cop.h

   1 /*    cop.h
   2  *
   3  *    Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
   4  *    2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
   5  *
   6  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
   7  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
   8  *
   9  * Control ops (cops) are one of the two ops OP_NEXTSTATE and OP_DBSTATE,
  10  * that (loosely speaking) are statement separators.
  11  * They hold information important for lexical state and error reporting.
  12  * At run time, PL_curcop is set to point to the most recently executed cop,
  13  * and thus can be used to determine our current state.
  14  */
  15
  16 /* A jmpenv packages the state required to perform a proper non-local jump.
  17  * Note that there is a PL_start_env initialized when perl starts, and
  18  * PL_top_env points to this initially, so PL_top_env should always be
  19  * non-null.
  20  *
  21  * Existence of a non-null PL_top_env->je_prev implies it is valid to call
  22  * longjmp() at that runlevel (we make sure PL_start_env.je_prev is always
  23  * null to ensure this).
  24  *
  25  * je_mustcatch, when set at any runlevel to TRUE, means eval ops must
  26  * establish a local jmpenv to handle exception traps.  Care must be taken
  27  * to restore the previous value of je_mustcatch before exiting the
  28  * stack frame iff JMPENV_PUSH was not called in that stack frame.
  29  * GSAR 97-03-27
  30  */
  31
  32 struct jmpenv {
  33     struct jmpenv *     je_prev;
  34     Sigjmp_buf          je_buf;         /* uninit if je_prev is NULL */
  35     int                 je_ret;         /* last exception thrown */
  36     bool                je_mustcatch;   /* need to call longjmp()? */
  37     U16                 je_old_delaymagic; /* saved PL_delaymagic */
  38 };
  39
  40 typedef struct jmpenv JMPENV;
  41
  42 /*
  43  * How to build the first jmpenv.
  44  *
  45  * top_env needs to be non-zero. It points to an area
  46  * in which longjmp() stuff is stored, as C callstack
  47  * info there at least is thread specific this has to
  48  * be per-thread. Otherwise a 'die' in a thread gives
  49  * that thread the C stack of last thread to do an eval {}!
  50  */
  51
  52 #define JMPENV_BOOTSTRAP \
  53     STMT_START {                                \
  54         PERL_POISON_EXPR(PoisonNew(&PL_start_env, 1, JMPENV));\
  55         PL_top_env = &PL_start_env;             \
  56         PL_start_env.je_prev = NULL;            \
  57         PL_start_env.je_ret = -1;               \
  58         PL_start_env.je_mustcatch = TRUE;       \
  59         PL_start_env.je_old_delaymagic = 0;     \
  60     } STMT_END
  61
  62 /*
  63  *   PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
  64  *
  65  * All the flexible exceptions code has been removed.
  66  * See the following threads for details:
  67  *
  68  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/2004-07/msg00378.html
  69  *
  70  * Joshua's original patches (which weren't applied) and discussion:
  71  *
  72  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1998-02/msg01396.html
  73  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1998-02/msg01489.html
  74  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1998-02/msg01491.html
  75  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1998-02/msg01608.html
  76  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1998-02/msg02144.html
  77  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1998-02/msg02998.html
  78  *
  79  * Chip's reworked patch and discussion:
  80  *
  81  *   http://www.xray.mpe.mpg.de/mailing-lists/perl5-porters/1999-03/msg00520.html
  82  *
  83  * The flaw in these patches (which went unnoticed at the time) was
  84  * that they moved some code that could potentially die() out of the
  85  * region protected by the setjmp()s.  This caused exceptions within
  86  * END blocks and such to not be handled by the correct setjmp().
  87  *
  88  * The original patches that introduces flexible exceptions were:
  89  *
  90  * http://perl5.git.perl.org/perl.git/commit/312caa8e97f1c7ee342a9895c2f0e749625b4929
  91  * http://perl5.git.perl.org/perl.git/commit/14dd3ad8c9bf82cf09798a22cc89a9862dfd6d1a
  92  *
  93  */
  94
  95 #define dJMPENV         JMPENV cur_env
  96
  97 #define JMPENV_PUSH(v) \
  98     STMT_START {                                                        \
  99         DEBUG_l({                                                       \
 100             int i = 0; JMPENV *p = PL_top_env;                          \
 101             while (p) { i++; p = p->je_prev; }                          \
 102             Perl_deb(aTHX_ "JUMPENV_PUSH level=%d at %s:%d\n",          \
 103                          i,  __FILE__, __LINE__);})                     \
 104         cur_env.je_prev = PL_top_env;                                   \
 105         cur_env.je_ret = PerlProc_setjmp(cur_env.je_buf, SCOPE_SAVES_SIGNAL_MASK);              \
 106         PL_top_env = &cur_env;                                          \
 107         cur_env.je_mustcatch = FALSE;                                   \
 108         cur_env.je_old_delaymagic = PL_delaymagic;                      \
 109         (v) = cur_env.je_ret;                                           \
 110     } STMT_END
 111
 112 #define JMPENV_POP \
 113     STMT_START {                                                        \
 114         DEBUG_l({                                                       \
 115             int i = -1; JMPENV *p = PL_top_env;                         \
 116             while (p) { i++; p = p->je_prev; }                          \
 117             Perl_deb(aTHX_ "JUMPENV_POP level=%d at %s:%d\n",           \
 118                          i, __FILE__, __LINE__);})                      \
 119         assert(PL_top_env == &cur_env);                                 \
 120         PL_delaymagic = cur_env.je_old_delaymagic;                      \
 121         PL_top_env = cur_env.je_prev;                                   \
 122     } STMT_END
 123
 124 #define JMPENV_JUMP(v) \
 125     STMT_START {                                                \
 126         DEBUG_l({                                               \
 127             int i = -1; JMPENV *p = PL_top_env;                 \
 128             while (p) { i++; p = p->je_prev; }                  \
 129             Perl_deb(aTHX_ "JUMPENV_JUMP(%d) level=%d at %s:%d\n", \
 130                          (int)v, i, __FILE__, __LINE__);})      \
 131         if (PL_top_env->je_prev)                                \
 132             PerlProc_longjmp(PL_top_env->je_buf, (v));          \
 133         if ((v) == 2)                                           \
 134             PerlProc_exit(STATUS_EXIT);                         \
 135         PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "panic: top_env, v=%d\n", (int)v); \
 136         PerlProc_exit(1);                                       \
 137     } STMT_END
 138
 139 #define CATCH_GET               (PL_top_env->je_mustcatch)
 140 #define CATCH_SET(v) \
 141     STMT_START {                                                        \
 142         DEBUG_l(                                                        \
 143             Perl_deb(aTHX_                                              \
 144                 "JUMPLEVEL set catch %d => %d (for %p) at %s:%d\n",     \
 145                  PL_top_env->je_mustcatch, v, (void*)PL_top_env,        \
 146                  __FILE__, __LINE__);)                                  \
 147         PL_top_env->je_mustcatch = (v);                                 \
 148     } STMT_END
 149
 150 /*
 151 =head1 COP Hint Hashes
 152 */
 153
 154 typedef struct refcounted_he COPHH;
 155
 156 #define COPHH_KEY_UTF8 REFCOUNTED_HE_KEY_UTF8
 157
 158 /*
 159 =for apidoc Amx|SV *|cophh_fetch_pvn|const COPHH *cophh|const char *keypv|STRLEN keylen|U32 hash|U32 flags
 160
 161 Look up the entry in the cop hints hash C<cophh> with the key specified by
 162 C<keypv> and C<keylen>.  If C<flags> has the C<COPHH_KEY_UTF8> bit set,
 163 the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8, otherwise they are interpreted
 164 as Latin-1.  C<hash> is a precomputed hash of the key string, or zero if
 165 it has not been precomputed.  Returns a mortal scalar copy of the value
 166 associated with the key, or C<&PL_sv_placeholder> if there is no value
 167 associated with the key.
 168
 169 =cut
 170 */
 171
 172 #define cophh_fetch_pvn(cophh, keypv, keylen, hash, flags) \
 173     Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_pvn(aTHX_ cophh, keypv, keylen, hash, flags)
 174
 175 /*
 176 =for apidoc Amx|SV *|cophh_fetch_pvs|const COPHH *cophh|const char *key|U32 flags
 177
 178 Like L</cophh_fetch_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
 179 string/length pair, and no precomputed hash.
 180
 181 =cut
 182 */
 183
 184 #define cophh_fetch_pvs(cophh, key, flags) \
 185     Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_pvn(aTHX_ cophh, STR_WITH_LEN(key), 0, flags)
 186
 187 /*
 188 =for apidoc Amx|SV *|cophh_fetch_pv|const COPHH *cophh|const char *key|U32 hash|U32 flags
 189
 190 Like L</cophh_fetch_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string instead of
 191 a string/length pair.
 192
 193 =cut
 194 */
 195
 196 #define cophh_fetch_pv(cophh, key, hash, flags) \
 197     Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_pv(aTHX_ cophh, key, hash, flags)
 198
 199 /*
 200 =for apidoc Amx|SV *|cophh_fetch_sv|const COPHH *cophh|SV *key|U32 hash|U32 flags
 201
 202 Like L</cophh_fetch_pvn>, but takes a Perl scalar instead of a
 203 string/length pair.
 204
 205 =cut
 206 */
 207
 208 #define cophh_fetch_sv(cophh, key, hash, flags) \
 209     Perl_refcounted_he_fetch_sv(aTHX_ cophh, key, hash, flags)
 210
 211 /*
 212 =for apidoc Amx|HV *|cophh_2hv|const COPHH *cophh|U32 flags
 213
 214 Generates and returns a standard Perl hash representing the full set of
 215 key/value pairs in the cop hints hash C<cophh>.  C<flags> is currently
 216 unused and must be zero.
 217
 218 =cut
 219 */
 220
 221 #define cophh_2hv(cophh, flags) \
 222     Perl_refcounted_he_chain_2hv(aTHX_ cophh, flags)
 223
 224 /*
 225 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_copy|COPHH *cophh
 226
 227 Make and return a complete copy of the cop hints hash C<cophh>.
 228
 229 =cut
 230 */
 231
 232 #define cophh_copy(cophh) Perl_refcounted_he_inc(aTHX_ cophh)
 233
 234 /*
 235 =for apidoc Amx|void|cophh_free|COPHH *cophh
 236
 237 Discard the cop hints hash C<cophh>, freeing all resources associated
 238 with it.
 239
 240 =cut
 241 */
 242
 243 #define cophh_free(cophh) Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ cophh)
 244
 245 /*
 246 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_new_empty
 247
 248 Generate and return a fresh cop hints hash containing no entries.
 249
 250 =cut
 251 */
 252
 253 #define cophh_new_empty() ((COPHH *)NULL)
 254
 255 /*
 256 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_store_pvn|COPHH *cophh|const char *keypv|STRLEN keylen|U32 hash|SV *value|U32 flags
 257
 258 Stores a value, associated with a key, in the cop hints hash C<cophh>,
 259 and returns the modified hash.  The returned hash pointer is in general
 260 not the same as the hash pointer that was passed in.  The input hash is
 261 consumed by the function, and the pointer to it must not be subsequently
 262 used.  Use L</cophh_copy> if you need both hashes.
 263
 264 The key is specified by C<keypv> and C<keylen>.  If C<flags> has the
 265 C<COPHH_KEY_UTF8> bit set, the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8,
 266 otherwise they are interpreted as Latin-1.  C<hash> is a precomputed
 267 hash of the key string, or zero if it has not been precomputed.
 268
 269 C<value> is the scalar value to store for this key.  C<value> is copied
 270 by this function, which thus does not take ownership of any reference
 271 to it, and later changes to the scalar will not be reflected in the
 272 value visible in the cop hints hash.  Complex types of scalar will not
 273 be stored with referential integrity, but will be coerced to strings.
 274
 275 =cut
 276 */
 277
 278 #define cophh_store_pvn(cophh, keypv, keylen, hash, value, flags) \
 279     Perl_refcounted_he_new_pvn(aTHX_ cophh, keypv, keylen, hash, value, flags)
 280
 281 /*
 282 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_store_pvs|const COPHH *cophh|const char *key|SV *value|U32 flags
 283
 284 Like L</cophh_store_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
 285 string/length pair, and no precomputed hash.
 286
 287 =cut
 288 */
 289
 290 #define cophh_store_pvs(cophh, key, value, flags) \
 291     Perl_refcounted_he_new_pvn(aTHX_ cophh, STR_WITH_LEN(key), 0, value, flags)
 292
 293 /*
 294 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_store_pv|const COPHH *cophh|const char *key|U32 hash|SV *value|U32 flags
 295
 296 Like L</cophh_store_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string instead of
 297 a string/length pair.
 298
 299 =cut
 300 */
 301
 302 #define cophh_store_pv(cophh, key, hash, value, flags) \
 303     Perl_refcounted_he_new_pv(aTHX_ cophh, key, hash, value, flags)
 304
 305 /*
 306 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_store_sv|const COPHH *cophh|SV *key|U32 hash|SV *value|U32 flags
 307
 308 Like L</cophh_store_pvn>, but takes a Perl scalar instead of a
 309 string/length pair.
 310
 311 =cut
 312 */
 313
 314 #define cophh_store_sv(cophh, key, hash, value, flags) \
 315     Perl_refcounted_he_new_sv(aTHX_ cophh, key, hash, value, flags)
 316
 317 /*
 318 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_delete_pvn|COPHH *cophh|const char *keypv|STRLEN keylen|U32 hash|U32 flags
 319
 320 Delete a key and its associated value from the cop hints hash C<cophh>,
 321 and returns the modified hash.  The returned hash pointer is in general
 322 not the same as the hash pointer that was passed in.  The input hash is
 323 consumed by the function, and the pointer to it must not be subsequently
 324 used.  Use L</cophh_copy> if you need both hashes.
 325
 326 The key is specified by C<keypv> and C<keylen>.  If C<flags> has the
 327 C<COPHH_KEY_UTF8> bit set, the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8,
 328 otherwise they are interpreted as Latin-1.  C<hash> is a precomputed
 329 hash of the key string, or zero if it has not been precomputed.
 330
 331 =cut
 332 */
 333
 334 #define cophh_delete_pvn(cophh, keypv, keylen, hash, flags) \
 335     Perl_refcounted_he_new_pvn(aTHX_ cophh, keypv, keylen, hash, \
 336         (SV *)NULL, flags)
 337
 338 /*
 339 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_delete_pvs|const COPHH *cophh|const char *key|U32 flags
 340
 341 Like L</cophh_delete_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
 342 string/length pair, and no precomputed hash.
 343
 344 =cut
 345 */
 346
 347 #define cophh_delete_pvs(cophh, key, flags) \
 348     Perl_refcounted_he_new_pvn(aTHX_ cophh, STR_WITH_LEN(key), 0, \
 349         (SV *)NULL, flags)
 350
 351 /*
 352 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_delete_pv|const COPHH *cophh|const char *key|U32 hash|U32 flags
 353
 354 Like L</cophh_delete_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string instead of
 355 a string/length pair.
 356
 357 =cut
 358 */
 359
 360 #define cophh_delete_pv(cophh, key, hash, flags) \
 361     Perl_refcounted_he_new_pv(aTHX_ cophh, key, hash, (SV *)NULL, flags)
 362
 363 /*
 364 =for apidoc Amx|COPHH *|cophh_delete_sv|const COPHH *cophh|SV *key|U32 hash|U32 flags
 365
 366 Like L</cophh_delete_pvn>, but takes a Perl scalar instead of a
 367 string/length pair.
 368
 369 =cut
 370 */
 371
 372 #define cophh_delete_sv(cophh, key, hash, flags) \
 373     Perl_refcounted_he_new_sv(aTHX_ cophh, key, hash, (SV *)NULL, flags)
 374
 375 #include "mydtrace.h"
 376
 377 struct cop {
 378     BASEOP
 379     /* On LP64 putting this here takes advantage of the fact that BASEOP isn't
 380        an exact multiple of 8 bytes to save structure padding.  */
 381     line_t      cop_line;       /* line # of this command */
 382     /* label for this construct is now stored in cop_hints_hash */
 383 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
 384     PADOFFSET   cop_stashoff;   /* offset into PL_stashpad, for the
 385                                    package the line was compiled in */
 386     char *      cop_file;       /* file name the following line # is from */
 387 #else
 388     HV *        cop_stash;      /* package line was compiled in */
 389     GV *        cop_filegv;     /* file the following line # is from */
 390 #endif
 391     U32         cop_hints;      /* hints bits from pragmata */
 392     U32         cop_seq;        /* parse sequence number */
 393     /* Beware. mg.c and warnings.pl assume the type of this is STRLEN *:  */
 394     STRLEN *    cop_warnings;   /* lexical warnings bitmask */
 395     /* compile time state of %^H.  See the comment in op.c for how this is
 396        used to recreate a hash to return from caller.  */
 397     COPHH *     cop_hints_hash;
 398 };
 399
 400 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
 401 #  define CopFILE(c)            ((c)->cop_file)
 402 #  define CopFILEGV(c)          (CopFILE(c) \
 403                                  ? gv_fetchfile(CopFILE(c)) : NULL)
 404
 405 #  ifdef NETWARE
 406 #    define CopFILE_set(c,pv)   ((c)->cop_file = savepv(pv))
 407 #    define CopFILE_setn(c,pv,l)  ((c)->cop_file = savepvn((pv),(l)))
 408 #  else
 409 #    define CopFILE_set(c,pv)   ((c)->cop_file = savesharedpv(pv))
 410 #    define CopFILE_setn(c,pv,l)  ((c)->cop_file = savesharedpvn((pv),(l)))
 411 #  endif
 412
 413 #  define CopFILESV(c)          (CopFILE(c) \
 414                                  ? GvSV(gv_fetchfile(CopFILE(c))) : NULL)
 415 #  define CopFILEAV(c)          (CopFILE(c) \
 416                                  ? GvAV(gv_fetchfile(CopFILE(c))) : NULL)
 417 #  define CopFILEAVx(c)         (assert_(CopFILE(c)) \
 418                                    GvAV(gv_fetchfile(CopFILE(c))))
 419
 420 #  define CopSTASH(c)           PL_stashpad[(c)->cop_stashoff]
 421 #  define CopSTASH_set(c,hv)    ((c)->cop_stashoff = (hv)               \
 422                                     ? alloccopstash(hv)                 \
 423                                     : 0)
 424 #  ifdef NETWARE
 425 #    define CopFILE_free(c) SAVECOPFILE_FREE(c)
 426 #  else
 427 #    define CopFILE_free(c)     (PerlMemShared_free(CopFILE(c)),(CopFILE(c) = NULL))
 428 #  endif
 429 #else
 430 #  define CopFILEGV(c)          ((c)->cop_filegv)
 431 #  define CopFILEGV_set(c,gv)   ((c)->cop_filegv = (GV*)SvREFCNT_inc(gv))
 432 #  define CopFILE_set(c,pv)     CopFILEGV_set((c), gv_fetchfile(pv))
 433 #  define CopFILE_setn(c,pv,l)  CopFILEGV_set((c), gv_fetchfile_flags((pv),(l),0))
 434 #  define CopFILESV(c)          (CopFILEGV(c) ? GvSV(CopFILEGV(c)) : NULL)
 435 #  define CopFILEAV(c)          (CopFILEGV(c) ? GvAV(CopFILEGV(c)) : NULL)
 436 #  ifdef DEBUGGING
 437 #    define CopFILEAVx(c)       (assert(CopFILEGV(c)), GvAV(CopFILEGV(c)))
 438 #  else
 439 #    define CopFILEAVx(c)       (GvAV(CopFILEGV(c)))
 440 # endif
 441 #  define CopFILE(c)            (CopFILEGV(c) \
 442                                     ? GvNAME(CopFILEGV(c))+2 : NULL)
 443 #  define CopSTASH(c)           ((c)->cop_stash)
 444 #  define CopSTASH_set(c,hv)    ((c)->cop_stash = (hv))
 445 #  define CopFILE_free(c)       (SvREFCNT_dec(CopFILEGV(c)),(CopFILEGV(c) = NULL))
 446
 447 #endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
 448
 449 #define CopSTASHPV(c)           (CopSTASH(c) ? HvNAME_get(CopSTASH(c)) : NULL)
 450    /* cop_stash is not refcounted */
 451 #define CopSTASHPV_set(c,pv)    CopSTASH_set((c), gv_stashpv(pv,GV_ADD))
 452 #define CopSTASH_eq(c,hv)       (CopSTASH(c) == (hv))
 453
 454 #define CopHINTHASH_get(c)      ((COPHH*)((c)->cop_hints_hash))
 455 #define CopHINTHASH_set(c,h)    ((c)->cop_hints_hash = (h))
 456
 457 /*
 458 =head1 COP Hint Reading
 459 */
 460
 461 /*
 462 =for apidoc Am|SV *|cop_hints_fetch_pvn|const COP *cop|const char *keypv|STRLEN keylen|U32 hash|U32 flags
 463
 464 Look up the hint entry in the cop C<cop> with the key specified by
 465 C<keypv> and C<keylen>.  If C<flags> has the C<COPHH_KEY_UTF8> bit set,
 466 the key octets are interpreted as UTF-8, otherwise they are interpreted
 467 as Latin-1.  C<hash> is a precomputed hash of the key string, or zero if
 468 it has not been precomputed.  Returns a mortal scalar copy of the value
 469 associated with the key, or C<&PL_sv_placeholder> if there is no value
 470 associated with the key.
 471
 472 =cut
 473 */
 474
 475 #define cop_hints_fetch_pvn(cop, keypv, keylen, hash, flags) \
 476     cophh_fetch_pvn(CopHINTHASH_get(cop), keypv, keylen, hash, flags)
 477
 478 /*
 479 =for apidoc Am|SV *|cop_hints_fetch_pvs|const COP *cop|const char *key|U32 flags
 480
 481 Like L</cop_hints_fetch_pvn>, but takes a literal string instead of a
 482 string/length pair, and no precomputed hash.
 483
 484 =cut
 485 */
 486
 487 #define cop_hints_fetch_pvs(cop, key, flags) \
 488     cophh_fetch_pvs(CopHINTHASH_get(cop), key, flags)
 489
 490 /*
 491 =for apidoc Am|SV *|cop_hints_fetch_pv|const COP *cop|const char *key|U32 hash|U32 flags
 492
 493 Like L</cop_hints_fetch_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string instead
 494 of a string/length pair.
 495
 496 =cut
 497 */
 498
 499 #define cop_hints_fetch_pv(cop, key, hash, flags) \
 500     cophh_fetch_pv(CopHINTHASH_get(cop), key, hash, flags)
 501
 502 /*
 503 =for apidoc Am|SV *|cop_hints_fetch_sv|const COP *cop|SV *key|U32 hash|U32 flags
 504
 505 Like L</cop_hints_fetch_pvn>, but takes a Perl scalar instead of a
 506 string/length pair.
 507
 508 =cut
 509 */
 510
 511 #define cop_hints_fetch_sv(cop, key, hash, flags) \
 512     cophh_fetch_sv(CopHINTHASH_get(cop), key, hash, flags)
 513
 514 /*
 515 =for apidoc Am|HV *|cop_hints_2hv|const COP *cop|U32 flags
 516
 517 Generates and returns a standard Perl hash representing the full set of
 518 hint entries in the cop C<cop>.  C<flags> is currently unused and must
 519 be zero.
 520
 521 =cut
 522 */
 523
 524 #define cop_hints_2hv(cop, flags) \
 525     cophh_2hv(CopHINTHASH_get(cop), flags)
 526
 527 #define CopLABEL(c)  Perl_cop_fetch_label(aTHX_ (c), NULL, NULL)
 528 #define CopLABEL_len(c,len)  Perl_cop_fetch_label(aTHX_ (c), len, NULL)
 529 #define CopLABEL_len_flags(c,len,flags)  Perl_cop_fetch_label(aTHX_ (c), len, flags)
 530 #define CopLABEL_alloc(pv)      ((pv)?savepv(pv):NULL)
 531
 532 #define CopSTASH_ne(c,hv)       (!CopSTASH_eq(c,hv))
 533 #define CopLINE(c)              ((c)->cop_line)
 534 #define CopLINE_inc(c)          (++CopLINE(c))
 535 #define CopLINE_dec(c)          (--CopLINE(c))
 536 #define CopLINE_set(c,l)        (CopLINE(c) = (l))
 537
 538 /* OutCopFILE() is CopFILE for output (caller, die, warn, etc.) */
 539 #define OutCopFILE(c) CopFILE(c)
 540
 541 #define CopHINTS_get(c)         ((c)->cop_hints + 0)
 542 #define CopHINTS_set(c, h)      STMT_START {                            \
 543                                     (c)->cop_hints = (h);               \
 544                                 } STMT_END
 545
 546 /*
 547  * Here we have some enormously heavy (or at least ponderous) wizardry.
