3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * Far below them they saw the white waters pour into a foaming bowl, and
13 * then swirl darkly about a deep oval basin in the rocks, until they found
14 * their way out again through a narrow gate, and flowed away, fuming and
15 * chattering, into calmer and more level reaches.
17 * [p.684 of _The Lord of the Rings_, IV/vi: "The Forbidden Pool"]
20 /* This file contains functions that do the actual I/O on behalf of ops.
21 * For example, pp_print() calls the do_print() function in this file for
22 * each argument needing printing.
26 #define PERL_IN_DOIO_C
29 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
38 # ifndef HAS_SHMAT_PROTOTYPE
39 extern Shmat_t shmat (int, char *, int);
45 # if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(__MINGW32__)
46 # include <sys/utime.h>
53 # define OPEN_EXCL O_EXCL
58 #define PERL_MODE_MAX 8
59 #define PERL_FLAGS_MAX 10
64 S_openn_setup(pTHX_ GV *gv, char *mode, PerlIO **saveifp, PerlIO **saveofp,
65 int *savefd, char *savetype)
68 IO * const io = GvIOn(gv);
70 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPENN_SETUP;
75 *savetype = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
77 Zero(mode,sizeof(mode),char);
78 PL_forkprocess = 1; /* assume true if no fork */
80 /* If currently open - close before we re-open */
82 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD) {
83 /* This is a clone of one of STD* handles */
86 const int old_fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
88 if (old_fd >= 0 && old_fd <= PL_maxsysfd) {
89 /* This is one of the original STD* handles */
92 *savetype = IoTYPE(io);
98 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE)
99 result = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
100 else if (IoIFP(io) != IoOFP(io)) {
102 result = PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io));
103 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
106 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
109 result = PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io));
111 if (result == EOF && old_fd > PL_maxsysfd) {
112 /* Why is this not Perl_warn*() call ? */
113 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
114 "Warning: unable to close filehandle %"HEKf" properly.\n",
115 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv))
120 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = NULL;
126 Perl_do_openn(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, I32 len, int as_raw,
127 int rawmode, int rawperm, PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp,
130 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPENN;
133 /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
136 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: sysopen with multiple args, num_svs=%ld",
139 return do_open_raw(gv, oname, len, rawmode, rawperm);
141 return do_open6(gv, oname, len, supplied_fp, svp, num_svs);
145 Perl_do_open_raw(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, STRLEN len,
146 int rawmode, int rawperm)
153 char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX]; /* file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "ab\0" etc.) */
154 IO * const io = openn_setup(gv, mode, &saveifp, &saveofp, &savefd, &savetype);
158 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPEN_RAW;
160 /* For ease of blame back to 5.000, keep the existing indenting. */
162 /* sysopen style args, i.e. integer mode and permissions */
164 const int appendtrunc =
166 #ifdef O_APPEND /* Not fully portable. */
169 #ifdef O_TRUNC /* Not fully portable. */
173 const int modifyingmode = O_WRONLY|O_RDWR|O_CREAT|appendtrunc;
183 It might be (in OS/390 and Mac OS Classic it is)
189 This means that simple & with O_RDWR would look
190 like O_RDONLY is present. Therefore we have to
193 if ((ismodifying = (rawmode & modifyingmode))) {
194 if ((ismodifying & O_WRONLY) == O_WRONLY ||
195 (ismodifying & O_RDWR) == O_RDWR ||
196 (ismodifying & (O_CREAT|appendtrunc)))
197 TAINT_PROPER("sysopen");
199 mode[ix++] = IoTYPE_NUMERIC; /* Marker to openn to use numeric "sysopen" */
201 #if defined(USE_64_BIT_RAWIO) && defined(O_LARGEFILE)
202 rawmode |= O_LARGEFILE; /* Transparently largefiley. */
205 IoTYPE(io) = PerlIO_intmode2str(rawmode, &mode[ix], &writing);
207 namesv = newSVpvn_flags(oname, len, SVs_TEMP);
208 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ NULL, mode, -1, rawmode, rawperm, NULL, 1, &namesv);
210 return openn_cleanup(gv, io, fp, mode, oname, saveifp, saveofp, savefd,
211 savetype, writing, 0, NULL);
215 Perl_do_open6(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *oname, STRLEN len,
216 PerlIO *supplied_fp, SV **svp, U32 num_svs)
223 char mode[PERL_MODE_MAX]; /* file mode ("r\0", "rb\0", "ab\0" etc.) */
224 IO * const io = openn_setup(gv, mode, &saveifp, &saveofp, &savefd, &savetype);
227 bool was_fdopen = FALSE;
230 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_OPEN6;
232 /* For ease of blame back to 5.000, keep the existing indenting. */
234 /* Regular (non-sys) open */
239 bool in_raw = 0, in_crlf = 0, out_raw = 0, out_crlf = 0;
241 /* Collect default raw/crlf info from the op */
242 if (PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_OPEN) {
243 /* set up IO layers */
244 const U8 flags = PL_op->op_private;
245 in_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_RAW);
246 in_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_IN_CRLF);
247 out_raw = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_RAW);
248 out_crlf = (flags & OPpOPEN_OUT_CRLF);
251 type = savepvn(oname, len);
255 /* Lose leading and trailing white space */
256 while (isSPACE(*type))
258 while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
264 /* New style explicit name, type is just mode and layer info */
266 if (SvROK(*svp) && !strchr(oname,'&')) {
268 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
269 "Can't open a reference");
270 SETERRNO(EINVAL, LIB_INVARG);
274 #endif /* USE_STDIO */
275 p = (SvOK(*svp) || SvGMAGICAL(*svp)) ? SvPV(*svp, nlen) : NULL;
277 if (p && !IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(p, nlen, "open")) {
282 name = p ? savepvn(p, nlen) : savepvs("");
291 if ((*type == IoTYPE_RDWR) && /* scary */
292 (*(type+1) == IoTYPE_RDONLY || *(type+1) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) &&
293 ((!num_svs || (tend > type+1 && tend[-1] != IoTYPE_PIPE)))) {
294 TAINT_PROPER("open");
299 if (*type == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
301 if (type[1] != IoTYPE_STD) {
303 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unknown open() mode '%.*s'", (int)olen, oname);
309 } while (isSPACE(*type));
315 /* command is missing 19990114 */
316 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
317 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
322 if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
324 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
325 if (!num_svs && name[len-1] == '|') {
327 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
328 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Can't open bidirectional pipe");
337 fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode, num_svs, svp);
340 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
344 if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
351 else if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
352 TAINT_PROPER("open");
354 if (*type == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
355 /* Two IoTYPE_WRONLYs in a row make for an IoTYPE_APPEND. */
356 mode[0] = IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_APPEND;
370 dodup = PERLIO_DUP_FD;
376 if (!num_svs && !*type && supplied_fp) {
377 /* "<+&" etc. is used by typemaps */
381 PerlIO *that_fp = NULL;
384 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
385 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '%c&' open",IoTYPE(io));
387 while (isSPACE(*type))
391 || (SvPOKp(*svp) && looks_like_number(*svp))
393 wanted_fd = SvUV(*svp);
396 else if (isDIGIT(*type)) {
397 wanted_fd = atoi(type);
402 thatio = sv_2io(*svp);
405 GV * const thatgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(type, tend - type,
407 thatio = GvIO(thatgv);
411 SETERRNO(EINVAL,SS_IVCHAN);
416 if ((that_fp = IoIFP(thatio))) {
417 /* Flush stdio buffer before dup. --mjd
418 * Unfortunately SEEK_CURing 0 seems to
419 * be optimized away on most platforms;
420 * only Solaris and Linux seem to flush
422 /* On the other hand, do all platforms
423 * take gracefully to flushing a read-only
424 * filehandle? Perhaps we should do
425 * fsetpos(src)+fgetpos(dst)? --nik */
426 PerlIO_flush(that_fp);
427 wanted_fd = PerlIO_fileno(that_fp);
428 /* When dup()ing STDIN, STDOUT or STDERR
429 * explicitly set appropriate access mode */
430 if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdout()
431 || that_fp == PerlIO_stderr())
432 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
433 else if (that_fp == PerlIO_stdin())
434 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
435 /* When dup()ing a socket, say result is
437 else if (IoTYPE(thatio) == IoTYPE_SOCKET)
438 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET;
446 fp = PerlIO_fdupopen(aTHX_ that_fp, NULL, dodup);
450 wanted_fd = PerlLIO_dup(wanted_fd);
453 if (!(fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,wanted_fd,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp))) {
454 if (dodup && wanted_fd >= 0)
455 PerlLIO_close(wanted_fd);
461 while (isSPACE(*type))
463 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
465 fp = PerlIO_stdout();
466 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
468 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
469 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '>%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
474 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
477 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
479 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
483 if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
484 goto unknown_open_mode;
485 } /* IoTYPE_WRONLY */
486 else if (*type == IoTYPE_RDONLY) {
489 } while (isSPACE(*type));
498 if (*type == IoTYPE_STD && (!type[1] || isSPACE(type[1]) || type[1] == ':')) {
501 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
503 /* diag_listed_as: More than one argument to '%s' open */
504 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "More than one argument to '<%c' open",IoTYPE_STD);
509 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
512 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
514 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
517 if (!fp && type && *type && *type != ':' && !isIDFIRST(*type))
518 goto unknown_open_mode;
519 } /* IoTYPE_RDONLY */
520 else if ((num_svs && /* '-|...' or '...|' */
521 type[0] == IoTYPE_STD && type[1] == IoTYPE_PIPE) ||
522 (!num_svs && tend > type+1 && tend[-1] == IoTYPE_PIPE)) {
524 type += 2; /* skip over '-|' */
528 while (tend > type && isSPACE(tend[-1]))
530 for (; isSPACE(*type); type++)
536 /* command is missing 19990114 */
537 if (ckWARN(WARN_PIPE))
538 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PIPE), "Missing command in piped open");
543 if (!(*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') || num_svs)
545 TAINT_PROPER("piped open");
554 fp = PerlProc_popen_list(mode,num_svs,svp);
557 fp = PerlProc_popen(name,mode);
559 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_PIPE;
561 while (isSPACE(*type))
564 if (PerlIO_apply_layers(aTHX_ fp, mode, type) != 0) {
571 else { /* layer(Args) */
573 goto unknown_open_mode;
575 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
576 for (; isSPACE(*name); name++)
585 if (*name == '-' && name[1] == '\0') {
587 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_STD;
591 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,num_svs,svp);
594 SV *namesv = newSVpvn_flags(type, tend - type, SVs_TEMP);
596 fp = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,mode,-1,0,0,NULL,1,&namesv);
603 return openn_cleanup(gv, io, fp, mode, oname, saveifp, saveofp, savefd,
604 savetype, writing, was_fdopen, type);
607 /* Yes, this is ugly, but it's private, and I don't see a cleaner way to
608 simplify the two-headed public interface of do_openn. */
610 S_openn_cleanup(pTHX_ GV *gv, IO *io, PerlIO *fp, char *mode, const char *oname,
611 PerlIO *saveifp, PerlIO *saveofp, int savefd, char savetype,
612 int writing, bool was_fdopen, const char *type)
616 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OPENN_CLEANUP;
619 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE)
620 && should_warn_nl(oname)
624 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
625 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "open");
631 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
632 if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDONLY) &&
633 (fp == PerlIO_stdout() || fp == PerlIO_stderr())) {
634 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
635 "Filehandle STD%s reopened as %"HEKf
637 ((fp == PerlIO_stdout()) ? "OUT" : "ERR"),
638 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv)));
640 else if ((IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) && fp == PerlIO_stdin()) {
641 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
642 "Filehandle STDIN reopened as %"HEKf" only for output",
643 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(gv))
648 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
649 /* Do NOT do: "if (fd < 0) goto say_false;" here. If there is no
650 * fd assume it isn't a socket - this covers PerlIO::scalar -
651 * otherwise unless we "know" the type probe for socket-ness.
653 if (IoTYPE(io) && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_PIPE && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_STD && fd >= 0) {
654 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd,&PL_statbuf) < 0) {
655 /* If PerlIO claims to have fd we had better be able to fstat() it. */
656 (void) PerlIO_close(fp);
660 if (S_ISSOCK(PL_statbuf.st_mode))
661 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* in case a socket was passed in to us */
664 !(PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IFMT)
665 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_WRONLY /* Dups of STD* filehandles already have */
666 && IoTYPE(io) != IoTYPE_RDONLY /* type so they aren't marked as sockets */
667 ) { /* on OS's that return 0 on fstat()ed pipe */
669 Sock_size_t buflen = sizeof tmpbuf;
670 if (PerlSock_getsockname(fd, (struct sockaddr *)tmpbuf, &buflen) >= 0
671 || errno != ENOTSOCK)
672 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_SOCKET; /* some OS's return 0 on fstat()ed socket */
673 /* but some return 0 for streams too, sigh */
675 #endif /* HAS_SOCKET */
676 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
680 * If this is a standard handle we discard all the layer stuff
681 * and just dup the fd into whatever was on the handle before !
684 if (saveifp) { /* must use old fp? */
685 /* If fd is less that PL_maxsysfd i.e. STDIN..STDERR
686 then dup the new fileno down
689 PerlIO_flush(saveofp); /* emulate PerlIO_close() */
690 if (saveofp != saveifp) { /* was a socket? */
691 PerlIO_close(saveofp);
695 /* Still a small can-of-worms here if (say) PerlIO::scalar
696 is assigned to (say) STDOUT - for now let dup2() fail
697 and provide the error
700 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
702 } else if (PerlLIO_dup2(fd, savefd) < 0) {
703 (void)PerlIO_close(fp);
707 if (savefd != PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) {
708 char newname[FILENAME_MAX+1];
709 if (PerlIO_getname(fp, newname)) {
710 if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdout()))
711 vmssetuserlnm("SYS$OUTPUT", newname);
712 if (fd == PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stderr()))
713 vmssetuserlnm("SYS$ERROR", newname);
719 /* PL_fdpid isn't used on Windows, so avoid this useless work.
720 * XXX Probably the same for a lot of other places. */
725 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,fd,TRUE);
726 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
729 sv = *av_fetch(PL_fdpid,savefd,TRUE);
730 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_IV);
736 /* need to close fp without closing underlying fd */
737 int ofd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
738 int dupfd = ofd >= 0 ? PerlLIO_dup(ofd) : -1;
739 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
740 /* Assume if we have F_SETFD we have F_GETFD */
741 int coe = ofd >= 0 ? fcntl(ofd, F_GETFD) : -1;
744 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
748 if (ofd < 0 || dupfd < 0) {
750 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
754 PerlLIO_dup2(dupfd, ofd);
755 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
756 /* The dup trick has lost close-on-exec on ofd */
757 fcntl(ofd,F_SETFD, coe);
759 PerlLIO_close(dupfd);
766 fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
768 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
770 if (fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, fd > PL_maxsysfd) < 0) {
778 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_NOLINE;
780 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_SOCKET
781 || (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY && fd >= 0 && S_ISCHR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) ) {
783 if (*s == IoTYPE_IMPLICIT || *s == IoTYPE_NUMERIC)
786 if (!(IoOFP(io) = PerlIO_openn(aTHX_ type,s,fd,0,0,NULL,0,NULL))) {
800 IoTYPE(io) = savetype;
805 Perl_nextargv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
808 IO * const io = GvIOp(gv);
810 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEXTARGV;
813 PL_argvoutgv = gv_fetchpvs("ARGVOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO);
814 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START)) {
815 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
818 Perl_av_create_and_push(aTHX_ &PL_argvout_stack,
819 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(PL_defoutgv));
822 if (PL_filemode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
823 PerlIO_flush(IoIFP(GvIOn(PL_argvoutgv))); /* chmod must follow last write */
826 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
828 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
835 while (av_tindex(GvAV(gv)) >= 0) {
837 SV *const sv = av_shift(GvAV(gv));
839 SvTAINTED_off(GvSVn(gv)); /* previous tainting irrelevant */
840 sv_setsv(GvSVn(gv),sv);
841 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(gv));
842 PL_oldname = SvPVx(GvSV(gv), oldlen);
843 if (LIKELY(!PL_inplace)) {
844 if (do_open6(gv, PL_oldname, oldlen, NULL, NULL, 0)) {
845 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
849 /* This very long block ends with return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
850 Both this block and the block above fall through on open
851 failure to the warning code, and then the while loop above tries
853 if (do_open_raw(gv, PL_oldname, oldlen, O_RDONLY, 0)) {
854 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
861 TAINT_PROPER("inplace open");
862 if (oldlen == 1 && *PL_oldname == '-') {
863 setdefout(gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL,
865 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
867 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
868 filedev = PL_statbuf.st_dev;
869 fileino = PL_statbuf.st_ino;
871 PL_filemode = PL_statbuf.st_mode;
872 fileuid = PL_statbuf.st_uid;
873 filegid = PL_statbuf.st_gid;
874 if (!S_ISREG(PL_filemode)) {
875 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
876 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
881 if (*PL_inplace && strNE(PL_inplace, "*")) {
882 const char *star = strchr(PL_inplace, '*');
884 const char *begin = PL_inplace;
887 sv_catpvn(sv, begin, star - begin);
888 sv_catpvn(sv, PL_oldname, oldlen);
890 } while ((star = strchr(begin, '*')));
895 sv_catpv(sv,PL_inplace);
897 #ifndef FLEXFILENAMES
898 if ((PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX_const(sv),&PL_statbuf) >= 0
899 && PL_statbuf.st_dev == filedev
900 && PL_statbuf.st_ino == fileino)
902 || ((_djstat_fail_bits & _STFAIL_TRUENAME)!=0)
906 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
907 "Can't do inplace edit: %"SVf" would not be unique",
914 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
915 if (PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
916 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
917 "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
918 PL_oldname, SVfARG(sv), Strerror(errno));
924 (void)PerlLIO_unlink(SvPVX_const(sv));
925 (void)PerlLIO_rename(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv));
926 do_open_raw(gv, SvPVX_const(sv), SvCUR(sv), O_RDONLY, 0);
929 (void)UNLINK(SvPVX_const(sv));
930 if (link(PL_oldname,SvPVX_const(sv)) < 0) {
931 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
932 "Can't rename %s to %"SVf": %s, skipping file",
933 PL_oldname, SVfARG(sv), Strerror(errno) );
937 (void)UNLINK(PL_oldname);
941 #if !defined(DOSISH) && !defined(AMIGAOS)
942 # ifndef VMS /* Don't delete; use automatic file versioning */
943 if (UNLINK(PL_oldname) < 0) {
944 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
945 "Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file",
946 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
952 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do inplace edit without backup");
956 sv_setpvn(sv,PL_oldname,oldlen);
957 SETERRNO(0,0); /* in case sprintf set errno */
958 if (!Perl_do_open_raw(aTHX_ PL_argvoutgv, SvPVX_const(sv),
961 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|O_TRUNC, 0
963 O_WRONLY|O_CREAT|OPEN_EXCL, 0600
966 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s",
967 PL_oldname, Strerror(errno) );
971 setdefout(PL_argvoutgv);
972 PL_lastfd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOp(PL_argvoutgv)));
973 if (PL_lastfd >= 0) {
974 (void)PerlLIO_fstat(PL_lastfd,&PL_statbuf);
976 (void)fchmod(PL_lastfd,PL_filemode);
978 (void)PerlLIO_chmod(PL_oldname,PL_filemode);
980 if (fileuid != PL_statbuf.st_uid || filegid != PL_statbuf.st_gid) {
981 /* XXX silently ignore failures */
983 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(fchown(PL_lastfd,fileuid,filegid));
986 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(PerlLIO_chown(PL_oldname,fileuid,filegid));
991 return IoIFP(GvIOp(gv));
993 } /* successful do_open_raw(), PL_inplace non-NULL */
995 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INPLACE)) {
996 const int eno = errno;
997 if (PerlLIO_stat(PL_oldname, &PL_statbuf) >= 0
998 && !S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
999 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE),
1000 "Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file",
1004 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INPLACE), "Can't open %s: %s",
1005 PL_oldname, Strerror(eno));
1009 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV))
1010 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_START;
1012 (void)do_close(PL_argvoutgv,FALSE);
1013 if (io && (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV)
1014 && PL_argvout_stack && AvFILLp(PL_argvout_stack) >= 0)
1016 GV * const oldout = MUTABLE_GV(av_pop(PL_argvout_stack));
1018 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldout);
1021 setdefout(gv_fetchpvs("STDOUT", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVIO));
1026 /* explicit renamed to avoid C++ conflict -- kja */
1028 Perl_do_close(pTHX_ GV *gv, bool not_implicit)
1036 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv)) {
1038 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1042 if (!io) { /* never opened */
1045 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1049 retval = io_close(io, not_implicit);
1053 IoLINES_LEFT(io) = IoPAGE_LEN(io);
1055 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_CLOSED;
1060 Perl_io_close(pTHX_ IO *io, bool not_implicit)
1063 bool retval = FALSE;
1065 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IO_CLOSE;
1068 if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_PIPE) {
1069 const int status = PerlProc_pclose(IoIFP(io));
1071 STATUS_NATIVE_CHILD_SET(status);
1072 retval = (STATUS_UNIX == 0);
1075 retval = (status != -1);
1078 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_STD)
1081 if (IoOFP(io) && IoOFP(io) != IoIFP(io)) { /* a socket */
1082 const bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoOFP(io));
1083 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoOFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
1084 PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)); /* clear stdio, fd already closed */
1087 const bool prev_err = PerlIO_error(IoIFP(io));
1088 retval = (PerlIO_close(IoIFP(io)) != EOF && !prev_err);
1091 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = NULL;
1093 else if (not_implicit) {
1094 SETERRNO(EBADF,SS_IVCHAN);
1101 Perl_do_eof(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1104 IO * const io = GvIO(gv);
1106 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_EOF;
1110 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY)
1111 report_wrongway_fh(gv, '>');
1114 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io))) { /* (the code works without this) */
1115 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) > 0) /* cheat a little, since */
1116 return FALSE; /* this is the most usual case */
1120 /* getc and ungetc can stomp on errno */
1122 const int ch = PerlIO_getc(IoIFP(io));
1124 (void)PerlIO_ungetc(IoIFP(io),ch);
1131 if (PerlIO_has_cntptr(IoIFP(io)) && PerlIO_canset_cnt(IoIFP(io))) {
1132 if (PerlIO_get_cnt(IoIFP(io)) < -1)
1133 PerlIO_set_cnt(IoIFP(io),-1);
1135 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* not necessarily a real EOF yet? */
1136 if (gv != PL_argvgv || !nextargv(gv)) /* get another fp handy */
1140 return TRUE; /* normal fp, definitely end of file */
1146 Perl_do_tell(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1149 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1152 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_TELL;
1154 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1155 return PerlIO_tell(fp);
1158 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1163 Perl_do_seek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
1166 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1169 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1170 return PerlIO_seek(fp, pos, whence) >= 0;
1173 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1178 Perl_do_sysseek(pTHX_ GV *gv, Off_t pos, int whence)
1181 IO *const io = GvIO(gv);
1184 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SYSSEEK;
1186 if (io && (fp = IoIFP(io))) {
1187 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(fp);
1189 return PerlLIO_lseek(fd, pos, whence);
1193 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1198 Perl_mode_from_discipline(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN len)
1200 int mode = O_BINARY;
1201 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1207 if (s[2] == 'a' && s[3] == 'w'
1208 && (!s[4] || s[4] == ':' || isSPACE(s[4])))
1217 if (s[2] == 'r' && s[3] == 'l' && s[4] == 'f'
1218 && (!s[5] || s[5] == ':' || isSPACE(s[5])))
1227 goto fail_discipline;
1230 else if (isSPACE(*s)) {
1237 end = strchr(s+1, ':');
1240 #ifndef PERLIO_LAYERS
1241 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "IO layers (like '%.*s') unavailable", end-s, s);
1252 #if !defined(HAS_TRUNCATE) && !defined(HAS_CHSIZE)
1254 my_chsize(int fd, Off_t length)
1257 /* code courtesy of William Kucharski */
1262 if (PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &filebuf) < 0)
1265 if (filebuf.st_size < length) {
1267 /* extend file length */
1269 if ((PerlLIO_lseek(fd, (length - 1), 0)) < 0)
1272 /* write a "0" byte */
1274 if ((PerlLIO_write(fd, "", 1)) != 1)
1278 /* truncate length */
1282 fl.l_start = length;
1283 fl.l_type = F_WRLCK; /* write lock on file space */
1286 * This relies on the UNDOCUMENTED F_FREESP argument to
1287 * fcntl(2), which truncates the file so that it ends at the
1288 * position indicated by fl.l_start.
1290 * Will minor miracles never cease?
1293 if (fcntl(fd, F_FREESP, &fl) < 0)
1299 Perl_croak_nocontext("truncate not implemented");
1300 #endif /* F_FREESP */
1303 #endif /* !HAS_TRUNCATE && !HAS_CHSIZE */
1306 Perl_do_print(pTHX_ SV *sv, PerlIO *fp)
1310 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_PRINT;
1312 /* assuming fp is checked earlier */
1315 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV && SvIOK(sv)) {
1316 assert(!SvGMAGICAL(sv));
1318 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
1320 PerlIO_printf(fp, "%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
1321 return !PerlIO_error(fp);
1325 /* Do this first to trigger any overloading. */
1326 const char *tmps = SvPV_const(sv, len);
1330 if (PerlIO_isutf8(fp)) { /* If the stream is utf8 ... */
1331 if (!SvUTF8(sv)) { /* Convert to utf8 if necessary */
1332 /* We don't modify the original scalar. */
1333 tmpbuf = bytes_to_utf8((const U8*) tmps, &len);
1334 tmps = (char *) tmpbuf;
1336 else if (ckWARN4_d(WARN_UTF8, WARN_SURROGATE, WARN_NON_UNICODE, WARN_NONCHAR)) {
1337 (void) check_utf8_print((const U8*) tmps, len);
1339 } /* else stream isn't utf8 */
1340 else if (DO_UTF8(sv)) { /* But if is utf8 internally, attempt to
1342 STRLEN tmplen = len;
1344 U8 * const result = bytes_from_utf8((const U8*) tmps, &tmplen, &utf8);
1347 /* Here, succeeded in downgrading from utf8. Set up to below
1348 * output the converted value */
1350 tmps = (char *) tmpbuf;
1353 else { /* Non-utf8 output stream, but string only representable in
1355 assert((char *)result == tmps);
1356 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8),
1357 "Wide character in %s",
1358 PL_op ? OP_DESC(PL_op) : "print"
1360 /* Could also check that isn't one of the things to avoid
1361 * in utf8 by using check_utf8_print(), but not doing so,
1362 * since the stream isn't a UTF8 stream */
1365 /* To detect whether the process is about to overstep its
1366 * filesize limit we would need getrlimit(). We could then
1367 * also transparently raise the limit with setrlimit() --
1368 * but only until the system hard limit/the filesystem limit,
1369 * at which we would get EPERM. Note that when using buffered
1370 * io the write failure can be delayed until the flush/close. --jhi */
1371 if (len && (PerlIO_write(fp,tmps,len) == 0))
1374 return happy ? !PerlIO_error(fp) : FALSE;
1379 Perl_my_stat_flags(pTHX_ const U32 flags)
1386 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1390 return PL_laststatval;
1393 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1394 PL_statgv = gv ? gv : (GV *)io;
1395 sv_setpvs(PL_statname, "");
1398 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(io));
1400 /* E.g. PerlIO::scalar has no real fd. */
1401 return (PL_laststatval = -1);
1403 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(fd, &PL_statcache));
1405 } else if (IoDIRP(io)) {
1406 return (PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_fstat(my_dirfd(IoDIRP(io)), &PL_statcache));
1409 PL_laststatval = -1;
1413 else if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpFT_STACKED|OPpFT_AFTER_t))
1415 return PL_laststatval;
1417 SV* const sv = TOPs;
1420 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV_flags(sv,flags))) {
1423 else if (SvROK(sv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVIO) {
1424 io = MUTABLE_IO(SvRV(sv));
1426 goto do_fstat_have_io;
1429 s = SvPV_flags_const(sv, len, flags);
1431 sv_setpvn(PL_statname, s, len);
1432 s = SvPVX_const(PL_statname); /* s now NUL-terminated */
1433 PL_laststype = OP_STAT;
1434 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_stat(s, &PL_statcache);
1435 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && should_warn_nl(s)) {
1436 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
1437 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "stat");
1440 return PL_laststatval;
1446 Perl_my_lstat_flags(pTHX_ const U32 flags)
1449 static const char* const no_prev_lstat = "The stat preceding -l _ wasn't an lstat";
1452 SV* const sv = TOPs;
1454 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
1455 if (cGVOP_gv == PL_defgv) {
1456 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1457 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", no_prev_lstat);
1458 return PL_laststatval;
1460 PL_laststatval = -1;
1461 if (ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
1462 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1463 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1464 "Use of -l on filehandle %"HEKf,
1465 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK(cGVOP_gv)));
1469 if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpFT_STACKED|OPpFT_AFTER_t))
1471 if (PL_laststype != OP_LSTAT)
1472 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", no_prev_lstat);
1473 return PL_laststatval;
1476 PL_laststype = OP_LSTAT;
1478 if ( ( (SvROK(sv) && ( isGV_with_GP(SvRV(sv))
1479 || (isio = SvTYPE(SvRV(sv)) == SVt_PVIO) )
1483 && ckWARN(WARN_IO)) {
1485 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1486 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1487 "Use of -l on filehandle");
1489 /* diag_listed_as: Use of -l on filehandle%s */
1490 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_IO),
1491 "Use of -l on filehandle %"HEKf,
1492 HEKfARG(GvENAME_HEK((const GV *)
1493 (SvROK(sv) ? SvRV(sv) : sv))));
1495 file = SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, flags);
1496 sv_setpv(PL_statname,file);
1497 PL_laststatval = PerlLIO_lstat(file,&PL_statcache);
1498 if (PL_laststatval < 0 && ckWARN(WARN_NEWLINE) && should_warn_nl(file)) {
1499 GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-nonliteral); /* PL_warn_nl is constant */
1500 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NEWLINE), PL_warn_nl, "lstat");
1503 return PL_laststatval;
1507 S_exec_failed(pTHX_ const char *cmd, int fd, int do_report)
1509 const int e = errno;
1510 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EXEC_FAILED;
1511 if (ckWARN(WARN_EXEC))
1512 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_EXEC), "Can't exec \"%s\": %s",
1515 /* XXX silently ignore failures */
1516 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(PerlLIO_write(fd, (void*)&e, sizeof(int)));
1522 Perl_do_aexec5(pTHX_ SV *really, SV **mark, SV **sp,
1523 int fd, int do_report)
1526 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_AEXEC5;
1527 #if defined(__SYMBIAN32__) || defined(__LIBCATAMOUNT__)
1528 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system");
1532 const char *tmps = NULL;
1533 Newx(PL_Argv, sp - mark + 1, const char*);
1536 while (++mark <= sp) {
1538 *a++ = SvPV_nolen_const(*mark);
1544 tmps = SvPV_nolen_const(really);
1545 if ((!really && *PL_Argv[0] != '/') ||
1546 (really && *tmps != '/')) /* will execvp use PATH? */
1547 TAINT_ENV(); /* testing IFS here is overkill, probably */
1549 if (really && *tmps)
1550 PerlProc_execvp(tmps,EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1552 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1554 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ (really ? tmps : PL_Argv[0]), fd, do_report);
1562 Perl_do_execfree(pTHX)
1571 #ifdef PERL_DEFAULT_DO_EXEC3_IMPLEMENTATION
1574 Perl_do_exec3(pTHX_ const char *incmd, int fd, int do_report)
1581 /* Make a copy so we can change it */
1582 const Size_t cmdlen = strlen(incmd) + 1;
1584 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_EXEC3;
1586 Newx(buf, cmdlen, char);
1588 memcpy(cmd, incmd, cmdlen);
1590 while (*cmd && isSPACE(*cmd))
1593 /* save an extra exec if possible */
1597 char flags[PERL_FLAGS_MAX];
1598 if (strnEQ(cmd,PL_cshname,PL_cshlen) &&
1599 strnEQ(cmd+PL_cshlen," -c",3)) {
1600 my_strlcpy(flags, "-c", PERL_FLAGS_MAX);
1601 s = cmd+PL_cshlen+3;
1604 my_strlcat(flags, "f", PERL_FLAGS_MAX - 2);
1609 char * const ncmd = s;
1615 if (s[-1] == '\'') {
1618 PerlProc_execl(PL_cshname, "csh", flags, ncmd, (char*)NULL);
1621 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_cshname, fd, do_report);
1630 /* see if there are shell metacharacters in it */
1632 if (*cmd == '.' && isSPACE(cmd[1]))
1635 if (strnEQ(cmd,"exec",4) && isSPACE(cmd[4]))
1639 while (isWORDCHAR(*s))
1640 s++; /* catch VAR=val gizmo */
1644 for (s = cmd; *s; s++) {
1645 if (*s != ' ' && !isALPHA(*s) &&
1646 strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`\n",*s)) {
1647 if (*s == '\n' && !s[1]) {
1651 /* handle the 2>&1 construct at the end */
1652 if (*s == '>' && s[1] == '&' && s[2] == '1'
1653 && s > cmd + 1 && s[-1] == '2' && isSPACE(s[-2])
1654 && (!s[3] || isSPACE(s[3])))
1656 const char *t = s + 3;
1658 while (*t && isSPACE(*t))
1660 if (!*t && (PerlLIO_dup2(1,2) != -1)) {
1667 PerlProc_execl(PL_sh_path, "sh", "-c", cmd, (char *)NULL);
1669 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_sh_path, fd, do_report);
1675 Newx(PL_Argv, (s - cmd) / 2 + 2, const char*);
1676 PL_Cmd = savepvn(cmd, s-cmd);
1678 for (s = PL_Cmd; *s;) {
1683 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s))
1691 PerlProc_execvp(PL_Argv[0],EXEC_ARGV_CAST(PL_Argv));
1693 if (errno == ENOEXEC) { /* for system V NIH syndrome */
1697 S_exec_failed(aTHX_ PL_Argv[0], fd, do_report);
1704 #endif /* OS2 || WIN32 */
1707 #include <starlet.h> /* for sys$delprc */
1711 Perl_apply(pTHX_ I32 type, SV **mark, SV **sp)
1716 const char *const what = PL_op_name[type];
1719 SV ** const oldmark = mark;
1720 bool killgp = FALSE;
1722 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY;
1724 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(what); /* may not be used depending on compile options */
1726 /* Doing this ahead of the switch statement preserves the old behaviour,
1727 where attempting to use kill as a taint test test would fail on
1728 platforms where kill was not defined. */
1730 if (type == OP_KILL)
1731 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, what);
1734 if (type == OP_CHOWN)
1735 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, what);
1739 #define APPLY_TAINT_PROPER() \
1741 if (TAINT_get) { TAINT_PROPER(what); } \
1744 /* This is a first heuristic; it doesn't catch tainting magic. */
1746 while (++mark <= sp) {
1747 if (SvTAINTED(*mark)) {
1756 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1759 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1761 while (++mark <= sp) {
1763 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1764 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1766 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1767 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1769 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1771 } else if (fchmod(fd, val))
1774 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "fchmod");
1782 const char *name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
1783 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1784 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "chmod") ||
1785 PerlLIO_chmod(name, val)) {
1794 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1795 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1797 val = SvIVx(*++mark);
1798 val2 = SvIVx(*++mark);
1799 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1801 while (++mark <= sp) {
1803 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1804 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
1806 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
1807 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1809 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
1811 } else if (fchown(fd, val, val2))
1814 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "fchown");
1822 const char *name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
1823 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1824 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "chown") ||
1825 PerlLIO_chown(name, val, val2)) {
1834 XXX Should we make lchown() directly available from perl?
1835 For now, we'll let Configure test for HAS_LCHOWN, but do
1836 nothing in the core.
1841 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1844 s = SvPVx_const(*++mark, len);
1845 if (*s == '-' && isALPHA(s[1]))
1852 if (*s == 'S' && s[1] == 'I' && s[2] == 'G') {
1856 if ((val = whichsig_pvn(s, len)) < 0)
1857 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized signal name \"%"SVf"\"", SVfARG(*mark));
1868 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1871 /* kill() doesn't do process groups (job trees?) under VMS */
1872 if (val == SIGKILL) {
1873 /* Use native sys$delprc() to insure that target process is
1874 * deleted; supervisor-mode images don't pay attention to
1875 * CRTL's emulation of Unix-style signals and kill()
1877 while (++mark <= sp) {
1879 unsigned long int __vmssts;
1881 if (!(SvIOK(*mark) || SvNOK(*mark) || looks_like_number(*mark)))
1882 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't kill a non-numeric process ID");
1883 proc = SvIV_nomg(*mark);
1884 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1885 if (!((__vmssts = sys$delprc(&proc,0)) & 1)) {
1889 case SS$_NOSUCHNODE:
1890 SETERRNO(ESRCH,__vmssts);
1893 SETERRNO(EPERM,__vmssts);
1896 SETERRNO(EVMSERR,__vmssts);
1904 while (++mark <= sp) {
1907 if (!(SvNIOK(*mark) || looks_like_number(*mark)))
1908 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't kill a non-numeric process ID");
1909 proc = SvIV_nomg(*mark);
1910 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1912 /* use killpg in preference, as the killpg() wrapper for Win32
1913 * understands process groups, but the kill() wrapper doesn't */
1914 if (killgp ? PerlProc_killpg(proc, val)
1915 : PerlProc_kill(proc, val))
1917 if (PerlProc_kill(killgp ? -proc: proc, val))
1925 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1927 while (++mark <= sp) {
1928 s = SvPV_const(*mark, len);
1929 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1930 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(s, len, "unlink")) {
1933 else if (PL_unsafe) {
1937 else { /* don't let root wipe out directories without -U */
1938 if (PerlLIO_lstat(s,&PL_statbuf) < 0)
1940 else if (S_ISDIR(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
1942 SETERRNO(EISDIR, SS_NOPRIV);
1951 #if defined(HAS_UTIME) || defined(HAS_FUTIMES)
1953 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1954 if (sp - mark > 2) {
1955 #if defined(HAS_FUTIMES)
1956 struct timeval utbuf[2];
1957 void *utbufp = utbuf;
1958 #elif defined(I_UTIME) || defined(VMS)
1959 struct utimbuf utbuf;
1960 struct utimbuf *utbufp = &utbuf;
1966 void *utbufp = &utbuf;
1969 SV* const accessed = *++mark;
1970 SV* const modified = *++mark;
1972 /* Be like C, and if both times are undefined, let the C
1973 * library figure out what to do. This usually means
1974 * "current time". */
1976 if ( accessed == &PL_sv_undef && modified == &PL_sv_undef )
1979 Zero(&utbuf, sizeof utbuf, char);
1981 utbuf[0].tv_sec = (long)SvIV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1982 utbuf[0].tv_usec = 0;
1983 utbuf[1].tv_sec = (long)SvIV(modified); /* time modified */
1984 utbuf[1].tv_usec = 0;
1985 #elif defined(BIG_TIME)
1986 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvNV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1987 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvNV(modified); /* time modified */
1989 utbuf.actime = (Time_t)SvIV(accessed); /* time accessed */
1990 utbuf.modtime = (Time_t)SvIV(modified); /* time modified */
1993 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
1995 while (++mark <= sp) {
1997 if ((gv = MAYBE_DEREF_GV(*mark))) {
1998 if (GvIO(gv) && IoIFP(GvIOp(gv))) {
2000 int fd = PerlIO_fileno(IoIFP(GvIOn(gv)));
2001 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
2003 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
2005 } else if (futimes(fd, (struct timeval *) utbufp))
2008 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_func, "futimes");
2016 const char * const name = SvPV_nomg_const(*mark, len);
2017 APPLY_TAINT_PROPER();
2018 if (!IS_SAFE_PATHNAME(name, len, "utime")) {
2023 if (utimes(name, (struct timeval *)utbufp))
2025 if (PerlLIO_utime(name, utbufp))
2039 #undef APPLY_TAINT_PROPER
2042 /* Do the permissions allow some operation? Assumes statcache already set. */
2043 #ifndef VMS /* VMS' cando is in vms.c */
2045 Perl_cando(pTHX_ Mode_t mode, bool effective, const Stat_t *statbufp)
2046 /* effective is a flag, true for EUID, or for checking if the effective gid
2047 * is in the list of groups returned from getgroups().
2052 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CANDO;
2053 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2056 /* [Comments and code from Len Reed]
2057 * MS-DOS "user" is similar to UNIX's "superuser," but can't write
2058 * to write-protected files. The execute permission bit is set
2059 * by the Microsoft C library stat() function for the following:
2064 * All files and directories are readable.
2065 * Directories and special files, e.g. "CON", cannot be
2067 * [Comment by Tom Dinger -- a directory can have the write-protect
2068 * bit set in the file system, but DOS permits changes to
2069 * the directory anyway. In addition, all bets are off
2070 * here for networked software, such as Novell and
2074 /* Atari stat() does pretty much the same thing. we set x_bit_set_in_stat
2075 * too so it will actually look into the files for magic numbers
2077 return (mode & statbufp->st_mode) ? TRUE : FALSE;
2079 #else /* ! DOSISH */
2081 if (ingroup(544,effective)) { /* member of Administrators */
2083 if ((effective ? PerlProc_geteuid() : PerlProc_getuid()) == 0) { /* root is special */
2085 if (mode == S_IXUSR) {
2086 if (statbufp->st_mode & 0111 || S_ISDIR(statbufp->st_mode))
2090 return TRUE; /* root reads and writes anything */
2093 if (statbufp->st_uid == (effective ? PerlProc_geteuid() : PerlProc_getuid()) ) {
2094 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode)
2095 return TRUE; /* ok as "user" */
2097 else if (ingroup(statbufp->st_gid,effective)) {
2098 if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 3)
2099 return TRUE; /* ok as "group" */
2101 else if (statbufp->st_mode & mode >> 6)
2102 return TRUE; /* ok as "other" */
2104 #endif /* ! DOSISH */
2109 S_ingroup(pTHX_ Gid_t testgid, bool effective)
2112 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
2113 /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS like Win32: getegid() etc. require the context. */
2114 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2116 if (testgid == (effective ? PerlProc_getegid() : PerlProc_getgid()))
2118 #ifdef HAS_GETGROUPS
2120 Groups_t *gary = NULL;
2124 anum = getgroups(0, gary);
2126 Newx(gary, anum, Groups_t);
2127 anum = getgroups(anum, gary);
2129 if (gary[anum] == testgid) {
2143 #if defined(HAS_MSG) || defined(HAS_SEM) || defined(HAS_SHM)
2146 Perl_do_ipcget(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2149 const key_t key = (key_t)SvNVx(*++mark);
2150 SV *nsv = optype == OP_MSGGET ? NULL : *++mark;
2151 const I32 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_IPCGET;
2154 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2161 return msgget(key, flags);
2165 return semget(key, (int) SvIV(nsv), flags);
2169 return shmget(key, (size_t) SvUV(nsv), flags);
2171 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
2173 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2174 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2177 return -1; /* should never happen */
2181 Perl_do_ipcctl(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2186 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2188 const I32 n = (optype == OP_SEMCTL) ? SvIVx(*++mark) : 0;
2190 const I32 cmd = SvIVx(*++mark);
2191 SV * const astr = *++mark;
2192 STRLEN infosize = 0;
2193 I32 getinfo = (cmd == IPC_STAT);
2195 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_IPCCTL;
2196 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2202 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2203 infosize = sizeof(struct msqid_ds);
2208 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2209 infosize = sizeof(struct shmid_ds);
2215 if (cmd == IPC_STAT || cmd == IPC_SET)
2216 infosize = sizeof(struct semid_ds);
2217 else if (cmd == GETALL || cmd == SETALL)
2219 struct semid_ds semds;
2221 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
2222 semun.buff = &semds;
2226 getinfo = (cmd == GETALL);
2227 if (Semctl(id, 0, IPC_STAT, semun) == -1)
2229 infosize = semds.sem_nsems * sizeof(short);
2230 /* "short" is technically wrong but much more portable
2231 than guessing about u_?short(_t)? */
2234 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2235 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2239 #if !defined(HAS_MSG) || !defined(HAS_SEM) || !defined(HAS_SHM)
2241 /* diag_listed_as: shm%s not implemented */
2242 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2250 SvPV_force_nolen(astr);
2251 a = SvGROW(astr, infosize+1);
2256 a = SvPV(astr, len);
2257 if (len != infosize)
2258 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad arg length for %s, is %lu, should be %ld",
2266 const IV i = SvIV(astr);
2267 a = INT2PTR(char *,i); /* ouch */
2274 ret = msgctl(id, cmd, (struct msqid_ds *)a);
2280 union semun unsemds;
2283 unsemds.val = PTR2nat(a);
2286 #ifdef EXTRA_F_IN_SEMUN_BUF
2287 unsemds.buff = (struct semid_ds *)a;
2289 unsemds.buf = (struct semid_ds *)a;
2292 ret = Semctl(id, n, cmd, unsemds);
2294 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2295 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s not implemented", PL_op_desc[optype]);
2302 ret = shmctl(id, cmd, (struct shmid_ds *)a);
2306 if (getinfo && ret >= 0) {
2307 SvCUR_set(astr, infosize);
2308 *SvEND(astr) = '\0';
2315 Perl_do_msgsnd(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2320 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2321 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2322 const I32 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2323 const char * const mbuf = SvPV_const(mstr, len);
2324 const I32 msize = len - sizeof(long);
2326 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_MSGSND;
2327 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2330 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Arg too short for msgsnd");
2332 return msgsnd(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, flags);
2334 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2335 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(mark);
2336 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2337 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgsnd not implemented");
2343 Perl_do_msgrcv(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2349 I32 msize, flags, ret;
2350 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2351 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2353 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_MSGRCV;
2354 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2356 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var --jhi */
2358 sv_setpvs(mstr, "");
2359 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2360 mtype = (long)SvIVx(*++mark);
2361 flags = SvIVx(*++mark);
2362 SvPV_force_nolen(mstr);
2363 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, sizeof(long)+msize+1);
2366 ret = msgrcv(id, (struct msgbuf *)mbuf, msize, mtype, flags);
2368 SvCUR_set(mstr, sizeof(long)+ret);
2369 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2370 /* who knows who has been playing with this message? */
2375 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2376 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(mark);
2377 /* diag_listed_as: msg%s not implemented */
2378 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "msgrcv not implemented");
2384 Perl_do_semop(pTHX_ SV **mark, SV **sp)
2389 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2390 SV * const opstr = *++mark;
2391 const char * const opbuf = SvPV_const(opstr, opsize);
2393 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SEMOP;
2394 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2396 if (opsize < 3 * SHORTSIZE
2397 || (opsize % (3 * SHORTSIZE))) {
2398 SETERRNO(EINVAL,LIB_INVARG);
2402 /* We can't assume that sizeof(struct sembuf) == 3 * sizeof(short). */
2404 const int nsops = opsize / (3 * sizeof (short));
2406 short * const ops = (short *) opbuf;
2408 struct sembuf *temps, *t;
2411 Newx (temps, nsops, struct sembuf);
2419 result = semop(id, temps, nsops);
2424 /* diag_listed_as: sem%s not implemented */
2425 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "semop not implemented");
2430 Perl_do_shmio(pTHX_ I32 optype, SV **mark, SV **sp)
2435 struct shmid_ds shmds;
2436 const I32 id = SvIVx(*++mark);
2437 SV * const mstr = *++mark;
2438 const I32 mpos = SvIVx(*++mark);
2439 const I32 msize = SvIVx(*++mark);
2441 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_SHMIO;
2442 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sp);
2445 if (shmctl(id, IPC_STAT, &shmds) == -1)
2447 if (mpos < 0 || msize < 0
2448 || (size_t)mpos + msize > (size_t)shmds.shm_segsz) {
2449 SETERRNO(EFAULT,SS_ACCVIO); /* can't do as caller requested */
2452 shm = (char *)shmat(id, NULL, (optype == OP_SHMREAD) ? SHM_RDONLY : 0);
2453 if (shm == (char *)-1) /* I hate System V IPC, I really do */
2455 if (optype == OP_SHMREAD) {
2457 /* suppress warning when reading into undef var (tchrist 3/Mar/00) */
2459 SvUPGRADE(mstr, SVt_PV);
2461 sv_setpvs(mstr, "");
2463 mbuf = SvGROW(mstr, (STRLEN)msize+1);
2465 Copy(shm + mpos, mbuf, msize, char);
2466 SvCUR_set(mstr, msize);
2467 *SvEND(mstr) = '\0';
2469 /* who knows who has been playing with this shared memory? */
2475 const char *mbuf = SvPV_const(mstr, len);
2476 const I32 n = ((I32)len > msize) ? msize : (I32)len;
2477 Copy(mbuf, shm + mpos, n, char);
2479 memzero(shm + mpos + n, msize - n);
2483 /* diag_listed_as: shm%s not implemented */
2484 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "shm I/O not implemented");
2489 #endif /* SYSV IPC */
2494 =for apidoc start_glob
2496 Function called by C<do_readline> to spawn a glob (or do the glob inside
2497 perl on VMS). This code used to be inline, but now perl uses C<File::Glob>
2498 this glob starter is only used by miniperl during the build process.
2499 Moving it away shrinks pp_hot.c; shrinking pp_hot.c helps speed perl up.
2505 Perl_start_glob (pTHX_ SV *tmpglob, IO *io)
2508 SV * const tmpcmd = newSV(0);
2511 const char *s = SvPV(tmpglob, len);
2513 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_START_GLOB;
2515 if (!IS_SAFE_SYSCALL(s, len, "pattern", "glob"))
2520 #ifdef VMS /* expand the wildcards right here, rather than opening a pipe, */
2521 /* since spawning off a process is a real performance hit */
2528 fp = Perl_vms_start_glob(aTHX_ tmpglob, io);
2533 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "for a in ");
2534 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2535 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "; do echo \"$a\\0\\c\"; done |");
2538 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "/dev/dosglob/"); /* File System Extension */
2539 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2541 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "perlglob ");
2542 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2543 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " |");
2548 sv_setpvn(tmpcmd, PL_cshname, PL_cshlen);
2549 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, " -cf 'set nonomatch; glob ");
2550 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2551 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "' 2>/dev/null |");
2553 sv_setpv(tmpcmd, "echo ");
2554 sv_catsv(tmpcmd, tmpglob);
2555 sv_catpv(tmpcmd, "|tr -s ' \t\f\r' '\\n\\n\\n\\n'|");
2557 #endif /* !DOSISH */
2559 GV * const envgv = gv_fetchpvs("ENV", 0, SVt_PVHV);
2560 SV ** const home = hv_fetchs(GvHV(envgv), "HOME", 0);
2561 SV ** const path = hv_fetchs(GvHV(envgv), "PATH", 0);
2562 if (home && *home) SvGETMAGIC(*home);
2563 if (path && *path) SvGETMAGIC(*path);
2564 save_hash(gv_fetchpvs("ENV", 0, SVt_PVHV));
2565 if (home && *home) SvSETMAGIC(*home);
2566 if (path && *path) SvSETMAGIC(*path);
2568 (void)do_open6(PL_last_in_gv, SvPVX_const(tmpcmd), SvCUR(tmpcmd),
2574 if (!fp && ckWARN(WARN_GLOB)) {
2575 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB), "glob failed (can't start child: %s)",
2584 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2586 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
2589 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: