sv_catsv
4296 Concatenates the string from SV C<ssv> onto the end of the string in
4297 SV C<dsv>. Modifies C<dsv> but not C<ssv>. Handles 'get' magic, but
4298 not 'set' magic. See C<sv_catsv_mg>.
4302 /* sv_catsv() is aliased to Perl_sv_catsv_macro; this function provided
4303 for binary compatibility only
4306 Perl_sv_catsv(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr)
4308 sv_catsv_flags(dstr, sstr, SV_GMAGIC);
4312 =for apidoc sv_catsv_flags
4314 Concatenates the string from SV C<ssv> onto the end of the string in
4315 SV C<dsv>. Modifies C<dsv> but not C<ssv>. If C<flags> has C<SV_GMAGIC>
4316 bit set, will C<mg_get> on the SVs if appropriate, else not. C<sv_catsv>
4317 and C<sv_catsv_nomg> are implemented in terms of this function.
4322 Perl_sv_catsv_flags(pTHX_ SV *dsv, register SV *ssv, I32 flags)
4328 if ((spv = SvPV(ssv, slen))) {
4329 /* sutf8 and dutf8 were type bool, but under USE_ITHREADS,
4330 gcc version 2.95.2 20000220 (Debian GNU/Linux) for
4331 Linux xxx 2.2.17 on sparc64 with gcc -O2, we erroneously
4332 get dutf8 = 0x20000000, (i.e. SVf_UTF8) even though
4333 dsv->sv_flags doesn't have that bit set.
4334 Andy Dougherty 12 Oct 2001
4336 I32 sutf8 = DO_UTF8(ssv);
4339 if (SvGMAGICAL(dsv) && (flags & SV_GMAGIC))
4341 dutf8 = DO_UTF8(dsv);
4343 if (dutf8 != sutf8) {
4345 /* Not modifying source SV, so taking a temporary copy. */
4346 SV* csv = sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(spv, slen));
4348 sv_utf8_upgrade(csv);
4349 spv = SvPV(csv, slen);
4352 sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(dsv);
4354 sv_catpvn_nomg(dsv, spv, slen);
4359 =for apidoc sv_catsv_mg
4361 Like C<sv_catsv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4367 Perl_sv_catsv_mg(pTHX_ SV *dsv, register SV *ssv)
4374 =for apidoc sv_catpv
4376 Concatenates the string onto the end of the string which is in the SV.
4377 If the SV has the UTF8 status set, then the bytes appended should be
4378 valid UTF8. Handles 'get' magic, but not 'set' magic. See C<sv_catpv_mg>.
4383 Perl_sv_catpv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr)
4385 register STRLEN len;
4391 junk = SvPV_force(sv, tlen);
4393 SvGROW(sv, tlen + len + 1);
4396 Move(ptr,SvPVX(sv)+tlen,len+1,char);
4398 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv); /* validate pointer */
4403 =for apidoc sv_catpv_mg
4405 Like C<sv_catpv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4411 Perl_sv_catpv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register const char *ptr)
4420 Create a new null SV, or if len > 0, create a new empty SVt_PV type SV
4421 with an initial PV allocation of len+1. Normally accessed via the C<NEWSV>
4428 Perl_newSV(pTHX_ STRLEN len)
4434 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PV);
4435 SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
4440 =for apidoc sv_magicext
4442 Adds magic to an SV, upgrading it if necessary. Applies the
4443 supplied vtable and returns pointer to the magic added.
4445 Note that sv_magicext will allow things that sv_magic will not.
4446 In particular you can add magic to SvREADONLY SVs and and more than
4447 one instance of the same 'how'
4449 I C<namelen> is greater then zero then a savepvn() I<copy> of C<name> is stored,
4450 if C<namelen> is zero then C<name> is stored as-is and - as another special
4451 case - if C<(name && namelen == HEf_SVKEY)> then C<name> is assumed to contain
4452 an C<SV*> and has its REFCNT incremented
4454 (This is now used as a subroutine by sv_magic.)
4459 Perl_sv_magicext(pTHX_ SV* sv, SV* obj, int how, MGVTBL *vtable,
4460 const char* name, I32 namlen)
4464 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVMG) {
4465 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PVMG);
4467 Newz(702,mg, 1, MAGIC);
4468 mg->mg_moremagic = SvMAGIC(sv);
4471 /* Some magic sontains a reference loop, where the sv and object refer to
4472 each other. To prevent a reference loop that would prevent such
4473 objects being freed, we look for such loops and if we find one we
4474 avoid incrementing the object refcount. */
4475 if (!obj || obj == sv ||
4476 how == PERL_MAGIC_arylen ||
4477 how == PERL_MAGIC_qr ||
4478 (SvTYPE(obj) == SVt_PVGV &&
4479 (GvSV(obj) == sv || GvHV(obj) == (HV*)sv || GvAV(obj) == (AV*)sv ||
4480 GvCV(obj) == (CV*)sv || GvIOp(obj) == (IO*)sv ||
4481 GvFORM(obj) == (CV*)sv)))
4486 mg->mg_obj = SvREFCNT_inc(obj);
4487 mg->mg_flags |= MGf_REFCOUNTED;
4490 mg->mg_len = namlen;
4493 mg->mg_ptr = savepvn(name, namlen);
4494 else if (namlen == HEf_SVKEY)
4495 mg->mg_ptr = (char*)SvREFCNT_inc((SV*)name);
4497 mg->mg_ptr = (char *) name;
4499 mg->mg_virtual = vtable;
4503 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVf_POK);
4508 =for apidoc sv_magic
4510 Adds magic to an SV. First upgrades C<sv> to type C<SVt_PVMG> if necessary,
4511 then adds a new magic item of type C<how> to the head of the magic list.
