3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
25 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
26 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
27 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
29 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
30 Perl stores its global variables.
42 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
43 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
46 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
53 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
54 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
58 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
60 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
61 * this is a dirhandle.
63 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
64 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
65 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
68 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
70 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
71 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
74 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
75 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
76 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
77 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
78 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
79 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
93 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
95 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
96 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
100 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
155 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
156 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
157 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
161 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
172 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
174 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
175 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
176 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
179 /* PL_curcop should never be null here. */
181 /* But for non-debugging builds play it safe */
183 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
185 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
186 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
190 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
192 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
193 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
204 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
205 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
211 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
212 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
215 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
217 GV * const oldgv = CvGV(cv);
219 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
226 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
230 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
233 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) unshare_hek(hek);
235 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
236 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
241 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
242 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
245 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
249 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
252 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
254 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
255 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
259 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
260 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
262 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
266 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
268 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
269 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
270 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
271 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
272 for perl's internal use.
274 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
276 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
278 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
279 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
280 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
281 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
282 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
284 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
285 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
286 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
287 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
291 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
292 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
293 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
295 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
297 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
298 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
300 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
302 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
303 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
309 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
313 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
314 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
317 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
321 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
323 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
324 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
328 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
331 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
332 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
333 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
334 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
336 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
337 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
338 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
339 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
341 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
342 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
345 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
346 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
351 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
352 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
360 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
361 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
363 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
371 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
376 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
379 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
380 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
381 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
382 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
386 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
387 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
388 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
390 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
391 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
392 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
393 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
394 from a reference to CV. */
395 if (exported_constant)
396 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
397 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
402 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
403 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
404 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
410 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
412 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
424 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
432 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
433 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
440 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
443 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
444 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
446 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
447 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
448 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
450 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
451 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
452 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
453 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
458 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
459 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
460 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
461 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
462 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
463 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp: case KEY_CORE :
464 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
465 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
466 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
467 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
468 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
469 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
470 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
471 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
472 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
473 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
474 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
475 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
476 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
477 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
478 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
479 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
482 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
483 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
489 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
492 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
499 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
504 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
505 oldparser = PL_parser;
506 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
507 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
508 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
510 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
514 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
516 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
519 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv));
521 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
523 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
525 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
526 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
527 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
528 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
529 it this order as we need an op number before calling
531 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
533 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
539 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
540 compiling after a syntax error */
541 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_flags(
542 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
547 : newSVpvn(name,len),
552 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
553 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
554 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
555 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
558 PL_parser = oldparser;
559 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
560 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
563 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
565 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
567 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
574 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
576 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
578 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
580 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
581 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
587 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
591 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
592 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
595 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
599 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
601 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
602 instead of a string/length pair.
608 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
610 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
611 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
615 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
617 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
618 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
619 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
621 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
622 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
623 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
624 up caching info for this glob.
626 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
628 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
632 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
633 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
634 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
635 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
640 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
643 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
650 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
651 GV* candidate = NULL;
655 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
658 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
660 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
662 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
664 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
665 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
671 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
673 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
678 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
679 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",name,hvname) );
681 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
683 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
684 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
685 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
686 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
688 else cachestash = stash;
690 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
691 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cachestash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,
697 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
698 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
699 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
700 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
701 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
705 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
706 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
707 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
712 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
713 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
716 else if (stash == cachestash
717 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
718 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
719 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
723 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
724 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
725 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
727 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
729 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
732 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
733 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
735 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
741 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
743 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
744 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
745 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
747 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
753 else candidate = *gvp;
756 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
757 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
758 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
760 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
761 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
762 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
764 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
765 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
766 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
767 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
768 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
769 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
775 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
776 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
777 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags &~GV_SUPER);
779 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
780 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
781 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
782 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
783 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
784 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
785 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
791 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
792 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
793 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
800 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
802 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
805 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
807 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
808 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
814 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
818 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
819 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
822 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
826 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
828 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
829 instead of a string/length pair.
835 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
837 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
838 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
842 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
844 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
845 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
847 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
848 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
849 of the result may be zero.
851 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
857 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
859 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
861 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
868 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
869 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
871 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
874 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
876 /* Have an autoload */
877 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
878 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
879 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
880 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
889 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
891 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
892 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
893 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
896 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
897 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
898 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
899 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
900 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
902 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
903 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
904 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
905 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
906 created via a side effect to do this.