 548  */
 549
 550 /* subroutine context */
 551 struct block_sub {
 552     OP *        retop;  /* op to execute on exit from sub */
 553     /* Above here is the same for sub, format and eval.  */
 554     PAD         *prevcomppad; /* the caller's PL_comppad */
 555     CV *        cv;
 556     /* Above here is the same for sub and format.  */
 557     I32         olddepth;
 558     AV          *savearray;
 559 };
 560
 561
 562 /* format context */
 563 struct block_format {
 564     OP *        retop;  /* op to execute on exit from sub */
 565     /* Above here is the same for sub, format and eval.  */
 566     PAD         *prevcomppad; /* the caller's PL_comppad */
 567     CV *        cv;
 568     /* Above here is the same for sub and format.  */
 569     GV *        gv;
 570     GV *        dfoutgv;
 571 };
 572
 573 /* free all savestack items back to the watermark of the specified context */
 574
 575 #define CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx) \
 576     LEAVE_SCOPE(cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix)
 577
 578 /* base for the next two macros. Don't use directly.
 579  * The context frame holds a reference to the CV so that it can't be
 580  * freed while we're executing it */
 581
 582 #define PUSHSUB_BASE(cx)                                                \
 583         ENTRY_PROBE(CvNAMED(cv)                                         \
 584                         ? HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv))                       \
 585                         : GvENAME(CvGV(cv)),                            \
 586                 CopFILE((const COP *)CvSTART(cv)),                      \
 587                 CopLINE((const COP *)CvSTART(cv)),                      \
 588                 CopSTASHPV((const COP *)CvSTART(cv)));                  \
 589                                                                         \
 590         cx->blk_sub.cv = cv;                                            \
 591         cx->blk_sub.olddepth = CvDEPTH(cv);                             \
 592         cx->blk_sub.prevcomppad = PL_comppad;                           \
 593         cx->cx_type |= (hasargs) ? CXp_HASARGS : 0;                     \
 594         cx->blk_sub.retop = NULL;                                       \
 595         SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cv);                                \
 596         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 597         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;
 598
 599 #define PUSHSUB_GET_LVALUE_MASK(func) \
 600         /* If the context is indeterminate, then only the lvalue */     \
 601         /* flags that the caller also has are applicable.        */     \
 602         (                                                               \
 603            (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_WANT)                                 \
 604                ? OPpENTERSUB_LVAL_MASK                                  \
 605                : !(PL_op->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_LVAL_MASK)           \
 606                    ? 0 : (U8)func(aTHX)                                 \
 607         )
 608
 609 #define PUSHSUB(cx)                                                     \
 610     {                                                                   \
 611         U8 phlags = PUSHSUB_GET_LVALUE_MASK(Perl_was_lvalue_sub);       \
 612         PUSHSUB_BASE(cx)                                                \
 613         cx->blk_u16 = PL_op->op_private &                               \
 614                           (phlags|OPpDEREF);                            \
 615     }
 616
 617 /* variant for use by OP_DBSTATE, where op_private holds hint bits */
 618 #define PUSHSUB_DB(cx)                                                  \
 619         PUSHSUB_BASE(cx)                                                \
 620         cx->blk_u16 = 0;
 621
 622
 623 #define PUSHFORMAT(cx, retop)                                           \
 624         cx->blk_format.cv = cv;                                         \
 625         cx->blk_format.gv = gv;                                         \
 626         cx->blk_format.retop = (retop);                                 \
 627         cx->blk_format.dfoutgv = PL_defoutgv;                           \
 628         cx->blk_format.prevcomppad = PL_comppad;                        \
 629         cx->blk_u16 = 0;                                                \
 630         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix = PL_savestack_ix;        \
 631         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 632         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;                                     \
 633         SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cv);                                \
 634         CvDEPTH(cv)++;                                                  \
 635         SvREFCNT_inc_void(cx->blk_format.dfoutgv)
 636
 637 /* Restore old @_ */
 638 #define POP_SAVEARRAY()                                         \
 639     STMT_START {                                                        \
 640         AV *av = GvAV(PL_defgv);                                        \
 641         GvAV(PL_defgv) = cx->blk_sub.savearray;                         \
 642         SvREFCNT_dec(av);                                               \
 643     } STMT_END
 644
 645 /* junk in @_ spells trouble when cloning CVs and in pp_caller(), so don't
 646  * leave any (a fast av_clear(ary), basically) */
 647 #define CLEAR_ARGARRAY(ary) \
 648     STMT_START {                                                        \
 649         AvMAX(ary) += AvARRAY(ary) - AvALLOC(ary);                      \
 650         AvARRAY(ary) = AvALLOC(ary);                                    \
 651         AvFILLp(ary) = -1;                                              \
 652     } STMT_END
 653
 654 #define POPSUB(cx)                                                      \
 655     STMT_START {                                                        \
 656         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 657         if (!(cx->blk_u16 & CxPOPSUB_DONE)) {                           \
 658         cx->blk_u16 |= CxPOPSUB_DONE;                                   \
 659         RETURN_PROBE(CvNAMED(cx->blk_sub.cv)                            \
 660                         ? HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cx->blk_sub.cv))           \
 661                         : GvENAME(CvGV(cx->blk_sub.cv)),                \
 662                 CopFILE((COP*)CvSTART((const CV*)cx->blk_sub.cv)),      \
 663                 CopLINE((COP*)CvSTART((const CV*)cx->blk_sub.cv)),      \
 664                 CopSTASHPV((COP*)CvSTART((const CV*)cx->blk_sub.cv)));  \
 665                                                                         \
 666         if (CxHASARGS(cx)) {                                            \
 667             AV *av;                                                     \
 668             assert(AvARRAY(MUTABLE_AV(                                  \
 669                 PadlistARRAY(CvPADLIST(cx->blk_sub.cv))[                \
 670                         CvDEPTH(cx->blk_sub.cv)])) == PL_curpad);       \
 671             POP_SAVEARRAY();                                            \
 672             /* abandon @_ if it got reified */                          \
 673             av = MUTABLE_AV(PAD_SVl(0));                                \
 674             if (UNLIKELY(AvREAL(av)))                                   \
 675                 clear_defarray(av, 0);                                  \
 676             else {                                                      \
 677                 CLEAR_ARGARRAY(av);                                     \
 678             }                                                           \
 679         }                                                               \
 680         }                                                               \
 681         PL_comppad = cx->blk_sub.prevcomppad;                           \
 682         PL_curpad = LIKELY(PL_comppad) ? AvARRAY(PL_comppad) : NULL;    \
 683         CvDEPTH((const CV*)cx->blk_sub.cv) = cx->blk_sub.olddepth;      \
 684         SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cx->blk_sub.cv);                                \
 685         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;             \
 686     } STMT_END
 687
 688 #define POPFORMAT(cx)                                                   \
 689     STMT_START {                                                        \
 690         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 691         if (!(cx->blk_u16 & CxPOPSUB_DONE)) {                           \
 692         CV * const cv = cx->blk_format.cv;                              \
 693         GV * const dfuot = cx->blk_format.dfoutgv;                      \
 694         cx->blk_u16 |= CxPOPSUB_DONE;                                   \
 695         setdefout(dfuot);                                               \
 696         PL_comppad = cx->blk_format.prevcomppad;                        \
 697         PL_curpad = LIKELY(PL_comppad) ? AvARRAY(PL_comppad) : NULL;    \
 698         --CvDEPTH(cv);                                                  \
 699         SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cx->blk_format.cv);                             \
 700         SvREFCNT_dec_NN(dfuot);                                         \
 701         }                                                               \
 702         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;             \
 703     } STMT_END
 704
 705 /* eval context */
 706 struct block_eval {
 707     OP *        retop;  /* op to execute on exit from eval */
 708     /* Above here is the same for sub, format and eval.  */
 709     SV *        old_namesv;
 710     OP *        old_eval_root;
 711     SV *        cur_text;
 712     CV *        cv;
 713     JMPENV *    cur_top_env; /* value of PL_top_env when eval CX created */
 714 };
 715
 716 /* If we ever need more than 512 op types, change the shift from 7.
 717    blku_gimme is actually also only 2 bits, so could be merged with something.
 718 */
 719
 720 #define CxOLD_IN_EVAL(cx)       (((cx)->blk_u16) & 0x7F)
 721 #define CxOLD_OP_TYPE(cx)       (((cx)->blk_u16) >> 7)
 722
 723 #define PUSHEVAL(cx,n)                                                  \
 724     STMT_START {                                                        \
 725         assert(!(PL_in_eval & ~0x7F));                                  \
 726         assert(!(PL_op->op_type & ~0x1FF));                             \
 727         cx->blk_u16 = (PL_in_eval & 0x7F) | ((U16)PL_op->op_type << 7); \
 728         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 729         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;                                     \
 730         cx->blk_eval.old_namesv = (n ? newSVpv(n,0) : NULL);            \
 731         cx->blk_eval.old_eval_root = PL_eval_root;                      \
 732         cx->blk_eval.cur_text = PL_parser ? PL_parser->linestr : NULL;  \
 733         cx->blk_eval.cv = NULL; /* set by doeval(), as applicable */    \
 734         cx->blk_eval.retop = NULL;                                      \
 735         cx->blk_eval.cur_top_env = PL_top_env;                          \
 736     } STMT_END
 737
 738 #define POPEVAL(cx)                                                     \
 739     STMT_START {                                                        \
 740         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 741         PL_in_eval = CxOLD_IN_EVAL(cx);                                 \
 742         optype = CxOLD_OP_TYPE(cx);                                     \
 743         PL_eval_root = cx->blk_eval.old_eval_root;                      \
 744         if (cx->blk_eval.cur_text && SvSCREAM(cx->blk_eval.cur_text))   \
 745             SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cx->blk_eval.cur_text);                     \
 746         if (cx->blk_eval.old_namesv)                                    \
 747             sv_2mortal(cx->blk_eval.old_namesv);                        \
 748         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;             \
 749     } STMT_END
 750
 751 /* loop context */
 752 struct block_loop {
 753     I32         resetsp;
 754     LOOP *      my_op;  /* My op, that contains redo, next and last ops.  */
 755     union {     /* different ways of locating the iteration variable */
 756         SV      **svp; /* for lexicals: address of pad slot */
 757         GV      *gv;   /* for package vars */
 758     } itervar_u;
 759     SV          *itersave; /* the original iteration var */
 760     union {
 761         struct { /* valid if type is LOOP_FOR or LOOP_PLAIN (but {NULL,0})*/
 762             AV * ary; /* use the stack if this is NULL */
 763             IV ix;
 764         } ary;
 765         struct { /* valid if type is LOOP_LAZYIV */
 766             IV cur;
 767             IV end;
 768         } lazyiv;
 769         struct { /* valid if type if LOOP_LAZYSV */
 770             SV * cur;
 771             SV * end; /* maxiumum value (or minimum in reverse) */
 772         } lazysv;
 773     } state_u;
 774 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
 775     PAD *oldcomppad; /* needed to map itervar_u.svp during thread clone */
 776 #endif
 777 };
 778
 779 #define CxITERVAR(c)                                    \
 780         (CxPADLOOP(c)                                   \
 781             ? (c)->blk_loop.itervar_u.svp               \
 782             : ((c)->cx_type & CXp_FOR_GV)               \
 783                 ? &GvSV((c)->blk_loop.itervar_u.gv)     \
 784                 : (SV **)&(c)->blk_loop.itervar_u.gv)
 785
 786 #define CxLABEL(c)      (0 + CopLABEL((c)->blk_oldcop))
 787 #define CxLABEL_len(c,len)      (0 + CopLABEL_len((c)->blk_oldcop, len))
 788 #define CxLABEL_len_flags(c,len,flags)  (0 + CopLABEL_len_flags((c)->blk_oldcop, len, flags))
 789 #define CxHASARGS(c)    (((c)->cx_type & CXp_HASARGS) == CXp_HASARGS)
 790 #define CxLVAL(c)       (0 + ((c)->blk_u16 & 0xff))
 791 /* POPSUB has already been performed on this context frame */
 792 #define CxPOPSUB_DONE 0x100
 793
 794
 795 #define PUSHLOOP_PLAIN(cx, s)                                           \
 796         cx->blk_loop.resetsp = s - PL_stack_base;                       \
 797         cx->blk_loop.my_op = cLOOP;                                     \
 798         cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ary = NULL;                            \
 799         cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix = 0;                                \
 800         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix = PL_savestack_ix;        \
 801         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 802         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;                                     \
 803         cx->blk_loop.itervar_u.svp = NULL;                              \
 804         cx->blk_loop.itersave = NULL;
 805
 806 #ifdef USE_ITHREADS
 807 #  define PUSHLOOP_FOR_setpad(c) (c)->blk_loop.oldcomppad = PL_comppad
 808 #else
 809 #  define PUSHLOOP_FOR_setpad(c) NOOP
 810 #endif
 811
 812 #define PUSHLOOP_FOR(cx, ivar, isave, s)                                \
 813         cx->blk_loop.resetsp = s - PL_stack_base;                       \
 814         cx->blk_loop.my_op = cLOOP;                                     \
 815         cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ary = NULL;                            \
 816         cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix = 0;                                \
 817         cx->blk_loop.itervar_u.svp = (SV**)(ivar);                      \
 818         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix = PL_savestack_ix;        \
 819         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 820         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;                                     \
 821         cx->blk_loop.itersave = isave;                                  \
 822         PUSHLOOP_FOR_setpad(cx);
 823
 824 #define POPLOOP(cx)                                                     \
 825         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 826         if (CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_LAZYSV) {                            \
 827             SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazysv.cur);           \
 828             SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazysv.end);           \
 829         }                                                               \
 830         else if (CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_FOR)                            \
 831             SvREFCNT_dec(cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ary);                 \
 832         if (cx->cx_type & (CXp_FOR_PAD|CXp_FOR_GV)) {                   \
 833             SV *cursv;                                                  \
 834             SV **svp = (cx)->blk_loop.itervar_u.svp;                    \
 835             if ((cx->cx_type & CXp_FOR_GV))                             \
 836                 svp = &GvSV((GV*)svp);                                  \
 837             cursv = *svp;                                               \
 838             *svp = cx->blk_loop.itersave;                               \
 839             SvREFCNT_dec(cursv);                                        \
 840         }                                                               \
 841         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;
 842
 843 /* given/when context */
 844 struct block_givwhen {
 845         OP *leave_op;
 846         SV *defsv_save; /* the original $_ */
 847 };
 848
 849 #define PUSHWHEN(cx)                                                    \
 850         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix = PL_savestack_ix;        \
 851         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 852         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;                                     \
 853         cx->blk_givwhen.leave_op = cLOGOP->op_other;
 854
 855 #define PUSHGIVEN(cx, orig_var)                                         \
 856         PUSHWHEN(cx);                                                   \
 857         cx->blk_givwhen.defsv_save = orig_var;
 858
 859 #define POPWHEN(cx)                                                     \
 860         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 861         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;
 862
 863 #define POPGIVEN(cx)                                                    \
 864         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 865         SvREFCNT_dec(GvSV(PL_defgv));                                   \
 866         GvSV(PL_defgv) = cx->blk_givwhen.defsv_save;                    \
 867         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;
 868
 869
 870 /* basic block, i.e. pp_enter/leave */
 871
 872 #define PUSHBASICBLK(cx)                                                \
 873         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix = PL_savestack_ix;        \
 874         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = PL_tmps_floor;             \
 875         PL_tmps_floor = PL_tmps_ix;
 876
 877 #define POPBASICBLK(cx)                                                 \
 878         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
 879         PL_tmps_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;
 880
 881
 882 /* context common to subroutines, evals and loops */
 883 struct block {
 884     U8          blku_type;      /* what kind of context this is */
 885     U8          blku_gimme;     /* is this block running in list context? */
 886     U16         blku_u16;       /* used by block_sub and block_eval (so far) */
 887     I32         blku_oldsp;     /* stack pointer to copy stuff down to */
 888     COP *       blku_oldcop;    /* old curcop pointer */
 889     I32         blku_oldmarksp; /* mark stack index */
 890     I32         blku_oldscopesp;        /* scope stack index */
 891     PMOP *      blku_oldpm;     /* values of pattern match vars */
 892     SSize_t     blku_old_tmpsfloor;     /* saved PL_tmps_floor */
 893     I32         blku_old_savestack_ix;  /* saved PL_savestack_ix */
 894
 895     union {
 896         struct block_sub        blku_sub;
 897         struct block_format     blku_format;
 898         struct block_eval       blku_eval;
 899         struct block_loop       blku_loop;
 900         struct block_givwhen    blku_givwhen;
 901     } blk_u;
 902 };
 903 #define blk_oldsp       cx_u.cx_blk.blku_oldsp
 904 #define blk_oldcop      cx_u.cx_blk.blku_oldcop
 905 #define blk_oldmarksp   cx_u.cx_blk.blku_oldmarksp
 906 #define blk_oldscopesp  cx_u.cx_blk.blku_oldscopesp
 907 #define blk_oldpm       cx_u.cx_blk.blku_oldpm
 908 #define blk_gimme       cx_u.cx_blk.blku_gimme
 909 #define blk_u16         cx_u.cx_blk.blku_u16
 910 #define blk_sub         cx_u.cx_blk.blk_u.blku_sub
 911 #define blk_format      cx_u.cx_blk.blk_u.blku_format
 912 #define blk_eval        cx_u.cx_blk.blk_u.blku_eval
 913 #define blk_loop        cx_u.cx_blk.blk_u.blku_loop
 914 #define blk_givwhen     cx_u.cx_blk.blk_u.blku_givwhen
 915
 916 #define DEBUG_CX(action)                                                \
 917     DEBUG_l(                                                            \
 918         Perl_deb(aTHX_ "CX %ld %s %s (scope %ld,%ld) (save %ld,%ld) at %s:%d\n",\
 919                     (long)cxstack_ix,                                   \
 920                     action,                                             \
 921                     PL_block_type[CxTYPE(&cxstack[cxstack_ix])],        \
 922                     (long)PL_scopestack_ix,                             \
 923                     (long)(cxstack[cxstack_ix].blk_oldscopesp),         \
 924                     (long)PL_savestack_ix,                              \
 925                     (long)(cxstack[cxstack_ix].cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix),\
 926                     __FILE__, __LINE__));
 927
 928 /* Enter a block. */
 929 #define PUSHBLOCK(cx,t,sp) CXINC, cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix],            \
 930         cx->cx_type             = t,                                    \
 931         cx->blk_oldsp           = sp - PL_stack_base,                   \
 932         cx->blk_oldcop          = PL_curcop,                            \
 933         cx->blk_oldmarksp       = PL_markstack_ptr - PL_markstack,      \
 934         cx->blk_oldscopesp      = PL_scopestack_ix,                     \
 935         cx->blk_oldpm           = PL_curpm,                             \
 936         cx->blk_gimme           = (U8)gimme;                            \
 937         DEBUG_CX("PUSH");
 938
 939 /* Exit a block (RETURN and LAST). */
 940 #define POPBLOCK(cx)                                                    \
 941         DEBUG_CX("POP");                                                \
 942         PL_curcop        = cx->blk_oldcop,                              \
 943         PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack + cx->blk_oldmarksp,            \
 944         PL_scopestack_ix = cx->blk_oldscopesp,                          \
 945         /* LEAVE_SCOPE() should have made this true. /(?{})/ cheats
 946          * and leaves a CX entry lying around for repeated use, so
 947          * skip for multicall */                  \
 948         assert((CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_SUB && CxMULTICALL(cx)) ||            \
 949             PL_savestack_ix == cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix);  \
 950         PL_curpm         = cx->blk_oldpm;
 951
 952 /* Continue a block elsewhere (NEXT and REDO). */
 953 #define TOPBLOCK(cx)                                                    \
 954         DEBUG_CX("TOP");                                                \
 955         cx  = &cxstack[cxstack_ix],                                     \
 956         PL_stack_sp      = PL_stack_base + cx->blk_oldsp,               \
 957         PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack + cx->blk_oldmarksp,            \
 958         PL_scopestack_ix = cx->blk_oldscopesp,                          \
 959         PL_curpm         = cx->blk_oldpm;
 960
 961 /* substitution context */
 962 struct subst {
 963     U8          sbu_type;       /* what kind of context this is */
 964     U8          sbu_rflags;
 965     U16         sbu_rxtainted;  /* matches struct block */
 966     I32         sbu_oldsave;
 967     SSize_t     sbu_iters;
 968     SSize_t     sbu_maxiters;
 969     char *      sbu_orig;
 970     SV *        sbu_dstr;
 971     SV *        sbu_targ;
 972     char *      sbu_s;
 973     char *      sbu_m;
 974     char *      sbu_strend;
 975     void *      sbu_rxres;
 976     REGEXP *    sbu_rx;
 977 };
 978 #define sb_iters        cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_iters
 979 #define sb_maxiters     cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_maxiters
 980 #define sb_rflags       cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_rflags
 981 #define sb_oldsave      cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_oldsave
 982 #define sb_rxtainted    cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_rxtainted
 983 #define sb_orig         cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_orig
 984 #define sb_dstr         cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_dstr
 985 #define sb_targ         cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_targ
 986 #define sb_s            cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_s
 987 #define sb_m            cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_m
 988 #define sb_strend       cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_strend
 989 #define sb_rxres        cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_rxres
 990 #define sb_rx           cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_rx
 991
 992 #ifdef PERL_CORE
 993 #  define PUSHSUBST(cx) CXINC, cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix],               \
 994         cx->sb_iters            = iters,                                \
 995         cx->sb_maxiters         = maxiters,                             \
 996         cx->sb_rflags           = r_flags,                              \
 997         cx->sb_oldsave          = oldsave,                              \
 998         cx->sb_rxtainted        = rxtainted,                            \
 999         cx->sb_orig             = orig,                                 \
1000         cx->sb_dstr             = dstr,                                 \
1001         cx->sb_targ             = targ,                                 \
1002         cx->sb_s                = s,                                    \
1003         cx->sb_m                = m,                                    \
1004         cx->sb_strend           = strend,                               \
1005         cx->sb_rxres            = NULL,                                 \
1006         cx->sb_rx               = rx,                                   \
1007         cx->cx_type             = CXt_SUBST | (once ? CXp_ONCE : 0);    \
1008         rxres_save(&cx->sb_rxres, rx);                                  \
1009         (void)ReREFCNT_inc(rx);                                         \
1010         SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(targ)
1011
1012 #  define POPSUBST(cx) cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix--];                     \
1013         rxres_free(&cx->sb_rxres);                                      \
1014         ReREFCNT_dec(cx->sb_rx);                                        \
1015         SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cx->sb_targ)
1016 #endif
1017
1018 #define CxONCE(cx)              ((cx)->cx_type & CXp_ONCE)
1019
1020 struct context {
1021     union {
1022         struct block    cx_blk;
1023         struct subst    cx_subst;
1024     } cx_u;
1025 };
1026 #define cx_type cx_u.cx_subst.sbu_type
1027
1028 /* If you re-order these, there is also an array of uppercase names in perl.h
1029    and a static array of context names in pp_ctl.c  */
1030 #define CXTYPEMASK      0xf
1031 #define CXt_NULL        0 /* currently only used for sort BLOCK */
1032 #define CXt_WHEN        1
1033 #define CXt_BLOCK       2
1034 /* When micro-optimising :-) keep GIVEN next to the LOOPs, as these 5 share a
1035    jump table in pp_ctl.c
1036    The first 4 don't have a 'case' in at least one switch statement in pp_ctl.c
1037 */
1038 #define CXt_GIVEN       3
1039 /* This is first so that CXt_LOOP_FOR|CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV is CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV */
1040 #define CXt_LOOP_FOR    4
1041 #define CXt_LOOP_PLAIN  5
1042 #define CXt_LOOP_LAZYSV 6
1043 #define CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV 7
1044 #define CXt_SUB         8
1045 #define CXt_FORMAT      9
1046 #define CXt_EVAL       10
1047 #define CXt_SUBST      11
1048 /* SUBST doesn't feature in all switch statements.  */
1049
1050 /* private flags for CXt_SUB and CXt_FORMAT */
1051 #define CXp_MULTICALL   0x10    /* part of a multicall (so don't tear down
1052                                    context on exit). (not CXt_FORMAT) */
1053 #define CXp_HASARGS     0x20
1054 #define CXp_SUB_RE      0x40    /* code called within regex, i.e. (?{}) */
1055 #define CXp_SUB_RE_FAKE 0x80    /* fake sub CX for (?{}) in current scope */
1056
1057 /* private flags for CXt_EVAL */
1058 #define CXp_REAL        0x20    /* truly eval'', not a lookalike */
1059 #define CXp_TRYBLOCK    0x40    /* eval{}, not eval'' or similar */
1060
1061 /* private flags for CXt_LOOP */
1062 #define CXp_FOR_DEF     0x10    /* foreach using $_ */
1063 #define CXp_FOR_LVREF   0x20    /* foreach using \$var */
1064 #define CXp_FOR_GV      0x40    /* foreach using package var */
1065 #define CXp_FOR_PAD     0x80    /* foreach using lexical var */
1066 #define CxPADLOOP(c)    ((c)->cx_type & CXp_FOR_PAD)
1067
1068 /* private flags for CXt_SUBST */
1069 #define CXp_ONCE        0x10    /* What was sbu_once in struct subst */
1070
1071 #define CxTYPE(c)       ((c)->cx_type & CXTYPEMASK)
1072 #define CxTYPE_is_LOOP(c)       (((c)->cx_type & 0xC) == 0x4)
1073 #define CxMULTICALL(c)  ((c)->cx_type & CXp_MULTICALL)
1074 #define CxREALEVAL(c)   (((c)->cx_type & (CXTYPEMASK|CXp_REAL))         \
1075                          == (CXt_EVAL|CXp_REAL))
1076 #define CxTRYBLOCK(c)   (((c)->cx_type & (CXTYPEMASK|CXp_TRYBLOCK))     \
1077                          == (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK))
1078 #define CxFOREACH(c)    (CxTYPE_is_LOOP(c) && CxTYPE(c) != CXt_LOOP_PLAIN)
1079 #define CxFOREACHDEF(c) ((CxTYPE_is_LOOP(c) && CxTYPE(c) != CXt_LOOP_PLAIN) \
1080                          && ((c)->cx_type & CXp_FOR_DEF))
1081
1082 #define CXINC (cxstack_ix < cxstack_max ? ++cxstack_ix : (cxstack_ix = cxinc()))
1083
1084 /*
1085 =head1 "Gimme" Values
1086 */
1087
1088 /*
1089 =for apidoc AmU||G_SCALAR
1090 Used to indicate scalar context.  See C<L</GIMME_V>>, C<L</GIMME>>, and
1091 L<perlcall>.
1092
1093 =for apidoc AmU||G_ARRAY
1094 Used to indicate list context.  See C<L</GIMME_V>>, C<L</GIMME>> and
1095 L<perlcall>.
1096
1097 =for apidoc AmU||G_VOID
1098 Used to indicate void context.  See C<L</GIMME_V>> and L<perlcall>.
1099
1100 =for apidoc AmU||G_DISCARD
1101 Indicates that arguments returned from a callback should be discarded.  See
1102 L<perlcall>.
1103
1104 =for apidoc AmU||G_EVAL
1105
1106 Used to force a Perl C<eval> wrapper around a callback.  See
1107 L<perlcall>.
1108
1109 =for apidoc AmU||G_NOARGS
1110
1111 Indicates that no arguments are being sent to a callback.  See
1112 L<perlcall>.
1113
1114 =cut
1115 */
1116
1117 #define G_SCALAR        2
1118 #define G_ARRAY         3
1119 #define G_VOID          1
1120 #define G_WANT          3
1121
1122 /* extra flags for Perl_call_* routines */
1123 #define G_DISCARD       4       /* Call FREETMPS.
1124                                    Don't change this without consulting the
1125                                    hash actions codes defined in hv.h */
1126 #define G_EVAL          8       /* Assume eval {} around subroutine call. */
1127 #define G_NOARGS       16       /* Don't construct a @_ array. */
1128 #define G_KEEPERR      32       /* Warn for errors, don't overwrite $@ */
1129 #define G_NODEBUG      64       /* Disable debugging at toplevel.  */
1130 #define G_METHOD      128       /* Calling method. */
1131 #define G_FAKINGEVAL  256       /* Faking an eval context for call_sv or
1132                                    fold_constants. */
1133 #define G_UNDEF_FILL  512       /* Fill the stack with &PL_sv_undef
1134                                    A special case for UNSHIFT in
1135                                    Perl_magic_methcall().  */
1136 #define G_WRITING_TO_STDERR 1024 /* Perl_write_to_stderr() is calling
1137                                     Perl_magic_methcall().  */
1138 #define G_RE_REPARSING 0x800     /* compiling a run-time /(?{..})/ */
1139 #define G_METHOD_NAMED 4096     /* calling named method, eg without :: or ' */
1140
1141 /* flag bits for PL_in_eval */
1142 #define EVAL_NULL       0       /* not in an eval */
1143 #define EVAL_INEVAL     1       /* some enclosing scope is an eval */
1144 #define EVAL_WARNONLY   2       /* used by yywarn() when calling yyerror() */
1145 #define EVAL_KEEPERR    4       /* set by Perl_call_sv if G_KEEPERR */
1146 #define EVAL_INREQUIRE  8       /* The code is being required. */
1147 #define EVAL_RE_REPARSING 0x10  /* eval_sv() called with G_RE_REPARSING */
1148
1149 /* Support for switching (stack and block) contexts.
1150  * This ensures magic doesn't invalidate local stack and cx pointers.
1151  */
1152
1153 #define PERLSI_UNKNOWN          -1
1154 #define PERLSI_UNDEF            0
1155 #define PERLSI_MAIN             1
1156 #define PERLSI_MAGIC            2
1157 #define PERLSI_SORT             3
1158 #define PERLSI_SIGNAL           4
1159 #define PERLSI_OVERLOAD         5
1160 #define PERLSI_DESTROY          6
1161 #define PERLSI_WARNHOOK         7
1162 #define PERLSI_DIEHOOK          8
1163 #define PERLSI_REQUIRE          9
1164 #define PERLSI_MULTICALL       10
1165
1166 struct stackinfo {
1167     AV *                si_stack;       /* stack for current runlevel */
1168     PERL_CONTEXT *      si_cxstack;     /* context stack for runlevel */
1169     struct stackinfo *  si_prev;
1170     struct stackinfo *  si_next;
1171     I32                 si_cxix;        /* current context index */
1172     I32                 si_cxmax;       /* maximum allocated index */
1173     I32                 si_type;        /* type of runlevel */
1174     I32                 si_markoff;     /* offset where markstack begins for us.
1175                                          * currently used only with DEBUGGING,
1176                                          * but not #ifdef-ed for bincompat */
1177 };
1178
1179 typedef struct stackinfo PERL_SI;
1180
1181 #define cxstack         (PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack)
1182 #define cxstack_ix      (PL_curstackinfo->si_cxix)
1183 #define cxstack_max     (PL_curstackinfo->si_cxmax)
1184
1185 #ifdef DEBUGGING
1186 #  define       SET_MARK_OFFSET \
1187     PL_curstackinfo->si_markoff = PL_markstack_ptr - PL_markstack
1188 #else
1189 #  define       SET_MARK_OFFSET NOOP
1190 #endif
1191
1192 #define PUSHSTACKi(type) \
1193     STMT_START {                                                        \
1194         PERL_SI *next = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;                       \
1195         DEBUG_l({                                                       \
1196             int i = 0; PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo;                    \
1197             while (p) { i++; p = p->si_prev; }                          \
1198             Perl_deb(aTHX_ "push STACKINFO %d at %s:%d\n",              \
1199                          i, __FILE__, __LINE__);})                      \
1200         if (!next) {                                                    \
1201             next = new_stackinfo(32, 2048/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1);    \
1202             next->si_prev = PL_curstackinfo;                            \
1203             PL_curstackinfo->si_next = next;                            \
1204         }                                                               \
1205         next->si_type = type;                                           \
1206         next->si_cxix = -1;                                             \
1207         AvFILLp(next->si_stack) = 0;                                    \
1208         SWITCHSTACK(PL_curstack,next->si_stack);                        \
1209         PL_curstackinfo = next;                                         \
1210         SET_MARK_OFFSET;                                                \
1211     } STMT_END
1212
1213 #define PUSHSTACK PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_UNKNOWN)
1214
1215 /* POPSTACK works with PL_stack_sp, so it may need to be bracketed by
1216  * PUTBACK/SPAGAIN to flush/refresh any local SP that may be active */
1217 #define POPSTACK \
1218     STMT_START {                                                        \
1219         dSP;                                                            \
1220         PERL_SI * const prev = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;                \
1221         DEBUG_l({                                                       \
1222             int i = -1; PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo;                   \
1223             while (p) { i++; p = p->si_prev; }                          \
1224             Perl_deb(aTHX_ "pop  STACKINFO %d at %s:%d\n",              \
1225                          i, __FILE__, __LINE__);})                      \
1226         if (!prev) {                                                    \
1227             Perl_croak_popstack();                                      \
1228         }                                                               \
1229         SWITCHSTACK(PL_curstack,prev->si_stack);                        \
1230         /* don't free prev here, free them all at the END{} */          \
1231         PL_curstackinfo = prev;                                         \
1232     } STMT_END
1233
1234 #define POPSTACK_TO(s) \
1235     STMT_START {                                                        \
1236         while (PL_curstack != s) {                                      \
1237             dounwind(-1);                                               \
1238             POPSTACK;                                                   \
1239         }                                                               \
1240     } STMT_END
1241
1242 #define IN_PERL_COMPILETIME     (PL_curcop == &PL_compiling)
1243 #define IN_PERL_RUNTIME         (PL_curcop != &PL_compiling)
1244
1245 /*
1246 =head1 Multicall Functions
1247
1248 =for apidoc Ams||dMULTICALL
1249 Declare local variables for a multicall.  See L<perlcall/LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS>.
1250
1251 =for apidoc Ams||PUSH_MULTICALL
1252 Opening bracket for a lightweight callback.
1253 See L<perlcall/LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS>.
1254
1255 =for apidoc Ams||MULTICALL
1256 Make a lightweight callback.  See L<perlcall/LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS>.
1257
1258 =for apidoc Ams||POP_MULTICALL
1259 Closing bracket for a lightweight callback.
1260 See L<perlcall/LIGHTWEIGHT CALLBACKS>.
1261
1262 =cut
1263 */
1264
1265 #define dMULTICALL \
1266     SV **newsp;                 /* set by POPBLOCK */                   \
1267     PERL_CONTEXT *cx;                                                   \
1268     CV *multicall_cv;                                                   \
1269     OP *multicall_cop;                                                  \
1270     bool multicall_oldcatch;                                            \
1271     U8 hasargs = 0              /* used by PUSHSUB */
1272
1273 #define PUSH_MULTICALL(the_cv) \
1274     PUSH_MULTICALL_FLAGS(the_cv, 0)
1275
1276 /* Like PUSH_MULTICALL, but allows you to specify extra flags
1277  * for the CX stack entry (this isn't part of the public API) */
1278
1279 #define PUSH_MULTICALL_FLAGS(the_cv, flags) \
1280     STMT_START {                                                        \
1281         CV * const _nOnclAshIngNamE_ = the_cv;                          \
1282         CV * const cv = _nOnclAshIngNamE_;                              \
1283         PADLIST * const padlist = CvPADLIST(cv);                        \
1284         multicall_oldcatch = CATCH_GET;                                 \
1285         CATCH_SET(TRUE);                                                \
1286         PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MULTICALL);                                   \
1287         PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_SUB|CXp_MULTICALL|flags), PL_stack_sp);      \
1288         PUSHSUB(cx);                                                    \
1289         cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_savestack_ix = PL_savestack_ix;        \
1290         SAVEVPTR(PL_op);                                                \
1291         if (!(flags & CXp_SUB_RE_FAKE))                                 \
1292             CvDEPTH(cv)++;                                              \
1293         if (CvDEPTH(cv) >= 2) {                                         \
1294             PERL_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK();                                \
1295             Perl_pad_push(aTHX_ padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));                  \
1296         }                                                               \
1297         PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));                       \
1298         multicall_cv = cv;                                              \
1299         multicall_cop = CvSTART(cv);                                    \
1300     } STMT_END
1301
1302 #define MULTICALL \
1303     STMT_START {                                                        \
1304         PL_op = multicall_cop;                                          \
1305         CALLRUNOPS(aTHX);                                               \
1306     } STMT_END
1307
1308 #define POP_MULTICALL \
1309     STMT_START {                                                        \
1310         cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix];                                      \
1311         CvDEPTH(multicall_cv) = cx->blk_sub.olddepth;                   \
1312         /* includes partial unrolled POPSUB(): */                       \
1313         CX_LEAVE_SCOPE(cx);                                             \
1314         PL_comppad = cx->blk_sub.prevcomppad;                           \
1315         PL_curpad = LIKELY(PL_comppad) ? AvARRAY(PL_comppad) : NULL;    \
1316         SvREFCNT_dec_NN(multicall_cv);                                  \
1317         /* these two set for backcompat by callers */                   \
1318         newsp = PL_stack_base + cx->blk_oldsp;                          \
1319         gimme = cx->blk_gimme;                                          \
1320         POPBLOCK(cx);                                           \
1321         cxstack_ix--;                                                   \
1322         POPSTACK;                                                       \
1323         CATCH_SET(multicall_oldcatch);                                  \
1324         SPAGAIN;                                                        \
1325     } STMT_END
1326
1327 /* Change the CV of an already-pushed MULTICALL CxSUB block.
1328  * (this isn't part of the public API) */
1329
1330 #define CHANGE_MULTICALL_FLAGS(the_cv, flags) \
1331     STMT_START {                                                        \
1332         CV * const _nOnclAshIngNamE_ = the_cv;                          \
1333         CV * const cv = _nOnclAshIngNamE_;                              \
1334         PADLIST * const padlist = CvPADLIST(cv);                        \
1335         cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix];                                      \
1336         assert(CxMULTICALL(cx));                                        \
1337         CvDEPTH(multicall_cv) = cx->blk_sub.olddepth;                   \
1338         SvREFCNT_dec_NN(multicall_cv);                                  \
1339         cx->cx_type = (CXt_SUB|CXp_MULTICALL|flags);                    \
1340         {                                                               \
1341             /* save a few things that we don't want PUSHSUB to zap */   \
1342             PAD * const prevcomppad = cx->blk_sub.prevcomppad;          \
1343             SSize_t old_floor = cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor;     \
1344             SSize_t floor = PL_tmps_floor;                              \
1345             PUSHSUB(cx);                                                \
1346             /* undo the stuff that PUSHSUB zapped */                    \
1347             cx->blk_sub.prevcomppad = prevcomppad ;                     \
1348             cx->cx_u.cx_blk.blku_old_tmpsfloor = old_floor;             \
1349             PL_tmps_floor = floor;                                      \
1350         }                                                               \
1351         if (!(flags & CXp_SUB_RE_FAKE))                                 \
1352             CvDEPTH(cv)++;                                              \
1353         if (CvDEPTH(cv) >= 2) {                                         \
1354             PERL_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK();                                \
1355             Perl_pad_push(aTHX_ padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));                  \
1356         }                                                               \
1357         PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));                       \
1358         multicall_cv = cv;                                              \
1359         multicall_cop = CvSTART(cv);                                    \
1360     } STMT_END
1361 /*
1362  * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
1363  */