4517 Perl_sv_magic(pTHX_ register SV *sv, SV *obj, int how, const char *name, I32 namlen)
4522 if (SvREADONLY(sv)) {
4523 if (PL_curcop != &PL_compiling
4524 && how != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
4525 && how != PERL_MAGIC_bm
4526 && how != PERL_MAGIC_fm
4527 && how != PERL_MAGIC_sv
4530 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
4533 if (SvMAGICAL(sv) || (how == PERL_MAGIC_taint && SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG)) {
4534 if (SvMAGIC(sv) && (mg = mg_find(sv, how))) {
4535 /* sv_magic() refuses to add a magic of the same 'how' as an
4538 if (how == PERL_MAGIC_taint)
4546 vtable = &PL_vtbl_sv;
4548 case PERL_MAGIC_overload:
4549 vtable = &PL_vtbl_amagic;
4551 case PERL_MAGIC_overload_elem:
4552 vtable = &PL_vtbl_amagicelem;
4554 case PERL_MAGIC_overload_table:
4555 vtable = &PL_vtbl_ovrld;
4558 vtable = &PL_vtbl_bm;
4560 case PERL_MAGIC_regdata:
4561 vtable = &PL_vtbl_regdata;
4563 case PERL_MAGIC_regdatum:
4564 vtable = &PL_vtbl_regdatum;
4566 case PERL_MAGIC_env:
4567 vtable = &PL_vtbl_env;
4570 vtable = &PL_vtbl_fm;
4572 case PERL_MAGIC_envelem:
4573 vtable = &PL_vtbl_envelem;
4575 case PERL_MAGIC_regex_global:
4576 vtable = &PL_vtbl_mglob;
4578 case PERL_MAGIC_isa:
4579 vtable = &PL_vtbl_isa;
4581 case PERL_MAGIC_isaelem:
4582 vtable = &PL_vtbl_isaelem;
4584 case PERL_MAGIC_nkeys:
4585 vtable = &PL_vtbl_nkeys;
4587 case PERL_MAGIC_dbfile:
4590 case PERL_MAGIC_dbline:
4591 vtable = &PL_vtbl_dbline;
4593 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4594 case PERL_MAGIC_mutex:
4595 vtable = &PL_vtbl_mutex;
4597 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4598 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
4599 case PERL_MAGIC_collxfrm:
4600 vtable = &PL_vtbl_collxfrm;
4602 #endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */
4603 case PERL_MAGIC_tied:
4604 vtable = &PL_vtbl_pack;
4606 case PERL_MAGIC_tiedelem:
4607 case PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar:
4608 vtable = &PL_vtbl_packelem;
4611 vtable = &PL_vtbl_regexp;
4613 case PERL_MAGIC_sig:
4614 vtable = &PL_vtbl_sig;
4616 case PERL_MAGIC_sigelem:
4617 vtable = &PL_vtbl_sigelem;
4619 case PERL_MAGIC_taint:
4620 vtable = &PL_vtbl_taint;
4622 case PERL_MAGIC_uvar:
4623 vtable = &PL_vtbl_uvar;
4625 case PERL_MAGIC_vec:
4626 vtable = &PL_vtbl_vec;
4628 case PERL_MAGIC_substr:
4629 vtable = &PL_vtbl_substr;
4631 case PERL_MAGIC_defelem:
4632 vtable = &PL_vtbl_defelem;
4634 case PERL_MAGIC_glob:
4635 vtable = &PL_vtbl_glob;
4637 case PERL_MAGIC_arylen:
4638 vtable = &PL_vtbl_arylen;
4640 case PERL_MAGIC_pos:
4641 vtable = &PL_vtbl_pos;
4643 case PERL_MAGIC_backref:
4644 vtable = &PL_vtbl_backref;
4646 case PERL_MAGIC_ext:
4647 /* Reserved for use by extensions not perl internals. */
4648 /* Useful for attaching extension internal data to perl vars. */
4649 /* Note that multiple extensions may clash if magical scalars */
4650 /* etc holding private data from one are passed to another. */
4653 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Don't know how to handle magic of type \\%o", how);
4656 /* Rest of work is done else where */
4657 mg = sv_magicext(sv,obj,how,vtable,name,namlen);
4660 case PERL_MAGIC_taint:
4663 case PERL_MAGIC_ext:
4664 case PERL_MAGIC_dbfile:
