madly.y

   1 /*    perly.y
   2  *
   3  *    Copyright (c) 1991-2002, 2003, 2004 Larry Wall
   4  *
   5  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
   6  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
   7  *
   8  */
   9
  10 /*
  11  * 'I see,' laughed Strider.  'I look foul and feel fair.  Is that it?
  12  * All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost.'
  13  */
  14
  15 /*  Make the parser re-entrant. */
  16
  17 /* FIXME for MAD - is the new mintro on while and until important?  */
  18 %pure_parser
  19
  20 %start prog
  21
  22 %union {
  23     I32 ival;
  24     char *pval;
  25     TOKEN* tkval;
  26     OP *opval;
  27     GV *gvval;
  28 }
  29
  30 %token <tkval> '{' '}' '[' ']' '-' '+' '$' '@' '%' '*'
  31
  32 %token <opval> WORD METHOD FUNCMETH THING PMFUNC PRIVATEREF
  33 %token <opval> FUNC0SUB UNIOPSUB LSTOPSUB
  34 %token <tkval> LABEL
  35 %token <tkval> FORMAT SUB ANONSUB PACKAGE USE
  36 %token <tkval> WHILE UNTIL IF UNLESS ELSE ELSIF CONTINUE FOR
  37 %token <tkval> GIVEN WHEN DEFAULT
  38 %token <tkval> LOOPEX DOTDOT
  39 %token <tkval> FUNC0 FUNC1 FUNC UNIOP LSTOP
  40 %token <tkval> RELOP EQOP MULOP ADDOP
  41 %token <tkval> DOLSHARP DO HASHBRACK NOAMP
  42 %token <tkval> LOCAL MY MYSUB REQUIRE
  43 %token <tkval> COLONATTR
  44
  45 %type <ival> prog progstart remember mremember savescope
  46 %type <ival>  startsub startanonsub startformsub
  47 /* FIXME for MAD - are these two ival? */
  48 %type <ival> mydefsv mintro
  49
  50 %type <tkval> '&' ';'
  51
  52 %type <opval> decl format subrout mysubrout package use peg
  53
  54 %type <opval> block mblock lineseq line loop cond else
  55 %type <opval> expr term subscripted scalar ary hsh arylen star amper sideff
  56 %type <opval> argexpr nexpr texpr iexpr mexpr mnexpr miexpr
  57 %type <opval> listexpr listexprcom indirob listop method
  58 %type <opval> formname subname proto subbody cont my_scalar
  59 %type <opval> subattrlist myattrlist myattrterm myterm
  60 %type <opval> termbinop termunop anonymous termdo
  61 %type <opval> switch case
  62 %type <tkval> label
  63
  64 %nonassoc <tkval> PREC_LOW
  65 %nonassoc LOOPEX
  66
  67 %left <tkval> OROP DOROP
  68 %left <tkval> ANDOP
  69 %right <tkval> NOTOP
  70 %nonassoc LSTOP LSTOPSUB
  71 %left <tkval> ','
  72 %right <tkval> ASSIGNOP
  73 %right <tkval> '?' ':'
  74 %nonassoc DOTDOT
  75 %left <tkval> OROR DORDOR
  76 %left <tkval> ANDAND
  77 %left <tkval> BITOROP
  78 %left <tkval> BITANDOP
  79 %nonassoc EQOP
  80 %nonassoc RELOP
  81 %nonassoc UNIOP UNIOPSUB
  82 %nonassoc REQUIRE
  83 %left <tkval> SHIFTOP
  84 %left ADDOP
  85 %left MULOP
  86 %left <tkval> MATCHOP
  87 %right <tkval> '!' '~' UMINUS REFGEN
  88 %right <tkval> POWOP
  89 %nonassoc <tkval> PREINC PREDEC POSTINC POSTDEC
  90 %left <tkval> ARROW
  91 %nonassoc <tkval> ')'
  92 %left <tkval> '('
  93 %left '[' '{'
  94
  95 %token <tkval> PEG
  96
  97 %% /* RULES */
  98
  99 /* The whole program */
 100 prog    :       progstart
 101         /*CONTINUED*/   lineseq
 102                         { $$ = $1; newPROG(block_end($1,$2)); }
 103         ;
 104
 105 /* An ordinary block */
 106 block   :       '{' remember lineseq '}'
 107                         { if (PL_copline > (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival)
 108                               PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 109                           $$ = block_end($2, $3);
 110                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 111                           token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
 112                         }
 113         ;
 114
 115 remember:       /* NULL */      /* start a full lexical scope */
 116                         { $$ = block_start(TRUE); }
 117         ;
 118
 119 mydefsv:        /* NULL */      /* lexicalize $_ */
 120                         { $$ = (I32) allocmy("$_"); }
 121         ;
 122
 123 progstart:
 124                 {
 125                     PL_expect = XSTATE; $$ = block_start(TRUE);
 126                 }
 127         ;
 128
 129
 130 mblock  :       '{' mremember lineseq '}'
 131                         { if (PL_copline > (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival)
 132                               PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 133                           $$ = block_end($2, $3);
 134                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 135                           token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
 136                         }
 137         ;
 138
 139 mremember:      /* NULL */      /* start a partial lexical scope */
 140                         { $$ = block_start(FALSE); }
 141         ;
 142
 143 savescope:      /* NULL */      /* remember stack pos in case of error */
 144                 { $$ = PL_savestack_ix; }
 145
 146 /* A collection of "lines" in the program */
 147 lineseq :       /* NULL */
 148                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 149         |       lineseq decl
 150 /*                      { $$ = $1 } */
 151                         { $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
 152                                 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$2); }
 153         |       lineseq savescope line
 154                         {   LEAVE_SCOPE($2);
 155                             $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
 156                                 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$3);
 157                             PL_pad_reset_pending = TRUE;
 158                             if ($1 && $3) PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; }
 159         ;
 160
 161 /* A "line" in the program */
 162 line    :       label cond
 163                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2);
 164                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
 165         |       loop    /* loops add their own labels */
 166         |       switch  /* ... and so do switches */
 167                         { $$ = $1; }
 168         |       label case
 169                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2); }
 170         |       label ';'
 171                         {
 172                           if (($1)->tk_lval.pval) {
 173                               $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, newOP(OP_NULL, 0));
 174                               token_getmad($1,$$,'L');
 175                               token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,';');
 176                           }
 177                           else {
 178                               $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 179                               PL_copline = NOLINE;
 180                               token_free($1);
 181                               token_getmad($2,$$,';');
 182                           }
 183                           PL_expect = XSTATE;
 184                         }
 185         |       label sideff ';'
 186                         { OP* op;
 187                           $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2);
 188                           PL_expect = XSTATE;
 189                           /* sideff might already have a nexstate */
 190                           op = ((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first;
 191                           if (op) {
 192                               while (op->op_sibling &&
 193                                  op->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE)
 194                                     op = op->op_sibling;
 195                               token_getmad($1,op,'L');
 196                               token_getmad($3,op,';');
 197                           }
 198                         }
 199         ;
 200
 201 /* An expression which may have a side-effect */
 202 sideff  :       error
