3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "You see: Mr. Drogo, he married poor Miss Primula Brandybuck. She was
13 * our Mr. Bilbo's first cousin on the mother's side (her mother being the
14 * youngest of the Old Took's daughters); and Mr. Drogo was his second
15 * cousin. So Mr. Frodo is his first *and* second cousin, once removed
16 * either way, as the saying is, if you follow me." --the Gaffer
19 /* This file contains the functions that create, manipulate and optimize
20 * the OP structures that hold a compiled perl program.
22 * A Perl program is compiled into a tree of OPs. Each op contains
23 * structural pointers (eg to its siblings and the next op in the
24 * execution sequence), a pointer to the function that would execute the
25 * op, plus any data specific to that op. For example, an OP_CONST op
26 * points to the pp_const() function and to an SV containing the constant
27 * value. When pp_const() is executed, its job is to push that SV onto the
30 * OPs are mainly created by the newFOO() functions, which are mainly
31 * called from the parser (in perly.y) as the code is parsed. For example
32 * the Perl code $a + $b * $c would cause the equivalent of the following
33 * to be called (oversimplifying a bit):
35 * newBINOP(OP_ADD, flags,
37 * newBINOP(OP_MULTIPLY, flags, newSVREF($b), newSVREF($c))
40 * Note that during the build of miniperl, a temporary copy of this file
41 * is made, called opmini.c.
45 Perl's compiler is essentially a 3-pass compiler with interleaved phases:
49 An execution-order pass
51 The bottom-up pass is represented by all the "newOP" routines and
52 the ck_ routines. The bottom-upness is actually driven by yacc.
53 So at the point that a ck_ routine fires, we have no idea what the
54 context is, either upward in the syntax tree, or either forward or
55 backward in the execution order. (The bottom-up parser builds that
56 part of the execution order it knows about, but if you follow the "next"
57 links around, you'll find it's actually a closed loop through the
60 Whenever the bottom-up parser gets to a node that supplies context to
61 its components, it invokes that portion of the top-down pass that applies
62 to that part of the subtree (and marks the top node as processed, so
63 if a node further up supplies context, it doesn't have to take the
64 plunge again). As a particular subcase of this, as the new node is
65 built, it takes all the closed execution loops of its subcomponents
66 and links them into a new closed loop for the higher level node. But
67 it's still not the real execution order.
69 The actual execution order is not known till we get a grammar reduction
70 to a top-level unit like a subroutine or file that will be called by
71 "name" rather than via a "next" pointer. At that point, we can call
72 into peep() to do that code's portion of the 3rd pass. It has to be
73 recursive, but it's recursive on basic blocks, not on tree nodes.
76 /* To implement user lexical pragmas, there needs to be a way at run time to
77 get the compile time state of %^H for that block. Storing %^H in every
78 block (or even COP) would be very expensive, so a different approach is
79 taken. The (running) state of %^H is serialised into a tree of HE-like
80 structs. Stores into %^H are chained onto the current leaf as a struct
81 refcounted_he * with the key and the value. Deletes from %^H are saved
82 with a value of PL_sv_placeholder. The state of %^H at any point can be
83 turned back into a regular HV by walking back up the tree from that point's
84 leaf, ignoring any key you've already seen (placeholder or not), storing
85 the rest into the HV structure, then removing the placeholders. Hence
86 memory is only used to store the %^H deltas from the enclosing COP, rather
87 than the entire %^H on each COP.
89 To cause actions on %^H to write out the serialisation records, it has
90 magic type 'H'. This magic (itself) does nothing, but its presence causes
91 the values to gain magic type 'h', which has entries for set and clear.
92 C<Perl_magic_sethint> updates C<PL_compiling.cop_hints> with a store
93 record, with deletes written by C<Perl_magic_clearhint>. C<SAVE_HINTS>
94 saves the current C<PL_compiling.cop_hints> on the save stack, so that it
95 will be correctly restored when any inner compiling scope is exited.
101 #include "keywords.h"
103 #define CALL_PEEP(o) CALL_FPTR(PL_peepp)(aTHX_ o)
105 #if defined(PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC)
107 #ifndef PERL_SLAB_SIZE
108 #define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 2048
112 Perl_Slab_Alloc(pTHX_ int m, size_t sz)
115 * To make incrementing use count easy PL_OpSlab is an I32 *
116 * To make inserting the link to slab PL_OpPtr is I32 **
117 * So compute size in units of sizeof(I32 *) as that is how Pl_OpPtr increments
118 * Add an overhead for pointer to slab and round up as a number of pointers
120 sz = (sz + 2*sizeof(I32 *) -1)/sizeof(I32 *);
121 if ((PL_OpSpace -= sz) < 0) {
122 PL_OpPtr = (I32 **) PerlMemShared_malloc(PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*));
126 Zero(PL_OpPtr,PERL_SLAB_SIZE,I32 **);
127 /* We reserve the 0'th I32 sized chunk as a use count */
128 PL_OpSlab = (I32 *) PL_OpPtr;
129 /* Reduce size by the use count word, and by the size we need.
130 * Latter is to mimic the '-=' in the if() above
132 PL_OpSpace = PERL_SLAB_SIZE - (sizeof(I32)+sizeof(I32 **)-1)/sizeof(I32 **) - sz;
133 /* Allocation pointer starts at the top.
134 Theory: because we build leaves before trunk allocating at end
135 means that at run time access is cache friendly upward
137 PL_OpPtr += PERL_SLAB_SIZE;
139 assert( PL_OpSpace >= 0 );
140 /* Move the allocation pointer down */
142 assert( PL_OpPtr > (I32 **) PL_OpSlab );
143 *PL_OpPtr = PL_OpSlab; /* Note which slab it belongs to */
144 (*PL_OpSlab)++; /* Increment use count of slab */
145 assert( PL_OpPtr+sz <= ((I32 **) PL_OpSlab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
146 assert( *PL_OpSlab > 0 );
147 return (void *)(PL_OpPtr + 1);
151 Perl_Slab_Free(pTHX_ void *op)
153 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
154 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
155 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
156 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
158 if (--(*slab) == 0) {
160 # define PerlMemShared PerlMem
163 PerlMemShared_free(slab);
164 if (slab == PL_OpSlab) {
171 * In the following definition, the ", (OP*)0" is just to make the compiler
172 * think the expression is of the right type: croak actually does a Siglongjmp.
174 #define CHECKOP(type,o) \
175 ((PL_op_mask && PL_op_mask[type]) \
176 ? ( op_free((OP*)o), \
177 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%s' trapped by operation mask", PL_op_desc[type]), \
179 : CALL_FPTR(PL_check[type])(aTHX_ (OP*)o))
181 #define RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER (PERL_INT_MAX / 2)
184 S_gv_ename(pTHX_ GV *gv)
186 SV* const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
187 gv_efullname3(tmpsv, gv, NULL);
188 return SvPV_nolen_const(tmpsv);
192 S_no_fh_allowed(pTHX_ OP *o)
194 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Missing comma after first argument to %s function",
200 S_too_few_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
202 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Not enough arguments for %s", name));
207 S_too_many_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
209 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Too many arguments for %s", name));
214 S_bad_type(pTHX_ I32 n, const char *t, const char *name, const OP *kid)
216 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)",
217 (int)n, name, t, OP_DESC(kid)));
221 S_no_bareword_allowed(pTHX_ const OP *o)
224 return; /* various ok barewords are hidden in extra OP_NULL */
225 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
226 "Bareword \"%"SVf"\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
230 /* "register" allocation */
233 Perl_allocmy(pTHX_ char *name)
237 const bool is_our = (PL_in_my == KEY_our);
239 /* complain about "my $<special_var>" etc etc */
243 (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES && UTF8_IS_START(name[1])) ||
244 (name[1] == '_' && (*name == '$' || name[2]))))
246 /* name[2] is true if strlen(name) > 2 */
247 if (!isPRINT(name[1]) || strchr("\t\n\r\f", name[1])) {
248 /* 1999-02-27 mjd@plover.com */
250 p = strchr(name, '\0');
251 /* The next block assumes the buffer is at least 205 chars
252 long. At present, it's always at least 256 chars. */
254 strcpy(name+200, "...");
260 /* Move everything else down one character */
261 for (; p-name > 2; p--)
263 name[2] = toCTRL(name[1]);
266 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %s in \"my\"",name));
269 /* check for duplicate declaration */
270 pad_check_dup(name, is_our, (PL_curstash ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash));
272 if (PL_in_my_stash && *name != '$') {
273 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_
274 "Can't declare class for non-scalar %s in \"%s\"",
275 name, is_our ? "our" : "my"));
278 /* allocate a spare slot and store the name in that slot */
280 off = pad_add_name(name,
283 /* $_ is always in main::, even with our */
284 ? (PL_curstash && !strEQ(name,"$_") ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
295 Perl_op_free(pTHX_ OP *o)
300 if (!o || o->op_static)
304 if (o->op_private & OPpREFCOUNTED) {
315 refcnt = OpREFCNT_dec(o);
326 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
327 register OP *kid, *nextkid;
328 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = nextkid) {
329 nextkid = kid->op_sibling; /* Get before next freeing kid */
334 type = (OPCODE)o->op_targ;
336 /* COP* is not cleared by op_clear() so that we may track line
337 * numbers etc even after null() */
338 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_SETSTATE || type == OP_DBSTATE)
343 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
350 Perl_op_clear(pTHX_ OP *o)
355 /* if (o->op_madprop && o->op_madprop->mad_next)
357 /* FIXME for MAD - if I uncomment these two lines t/op/pack.t fails with
358 "modification of a read only value" for a reason I can't fathom why.
359 It's the "" stringification of $_, where $_ was set to '' in a foreach
360 loop, but it defies simplification into a small test case.
361 However, commenting them out has caused ext/List/Util/t/weak.t to fail
364 mad_free(o->op_madprop);
370 switch (o->op_type) {
371 case OP_NULL: /* Was holding old type, if any. */
372 if (PL_madskills && o->op_targ != OP_NULL) {
373 o->op_type = o->op_targ;
377 case OP_ENTEREVAL: /* Was holding hints. */
381 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_REF)
382 || (PL_check[o->op_type] != MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)))
388 if (! (o->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST && o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
389 /* not an OP_PADAV replacement */
391 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
392 /* No GvIN_PAD_off(cGVOPo_gv) here, because other references
393 * may still exist on the pad */
394 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
395 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
398 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
399 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
403 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
405 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
406 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
409 Even if op_clear does a pad_free for the target of the op,
410 pad_free doesn't actually remove the sv that exists in the pad;
411 instead it lives on. This results in that it could be reused as
412 a target later on when the pad was reallocated.
415 pad_swipe(o->op_targ,1);
424 if (o->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED|OPf_KIDS))
428 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
429 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
430 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
433 Safefree(cPVOPo->op_pv);
434 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
438 op_free(cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot);
442 if (INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot)) {
443 /* No GvIN_PAD_off here, because other references may still
444 * exist on the pad */
445 pad_swipe(INT2PTR(PADOFFSET, cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot), TRUE);
448 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot);
455 HV * const pmstash = PmopSTASH(cPMOPo);
456 if (pmstash && !SvIS_FREED(pmstash)) {
457 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((SV*)pmstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
459 PMOP *pmop = (PMOP*) mg->mg_obj;
460 PMOP *lastpmop = NULL;
462 if (cPMOPo == pmop) {
464 lastpmop->op_pmnext = pmop->op_pmnext;
466 mg->mg_obj = (SV*) pmop->op_pmnext;
470 pmop = pmop->op_pmnext;
474 PmopSTASH_free(cPMOPo);
476 cPMOPo->op_pmreplroot = NULL;
477 /* we use the "SAFE" version of the PM_ macros here
478 * since sv_clean_all might release some PMOPs
479 * after PL_regex_padav has been cleared
480 * and the clearing of PL_regex_padav needs to
481 * happen before sv_clean_all
483 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE_SAFE(cPMOPo));
484 PM_SETRE_SAFE(cPMOPo, NULL);
486 if(PL_regex_pad) { /* We could be in destruction */
487 av_push((AV*) PL_regex_pad[0],(SV*) PL_regex_pad[(cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset]);
488 SvREPADTMP_on(PL_regex_pad[(cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset]);
489 PM_SETRE(cPMOPo, (cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset);
496 if (o->op_targ > 0) {
497 pad_free(o->op_targ);
503 S_cop_free(pTHX_ COP* cop)
505 Safefree(cop->cop_label); /* FIXME: treaddead ??? */
508 if (! specialWARN(cop->cop_warnings))
509 SvREFCNT_dec(cop->cop_warnings);
510 if (! specialCopIO(cop->cop_io)) {
514 SvREFCNT_dec(cop->cop_io);
517 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints);
521 Perl_op_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
524 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
528 o->op_targ = o->op_type;
529 o->op_type = OP_NULL;
530 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_NULL];
534 Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)
542 Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)
549 /* Contextualizers */
551 #define LINKLIST(o) ((o)->op_next ? (o)->op_next : linklist((OP*)o))
554 Perl_linklist(pTHX_ OP *o)
561 /* establish postfix order */
562 first = cUNOPo->op_first;
565 o->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
568 if (kid->op_sibling) {
569 kid->op_next = LINKLIST(kid->op_sibling);
570 kid = kid->op_sibling;
584 Perl_scalarkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
586 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
588 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
595 S_scalarboolean(pTHX_ OP *o)
598 if (o->op_type == OP_SASSIGN && cBINOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
599 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
600 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
602 if (PL_copline != NOLINE)
603 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
604 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Found = in conditional, should be ==");
605 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
612 Perl_scalar(pTHX_ OP *o)
617 /* assumes no premature commitment */
618 if (!o || PL_error_count || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
619 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
624 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
626 switch (o->op_type) {
628 scalar(cBINOPo->op_first);
633 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
637 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
638 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplroot)
639 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
647 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
648 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
654 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
656 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
662 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
667 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
673 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
676 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
677 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of sort in scalar context");
683 Perl_scalarvoid(pTHX_ OP *o)
687 const char* useless = NULL;
691 /* trailing mad null ops don't count as "there" for void processing */
693 o->op_type != OP_NULL &&
695 o->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NULL)
698 for (sib = o->op_sibling;
699 sib && sib->op_type == OP_NULL;
700 sib = sib->op_sibling) ;
706 if (o->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
707 || o->op_type == OP_SETSTATE
708 || o->op_type == OP_DBSTATE
709 || (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
710 || o->op_targ == OP_SETSTATE
711 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)))
712 PL_curcop = (COP*)o; /* for warning below */
714 /* assumes no premature commitment */
715 want = o->op_flags & OPf_WANT;
716 if ((want && want != OPf_WANT_SCALAR) || PL_error_count
717 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
722 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
723 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
725 return scalar(o); /* As if inside SASSIGN */
728 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_VOID;
730 switch (o->op_type) {
732 if (!(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
736 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
740 if (o->op_private == 4)
812 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)))
813 useless = OP_DESC(o);
817 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
818 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH && kid->op_type != OP_SUBST &&
819 kid->op_type != OP_TRANS) {
822 useless = "negative pattern binding (!~)";
829 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)) &&
830 (!o->op_sibling || o->op_sibling->op_type != OP_READLINE))
831 useless = "a variable";
836 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
837 no_bareword_allowed(o);
839 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID)) {
840 useless = "a constant";
841 if (o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE)
843 /* don't warn on optimised away booleans, eg
844 * use constant Foo, 5; Foo || print; */
845 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT)
847 /* the constants 0 and 1 are permitted as they are
848 conventionally used as dummies in constructs like
849 1 while some_condition_with_side_effects; */
850 else if (SvNIOK(sv) && (SvNV(sv) == 0.0 || SvNV(sv) == 1.0))
852 else if (SvPOK(sv)) {
853 /* perl4's way of mixing documentation and code
854 (before the invention of POD) was based on a
855 trick to mix nroff and perl code. The trick was
856 built upon these three nroff macros being used in
857 void context. The pink camel has the details in
858 the script wrapman near page 319. */
859 const char * const maybe_macro = SvPVX_const(sv);
860 if (strnEQ(maybe_macro, "di", 2) ||
861 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ds", 2) ||
862 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ig", 2))
867 op_null(o); /* don't execute or even remember it */
871 o->op_type = OP_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
872 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREINC];
876 o->op_type = OP_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
877 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREDEC];
881 o->op_type = OP_I_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
882 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREINC];
886 o->op_type = OP_I_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
887 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREDEC];
896 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
901 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
908 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
919 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
926 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
927 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
932 if ((kid = cLISTOPo->op_first) && kid->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
933 if (!kPMOP->op_pmreplroot)
934 deprecate_old("implicit split to @_");
938 if (useless && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
939 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of %s in void context", useless);
944 Perl_listkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
946 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
948 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
955 Perl_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
960 /* assumes no premature commitment */
961 if (!o || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) || PL_error_count
962 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
967 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
968 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
970 return o; /* As if inside SASSIGN */
973 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_LIST;
975 switch (o->op_type) {
978 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
983 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
991 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
993 if (!o->op_next && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP) {
994 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
995 return gen_constant_list(o);
1002 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
1004 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
1005 if (kid->op_sibling)
1010 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
1014 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1015 if (kid->op_sibling)
1020 WITH_THR(PL_curcop = &PL_compiling);
1023 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1024 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1031 Perl_scalarseq(pTHX_ OP *o)
1035 if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ ||
1036 o->op_type == OP_SCOPE ||
1037 o->op_type == OP_LEAVE ||
1038 o->op_type == OP_LEAVETRY)
1041 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1042 if (kid->op_sibling) {
1046 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1048 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
1049 if (PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE)
1050 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1053 o = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
1058 S_modkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1060 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1062 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1068 /* Propagate lvalue ("modifiable") context to an op and its children.
1069 * 'type' represents the context type, roughly based on the type of op that
1070 * would do the modifying, although local() is represented by OP_NULL.
1071 * It's responsible for detecting things that can't be modified, flag
1072 * things that need to behave specially in an lvalue context (e.g., "$$x = 5"
1073 * might have to vivify a reference in $x), and so on.
1075 * For example, "$a+1 = 2" would cause mod() to be called with o being
1076 * OP_ADD and type being OP_SASSIGN, and would output an error.
1080 Perl_mod(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1084 /* -1 = error on localize, 0 = ignore localize, 1 = ok to localize */
1087 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1090 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1091 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1096 switch (o->op_type) {
1102 if (!(o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE))
1105 if (PL_eval_start && PL_eval_start->op_type == OP_CONST) {
1106 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling,
1107 (I32)SvIV(cSVOPx(PL_eval_start)->op_sv));
1111 SAVECOPARYBASE(&PL_compiling);
1112 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling, 0);
1114 else if (type == OP_REFGEN)
1117 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "That use of $[ is unsupported");
1120 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PL_madskills)
1124 if ((type == OP_UNDEF || type == OP_REFGEN) &&
1125 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1126 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1127 /* The default is to set op_private to the number of children,
1128 which for a UNOP such as RV2CV is always 1. And w're using
1129 the bit for a flag in RV2CV, so we need it clear. */
1130 o->op_private &= ~1;
1131 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1132 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1133 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first);/* disable pushmark */
1136 else if (o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD)
1138 else { /* lvalue subroutine call */
1139 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1140 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1141 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN) {
1142 /* Backward compatibility mode: */
1143 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_INARGS;
1146 else { /* Compile-time error message: */
1147 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1151 if (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
1153 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL || kid->op_targ != OP_LIST)
1155 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1156 "args: type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1157 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1158 kid = kLISTOP->op_first;
1160 while (kid->op_sibling)
1161 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1162 if (!(kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2CV)) {
1164 if (kid->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED
1165 || kid->op_type == OP_METHOD)
1169 NewOp(1101, newop, 1, UNOP);
1170 newop->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1171 newop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1172 newop->op_first = NULL;
1173 newop->op_next = (OP*)newop;
1174 kid->op_sibling = (OP*)newop;
1175 newop->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1176 newop->op_private &= ~1;
1180 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
1182 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1183 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1184 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1185 kid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1186 break; /* Postpone until runtime */
1190 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1191 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2SV)
1192 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1193 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
1195 "Unexpected constant lvalue entersub "
1196 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1197 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1198 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV) {
1199 /* Restore RV2CV to check lvalueness */
1201 if (kid->op_next && kid->op_next != kid) { /* Happens? */
1202 okid->op_next = kid->op_next;
1203 kid->op_next = okid;
1206 okid->op_next = NULL;
1207 okid->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1209 okid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1210 okid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1211 okid->op_private &= ~1;
1215 cv = GvCV(kGVOP_gv);
1225 /* grep, foreach, subcalls, refgen */
1226 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN)
1228 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't modify %s in %s",
1229 (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
1231 : (o->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
1232 ? "non-lvalue subroutine call"
1234 type ? PL_op_desc[type] : "local"));
1248 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1257 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
1264 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1270 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
1271 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1272 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1276 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1278 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1282 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1283 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1289 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1292 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1297 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1312 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1313 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1314 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1315 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1317 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1318 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1322 if (!type) /* local() */
1323 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't localize lexical variable %s",
1324 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(o->op_targ));
1332 if (type != OP_SASSIGN)
1336 if (o->op_private == 4) /* don't allow 4 arg substr as lvalue */
1341 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1342 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1344 pad_free(o->op_targ);
1345 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(o->op_type, SVs_PADMY);
1346 assert(SvTYPE(PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) == SVt_NULL);
1347 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1348 mod(cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling, type);
1353 ref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1354 if (type == OP_ENTERSUB &&
1355 !(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO | OPpDEREF)))
1356 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1357 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1358 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1368 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1369 mod(cLISTOPo->op_last, type);
1374 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* do BLOCK */
1376 else if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1378 if (o->op_targ != OP_LIST) {
1379 mod(cBINOPo->op_first, type);
1385 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1390 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1392 break; /* mod()ing was handled by ck_return() */
1395 /* [20011101.069] File test operators interpret OPf_REF to mean that
1396 their argument is a filehandle; thus \stat(".") should not set
1398 if (type == OP_REFGEN &&
1399 PL_check[o->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst))
1402 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1403 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1405 if (type == OP_AASSIGN || type == OP_SASSIGN)
1406 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_REF;
1407 else if (!type) { /* local() */
1410 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1411 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_SPECIAL;
1412 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1417 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
1418 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
1419 "Useless localization of %s", OP_DESC(o));
1423 else if (type != OP_GREPSTART && type != OP_ENTERSUB
1424 && type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1425 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1430 S_scalar_mod_type(const OP *o, I32 type)
1434 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
1458 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1477 S_is_handle_constructor(const OP *o, I32 numargs)
1479 switch (o->op_type) {
1487 case OP_SELECT: /* XXX c.f. SelectSaver.pm */
1500 Perl_refkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1502 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1504 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1511 Perl_doref(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type, bool set_op_ref)
1516 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1519 switch (o->op_type) {
1521 if ((type == OP_EXISTS || type == OP_DEFINED || type == OP_LOCK) &&
1522 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1523 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1524 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1525 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1526 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first); /* disable pushmark */
1527 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
1528 o->op_private &= ~1;
1533 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1534 doref(kid, type, set_op_ref);
1537 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1538 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1539 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1542 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1543 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1544 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1546 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1551 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD; /* XXX ??? */
1557 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1560 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1561 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1562 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1568 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1573 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1575 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, type, set_op_ref);
1579 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1580 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1581 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1582 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1584 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1594 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1596 doref(cLISTOPo->op_last, type, set_op_ref);
1606 S_dup_attrlist(pTHX_ OP *o)
1611 /* An attrlist is either a simple OP_CONST or an OP_LIST with kids,
1612 * where the first kid is OP_PUSHMARK and the remaining ones
1613 * are OP_CONST. We need to push the OP_CONST values.
1615 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1616 rop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv));
1618 else if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
1622 assert((o->op_type == OP_LIST) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS));
1624 for (o = cLISTOPo->op_first; o; o=o->op_sibling) {
1625 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1626 rop = append_elem(OP_LIST, rop,
1627 newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags,
1628 SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv)));
1635 S_apply_attrs(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *target, OP *attrs, bool for_my)
1640 /* fake up C<use attributes $pkg,$rv,@attrs> */
1641 ENTER; /* need to protect against side-effects of 'use' */
1643 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1645 #define ATTRSMODULE "attributes"
1646 #define ATTRSMODULE_PM "attributes.pm"
1649 /* Don't force the C<use> if we don't need it. */
1650 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(GvHVn(PL_incgv), ATTRSMODULE_PM, FALSE);
1651 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef)
1652 /*EMPTY*/; /* already in %INC */
1654 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
1655 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE), NULL);
1658 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1659 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1661 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1662 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1663 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1664 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1666 dup_attrlist(attrs))));
1672 S_apply_attrs_my(pTHX_ HV *stash, OP *target, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1675 OP *pack, *imop, *arg;
1681 assert(target->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
1682 target->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
1683 target->op_type == OP_PADAV);
1685 /* Ensure that attributes.pm is loaded. */
1686 apply_attrs(stash, PAD_SV(target->op_targ), attrs, TRUE);
1688 /* Need package name for method call. */
1689 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE));
1691 /* Build up the real arg-list. */
1692 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1694 arg = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1695 arg->op_targ = target->op_targ;
1696 arg = prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1697 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1698 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1699 newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
1700 mod(arg, OP_REFGEN)),
1701 dup_attrlist(attrs)));
1703 /* Fake up a method call to import */
1704 meth = newSVpvs_share("import");
1705 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_WANT_VOID,
1706 append_elem(OP_LIST,
1707 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
1708 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
1709 imop->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD;
1711 /* Combine the ops. */
1712 *imopsp = append_elem(OP_LIST, *imopsp, imop);
1716 =notfor apidoc apply_attrs_string
1718 Attempts to apply a list of attributes specified by the C<attrstr> and
1719 C<len> arguments to the subroutine identified by the C<cv> argument which
1720 is expected to be associated with the package identified by the C<stashpv>
1721 argument (see L<attributes>). It gets this wrong, though, in that it
1722 does not correctly identify the boundaries of the individual attribute
1723 specifications within C<attrstr>. This is not really intended for the
1724 public API, but has to be listed here for systems such as AIX which
1725 need an explicit export list for symbols. (It's called from XS code
1726 in support of the C<ATTRS:> keyword from F<xsubpp>.) Patches to fix it
1727 to respect attribute syntax properly would be welcome.
1733 Perl_apply_attrs_string(pTHX_ const char *stashpv, CV *cv,
1734 const char *attrstr, STRLEN len)
1739 len = strlen(attrstr);
1743 for (; isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
1745 const char * const sstr = attrstr;
1746 for (; !isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
1747 attrs = append_elem(OP_LIST, attrs,
1748 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1749 newSVpvn(sstr, attrstr-sstr)));
1753 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1754 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1755 NULL, prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1756 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(stashpv,0)),
1757 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1758 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1764 S_my_kid(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1769 if (!o || PL_error_count)
1773 if (PL_madskills && type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1774 (void)my_kid(cUNOPo->op_first, attrs, imopsp);
1778 if (type == OP_LIST) {
1780 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1781 my_kid(kid, attrs, imopsp);
1782 } else if (type == OP_UNDEF
1788 } else if (type == OP_RV2SV || /* "our" declaration */
1790 type == OP_RV2HV) { /* XXX does this let anything illegal in? */
1791 if (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_GV) { /* MJD 20011224 */
1792 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in %s",
1793 OP_DESC(o), PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my"));
1795 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
1797 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
1798 apply_attrs(GvSTASH(gv),
1799 (type == OP_RV2SV ? GvSV(gv) :
1800 type == OP_RV2AV ? (SV*)GvAV(gv) :
1801 type == OP_RV2HV ? (SV*)GvHV(gv) : (SV*)gv),
1804 o->op_private |= OPpOUR_INTRO;
1807 else if (type != OP_PADSV &&
1810 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
1812 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
1814 PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my"));
1817 else if (attrs && type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1821 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
1823 /* check for C<my Dog $spot> when deciding package */
1824 stash = PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(o->op_targ);
1826 stash = PL_curstash;
1827 apply_attrs_my(stash, o, attrs, imopsp);
1829 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1830 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1835 Perl_my_attrs(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs)
1839 int maybe_scalar = 0;
1841 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
1842 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
1844 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1854 o = my_kid(o, attrs, &rops);
1856 if (maybe_scalar && o->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
1857 o = scalar(append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)rops, (LISTOP*)o));
1858 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1861 o = append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)o, (LISTOP*)rops);
1864 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
1869 Perl_my(pTHX_ OP *o)
1871 return my_attrs(o, NULL);
1875 Perl_sawparens(pTHX_ OP *o)
1877 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
1879 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1884 Perl_bind_match(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *left, OP *right)
1889 if ( (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
1890 left->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
1891 left->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
1892 left->op_type == OP_PADHV)
1893 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
1895 const char * const desc = PL_op_desc[(right->op_type == OP_SUBST ||
1896 right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
1897 ? right->op_type : OP_MATCH];
1898 const char * const sample = ((left->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
1899 left->op_type == OP_PADAV)
1900 ? "@array" : "%hash");
1901 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1902 "Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)",
1903 desc, sample, sample);
1906 if (right->op_type == OP_CONST &&
1907 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
1908 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
1910 no_bareword_allowed(right);
1913 ismatchop = right->op_type == OP_MATCH ||
1914 right->op_type == OP_SUBST ||
1915 right->op_type == OP_TRANS;
1916 if (ismatchop && right->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
1918 right->op_private &= ~OPpTARGET_MY;
1920 if (!(right->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && ismatchop) {
1921 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
1922 if (right->op_type != OP_MATCH &&
1923 ! (right->op_type == OP_TRANS &&
1924 right->op_private & OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL))
1925 left = mod(left, right->op_type);
1926 if (right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
1927 o = newBINOP(OP_NULL, OPf_STACKED, scalar(left), right);
1929 o = prepend_elem(right->op_type, scalar(left), right);
1931 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar(o));
1935 return bind_match(type, left,
1936 pmruntime(newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0), right, 0));
1940 Perl_invert(pTHX_ OP *o)
1944 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, OPf_SPECIAL, scalar(o));
1948 Perl_scope(pTHX_ OP *o)
1952 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PERLDB_NOOPT || PL_tainting) {
1953 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, newOP(OP_ENTER, 0), o);
1954 o->op_type = OP_LEAVE;
1955 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVE];
1957 else if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ) {
1959 o->op_type = OP_SCOPE;
1960 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SCOPE];
1961 kid = ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first;
1962 if (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE) {
1965 /* The following deals with things like 'do {1 for 1}' */
1966 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1968 (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE))
1973 o = newLISTOP(OP_SCOPE, 0, o, NULL);
1979 Perl_block_start(pTHX_ int full)
1982 const int retval = PL_savestack_ix;
1983 pad_block_start(full);
1985 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1986 SAVESPTR(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
1987 if (! specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings)) {
1988 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVsv(PL_compiling.cop_warnings) ;
1989 SAVEFREESV(PL_compiling.cop_warnings) ;
1991 SAVESPTR(PL_compiling.cop_io);
1992 if (! specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io)) {
1993 PL_compiling.cop_io = newSVsv(PL_compiling.cop_io) ;
1994 SAVEFREESV(PL_compiling.cop_io) ;
2000 Perl_block_end(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *seq)
2003 const int needblockscope = PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2004 OP* const retval = scalarseq(seq);
2006 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
2008 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; /* propagate out */
2017 const I32 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
2018 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
2019 return newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv));
2022 OP * const o = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
2023 o->op_targ = offset;
2029 Perl_newPROG(pTHX_ OP *o)
2035 PL_eval_root = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEEVAL,
2036 ((PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
2037 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0), o);
2038 PL_eval_start = linklist(PL_eval_root);
2039 PL_eval_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2040 OpREFCNT_set(PL_eval_root, 1);
2041 PL_eval_root->op_next = 0;
2042 CALL_PEEP(PL_eval_start);
2045 if (o->op_type == OP_STUB) {
2046 PL_comppad_name = 0;
2051 PL_main_root = scope(sawparens(scalarvoid(o)));
2052 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2053 PL_main_start = LINKLIST(PL_main_root);
2054 PL_main_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2055 OpREFCNT_set(PL_main_root, 1);
2056 PL_main_root->op_next = 0;
2057 CALL_PEEP(PL_main_start);
2060 /* Register with debugger */
2062 CV * const cv = get_cv("DB::postponed", FALSE);
2066 XPUSHs((SV*)CopFILEGV(&PL_compiling));
2068 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_DISCARD);
2075 Perl_localize(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 lex)
2078 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2079 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2080 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2087 if ( PL_bufptr > PL_oldbufptr && PL_bufptr[-1] == ','
2088 && ckWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS))
2090 char *s = PL_bufptr;
2093 /* some heuristics to detect a potential error */
2094 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2098 if (*s && strchr("@$%*", *s) && *++s
2099 && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s))) {
2102 while (*s && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)))
2104 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2110 if (sigil && (*s == ';' || *s == '=')) {
2111 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS),
2112 "Parentheses missing around \"%s\" list",
2113 lex ? (PL_in_my == KEY_our ? "our" : "my")
2121 o = mod(o, OP_NULL); /* a bit kludgey */
2123 PL_in_my_stash = NULL;
2128 Perl_jmaybe(pTHX_ OP *o)
2130 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST) {
2132 = newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv_fetchpvs(";", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV)));
2133 o = convert(OP_JOIN, 0, prepend_elem(OP_LIST, o2, o));
2139 Perl_fold_constants(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2144 I32 type = o->op_type;
2151 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2153 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET && !o->op_targ)
2154 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2156 /* integerize op, unless it happens to be C<-foo>.
2157 * XXX should pp_i_negate() do magic string negation instead? */
2158 if ((PL_opargs[type] & OA_OTHERINT) && (PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER)
2159 && !(type == OP_NEGATE && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST
2160 && (cUNOPo->op_first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)))
2162 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type = ++(o->op_type)];
2165 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
2170 /* XXX might want a ck_negate() for this */
2171 cUNOPo->op_first->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
2182 /* XXX what about the numeric ops? */
2183 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2188 goto nope; /* Don't try to run w/ errors */
2190 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2191 if ((curop->op_type != OP_CONST ||
2192 (curop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) &&
2193 curop->op_type != OP_LIST &&
2194 curop->op_type != OP_SCALAR &&
2195 curop->op_type != OP_NULL &&
2196 curop->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2202 curop = LINKLIST(o);
2203 old_next = o->op_next;
2207 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2208 create_eval_scope(G_FAKINGEVAL);
2215 sv = *(PL_stack_sp--);
2216 if (o->op_targ && sv == PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) /* grab pad temp? */
2217 pad_swipe(o->op_targ, FALSE);
2218 else if (SvTEMP(sv)) { /* grab mortal temp? */
2219 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv);
2224 /* Something tried to die. Abandon constant folding. */
2225 /* Pretend the error never happened. */
2226 sv_setpvn(ERRSV,"",0);
2227 o->op_next = old_next;
2231 /* Don't expect 1 (setjmp failed) or 2 (something called my_exit) */
2232 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d", ret);
2237 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2238 delete_eval_scope();
2247 if (type == OP_RV2GV)
2248 newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, (GV*)sv);
2250 newop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv);
2251 op_getmad(o,newop,'f');
2259 Perl_gen_constant_list(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2263 const I32 oldtmps_floor = PL_tmps_floor;
2267 return o; /* Don't attempt to run with errors */
2269 PL_op = curop = LINKLIST(o);
2276 PL_tmps_floor = oldtmps_floor;
2278 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
2279 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
2280 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_REF; /* treat \(1..2) like an ordinary list */
2281 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; /* and flatten \(1..2,3) */
2282 o->op_opt = 0; /* needs to be revisited in peep() */
2283 curop = ((UNOP*)o)->op_first;
2284 ((UNOP*)o)->op_first = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(*PL_stack_sp--));
2286 op_getmad(curop,o,'O');
2295 Perl_convert(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *o)
2298 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2299 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2301 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
2303 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK))
2304 op_null(cLISTOPo->op_first);
2306 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2307 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2308 o->op_flags |= flags;
2310 o = CHECKOP(type, o);
2311 if (o->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2314 return fold_constants(o);
2317 /* List constructors */
2320 Perl_append_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2328 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type
2329 || (type == OP_LIST && (first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)))
2331 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2334 if (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
2335 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last->op_sibling = last;
2337 first->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2338 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_first = last;
2340 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last = last;
2345 Perl_append_list(pTHX_ I32 type, LISTOP *first, LISTOP *last)
2353 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2354 return prepend_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2356 if (last->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2357 return append_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2359 first->op_last->op_sibling = last->op_first;
2360 first->op_last = last->op_last;
2361 first->op_flags |= (last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS);
2364 if (last->op_first && first->op_madprop) {
2365 MADPROP *mp = last->op_first->op_madprop;
2367 while (mp->mad_next)
2369 mp->mad_next = first->op_madprop;
2372 last->op_first->op_madprop = first->op_madprop;
2375 first->op_madprop = last->op_madprop;
2376 last->op_madprop = 0;
2385 Perl_prepend_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2393 if (last->op_type == (unsigned)type) {
2394 if (type == OP_LIST) { /* already a PUSHMARK there */
2395 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling;
2396 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling = first;
2397 if (!(first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
2398 last->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
2401 if (!(last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
2402 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_last = first;
2403 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2405 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first;
2406 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first = first;
2408 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2412 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2420 Perl_newTOKEN(pTHX_ I32 optype, YYSTYPE lval, MADPROP* madprop)
2423 Newxz(tk, 1, TOKEN);
2424 tk->tk_type = (OPCODE)optype;
2425 tk->tk_type = 12345;
2427 tk->tk_mad = madprop;
2432 Perl_token_free(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk)
2434 if (tk->tk_type != 12345)
2436 mad_free(tk->tk_mad);
2441 Perl_token_getmad(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk, OP* o, char slot)
2445 if (tk->tk_type != 12345) {
2446 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2447 "Invalid TOKEN object ignored");
2454 /* faked up qw list? */
2456 tm->mad_type == MAD_SV &&
2457 SvPVX((SV*)tm->mad_val)[0] == 'q')
2464 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2465 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2466 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2467 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2469 token_getmad(tk,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2483 if (mp->mad_key == 'X')
2484 mp->mad_key = slot; /* just change the first one */
2494 Perl_op_getmad_weak(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2503 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2504 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2505 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2506 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2508 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2515 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2518 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2524 Perl_op_getmad(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2533 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2534 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2535 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2536 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2538 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2545 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2548 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2552 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(),
2553 "DESTROYING op = %0"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(from));
2559 Perl_prepend_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp, OP* o, char slot)
2577 Perl_append_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, OP* o, char slot)
2581 addmad(tm, &(o->op_madprop), slot);
2585 Perl_addmad(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, MADPROP** root, char slot)
2606 Perl_newMADsv(pTHX_ char key, SV* sv)
2608 return newMADPROP(key, MAD_SV, sv, 0);
2612 Perl_newMADPROP(pTHX_ char key, char type, void* val, I32 vlen)
2615 Newxz(mp, 1, MADPROP);
2618 mp->mad_vlen = vlen;
2619 mp->mad_type = type;
2621 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "NEW mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2626 Perl_mad_free(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp)
2628 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "FREE mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2632 mad_free(mp->mad_next);
2633 /* if (PL_lex_state != LEX_NOTPARSING && mp->mad_vlen)
2634 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "DESTROYING '%c'=<%s>\n", mp->mad_key & 255, mp->mad_val); */
2635 switch (mp->mad_type) {
2639 Safefree((char*)mp->mad_val);
2642 if (mp->mad_vlen) /* vlen holds "strong/weak" boolean */
2643 op_free((OP*)mp->mad_val);
2646 sv_free((SV*)mp->mad_val);
2649 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Unrecognized mad\n");
2658 Perl_newNULLLIST(pTHX)
2660 return newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2664 Perl_force_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
2666 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2667 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2673 Perl_newLISTOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2678 NewOp(1101, listop, 1, LISTOP);
2680 listop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2681 listop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2684 listop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2688 else if (!first && last)
2691 first->op_sibling = last;
2692 listop->op_first = first;
2693 listop->op_last = last;
2694 if (type == OP_LIST) {
2695 OP* const pushop = newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0);
2696 pushop->op_sibling = first;
2697 listop->op_first = pushop;
2698 listop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2700 listop->op_last = pushop;
2703 return CHECKOP(type, listop);
2707 Perl_newOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
2711 NewOp(1101, o, 1, OP);
2712 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2713 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2714 o->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2717 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
2718 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2720 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
2721 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2722 return CHECKOP(type, o);
2726 Perl_newUNOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first)
2732 first = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2733 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK)
2734 first = force_list(first);
2736 NewOp(1101, unop, 1, UNOP);
2737 unop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2738 unop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2739 unop->op_first = first;
2740 unop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
2741 unop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
2742 unop = (UNOP*) CHECKOP(type, unop);
2746 return fold_constants((OP *) unop);
2750 Perl_newBINOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2754 NewOp(1101, binop, 1, BINOP);
2757 first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
2759 binop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2760 binop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2761 binop->op_first = first;
2762 binop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
2765 binop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
2768 binop->op_private = (U8)(2 | (flags >> 8));
2769 first->op_sibling = last;
2772 binop = (BINOP*)CHECKOP(type, binop);
2773 if (binop->op_next || binop->op_type != (OPCODE)type)
2776 binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling;
2778 return fold_constants((OP *)binop);
2781 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
2782 __attribute__nonnull__(1)
2783 __attribute__nonnull__(2)
2784 __attribute__pure__;
2785 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
2787 if (*((const UV *)a) < (*(const UV *)b))
2789 if (*((const UV *)a) > (*(const UV *)b))
2791 if (*((const UV *)a+1) < (*(const UV *)b+1))
2793 if (*((const UV *)a+1) > (*(const UV *)b+1))
2799 Perl_pmtrans(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, OP *repl)
2802 SV * const tstr = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
2803 SV * const rstr = ((SVOP*)repl)->op_sv;
2806 const U8 *t = (U8*)SvPV_const(tstr, tlen);
2807 const U8 *r = (U8*)SvPV_const(rstr, rlen);
2811 register short *tbl;
2813 const I32 complement = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT;
2814 const I32 squash = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_SQUASH;
2815 I32 del = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_DELETE;
2816 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2819 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
2822 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
2824 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
2825 SV* const listsv = newSVpvs("# comment\n");
2827 const U8* tend = t + tlen;
2828 const U8* rend = r + rlen;
2842 const I32 from_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
2843 const I32 to_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
2846 const U32 flags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;
2850 t = tsave = bytes_to_utf8(t, &len);
2853 if (!to_utf && rlen) {
2855 r = rsave = bytes_to_utf8(r, &len);
2859 /* There are several snags with this code on EBCDIC:
2860 1. 0xFF is a legal UTF-EBCDIC byte (there are no illegal bytes).
2861 2. scan_const() in toke.c has encoded chars in native encoding which makes
2862 ranges at least in EBCDIC 0..255 range the bottom odd.
2866 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
2869 Newx(cp, 2*tlen, UV);
2871 transv = newSVpvs("");
2873 cp[2*i] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
2875 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) {
2877 cp[2*i+1] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
2881 cp[2*i+1] = cp[2*i];
2885 qsort(cp, i, 2*sizeof(UV), uvcompare);
2886 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
2888 diff = val - nextmin;
2890 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
2891 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2893 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
2894 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf, val - 1);
2895 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
2896 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2903 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
2904 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2906 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
2907 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
2909 t = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(tmpbuf, 0x7fffffff,
2910 UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER);
2911 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
2912 t = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(transv);
2913 tlen = SvCUR(transv);
2917 else if (!rlen && !del) {
2918 r = t; rlen = tlen; rend = tend;
2921 if ((!rlen && !del) || t == r ||
2922 (tlen == rlen && memEQ((char *)t, (char *)r, tlen)))
2924 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
2928 while (t < tend || tfirst <= tlast) {
2929 /* see if we need more "t" chars */
2930 if (tfirst > tlast) {
2931 tfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
2933 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
2935 tlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
2942 /* now see if we need more "r" chars */
2943 if (rfirst > rlast) {
2945 rfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
2947 if (r < rend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*r) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
2949 rlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
2958 rfirst = rlast = 0xffffffff;
2962 /* now see which range will peter our first, if either. */
2963 tdiff = tlast - tfirst;
2964 rdiff = rlast - rfirst;
2971 if (rfirst == 0xffffffff) {
2972 diff = tdiff; /* oops, pretend rdiff is infinite */
2974 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\tXXXX\n",
2975 (long)tfirst, (long)tlast);
2977 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\tXXXX\n", (long)tfirst);
2981 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\t%04lx\n",
2982 (long)tfirst, (long)(tfirst + diff),
2985 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\t%04lx\n",
2986 (long)tfirst, (long)rfirst);
2988 if (rfirst + diff > max)
2989 max = rfirst + diff;
2991 grows = (tfirst < rfirst &&
2992 UNISKIP(tfirst) < UNISKIP(rfirst + diff));
3004 else if (max > 0xff)
3009 Safefree(cPVOPo->op_pv);
3010 cSVOPo->op_sv = (SV*)swash_init("utf8", "", listsv, bits, none);
3011 SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
3012 SvREFCNT_dec(transv);
3014 if (!del && havefinal && rlen)
3015 (void)hv_store((HV*)SvRV((cSVOPo->op_sv)), "FINAL", 5,
3016 newSVuv((UV)final), 0);
3019 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3025 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3026 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3034 tbl = (short*)cPVOPo->op_pv;
3036 Zero(tbl, 256, short);
3037 for (i = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++)
3039 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
3041 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3050 if (i < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3060 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3062 else if (j >= (I32)rlen)
3065 cPVOPo->op_pv = (char*)Renew(tbl, 0x101+rlen-j, short);
3066 tbl[0x100] = (short)(rlen - j);
3067 for (i=0; i < (I32)rlen - j; i++)
3068 tbl[0x101+i] = r[j+i];
3072 if (!rlen && !del) {
3075 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3077 else if (!squash && rlen == tlen && memEQ((char*)t, (char*)r, tlen)) {
3078 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3080 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
3082 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++,j++) {
3083 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3085 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1)
3091 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1) {
3092 if (t[i] < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3099 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3101 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3102 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3112 Perl_newPMOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3117 NewOp(1101, pmop, 1, PMOP);
3118 pmop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3119 pmop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3120 pmop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3121 pmop->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3123 if (PL_hints & HINT_RE_TAINT)
3124 pmop->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_RETAINT;
3125 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
3126 pmop->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_LOCALE;
3127 pmop->op_pmflags = pmop->op_pmpermflags;
3130 if (av_len((AV*) PL_regex_pad[0]) > -1) {
3131 SV * const repointer = av_pop((AV*)PL_regex_pad[0]);
3132 pmop->op_pmoffset = SvIV(repointer);
3133 SvREPADTMP_off(repointer);
3134 sv_setiv(repointer,0);
3136 SV * const repointer = newSViv(0);
3137 av_push(PL_regex_padav, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(repointer));
3138 pmop->op_pmoffset = av_len(PL_regex_padav);
3139 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
3143 /* link into pm list */
3144 if (type != OP_TRANS && PL_curstash) {
3145 MAGIC *mg = mg_find((SV*)PL_curstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
3148 mg = sv_magicext((SV*)PL_curstash, 0, PERL_MAGIC_symtab, 0, 0, 0);
3150 pmop->op_pmnext = (PMOP*)mg->mg_obj;
3151 mg->mg_obj = (SV*)pmop;
3152 PmopSTASH_set(pmop,PL_curstash);
3155 return CHECKOP(type, pmop);
3158 /* Given some sort of match op o, and an expression expr containing a
3159 * pattern, either compile expr into a regex and attach it to o (if it's
3160 * constant), or convert expr into a runtime regcomp op sequence (if it's
3163 * isreg indicates that the pattern is part of a regex construct, eg
3164 * $x =~ /pattern/ or split /pattern/, as opposed to $x =~ $pattern or
3165 * split "pattern", which aren't. In the former case, expr will be a list
3166 * if the pattern contains more than one term (eg /a$b/) or if it contains
3167 * a replacement, ie s/// or tr///.
3171 Perl_pmruntime(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, bool isreg)
3176 I32 repl_has_vars = 0;
3180 if (o->op_type == OP_SUBST || o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3181 /* last element in list is the replacement; pop it */
3183 repl = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last;
3184 kid = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first;
3185 while (kid->op_sibling != repl)
3186 kid = kid->op_sibling;
3187 kid->op_sibling = NULL;
3188 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last = kid;
3191 if (isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3192 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first->op_sibling == cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last)
3194 /* convert single element list to element */
3195 OP* const oe = expr;
3196 expr = cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling;
3197 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling = NULL;
3198 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_last = NULL;
3202 if (o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3203 return pmtrans(o, expr, repl);
3206 reglist = isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST;
3210 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3213 if (expr->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3215 SV * const pat = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3216 const char *p = SvPV_const(pat, plen);
3217 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) && (*p == ' ' && p[1] == '\0')) {
3218 U32 was_readonly = SvREADONLY(pat);
3222 sv_force_normal_flags(pat, 0);
3223 assert(!SvREADONLY(pat));
3226 SvREADONLY_off(pat);
3230 sv_setpvn(pat, "\\s+", 3);
3232 SvFLAGS(pat) |= was_readonly;
3234 p = SvPV_const(pat, plen);
3235 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_SKIPWHITE;
3238 pm->op_pmdynflags |= PMdf_UTF8;
3239 /* FIXME - can we make this function take const char * args? */
3240 PM_SETRE(pm, CALLREGCOMP(aTHX_ (char*)p, (char*)p + plen, pm));
3241 if (strEQ("\\s+", PM_GETRE(pm)->precomp))
3242 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_WHITE;
3244 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)pm,'e');
3250 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL))
3251 expr = newUNOP((!(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)
3253 : OP_REGCMAYBE),0,expr);
3255 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3256 rcop->op_type = OP_REGCOMP;
3257 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_REGCOMP];
3258 rcop->op_first = scalar(expr);
3259 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS
3260 | ((PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL) ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0)
3261 | (reglist ? OPf_STACKED : 0);
3262 rcop->op_private = 1;
3265 rcop->op_targ = pad_alloc(rcop->op_type, SVs_PADTMP);
3267 /* /$x/ may cause an eval, since $x might be qr/(?{..})/ */
3270 /* establish postfix order */
3271 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)) {
3273 rcop->op_next = expr;
3274 ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3277 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(expr);
3278 expr->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3281 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar((OP*)rcop), o);
3286 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_EVAL) {
3288 if (CopLINE(PL_curcop) < (line_t)PL_multi_end)
3289 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, (line_t)PL_multi_end);
3291 else if (repl->op_type == OP_CONST)
3295 for (curop = LINKLIST(repl); curop!=repl; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3296 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
3297 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3298 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3300 if (strchr("&`'123456789+-\016\022", *GvENAME(gv)))
3303 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3305 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3306 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3307 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3308 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3309 if (lastop && lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /*funny deref?*/
3312 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3313 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3314 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3315 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
3318 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3319 /*EMPTY*/; /* Okay here, dangerous in newASSIGNOP */
3329 || PM_GETRE(pm)->reganch & ROPT_EVAL_SEEN))) {
3330 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3331 pm->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3332 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar(repl), o);
3335 if (curop == repl && !PM_GETRE(pm)) { /* Has variables. */
3336 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3337 pm->op_pmpermflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3339 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3340 rcop->op_type = OP_SUBSTCONT;
3341 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SUBSTCONT];
3342 rcop->op_first = scalar(repl);
3343 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3344 rcop->op_private = 1;
3347 /* establish postfix order */
3348 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(repl);
3349 repl->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3351 pm->op_pmreplroot = scalar((OP*)rcop);
3352 pm->op_pmreplstart = LINKLIST(rcop);
3361 Perl_newSVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3365 NewOp(1101, svop, 1, SVOP);
3366 svop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3367 svop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3369 svop->op_next = (OP*)svop;
3370 svop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3371 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3373 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3374 svop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3375 return CHECKOP(type, svop);
3379 Perl_newPADOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3383 NewOp(1101, padop, 1, PADOP);
3384 padop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3385 padop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3386 padop->op_padix = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3387 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(padop->op_padix));
3388 PAD_SETSV(padop->op_padix, sv);
3391 padop->op_next = (OP*)padop;
3392 padop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3393 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3395 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3396 padop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3397 return CHECKOP(type, padop);
3401 Perl_newGVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, GV *gv)
3407 return newPADOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple(gv));
3409 return newSVOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple(gv));
3414 Perl_newPVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, char *pv)
3418 NewOp(1101, pvop, 1, PVOP);
3419 pvop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3420 pvop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3422 pvop->op_next = (OP*)pvop;
3423 pvop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3424 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3426 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3427 pvop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3428 return CHECKOP(type, pvop);
3436 Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *o)
3445 save_hptr(&PL_curstash);
3446 save_item(PL_curstname);
3448 name = SvPV_const(cSVOPo->op_sv, len);
3449 PL_curstash = gv_stashpvn(name, len, TRUE);
3450 sv_setpvn(PL_curstname, name, len);
3452 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3453 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3459 if (!PL_madskills) {
3464 pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3465 op_getmad(o,pegop,'P');
3475 Perl_utilize(pTHX_ int aver, I32 floor, OP *version, OP *idop, OP *arg)
3482 OP *pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3485 if (idop->op_type != OP_CONST)
3486 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name must be constant");
3489 op_getmad(idop,pegop,'U');
3494 SV * const vesv = ((SVOP*)version)->op_sv;
3497 op_getmad(version,pegop,'V');
3498 if (!arg && !SvNIOKp(vesv)) {
3505 if (version->op_type != OP_CONST || !SvNIOKp(vesv))
3506 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Version number must be constant number");
3508 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3509 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3511 /* Fake up a method call to VERSION */
3512 meth = newSVpvs_share("VERSION");
3513 veop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3514 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3515 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(version)),
3516 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3520 /* Fake up an import/unimport */
3521 if (arg && arg->op_type == OP_STUB) {
3523 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'S');
3524 imop = arg; /* no import on explicit () */
3526 else if (SvNIOKp(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv)) {
3527 imop = NULL; /* use 5.0; */
3529 idop->op_private |= OPpCONST_NOVER;
3535 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'A');
3537 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3538 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3540 /* Fake up a method call to import/unimport */
3542 ? newSVpvs_share("import") : newSVpvs_share("unimport");
3543 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3544 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3545 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
3546 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3549 /* Fake up the BEGIN {}, which does its thing immediately. */
3551 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs_share("BEGIN")),
3554 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3555 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3556 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, 0, idop)),
3557 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, veop)),
3558 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, imop) ));
3560 /* The "did you use incorrect case?" warning used to be here.
3561 * The problem is that on case-insensitive filesystems one
3562 * might get false positives for "use" (and "require"):
3563 * "use Strict" or "require CARP" will work. This causes
3564 * portability problems for the script: in case-strict
3565 * filesystems the script will stop working.
3567 * The "incorrect case" warning checked whether "use Foo"
3568 * imported "Foo" to your namespace, but that is wrong, too:
3569 * there is no requirement nor promise in the language that
3570 * a Foo.pm should or would contain anything in package "Foo".
3572 * There is very little Configure-wise that can be done, either:
3573 * the case-sensitivity of the build filesystem of Perl does not
3574 * help in guessing the case-sensitivity of the runtime environment.
3577 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3578 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3580 PL_cop_seqmax++; /* Purely for B::*'s benefit */
3583 if (!PL_madskills) {
3584 /* FIXME - don't allocate pegop if !PL_madskills */
3593 =head1 Embedding Functions
3595 =for apidoc load_module
3597 Loads the module whose name is pointed to by the string part of name.
3598 Note that the actual module name, not its filename, should be given.
3599 Eg, "Foo::Bar" instead of "Foo/Bar.pm". flags can be any of
3600 PERL_LOADMOD_DENY, PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, or PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS
3601 (or 0 for no flags). ver, if specified, provides version semantics
3602 similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION>. The optional trailing SV*
3603 arguments can be used to specify arguments to the module's import()
3604 method, similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION LIST>.
3609 Perl_load_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3612 va_start(args, ver);
3613 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3617 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3619 Perl_load_module_nocontext(U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3623 va_start(args, ver);
3624 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3630 Perl_vload_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, va_list *args)
3635 OP * const modname = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, name);
3636 modname->op_private |= OPpCONST_BARE;
3638 veop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, ver);
3642 if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT) {
3643 imop = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
3645 else if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS) {
3646 imop = va_arg(*args, OP*);
3651 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
3653 imop = append_elem(OP_LIST, imop, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv));
3654 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
3658 const line_t ocopline = PL_copline;
3659 COP * const ocurcop = PL_curcop;
3660 const int oexpect = PL_expect;
3662 utilize(!(flags & PERL_LOADMOD_DENY), start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
3663 veop, modname, imop);
3664 PL_expect = oexpect;
3665 PL_copline = ocopline;
3666 PL_curcop = ocurcop;
3671 Perl_dofile(pTHX_ OP *term, I32 force_builtin)
3677 if (!force_builtin) {
3678 gv = gv_fetchpvs("do", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3679 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
3680 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "do", FALSE);
3681 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3685 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
3686 doop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
3687 append_elem(OP_LIST, term,
3688 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
3689 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))))));
3692 doop = newUNOP(OP_DOFILE, 0, scalar(term));
3698 Perl_newSLICEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *subscript, OP *listval)
3700 return newBINOP(OP_LSLICE, flags,
3701 list(force_list(subscript)),
3702 list(force_list(listval)) );
3706 S_is_list_assignment(pTHX_ register const OP *o)
3711 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
3712 o = cUNOPo->op_first;
3714 if (o->op_type == OP_COND_EXPR) {
3715 const I32 t = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling);
3716 const I32 f = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling->op_sibling);
3721 yyerror("Assignment to both a list and a scalar");
3725 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3726 (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR &&
3727 o->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
3730 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST || o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS ||
3731 o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3732 o->op_type == OP_ASLICE || o->op_type == OP_HSLICE)
3735 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV)
3738 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2SV)
3745 Perl_newASSIGNOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, I32 optype, OP *right)
3751 if (optype == OP_ANDASSIGN || optype == OP_ORASSIGN || optype == OP_DORASSIGN) {
3752 return newLOGOP(optype, 0,
3753 mod(scalar(left), optype),
3754 newUNOP(OP_SASSIGN, 0, scalar(right)));
3757 return newBINOP(optype, OPf_STACKED,
3758 mod(scalar(left), optype), scalar(right));
3762 if (is_list_assignment(left)) {
3766 /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
3767 /* Only simple assignments like C<< ($[) = 1 >> are allowed */
3768 PL_eval_start = (left->op_type == OP_CONST) ? right : 0;
3769 left = mod(left, OP_AASSIGN);
3772 else if (left->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3774 /* Result of assignment is always 1 (or we'd be dead already) */
3775 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(1));
3777 curop = list(force_list(left));
3778 o = newBINOP(OP_AASSIGN, flags, list(force_list(right)), curop);
3779 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3781 /* PL_generation sorcery:
3782 * an assignment like ($a,$b) = ($c,$d) is easier than
3783 * ($a,$b) = ($c,$a), since there is no need for temporary vars.
3784 * To detect whether there are common vars, the global var
3785 * PL_generation is incremented for each assign op we compile.
3786 * Then, while compiling the assign op, we run through all the
3787 * variables on both sides of the assignment, setting a spare slot
3788 * in each of them to PL_generation. If any of them already have
3789 * that value, we know we've got commonality. We could use a
3790 * single bit marker, but then we'd have to make 2 passes, first
3791 * to clear the flag, then to test and set it. To find somewhere
3792 * to store these values, evil chicanery is done with SvCUR().
3795 if (!(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)) {
3798 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3799 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
3800 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3801 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3803 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
3805 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
3807 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3808 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3809 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3810 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3812 if (PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(curop->op_targ)
3813 == (STRLEN)PL_generation)
3815 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(curop->op_targ, PL_generation);
3818 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3820 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3821 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3822 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3823 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3824 if (lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /* funny deref? */
3827 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
3828 if (((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot) {
3830 GV *gv = (GV*)PAD_SVl(INT2PTR(PADOFFSET,
3831 ((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot));
3833 GV *gv = (GV*)((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplroot;
3836 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
3838 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
3839 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
3848 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_COMMON;
3850 if (right && right->op_type == OP_SPLIT) {
3852 if ((tmpop = ((LISTOP*)right)->op_first) &&
3853 tmpop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3855 PMOP * const pm = (PMOP*)tmpop;
3856 if (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV &&
3857 !(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) &&
3858 !(o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON) )
3860 tmpop = ((UNOP*)left)->op_first;
3861 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV && !pm->op_pmreplroot) {
3863 pm->op_pmreplroot = INT2PTR(OP*, cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix);
3864 cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix = 0; /* steal it */
3866 pm->op_pmreplroot = (OP*)cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv;
3867 cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv = NULL; /* steal it */
3869 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
3870 tmpop = cUNOPo->op_first; /* to list (nulled) */
3871 tmpop = ((UNOP*)tmpop)->op_first; /* to pushmark */
3872 tmpop->op_sibling = NULL; /* don't free split */
3873 right->op_next = tmpop->op_next; /* fix starting loc */
3875 op_getmad(o,right,'R'); /* blow off assign */
3877 op_free(o); /* blow off assign */
3879 right->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
3880 /* "I don't know and I don't care." */
3885 if (PL_modcount < RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER &&
3886 ((LISTOP*)right)->op_last->op_type == OP_CONST)
3888 SV *sv = ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)right)->op_last)->op_sv;
3890 sv_setiv(sv, PL_modcount+1);
3898 right = newOP(OP_UNDEF, 0);
3899 if (right->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
3900 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
3901 return newBINOP(OP_NULL, flags, mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN), scalar(right));
3904 PL_eval_start = right; /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
3905 o = newBINOP(OP_SASSIGN, flags,
3906 scalar(right), mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN) );
3912 o = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(CopARYBASE_get(&PL_compiling)));
3913 o->op_private |= OPpCONST_ARYBASE;
3920 Perl_newSTATEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, OP *o)
3923 const U32 seq = intro_my();
3926 NewOp(1101, cop, 1, COP);
3927 if (PERLDB_LINE && CopLINE(PL_curcop) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
3928 cop->op_type = OP_DBSTATE;
3929 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_DBSTATE ];
3932 cop->op_type = OP_NEXTSTATE;
3933 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_NEXTSTATE ];
3935 cop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3936 CopHINTS_set(cop, PL_hints);
3938 cop->op_private |= NATIVE_HINTS;
3940 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, CopHINTS_get(cop));
3941 cop->op_next = (OP*)cop;
3944 cop->cop_label = label;
3945 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3948 CopARYBASE_set(cop, CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop));
3949 if (specialWARN(PL_curcop->cop_warnings))
3950 cop->cop_warnings = PL_curcop->cop_warnings ;
3952 cop->cop_warnings = newSVsv(PL_curcop->cop_warnings) ;
3953 if (specialCopIO(PL_curcop->cop_io))
3954 cop->cop_io = PL_curcop->cop_io;
3956 cop->cop_io = newSVsv(PL_curcop->cop_io) ;
3957 cop->cop_hints = PL_curcop->cop_hints;
3958 if (cop->cop_hints) {
3959 cop->cop_hints->refcounted_he_refcnt++;
3962 if (PL_copline == NOLINE)
3963 CopLINE_set(cop, CopLINE(PL_curcop));
3965 CopLINE_set(cop, PL_copline);
3966 PL_copline = NOLINE;
3969 CopFILE_set(cop, CopFILE(PL_curcop)); /* XXX share in a pvtable? */
3971 CopFILEGV_set(cop, CopFILEGV(PL_curcop));
3973 CopSTASH_set(cop, PL_curstash);
3975 if (PERLDB_LINE && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
3976 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(CopFILEAVx(PL_curcop), (I32)CopLINE(cop), FALSE);
3977 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef ) {
3978 (void)SvIOK_on(*svp);
3979 SvIV_set(*svp, PTR2IV(cop));
3983 return prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)cop, o);
3988 Perl_newLOGOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *other)
3991 return new_logop(type, flags, &first, &other);
3995 S_new_logop(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP** firstp, OP** otherp)
4000 OP *first = *firstp;
4001 OP * const other = *otherp;
4003 if (type == OP_XOR) /* Not short circuit, but here by precedence. */
4004 return newBINOP(type, flags, scalar(first), scalar(other));
4006 scalarboolean(first);
4007 /* optimize "!a && b" to "a || b", and "!a || b" to "a && b" */
4008 if (first->op_type == OP_NOT
4009 && (first->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
4010 && (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
4011 if (type == OP_AND || type == OP_OR) {
4017 first = *firstp = cUNOPo->op_first;
4019 first->op_next = o->op_next;
4020 cUNOPo->op_first = NULL;
4022 op_getmad(o,first,'O');
4028 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4029 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
4030 no_bareword_allowed(first);
4031 else if ((first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) && ckWARN(WARN_BAREWORD))
4032 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_BAREWORD), "Bareword found in conditional");
4033 if ((type == OP_AND && SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
4034 (type == OP_OR && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) ||
4035 (type == OP_DOR && !SvOK(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv))) {
4037 if (other->op_type == OP_CONST)
4038 other->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4040 OP *newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, other);
4041 op_getmad(first, newop, '1');
4042 newop->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4049 /* check for C<my $x if 0>, or C<my($x,$y) if 0> */
4050 const OP *o2 = other;
4051 if ( ! (o2->op_type == OP_LIST
4052 && (( o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first))
4053 && o2->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK
4054 && (( o2 = o2->op_sibling)) )
4057 if ((o2->op_type == OP_PADSV || o2->op_type == OP_PADAV
4058 || o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
4059 && o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO
4060 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED))
4062 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4063 "Deprecated use of my() in false conditional");
4067 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST)
4068 first->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4070 first = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, first);
4071 op_getmad(other, first, '2');
4072 first->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4079 else if ((first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && type != OP_DOR
4080 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) /* [#24076] Don't warn for <FH> err FOO. */
4082 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)first)->op_first;
4083 const OP * const k2 = k1->op_sibling;
4085 switch (first->op_type)
4088 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4089 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4090 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4092 warnop = k2->op_type;
4097 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4098 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4099 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4100 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
4102 warnop = ((k1->op_type == OP_NULL)
4103 ? (OPCODE)k1->op_targ : k1->op_type);
4108 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4109 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_copline);
4110 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
4111 "Value of %s%s can be \"0\"; test with defined()",
4113 ((warnop == OP_READLINE || warnop == OP_GLOB)
4114 ? " construct" : "() operator"));
4115 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4122 if (type == OP_ANDASSIGN || type == OP_ORASSIGN || type == OP_DORASSIGN)
4123 other->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS; /* other is an OP_SASSIGN */
4125 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4127 logop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
4128 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
4129 logop->op_first = first;
4130 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4131 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(other);
4132 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4134 /* establish postfix order */
4135 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
4136 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4137 first->op_sibling = other;
4139 CHECKOP(type,logop);
4141 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4148 Perl_newCONDOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *first, OP *trueop, OP *falseop)
4156 return newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, first, trueop);
4158 return newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, first, falseop);
4160 scalarboolean(first);
4161 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4162 if (first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
4163 first->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) {
4164 no_bareword_allowed(first);
4166 if (SvTRUE(((SVOP*)first)->op_sv)) {
4169 trueop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, trueop);
4170 op_getmad(first,trueop,'C');
4171 op_getmad(falseop,trueop,'e');
4173 /* FIXME for MAD - should there be an ELSE here? */
4183 falseop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, falseop);
4184 op_getmad(first,falseop,'C');
4185 op_getmad(trueop,falseop,'t');
4187 /* FIXME for MAD - should there be an ELSE here? */
4195 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4196 logop->op_type = OP_COND_EXPR;
4197 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_COND_EXPR];
4198 logop->op_first = first;
4199 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4200 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4201 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(trueop);
4202 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(falseop);
4204 CHECKOP(OP_COND_EXPR, /* that's logop->op_type */
4207 /* establish postfix order */
4208 start = LINKLIST(first);
4209 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4211 first->op_sibling = trueop;
4212 trueop->op_sibling = falseop;
4213 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4215 trueop->op_next = falseop->op_next = o;
4222 Perl_newRANGE(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, OP *right)
4231 NewOp(1101, range, 1, LOGOP);
4233 range->op_type = OP_RANGE;
4234 range->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RANGE];
4235 range->op_first = left;
4236 range->op_flags = OPf_KIDS;
4237 leftstart = LINKLIST(left);
4238 range->op_other = LINKLIST(right);
4239 range->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4241 left->op_sibling = right;
4243 range->op_next = (OP*)range;
4244 flip = newUNOP(OP_FLIP, flags, (OP*)range);
4245 flop = newUNOP(OP_FLOP, 0, flip);
4246 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, flop);
4248 range->op_next = leftstart;
4250 left->op_next = flip;
4251 right->op_next = flop;
4253 range->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4254 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(range->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4255 flip->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4256 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(flip->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4258 flip->op_private = left->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4259 flop->op_private = right->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4262 if (!flip->op_private || !flop->op_private)
4263 linklist(o); /* blow off optimizer unless constant */
4269 Perl_newLOOPOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, OP *expr, OP *block)
4274 const bool once = block && block->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL &&
4275 (block->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB || block->op_type == OP_NULL);
4277 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4280 if (once && expr->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv))
4281 return block; /* do {} while 0 does once */
4282 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4283 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4284 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4285 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4286 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4287 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4288 const OP * const k2 = k1 ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4289 switch (expr->op_type) {
4291 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4292 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4293 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4294 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4298 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4299 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4300 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4301 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4302 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4308 /* if block is null, the next append_elem() would put UNSTACK, a scalar
4309 * op, in listop. This is wrong. [perl #27024] */
4311 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4312 listop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, block, newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0));
4313 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4316 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next = LINKLIST(o);
4318 if (once && o != listop)
4319 o->op_next = ((LOGOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_other;
4322 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o); /* or do {} while 1 loses outer block */
4324 o->op_flags |= flags;
4326 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* suppress POPBLOCK curpm restoration*/
4331 Perl_newWHILEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, LOOP *loop, I32
4332 whileline, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont, I32 has_my)
4341 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4344 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4345 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4346 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4347 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4348 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4349 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4350 const OP * const k2 = (k1) ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4351 switch (expr->op_type) {
4353 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4354 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4355 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4356 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4360 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4361 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4362 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4363 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4364 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4371 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4372 else if (cont || has_my) {
4373 block = scope(block);
4377 next = LINKLIST(cont);
4380 OP * const unstack = newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0);
4383 cont = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, cont, unstack);
4386 listop = append_list(OP_LINESEQ, (LISTOP*)block, (LISTOP*)cont);
4387 redo = LINKLIST(listop);
4390 PL_copline = (line_t)whileline;
4392 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4393 if (o == expr && o->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(cSVOPo->op_sv)) {
4394 op_free(expr); /* oops, it's a while (0) */
4396 return NULL; /* listop already freed by new_logop */
4399 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next =
4400 (o == listop ? redo : LINKLIST(o));
4406 NewOp(1101,loop,1,LOOP);
4407 loop->op_type = OP_ENTERLOOP;
4408 loop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERLOOP];
4409 loop->op_private = 0;
4410 loop->op_next = (OP*)loop;
4413 o = newBINOP(OP_LEAVELOOP, 0, (OP*)loop, o);
4415 loop->op_redoop = redo;
4416 loop->op_lastop = o;
4417 o->op_private |= loopflags;
4420 loop->op_nextop = next;
4422 loop->op_nextop = o;
4424 o->op_flags |= flags;
4425 o->op_private |= (flags >> 8);
4430 Perl_newFOROP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, line_t forline, OP *sv, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont)
4435 PADOFFSET padoff = 0;
4441 if (sv->op_type == OP_RV2SV) { /* symbol table variable */
4442 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpOUR_INTRO; /* for our $x () */
4443 sv->op_type = OP_RV2GV;
4444 sv->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2GV];
4445 if (cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(sv)->op_first) == PL_defgv)
4446 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4448 else if (sv->op_type == OP_PADSV) { /* private variable */
4449 iterpflags = sv->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO; /* for my $x () */
4450 padoff = sv->op_targ;
4459 else if (sv->op_type == OP_THREADSV) { /* per-thread variable */
4460 padoff = sv->op_targ;
4465 iterflags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
4471 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use %s for loop variable", PL_op_desc[sv->op_type]);
4472 if (padoff && strEQ(PAD_COMPNAME_PV(padoff), "$_"))
4473 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4476 const I32 offset = pad_findmy("$_");
4477 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
4478 sv = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv);
4483 iterpflags |= OPpITER_DEF;
4485 if (expr->op_type == OP_RV2AV || expr->op_type == OP_PADAV) {
4486 expr = mod(force_list(scalar(ref(expr, OP_ITER))), OP_GREPSTART);
4487 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4489 else if (expr->op_type == OP_NULL &&
4490 (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) &&
4491 ((BINOP*)expr)->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP)
4493 /* Basically turn for($x..$y) into the same as for($x,$y), but we
4494 * set the STACKED flag to indicate that these values are to be
4495 * treated as min/max values by 'pp_iterinit'.
4497 const UNOP* const flip = (UNOP*)((UNOP*)((BINOP*)expr)->op_first)->op_first;
4498 LOGOP* const range = (LOGOP*) flip->op_first;
4499 OP* const left = range->op_first;
4500 OP* const right = left->op_sibling;
4503 range->op_flags &= ~OPf_KIDS;
4504 range->op_first = NULL;
4506 listop = (LISTOP*)newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, left, right);
4507 listop->op_first->op_next = range->op_next;
4508 left->op_next = range->op_other;
4509 right->op_next = (OP*)listop;
4510 listop->op_next = listop->op_first;
4513 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)listop,'O');
4517 expr = (OP*)(listop);
4519 iterflags |= OPf_STACKED;
4522 expr = mod(force_list(expr), OP_GREPSTART);
4525 loop = (LOOP*)list(convert(OP_ENTERITER, iterflags,
4526 append_elem(OP_LIST, expr, scalar(sv))));
4527 assert(!loop->op_next);
4528 /* for my $x () sets OPpLVAL_INTRO;
4529 * for our $x () sets OPpOUR_INTRO */
4530 loop->op_private = (U8)iterpflags;
4531 #ifdef PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC
4534 NewOp(1234,tmp,1,LOOP);
4535 Copy(loop,tmp,1,LISTOP);
4540 Renew(loop, 1, LOOP);
4542 loop->op_targ = padoff;
4543 wop = newWHILEOP(flags, 1, loop, forline, newOP(OP_ITER, 0), block, cont, 0);
4545 op_getmad(madsv, (OP*)loop, 'v');
4546 PL_copline = forline;
4547 return newSTATEOP(0, label, wop);
4551 Perl_newLOOPEX(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *label)
4556 if (type != OP_GOTO || label->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4557 /* "last()" means "last" */
4558 if (label->op_type == OP_STUB && (label->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
4559 o = newOP(type, OPf_SPECIAL);
4561 o = newPVOP(type, 0, savepv(label->op_type == OP_CONST
4562 ? SvPVx_nolen_const(((SVOP*)label)->op_sv)
4566 op_getmad(label,o,'L');
4572 /* Check whether it's going to be a goto &function */
4573 if (label->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
4574 && !(label->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
4575 label = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod(label, OP_REFGEN));
4576 o = newUNOP(type, OPf_STACKED, label);
4578 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4582 /* if the condition is a literal array or hash
4583 (or @{ ... } etc), make a reference to it.
4586 S_ref_array_or_hash(pTHX_ OP *cond)
4589 && (cond->op_type == OP_RV2AV
4590 || cond->op_type == OP_PADAV
4591 || cond->op_type == OP_RV2HV
4592 || cond->op_type == OP_PADHV))
4594 return newUNOP(OP_REFGEN,
4595 0, mod(cond, OP_REFGEN));
4601 /* These construct the optree fragments representing given()
4604 entergiven and enterwhen are LOGOPs; the op_other pointer
4605 points up to the associated leave op. We need this so we
4606 can put it in the context and make break/continue work.
4607 (Also, of course, pp_enterwhen will jump straight to
4608 op_other if the match fails.)
4613 S_newGIVWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block,
4614 I32 enter_opcode, I32 leave_opcode,
4615 PADOFFSET entertarg)
4621 NewOp(1101, enterop, 1, LOGOP);
4622 enterop->op_type = enter_opcode;
4623 enterop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[enter_opcode];
4624 enterop->op_flags = (U8) OPf_KIDS;
4625 enterop->op_targ = ((entertarg == NOT_IN_PAD) ? 0 : entertarg);
4626 enterop->op_private = 0;
4628 o = newUNOP(leave_opcode, 0, (OP *) enterop);
4631 enterop->op_first = scalar(cond);
4632 cond->op_sibling = block;
4634 o->op_next = LINKLIST(cond);
4635 cond->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
4638 /* This is a default {} block */
4639 enterop->op_first = block;
4640 enterop->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
4642 o->op_next = (OP *) enterop;
4645 CHECKOP(enter_opcode, enterop); /* Currently does nothing, since
4646 entergiven and enterwhen both
4649 enterop->op_next = LINKLIST(block);
4650 block->op_next = enterop->op_other = o;
4655 /* Does this look like a boolean operation? For these purposes
4656 a boolean operation is:
4657 - a subroutine call [*]
4658 - a logical connective
4659 - a comparison operator
4660 - a filetest operator, with the exception of -s -M -A -C
4661 - defined(), exists() or eof()
4662 - /$re/ or $foo =~ /$re/
4664 [*] possibly surprising
4668 S_looks_like_bool(pTHX_ const OP *o)
4671 switch(o->op_type) {
4673 return looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first);
4677 looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first)
4678 && looks_like_bool(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling));
4682 case OP_NOT: case OP_XOR:
4683 /* Note that OP_DOR is not here */
4685 case OP_EQ: case OP_NE: case OP_LT:
4686 case OP_GT: case OP_LE: case OP_GE:
4688 case OP_I_EQ: case OP_I_NE: case OP_I_LT:
4689 case OP_I_GT: case OP_I_LE: case OP_I_GE:
4691 case OP_SEQ: case OP_SNE: case OP_SLT:
4692 case OP_SGT: case OP_SLE: case OP_SGE:
4696 case OP_FTRREAD: case OP_FTRWRITE: case OP_FTREXEC:
4697 case OP_FTEREAD: case OP_FTEWRITE: case OP_FTEEXEC:
4698 case OP_FTIS: case OP_FTEOWNED: case OP_FTROWNED:
4699 case OP_FTZERO: case OP_FTSOCK: case OP_FTCHR:
4700 case OP_FTBLK: case OP_FTFILE: case OP_FTDIR:
4701 case OP_FTPIPE: case OP_FTLINK: case OP_FTSUID:
4702 case OP_FTSGID: case OP_FTSVTX: case OP_FTTTY:
4703 case OP_FTTEXT: case OP_FTBINARY:
4705 case OP_DEFINED: case OP_EXISTS:
4706 case OP_MATCH: case OP_EOF:
4711 /* Detect comparisons that have been optimized away */
4712 if (cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_yes
4713 || cSVOPo->op_sv == &PL_sv_no)
4724 Perl_newGIVENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block, PADOFFSET defsv_off)
4728 return newGIVWHENOP(
4729 ref_array_or_hash(cond),
4731 OP_ENTERGIVEN, OP_LEAVEGIVEN,
4735 /* If cond is null, this is a default {} block */
4737 Perl_newWHENOP(pTHX_ OP *cond, OP *block)
4739 const bool cond_llb = (!cond || looks_like_bool(cond));
4745 cond_op = newBINOP(OP_SMARTMATCH, OPf_SPECIAL,
4747 scalar(ref_array_or_hash(cond)));
4750 return newGIVWHENOP(
4752 append_elem(block->op_type, block, newOP(OP_BREAK, OPf_SPECIAL)),
4753 OP_ENTERWHEN, OP_LEAVEWHEN, 0);
4757 =for apidoc cv_undef
4759 Clear out all the active components of a CV. This can happen either
4760 by an explicit C<undef &foo>, or by the reference count going to zero.
4761 In the former case, we keep the CvOUTSIDE pointer, so that any anonymous
4762 children can still follow the full lexical scope chain.
4768 Perl_cv_undef(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4772 if (CvFILE(cv) && !CvISXSUB(cv)) {
4773 /* for XSUBs CvFILE point directly to static memory; __FILE__ */
4774 Safefree(CvFILE(cv));
4779 if (!CvISXSUB(cv) && CvROOT(cv)) {
4780 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV && CvDEPTH(cv))
4781 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't undef active subroutine");
4784 PAD_SAVE_SETNULLPAD();
4786 op_free(CvROOT(cv));
4791 SvPOK_off((SV*)cv); /* forget prototype */
4796 /* remove CvOUTSIDE unless this is an undef rather than a free */
4797 if (!SvREFCNT(cv) && CvOUTSIDE(cv)) {
4798 if (!CvWEAKOUTSIDE(cv))
4799 SvREFCNT_dec(CvOUTSIDE(cv));
4800 CvOUTSIDE(cv) = NULL;
4803 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*)CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
4806 if (CvISXSUB(cv) && CvXSUB(cv)) {
4809 /* delete all flags except WEAKOUTSIDE */
4810 CvFLAGS(cv) &= CVf_WEAKOUTSIDE;
4814 Perl_cv_ckproto(pTHX_ const CV *cv, const GV *gv, const char *p)
4816 if (((!p != !SvPOK(cv)) || (p && strNE(p, SvPVX_const(cv)))) && ckWARN_d(WARN_PROTOTYPE)) {
4817 SV* const msg = sv_newmortal();
4821 gv_efullname3(name = sv_newmortal(), gv, NULL);
4822 sv_setpv(msg, "Prototype mismatch:");
4824 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " sub %"SVf, name);
4826 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, " (%"SVf")", (const SV *)cv);
4828 sv_catpvs(msg, ": none");
4829 sv_catpvs(msg, " vs ");
4831 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ msg, "(%s)", p);