4671 =for apidoc sv_unmagic
4673 Removes all magic of type C<type> from an SV.
4679 Perl_sv_unmagic(pTHX_ SV *sv, int type)
4683 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVMG || !SvMAGIC(sv))
4686 for (mg = *mgp; mg; mg = *mgp) {
4687 if (mg->mg_type == type) {
4688 MGVTBL* vtbl = mg->mg_virtual;
4689 *mgp = mg->mg_moremagic;
4690 if (vtbl && vtbl->svt_free)
4691 CALL_FPTR(vtbl->svt_free)(aTHX_ sv, mg);
4692 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global) {
4694 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
4695 else if (mg->mg_len == HEf_SVKEY)
4696 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)mg->mg_ptr);
4698 if (mg->mg_flags & MGf_REFCOUNTED)
4699 SvREFCNT_dec(mg->mg_obj);
4703 mgp = &mg->mg_moremagic;
4707 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_NOK|SVp_POK)) >> PRIVSHIFT;
4714 =for apidoc sv_rvweaken
4716 Weaken a reference: set the C<SvWEAKREF> flag on this RV; give the
4717 referred-to SV C<PERL_MAGIC_backref> magic if it hasn't already; and
4718 push a back-reference to this RV onto the array of backreferences
4719 associated with that magic.
4725 Perl_sv_rvweaken(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4728 if (!SvOK(sv)) /* let undefs pass */
4731 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't weaken a nonreference");
4732 else if (SvWEAKREF(sv)) {
4733 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
4734 Perl_warner(aTHX_ WARN_MISC, "Reference is already weak");
4738 sv_add_backref(tsv, sv);
4744 /* Give tsv backref magic if it hasn't already got it, then push a
4745 * back-reference to sv onto the array associated with the backref magic.
4749 S_sv_add_backref(pTHX_ SV *tsv, SV *sv)
4753 if (SvMAGICAL(tsv) && (mg = mg_find(tsv, PERL_MAGIC_backref)))
4754 av = (AV*)mg->mg_obj;
4757 sv_magic(tsv, (SV*)av, PERL_MAGIC_backref, NULL, 0);
4758 SvREFCNT_dec(av); /* for sv_magic */
4763 /* delete a back-reference to ourselves from the backref magic associated
4764 * with the SV we point to.
4768 S_sv_del_backref(pTHX_ SV *sv)
4775 if (!SvMAGICAL(tsv) || !(mg = mg_find(tsv, PERL_MAGIC_backref)))
4776 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: del_backref");
4777 av = (AV *)mg->mg_obj;
4782 svp[i] = &PL_sv_undef; /* XXX */
4789 =for apidoc sv_insert
4791 Inserts a string at the specified offset/length within the SV. Similar to
4792 the Perl substr() function.
4798 Perl_sv_insert(pTHX_ SV *bigstr, STRLEN offset, STRLEN len, char *little, STRLEN littlelen)
4802 register char *midend;
4803 register char *bigend;
4809 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't modify non-existent substring");
4810 SvPV_force(bigstr, curlen);
4811 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(bigstr);
4812 if (offset + len > curlen) {
4813 SvGROW(bigstr, offset+len+1);
4814 Zero(SvPVX(bigstr)+curlen, offset+len-curlen, char);
4815 SvCUR_set(bigstr, offset+len);
4819 i = littlelen - len;
4820 if (i > 0) { /* string might grow */
4821 big = SvGROW(bigstr, SvCUR(bigstr) + i + 1);
4822 mid = big + offset + len;
4823 midend = bigend = big + SvCUR(bigstr);
4826 while (midend > mid) /* shove everything down */
4827 *--bigend = *--midend;
4828 Move(little,big+offset,littlelen,char);
4834 Move(little,SvPVX(bigstr)+offset,len,char);
4839 big = SvPVX(bigstr);
4842 bigend = big + SvCUR(bigstr);
4844 if (midend > bigend)
4845 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sv_insert");
4847 if (mid - big > bigend - midend) { /* faster to shorten from end */
4849 Move(little, mid, littlelen,char);
4852 i = bigend - midend;
4854 Move(midend, mid, i,char);
4858 SvCUR_set(bigstr, mid - big);
4861 else if ((i = mid - big)) { /* faster from front */
4862 midend -= littlelen;
4864 sv_chop(bigstr,midend-i);
4869 Move(little, mid, littlelen,char);
4871 else if (littlelen) {
4872 midend -= littlelen;
4873 sv_chop(bigstr,midend);
4874 Move(little,midend,littlelen,char);
4877 sv_chop(bigstr,midend);
4883 =for apidoc sv_replace
4885 Make the first argument a copy of the second, then delete the original.
4886 The target SV physically takes over ownership of the body of the source SV
4887 and inherits its flags; however, the target keeps any magic it owns,
4888 and any magic in the source is discarded.
4889 Note that this is a rather specialist SV copying operation; most of the
4890 time you'll want to use C<sv_setsv> or one of its many macro front-ends.
4896 Perl_sv_replace(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register SV *nsv)