 203                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 204         |       expr
 205                         { $$ = $1; }
 206         |       expr IF expr
 207                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $3, $1);
 208                           token_getmad($2,$$,'i');
 209                         }
 210         |       expr UNLESS expr
 211                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $3, $1);
 212                           token_getmad($2,$$,'i');
 213                         }
 214         |       expr WHILE expr
 215                         { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, scalar($3), $1);
 216                           token_getmad($2,$$,'w');
 217                         }
 218         |       expr UNTIL iexpr
 219                         { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, $3, $1);
 220                           token_getmad($2,$$,'w');
 221                         }
 222         |       expr FOR expr
 223                         { $$ = newFOROP(0, Nullch, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival,
 224                                         Nullop, $3, $1, Nullop);
 225                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first->op_sibling,'w');
 226                         }
 227         ;
 228
 229 /* else and elsif blocks */
 230 else    :       /* NULL */
 231                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 232         |       ELSE mblock
 233                         { ($2)->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; $$ = scope($2);
 234                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 235                         }
 236         |       ELSIF '(' mexpr ')' mblock else
 237                         { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 238                             $$ = newCONDOP(0, $3, scope($5), $6);
 239                             PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
 240                           token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
 241                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 242                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 243                         }
 244         ;
 245
 246 /* Real conditional expressions */
 247 cond    :       IF '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock else
 248                         { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 249                             $$ = block_end($3,
 250                                    newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
 251                           token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
 252                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 253                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 254                         }
 255         |       UNLESS '(' remember miexpr ')' mblock else
 256                         { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 257                             $$ = block_end($3,
 258                                    newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
 259                           token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
 260                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 261                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 262                         }
 263         ;
 264
 265 /* Cases for a switch statement */
 266 case    :       WHEN '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock
 267         { $$ = block_end($3,
 268                 newWHENOP($4, scope($6))); }
 269         |       DEFAULT block
 270         { $$ = newWHENOP(0, scope($2)); }
 271         ;
 272
 273 /* Continue blocks */
 274 cont    :       /* NULL */
 275                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 276         |       CONTINUE block
 277                         { $$ = scope($2);
 278                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 279                         }
 280         ;
 281
 282 /* Loops: while, until, for, and a bare block */
 283 loop    :       label WHILE '(' remember texpr ')' mintro mblock cont
 284                         { OP *innerop;
 285                           PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
 286                             $$ = block_end($4,
 287                                    newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 288                                      innerop = newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 289                                                 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $8, $9, $7)));
 290                           token_getmad($1,innerop,'L');
 291                           token_getmad($2,innerop,'W');
 292                           token_getmad($3,innerop,'(');
 293                           token_getmad($6,innerop,')');
 294                         }
 295
 296         |       label UNTIL '(' remember iexpr ')' mintro mblock cont
 297                         { OP *innerop;
 298                           PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
 299                             $$ = block_end($4,
 300                                    newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 301                                      newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 302                                                 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $8, $9, $7)));
 303                           token_getmad($1,innerop,'L');
 304                           token_getmad($2,innerop,'W');
 305                           token_getmad($3,innerop,'(');
 306                           token_getmad($6,innerop,')');
 307                         }
 308         |       label FOR MY remember my_scalar '(' mexpr ')' mblock cont
 309                         { OP *innerop;
 310                           $$ = block_end($4,
 311                              innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $7, $9, $10));
 312                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
 313                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
 314                           token_getmad($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'d');
 315                           token_getmad($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
 316                           token_getmad($8,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
 317                         }
 318         |       label FOR scalar '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
 319                         { OP *innerop;
 320                           $$ = block_end($5,
 321                              innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, mod($3, OP_ENTERLOOP),
 322                                           $6, $8, $9));
 323                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
 324                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
 325                           token_getmad($4,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
 326                           token_getmad($7,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
 327                         }
 328         |       label FOR '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
 329                         { OP *innerop;
 330                           $$ = block_end($4,
 331                              innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, Nullop, $5, $7, $8));
 332                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
 333                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
 334                           token_getmad($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
 335                           token_getmad($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
 336                         }
 337         |       label FOR '(' remember mnexpr ';' texpr ';' mintro mnexpr ')'
 338                     mblock
 339                         /* basically fake up an initialize-while lineseq */
 340                         { OP *forop;
 341                           PL_copline = (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival;
 342                           forop = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 343                                             newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 344                                                 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, scalar($7),
 345                                                 $12, $10, $9));
 346                           if (!$5)
 347                                 $5 = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 348                           forop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
 349                                 newSTATEOP(0,
 350                                            (($1)->tk_lval.pval
 351                                            ?savepv(($1)->tk_lval.pval):Nullch),
 352                                            $5),
 353                                 forop));
 354
 355                           token_getmad($2,forop,'3');
 356                           token_getmad($3,forop,'(');
 357                           token_getmad($6,forop,'1');
 358                           token_getmad($8,forop,'2');
 359                           token_getmad($11,forop,')');
 360                           token_getmad($1,forop,'L');
 361                           $$ = block_end($4, forop); }
 362         |       label block cont  /* a block is a loop that happens once */
 363                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 364                                  newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 365                                             NOLINE, Nullop, $2, $3, 0));
 366                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
 367         ;
 368
 369 /* Switch blocks */
 370 switch  :       label GIVEN '(' remember mydefsv mexpr ')' mblock
 371                         { PL_copline = (line_t) $2;
 372                             $$ = block_end($4,
 373                                 newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 374                                     newGIVENOP($6, scope($8),
 375                                         (PADOFFSET) $5) )); }
 376         ;
 377
 378 /* determine whether there are any new my declarations */
 379 mintro  :       /* NULL */
 380                         { $$ = (PL_min_intro_pending &&
 381                             PL_max_intro_pending >=  PL_min_intro_pending);
 382                           intro_my(); }
 383
 384 /* Normal expression */
 385 nexpr   :       /* NULL */
 386                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 387         |       sideff
 388         ;
 389
 390 /* Boolean expression */
 391 texpr   :       /* NULL means true */
 392                         { YYSTYPE tmplval;
 393                           (void)scan_num("1", &tmplval);
 394                           $$ = tmplval.opval; }
 395         |       expr
 396         ;
 397
 398 /* Inverted boolean expression */
 399 iexpr   :       expr
 400                         { $$ = invert(scalar($1)); }
 401         ;
 402
 403 /* Expression with its own lexical scope */
 404 mexpr   :       expr
 405                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
 406         ;
 407
 408 mnexpr  :       nexpr
 409                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
 410         ;
 411
 412 miexpr  :       iexpr
 413                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
 414         ;
 415
 416 /* Optional "MAIN:"-style loop labels */
 417 label   :       /* empty */
 418                         { YYSTYPE tmplval;
 419                           tmplval.pval = Nullch;
 420                           $$ = newTOKEN(OP_NULL, tmplval, 0); }
 421         |       LABEL
 422         ;
 423
 424 /* Some kind of declaration - just hang on peg in the parse tree */
 425 decl    :       format
 426                         { $$ = $1; }
 427         |       subrout
 428                         { $$ = $1; }
 429         |       mysubrout
 430                         { $$ = $1; }
 431         |       package
 432                         { $$ = $1; }
 433         |       use
 434                         { $$ = $1; }
 435         |       peg
 436                         { $$ = $1; }
 437         ;
 438
 439 peg     :       PEG
 440                         { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
 441                           token_getmad($1,$$,'p');
 442                         }
 443         ;
 444
 445 format  :       FORMAT startformsub formname block
 446                         { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
 447                           $$ = newFORM($2, $3, $4);
 448                           prepend_madprops($1->tk_mad, $$, 'F');
 449                           $1->tk_mad = 0;
 450                           token_free($1);
 451                         }
 452         ;
 453
 454 formname:       WORD            { $$ = $1; }
 455         |       /* NULL */      { $$ = Nullop; }
 456         ;
 457
 458 /* Unimplemented "my sub foo { }" */
 459 mysubrout:      MYSUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
 460                         { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
 461                           $$ = newMYSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
 462                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
 463                         }
 464         ;
 465
 466 /* Subroutine definition */
 467 subrout :       SUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
 468                         { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
 469                           OP* o = newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
 470                             (SV*)newATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6));
 471                           $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
 472                           op_getmad(o,$$,'&');
 473                           op_getmad($3,$$,'n');
 474                           op_getmad($4,$$,'s');
 475                           op_getmad($5,$$,'a');
 476                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
 477                           append_madprops($6->op_madprop, $$, 0);
 478                           $6->op_madprop = 0;
 479                         }
 480         ;
 481
 482 startsub:       /* NULL */      /* start a regular subroutine scope */
 483                         { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, 0);
 484                             SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
 485
 486         ;
 487
 488 startanonsub:   /* NULL */      /* start an anonymous subroutine scope */
 489                         { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, CVf_ANON);
 490                             SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
 491         ;
 492
 493 startformsub:   /* NULL */      /* start a format subroutine scope */
 494                         { $$ = start_subparse(TRUE, 0);
 495                             SAVEFREESV(PL_compcv); }
 496         ;
 497
 498 /* Name of a subroutine - must be a bareword, could be special */
 499 subname :       WORD    { const char *const name = SvPV_nolen_const(((SVOP*)$1)->op_sv);
 500                           if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN") || strEQ(name, "END")
 501                               || strEQ(name, "INIT") || strEQ(name, "CHECK"))
 502                               CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv);
 503                           $$ = $1; }
 504         ;
 505
 506 /* Subroutine prototype */
 507 proto   :       /* NULL */
 508                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 509         |       THING
 510         ;
 511
 512 /* Optional list of subroutine attributes */
 513 subattrlist:    /* NULL */
 514                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 515         |       COLONATTR THING
 516                         { $$ = $2;
 517                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 518                         }
 519         |       COLONATTR
 520                         { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 521                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 522                         }
 523         ;
 524
 525 /* List of attributes for a "my" variable declaration */
 526 myattrlist:     COLONATTR THING
 527                         { $$ = $2;
 528                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 529                         }
 530         |       COLONATTR
 531                         { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 532                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 533                         }
 534         ;
 535
 536 /* Subroutine body - either null or a block */
 537 subbody :       block   { $$ = $1; }
 538         |       ';'     { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0); PL_expect = XSTATE;
 539                           token_getmad($1,$$,';');
 540                         }
 541         ;
 542
 543 package :       PACKAGE WORD ';'
 544                         { $$ = package($2);
 545                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 546                           token_getmad($3,$$,';');
 547                         }
 548         ;
 549
 550 use     :       USE startsub
 551                         { CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv); /* It's a BEGIN {} */ }
 552                     WORD WORD listexpr ';'
 553                         { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
 554                           $$ = utilize(($1)->tk_lval.ival, $2, $4, $5, $6);
 555                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 556                           token_getmad($7,$$,';');
 557                           if (PL_rsfp_filters && AvFILLp(PL_rsfp_filters) >= 0)
 558                               append_madprops(newMADPROP('!', MAD_PV, "", 0), $$, 0);
 559                         }
 560         ;
 561
 562 /* Ordinary expressions; logical combinations */
 563 expr    :       expr ANDOP expr
 564                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
 565                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 566                         }
 567         |       expr OROP expr
 568                         { $$ = newLOGOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $1, $3);
 569                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 570                         }
 571         |       expr DOROP expr
 572                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
 573                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 574                         }
 575         |       argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
 576         ;
 577
 578 /* Expressions are a list of terms joined by commas */
 579 argexpr :       argexpr ','
 580                         { OP* op = newNULLLIST();
 581                           token_getmad($2,op,',');
 582                           $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
 583                         }
 584         |       argexpr ',' term
 585                         {
 586                           $3 = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $3);
 587                           token_getmad($2,$3,',');
 588                           $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, $3);
 589                         }
 590         |       term %prec PREC_LOW
 591         ;
 592
 593 /* List operators */
 594 listop  :       LSTOP indirob argexpr          /* print $fh @args */
 595                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_STACKED,
 596                                 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2), $3) );
 597                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 598                         }
 599         |       FUNC '(' indirob expr ')'      /* print ($fh @args */
 600                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_STACKED,
 601                                 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$3), $4) );
 602                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 603                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 604                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 605                         }
 606         |       term ARROW method '(' listexprcom ')' /* $foo->bar(list) */
 607                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 608                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
 609                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1), $5),
 610                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
 611                           token_getmad($2,$$,'A');
 612                           token_getmad($4,$$,'(');
 613                           token_getmad($6,$$,')');
 614                         }
 615         |       term ARROW method                     /* $foo->bar */
 616                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 617                                 append_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1),
 618                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
 619                           token_getmad($2,$$,'A');
 620                         }
 621         |       METHOD indirob listexpr              /* new Class @args */
 622                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 623                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
 624                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $3),
 625                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
 626                         }
 627         |       FUNCMETH indirob '(' listexprcom ')' /* method $object (@args) */
 628                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 629                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
 630                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $4),
 631                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
 632                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 633                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 634                         }
 635         |       LSTOP listexpr                       /* print @args */
 636                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
 637                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 638                         }
 639         |       FUNC '(' listexprcom ')'             /* print (@args) */
 640                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $3);
 641                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 642                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 643                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 644                         }
 645         |       LSTOPSUB startanonsub block          /* map { foo } ... */
 646                         { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
 647                           $3 = newANONATTRSUB($2, 0, Nullop, $3); }
 648                     listexpr            %prec LSTOP  /* ... @bar */
 649                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 650                                  append_elem(OP_LIST,
 651                                    prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $3, $5), $1));
 652                         }
 653         ;
 654
 655 /* Names of methods. May use $object->$methodname */
 656 method  :       METHOD
 657         |       scalar
 658         ;
 659
 660 /* Some kind of subscripted expression */
 661 subscripted:    star '{' expr ';' '}'        /* *main::{something} */
 662                         /* In this and all the hash accessors, ';' is
 663                          * provided by the tokeniser */
 664                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_GELEM, 0, $1, scalar($3));
 665                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 666                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
 667                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
 668                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
 669                         }
 670         |       scalar '[' expr ']'          /* $array[$element] */
 671                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0, oopsAV($1), scalar($3));
 672                           token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
 673                           token_getmad($4,$$,']');
 674                         }
 675         |       term ARROW '[' expr ']'      /* somearef->[$element] */
 676                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
 677                                         ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
 678                                         scalar($4));
 679                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 680                           token_getmad($3,$$,'[');
 681                           token_getmad($5,$$,']');
 682                         }
 683         |       subscripted '[' expr ']'    /* $foo->[$bar]->[$baz] */
 684                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
 685                                         ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
 686                                         scalar($3));
 687                           token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
 688                           token_getmad($4,$$,']');
 689                         }
 690         |       scalar '{' expr ';' '}'    /* $foo->{bar();} */
 691                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0, oopsHV($1), jmaybe($3));
 692                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 693                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
 694                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
 695                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
 696                         }
 697         |       term ARROW '{' expr ';' '}' /* somehref->{bar();} */
 698                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
 699                                         ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
 700                                         jmaybe($4));
 701                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 702                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 703                           token_getmad($3,$$,'{');
 704                           token_getmad($5,$$,';');
 705                           token_getmad($6,$$,'}');
 706                         }
 707         |       subscripted '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->[bar]->{baz;} */
 708                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
 709                                         ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
 710                                         jmaybe($3));
 711                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 712                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
 713                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
 714                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
 715                         }
 716         |       term ARROW '(' ')'          /* $subref->() */
 717                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 718                                    newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
 719                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 720                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 721                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 722                         }
 723         |       term ARROW '(' expr ')'     /* $subref->(@args) */
 724                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 725                                    append_elem(OP_LIST, $4,
 726                                        newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
 727                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 728                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 729                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 730                         }
 731
 732         |       subscripted '(' expr ')'   /* $foo->{bar}->(@args) */
 733                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 734                                    append_elem(OP_LIST, $3,
 735                                                newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
 736                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 737                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 738                         }
 739         |       subscripted '(' ')'        /* $foo->{bar}->() */
 740                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 741                                    newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
 742                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 743                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
 744                         }
 745         |       '(' expr ')' '[' expr ']'            /* list slice */
 746                         { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $5, $2);
 747                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 748                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
 749                           token_getmad($4,$$,'[');
 750                           token_getmad($6,$$,']');
 751                         }
 752         |       '(' ')' '[' expr ']'                 /* empty list slice! */
 753                         { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $4, Nullop);
 754                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 755                           token_getmad($2,$$,')');
 756                           token_getmad($3,$$,'[');
 757                           token_getmad($5,$$,']');
 758                         }
 759     ;
 760
 761 /* Binary operators between terms */
 762 termbinop:      term ASSIGNOP term             /* $x = $y */
 763                         { $$ = newASSIGNOP(OPf_STACKED, $1, ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $3);
 764                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 765                         }
 766         |       term POWOP term                        /* $x ** $y */
 767                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 768                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 769                         }
 770         |       term MULOP term                        /* $x * $y, $x x $y */
 771                         {   if (($2)->tk_lval.ival != OP_REPEAT)
 772                                 scalar($1);
 773                             $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $1, scalar($3));
 774                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 775                         }
 776         |       term ADDOP term                        /* $x + $y */
 777                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 778                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 779                         }
 780         |       term SHIFTOP term                      /* $x >> $y, $x << $y */
 781                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 782                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 783                         }
 784         |       term RELOP term                        /* $x > $y, etc. */
 785                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 786                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 787                         }
 788         |       term EQOP term                         /* $x == $y, $x eq $y */
 789                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 790                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 791                         }
 792         |       term BITANDOP term                     /* $x & $y */
 793                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 794                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 795                         }
 796         |       term BITOROP term                      /* $x | $y */
 797                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 798                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 799                         }
 800         |       term DOTDOT term                       /* $x..$y, $x...$y */
 801                         { UNOP *op;
 802                           $$ = newRANGE(($2)->tk_lval.ival, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 803                           op = (UNOP*)$$;
 804                           op = (UNOP*)op->op_first;     /* get to flop */
 805                           op = (UNOP*)op->op_first;     /* get to flip */
 806                           op = (UNOP*)op->op_first;     /* get to range */
 807                           token_getmad($2,(OP*)op,'o');
 808                         }
 809         |       term ANDAND term                       /* $x && $y */
 810                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
 811                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 812                         }
 813         |       term OROR term                         /* $x || $y */
 814                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $1, $3);
 815                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 816                         }
 817         |       term DORDOR term                       /* $x // $y */
 818                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
 819                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 820                         }
 821         |       term MATCHOP term                      /* $x =~ /$y/ */
 822                         { $$ = bind_match(($2)->tk_lval.ival, $1, $3);
 823                           if ($$->op_type == OP_NOT)
 824                               token_getmad($2,((UNOP*)$$)->op_first,'~');
 825                             else
 826                               token_getmad($2,$$,'~');
 827                         }
 828     ;
 829
 830 /* Unary operators and terms */
 831 termunop : '-' term %prec UMINUS                       /* -$x */
 832                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NEGATE, 0, scalar($2));
 833                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 834                         }
 835         |       '+' term %prec UMINUS                  /* +$x */
 836                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $2);
 837                           token_getmad($1,$$,'+');
 838                         }
 839         |       '!' term                               /* !$x */
 840                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
 841                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 842                         }
 843         |       '~' term                               /* ~$x */
 844                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_COMPLEMENT, 0, scalar($2));
 845                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 846                         }
 847         |       term POSTINC                           /* $x++ */
 848                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTINC, 0,
 849                                         mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTINC));
 850                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 851                         }
 852         |       term POSTDEC                           /* $x-- */
 853                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTDEC, 0,
 854                                         mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTDEC));
 855                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 856                         }
 857         |       PREINC term                            /* ++$x */
 858                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREINC, 0,
 859                                         mod(scalar($2), OP_PREINC));
 860                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 861                         }
 862         |       PREDEC term                            /* --$x */
 863                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREDEC, 0,
 864                                         mod(scalar($2), OP_PREDEC));
 865                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 866                         }
 867
 868     ;
 869
 870 /* Constructors for anonymous data */
 871 anonymous:      '[' expr ']'
 872                         { $$ = newANONLIST($2);
 873                           token_getmad($1,$$,'[');
 874                           token_getmad($3,$$,']');
 875                         }
 876         |       '[' ']'
 877                         { $$ = newANONLIST(Nullop);
 878                           token_getmad($1,$$,'[');
 879                           token_getmad($2,$$,']');
 880                         }
 881         |       HASHBRACK expr ';' '}'  %prec '(' /* { foo => "Bar" } */
 882                         { $$ = newANONHASH($2);
 883                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 884                           token_getmad($3,$$,';');
 885                           token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
 886                         }
 887         |       HASHBRACK ';' '}'       %prec '(' /* { } (';' by tokener) */
 888                         { $$ = newANONHASH(Nullop);
 889                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 890                           token_getmad($2,$$,';');
 891                           token_getmad($3,$$,'}');
 892                         }
 893         |       ANONSUB startanonsub proto subattrlist block    %prec '('
 894                         { SvREFCNT_inc(PL_compcv);
 895                           $$ = newANONATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5);
 896                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 897                           op_getmad($3,$$,'s');
 898                           op_getmad($4,$$,'a');
 899                         }
 900
 901     ;
 902
 903 /* Things called with "do" */
 904 termdo  :       DO term %prec UNIOP                     /* do $filename */
 905                         { $$ = dofile($2, $1);
 906                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 907                         }
 908         |       DO block        %prec '('               /* do { code */
 909                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, scope($2));
 910                           token_getmad($1,$$,'D');
 911                         }
 912         |       DO WORD '(' ')'                         /* do somesub() */
 913                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
 914                             OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 915                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
 916                                 scalar(newCVREF(
 917                                     (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
 918                                     scalar($2)
 919                                 )),Nullop)); dep();
 920                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 921                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 922                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 923                         }
 924         |       DO WORD '(' expr ')'                    /* do somesub(@args) */
 925                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
 926                             OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 927                             append_elem(OP_LIST,
 928                                 $4,
 929                                 scalar(newCVREF(
 930                                     (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
 931                                     scalar($2)
 932                                 )))); dep();
 933                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 934                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 935                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 936                         }
 937         |       DO scalar '(' ')'                      /* do $subref () */
 938                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 939                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
 940                                 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))), Nullop)); dep();
 941                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 942                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 943                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 944                         }
 945         |       DO scalar '(' expr ')'                 /* do $subref (@args) */
 946                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 947                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
 948                                 $4,
 949                                 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))))); dep();
 950                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 951                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 952                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 953                         }
 954
 955         ;
 956
 957 term    :       termbinop
 958         |       termunop
 959         |       anonymous
 960         |       termdo
 961         |       term '?' term ':' term
 962                         { $$ = newCONDOP(0, $1, $3, $5);
 963                           token_getmad($2,$$,'?');
 964                           token_getmad($4,$$,':');
 965                         }
 966         |       REFGEN term                          /* \$x, \@y, \%z */
 967                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod($2,OP_REFGEN));
 968                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 969                         }
 970         |       myattrterm      %prec UNIOP
 971                         { $$ = $1; }
 972         |       LOCAL term      %prec UNIOP
 973                         { $$ = localize($2,($1)->tk_lval.ival);
 974                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
 975                         }
 976         |       '(' expr ')'
 977                         { $$ = sawparens(newUNOP(OP_NULL,0,$2));
 978                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 979                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
 980                         }
 981         |       '(' ')'
 982                         { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
 983                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 984                           token_getmad($2,$$,')');
 985                         }
 986         |       scalar  %prec '('
 987                         { $$ = $1; }
 988         |       star    %prec '('
 989                         { $$ = $1; }
 990         |       hsh     %prec '('
 991                         { $$ = $1; }
 992         |       ary     %prec '('
 993                         { $$ = $1; }
 994         |       arylen  %prec '('                    /* $#x, $#{ something } */
 995                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_AV2ARYLEN, 0, ref($1, OP_AV2ARYLEN));}
 996         |       subscripted
 997                         { $$ = $1; }
 998         |       ary '[' expr ']'                     /* array slice */
 999                         { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_ASLICE,
1000                                 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
1001                                     newLISTOP(OP_ASLICE, 0,
1002                                         list($3),
1003                                         ref($1, OP_ASLICE)));
1004                           token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
1005                           token_getmad($4,$$,']');
1006                         }
1007         |       ary '{' expr ';' '}'                 /* @hash{@keys} */
1008                         { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_HSLICE,
1009                                 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
1010                                     newLISTOP(OP_HSLICE, 0,
1011                                         list($3),
1012                                         ref(oopsHV($1), OP_HSLICE)));
1013                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
1014                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
1015                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
1016                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
1017                         }
1018         |       THING   %prec '('
1019                         { $$ = $1; }
1020         |       amper                                /* &foo; */
1021                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, 0, scalar($1)); }
1022         |       amper '(' ')'                        /* &foo() */
1023                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1));
1024                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1025                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1026                         }
1027         |       amper '(' expr ')'                   /* &foo(@args) */
1028                         { OP* op;
1029                           $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1030                                 append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($1)));
1031                           op = $$;
1032                           if (op->op_type == OP_CONST) { /* defeat const fold */
1033                             op = (OP*)op->op_madprop->mad_val;
1034                           }
1035                           token_getmad($2,op,'(');
1036                           token_getmad($4,op,')');
1037                         }
1038         |       NOAMP WORD listexpr                  /* foo(@args) */
1039                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1040                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($2)));
1041                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1042                         }
1043         |       LOOPEX  /* loop exiting command (goto, last, dump, etc) */
1044                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_SPECIAL);
1045                             PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1046                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1047                         }
1048         |       LOOPEX term
1049                         { $$ = newLOOPEX(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2);
1050                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1051                         }
1052         |       NOTOP argexpr                        /* not $foo */
1053                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
1054                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1055                         }
1056         |       UNIOP                                /* Unary op, $_ implied */
1057                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1058                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1059                         }
1060         |       UNIOP block                          /* eval { foo }, I *think* */
1061                         { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
1062                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1063                         }
1064         |       UNIOP term                           /* Unary op */
1065                         { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
1066                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1067                         }
1068         |       REQUIRE                              /* require, $_ implied *//* FIMXE for MAD needed? */
1069                         { $$ = newOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0); }
1070         |       REQUIRE term                         /* require Foo *//* FIMXE for MAD needed? */
1071                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0, $2); }
1072         |       UNIOPSUB term                        /* Sub treated as unop */
1073                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1074                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $2, scalar($1))); }
1075         |       FUNC0                                /* Nullary operator */
1076                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1077                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1078                         }
1079         |       FUNC0 '(' ')'
1080                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1081                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1082                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1083                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1084                         }
1085         |       FUNC0SUB                             /* Sub treated as nullop */
1086                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1087                                 scalar($1)); }
1088         |       FUNC1 '(' ')'                        /* not () */
1089                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_SPECIAL);
1090                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1091                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1092                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1093                         }
1094         |       FUNC1 '(' expr ')'                   /* not($foo) */
1095                         { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $3);
1096                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1097                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1098                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
1099                         }
1100         |       PMFUNC '(' argexpr ')'          /* m//, s///, tr/// */
1101                         { $$ = pmruntime($1, $3, 1);
1102                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1103                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
1104                         }
1105         |       WORD
1106         |       listop
1107         ;
1108
1109 /* "my" declarations, with optional attributes */
1110 myattrterm:     MY myterm myattrlist
1111                         { $$ = my_attrs($2,$3);
1112                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
1113                           append_madprops($3->op_madprop, $$, 'a');
1114                           $3->op_madprop = 0;
1115                         }
1116         |       MY myterm
1117                         { $$ = localize($2,($1)->tk_lval.ival);
1118                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
1119                         }
1120         ;
1121
1122 /* Things that can be "my"'d */
1123 myterm  :       '(' expr ')'
1124                         { $$ = sawparens($2);
1125                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
1126                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1127                         }
1128         |       '(' ')'
1129                         { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
1130                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
1131                           token_getmad($2,$$,')');
1132                         }
1133         |       scalar  %prec '('
1134                         { $$ = $1; }
1135         |       hsh     %prec '('
1136                         { $$ = $1; }
1137         |       ary     %prec '('
1138                         { $$ = $1; }
1139         ;
1140
1141 /* Basic list expressions */
1142 listexpr:       /* NULL */ %prec PREC_LOW
1143                         { $$ = Nullop; }
1144         |       argexpr    %prec PREC_LOW
1145                         { $$ = $1; }
1146         ;
1147
1148 listexprcom:    /* NULL */
1149                         { $$ = Nullop; }
1150         |       expr
1151                         { $$ = $1; }
1152         |       expr ','
1153                         { OP* op = newNULLLIST();
1154                           token_getmad($2,op,',');
1155                           $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
1156                         }
1157         ;
1158
1159 /* A little bit of trickery to make "for my $foo (@bar)" actually be
1160    lexical */
1161 my_scalar:      scalar
1162                         { PL_in_my = 0; $$ = my($1); }
1163         ;
1164
1165 amper   :       '&' indirob
1166                         { $$ = newCVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2);
1167                           token_getmad($1,$$,'&');
1168                         }
1169         ;
1170
1171 scalar  :       '$' indirob
1172                         { $$ = newSVREF($2);
1173                           token_getmad($1,$$,'$');
1174                         }
1175         ;
1176
1177 ary     :       '@' indirob
1178                         { $$ = newAVREF($2);
1179                           token_getmad($1,$$,'@');
1180                         }
1181         ;
1182
1183 hsh     :       '%' indirob
1184                         { $$ = newHVREF($2);
1185                           token_getmad($1,$$,'%');
1186                         }
1187         ;
1188
1189 arylen  :       DOLSHARP indirob
1190                         { $$ = newAVREF($2);
1191                           token_getmad($1,$$,'l');
1192                         }
1193         ;
1194
1195 star    :       '*' indirob
1196                         { $$ = newGVREF(0,$2);
1197                           token_getmad($1,$$,'*');
1198                         }
1199         ;
1200
1201 /* Indirect objects */
1202 indirob :       WORD
1203                         { $$ = scalar($1); }
1204         |       scalar %prec PREC_LOW
1205                         { $$ = scalar($1); }
1206         |       block
1207                         { $$ = scope($1); }
1208
1209         |       PRIVATEREF
1210                         { $$ = $1; }
1211         ;