7 if (($Config::Config{'extensions'} !~ m!\bList/Util\b!) ){
8 print "1..0 # Skip -- Perl configured without List::Util module\n";
15 # Anonymous subroutines:
16 '+' => sub {new Oscalar $ {$_[0]}+$_[1]},
17 '-' => sub {new Oscalar
18 $_[2]? $_[1]-${$_[0]} : ${$_[0]}-$_[1]},
19 '<=>' => sub {new Oscalar
20 $_[2]? $_[1]-${$_[0]} : ${$_[0]}-$_[1]},
21 'cmp' => sub {new Oscalar
22 $_[2]? ($_[1] cmp ${$_[0]}) : (${$_[0]} cmp $_[1])},
23 '*' => sub {new Oscalar ${$_[0]}*$_[1]},
24 '/' => sub {new Oscalar
25 $_[2]? $_[1]/${$_[0]} :
27 '%' => sub {new Oscalar
28 $_[2]? $_[1]%${$_[0]} : ${$_[0]}%$_[1]},
29 '**' => sub {new Oscalar
30 $_[2]? $_[1]**${$_[0]} : ${$_[0]}-$_[1]},
34 0+ numify) # Order of arguments insignificant
42 sub stringify { "${$_[0]}" }
43 sub numify { 0 + "${$_[0]}" } # Not needed, additional overhead
44 # comparing to direct compilation based on
50 BEGIN { require './test.pl' }
53 use Scalar::Util qw(tainted);
55 $a = new Oscalar "087";
60 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
66 is(ref $c, "Oscalar");
72 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
76 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
79 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
84 is(ref $c, "Oscalar");
87 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
92 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
95 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
97 eval q[ package Oscalar; use overload ('++' => sub { $ {$_[0]}++;$_[0] } ) ];
101 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
105 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
108 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
111 $dummy=bless \$dummy; # Now cache of method should be reloaded
117 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
120 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
122 undef $b; # Destroying updates tables too...
124 eval q[package Oscalar; use overload ('++' => sub { $ {$_[0]} += 2; $_[0] } ) ];
128 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
132 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
135 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
138 $dummy=bless \$dummy; # Now cache of method should be reloaded
143 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
146 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
151 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
154 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
159 eval q[ package Oscalar; use overload ('=' => sub {$main::copies++;
161 local $new=$ {$_[0]};
166 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
169 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
173 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
176 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
181 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
184 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
190 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
193 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
199 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
202 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
205 eval q[package Oscalar; use overload ('+=' => sub {$ {$_[0]} += 3*"$_[1]";
207 $c=new Oscalar; # Cause rehash
212 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
215 is(ref $a, "Oscalar");
220 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
225 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
231 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
237 is(ref $b, "Oscalar");
241 eval q[package Oscalar;
242 use overload ('x' => sub {new Oscalar ( $_[2] ? "_.$_[1]._" x $ {$_[0]}
243 : "_.${$_[0]}._" x $_[1])}) ];
247 is($a, "_.yy.__.yy.__.yy._");
249 eval q[package Oscalar;
250 use overload ('.' => sub {new Oscalar ( $_[2] ?
251 "_.$_[1].__.$ {$_[0]}._"
252 : "_.$ {$_[0]}.__.$_[1]._")}) ];
256 is("b${a}c", "_._.b.__.xx._.__.c._");
258 # Check inheritance of overloading;
264 $aI = new OscalarI "$a";
265 is(ref $aI, "OscalarI");
268 is("b${aI}c", "_._.b.__.xx._.__.c._");
270 # Here we test that both "no overload" and
271 # blessing to a package update hash
273 eval "package Oscalar; no overload '.'";
278 is("b${a}c", "bxxc");
280 is("b${a}c", "bxxc");
282 # Negative overloading:
285 like($@, qr/no method found/);
290 sub { *{"Oscalar::$AUTOLOAD"} = sub {"_!_" . shift() . "_!_"} ;
291 goto &{"Oscalar::$AUTOLOAD"}};
293 eval "package Oscalar; sub comple; use overload '~' => 'comple'";
300 $na = eval { ~$a }; # Hash updated
301 warn "'$na', $@" if $@;
318 eval "package Oscalar; sub rshft; use overload '>>' => 'rshft'";
320 $na = eval { $aI >> 1 };
327 $na = eval { $aI >> 1 };
333 # warn overload::Method($a, '0+'), "\n";
334 is(overload::Method($a, '0+'), \&Oscalar::numify);
335 is(overload::Method($aI,'0+'), \&Oscalar::numify);
336 ok(overload::Overloaded($aI));
337 ok(!overload::Overloaded('overload'));
339 ok(! defined overload::Method($aI, '<<'));
340 ok(! defined overload::Method($a, '<'));
342 like (overload::StrVal($aI), qr/^OscalarI=SCALAR\(0x[\da-fA-F]+\)$/);
343 is(overload::StrVal(\$aI), "@{[\$aI]}");
345 # Check overloading by methods (specified deep in the ISA tree).
349 sub Oscalar::lshft {"_<<_" . shift() . "_<<_"}
350 eval "package OscalarI; use overload '<<' => 'lshft', '|' => 'lshft'";
355 bless $aII, 'OscalarII';
356 bless \$fake, 'OscalarI'; # update the hash
357 is(($aI | 3), '_<<_xx_<<_');
359 is(($aII << 3), '_<<_087_<<_');
362 BEGIN { $int = 7; overload::constant 'integer' => sub {$int++; shift}; }
369 BEGIN { overload::constant 'integer' => sub {$int++; shift()+1}; }
378 BEGIN { $q = $qr = 7;
379 overload::constant 'q' => sub {$q++; push @q, shift, ($_[1] || 'none'); shift},
380 'qr' => sub {$qr++; push @qr, shift, ($_[1] || 'none'); shift}; }
383 $out2 = "a\a$foo,\,";
389 is($out1, 'f\'o\\o');
391 is($out2, "a\afoo,\,");
392 is("@q", "foo q f'o\\\\o q a\\a qq ,\\, qq");
394 is("@qr", "b\\b qq .\\. qq");
398 $_ = '!<b>!foo!<-.>!';
399 BEGIN { overload::constant 'q' => sub {push @q1, shift, ($_[1] || 'none'); "_<" . (shift) . ">_"},
400 'qr' => sub {push @qr1, shift, ($_[1] || 'none'); "!<" . (shift) . ">!"}; }
403 $out2 = "a\a$foo,\,";
413 s'first part'second part';
414 s/yet another/tail here/;
419 is($out1, '_<f\'o\\o>_');
420 is($out2, "_<a\a>_foo_<,\,>_");
421 is("@q1", "foo q f'o\\\\o q a\\a qq ,\\, qq oups
423 q second part q tail here s A-Z tr a-z tr");
424 is("@qr1", "b\\b qq .\\. qq try it q first part q yet another qq");
433 package symbolic; # Primitive symbolic calculator
434 use overload nomethod => \&wrap, '""' => \&str, '0+' => \&num,
435 '=' => \&cpy, '++' => \&inc, '--' => \&dec;
437 sub new { shift; bless ['n', @_] }
440 bless [@$self], ref $self;
442 sub inc { $_[0] = bless ['++', $_[0], 1]; }
443 sub dec { $_[0] = bless ['--', $_[0], 1]; }
445 my ($obj, $other, $inv, $meth) = @_;
446 if ($meth eq '++' or $meth eq '--') {
447 @$obj = ($meth, (bless [@$obj]), 1); # Avoid circular reference
450 ($obj, $other) = ($other, $obj) if $inv;
451 bless [$meth, $obj, $other];
454 my ($meth, $a, $b) = @{+shift};
455 $a = 'u' unless defined $a;
462 my %subr = ( 'n' => sub {$_[0]} );