908 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
909 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
910 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
911 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
917 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
919 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
921 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
925 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
929 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
930 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
933 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
937 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
939 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
940 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
943 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
946 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
950 const char *nsplit = NULL;
953 const char * const origname = name;
954 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
955 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
956 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
957 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
959 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
961 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
964 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
965 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
966 the error reporting code. */
969 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
974 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
980 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
981 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
982 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
984 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
985 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
987 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
988 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
989 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
990 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
991 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
994 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
995 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1000 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1002 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1003 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1005 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1006 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1008 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1009 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1012 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1013 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1014 * require it first instead of croaking */
1015 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1016 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1017 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1018 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1019 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1021 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1022 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1027 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1028 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1029 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1030 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1036 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1037 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1039 packnamesv = error_report;
1043 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1044 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1045 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1046 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1047 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1051 else if (autoload) {
1052 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1053 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1061 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1064 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1065 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1066 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1067 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1077 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1081 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1082 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1085 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1089 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1091 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1092 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1096 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1104 SV *packname = NULL;
1105 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1107 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1109 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1112 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1113 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1114 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1115 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1116 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1120 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1121 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1123 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, is_utf8)))
1127 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1131 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1134 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1135 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1137 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1138 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1139 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1141 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1144 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1145 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1146 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1148 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1149 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1150 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1151 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1152 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1155 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1156 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1157 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1158 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1159 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1160 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1161 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1163 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1164 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1166 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1167 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1168 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1170 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1173 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1174 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1175 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1177 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1179 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1180 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1182 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1183 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1187 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1191 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1197 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1198 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1199 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1200 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1202 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1203 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1207 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1208 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1209 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1213 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1214 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1215 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1216 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1217 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1218 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1219 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1222 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1230 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1231 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1233 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1234 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1235 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1236 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1237 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1238 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1239 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1240 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1243 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1246 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1248 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1250 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1251 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1252 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1253 so save it. For the moment it's always
1255 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1261 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1262 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1264 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1266 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1267 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1268 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1269 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1270 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1273 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1278 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1280 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1281 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1287 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1289 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1290 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1294 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1296 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1297 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1298 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1299 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1300 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1303 Flags may be one of:
1312 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1318 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1324 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1326 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1328 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1331 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1332 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1333 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1334 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1335 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1336 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1340 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1341 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1343 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1344 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1346 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1347 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1348 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1349 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1350 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1356 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1358 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1364 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1367 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
1369 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1371 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags | SvUTF8(sv));
1376 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1378 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1382 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1384 const char * const nambeg =
1385 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1386 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1387 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1390 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1391 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1395 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1399 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1403 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1404 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1406 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1407 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1409 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1410 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1411 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1412 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1414 const char *name_cursor;
1415 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1416 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1418 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1420 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1421 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1425 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1426 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1427 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1428 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1431 *stash = PL_defstash;
1432 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1435 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1436 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1439 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1445 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1446 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1447 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1448 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1451 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -(*len) : *len, add);
1452 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1453 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1454 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1455 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1461 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1464 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1465 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1466 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1467 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1468 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1469 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1472 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1474 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1475 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1476 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1477 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1480 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1481 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1484 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1486 *name = name_cursor+1;
1487 if (*name == name_end) {
1489 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1494 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1498 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1499 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1500 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1502 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1503 * which might happen during global destruction.
1505 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1506 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1507 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1508 const svtype sv_type)
1510 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1512 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1514 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1515 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8)) {
1516 bool global = FALSE;
1518 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1519 * like INC or STDOUT.
1527 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1528 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1529 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1533 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1538 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1539 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1543 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1544 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1545 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1549 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1550 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1557 *stash = PL_defstash;
1558 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1559 *stash = PL_curstash;
1560 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1561 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1562 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1563 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1564 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1565 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1566 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1568 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,0);
1569 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1570 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1574 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1575 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1576 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1578 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1580 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1581 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1582 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1583 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1584 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1587 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1588 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1589 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1596 /* Use the current op's stash */
1597 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1600 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1602 *stash = PL_defstash;
1605 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1606 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1607 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1608 "\" requires explicit package name",
1609 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1610 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1611 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1612 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1617 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1619 /* symbol table under destruction */
1628 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1634 /* magicalize_gv() gets called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating a new GV */
1635 PERL_STATIC_INLINE GV*
1636 S_magicalize_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1637 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1641 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGICALIZE_GV;
1643 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1644 /* We only have to check for three names here: EXPORT, ISA
1645 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1646 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1648 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1651 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1655 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1656 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1659 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1665 goto add_magical_gv;
1668 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1669 /* Avoid null warning: */
1670 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1671 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1672 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1679 /* Nothing else to do.