463 foreach my $op (split " ", $overload::ops{with_assign}) {
464 $subr{$op} = $subr{"$op="} = eval "sub {shift() $op shift()}";
466 my @bins = qw(binary 3way_comparison num_comparison str_comparison);
467 foreach my $op (split " ", "@overload::ops{ @bins }") {
468 $subr{$op} = eval "sub {shift() $op shift()}";
470 foreach my $op (split " ", "@overload::ops{qw(unary func)}") {
471 $subr{$op} = eval "sub {$op shift()}";
473 $subr{'++'} = $subr{'+'};
474 $subr{'--'} = $subr{'-'};
477 my ($meth, $a, $b) = @{+shift};
478 my $subr = $subr{$meth}
479 or die "Do not know how to ($meth) in symbolic";
480 $a = $a->num if ref $a eq __PACKAGE__;
481 $b = $b->num if ref $b eq __PACKAGE__;
484 sub TIESCALAR { my $pack = shift; $pack->new(@_) }
486 sub nop { } # Around a bug
487 sub vars { my $p = shift; tie($_, $p), $_->nop foreach @_; }
496 my $foo = new symbolic 11;
498 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '12');
499 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '11');
502 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '13');
503 is((sprintf "%d", $bar), '12');
504 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '13');
507 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '14');
508 is((sprintf "%d", $bar), '12');
509 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '14');
510 is((sprintf "%d", $ban), '13');
513 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '15');
514 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '14');
515 is("$foo", '[++ [+= [++ [++ [n 11] 1] 1] 1] 1]');
519 my $iter = new symbolic 2;
520 my $side = new symbolic 1;
524 $cnt = $cnt - 1; # The "simple" way
525 $side = (sqrt(1 + $side**2) - 1)/$side;
527 my $pi = $side*(2**($iter+2));
528 is("$side", '[/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]] 2]]] 1] [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]]]');
529 is((sprintf "%f", $pi), '3.182598');
533 my $iter = new symbolic 2;
534 my $side = new symbolic 1;
538 $side = (sqrt(1 + $side**2) - 1)/$side;
540 my $pi = $side*(2**($iter+2));
541 is("$side", '[/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]] 2]]] 1] [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]]]');
542 is((sprintf "%f", $pi), '3.182598');
547 symbolic->vars($a, $b);
548 my $c = sqrt($a**2 + $b**2);
550 is((sprintf "%d", $c), '5');
552 is((sprintf "%d", $c), '13');
556 package symbolic1; # Primitive symbolic calculator
558 use overload nomethod => \&wrap, '""' => \&str, '0+' => \&num, '=' => \&cpy;
560 sub new { shift; bless ['n', @_] }
563 bless [@$self], ref $self;
566 my ($obj, $other, $inv, $meth) = @_;
567 if ($meth eq '++' or $meth eq '--') {
568 @$obj = ($meth, (bless [@$obj]), 1); # Avoid circular reference
571 ($obj, $other) = ($other, $obj) if $inv;
572 bless [$meth, $obj, $other];
575 my ($meth, $a, $b) = @{+shift};
576 $a = 'u' unless defined $a;
583 my %subr = ( 'n' => sub {$_[0]} );
584 foreach my $op (split " ", $overload::ops{with_assign}) {
585 $subr{$op} = $subr{"$op="} = eval "sub {shift() $op shift()}";
587 my @bins = qw(binary 3way_comparison num_comparison str_comparison);
588 foreach my $op (split " ", "@overload::ops{ @bins }") {
589 $subr{$op} = eval "sub {shift() $op shift()}";
591 foreach my $op (split " ", "@overload::ops{qw(unary func)}") {
592 $subr{$op} = eval "sub {$op shift()}";
594 $subr{'++'} = $subr{'+'};
595 $subr{'--'} = $subr{'-'};
598 my ($meth, $a, $b) = @{+shift};
599 my $subr = $subr{$meth}
600 or die "Do not know how to ($meth) in symbolic";
601 $a = $a->num if ref $a eq __PACKAGE__;
602 $b = $b->num if ref $b eq __PACKAGE__;
605 sub TIESCALAR { my $pack = shift; $pack->new(@_) }
607 sub vars { my $p = shift; tie($_, $p) foreach @_; }
616 my $foo = new symbolic1 11;
618 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '12');
619 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '11');
622 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '13');
623 is((sprintf "%d", $bar), '12');
624 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '13');
627 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '14');
628 is((sprintf "%d", $bar), '12');
629 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '14');
630 is((sprintf "%d", $ban), '13');
633 is((sprintf "%d", $foo), '15');
634 is((sprintf "%d", $baz), '14');
635 is("$foo", '[++ [+= [++ [++ [n 11] 1] 1] 1] 1]');
639 my $iter = new symbolic1 2;
640 my $side = new symbolic1 1;
644 $cnt = $cnt - 1; # The "simple" way
645 $side = (sqrt(1 + $side**2) - 1)/$side;
647 my $pi = $side*(2**($iter+2));
648 is("$side", '[/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]] 2]]] 1] [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]]]');
649 is((sprintf "%f", $pi), '3.182598');
653 my $iter = new symbolic1 2;
654 my $side = new symbolic1 1;
658 $side = (sqrt(1 + $side**2) - 1)/$side;
660 my $pi = $side*(2**($iter+2));
661 is("$side", '[/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]] 2]]] 1] [/ [- [sqrt [+ 1 [** [n 1] 2]]] 1] [n 1]]]');
662 is((sprintf "%f", $pi), '3.182598');
667 symbolic1->vars($a, $b);
668 my $c = sqrt($a**2 + $b**2);
670 is((sprintf "%d", $c), '5');
672 is((sprintf "%d", $c), '13');
676 package two_face; # Scalars with separate string and
678 sub new { my $p = shift; bless [@_], $p }
679 use overload '""' => \&str, '0+' => \&num, fallback => 1;
685 my $seven = new two_face ("vii", 7);
686 is((sprintf "seven=$seven, seven=%d, eight=%d", $seven, $seven+1),
687 'seven=vii, seven=7, eight=8');
688 is(scalar ($seven =~ /i/), '1');
693 use overload 'cmp' => \∁
694 sub new { my ($p, $v) = @_; bless \$v, $p }
695 sub comp { my ($x,$y) = @_; ($$x * 3 % 10) <=> ($$y * 3 % 10) or $$x cmp $$y }
698 my @arr = map sorting->new($_), 0..12;
699 my @sorted1 = sort @arr;
700 my @sorted2 = map $$_, @sorted1;
701 is("@sorted2", '0 10 7 4 1 11 8 5 12 2 9 6 3');
705 use overload '<>' => \&iter;
706 sub new { my ($p, $v) = @_; bless \$v, $p }
707 sub iter { my ($x) = @_; return undef if $$x < 0; return $$x--; }
711 my $iter = iterator->new(5);
714 $acc .= " $out" while $out = <${iter}>;
715 is($acc, ' 5 4 3 2 1 0');
716 $iter = iterator->new(5);
717 is(scalar <${iter}>, '5');
719 $acc .= " $out" while $out = <$iter>;
720 is($acc, ' 4 3 2 1 0');
724 use overload '%{}' => \&hderef, '&{}' => \&cderef,
725 '*{}' => \&gderef, '${}' => \&sderef, '@{}' => \&aderef;
726 sub new { my ($p, $v) = @_; bless \$v, $p }
728 my ($self, $key) = (shift, shift);
729 my $class = ref $self;
730 bless $self, 'deref::dummy'; # Disable overloading of %{}
731 my $out = $self->{$key};
732 bless $self, $class; # Restore overloading
735 sub hderef {shift->deref('h')}
736 sub aderef {shift->deref('a')}
737 sub cderef {shift->deref('c')}
738 sub gderef {shift->deref('g')}
739 sub sderef {shift->deref('s')}
742 my $deref = bless { h => { foo => 5 , fake => 23 },
743 c => sub {return shift() + 34},
749 my @cont = sort %$deref;
750 if ("\t" eq "\011") { # ASCII
751 is("@cont", '23 5 fake foo');
753 else { # EBCDIC alpha-numeric sort order
754 is("@cont", 'fake foo 23 5');
756 my @keys = sort keys %$deref;
757 is("@keys", 'fake foo');
758 my @val = sort values %$deref;
760 is($deref->{foo}, 5);
761 is(defined $deref->{bar}, '');
764 push @keys, $key while $key = each %$deref;
766 is("@keys", 'fake foo');
767 is(exists $deref->{bar}, '');
768 is(exists $deref->{foo}, 1);
772 sub xxx_goto { goto &$deref }
774 my $srt = bless { c => sub {$b <=> $a}
777 my @sorted = sort srt 11, 2, 5, 1, 22;
778 is("@sorted", '22 11 5 2 1');
782 @sorted = sort $srt 11, 2, 5, 1, 22;
783 is("@sorted", '22 11 5 2 1');
785 is("@$deref", '11 12 13');
789 is($deref->[2], '13');
793 is($deref->[$l], '12');
794 # Repeated dereference
795 my $double = bless { h => $deref,
797 is($double->{foo}, 5);
802 use overload '%{}' => \&gethash, '@{}' => sub { ${shift()} };
810 tie %h, ref $self, $self;
814 sub TIEHASH { my $p = shift; bless \ shift, $p }
817 $fields{$_} = $i++ foreach qw{zero one two three};
819 my $self = ${shift()};
820 my $key = $fields{shift()};
821 defined $key or die "Out of band access";
822 $$self->[$key] = shift;
825 my $self = ${shift()};
826 my $key = $fields{shift()};
827 defined $key or die "Out of band access";
832 my $bar = new two_refs 3,4,5,6;
843 $bar = new two_refs_o 3,4,5,6;
851 use overload '%{}' => sub { ${shift()}->[1] },
852 '@{}' => sub { ${shift()}->[0] };
858 bless \ [$a, \%h], $p;
863 tie %h, ref $self, $self;
867 sub TIEHASH { my $p = shift; bless \ shift, $p }
870 $fields{$_} = $i++ foreach qw{zero one two three};
873 my $key = $fields{shift()};
874 defined $key or die "Out of band access";
879 my $key = $fields{shift()};
880 defined $key or die "Out of band access";
885 $bar = new two_refs_o 3,4,5,6;
893 @ISA = ('two_refs1');
896 $bar = new two_refs1_o 3,4,5,6;
904 use overload bool => sub { ${+shift} };
908 { my $bbbb = 0; $aaa = bless \$bbbb, B }
918 # check that overload isn't done twice by join
921 use overload '""' => sub { $c++ };
922 my $x = join '', bless([]), 'pq', bless([]);
926 # Test module-specific warning
928 # check the Odd number of arguments for overload::constant warning
930 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {$a = $_[0]} ;
931 $x = eval ' overload::constant "integer" ; ' ;
933 use warnings 'overload' ;
934 $x = eval ' overload::constant "integer" ; ' ;
935 like($a, qr/^Odd number of arguments for overload::constant at/);
939 # check the '$_[0]' is not an overloadable type warning
941 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {$a = $_[0]} ;
942 $x = eval ' overload::constant "fred" => sub {} ; ' ;
944 use warnings 'overload' ;
945 $x = eval ' overload::constant "fred" => sub {} ; ' ;
946 like($a, qr/^'fred' is not an overloadable type at/);
950 # check the '$_[1]' is not a code reference warning
952 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {$a = $_[0]} ;
953 $x = eval ' overload::constant "integer" => 1; ' ;
955 use warnings 'overload' ;
956 $x = eval ' overload::constant "integer" => 1; ' ;
957 like($a, qr/^'1' is not a code reference at/);
961 # check the invalid argument warning [perl #74098]
963 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub {$a = $_[0]} ;
964 $x = eval ' use overload "~|_|~" => sub{} ' ;
965 eval ' no overload "~|_|~" ' ;
967 use warnings 'overload' ;
968 $x = eval ' use overload "~|_|~" => sub{} ' ;
969 like($a, qr/^overload arg '~\|_\|~' is invalid at \(eval \d+\) line /,
970 'invalid arg warning');
972 eval ' no overload "~|_|~" ' ;
973 like($a, qr/^overload arg '~\|_\|~' is invalid at \(eval \d+\) line /,
974 'invalid arg warning');
980 use overload '""' => sub { 3+shift->[0] },
981 '0+' => sub { 10+shift->[0] },
982 'int' => sub { 100+shift->[0] };
983 sub new {my $p = shift; bless [shift], $p}
986 use overload '""' => sub { 5+shift->[0] },
987 '0+' => sub { 30+shift->[0] },
988 'int' => sub { 'ov_int1'->new(1000+shift->[0]) };
989 sub new {my $p = shift; bless [shift], $p}
992 use overload '""' => sub { 2+shift->[0] },
993 '0+' => sub { 9+shift->[0] };
994 sub new {my $p = shift; bless [shift], $p}
998 my $x = new noov_int 11;
1000 main::is("$int_x", 20);
1001 $x = new ov_int1 31;
1003 main::is("$int_x", 131);
1004 $x = new ov_int2 51;
1006 main::is("$int_x", 1054);
1009 # make sure that we don't infinitely recurse
1013 use overload '""' => sub { shift },
1014 '0+' => sub { shift },
1015 'bool' => sub { shift },
1018 # For some reason beyond me these have to be oks rather than likes.
1019 main::ok("$x" =~ /Recurse=ARRAY/);
1021 main::ok($x+0 =~ qr/Recurse=ARRAY/);
1024 # BugID 20010422.003
1028 'bool' => sub { return !$_[0]->is_zero() || undef; }
1034 return $self->{var} == 0;
1041 $self->{var} = shift;
1049 my $r = Foo->new(8);
1057 '""' => sub { return $_[0]->{var}; }
1064 $self->{var} = shift;
1071 my $utfvar = new utf8_o 200.2.1;
1072 is("$utfvar", 200.2.1); # 223 - stringify
1073 is("a$utfvar", "a".200.2.1); # 224 - overload via sv_2pv_flags
1075 # 225..227 -- more %{} tests. Hangs in 5.6.0, okay in later releases.
1076 # Basically this example implements strong encapsulation: if Hderef::import()
1077 # were to eval the overload code in the caller's namespace, the privatisation
1078 # would be quite transparent.
1080 use overload '%{}' => sub { (caller(0))[0] eq 'Foo' ? $_[0] : die "zap" };
1082 @Foo::ISA = 'Hderef';
1083 sub new { bless {}, shift }
1084 sub xet { @_ == 2 ? $_[0]->{$_[1]} :
1085 @_ == 3 ? ($_[0]->{$_[1]} = $_[2]) : undef }
1089 is ($a->xet('b'), 42);
1090 ok (!defined eval { $a->{b} });
1095 use overload '=' => sub { 42 },
1096 '++' => sub { my $x = ${$_[0]}; $_[0] };
1097 sub new { my $x = 42; bless \$x }
1101 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { $warn++ };
1110 my ($int, $out1, $out2);
1112 BEGIN { $int = 0; overload::constant 'integer' => sub {$int++; 17}; }
1116 is($int, 2, "#24313"); # 230
1117 is($out1, 17, "#24313"); # 231
1118 is($out2, 17, "#24313"); # 232
1123 use overload cmp => sub { 0 };
1124 package perl31793_fb;
1125 use overload cmp => sub { 0 }, fallback => 1;
1127 my $o = bless [], 'perl31793';
1128 my $of = bless [], 'perl31793_fb';
1129 my $no = bless [], 'no_overload';
1130 like(overload::StrVal(\"scalar"), qr/^SCALAR\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1131 like(overload::StrVal([]), qr/^ARRAY\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1132 like(overload::StrVal({}), qr/^HASH\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1133 like(overload::StrVal(sub{1}), qr/^CODE\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1134 like(overload::StrVal(\*GLOB), qr/^GLOB\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1135 like(overload::StrVal(\$o), qr/^REF\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1136 like(overload::StrVal(qr/a/), qr/^Regexp=REGEXP\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1137 like(overload::StrVal($o), qr/^perl31793=ARRAY\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1138 like(overload::StrVal($of), qr/^perl31793_fb=ARRAY\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1139 like(overload::StrVal($no), qr/^no_overload=ARRAY\(0x[0-9a-f]+\)$/);
1144 use overload (qw(0+ numify fallback 1));
1151 sub numify { ${$_[0]} }
1154 # These all check that overloaded values, rather than reference addresses,
1155 # are what are getting tested.
1156 my ($two, $one, $un, $deux) = map {new Numify $_} 2, 1, 1, 2;
1157 my ($ein, $zwei) = (1, 2);
1159 my %map = (one => 1, un => 1, ein => 1, deux => 2, two => 2, zwei => 2);
1160 foreach my $op (qw(<=> == != < <= > >=)) {
1161 foreach my $l (keys %map) {
1162 foreach my $r (keys %map) {
1163 my $ocode = "\$$l $op \$$r";
1164 my $rcode = "$map{$l} $op $map{$r}";
1166 my $got = eval $ocode;
1168 my $expect = eval $rcode;
1170 is ($got, $expect, $ocode) or print "# $rcode\n";
1175 # check that overloading works in regexes
1179 '""' => sub { "^$_[0][0]\$" },
1183 ? (ref $_[1] ? $_[1][0] : $_[1]) . ':' .$_[0][0]
1184 : $_[0][0] . ':' . (ref $_[1] ? $_[1][0] : $_[1])
1189 my $a = bless [ "a" ], 'Foo493';
1191 like('x:a', qr/x$a/);
1192 like('x:a:=', qr/x$a=$/);
1193 like('x:a:a:=', qr/x$a$a=$/);
1200 use overload qr => sub { qr/x/ }, fallback => 1;
1203 my $x = bless [], "QRonly";
1205 # like tries to be too clever, and decides that $x-stringified
1206 # doesn't look like a regex
1207 ok("x" =~ $x, "qr-only matches");
1208 ok("y" !~ $x, "qr-only doesn't match what it shouldn't");
1209 ok("x" =~ /^(??{$x})$/, "qr-only with ?? matches");
1210 ok("y" !~ /^(??{$x})$/, "qr-only with ?? doesn't match what it shouldn't");
1211 ok("xx" =~ /x$x/, "qr-only matches with concat");
1212 like("$x", qr/^QRonly=ARRAY/, "qr-only doesn't have string overload");
1214 my $qr = bless qr/y/, "QRonly";
1215 ok("x" =~ $qr, "qr with qr-overload uses overload");
1216 ok("y" !~ $qr, "qr with qr-overload uses overload");
1217 ok("x" =~ /^(??{$qr})$/, "qr with qr-overload with ?? uses overload");
1218 ok("y" !~ /^(??{$qr})$/, "qr with qr-overload with ?? uses overload");
1219 is("$qr", "".qr/y/, "qr with qr-overload stringify");
1222 ok("y" =~ $rx, "bare rx with qr-overload doesn't overload match");
1223 ok("x" !~ $rx, "bare rx with qr-overload doesn't overload match");
1224 ok("y" =~ /^(??{$rx})$/, "bare rx with qr-overload with ?? doesn't overload match");
1225 ok("x" !~ /^(??{$rx})$/, "bare rx with qr-overload with ?? doesn't overload match");
1226 is("$rx", "".qr/y/, "bare rx with qr-overload stringify");
1230 use overload qr => sub { qr/x/ }, q/""/ => sub { "y" };
1233 my $x = bless [], "QRandSTR";
1234 ok("x" =~ $x, "qr+str uses qr for match");
1235 ok("y" !~ $x, "qr+str uses qr for match");
1236 ok("xx" =~ /x$x/, "qr+str uses qr for match with concat");
1237 is("$x", "y", "qr+str uses str for stringify");
1239 my $qr = bless qr/z/, "QRandSTR";
1240 is("$qr", "y", "qr with qr+str uses str for stringify");
1241 ok("xx" =~ /x$x/, "qr with qr+str uses qr for match");
1244 ok("z" =~ $rx, "bare rx with qr+str doesn't overload match");
1245 is("$rx", "".qr/z/, "bare rx with qr+str doesn't overload stringify");
1249 use overload qr => sub { $_[0]->(@_) };
1252 use overload qr => sub { $_[0] };
1255 my $rx = bless sub { ${ qr/x/ } }, "QRany";
1256 ok("x" =~ $rx, "qr overload accepts a bare rx");
1257 ok("y" !~ $rx, "qr overload accepts a bare rx");
1259 my $str = bless sub { "x" }, "QRany";
1260 ok(!eval { "x" =~ $str }, "qr overload doesn't accept a string");
1261 like($@, qr/^Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP/, "correct error");
1263 my $oqr = bless qr/z/, "QRandSTR";
1264 my $oqro = bless sub { $oqr }, "QRany";
1265 ok("z" =~ $oqro, "qr overload doesn't recurse");
1267 my $qrs = bless qr/z/, "QRself";
1268 ok("z" =~ $qrs, "qr overload can return self");
1272 use overload q/""/ => sub { "x" };
1275 use overload q/""/ => sub { "x" }, fallback => 1;
1278 my $fb = bless [], "STRonlyFB";
1279 ok("x" =~ $fb, "qr falls back to \"\"");
1280 ok("y" !~ $fb, "qr falls back to \"\"");
1282 my $nofb = bless [], "STRonly";
1283 ok("x" =~ $nofb, "qr falls back even without fallback");
1284 ok("y" !~ $nofb, "qr falls back even without fallback");
1289 my $twenty_three = 23;
1290 # Check that constant overloading propagates into evals
1291 BEGIN { overload::constant integer => sub { 23 } }
1292 is(eval "17", $twenty_three);
1298 bool => sub { shift->is_cool };
1301 $_[0]->{name} eq 'cool';
1306 bless $_[0], 'Brap';
1310 sub delete_with_self {
1313 bless $self, 'Brap';
1324 $obj = bless {name => 'cool'}, 'Sklorsh';
1326 ok(eval {if ($obj) {1}; 1}, $@ || 'reblessed into nonexistent namespace');
1328 $obj = bless {name => 'cool'}, 'Sklorsh';
1329 $obj->delete_with_self;
1330 ok (eval {if ($obj) {1}; 1}, $@);
1332 my $a = $b = {name => 'hot'};
1333 bless $b, 'Sklorsh';
1334 is(ref $a, 'Sklorsh');
1335 is(ref $b, 'Sklorsh');
1336 ok(!$b, "Expect overloaded boolean");
1337 ok(!$a, "Expect overloaded boolean");
1343 bool => sub { shift->{truth} eq 'yes' },
1344 '0+' => sub { shift->{truth} eq 'yes' ? '1' : '0' },
1345 '!' => sub { shift->{truth} eq 'no' },
1348 sub new { my $class = shift; bless { truth => shift }, $class }
1352 my $yes = Flrbbbbb->new('yes');
1354 $x = 1 if $yes; is($x, 1);
1355 $x = 2 unless $yes; is($x, 1);
1356 $x = 3 if !$yes; is($x, 1);
1357 $x = 4 unless !$yes; is($x, 4);
1359 my $no = Flrbbbbb->new('no');
1361 $x = 1 if $no; is($x, 0);
1362 $x = 2 unless $no; is($x, 2);
1363 $x = 3 if !$no; is($x, 3);
1364 $x = 4 unless !$no; is($x, 3);
1367 $x = 1 if !$no && $yes; is($x, 1);
1368 $x = 2 unless !$no && $yes; is($x, 1);
1369 $x = 3 if $no || !$yes; is($x, 1);
1370 $x = 4 unless $no || !$yes; is($x, 4);
1373 $x = 1 if !$no || !$yes; is($x, 1);
1374 $x = 2 unless !$no || !$yes; is($x, 1);
1375 $x = 3 if !$no && !$yes; is($x, 1);
1376 $x = 4 unless !$no && !$yes; is($x, 4);
1380 use Scalar::Util 'weaken';
1383 use overload '""' => sub {"CLiK KLAK"};
1390 $obj = bless do {my $a; \$a}, 'Shklitza';
1393 is ("$obj", "CLiK KLAK");
1394 is ("$ref", "CLiK KLAK");
1397 is ("$ref", "CLiK KLAK");
1399 bless $obj, 'Ksshfwoom';
1401 like ($obj, qr/^Ksshfwoom=/);
1402 like ($ref, qr/^Ksshfwoom=/);
1410 # bit operations have overloadable assignment variants too
1412 sub new { bless \$_[1], $_[0] }
1415 "&=" => sub { bit->new($_[0]->val . ' & ' . $_[1]->val) },
1416 "^=" => sub { bit->new($_[0]->val . ' ^ ' . $_[1]->val) },
1417 "|" => sub { bit->new($_[0]->val . ' | ' . $_[1]->val) }, # |= by fallback
1420 sub val { ${$_[0]} }
1424 my $a = bit->new(my $va = 'a');
1425 my $b = bit->new(my $vb = 'b');
1428 is($a->val, 'a & b', "overloaded &= works");
1430 my $c = bit->new(my $vc = 'c');
1433 is($b->val, 'b ^ c', "overloaded ^= works");
1435 my $d = bit->new(my $vd = 'd');
1438 is($c->val, 'c | d', "overloaded |= (by fallback) works");
1442 # comparison operators with nomethod (bug 41546)
1446 package nomethod_false;
1447 use overload nomethod => sub { $method = 'nomethod'; 0 };
1449 package nomethod_true;
1450 use overload nomethod => sub { $method= 'nomethod'; 'true' };
1454 local $SIG{__WARN__} = sub { $warning = $_[0] };
1456 my $f = bless [], 'nomethod_false';
1457 ($warning, $method) = ("", "");
1458 is($f eq 'whatever', 0, 'nomethod makes eq return 0');
1459 is($method, 'nomethod');
1461 my $t = bless [], 'nomethod_true';
1462 ($warning, $method) = ("", "");
1463 is($t eq 'whatever', 'true', 'nomethod makes eq return "true"');
1464 is($method, 'nomethod');
1465 is($warning, "", 'nomethod eq need not return number');
1468 package nomethod_false;
1469 use overload cmp => sub { $method = 'cmp'; 0 };
1471 $f = bless [], 'nomethod_false';
1472 ($warning, $method) = ("", "");
1473 ok($f eq 'whatever', 'eq falls back to cmp (nomethod not called)');
1477 package nomethod_true;
1478 use overload cmp => sub { $method = 'cmp'; 'true' };
1480 $t = bless [], 'nomethod_true';
1481 ($warning, $method) = ("", "");
1482 ok($t eq 'whatever', 'eq falls back to cmp (nomethod not called)');
1484 like($warning, qr/isn't numeric/, 'cmp should return number');
1489 # nomethod called for '!' after attempted fallback
1490 my $nomethod_called = 0;
1492 package nomethod_not;
1493 use overload nomethod => sub { $nomethod_called = 'yes'; };
1496 my $o = bless [], 'nomethod_not';
1499 is($nomethod_called, 'yes', "nomethod() is called for '!'");
1500 is($res, 'yes', "nomethod(..., '!') return value propagates");
1504 # Subtle bug pre 5.10, as a side effect of the overloading flag being
1505 # stored on the reference rather than the referent. Despite the fact that
1506 # objects can only be accessed via references (even internally), the
1507 # referent actually knows that it's blessed, not the references. So taking
1508 # a new, unrelated, reference to it gives an object. However, the
1509 # overloading-or-not flag was on the reference prior to 5.10, and taking
1510 # a new reference didn't (use to) copy it.
1514 use overload '""' => sub {${$_[0]}};
1517 return "$_[0], $_[1]";
1524 my $crunch_eth = bless \$string, $class;
1526 is("$crunch_eth", $string);
1527 is ($crunch_eth->Pie("Meat"), "$string, Meat");
1529 my $wham_eth = \$string;
1531 is("$wham_eth", $string,
1532 'This reference did not have overloading in 5.8.8 and earlier');
1533 is ($crunch_eth->Pie("Apple"), "$string, Apple");
1535 my $class = ref $wham_eth;
1538 # Bless it back into its own class!
1539 bless $wham_eth, $class;
1541 is("$wham_eth", $string);
1542 is ($crunch_eth->Pie("Blackbird"), "$string, Blackbird");
1547 use overload "0+" => sub { $_[0][0] += 1; 42 };
1548 package numify_self;
1549 use overload "0+" => sub { $_[0][0]++; $_[0] };
1550 package numify_other;
1551 use overload "0+" => sub { $_[0][0]++; $_[0][1] = bless [], 'numify_int' };
1552 package numify_by_fallback;
1553 use overload fallback => 1;
1556 my $o = bless [], 'numify_int';
1557 is(int($o), 42, 'numifies to integer');
1558 is($o->[0], 1, 'int() numifies only once');
1561 my $num_val = int($aref);
1562 my $r = bless $aref, 'numify_self';
1563 is(int($r), $num_val, 'numifies to self');
1564 is($r->[0], 1, 'int() numifies once when returning self');
1566 my $s = bless [], 'numify_other';
1567 is(int($s), 42, 'numifies to numification of other object');
1568 is($s->[0], 1, 'int() numifies once when returning other object');
1569 is($s->[1][0], 1, 'returned object numifies too');
1571 my $m = bless $aref, 'numify_by_fallback';
1572 is(int($m), $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1573 is(abs($m), $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1574 is(-$m, -$num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1575 is(0+$m, $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1576 is($m+0, $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1577 is($m+$m, 2*$num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1578 is(0-$m, -$num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1579 is(1*$m, $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1580 is(int($m/1), $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1581 is($m%100, $num_val%100, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1582 is($m**1, $num_val, 'numifies to usual reference value');
1584 is(abs($aref), $num_val, 'abs() of ref');
1585 is(-$aref, -$num_val, 'negative of ref');
1586 is(0+$aref, $num_val, 'ref addition');
1587 is($aref+0, $num_val, 'ref addition');
1588 is($aref+$aref, 2*$num_val, 'ref addition');
1589 is(0-$aref, -$num_val, 'subtraction of ref');
1590 is(1*$aref, $num_val, 'multiplicaton of ref');
1591 is(int($aref/1), $num_val, 'division of ref');
1592 is($aref%100, $num_val%100, 'modulo of ref');
1593 is($aref**1, $num_val, 'exponentiation of ref');
1597 package CopyConstructorFallback;
1599 '++' => sub { "$_[0]"; $_[0] },
1601 sub new { bless {} => shift }
1605 my $o = CopyConstructorFallback->new;
1606 my $x = $o++; # would segfault
1608 is($x, $o, "copy constructor falls back to assignment (postinc)");
1609 is($y, $o, "copy constructor falls back to assignment (preinc)");
1612 # only scalar 'x' should currently overload
1620 'x' => sub { $x++; 1 },
1621 '0+' => sub { $n++; 1 },
1622 'nomethod' => sub { $nm++; 1 },
1633 ($x,$n,$nm) = (0,0,0);
1634 @a = ((1,2,$s) x $count);
1635 is("$x-$n-$nm", "0-0-0", 'repeat 1');
1637 ($x,$n,$nm) = (0,0,0);
1638 @a = ((1,$s,3) x $count);
1639 is("$x-$n-$nm", "0-0-0", 'repeat 2');
1641 ($x,$n,$nm) = (0,0,0);
1642 @a = ((1,2,3) x $s);
1643 is("$x-$n-$nm", "0-1-0", 'repeat 3');
1648 # RT #57012: magic items need to have mg_get() called before testing for
1649 # overload. Lack of this means that overloaded values returned by eg a
1650 # tied array didn't call overload methods.
1651 # We test here both a tied array and scalar, since the implementation of
1652 # tied arrays (and hashes) is such that in rvalue context, mg_get is
1653 # called prior to executing the op, while it isn't for a tied scalar.
1654 # We also check that return values are correctly tainted.
1655 # We try against two overload packages; one has all expected methods, the
1656 # other uses only fallback methods.
1660 # @tests holds a list of test cases. Each elem is an array ref with
1661 # the following entries:
1663 # * the value that the overload method should return
1665 # * the expression to be evaled. %s is replaced with the
1666 # variable being tested ($ta[0], $ts, or $plain)
1668 # * a string listing what functions we expect to be called.
1669 # Each method appends its name in parentheses, so "(=)(+)" means
1670 # we expect the copy constructor and then the add method to be
1673 # * like above, but what should be called for the fallback-only test
1674 # (in this case, nomethod() identifies itself as "(NM:*)" where *
1675 # is the op). If this value is undef, fallback tests are skipped.
1677 # * An array ref of expected counts of calls to FETCH/STORE.
1678 # The first three values are:
1679 # 1. the expected number of FETCHs for a tied array
1680 # 2. the expected number of FETCHs for a tied scalar
1681 # 3. the expected number of STOREs
1682 # If there are a further three elements present, then
1683 # these represent the expected counts for the fallback
1684 # version of the tests. If absent, they are assumed to
1685 # be the same as for the full method test
1687 # * Under the taint version of the tests, whether we expect
1688 # the result to be tainted (for example comparison ops
1689 # like '==' don't return a tainted value, even if their
1698 # A note on what methods to expect to be called, and
1699 # how many times FETCH/STORE is called:
1701 # Mutating ops (+=, ++ etc) trigger a copy ('='), since
1702 # the code can't distinguish between something that's been copied:
1703 # $a = foo->new(0); $b = $a; refcnt($$b) == 2
1704 # and overloaded objects stored in ties which will have extra
1705 # refcounts due to the tied_obj magic and entries on the tmps
1706 # stack when returning from FETCH etc. So we always copy.
1708 # This accounts for a '=', and an extra STORE.
1709 # We also have a FETCH returning the final value from the eval,
1710 # plus a FETCH in the overload subs themselves: ($_[0][0])
1711 # triggers one. However, tied aggregates have a mechanism to prevent
1712 # multiple fetches between STOREs, which means that the tied
1713 # hash skips doing a FETCH during '='.
1715 for (qw(+ - * / % ** << >> & | ^)) {
1717 $op = '%%' if $op eq '%';
1718 my $e = "%s $op= 3";
1720 # ARRAY FETCH: initial, sub+=, eval-return,
1721 # SCALAR FETCH: initial, sub=, sub+=, eval-return,
1722 # STORE: copy, mutator
1723 push @tests, [ 18, $e, "(=)($_=)", "(=)(NM:$_=)", [ 3, 4, 2 ], 1 ];
1726 "do { my \$arg = %s; \$_[2] ? (3 $op \$arg) : (\$arg $op 3) }";
1727 # ARRAY FETCH: initial
1728 # SCALAR FETCH: initial eval-return,
1729 push @tests, [ 18, "%s $op 3", "($_)", "(NM:$_)", [ 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1730 push @tests, [ 18, "3 $op %s", "($_)", "(NM:$_)", [ 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1733 # these use string fallback rather than nomethod
1736 my $e = "%s $op= 3";
1739 # ARRAY FETCH: initial, sub+=, eval-return,
1740 # SCALAR FETCH: initial, sub=, sub+=, eval-return,
1741 # STORE: copy, mutator
1742 # for fallback, we just stringify, so eval-return and copy skipped
1744 push @tests, [ 18, $e, "(=)($_=)", '("")',
1745 [ 3, 4, 2, 2, 3, 1 ], 1 ];
1748 "do { my \$arg = %s; \$_[2] ? (3 $op \$arg) : (\$arg $op 3) }";
1749 # ARRAY FETCH: initial
1750 # SCALAR FETCH: initial eval-return,
1751 # with fallback, we just stringify, so eval-return skipped,
1752 # but an extra FETCH happens in sub"", except for 'x',
1753 # which passes a copy of the RV to sub"", avoiding the
1756 push @tests, [ 18, "%s $op 3", "($_)", '("")',
1757 [ 1, 2, 0, 1, ($_ eq '.' ? 2 : 1), 0 ], 1 ];
1758 next if $_ eq 'x'; # repeat only overloads on LHS
1759 push @tests, [ 18, "3 $op %s", "($_)", '("")',
1760 [ 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1768 # ARRAY FETCH: initial, sub+=, eval-return,
1769 # SCALAR FETCH: initial, sub=, sub+=, eval-return,
1770 # STORE: copy, mutator
1771 [ 18, $pre, "(=)($_)(\"\")", "(=)(NM:$_)(\"\")", [ 3, 4, 2 ], 1 ],
1772 # ARRAY FETCH: initial, sub+=
1773 # SCALAR FETCH: initial, sub=, sub+=
1774 # STORE: copy, mutator
1775 [ 18, $post, "(=)($_)(\"\")", "(=)(NM:$_)(\"\")", [ 2, 3, 2 ], 1 ];
1778 # For the non-mutator ops, we have a initial FETCH,
1779 # an extra FETCH within the sub itself for the scalar option,
1782 for (qw(< <= > >= == != lt le gt ge eq ne)) {
1785 push @tests, [ 3, $e, "($_)", "(NM:$_)", [ 1, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1790 push @tests, [ 3, $e, "($_)", "(NM:$_)", [ 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1795 push @tests, [ 18, $e, "($_)", "(NM:$_)", [ 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1797 for (qw(cos sin exp abs log sqrt int ~)) {
1800 push @tests, [ 1.23, $e, "($_)",
1801 ($_ eq 'int' ? '(0+)' : "(NM:$_)") , [ 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1806 push @tests, [ 1.23, $e, "($_)", '(0+)', [ 1, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1811 push @tests, [ 18, $e, '(neg)', '(NM:neg)', [ 1, 2, 0 ], 1 ];
1813 my $e = '(%s) ? 1 : 0';
1815 push @tests, [ 18, $e, '(bool)', '(0+)', [ 1, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1817 # note: this is testing unary qr, not binary =~
1818 $subs{qr} = '(qr/%s/)';
1819 push @tests, [ "abc", '"abc" =~ (%s)', '(qr)', '("")', [ 1, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1820 push @tests, [ chr 256, 'chr(256) =~ (%s)', '(qr)', '("")',
1823 $e = '"abc" ~~ (%s)';
1825 push @tests, [ "abc", $e, '(~~)', '(NM:~~)', [ 1, 1, 0 ], 0 ];
1827 $subs{'-X'} = 'do { my $f = (%s);'
1828 . '$_[1] eq "r" ? (-r ($f)) :'
1829 . '$_[1] eq "e" ? (-e ($f)) :'
1830 . '$_[1] eq "f" ? (-f ($f)) :'
1831 . '$_[1] eq "l" ? (-l ($f)) :'
1832 . '$_[1] eq "t" ? (-t ($f)) :'
1833 . '$_[1] eq "T" ? (-T ($f)) : 0;}';
1834 # Note - we don't care what these file tests return, as
1835 # long as the tied and untied versions return the same value.
1836 # The flags below are chosen to test all uses of tryAMAGICftest_MG
1837 for (qw(r e f l t T)) {
1838 push @tests, [ 'TEST', "-$_ (%s)", '(-X)', '("")', [ 1, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1841 $subs{'${}'} = '%s';
1842 push @tests, [ do {my $s=99; \$s}, '${%s}', '(${})', undef, [ 1, 1, 0 ], 0 ];
1844 # we skip testing '@{}' here because too much of this test
1845 # framework involves array dereferences!
1847 $subs{'%{}'} = '%s';
1848 push @tests, [ {qw(a 1 b 2 c 3)}, 'join "", sort keys %%{%s}',
1849 '(%{})', undef, [ 1, 1, 0 ], 0 ];
1851 $subs{'&{}'} = '%s';
1852 push @tests, [ sub {99}, 'do {&{%s} for 1,2}',
1853 '(&{})(&{})', undef, [ 2, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1857 $subs{'*{}'} = '%s';
1858 push @tests, [ \*RT57012A, '*RT57012B = *{%s}; our $RT57012B',
1859 '(*{})', undef, [ 1, 1, 0 ], 0 ];
1861 my $iter_text = ("some random text\n" x 100) . $^X;
1862 open my $iter_fh, '<', \$iter_text
1863 or die "open of \$iter_text gave ($!)\n";
1864 $subs{'<>'} = '<$iter_fh>';
1865 push @tests, [ $iter_fh, '<%s>', '(<>)', undef, [ 1, 1, 0 ], 1 ];
1866 push @tests, [ $iter_fh,
1867 'local *CORE::GLOBAL::glob = sub {}; eval q|<%s>|',
1868 '(<>)', undef, [ 1, 1, 0 ], 1 ];
1870 # eval should do tie, overload on its arg before checking taint */
1871 push @tests, [ '1;', 'eval q(eval %s); $@ =~ /Insecure/',
1872 '("")', '("")', [ 1, 2, 0 ], 0 ];
1875 for my $sub (keys %subs) {
1876 my $term = $subs{$sub};
1877 my $t = sprintf $term, '$_[0][0]';
1878 my $e ="sub { \$funcs .= '($sub)'; my \$r; if (\$use_int) {"
1879 . "use integer; \$r = ($t) } else { \$r = ($t) } \$r }";
1880 $subs{$sub} = eval $e;
1881 die "Compiling sub gave error:\n<$e>\n<$@>\n" if $@;
1892 "=" => sub { $funcs .= '(=)'; bless [ $_[0][0] ] },
1893 '0+' => sub { $funcs .= '(0+)'; 0 + $_[0][0] },
1894 '""' => sub { $funcs .= '("")'; "$_[0][0]" },
1897 package RT57012_OV_FB; # only contains fallback conversion functions
1900 "=" => sub { $funcs .= '(=)'; bless [ $_[0][0] ] },
1901 '0+' => sub { $funcs .= '(0+)'; 0 + $_[0][0] },
1902 '""' => sub { $funcs .= '("")'; "$_[0][0]" },
1904 $funcs .= "(NM:$_[3])";
1905 my $e = defined($_[1])
1908 ? "atan2(\$_[1],\$_[0][0])"
1909 : "atan2(\$_[0][0],\$_[1])"
1911 ? "\$_[1] $_[3] \$_[0][0]"
1912 : "\$_[0][0] $_[3] \$_[1]"
1915 : "$_[3](\$_[0][0])";
1918 use integer; $r = eval $e;
1923 ::diag("eval of nomethod <$e> gave <$@>") if $@;
1929 package RT57012_TIE_S;
1932 sub TIESCALAR { bless [ bless [ $tie_val ], $_[1] ] }
1933 sub FETCH { $fetches++; $_[0][0] }
1934 sub STORE { $stores++; $_[0][0] = $_[1] }
1936 package RT57012_TIE_A;
1938 sub TIEARRAY { bless [] }
1939 sub FETCH { $fetches++; $_[0][0] }
1940 sub STORE { $stores++; $_[0][$_[1]] = $_[2] }
1944 for my $test (@tests) {
1945 my ($val, $sub_term, $exp_funcs, $exp_fb_funcs,
1946 $exp_counts, $exp_taint) = @$test;
1950 # create tainted version of $val (unless its a ref)
1951 my $t = substr($^X,0,0);
1953 my $val1 = $val; # use a copy to avoid stringifying original
1954 $tainted_val = ref($val1) ? $val :
1955 ($val1 =~ /^[\d\.]+$/) ? $val+$t0 : $val.$t;
1957 $tie_val = $tainted_val;
1959 for my $int ('', 'use integer; ') {
1960 $use_int = ($int ne '');
1961 my $plain = $tainted_val;
1962 my $plain_term = $int . sprintf $sub_term, '$plain';
1963 my $exp = eval $plain_term;
1964 diag("eval of plain_term <$plain_term> gave <$@>") if $@;
1965 is(tainted($exp), $exp_taint,
1966 "<$plain_term> taint of expected return");
1968 for my $ov_pkg (qw(RT57012_OV RT57012_OV_FB)) {
1969 next if $ov_pkg eq 'RT57012_OV_FB'
1970 and not defined $exp_fb_funcs;
1971 my ($exp_fetch_a, $exp_fetch_s, $exp_store) =
1972 ($ov_pkg eq 'RT57012_OV' || @$exp_counts < 4)
1973 ? @$exp_counts[0,1,2]
1974 : @$exp_counts[3,4,5];
1976 tie my $ts, 'RT57012_TIE_S', $ov_pkg;
1977 tie my @ta, 'RT57012_TIE_A';
1978 $ta[0] = bless [ $tainted_val ], $ov_pkg;
1979 my $oload = bless [ $tainted_val ], $ov_pkg;
1981 for my $var ('$ta[0]', '$ts', '$oload',
1982 ($sub_term eq '<%s>' ? '${ts}' : ())
1989 my $res_term = $int . sprintf $sub_term, $var;
1990 my $desc = "<$res_term> $ov_pkg" ;
1991 my $res = eval $res_term;
1992 diag("eval of res_term $desc gave <$@>") if $@;
1993 # uniquely, the inc/dec ops return the original
1994 # ref rather than a copy, so stringify it to
1995 # find out if its tainted
1996 $res = "$res" if $res_term =~ /\+\+|--/;
1997 is(tainted($res), $exp_taint,
1998 "$desc taint of result return");
1999 is($res, $exp, "$desc return value");
2000 my $fns =($ov_pkg eq 'RT57012_OV_FB')
2001 ? $exp_fb_funcs : $exp_funcs;
2002 if ($var eq '$oload' && $res_term !~ /oload(\+\+|--)/) {
2003 # non-tied overloading doesn't trigger a copy
2004 # except for post inc/dec
2007 is($funcs, $fns, "$desc methods called");
2008 next if $var eq '$oload';
2009 my $exp_fetch = ($var eq '$ts') ?
2010 $exp_fetch_s : $exp_fetch_a;
2011 is($fetches, $exp_fetch, "$desc FETCH count");
2012 is($stores, $exp_store, "$desc STORE count");
2021 # Test overload from the main package
2023 '$^W = 1; use overload q\""\ => sub {"ning"}; print bless []',
2025 { switches => ['-wl'], stderr => 1 },
2026 'use overload from the main package'
2030 package blessed_methods;
2031 use overload '+' => sub {};
2032 bless overload::Method __PACKAGE__,'+';
2033 eval { overload::Method __PACKAGE__,'+' };
2034 ::is($@, '', 'overload::Method and blessed overload methods');
2038 # fallback to 'cmp' and '<=>' with heterogeneous operands
2040 my $not_found = 'no method found';
2045 bless \$n, ref $_[0] || $_[0];
2049 (${$_[0]} <=> ${$_[1]}) * ($_[2] ? -1 : 1);
2054 use overload '<=>' => 'cmp';
2058 use overload 'cmp' => 'cmp';
2061 my $n = NCmp->new(5);
2062 my $s = SCmp->new(3);
2065 eval { $res = $n > $s; };
2066 $res = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2067 is($res, 1, 'A>B using A<=> when B overloaded, no B<=>');
2069 eval { $res = $s < $n; };
2070 $res = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2071 is($res, 1, 'A<B using B<=> when A overloaded, no A<=>');
2073 eval { $res = $s lt $n; };
2074 $res = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2075 is($res, 1, 'A lt B using A:cmp when B overloaded, no B:cmp');
2077 eval { $res = $n gt $s; };
2078 $res = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2079 is($res, 1, 'A gt B using B:cmp when A overloaded, no A:cmp');
2081 my $o = NCmp->new(9);
2083 is($used, \$n, 'A < B uses <=> from A in preference to B');
2085 my $t = SCmp->new(7);
2087 is($used, \$s, 'A lt B uses cmp from A in preference to B');
2091 # Combinatorial testing of 'fallback' and 'nomethod'
2094 use overload '0+' => sub { ${$_[0]}; },
2098 my $n = @_ ? shift : 0;
2099 bless my $obj = \$n, ref $self || $self;
2103 my $s = "(${$_[0]} ";
2104 $s .= "nomethod, " if defined ${ref($_[0]).'::(nomethod'};
2105 my $fb = ${ref($_[0]).'::()'};
2106 $s .= "fb=" . (defined $fb ? 0 + $fb : 'undef') . ")";
2108 sub nomethod { "${$_[0]}.nomethod"; }
2110 # create classes for tests
2112 my @falls = (0, 'undef', 1);
2113 my @nomethods = ('', 'nomethod');
2114 my $not_found = 'no method found';
2115 for my $fall (@falls) {
2116 for my $nomethod (@nomethods) {
2117 my $nomethod_decl = $nomethod
2118 ? $nomethod . "=>'nomethod'," : '';
2120 package NuMB$fall$nomethod;
2122 use overload $nomethod_decl
2128 # operation and precedence of 'fallback' and 'nomethod'
2129 # for all combinations with 2 overloaded operands
2130 for my $nomethod2 (@nomethods) {
2131 for my $nomethod1 (@nomethods) {
2132 for my $fall2 (@falls) {
2133 my $pack2 = "NuMB$fall2$nomethod2";
2134 for my $fall1 (@falls) {
2135 my $pack1 = "NuMB$fall1$nomethod1";
2136 my ($test, $out, $exp);
2138 my \$x = $pack1->new(2);
2139 my \$y = $pack2->new(3);
2140 \$test = "\$x" . ' * ' . "\$y";
2143 $out = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2144 $exp = $nomethod1 ? '2.nomethod' :
2145 $nomethod2 ? '3.nomethod' :
2146 $fall1 eq '1' && $fall2 eq '1' ? 6
2148 is($out, $exp, "$test --> $exp");
2154 # operation of 'fallback' and 'nomethod'
2155 # where the other operand is not overloaded
2156 for my $nomethod (@nomethods) {
2157 for my $fall (@falls) {
2158 my ($test, $out, $exp);
2160 my \$x = NuMB$fall$nomethod->new(2);
2161 \$test = "\$x" . ' * 3';
2164 $out = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2165 $exp = $nomethod ? '2.nomethod' :
2168 is($out, $exp, "$test --> $exp");
2171 my \$x = NuMB$fall$nomethod->new(2);
2172 \$test = '3 * ' . "\$x";
2175 $out = $not_found if $@ =~ /$not_found/;
2176 is($out, $exp, "$test --> $exp");
2181 # since 5.6 overloaded <> was leaving an extra arg on the stack!
2185 use overload '<>' => sub { 11 };
2187 my $a = bless [], 'Iter1';
2189 my @a = (10, ($x = <$a>), 12);
2190 is ($a[0], 10, 'Iter1: a[0]');
2191 is ($a[1], 11, 'Iter1: a[1]');
2192 is ($a[2], 12, 'Iter1: a[2]');
2193 @a = (10, ($x .= <$a>), 12);
2194 is ($a[0], 10, 'Iter1: a[0] concat');
2195 is ($a[1], 1111, 'Iter1: a[1] concat');
2196 is ($a[2], 12, 'Iter1: a[2] concat');
2199 # Some tests for error messages
2202 use overload '+' => 'justice';
2204 ::like $@, qr/^Can't resolve method "justice" overloading "\+" in p(?x:
2205 )ackage "Justus" at /,
2206 'Error message when explicitly named overload method does not exist';
2209 our @ISA = 'JustYou';
2210 package JustYou { use overload '+' => 'injustice'; }
2213 ::like $@, qr/^Stub found while resolving method "\?{3}" overloadin(?x:
2214 )g "\+" in package "JustUs" at /,
2215 'Error message when sub stub is encountered';
2219 # check that the right number of stringifications
2220 # and the correct un-utf8-ifying happen on regex compile
2223 use overload '""' => sub { $c++; $_[0][0] ? "^\x{100}\$" : "^A\$"; };
2224 my $o = bless [0], 'utf8_match';
2228 ::ok("A" =~ "^A\$", "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=0 bytes=0");
2229 ::ok("A" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=0");
2230 ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=0 count");
2234 ::ok("\x{100}" =~ "^\x{100}\$",
2235 "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=0 bytes=0");
2236 ::ok("\x{100}" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=0");
2237 ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=0 count");
2243 ::ok("A" =~ "^A\$", "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=0 bytes=1");
2244 ::ok("A" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=1");
2245 ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=0 ol=1 bytes=1 count");
2249 ::ok("\xc4\x80" =~ "^\x{100}\$",
2250 "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=0 bytes=1");
2251 ::ok("\xc4\x80" =~ $o, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=1");
2252 ::is($c, 1, "regex stringify utf8=1 ol=1 bytes=1 count");
2258 # overload::Overloaded should not use a ->can designed for autoloading.
2259 # This example attempts to be as realistic as possible. The o class has a
2260 # default singleton object, but can have instances, too. The proxy class
2261 # represents proxies for o objects, but class methods delegate to the
2263 # overload::Overloaded used to return incorrect results for proxy objects.
2265 sub new { bless [$_[1]], $_[0] }
2267 our $AUTOLOAD =~ s/.*:://;
2270 sub can { SUPER::can{@_} || &_self->can($_[1]) }
2271 sub _self { ref $_[0] ? $_[0][0] : $o::singleton }
2273 package o { use overload '""' => sub { 'keck' };
2274 sub new { bless[], $_[0] }
2275 our $singleton = o->new; }
2276 ok !overload::Overloaded(new proxy new o),
2277 'overload::Overloaded does not incorrectly return true for proxy classes';
2279 # Another test, based on the type of explosive test class for which
2280 # perl #40333 was filed.
2284 use overload '""' => sub {"Ahoy!"};
2287 my $obj = bless [], 'broken_can';
2288 ok(overload::Overloaded($obj));
2291 sub eleventative::cos { 'eleven' }
2292 sub twelvetative::abs { 'twelve' }
2293 sub thirteentative::abs { 'thirteen' }
2294 sub fourteentative::abs { 'fourteen' }
2295 @eleventative::ISA = twelvetative::;
2297 my $o = bless [], 'eleventative';
2298 eval 'package eleventative; use overload map +($_)x2, cos=>abs=>';
2299 is cos $o, 'eleven', 'overloading applies to object blessed before';
2300 bless [], 'eleventative';
2301 is cos $o, 'eleven',
2302 'ovrld applies to previously-blessed obj after other obj is blessed';
2303 $o = bless [], 'eleventative';
2304 *eleventative::cos = sub { 'ten' };
2305 is cos $o, 'ten', 'method changes affect overloading';
2306 @eleventative::ISA = thirteentative::;
2307 is abs $o, 'thirteen', 'isa changes affect overloading';
2308 bless $o, 'fourteentative';
2309 @fourteentative::ISA = 'eleventative';
2310 is abs $o, 'fourteen', 'isa changes can turn overloading on';
2313 # no overload "fallback";
2315 use overload fallback => 1, '""' => sub { 'arakas' };
2316 no overload 'fallback';
2318 $a = bless [], 'phake';
2320 'no overload "fallback" does not stop overload from working';
2321 ok !eval { () = $a eq 'mpizeli'; 1 },
2322 'no overload "fallback" resets fallback to undef on overloaded class';
2323 { package ent; use overload fallback => 0, abs => sub{};
2326 use overload fallback => 1;
2328 no overload "fallback"; # disable previous declaration
2330 $a = bless [], ent::;
2331 is eval {"$a"}, overload::StrVal($a),
2332 'no overload undoes fallback declaration completetly'
2335 # inherited fallback
2338 our @ISA = 'vtoryy';
2339 use overload "abs" =>=> sub {};
2341 use overload fallback => 1, 'sin' =>=> sub{}
2343 $a = bless [], pervyy::;
2344 is eval {"$a"}, overload::StrVal($a),
2345 'fallback is inherited by classes that have their own overloading'
2348 # package separators in method names
2351 use overload q\""\ => "bear::strength";
2352 use overload bool => "bear'bouillon";
2354 @bear::ISA = 'food';
2355 sub food::strength { 'twine' }
2356 sub food::bouillon { 0 }
2357 $a = bless[], mane::;
2358 is eval { "$a" }, 'twine', ':: in method name' or diag $@;
2359 is eval { !$a }, 1, "' in method name" or diag $@;
2361 # [perl #113050] Half of CPAN assumes fallback is under "()"
2364 use overload '+' => sub {};
2366 *{"dodo::()"} = sub{};
2369 $a = bless [],'dodo';
2370 is eval {"$a"}, overload::StrVal($a), 'fallback is stored under "()"';
2378 use overload '<>' => \&chars;
2383 bless \$string, $class;
2388 my @chars = split //, $$self;
2389 $context = wantarray;
2394 my $obj = Splitter->new('bar');
2396 $context = 42; # not 1, '', or undef
2399 is($context, 1, "list context (readline list)");
2400 is(scalar(@foo), 3, "correct result (readline list)");
2401 is($foo[0], 'b', "correct result (readline list)");
2402 is($foo[1], 'a', "correct result (readline list)");
2403 is($foo[2], 'r', "correct result (readline list)");
2408 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (readline scalar)");
2409 is($context, '', "scalar context (readline scalar)");
2410 is($foo, 3, "correct result (readline scalar)");
2415 ok(!defined($context), "void context (readline void)");
2420 is($context, 1, "list context (glob list)");
2421 is(scalar(@bar), 3, "correct result (glob list)");
2422 is($bar[0], 'b', "correct result (glob list)");
2423 is($bar[1], 'a', "correct result (glob list)");
2424 is($bar[2], 'r', "correct result (glob list)");
2429 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (glob scalar)");
2430 is($context, '', "scalar context (glob scalar)");
2431 is($bar, 3, "correct result (glob scalar)");
2436 ok(!defined($context), "void context (glob void)");
2442 package StringWithContext;
2443 use overload '""' => \&stringify;
2448 bless \$string, $class;
2453 $context = wantarray;
2458 my $obj = StringWithContext->new('bar');
2463 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (stringify list)");
2464 is($context, '', "scalar context (stringify list)");
2465 is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (stringify list)");
2466 is($foo[0], 'bar', "correct result (stringify list)");
2471 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (stringify scalar)");
2472 is($context, '', "scalar context (stringify scalar)");
2473 is($foo, 'bar', "correct result (stringify scalar)");
2479 is($context, '', "scalar context (stringify void)");
2482 my ($context, $swap);
2485 package AddWithContext;
2486 use overload '+' => \&add;
2491 bless \$num, $class;
2496 my ($other, $swapped) = @_;
2497 $context = wantarray;
2499 return ref($self)->new($$self + $other);
2502 sub val { ${ $_[0] } }
2505 my $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2507 $context = $swap = 42;
2510 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add list)");
2511 is($context, '', "scalar context (add list)");
2512 ok(defined($swap), "not swapped (add list)");
2513 is($swap, '', "not swapped (add list)");
2514 is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add list)");
2515 is($foo[0]->val, 13, "correct result (add list)");
2517 $context = $swap = 42;
2520 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add list swap)");
2521 is($context, '', "scalar context (add list swap)");
2522 ok(defined($swap), "swapped (add list swap)");
2523 is($swap, 1, "swapped (add list swap)");
2524 is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add list swap)");
2525 is($foo[0]->val, 13, "correct result (add list swap)");
2527 $context = $swap = 42;
2530 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add scalar)");
2531 is($context, '', "scalar context (add scalar)");
2532 ok(defined($swap), "not swapped (add scalar)");
2533 is($swap, '', "not swapped (add scalar)");
2534 is($foo->val, 13, "correct result (add scalar)");
2536 $context = $swap = 42;
2539 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add scalar swap)");
2540 is($context, '', "scalar context (add scalar swap)");
2541 ok(defined($swap), "swapped (add scalar swap)");
2542 is($swap, 1, "swapped (add scalar swap)");
2543 is($foo->val, 13, "correct result (add scalar swap)");
2545 $context = $swap = 42;
2549 ok(!defined($context), "void context (add void)");
2550 ok(defined($swap), "not swapped (add void)");
2551 is($swap, '', "not swapped (add void)");
2553 $context = $swap = 42;
2557 ok(!defined($context), "void context (add void swap)");
2558 ok(defined($swap), "swapped (add void swap)");
2559 is($swap, 1, "swapped (add void swap)");
2561 $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2563 $context = $swap = 42;
2565 my @foo = $obj += 7;
2566 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add assign list)");
2567 is($context, '', "scalar context (add assign list)");
2568 ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add assign list)");
2569 is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add assign list)");
2570 is($foo[0]->val, 13, "correct result (add assign list)");
2571 is($obj->val, 13, "correct result (add assign list)");
2573 $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2575 $context = $swap = 42;
2577 my $foo = $obj += 7;
2578 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add assign scalar)");
2579 is($context, '', "scalar context (add assign scalar)");
2580 ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add assign scalar)");
2581 is($foo->val, 13, "correct result (add assign scalar)");
2582 is($obj->val, 13, "correct result (add assign scalar)");
2584 $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2586 $context = $swap = 42;
2590 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add assign void)");
2591 is($context, '', "scalar context (add assign void)");
2592 ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add assign void)");
2593 is($obj->val, 13, "correct result (add assign void)");
2595 $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2597 $context = $swap = 42;
2600 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add incr list)");
2601 is($context, '', "scalar context (add incr list)");
2602 ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add incr list)");
2603 is(scalar(@foo), 1, "correct result (add incr list)");
2604 is($foo[0]->val, 7, "correct result (add incr list)");
2605 is($obj->val, 7, "correct result (add incr list)");
2607 $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2609 $context = $swap = 42;
2612 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add incr scalar)");
2613 is($context, '', "scalar context (add incr scalar)");
2614 ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add incr scalar)");
2615 is($foo->val, 7, "correct result (add incr scalar)");
2616 is($obj->val, 7, "correct result (add incr scalar)");
2618 $obj = AddWithContext->new(6);
2620 $context = $swap = 42;
2624 ok(defined($context), "scalar context (add incr void)");
2625 is($context, '', "scalar context (add incr void)");
2626 ok(!defined($swap), "not swapped and autogenerated (add incr void)");
2627 is($obj->val, 7, "correct result (add incr void)");
2633 package OnlyFallback;
2634 use overload fallback => 0;
2637 my $obj = bless {}, 'OnlyFallback';
2638 my $died = !eval { "".$obj; 1 };
2640 ok($died, "fallback of 0 causes error");
2641 like($err, qr/"\.": no method found/, "correct error");
2645 package OnlyFallbackUndef;
2646 use overload fallback => undef;
2649 my $obj = bless {}, 'OnlyFallbackUndef';
2650 my $died = !eval { "".$obj; 1 };
2652 ok($died, "fallback of undef causes error");
2653 # this one tries falling back to stringify before dying
2654 like($err, qr/"""": no method found/, "correct error");
2658 package OnlyFallbackTrue;
2659 use overload fallback => 1;
2662 my $obj = bless {}, 'OnlyFallbackTrue';
2664 my $died = !eval { $val = "".$obj; 1 };
2666 ok(!$died, "fallback of 1 doesn't cause error")
2667 || diag("got error of $err");
2668 like($val, qr/^OnlyFallbackTrue=HASH\(/, "stringified correctly");
2673 # Making Regexp class overloaded: avoid infinite recursion.
2674 # Do this in a separate process since it, well, overloads Regexp!
2678 use overload q{""} => sub {$_[0] };
2681 my $r2 = qr/ABC$r1/;
2690 { # undefining the overload stash -- KEEP THIS TEST LAST
2692 use overload '+' => 'onion';
2693 $_ = \&overload::nil;
2696 ::ok(1, 'no crash when undefining %overload::');