1680 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1681 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1682 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1683 platforms, we can't just do:
1684 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1685 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1686 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1687 would make them larger than 'V')
1692 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1695 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1696 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1698 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1703 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1707 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1708 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1712 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1715 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1716 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1717 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1718 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1720 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1721 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1722 use didn't clean up fully because
1723 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1724 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1725 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1726 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1727 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1728 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1729 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1730 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1734 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1735 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1736 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1738 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1743 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1746 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1747 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1750 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1751 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1754 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1755 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1758 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1759 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1762 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1763 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1764 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1768 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1769 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1772 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1773 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1774 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1777 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1778 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1782 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1783 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1786 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1787 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1789 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1791 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1794 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1795 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1808 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1810 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1811 const char *end = name + len;
1812 while (--end > name) {
1813 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) goto add_magical_gv;
1815 paren = strtoul(name, NULL, 10);
1821 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1822 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1825 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
1828 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
1831 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
1833 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
1835 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1836 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1837 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1838 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1840 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
1844 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
1845 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
1858 paren = *name - '0';
1861 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
1862 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
1863 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
1867 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1871 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1872 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1878 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1880 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1882 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1883 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1885 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1887 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1893 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1895 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1896 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
1898 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1899 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1901 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1904 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1906 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1908 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1915 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
1916 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
1917 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1918 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1920 case '\010': /* $^H */
1922 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1923 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1927 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1928 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
1929 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1930 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1933 else goto magicalize;
1935 case '\023': /* $^S */
1937 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1953 case '\001': /* $^A */
1954 case '\003': /* $^C */
1955 case '\004': /* $^D */
1956 case '\005': /* $^E */
1957 case '\006': /* $^F */
1958 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1959 case '\016': /* $^N */
1960 case '\017': /* $^O */
1961 case '\020': /* $^P */
1962 case '\024': /* $^T */
1963 case '\027': /* $^W */
1965 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1968 case '\014': /* $^L */
1969 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
1972 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
1976 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
1977 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1978 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1979 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1980 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1984 case '\026': /* $^V */
1986 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
1987 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1988 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1996 if (GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) || GvCV(gv) || (
1997 GvSV(gv) && (SvOK(GvSV(gv)) || SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)))
1999 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2000 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv), gv = NULL;
2007 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2008 const svtype sv_type)
2011 const char *name = nambeg;
2016 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2017 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2018 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2019 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2020 bool addmg = !!(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2021 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2024 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2026 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2027 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2028 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2029 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2031 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2034 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2035 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2041 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2045 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2046 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,add);
2047 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2048 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2051 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2052 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2055 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2058 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2059 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2060 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2061 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2062 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2063 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2064 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2066 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2067 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2068 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2069 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2070 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2071 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2072 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2074 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2077 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2080 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2082 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2084 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2088 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2092 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2099 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2100 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2101 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2102 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2105 } else if (no_init) {
2108 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2113 /* Adding a new symbol.
2114 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2115 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2117 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2118 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2120 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2122 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2123 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2124 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2125 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2126 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2128 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2131 /* set up magic where warranted */
2132 gv = magicalize_gv(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type);
2134 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2139 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2142 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2144 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2146 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2148 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2149 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2150 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2151 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2155 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2156 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2160 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2162 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2164 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2166 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2170 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2175 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2177 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2179 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2181 /* SvIsCOW is unused on HVs, so we can use it to mark stashes we
2182 are currently searching through recursively. */
2184 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2187 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2188 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2190 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash && !SvIsCOW(hv))
2191 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2193 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2194 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2196 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2197 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2200 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2202 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2204 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2205 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2207 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2208 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2209 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2210 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2211 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2219 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2222 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2223 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2225 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2226 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2231 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2234 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2242 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2243 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2244 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2245 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2254 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2260 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2262 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2263 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2264 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2265 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2268 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
2269 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2276 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2278 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2279 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2280 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2281 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2282 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2283 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2284 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2286 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2295 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2299 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2300 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2301 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2302 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2303 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n", hvname_hek));
2304 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2305 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, HEK_KEY(hvname_hek),
2306 (HEK_UTF8(hvname_hek) ? -HEK_LEN(hvname_hek) : HEK_LEN(hvname_hek)),
2314 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2320 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2322 if (--attempts == 0) {
2324 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2325 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2335 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2337 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2338 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2340 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2342 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2344 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2345 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2347 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2348 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2355 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2357 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2358 * 0 if there is no overload
2359 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2363 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2366 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2368 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2371 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2373 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2375 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2376 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2377 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2379 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2382 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2385 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2386 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2393 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2395 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2396 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2397 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2402 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2405 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2407 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2410 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2411 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2412 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2413 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2414 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2415 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2422 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2423 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2424 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2425 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2426 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2428 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2429 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2430 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2431 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2432 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2433 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2434 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2435 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2436 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2437 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2439 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
2440 if(GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")){
2441 const char * const hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2442 if (hvname && HEK_LEN(HvNAME_HEK(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))) == 8
2443 && strEQ(hvname, "overload")) {
2444 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2445 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2446 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2448 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2450 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2451 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2452 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2453 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2454 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2456 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2461 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2463 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2464 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2465 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2466 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2467 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2468 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2476 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2479 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2480 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2481 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2483 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2484 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2487 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2490 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2491 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2492 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2496 /* Here we have no table: */
2498 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2499 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2500 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2506 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2512 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2514 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2517 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2518 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2520 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2523 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2525 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2528 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2529 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2531 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2532 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2533 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2534 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2535 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2536 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2537 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2538 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2550 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2551 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2553 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2555 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2559 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2563 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2567 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2568 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2569 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2574 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2575 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2585 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2591 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2592 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2595 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2597 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2598 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2602 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2605 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2606 SV* const right = TOPs;
2612 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2613 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2614 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2616 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2623 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2624 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2634 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2635 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2637 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2640 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2641 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2643 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2646 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2648 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2650 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2656 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2659 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2661 while (SvAMAGIC(ref) &&
2662 (tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2663 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2665 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2666 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2667 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2672 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2676 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2678 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2680 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2682 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2683 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2685 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2686 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2687 * masked by overloading.pm */
2689 const int offset = method / 8;
2690 const int bit = method % 8;
2691 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2693 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2694 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2701 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2706 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2707 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2708 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2709 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2710 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2711 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2712 int use_default_op = 0;
2713 int force_scalar = 0;
2719 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2721 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2722 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2725 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2726 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2727 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2728 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2729 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2731 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2732 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2738 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
2739 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
2741 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
2744 /* look for substituted methods */
2745 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
2749 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
2750 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
2751 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2756 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
2757 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
2758 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2762 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2765 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2768 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2771 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
2772 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
2773 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2780 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
2783 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
2784 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
2786 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
2787 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
2789 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
2790 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
2791 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
2792 delegate to the stash. */
2793 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
2799 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
2800 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
2801 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2803 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2804 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
2805 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
2807 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2808 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
2809 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
2812 if (off==subtr_amg) {
2823 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
2825 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2830 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2831 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2834 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2842 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2847 if (!cv) goto not_found;
2848 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
2849 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2850 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2851 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2852 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2854 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
2857 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
2858 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
2859 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
2860 /* We look for substitution for
2861 * comparison operations and
2863 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
2864 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
2865 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2887 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2891 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2901 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2909 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2912 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2913 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2914 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2915 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2916 } else if ((use_default_op =
2917 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
2918 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
2920 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2924 if (off==-1) off=method;
2925 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2926 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
2927 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2928 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2930 "in overloaded package ":
2931 "has no overloaded magic",
2933 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
2936 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2939 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2941 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
2942 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
2943 if (use_default_op) {
2944 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
2946 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2950 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2955 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
2956 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
2957 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
2958 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
2964 if (off == subtr_amg)
2967 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
2968 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
2969 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
2970 * assigned to the proper variable later */
2987 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
2991 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
2992 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
2993 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3001 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3002 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3003 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3013 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3014 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3016 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3018 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3019 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3020 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3021 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3022 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3023 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3024 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3025 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3028 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3029 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3030 * version of copy operator
3032 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3033 * a) Assignment form was called.
3034 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3035 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3036 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3037 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3038 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3040 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3041 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3043 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3044 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3047 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3048 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3050 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3051 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3054 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3055 * information by hand */
3056 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3058 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3059 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3061 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3069 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3071 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3074 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3075 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3076 myop.op_next = NULL;
3077 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3081 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3084 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3085 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3090 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3094 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3097 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3098 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3099 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3101 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3103 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3104 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3105 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3106 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3108 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3109 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3111 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3115 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3119 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3123 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3124 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3127 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3130 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3131 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3132 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3134 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3146 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3153 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3156 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3159 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3162 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3165 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3168 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3171 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3173 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3178 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3180 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3182 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3190 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3195 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3198 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3200 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3201 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3204 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3205 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3209 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3211 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3212 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3213 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3214 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3215 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3216 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3217 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3219 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3221 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3222 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3223 more compactly represents the same thing.
3229 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3235 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3237 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3239 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3241 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3242 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3243 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3244 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3245 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3246 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3248 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3250 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3251 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3253 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3254 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3260 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3261 (void)hv_delete(stash, HEK_KEY(gvnhek),
3262 HEK_UTF8(gvnhek) ? -HEK_LEN(gvnhek) : HEK_LEN(gvnhek), G_DISCARD);
3263 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv &&
3264 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3265 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3266 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3267 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3268 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3269 (gvp = hv_fetch(stash, HEK_KEY(namehek),
3270 HEK_LEN(namehek)*(HEK_UTF8(namehek) ? -1 : 1), 0)) &&
3272 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3273 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3277 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3278 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3279 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3280 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3287 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3290 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3296 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3298 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3301 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: