3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * "A ship then new they built for him/of mithril and of elven glass" --Bilbo
15 /* This file contains the top-level functions that are used to create, use
16 * and destroy a perl interpreter, plus the functions used by XS code to
17 * call back into perl. Note that it does not contain the actual main()
18 * function of the interpreter; that can be found in perlmain.c
23 * Be proud that perl(1) may proclaim:
24 * Setuid Perl scripts are safer than C programs ...
25 * Do not abandon (deprecate) suidperl. Do not advocate C wrappers.
27 * The flow was: perl starts, notices script is suid, execs suidperl with same
28 * arguments; suidperl opens script, checks many things, sets itself with
29 * right UID, execs perl with similar arguments but with script pre-opened on
30 * /dev/fd/xxx; perl checks script is as should be and does work. This was
31 * insecure: see perlsec(1) for many problems with this approach.
33 * The "correct" flow should be: perl starts, opens script and notices it is
34 * suid, checks many things, execs suidperl with similar arguments but with
35 * script on /dev/fd/xxx; suidperl checks script and /dev/fd/xxx object are
36 * same, checks arguments match #! line, sets itself with right UID, execs
37 * perl with same arguments; perl checks many things and does work.
39 * (Opening the script in perl instead of suidperl, we "lose" scripts that
40 * are readable to the target UID but not to the invoker. Where did
41 * unreadable scripts work anyway?)
43 * For now, suidperl and perl are pretty much the same large and cumbersome
44 * program, so suidperl can check its argument list (see comments elsewhere).
47 * Original bug report:
48 * http://bugs.perl.org/index.html?req=bug_id&bug_id=20010322.218
49 * http://rt.perl.org/rt2/Ticket/Display.html?id=6511
50 * Comments and discussion with Debian:
51 * http://bugs.debian.org/203426
52 * http://bugs.debian.org/220486
53 * Debian Security Advisory DSA 431-1 (does not fully fix problem):
54 * http://www.debian.org/security/2004/dsa-431
56 * http://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CAN-2003-0618
57 * Previous versions of this patch sent to perl5-porters:
58 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg71953.html
59 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75245.html
60 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75563.html
61 * http://www.mail-archive.com/perl5-porters@perl.org/msg75635.html
63 Paul Szabo - psz@maths.usyd.edu.au http://www.maths.usyd.edu.au:8000/u/psz/
64 School of Mathematics and Statistics University of Sydney 2006 Australia
68 * Use truthful, neat, specific error messages.
69 * Cannot always hide the truth; security must not depend on doing so.
73 * Use global(?), thread-local fdscript for easier checks.
74 * (I do not understand how we could possibly get a thread race:
75 * do not all threads go through the same initialization? Or in
76 * fact, are not threads started only after we get the script and
77 * so know what to do? Oh well, make things super-safe...)
81 #define PERL_IN_PERL_C
83 #include "patchlevel.h" /* for local_patches */
87 char *nw_get_sitelib(const char *pl);
90 /* XXX If this causes problems, set i_unistd=undef in the hint file. */
107 #if !defined(STANDARD_C) && !defined(HAS_GETENV_PROTOTYPE) && !defined(PERL_MICRO)
108 char *getenv (char *); /* Usually in <stdlib.h> */
111 static I32 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen);
119 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
125 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
126 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
128 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
129 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
132 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
134 MUTEX_INIT(&PL_dollarzero_mutex); \
137 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
141 # define INIT_TLS_AND_INTERP \
143 if (!PL_curinterp) { \
144 PERL_SET_INTERP(my_perl); \
146 PERL_SET_THX(my_perl); \
150 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
152 perl_alloc_using(struct IPerlMem* ipM, struct IPerlMem* ipMS,
153 struct IPerlMem* ipMP, struct IPerlEnv* ipE,
154 struct IPerlStdIO* ipStd, struct IPerlLIO* ipLIO,
155 struct IPerlDir* ipD, struct IPerlSock* ipS,
156 struct IPerlProc* ipP)
158 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
159 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
160 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)(*ipM->pMalloc)(ipM, sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
162 Zero(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
178 =head1 Embedding Functions
180 =for apidoc perl_alloc
182 Allocates a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
190 PerlInterpreter *my_perl;
191 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
195 /* New() needs interpreter, so call malloc() instead */
196 my_perl = (PerlInterpreter*)PerlMem_malloc(sizeof(PerlInterpreter));
199 return ZeroD(my_perl, 1, PerlInterpreter);
201 #endif /* PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
204 =for apidoc perl_construct
206 Initializes a new Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
212 perl_construct(pTHXx)
216 PL_perl_destruct_level = 1;
218 if (PL_perl_destruct_level > 0)
221 /* Init the real globals (and main thread)? */
223 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
224 PL_protect = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_default_protect); /* for exceptions */
227 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling; /* needed by ckWARN, right away */
229 PL_linestr = NEWSV(65,79);
230 sv_upgrade(PL_linestr,SVt_PVIV);
232 if (!SvREADONLY(&PL_sv_undef)) {
233 /* set read-only and try to insure than we wont see REFCNT==0
236 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_undef);
237 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = (~(U32)0)/2;
239 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_no,PL_No);
241 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_no);
242 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = (~(U32)0)/2;
244 sv_setpv(&PL_sv_yes,PL_Yes);
246 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_yes);
247 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = (~(U32)0)/2;
249 SvREADONLY_on(&PL_sv_placeholder);
250 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_placeholder) = (~(U32)0)/2;
253 PL_sighandlerp = Perl_sighandler;
254 PL_pidstatus = newHV();
257 PL_rs = newSVpvn("\n", 1);
262 PL_lex_state = LEX_NOTPARSING;
268 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
270 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
271 PL_localpatches = local_patches; /* For possible -v */
274 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
278 PerlIO_init(aTHX); /* Hook to IO system */
280 PL_fdpid = newAV(); /* for remembering popen pids by fd */
281 PL_modglobal = newHV(); /* pointers to per-interpreter module globals */
282 PL_errors = newSVpvn("",0);
283 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(0), "", 0); /* For regex debugging. */
284 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(1), "", 0); /* ext/re needs these */
285 sv_setpvn(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(2), "", 0); /* even without DEBUGGING. */
287 PL_regex_padav = newAV();
288 av_push(PL_regex_padav,(SV*)newAV()); /* First entry is an array of empty elements */
289 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
291 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
292 Perl_reentrant_init(aTHX);
295 /* Note that strtab is a rather special HV. Assumptions are made
296 about not iterating on it, and not adding tie magic to it.
297 It is properly deallocated in perl_destruct() */
300 HvSHAREKEYS_off(PL_strtab); /* mandatory */
301 hv_ksplit(PL_strtab, 512);
303 #if defined(__DYNAMIC__) && (defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__))
304 _dyld_lookup_and_bind
305 ("__environ", (unsigned long *) &environ_pointer, NULL);
309 # ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
310 PL_origenviron = environ;
314 /* Use sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK) if available, if not
315 * available or if the sysconf() fails, use the HZ. */
316 #if defined(HAS_SYSCONF) && defined(_SC_CLK_TCK)
317 PL_clocktick = sysconf(_SC_CLK_TCK);
318 if (PL_clocktick <= 0)
322 PL_stashcache = newHV();
324 PL_patchlevel = newSVpv(
325 Perl_form(aTHX_ "%d.%d.%d",
328 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION ), 0
335 =for apidoc nothreadhook
337 Stub that provides thread hook for perl_destruct when there are
344 Perl_nothreadhook(pTHX)
350 =for apidoc perl_destruct
352 Shuts down a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
360 volatile int destruct_level; /* 0=none, 1=full, 2=full with checks */
362 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
364 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
366 /* wait for all pseudo-forked children to finish */
367 PERL_WAIT_FOR_CHILDREN;
369 destruct_level = PL_perl_destruct_level;
373 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DESTRUCT_LEVEL"))) {
375 if (destruct_level < i)
382 if(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) {
387 if (PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
388 call_list(PL_scopestack_ix, PL_endav);
394 /* Need to flush since END blocks can produce output */
397 if (CALL_FPTR(PL_threadhook)(aTHX)) {
398 /* Threads hook has vetoed further cleanup */
399 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
402 /* We must account for everything. */
404 /* Destroy the main CV and syntax tree */
406 /* ensure comppad/curpad to refer to main's pad */
407 if (CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv)) {
408 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(CvPADLIST(PL_main_cv), 1);
410 op_free(PL_main_root);
411 PL_main_root = Nullop;
413 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
414 PL_main_start = Nullop;
415 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
419 /* Tell PerlIO we are about to tear things apart in case
420 we have layers which are using resources that should
424 PerlIO_destruct(aTHX);
426 if (PL_sv_objcount) {
428 * Try to destruct global references. We do this first so that the
429 * destructors and destructees still exist. Some sv's might remain.
430 * Non-referenced objects are on their own.
436 /* unhook hooks which will soon be, or use, destroyed data */
437 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_warnhook);
438 PL_warnhook = Nullsv;
439 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_diehook);
442 /* call exit list functions */
443 while (PL_exitlistlen-- > 0)
444 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn(aTHX_ PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr);
446 Safefree(PL_exitlist);
451 if (destruct_level == 0){
453 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
455 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
456 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
457 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
460 /* The exit() function will do everything that needs doing. */
461 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
464 /* jettison our possibly duplicated environment */
465 /* if PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV is defined environ will not have been copied
466 * so we certainly shouldn't free it here
469 #if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY) && !defined(PERL_USE_SAFE_PUTENV)
470 if (environ != PL_origenviron
472 /* only main thread can free environ[0] contents */
473 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
479 for (i = 0; environ[i]; i++)
480 safesysfree(environ[i]);
482 /* Must use safesysfree() when working with environ. */
483 safesysfree(environ);
485 environ = PL_origenviron;
488 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
491 /* the syntax tree is shared between clones
492 * so op_free(PL_main_root) only ReREFCNT_dec's
493 * REGEXPs in the parent interpreter
494 * we need to manually ReREFCNT_dec for the clones
497 I32 i = AvFILLp(PL_regex_padav) + 1;
498 SV **ary = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
502 REGEXP *re = INT2PTR(REGEXP *,SvIVX(resv));
504 if (SvFLAGS(resv) & SVf_BREAK) {
505 /* this is PL_reg_curpm, already freed
506 * flag is set in regexec.c:S_regtry
508 SvFLAGS(resv) &= ~SVf_BREAK;
510 else if(SvREPADTMP(resv)) {
511 SvREPADTMP_off(resv);
518 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_regex_padav);
519 PL_regex_padav = Nullav;
523 SvREFCNT_dec((SV*) PL_stashcache);
524 PL_stashcache = NULL;
526 /* loosen bonds of global variables */
529 (void)PerlIO_close(PL_rsfp);
533 /* Filters for program text */
534 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rsfp_filters);
535 PL_rsfp_filters = Nullav;
538 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
544 PL_doswitches = FALSE;
545 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
546 PL_doextract = FALSE;
547 PL_sawampersand = FALSE; /* must save all match strings */
550 Safefree(PL_inplace);
552 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_patchlevel);
555 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
556 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
561 /* magical thingies */
563 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ofs_sv); /* $, */
566 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv); /* $\ */
569 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs); /* $/ */
572 PL_multiline = 0; /* $* */
573 Safefree(PL_osname); /* $^O */
576 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_statname);
577 PL_statname = Nullsv;
580 /* defgv, aka *_ should be taken care of elsewhere */
582 /* clean up after study() */
583 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
584 PL_lastscream = Nullsv;
585 Safefree(PL_screamfirst);
587 Safefree(PL_screamnext);
591 Safefree(PL_efloatbuf);
592 PL_efloatbuf = Nullch;
595 /* startup and shutdown function lists */
596 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav);
597 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_beginav_save);
598 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_endav);
599 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav);
600 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_checkav_save);
601 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_initav);
603 PL_beginav_save = Nullav;
606 PL_checkav_save = Nullav;
609 /* shortcuts just get cleared */
615 PL_argvoutgv = Nullgv;
617 PL_stderrgv = Nullgv;
618 PL_last_in_gv = Nullgv;
623 PL_DBsingle = Nullsv;
625 PL_DBsignal = Nullsv;
626 PL_DBassertion = Nullsv;
629 PL_debstash = Nullhv;
631 /* reset so print() ends up where we expect */
634 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_argvout_stack);
635 PL_argvout_stack = Nullav;
637 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_modglobal);
638 PL_modglobal = Nullhv;
639 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_preambleav);
640 PL_preambleav = Nullav;
641 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_subname);
643 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_linestr);
645 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_pidstatus);
646 PL_pidstatus = Nullhv;
647 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_toptarget);
648 PL_toptarget = Nullsv;
649 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_bodytarget);
650 PL_bodytarget = Nullsv;
651 PL_formtarget = Nullsv;
653 /* free locale stuff */
654 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
655 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
656 PL_collation_name = Nullch;
659 #ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
660 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
661 PL_numeric_name = Nullch;
662 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
663 PL_numeric_radix_sv = Nullsv;
666 /* clear utf8 character classes */
667 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnum);
668 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alnumc);
669 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_ascii);
670 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_alpha);
671 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_space);
672 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_cntrl);
673 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_graph);
674 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_digit);
675 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_upper);
676 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_lower);
677 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_print);
678 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_punct);
679 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_xdigit);
680 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_mark);
681 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_toupper);
682 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_totitle);
683 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tolower);
684 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_tofold);
685 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idstart);
686 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_utf8_idcont);
687 PL_utf8_alnum = Nullsv;
688 PL_utf8_alnumc = Nullsv;
689 PL_utf8_ascii = Nullsv;
690 PL_utf8_alpha = Nullsv;
691 PL_utf8_space = Nullsv;
692 PL_utf8_cntrl = Nullsv;
693 PL_utf8_graph = Nullsv;
694 PL_utf8_digit = Nullsv;
695 PL_utf8_upper = Nullsv;
696 PL_utf8_lower = Nullsv;
697 PL_utf8_print = Nullsv;
698 PL_utf8_punct = Nullsv;
699 PL_utf8_xdigit = Nullsv;
700 PL_utf8_mark = Nullsv;
701 PL_utf8_toupper = Nullsv;
702 PL_utf8_totitle = Nullsv;
703 PL_utf8_tolower = Nullsv;
704 PL_utf8_tofold = Nullsv;
705 PL_utf8_idstart = Nullsv;
706 PL_utf8_idcont = Nullsv;
708 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
709 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
710 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = Nullsv;
711 if (!specialCopIO(PL_compiling.cop_io))
712 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_io);
713 PL_compiling.cop_io = Nullsv;
714 CopFILE_free(&PL_compiling);
715 CopSTASH_free(&PL_compiling);
717 /* Prepare to destruct main symbol table. */
722 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_curstname);
723 PL_curstname = Nullsv;
725 /* clear queued errors */
726 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_errors);
730 if (destruct_level >= 2 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
731 if (PL_scopestack_ix != 0)
732 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
733 "Unbalanced scopes: %ld more ENTERs than LEAVEs\n",
734 (long)PL_scopestack_ix);
735 if (PL_savestack_ix != 0)
736 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
737 "Unbalanced saves: %ld more saves than restores\n",
738 (long)PL_savestack_ix);
739 if (PL_tmps_floor != -1)
740 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced tmps: %ld more allocs than frees\n",
741 (long)PL_tmps_floor + 1);
742 if (cxstack_ix != -1)
743 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Unbalanced context: %ld more PUSHes than POPs\n",
744 (long)cxstack_ix + 1);
747 /* Now absolutely destruct everything, somehow or other, loops or no. */
748 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out pid table now */
749 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVTYPEMASK; /* don't clean out strtab now */
751 /* the 2 is for PL_fdpid and PL_strtab */
752 while (PL_sv_count > 2 && sv_clean_all())
755 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
756 SvFLAGS(PL_fdpid) |= SVt_PVAV;
757 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
758 SvFLAGS(PL_strtab) |= SVt_PVHV;
760 AvREAL_off(PL_fdpid); /* no surviving entries */
761 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_fdpid); /* needed in io_close() */
764 #ifdef HAVE_INTERP_INTERN
768 /* Destruct the global string table. */
770 /* Yell and reset the HeVAL() slots that are still holding refcounts,
771 * so that sv_free() won't fail on them.
779 max = HvMAX(PL_strtab);
780 array = HvARRAY(PL_strtab);
783 if (hent && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL)) {
784 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
785 "Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for \"%s\"",
786 HeVAL(hent) - Nullsv, HeKEY(hent));
787 HeVAL(hent) = Nullsv;
797 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_strtab);
800 /* free the pointer table used for cloning */
801 ptr_table_free(PL_ptr_table);
802 PL_ptr_table = (PTR_TBL_t*)NULL;
805 /* free special SVs */
807 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
808 sv_clear(&PL_sv_yes);
809 SvANY(&PL_sv_yes) = NULL;
810 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_yes) = 0;
812 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
814 SvANY(&PL_sv_no) = NULL;
815 SvFLAGS(&PL_sv_no) = 0;
819 for (i=0; i<=2; i++) {
820 SvREFCNT(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
821 sv_clear(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i));
822 SvANY(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = NULL;
823 SvFLAGS(PERL_DEBUG_PAD(i)) = 0;
827 if (PL_sv_count != 0 && ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
828 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),"Scalars leaked: %ld\n", (long)PL_sv_count);
830 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
831 if (PL_sv_count != 0) {
836 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
837 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
838 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
839 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
840 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "leaked: 0x%p"
851 #if defined(PERLIO_LAYERS)
852 /* No more IO - including error messages ! */
853 PerlIO_cleanup(aTHX);
856 /* sv_undef needs to stay immortal until after PerlIO_cleanup
857 as currently layers use it rather than Nullsv as a marker
858 for no arg - and will try and SvREFCNT_dec it.
860 SvREFCNT(&PL_sv_undef) = 0;
861 SvREADONLY_off(&PL_sv_undef);
863 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
864 PL_origfilename = Nullch;
865 Safefree(PL_reg_start_tmp);
866 PL_reg_start_tmp = (char**)NULL;
867 PL_reg_start_tmpl = 0;
869 Safefree(PL_reg_curpm);
870 Safefree(PL_reg_poscache);
872 Safefree(PL_op_mask);
873 Safefree(PL_psig_ptr);
874 PL_psig_ptr = (SV**)NULL;
875 Safefree(PL_psig_name);
876 PL_psig_name = (SV**)NULL;
877 Safefree(PL_bitcount);
878 PL_bitcount = Nullch;
879 Safefree(PL_psig_pend);
880 PL_psig_pend = (int*)NULL;
881 PL_formfeed = Nullsv;
886 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
887 PL_hints = 0; /* Reset hints. Should hints be per-interpreter ? */
890 DEBUG_P(debprofdump());
892 #ifdef USE_REENTRANT_API
893 Perl_reentrant_free(aTHX);
898 /* As the absolutely last thing, free the non-arena SV for mess() */
901 /* it could have accumulated taint magic */
902 if (SvTYPE(PL_mess_sv) >= SVt_PVMG) {
905 for (mg = SvMAGIC(PL_mess_sv); mg; mg = moremagic) {
906 moremagic = mg->mg_moremagic;
907 if (mg->mg_ptr && mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_regex_global
909 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
913 /* we know that type >= SVt_PV */
914 (void)SvOOK_off(PL_mess_sv);
915 Safefree(SvPVX(PL_mess_sv));
916 Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv));
917 Safefree(PL_mess_sv);
920 return STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
924 =for apidoc perl_free
926 Releases a Perl interpreter. See L<perlembed>.
934 #if defined(WIN32) || defined(NETWARE)
935 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS)
937 void *host = nw_internal_host;
939 void *host = w32_internal_host;
943 nw_delete_internal_host(host);
945 win32_delete_internal_host(host);
956 Perl_call_atexit(pTHX_ ATEXIT_t fn, void *ptr)
958 Renew(PL_exitlist, PL_exitlistlen+1, PerlExitListEntry);
959 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].fn = fn;
960 PL_exitlist[PL_exitlistlen].ptr = ptr;
965 =for apidoc perl_parse
967 Tells a Perl interpreter to parse a Perl script. See L<perlembed>.
973 perl_parse(pTHXx_ XSINIT_t xsinit, int argc, char **argv, char **env)
978 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
982 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
985 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl is no longer needed since the kernel can now execute\n\
986 setuid perl scripts securely.\n");
990 #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT)
991 /* [perl #22371] Algorimic Complexity Attack on Perl 5.6.1, 5.8.0
992 * This MUST be done before any hash stores or fetches take place.
993 * If you set PL_rehash_seed (and assumedly also PL_rehash_seed_set)
994 * yourself, it is your responsibility to provide a good random seed!
995 * You can also define PERL_HASH_SEED in compile time, see hv.h. */
996 if (!PL_rehash_seed_set)
997 PL_rehash_seed = get_hash_seed();
999 char *s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_HASH_SEED_DEBUG");
1005 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "HASH_SEED = %"UVuf"\n",
1009 #endif /* #if defined(USE_HASH_SEED) || defined(USE_HASH_SEED_EXPLICIT) */
1015 /* Set PL_origalen be the sum of the contiguous argv[]
1016 * elements plus the size of the env in case that it is
1017 * contiguous with the argv[]. This is used in mg.c:Perl_magic_set()
1018 * as the maximum modifiable length of $0. In the worst case
1019 * the area we are able to modify is limited to the size of
1020 * the original argv[0]. (See below for 'contiguous', though.)
1025 ~(UV)(PTRSIZE == 4 ? 3 : PTRSIZE == 8 ? 7 : PTRSIZE == 16 ? 15 : 0);
1026 /* Do the mask check only if the args seem like aligned. */
1028 (mask < ~(UV)0) && ((PTR2UV(argv[0]) & mask) == PTR2UV(argv[0]));
1030 /* See if all the arguments are contiguous in memory. Note
1031 * that 'contiguous' is a loose term because some platforms
1032 * align the argv[] and the envp[]. If the arguments look
1033 * like non-aligned, assume that they are 'strictly' or
1034 * 'traditionally' contiguous. If the arguments look like
1035 * aligned, we just check that they are within aligned
1036 * PTRSIZE bytes. As long as no system has something bizarre
1037 * like the argv[] interleaved with some other data, we are
1038 * fine. (Did I just evoke Murphy's Law?) --jhi */
1039 if (PL_origargv && PL_origargc >= 1 && (s = PL_origargv[0])) {
1041 for (i = 1; i < PL_origargc; i++) {
1042 if ((PL_origargv[i] == s + 1
1044 || PL_origargv[i] == s + 2
1049 (PL_origargv[i] > s &&
1051 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1061 /* Can we grab env area too to be used as the area for $0? */
1062 if (PL_origenviron) {
1063 if ((PL_origenviron[0] == s + 1
1065 || (PL_origenviron[0] == s + 9 && (s += 8))
1070 (PL_origenviron[0] > s &&
1071 PL_origenviron[0] <=
1072 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1076 s = PL_origenviron[0];
1079 my_setenv("NoNe SuCh", Nullch);
1080 /* Force copy of environment. */
1081 for (i = 1; PL_origenviron[i]; i++) {
1082 if (PL_origenviron[i] == s + 1
1085 (PL_origenviron[i] > s &&
1086 PL_origenviron[i] <=
1087 INT2PTR(char *, PTR2UV(s + PTRSIZE) & mask)))
1090 s = PL_origenviron[i];
1098 PL_origalen = s - PL_origargv[0] + 1;
1103 /* Come here if running an undumped a.out. */
1105 PL_origfilename = savepv(argv[0]);
1106 PL_do_undump = FALSE;
1107 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start label stack again */
1109 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1114 op_free(PL_main_root);
1115 PL_main_root = Nullop;
1117 PL_main_start = Nullop;
1118 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_main_cv);
1119 PL_main_cv = Nullcv;
1122 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1123 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_OFF;
1125 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1126 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vparse_body), env, xsinit);
1132 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1133 parse_body(env,xsinit);
1136 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1143 /* my_exit() was called */
1144 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1147 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1149 call_list(oldscope, PL_checkav);
1150 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1153 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: top_env\n");
1161 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1163 S_vparse_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1165 char **env = va_arg(args, char**);
1166 XSINIT_t xsinit = va_arg(args, XSINIT_t);
1168 return parse_body(env, xsinit);
1173 S_parse_body(pTHX_ char **env, XSINIT_t xsinit)
1175 int argc = PL_origargc;
1176 char **argv = PL_origargv;
1177 char *scriptname = NULL;
1178 VOL bool dosearch = FALSE;
1179 char *validarg = "";
1182 char *cddir = Nullch;
1186 sv_setpvn(PL_linestr,"",0);
1187 sv = newSVpvn("",0); /* first used for -I flags */
1191 for (argc--,argv++; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
1192 if (argv[0][0] != '-' || !argv[0][1])
1196 validarg = " PHOOEY ";
1200 * Can we rely on the kernel to start scripts with argv[1] set to
1201 * contain all #! line switches (the whole line)? (argv[0] is set to
1202 * the interpreter name, argv[2] to the script name; argv[3] and
1203 * above may contain other arguments.)
1210 #ifndef PERL_STRICT_CR
1235 if ((s = moreswitches(s)))
1240 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('t');
1241 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1242 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1248 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1250 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1255 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1256 /* ignore -e for Dev:Pseudo argument */
1257 if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "Dev:Pseudo"))
1262 PL_e_script = newSVpvn("",0);
1263 filter_add(read_e_script, NULL);
1266 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, s);
1268 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, argv[1]);
1272 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No code specified for -e");
1273 sv_catpv(PL_e_script, "\n");
1276 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in moreswitches() */
1278 if (!*++s && (s=argv[1]) != Nullch) {
1283 STRLEN len = strlen(s);
1284 p = savepvn(s, len);
1285 incpush(p, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
1286 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
1287 sv_catpvn(sv, p, len);
1288 sv_catpvn(sv, " ", 1);
1292 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
1296 PL_preprocess = TRUE;
1306 PL_preambleav = newAV();
1307 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpv("use Config qw(myconfig config_vars)",0));
1309 PL_Sv = newSVpv("print myconfig();",0);
1311 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this PERLSHR image: \\n\",");
1313 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"print \"\\nCharacteristics of this binary (from libperl): \\n\",");
1315 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Compile-time options:");
1317 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," DEBUGGING");
1319 # ifdef MULTIPLICITY
1320 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," MULTIPLICITY");
1322 # ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1323 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_5005THREADS");
1325 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
1326 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_ITHREADS");
1328 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_INT
1329 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_INT");
1331 # ifdef USE_64_BIT_ALL
1332 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_64_BIT_ALL");
1334 # ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
1335 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LONG_DOUBLE");
1337 # ifdef USE_LARGE_FILES
1338 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_LARGE_FILES");
1341 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," USE_SOCKS");
1343 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
1344 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT");
1346 # ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
1347 sv_catpv(PL_Sv," PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS");
1349 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\\n\",");
1351 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
1352 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0) {
1354 sv_catpv(PL_Sv,"\" Locally applied patches:\\n\",");
1355 for (i = 1; i <= LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT; i++) {
1356 if (PL_localpatches[i])
1357 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"q%c\t%s\n%c,",
1358 0, PL_localpatches[i], 0);
1362 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,"\" Built under %s\\n\"",OSNAME);
1365 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled at %s %s\\n\"",__DATE__,__TIME__);
1367 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ PL_Sv,",\" Compiled on %s\\n\"",__DATE__);
1370 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "; \
1372 @env = map { \"$_=\\\"$ENV{$_}\\\"\" } sort grep {/^PERL/} keys %ENV; ");
1375 push @env, \"CYGWIN=\\\"$ENV{CYGWIN}\\\"\";");
1378 print \" \\%ENV:\\n @env\\n\" if @env; \
1379 print \" \\@INC:\\n @INC\\n\";");
1382 PL_Sv = newSVpv("config_vars(qw(",0);
1383 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, ++s);
1384 sv_catpv(PL_Sv, "))");
1387 av_push(PL_preambleav, PL_Sv);
1388 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1391 PL_doextract = TRUE;
1399 if (!*++s || isSPACE(*s)) {
1403 /* catch use of gnu style long options */
1404 if (strEQ(s, "version")) {
1408 if (strEQ(s, "help")) {
1415 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options)",s);
1421 #ifndef SECURE_INTERNAL_GETENV
1424 (s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5OPT")))
1429 if (*s == '-' && *(s+1) == 'T') {
1430 CHECK_MALLOC_TOO_LATE_FOR('T');
1432 PL_taint_warn = FALSE;
1435 char *popt_copy = Nullch;
1448 if (!strchr("DIMUdmtwA", *s))
1449 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c", *s);
1453 popt_copy = SvPVX(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(popt,0)));
1454 s = popt_copy + (s - popt);
1455 d = popt_copy + (d - popt);
1462 if( !PL_tainting ) {
1463 PL_taint_warn = TRUE;
1473 if (PL_taint_warn && PL_dowarn != G_WARN_ALL_OFF) {
1474 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = newSVpvn(WARN_TAINTstring, WARNsize);
1478 scriptname = argv[0];
1481 scriptname = BIT_BUCKET; /* don't look for script or read stdin */
1483 else if (scriptname == Nullch) {
1485 if ( PerlLIO_isatty(PerlIO_fileno(PerlIO_stdin())) )
1493 open_script(scriptname,dosearch,sv);
1495 validate_suid(validarg, scriptname);
1498 #if defined(SIGCHLD) || defined(SIGCLD)
1501 # define SIGCHLD SIGCLD
1503 Sighandler_t sigstate = rsignal_state(SIGCHLD);
1504 if (sigstate == SIG_IGN) {
1505 if (ckWARN(WARN_SIGNAL))
1506 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SIGNAL),
1507 "Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default");
1508 (void)rsignal(SIGCHLD, (Sighandler_t)SIG_DFL);
1514 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1515 if (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
1520 if (cddir && PerlDir_chdir(cddir) < 0)
1521 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't chdir to %s",cddir);
1525 PL_main_cv = PL_compcv = (CV*)NEWSV(1104,0);
1526 sv_upgrade((SV *)PL_compcv, SVt_PVCV);
1527 CvUNIQUE_on(PL_compcv);
1529 CvPADLIST(PL_compcv) = pad_new(0);
1530 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1531 CvOWNER(PL_compcv) = 0;
1532 New(666, CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv), 1, perl_mutex);
1533 MUTEX_INIT(CvMUTEXP(PL_compcv));
1534 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1537 boot_core_UNIVERSAL();
1538 boot_core_xsutils();
1541 (*xsinit)(aTHX); /* in case linked C routines want magical variables */
1543 #if defined(VMS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(DJGPP) || defined(__CYGWIN__) || defined(EPOC)
1549 # ifdef HAS_SOCKS5_INIT
1550 socks5_init(argv[0]);
1556 init_predump_symbols();
1557 /* init_postdump_symbols not currently designed to be called */
1558 /* more than once (ENV isn't cleared first, for example) */
1559 /* But running with -u leaves %ENV & @ARGV undefined! XXX */
1561 init_postdump_symbols(argc,argv,env);
1563 /* PL_unicode is turned on by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}.
1564 * PL_utf8locale is conditionally turned on by
1565 * locale.c:Perl_init_i18nl10n() if the environment
1566 * look like the user wants to use UTF-8. */
1568 /* Requires init_predump_symbols(). */
1569 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
1574 /* Turn on UTF-8-ness on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR
1575 * and the default open disciplines. */
1576 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDIN_FLAG) &&
1577 PL_stdingv && (io = GvIO(PL_stdingv)) &&
1579 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1580 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDOUT_FLAG) &&
1581 PL_defoutgv && (io = GvIO(PL_defoutgv)) &&
1583 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1584 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_STDERR_FLAG) &&
1585 PL_stderrgv && (io = GvIO(PL_stderrgv)) &&
1587 PerlIO_binmode(aTHX_ fp, IoTYPE(io), 0, ":utf8");
1588 if ((PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_INOUT_FLAG) &&
1589 (sv = GvSV(gv_fetchpv("\017PEN", TRUE, SVt_PV)))) {
1590 U32 in = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_IN_FLAG;
1591 U32 out = PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_OUT_FLAG;
1594 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0:utf8", 11);
1596 sv_setpvn(sv, ":utf8\0", 6);
1599 sv_setpvn(sv, "\0:utf8", 6);
1605 if ((s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SIGNALS"))) {
1606 if (strEQ(s, "unsafe"))
1607 PL_signals |= PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1608 else if (strEQ(s, "safe"))
1609 PL_signals &= ~PERL_SIGNALS_UNSAFE_FLAG;
1611 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "PERL_SIGNALS illegal: \"%s\"", s);
1616 /* now parse the script */
1618 SETERRNO(0,SS_NORMAL);
1620 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1621 if (gMacPerl_SyntaxError = (yyparse() || PL_error_count)) {
1623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1625 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1626 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1630 if (yyparse() || PL_error_count) {
1632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s had compilation errors.\n", PL_origfilename);
1634 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors.\n",
1639 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, 0);
1640 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1641 PL_preprocess = FALSE;
1643 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
1644 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
1651 SAVECOPFILE(PL_curcop);
1652 SAVECOPLINE(PL_curcop);
1653 gv_check(PL_defstash);
1660 if ((s=PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS")) && atoi(s) >= 2)
1661 dump_mstats("after compilation:");
1670 =for apidoc perl_run
1672 Tells a Perl interpreter to run. See L<perlembed>.
1683 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1687 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
1692 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1694 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vrun_body), oldscope);
1700 cxstack_ix = -1; /* start context stack again */
1702 case 0: /* normal completion */
1703 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1708 case 2: /* my_exit() */
1709 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
1712 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
1713 if (!(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_DESTRUCT_END) &&
1714 PL_endav && !PL_minus_c)
1715 call_list(oldscope, PL_endav);
1717 if (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_MSTATS"))
1718 dump_mstats("after execution: ");
1720 ret = STATUS_NATIVE_EXPORT;
1724 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
1727 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
1737 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
1739 S_vrun_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
1741 I32 oldscope = va_arg(args, I32);
1743 return run_body(oldscope);
1749 S_run_body(pTHX_ I32 oldscope)
1751 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s $` $& $' support.\n",
1752 PL_sawampersand ? "Enabling" : "Omitting"));
1754 if (!PL_restartop) {
1755 DEBUG_x(dump_all());
1757 PERL_DEBUG(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\nEXECUTING...\n\n"));
1758 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "main thread is 0x%"UVxf"\n",
1762 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
1763 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s%s syntax OK\n",
1764 (gMacPerl_ErrorFormat ? "# " : ""),
1765 MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
1767 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "%s syntax OK\n", PL_origfilename);
1771 if (PERLDB_SINGLE && PL_DBsingle)
1772 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 1);
1774 call_list(oldscope, PL_initav);
1780 PL_op = PL_restartop;
1784 else if (PL_main_start) {
1785 CvDEPTH(PL_main_cv) = 1;
1786 PL_op = PL_main_start;
1796 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
1798 =for apidoc p||get_sv
1800 Returns the SV of the specified Perl scalar. If C<create> is set and the
1801 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1802 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1808 Perl_get_sv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1811 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
1812 if (name[1] == '\0' && !isALPHA(name[0])) {
1813 PADOFFSET tmp = find_threadsv(name);
1814 if (tmp != NOT_IN_PAD)
1815 return THREADSV(tmp);
1817 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
1818 gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PV);
1825 =head1 Array Manipulation Functions
1827 =for apidoc p||get_av
1829 Returns the AV of the specified Perl array. If C<create> is set and the
1830 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1831 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1837 Perl_get_av(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1839 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVAV);
1848 =head1 Hash Manipulation Functions
1850 =for apidoc p||get_hv
1852 Returns the HV of the specified Perl hash. If C<create> is set and the
1853 Perl variable does not exist then it will be created. If C<create> is not
1854 set and the variable does not exist then NULL is returned.
1860 Perl_get_hv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1862 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVHV);
1871 =head1 CV Manipulation Functions
1873 =for apidoc p||get_cv
1875 Returns the CV of the specified Perl subroutine. If C<create> is set and
1876 the Perl subroutine does not exist then it will be declared (which has the
1877 same effect as saying C<sub name;>). If C<create> is not set and the
1878 subroutine does not exist then NULL is returned.
1884 Perl_get_cv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1886 GV* gv = gv_fetchpv(name, create, SVt_PVCV);
1887 /* XXX unsafe for threads if eval_owner isn't held */
1888 /* XXX this is probably not what they think they're getting.
1889 * It has the same effect as "sub name;", i.e. just a forward
1891 if (create && !GvCVu(gv))
1892 return newSUB(start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
1893 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(name,0)),
1901 /* Be sure to refetch the stack pointer after calling these routines. */
1905 =head1 Callback Functions
1907 =for apidoc p||call_argv
1909 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1915 Perl_call_argv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags, register char **argv)
1917 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1918 /* null terminated arg list */
1925 XPUSHs(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(*argv,0)));
1930 return call_pv(sub_name, flags);
1934 =for apidoc p||call_pv
1936 Performs a callback to the specified Perl sub. See L<perlcall>.
1942 Perl_call_pv(pTHX_ const char *sub_name, I32 flags)
1943 /* name of the subroutine */
1944 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1946 return call_sv((SV*)get_cv(sub_name, TRUE), flags);
1950 =for apidoc p||call_method
1952 Performs a callback to the specified Perl method. The blessed object must
1953 be on the stack. See L<perlcall>.
1959 Perl_call_method(pTHX_ const char *methname, I32 flags)
1960 /* name of the subroutine */
1961 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1963 return call_sv(sv_2mortal(newSVpv(methname,0)), flags | G_METHOD);
1966 /* May be called with any of a CV, a GV, or an SV containing the name. */
1968 =for apidoc p||call_sv
1970 Performs a callback to the Perl sub whose name is in the SV. See
1977 Perl_call_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1978 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
1981 LOGOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
1984 volatile I32 retval = 0;
1986 bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
1991 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
1996 Zero(&myop, 1, LOGOP);
1997 myop.op_next = Nullop;
1998 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
1999 myop.op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2000 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2001 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2006 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2007 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2009 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2011 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash
2012 /* Handle first BEGIN of -d. */
2013 && (PL_DBcv || (PL_DBcv = GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2014 /* Try harder, since this may have been a sighandler, thus
2015 * curstash may be meaningless. */
2016 && (SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_PVCV || CvSTASH((CV*)sv) != PL_debstash)
2017 && !(flags & G_NODEBUG))
2018 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2020 if (flags & G_METHOD) {
2021 Zero(&method_op, 1, UNOP);
2022 method_op.op_next = PL_op;
2023 method_op.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_METHOD];
2024 myop.op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB];
2025 PL_op = (OP*)&method_op;
2028 if (!(flags & G_EVAL)) {
2030 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2031 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2032 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2035 myop.op_other = (OP*)&myop;
2037 /* we're trying to emulate pp_entertry() here */
2039 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2040 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2045 PUSHBLOCK(cx, (CXt_EVAL|CXp_TRYBLOCK), PL_stack_sp);
2047 PL_eval_root = PL_op; /* Only needed so that goto works right. */
2049 PL_in_eval = EVAL_INEVAL;
2050 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2051 PL_in_eval |= EVAL_KEEPERR;
2057 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2059 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2066 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2068 call_body((OP*)&myop, FALSE);
2070 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2071 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2078 /* my_exit() was called */
2079 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2082 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2083 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2088 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2092 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2093 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2097 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2102 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope) {
2106 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
2117 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2118 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2127 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2129 S_vcall_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
2131 OP *myop = va_arg(args, OP*);
2132 int is_eval = va_arg(args, int);
2134 call_body(myop, is_eval);
2140 S_call_body(pTHX_ OP *myop, int is_eval)
2142 if (PL_op == myop) {
2144 PL_op = Perl_pp_entereval(aTHX); /* this doesn't do a POPMARK */
2146 PL_op = Perl_pp_entersub(aTHX); /* this does */
2152 /* Eval a string. The G_EVAL flag is always assumed. */
2155 =for apidoc p||eval_sv
2157 Tells Perl to C<eval> the string in the SV.
2163 Perl_eval_sv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
2165 /* See G_* flags in cop.h */
2168 UNOP myop; /* fake syntax tree node */
2169 volatile I32 oldmark = SP - PL_stack_base;
2170 volatile I32 retval = 0;
2176 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2183 Zero(PL_op, 1, UNOP);
2184 EXTEND(PL_stack_sp, 1);
2185 *++PL_stack_sp = sv;
2186 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2188 if (!(flags & G_NOARGS))
2189 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2190 myop.op_next = Nullop;
2191 myop.op_type = OP_ENTEREVAL;
2192 myop.op_flags |= ((flags & G_VOID) ? OPf_WANT_VOID :
2193 (flags & G_ARRAY) ? OPf_WANT_LIST :
2195 if (flags & G_KEEPERR)
2196 myop.op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
2198 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2200 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_body),
2207 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
2209 call_body((OP*)&myop,TRUE);
2211 retval = PL_stack_sp - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
2212 if (!(flags & G_KEEPERR))
2219 /* my_exit() was called */
2220 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2223 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED))
2224 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Callback called exit");
2229 PL_op = PL_restartop;
2233 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2234 if (flags & G_ARRAY)
2238 *++PL_stack_sp = &PL_sv_undef;
2244 if (flags & G_DISCARD) {
2245 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
2255 =for apidoc p||eval_pv
2257 Tells Perl to C<eval> the given string and return an SV* result.
2263 Perl_eval_pv(pTHX_ const char *p, I32 croak_on_error)
2266 SV* sv = newSVpv(p, 0);
2268 eval_sv(sv, G_SCALAR);
2275 if (croak_on_error && SvTRUE(ERRSV)) {
2277 Perl_croak(aTHX_ SvPVx(ERRSV, n_a));
2283 /* Require a module. */
2286 =head1 Embedding Functions
2288 =for apidoc p||require_pv
2290 Tells Perl to C<require> the file named by the string argument. It is
2291 analogous to the Perl code C<eval "require '$file'">. It's even
2292 implemented that way; consider using load_module instead.
2297 Perl_require_pv(pTHX_ const char *pv)
2301 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_REQUIRE);
2303 sv = sv_newmortal();
2304 sv_setpv(sv, "require '");
2307 eval_sv(sv, G_DISCARD);
2313 Perl_magicname(pTHX_ char *sym, char *name, I32 namlen)
2317 if ((gv = gv_fetchpv(sym,TRUE, SVt_PV)))
2318 sv_magic(GvSV(gv), (SV*)gv, PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, namlen);
2322 S_usage(pTHX_ char *name) /* XXX move this out into a module ? */
2324 /* This message really ought to be max 23 lines.
2325 * Removed -h because the user already knows that option. Others? */
2327 static char *usage_msg[] = {
2328 "-0[octal] specify record separator (\\0, if no argument)",
2329 "-a autosplit mode with -n or -p (splits $_ into @F)",
2330 "-C[number/list] enables the listed Unicode features",
2331 "-c check syntax only (runs BEGIN and CHECK blocks)",
2332 "-d[:debugger] run program under debugger",
2333 "-D[number/list] set debugging flags (argument is a bit mask or alphabets)",
2334 "-e program one line of program (several -e's allowed, omit programfile)",
2335 "-F/pattern/ split() pattern for -a switch (//'s are optional)",
2336 "-i[extension] edit <> files in place (makes backup if extension supplied)",
2337 "-Idirectory specify @INC/#include directory (several -I's allowed)",
2338 "-l[octal] enable line ending processing, specifies line terminator",
2339 "-[mM][-]module execute `use/no module...' before executing program",
2340 "-n assume 'while (<>) { ... }' loop around program",
2341 "-p assume loop like -n but print line also, like sed",
2342 "-P run program through C preprocessor before compilation",
2343 "-s enable rudimentary parsing for switches after programfile",
2344 "-S look for programfile using PATH environment variable",
2345 "-t enable tainting warnings",
2346 "-T enable tainting checks",
2347 "-u dump core after parsing program",
2348 "-U allow unsafe operations",
2349 "-v print version, subversion (includes VERY IMPORTANT perl info)",
2350 "-V[:variable] print configuration summary (or a single Config.pm variable)",
2351 "-w enable many useful warnings (RECOMMENDED)",
2352 "-W enable all warnings",
2353 "-x[directory] strip off text before #!perl line and perhaps cd to directory",
2354 "-X disable all warnings",
2358 char **p = usage_msg;
2360 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2361 "\nUsage: %s [switches] [--] [programfile] [arguments]",
2364 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "\n %s", *p++);
2367 /* convert a string of -D options (or digits) into an int.
2368 * sets *s to point to the char after the options */
2372 Perl_get_debug_opts(pTHX_ char **s)
2374 static char *usage_msgd[] = {
2375 " Debugging flag values: (see also -d)",
2376 " p Tokenizing and parsing (with v, displays parse stack)",
2377 " s Stack snapshots. with v, displays all stacks",
2378 " l Context (loop) stack processing",
2379 " t Trace execution",
2380 " o Method and overloading resolution",
2381 " c String/numeric conversions",
2382 " P Print profiling info, preprocessor command for -P, source file input state",
2383 " m Memory allocation",
2384 " f Format processing",
2385 " r Regular expression parsing and execution",
2386 " x Syntax tree dump",
2387 " u Tainting checks (Obsolete, previously used for LEAKTEST)",
2388 " H Hash dump -- usurps values()",
2389 " X Scratchpad allocation",
2391 " S Thread synchronization",
2393 " R Include reference counts of dumped variables (eg when using -Ds)",
2394 " J Do not s,t,P-debug (Jump over) opcodes within package DB",
2395 " v Verbose: use in conjunction with other flags",
2397 " A Consistency checks on internal structures",
2398 " q quiet - currently only suppressed the 'EXECUTING' message",
2403 /* if adding extra options, remember to update DEBUG_MASK */
2404 static char debopts[] = "psltocPmfrxu HXDSTRJvCAq";
2406 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) {
2407 char *d = strchr(debopts,**s);
2409 i |= 1 << (d - debopts);
2410 else if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2411 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2412 "invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices\n", **s);
2415 else if (isDIGIT(**s)) {
2417 for (; isALNUM(**s); (*s)++) ;
2420 char **p = usage_msgd;
2421 while (*p) PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(), "%s\n", *p++);
2424 if ((i & DEBUG_p_FLAG) && ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2425 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2426 "-Dp not implemented on this platform\n");
2432 /* This routine handles any switches that can be given during run */
2435 Perl_moreswitches(pTHX_ char *s)
2445 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_rs);
2446 if (s[1] == 'x' && s[2]) {
2450 for (s += 2, e = s; *e; e++);
2452 flags = PERL_SCAN_SILENT_ILLDIGIT;
2453 rschar = (U32)grok_hex(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2454 if (s + numlen < e) {
2455 rschar = 0; /* Grandfather -0xFOO as -0 -xFOO. */
2459 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2460 SvGROW(PL_rs, (STRLEN)(UNISKIP(rschar) + 1));
2461 tmps = (U8*)SvPVX(PL_rs);
2462 uvchr_to_utf8(tmps, rschar);
2463 SvCUR_set(PL_rs, UNISKIP(rschar));
2468 rschar = (U32)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2469 if (rschar & ~((U8)~0))
2470 PL_rs = &PL_sv_undef;
2471 else if (!rschar && numlen >= 2)
2472 PL_rs = newSVpvn("", 0);
2474 char ch = (char)rschar;
2475 PL_rs = newSVpvn(&ch, 1);
2478 sv_setsv(get_sv("/", TRUE), PL_rs);
2483 PL_unicode = parse_unicode_opts(&s);
2488 while (*s && !isSPACE(*s)) ++s;
2490 PL_splitstr = savepv(PL_splitstr);
2503 /* The following permits -d:Mod to accepts arguments following an =
2504 in the fashion that -MSome::Mod does. */
2505 if (*s == ':' || *s == '=') {
2508 sv = newSVpv("use Devel::", 0);
2510 /* We now allow -d:Module=Foo,Bar */
2511 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2513 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2515 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2516 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q{");
2521 my_setenv("PERL5DB", SvPV(sv, PL_na));
2524 PL_perldb = PERLDB_ALL;
2533 PL_debug = get_debug_opts(&s) | DEBUG_TOP_FLAG;
2534 #else /* !DEBUGGING */
2535 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_DEBUGGING))
2536 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEBUGGING),
2537 "Recompile perl with -DDEBUGGING to use -D switch (did you mean -d ?)\n");
2538 for (s++; isALNUM(*s); s++) ;
2544 usage(PL_origargv[0]);
2548 Safefree(PL_inplace);
2549 #if defined(__CYGWIN__) /* do backup extension automagically */
2550 if (*(s+1) == '\0') {
2551 PL_inplace = savepv(".bak");
2554 #endif /* __CYGWIN__ */
2555 PL_inplace = savepv(s+1);
2557 for (s = PL_inplace; *s && !isSPACE(*s); s++) ;
2560 if (*s == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2564 case 'I': /* -I handled both here and in parse_body() */
2567 while (*s && isSPACE(*s))
2572 /* ignore trailing spaces (possibly followed by other switches) */
2574 for (e = p; *e && !isSPACE(*e); e++) ;
2578 } while (*p && *p != '-');
2579 e = savepvn(s, e-s);
2580 incpush(e, TRUE, TRUE, FALSE);
2587 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No directory specified for -I");
2593 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_ors_sv);
2598 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n",1);
2599 numlen = 3 + (*s == '0');
2600 *SvPVX(PL_ors_sv) = (char)grok_oct(s, &numlen, &flags, NULL);
2604 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
2605 PL_ors_sv = newSVpvn("\n\n",2);
2608 PL_ors_sv = newSVsv(PL_rs);
2615 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2617 SV *sv = newSVpv("use assertions::activate split(/,/,q", 0);
2618 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2620 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2622 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2625 av_push(PL_preambleav, newSVpvn("use assertions::activate",24));
2628 forbid_setid("-M"); /* XXX ? */
2631 forbid_setid("-m"); /* XXX ? */
2636 /* -M-foo == 'no foo' */
2637 if (*s == '-') { use = "no "; ++s; }
2638 sv = newSVpv(use,0);
2640 /* We allow -M'Module qw(Foo Bar)' */
2641 while(isALNUM(*s) || *s==':') ++s;
2643 sv_catpv(sv, start);
2644 if (*(start-1) == 'm') {
2646 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' after -mname", *s);
2647 sv_catpv( sv, " ()");
2651 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name required with -%c option",
2653 sv_catpvn(sv, start, s-start);
2654 sv_catpv(sv, " split(/,/,q");
2655 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 1); /* Use NUL as q//-delimiter. */
2657 sv_catpvn(sv, "\0)", 2);
2661 PL_preambleav = newAV();
2662 av_push(PL_preambleav, sv);
2665 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No space allowed after -%c", *(s-1));
2677 PL_doswitches = TRUE;
2691 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2692 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Believe me, you don't want to use \"-u\" on a Macintosh");
2694 PL_do_undump = TRUE;
2702 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2703 (void *)upg_version(PL_patchlevel);
2705 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2706 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_ built for %s",
2707 vstringify(PL_patchlevel),
2710 /* Adjust verbose output as in the perl that ships with the DG/UX OS from EMC */
2711 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2712 Perl_form(aTHX_ "\nThis is perl, v%_\n",
2713 vstringify(PL_patchlevel)));
2714 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2715 Perl_form(aTHX_ " built under %s at %s %s\n",
2716 OSNAME, __DATE__, __TIME__));
2717 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2718 Perl_form(aTHX_ " OS Specific Release: %s\n",
2722 #if defined(LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT)
2723 if (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT > 0)
2724 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2725 "\n(with %d registered patch%s, "
2726 "see perl -V for more detail)",
2727 (int)LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT,
2728 (LOCAL_PATCH_COUNT!=1) ? "es" : "");
2731 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2732 "\n\nCopyright 1987-2004, Larry Wall\n");
2733 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
2734 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2735 "\nMac OS port Copyright 1991-2002, Matthias Neeracher;\n"
2736 "maintained by Chris Nandor\n");
2739 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2740 "\nMS-DOS port Copyright (c) 1989, 1990, Diomidis Spinellis\n");
2743 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2744 "djgpp v2 port (jpl5003c) by Hirofumi Watanabe, 1996\n"
2745 "djgpp v2 port (perl5004+) by Laszlo Molnar, 1997-1999\n");
2748 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2749 "\n\nOS/2 port Copyright (c) 1990, 1991, Raymond Chen, Kai Uwe Rommel\n"
2750 "Version 5 port Copyright (c) 1994-2002, Andreas Kaiser, Ilya Zakharevich\n");
2753 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2754 "atariST series port, ++jrb bammi@cadence.com\n");
2757 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2758 "BeOS port Copyright Tom Spindler, 1997-1999\n");
2761 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2762 "MPE/iX port Copyright by Mark Klein and Mark Bixby, 1996-2003\n");
2765 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2766 "MVS (OS390) port by Mortice Kern Systems, 1997-1999\n");
2769 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2770 "Stratus VOS port by Paul.Green@stratus.com, 1997-2002\n");
2773 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2774 "VM/ESA port by Neale Ferguson, 1998-1999\n");
2777 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2778 "BS2000 (POSIX) port by Start Amadeus GmbH, 1998-1999\n");
2781 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2782 "MiNT port by Guido Flohr, 1997-1999\n");
2785 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2786 "EPOC port by Olaf Flebbe, 1999-2002\n");
2789 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"WINCE port by Rainer Keuchel, 2001-2002\n");
2790 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),"Built on " __DATE__ " " __TIME__ "\n\n");
2793 #ifdef BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE
2794 BINARY_BUILD_NOTICE;
2796 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stdout(),
2798 Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the\n\
2799 GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.\n\n\
2800 Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on\n\
2801 this system using `man perl' or `perldoc perl'. If you have access to the\n\
2802 Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.com/, the Perl Home Page.\n\n");
2805 if (! (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ALL_MASK))
2806 PL_dowarn |= G_WARN_ON;
2810 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_ON|G_WARN_ON;
2811 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2812 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2813 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_ALL ;
2817 PL_dowarn = G_WARN_ALL_OFF;
2818 if (!specialWARN(PL_compiling.cop_warnings))
2819 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2820 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = pWARN_NONE ;
2825 if (s[1] == '-') /* Additional switches on #! line. */
2830 #if defined(WIN32) || !defined(PERL_STRICT_CR)
2836 #ifdef ALTERNATE_SHEBANG
2837 case 'S': /* OS/2 needs -S on "extproc" line. */
2845 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't emulate -%.1s on #! line",s);
2850 /* compliments of Tom Christiansen */
2852 /* unexec() can be found in the Gnu emacs distribution */
2853 /* Known to work with -DUNEXEC and using unexelf.c from GNU emacs-20.2 */
2856 Perl_my_unexec(pTHX)
2864 prog = newSVpv(BIN_EXP, 0);
2865 sv_catpv(prog, "/perl");
2866 file = newSVpv(PL_origfilename, 0);
2867 sv_catpv(file, ".perldump");
2869 unexec(SvPVX(file), SvPVX(prog), &etext, sbrk(0), 0);
2870 /* unexec prints msg to stderr in case of failure */
2871 PerlProc_exit(status);
2874 # include <lib$routines.h>
2875 lib$signal(SS$_DEBUG); /* ssdef.h #included from vmsish.h */
2877 ABORT(); /* for use with undump */
2882 /* initialize curinterp */
2888 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2889 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2890 # if defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
2891 # if defined(USE_5005THREADS)
2892 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2893 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2894 # else /* !USE_5005THREADS */
2895 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2896 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) aTHX->var = init;
2897 # endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
2899 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2900 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PERL_GET_INTERP->var = init;
2902 # include "intrpvar.h"
2903 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2904 # include "thrdvar.h"
2911 # define PERLVAR(var,type)
2912 # define PERLVARA(var,n,type)
2913 # define PERLVARI(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2914 # define PERLVARIC(var,type,init) PL_##var = init;
2915 # include "intrpvar.h"
2916 # ifndef USE_5005THREADS
2917 # include "thrdvar.h"
2928 S_init_main_stash(pTHX)
2932 PL_curstash = PL_defstash = newHV();
2933 PL_curstname = newSVpvn("main",4);
2934 gv = gv_fetchpv("main::",TRUE, SVt_PVHV);
2935 SvREFCNT_dec(GvHV(gv));
2936 GvHV(gv) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(PL_defstash);
2938 HvNAME(PL_defstash) = savepv("main");
2939 PL_incgv = gv_HVadd(gv_AVadd(gv_fetchpv("INC",TRUE, SVt_PVAV)));
2940 GvMULTI_on(PL_incgv);
2941 PL_hintgv = gv_fetchpv("\010",TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^H */
2942 GvMULTI_on(PL_hintgv);
2943 PL_defgv = gv_fetchpv("_",TRUE, SVt_PVAV);
2944 PL_errgv = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("@", TRUE, SVt_PV));
2945 GvMULTI_on(PL_errgv);
2946 PL_replgv = gv_fetchpv("\022", TRUE, SVt_PV); /* ^R */
2947 GvMULTI_on(PL_replgv);
2948 (void)Perl_form(aTHX_ "%240s",""); /* Preallocate temp - for immediate signals. */
2949 sv_grow(ERRSV, 240); /* Preallocate - for immediate signals. */
2950 sv_setpvn(ERRSV, "", 0);
2951 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
2952 CopSTASH_set(&PL_compiling, PL_defstash);
2953 PL_debstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("DB::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2954 PL_globalstash = GvHV(gv_fetchpv("CORE::GLOBAL::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
2955 /* We must init $/ before switches are processed. */
2956 sv_setpvn(get_sv("/", TRUE), "\n", 1);
2959 /* PSz 18 Nov 03 fdscript now global but do not change prototype */
2961 S_open_script(pTHX_ char *scriptname, bool dosearch, SV *sv)
2966 char *cpp_discard_flag;
2974 PL_origfilename = savepv("-e");
2977 /* if find_script() returns, it returns a malloc()-ed value */
2978 PL_origfilename = scriptname = find_script(scriptname, dosearch, NULL, 1);
2980 if (strnEQ(scriptname, "/dev/fd/", 8) && isDIGIT(scriptname[8]) ) {
2981 char *s = scriptname + 8;
2982 PL_fdscript = atoi(s);
2987 * Tell apart "normal" usage of fdscript, e.g.
2988 * with bash on FreeBSD:
2989 * perl <( echo '#!perl -DA'; echo 'print "$0\n"')
2990 * from usage in suidperl.
2991 * Does any "normal" usage leave garbage after the number???
2992 * Is it a mistake to use a similar /dev/fd/ construct for
2997 * Be supersafe and do some sanity-checks.
2998 * Still, can we be sure we got the right thing?
3001 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wrong syntax (suid) fd script name \"%s\"\n", s);
3004 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Missing (suid) fd script name\n");
3006 scriptname = savepv(s + 1);
3007 Safefree(PL_origfilename);
3008 PL_origfilename = scriptname;
3013 CopFILE_free(PL_curcop);
3014 CopFILE_set(PL_curcop, PL_origfilename);
3015 if (strEQ(PL_origfilename,"-"))
3017 if (PL_fdscript >= 0) {
3018 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_fdopen(PL_fdscript,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3019 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3021 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3022 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3027 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sperl needs fd script\n"
3028 "You should not call sperl directly; do you need to "
3029 "change a #! line\nfrom sperl to perl?\n");
3032 * Do not open (or do other fancy stuff) while setuid.
3033 * Perl does the open, and hands script to suidperl on a fd;
3034 * suidperl only does some checks, sets up UIDs and re-execs
3035 * perl with that fd as it has always done.
3038 if (PL_suidscript != 1) {
3039 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "suidperl needs (suid) fd script\n");
3042 else if (PL_preprocess) {
3043 char *cpp_cfg = CPPSTDIN;
3044 SV *cpp = newSVpvn("",0);
3045 SV *cmd = NEWSV(0,0);
3047 if (cpp_cfg[0] == 0) /* PERL_MICRO? */
3048 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't run with cpp -P with CPPSTDIN undefined");
3049 if (strEQ(cpp_cfg, "cppstdin"))
3050 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ cpp, "%s/", BIN_EXP);
3051 sv_catpv(cpp, cpp_cfg);
3054 sv_catpvn(sv, "-I", 2);
3055 sv_catpv(sv,PRIVLIB_EXP);
3058 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3059 "PL_preprocess: scriptname=\"%s\", cpp=\"%s\", sv=\"%s\", CPPMINUS=\"%s\"\n",
3060 scriptname, SvPVX (cpp), SvPVX (sv), CPPMINUS));
3062 # if defined(MSDOS) || defined(WIN32) || defined(VMS)
3069 cpp_discard_flag = "";
3071 cpp_discard_flag = "-C";
3075 perl = os2_execname(aTHX);
3077 perl = PL_origargv[0];
3081 /* This strips off Perl comments which might interfere with
3082 the C pre-processor, including #!. #line directives are
3083 deliberately stripped to avoid confusion with Perl's version
3084 of #line. FWP played some golf with it so it will fit
3085 into VMS's 255 character buffer.
3088 code = "(1../^#!.*perl/i)|/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3090 code = "/^\\s*#(?!\\s*((ifn?|un)def|(el|end)?if|define|include|else|error|pragma)\\b)/||!($|=1)||print";
3092 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ cmd, "\
3093 %s -ne%s%s%s %s | %"SVf" %s %"SVf" %s",
3094 perl, quote, code, quote, scriptname, cpp,
3095 cpp_discard_flag, sv, CPPMINUS);
3097 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3099 DEBUG_P(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3100 "PL_preprocess: cmd=\"%s\"\n",
3103 PL_rsfp = PerlProc_popen(SvPVX(cmd), "r");
3107 else if (!*scriptname) {
3108 forbid_setid("program input from stdin");
3109 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_stdin();
3112 PL_rsfp = PerlIO_open(scriptname,PERL_SCRIPT_MODE);
3113 # if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3115 /* ensure close-on-exec */
3116 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,1);
3119 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3121 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3122 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't open perl script \"%s\": %s\n",
3123 CopFILE(PL_curcop), Strerror(errno));
3128 * I_SYSSTATVFS HAS_FSTATVFS
3130 * I_STATFS HAS_FSTATFS HAS_GETFSSTAT
3131 * I_MNTENT HAS_GETMNTENT HAS_HASMNTOPT
3132 * here so that metaconfig picks them up. */
3136 S_fd_on_nosuid_fs(pTHX_ int fd)
3139 * We used to do this as "plain" user (after swapping UIDs with setreuid);
3140 * but is needed also on machines without setreuid.
3141 * Seems safe enough to run as root.
3143 int check_okay = 0; /* able to do all the required sys/libcalls */
3144 int on_nosuid = 0; /* the fd is on a nosuid fs */
3146 * Need to check noexec also: nosuid might not be set, the average
3147 * sysadmin would say that nosuid is irrelevant once he sets noexec.
3149 int on_noexec = 0; /* the fd is on a noexec fs */
3152 * Preferred order: fstatvfs(), fstatfs(), ustat()+getmnt(), getmntent().
3153 * fstatvfs() is UNIX98.
3154 * fstatfs() is 4.3 BSD.
3155 * ustat()+getmnt() is pre-4.3 BSD.
3156 * getmntent() is O(number-of-mounted-filesystems) and can hang on
3157 * an irrelevant filesystem while trying to reach the right one.
3160 #undef FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY /* found the syscalls to do the check? */
3162 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3163 defined(HAS_FSTATVFS)
3164 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3165 struct statvfs stfs;
3167 check_okay = fstatvfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3168 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOSUID);
3170 /* ST_NOEXEC certainly absent on AIX 5.1, and doesn't seem to be documented
3171 on platforms where it is present. */
3172 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flag & ST_NOEXEC);
3174 # endif /* fstatvfs */
3176 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3177 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3178 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3179 defined(HAS_FSTATFS) && \
3180 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS) && \
3181 defined(HAS_STRUCT_STATFS_F_FLAGS)
3182 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3185 check_okay = fstatfs(fd, &stfs) == 0;
3186 on_nosuid = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID);
3187 on_noexec = check_okay && (stfs.f_flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC);
3188 # endif /* fstatfs */
3190 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3191 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID) && \
3192 defined(PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC) && \
3193 defined(HAS_FSTAT) && \
3194 defined(HAS_USTAT) && \
3195 defined(HAS_GETMNT) && \
3196 defined(HAS_STRUCT_FS_DATA) && \
3198 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3201 if (fstat(fd, &fdst) == 0) {
3203 if (ustat(fdst.st_dev, &us) == 0) {
3205 /* NOSTAT_ONE here because we're not examining fields which
3206 * vary between that case and STAT_ONE. */
3207 if (getmnt((int*)0, &fsd, (int)0, NOSTAT_ONE, us.f_fname) == 0) {
3208 size_t cmplen = sizeof(us.f_fname);
3209 if (sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path) < cmplen)
3210 cmplen = sizeof(fsd.fd_req.path);
3211 if (strnEQ(fsd.fd_req.path, us.f_fname, cmplen) &&
3212 fdst.st_dev == fsd.fd_req.dev) {
3214 on_nosuid = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOSUID;
3215 on_noexec = fsd.fd_req.flags & PERL_MOUNT_NOEXEC;
3221 # endif /* fstat+ustat+getmnt */
3223 # if !defined(FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY) && \
3224 defined(HAS_GETMNTENT) && \
3225 defined(HAS_HASMNTOPT) && \
3226 defined(MNTOPT_NOSUID) && \
3227 defined(MNTOPT_NOEXEC)
3228 # define FD_ON_NOSUID_CHECK_OKAY
3229 FILE *mtab = fopen("/etc/mtab", "r");
3230 struct mntent *entry;
3233 if (mtab && (fstat(fd, &stb) == 0)) {
3234 while (entry = getmntent(mtab)) {
3235 if (stat(entry->mnt_dir, &fsb) == 0
3236 && fsb.st_dev == stb.st_dev)
3238 /* found the filesystem */
3240 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOSUID))
3242 if (hasmntopt(entry, MNTOPT_NOEXEC))
3245 } /* A single fs may well fail its stat(). */
3250 # endif /* getmntent+hasmntopt */
3253 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't check filesystem of script \"%s\" for nosuid/noexec", PL_origfilename);
3255 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on nosuid filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3257 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script \"%s\" on noexec filesystem", PL_origfilename);
3258 return ((!check_okay) || on_nosuid || on_noexec);
3260 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3263 S_validate_suid(pTHX_ char *validarg, char *scriptname)
3267 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3269 /* do we need to emulate setuid on scripts? */
3271 /* This code is for those BSD systems that have setuid #! scripts disabled
3272 * in the kernel because of a security problem. Merely defining DOSUID
3273 * in perl will not fix that problem, but if you have disabled setuid
3274 * scripts in the kernel, this will attempt to emulate setuid and setgid
3275 * on scripts that have those now-otherwise-useless bits set. The setuid
3276 * root version must be called suidperl or sperlN.NNN. If regular perl
3277 * discovers that it has opened a setuid script, it calls suidperl with
3278 * the same argv that it had. If suidperl finds that the script it has
3279 * just opened is NOT setuid root, it sets the effective uid back to the
3280 * uid. We don't just make perl setuid root because that loses the
3281 * effective uid we had before invoking perl, if it was different from the
3284 * Description/comments above do not match current workings:
3285 * suidperl must be hardlinked to sperlN.NNN (that is what we exec);
3286 * suidperl called with script open and name changed to /dev/fd/N/X;
3287 * suidperl croaks if script is not setuid;
3288 * making perl setuid would be a huge security risk (and yes, that
3289 * would lose any euid we might have had).
3291 * DOSUID must be defined in both perl and suidperl, and IAMSUID must
3292 * be defined in suidperl only. suidperl must be setuid root. The
3293 * Configure script will set this up for you if you want it.
3299 if (PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf) < 0) /* normal stat is insecure */
3300 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't stat script \"%s\"",PL_origfilename);
3301 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & (S_ISUID|S_ISGID)) {
3306 if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3307 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Need (suid) fdscript in suidperl\n"); /* We already checked this */
3309 * Since the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, some of these
3310 * checks are superfluous. Leaving them in probably does not lower
3314 * Do checks even for systems with no HAS_SETREUID.
3315 * We used to swap, then re-swap UIDs with
3317 if (setreuid(PL_euid,PL_uid) < 0
3318 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_euid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3319 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't swap uid and euid");
3322 if (setreuid(PL_uid,PL_euid) < 0
3323 || PerlProc_getuid() != PL_uid || PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_euid)
3324 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't reswap uid and euid");
3328 /* On this access check to make sure the directories are readable,
3329 * there is actually a small window that the user could use to make
3330 * filename point to an accessible directory. So there is a faint
3331 * chance that someone could execute a setuid script down in a
3332 * non-accessible directory. I don't know what to do about that.
3333 * But I don't think it's too important. The manual lies when
3334 * it says access() is useful in setuid programs.
3336 * So, access() is pretty useless... but not harmful... do anyway.
3338 if (PerlLIO_access(CopFILE(PL_curcop),1)) { /*double check*/
3339 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't access() script\n");
3342 /* If we can swap euid and uid, then we can determine access rights
3343 * with a simple stat of the file, and then compare device and
3344 * inode to make sure we did stat() on the same file we opened.
3345 * Then we just have to make sure he or she can execute it.
3348 * As the script is opened by perl, not suidperl, we do not need to
3349 * care much about access rights.
3351 * The 'script changed' check is needed, or we can get lied to
3352 * about $0 with e.g.
3353 * suidperl /dev/fd/4//bin/x 4<setuidscript
3354 * Without HAS_SETREUID, is it safe to stat() as root?
3356 * Are there any operating systems that pass /dev/fd/xxx for setuid
3357 * scripts, as suggested/described in perlsec(1)? Surely they do not
3358 * pass the script name as we do, so the "script changed" test would
3359 * fail for them... but we never get here with
3360 * SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW defined.
3362 * This is one place where we must "lie" about return status: not
3363 * say if the stat() failed. We are doing this as root, and could
3364 * be tricked into reporting existence or not of files that the
3365 * "plain" user cannot even see.
3369 if (PerlLIO_stat(CopFILE(PL_curcop),&tmpstatbuf) < 0 ||
3370 tmpstatbuf.st_dev != PL_statbuf.st_dev ||
3371 tmpstatbuf.st_ino != PL_statbuf.st_ino) {
3372 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script changed\n");
3376 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,FALSE,&PL_statbuf)) /* can real uid exec? */
3377 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Real UID cannot exec script\n");
3380 * We used to do this check as the "plain" user (after swapping
3381 * UIDs). But the check for nosuid and noexec filesystem is needed,
3382 * and should be done even without HAS_SETREUID. (Maybe those
3383 * operating systems do not have such mount options anyway...)
3384 * Seems safe enough to do as root.
3386 #if !defined(NO_NOSUID_CHECK)
3387 if (fd_on_nosuid_fs(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp))) {
3388 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script on nosuid or noexec filesystem\n");
3391 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3393 if (!S_ISREG(PL_statbuf.st_mode)) {
3394 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script not plain file\n");
3396 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_IWOTH)
3397 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid/gid script is writable by world");
3398 PL_doswitches = FALSE; /* -s is insecure in suid */
3399 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 But -s was caught elsewhere ... so unsetting it here is useless(?!) */
3400 CopLINE_inc(PL_curcop);
3401 if (sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0) == Nullch ||
3402 strnNE(SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a),"#!",2) ) /* required even on Sys V */
3403 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No #! line");
3404 s = SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2;
3406 /* Sanity check on line length */
3407 if (strlen(s) < 1 || strlen(s) > 4000)
3408 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Very long #! line");
3409 /* Allow more than a single space after #! */
3410 while (isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3411 /* Sanity check on buffer end */
3412 while ((*s) && !isSPACE(*s)) s++;
3413 for (s2 = s; (s2 > SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 &&
3414 (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("._-", s2[-1]))); s2--) ;
3415 /* Sanity check on buffer start */
3416 if ( (s2-4 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s2-4,"perl",4)) &&
3417 (s-9 < SvPV(PL_linestr,n_a)+2 || strnNE(s-9,"perl",4)) )
3418 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Not a perl script");
3419 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3421 * #! arg must be what we saw above. They can invoke it by
3422 * mentioning suidperl explicitly, but they may not add any strange
3423 * arguments beyond what #! says if they do invoke suidperl that way.
3426 * The way validarg was set up, we rely on the kernel to start
3427 * scripts with argv[1] set to contain all #! line switches (the
3431 * Check that we got all the arguments listed in the #! line (not
3432 * just that there are no extraneous arguments). Might not matter
3433 * much, as switches from #! line seem to be acted upon (also), and
3434 * so may be checked and trapped in perl. But, security checks must
3435 * be done in suidperl and not deferred to perl. Note that suidperl
3436 * does not get around to parsing (and checking) the switches on
3437 * the #! line (but execs perl sooner).
3438 * Allow (require) a trailing newline (which may be of two
3439 * characters on some architectures?) (but no other trailing
3442 len = strlen(validarg);
3443 if (strEQ(validarg," PHOOEY ") ||
3444 strnNE(s,validarg,len) || !isSPACE(s[len]) ||
3445 !(strlen(s) == len+1 || (strlen(s) == len+2 && isSPACE(s[len+1]))))
3446 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Args must match #! line");
3449 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3450 PL_euid != PL_uid && (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) &&
3451 PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3453 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3454 FIX YOUR KERNEL, OR PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT!\n");
3455 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3457 if (PL_fdscript < 0 &&
3458 PL_euid) { /* oops, we're not the setuid root perl */
3460 * When root runs a setuid script, we do not go through the same
3461 * steps of execing sperl and then perl with fd scripts, but
3462 * simply set up UIDs within the same perl invocation; so do
3463 * not have the same checks (on options, whatever) that we have
3464 * for plain users. No problem really: would have to be a script
3465 * that does not actually work for plain users; and if root is
3466 * foolish and can be persuaded to run such an unsafe script, he
3467 * might run also non-setuid ones, and deserves what he gets.
3469 * Or, we might drop the PL_euid check above (and rely just on
3470 * PL_fdscript to avoid loops), and do the execs
3476 * Pass fd script to suidperl.
3477 * Exec suidperl, substituting fd script for scriptname.
3478 * Pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok;
3479 * in fact will use that to distinguish this from "normal"
3480 * usage, see comments above.
3482 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3483 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3484 /* PSz 27 Feb 04 Sanity checks on scriptname */
3485 if ((!scriptname) || (!*scriptname) ) {
3486 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No setuid script name\n");
3488 if (*scriptname == '-') {
3489 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Setuid script name may not begin with dash\n");
3490 /* Or we might confuse it with an option when replacing
3491 * name in argument list, below (though we do pointer, not
3492 * string, comparisons).
3495 for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ;
3496 if (!PL_origargv[which]) {
3497 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't change argv to have fd script\n");
3499 PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s",
3500 PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which]));
3501 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3502 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3505 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/sperl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3506 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3507 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);
3509 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3510 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (cannot exec sperl)\n");
3513 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID && PL_statbuf.st_gid != PL_egid) {
3515 * This seems back to front: we try HAS_SETEGID first; if not available
3516 * then try HAS_SETREGID; as a last chance we try HAS_SETRESGID. May be OK
3517 * in the sense that we only want to set EGID; but are there any machines
3518 * with either of the latter, but not the former? Same with UID, later.
3521 (void)setegid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3524 (void)setregid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3526 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
3527 (void)setresgid((Gid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_gid,(Gid_t)-1);
3529 PerlProc_setgid(PL_statbuf.st_gid);
3533 if (PerlProc_getegid() != PL_statbuf.st_gid)
3534 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setegid!\n");
3536 if (PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID) {
3537 if (PL_statbuf.st_uid != PL_euid)
3539 (void)seteuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid); /* all that for this */
3542 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3544 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3545 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,PL_statbuf.st_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3547 PerlProc_setuid(PL_statbuf.st_uid);
3551 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_statbuf.st_uid)
3552 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3554 else if (PL_uid) { /* oops, mustn't run as root */
3556 (void)seteuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3559 (void)setreuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid);
3561 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
3562 (void)setresuid((Uid_t)-1,(Uid_t)PL_uid,(Uid_t)-1);
3564 PerlProc_setuid((Uid_t)PL_uid);
3568 if (PerlProc_geteuid() != PL_uid)
3569 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do seteuid!\n");
3572 if (!cando(S_IXUSR,TRUE,&PL_statbuf))
3573 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Effective UID cannot exec script\n"); /* they can't do this */
3576 else if (PL_preprocess) /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3577 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "-P not allowed for setuid/setgid script\n");
3578 else if (PL_fdscript < 0 || PL_suidscript != 1)
3579 /* PSz 13 Nov 03 Caught elsewhere, useless(?!) here */
3580 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "(suid) fdscript needed in suidperl\n");
3582 /* PSz 16 Sep 03 Keep neat error message */
3583 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Script is not setuid/setgid in suidperl\n");
3586 /* We absolutely must clear out any saved ids here, so we */
3587 /* exec the real perl, substituting fd script for scriptname. */
3588 /* (We pass script name as "subdir" of fd, which perl will grok.) */
3590 * It might be thought that using setresgid and/or setresuid (changed to
3591 * set the saved IDs) above might obviate the need to exec, and we could
3592 * go on to "do the perl thing".
3594 * Is there such a thing as "saved GID", and is that set for setuid (but
3595 * not setgid) execution like suidperl? Without exec, it would not be
3596 * cleared for setuid (but not setgid) scripts (or might need a dummy
3599 * We need suidperl to do the exact same argument checking that perl
3600 * does. Thus it cannot be very small; while it could be significantly
3601 * smaller, it is safer (simpler?) to make it essentially the same
3602 * binary as perl (but they are not identical). - Maybe could defer that
3603 * check to the invoked perl, and suidperl be a tiny wrapper instead;
3604 * but prefer to do thorough checks in suidperl itself. Such deferral
3605 * would make suidperl security rely on perl, a design no-no.
3607 * Setuid things should be short and simple, thus easy to understand and
3608 * verify. They should do their "own thing", without influence by
3609 * attackers. It may help if their internal execution flow is fixed,
3610 * regardless of platform: it may be best to exec anyway.
3612 * Suidperl should at least be conceptually simple: a wrapper only,
3613 * never to do any real perl. Maybe we should put
3615 * Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Suidperl should never do real perl\n");
3617 * into the perly bits.
3619 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3620 PerlLIO_lseek(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),(Off_t)0,0); /* just in case rewind didn't */
3622 * Keep original arguments: suidperl already has fd script.
3624 /* for (which = 1; PL_origargv[which] && PL_origargv[which] != scriptname; which++) ; */
3625 /* if (!PL_origargv[which]) { */
3626 /* errno = EPERM; */
3627 /* Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Permission denied\n"); */
3629 /* PL_origargv[which] = savepv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "/dev/fd/%d/%s", */
3630 /* PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp), PL_origargv[which])); */
3631 #if defined(HAS_FCNTL) && defined(F_SETFD)
3632 fcntl(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),F_SETFD,0); /* ensure no close-on-exec */
3635 PerlProc_execv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%s/perl"PERL_FS_VER_FMT, BIN_EXP,
3636 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
3637 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION), PL_origargv);/* try again */
3639 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't do setuid (suidperl cannot exec perl)\n");
3640 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3642 if (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid) { /* (suidperl doesn't exist, in fact) */
3643 #ifndef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3644 PerlLIO_fstat(PerlIO_fileno(PL_rsfp),&PL_statbuf); /* may be either wrapped or real suid */
3645 if ((PL_euid != PL_uid && PL_euid == PL_statbuf.st_uid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISUID)
3647 (PL_egid != PL_gid && PL_egid == PL_statbuf.st_gid && PL_statbuf.st_mode & S_ISGID)
3650 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET!\n\
3651 FIX YOUR KERNEL, PUT A C WRAPPER AROUND THIS SCRIPT, OR USE -u AND UNDUMP!\n");
3652 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3653 /* not set-id, must be wrapped */
3659 S_find_beginning(pTHX)
3661 register char *s, *s2;
3662 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3666 /* skip forward in input to the real script? */
3669 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3670 /* Since the Mac OS does not honor #! arguments for us, we do it ourselves */
3672 while (PL_doextract || gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3673 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch) {
3674 if (!gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract)
3675 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3677 if (PL_doextract) /* require explicit override ? */
3678 if (!OverrideExtract(PL_origfilename))
3679 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "User aborted script\n");
3681 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3683 /* Pater peccavi, file does not have #! */
3684 PerlIO_rewind(PL_rsfp);
3689 while (PL_doextract) {
3690 if ((s = sv_gets(PL_linestr, PL_rsfp, 0)) == Nullch)
3691 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No Perl script found in input\n");
3694 if (*s == '#' && s[1] == '!' && ((s = instr(s,"perl")) || (s = instr(s2,"PERL")))) {
3695 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n'); /* to keep line count right */
3696 PL_doextract = FALSE;
3697 while (*s && !(isSPACE (*s) || *s == '#')) s++;
3699 while (*s == ' ' || *s == '\t') s++;
3701 while (isDIGIT(s2[-1]) || strchr("-._", s2[-1])) s2--;
3702 if (strnEQ(s2-4,"perl",4))
3704 while ((s = moreswitches(s)))
3707 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
3708 /* We are always searching for the #!perl line in MacPerl,
3709 * so if we find it, still keep the line count correct
3710 * by counting lines we already skipped over
3712 for (; maclines > 0 ; maclines--)
3713 PerlIO_ungetc(PL_rsfp, '\n');
3717 /* gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract is false in MPW tool */
3718 } else if (gMacPerl_AlwaysExtract) {
3729 PL_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3730 PL_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3731 PL_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3732 PL_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3734 PL_uid |= PL_gid << 16;
3735 PL_euid |= PL_egid << 16;
3737 /* Should not happen: */
3738 CHECK_MALLOC_TAINT(PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3739 PL_tainting |= (PL_uid && (PL_euid != PL_uid || PL_egid != PL_gid));
3742 * Should go by suidscript, not uid!=euid: why disallow
3743 * system("ls") in scripts run from setuid things?
3744 * Or, is this run before we check arguments and set suidscript?
3745 * What about SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW: could we use fdscript then?
3746 * (We never have suidscript, can we be sure to have fdscript?)
3747 * Or must then go by UID checks? See comments in forbid_setid also.
3751 /* This is used very early in the lifetime of the program,
3752 * before even the options are parsed, so PL_tainting has
3753 * not been initialized properly. */
3755 Perl_doing_taint(int argc, char *argv[], char *envp[])
3757 #ifndef PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS
3758 /* If we have PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS we can't call getuid() et alia
3759 * before we have an interpreter-- and the whole point of this
3760 * function is to be called at such an early stage. If you are on
3761 * a system with PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS but you do have a concept of
3762 * "tainted because running with altered effective ids', you'll
3763 * have to add your own checks somewhere in here. The two most
3764 * known samples of 'implicitness' are Win32 and NetWare, neither
3765 * of which has much of concept of 'uids'. */
3766 int uid = PerlProc_getuid();
3767 int euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
3768 int gid = PerlProc_getgid();
3769 int egid = PerlProc_getegid();
3775 if (uid && (euid != uid || egid != gid))
3777 #endif /* !PERL_IMPLICIT_SYS */
3778 /* This is a really primitive check; environment gets ignored only
3779 * if -T are the first chars together; otherwise one gets
3780 * "Too late" message. */
3781 if ( argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-'
3782 && (argv[1][1] == 't' || argv[1][1] == 'T') )
3788 S_forbid_setid(pTHX_ char *s)
3790 #ifdef SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW
3791 if (PL_euid != PL_uid)
3792 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setuid", s);
3793 if (PL_egid != PL_gid)
3794 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed while running setgid", s);
3795 #endif /* SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW */
3797 * Checks for UID/GID above "wrong": why disallow
3798 * perl -e 'print "Hello\n"'
3799 * from within setuid things?? Simply drop them: replaced by
3800 * fdscript/suidscript and #ifdef IAMSUID checks below.
3802 * This may be too late for command-line switches. Will catch those on
3803 * the #! line, after finding the script name and setting up
3804 * fdscript/suidscript. Note that suidperl does not get around to
3805 * parsing (and checking) the switches on the #! line, but checks that
3806 * the two sets are identical.
3808 * With SETUID_SCRIPTS_ARE_SECURE_NOW, could we use fdscript, also or
3809 * instead, or would that be "too late"? (We never have suidscript, can
3810 * we be sure to have fdscript?)
3812 * Catch things with suidscript (in descendant of suidperl), even with
3813 * right UID/GID. Was already checked in suidperl, with #ifdef IAMSUID,
3814 * below; but I am paranoid.
3816 * Also see comments about root running a setuid script, elsewhere.
3818 if (PL_suidscript >= 0)
3819 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed with (suid) fdscript", s);
3821 /* PSz 11 Nov 03 Catch it in suidperl, always! */
3822 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No %s allowed in suidperl", s);
3823 #endif /* IAMSUID */
3827 Perl_init_debugger(pTHX)
3829 HV *ostash = PL_curstash;
3831 PL_curstash = PL_debstash;
3832 PL_dbargs = GvAV(gv_AVadd((gv_fetchpv("DB::args", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV))));
3833 AvREAL_off(PL_dbargs);
3834 PL_DBgv = gv_fetchpv("DB::DB", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVGV);
3835 PL_DBline = gv_fetchpv("DB::dbline", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVAV);
3836 PL_DBsub = gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpv("DB::sub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV));
3837 sv_upgrade(GvSV(PL_DBsub), SVt_IV); /* IVX accessed if PERLDB_SUB_NN */
3838 PL_DBsingle = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::single", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3839 sv_setiv(PL_DBsingle, 0);
3840 PL_DBtrace = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::trace", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3841 sv_setiv(PL_DBtrace, 0);
3842 PL_DBsignal = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::signal", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3843 sv_setiv(PL_DBsignal, 0);
3844 PL_DBassertion = GvSV((gv_fetchpv("DB::assertion", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PV)));
3845 sv_setiv(PL_DBassertion, 0);
3846 PL_curstash = ostash;
3849 #ifndef STRESS_REALLOC
3850 #define REASONABLE(size) (size)
3852 #define REASONABLE(size) (1) /* unreasonable */
3856 Perl_init_stacks(pTHX)
3858 /* start with 128-item stack and 8K cxstack */
3859 PL_curstackinfo = new_stackinfo(REASONABLE(128),
3860 REASONABLE(8192/sizeof(PERL_CONTEXT) - 1));
3861 PL_curstackinfo->si_type = PERLSI_MAIN;
3862 PL_curstack = PL_curstackinfo->si_stack;
3863 PL_mainstack = PL_curstack; /* remember in case we switch stacks */
3865 PL_stack_base = AvARRAY(PL_curstack);
3866 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base;
3867 PL_stack_max = PL_stack_base + AvMAX(PL_curstack);
3869 New(50,PL_tmps_stack,REASONABLE(128),SV*);
3872 PL_tmps_max = REASONABLE(128);
3874 New(54,PL_markstack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3875 PL_markstack_ptr = PL_markstack;
3876 PL_markstack_max = PL_markstack + REASONABLE(32);
3880 New(54,PL_scopestack,REASONABLE(32),I32);
3881 PL_scopestack_ix = 0;
3882 PL_scopestack_max = REASONABLE(32);
3884 New(54,PL_savestack,REASONABLE(128),ANY);
3885 PL_savestack_ix = 0;
3886 PL_savestack_max = REASONABLE(128);
3894 while (PL_curstackinfo->si_next)
3895 PL_curstackinfo = PL_curstackinfo->si_next;
3896 while (PL_curstackinfo) {
3897 PERL_SI *p = PL_curstackinfo->si_prev;
3898 /* curstackinfo->si_stack got nuked by sv_free_arenas() */
3899 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo->si_cxstack);
3900 Safefree(PL_curstackinfo);
3901 PL_curstackinfo = p;
3903 Safefree(PL_tmps_stack);
3904 Safefree(PL_markstack);
3905 Safefree(PL_scopestack);
3906 Safefree(PL_savestack);
3915 lex_start(PL_linestr);
3917 PL_subname = newSVpvn("main",4);
3921 S_init_predump_symbols(pTHX)
3926 sv_setpvn(get_sv("\"", TRUE), " ", 1);
3927 PL_stdingv = gv_fetchpv("STDIN",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3928 GvMULTI_on(PL_stdingv);
3929 io = GvIOp(PL_stdingv);
3930 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_RDONLY;
3931 IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdin();
3932 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdin",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3934 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3936 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("STDOUT",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3939 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3940 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stdout();
3942 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stdout",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3944 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3946 PL_stderrgv = gv_fetchpv("STDERR",TRUE, SVt_PVIO);
3947 GvMULTI_on(PL_stderrgv);
3948 io = GvIOp(PL_stderrgv);
3949 IoTYPE(io) = IoTYPE_WRONLY;
3950 IoOFP(io) = IoIFP(io) = PerlIO_stderr();
3951 tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("stderr",TRUE, SVt_PV);
3953 GvIOp(tmpgv) = (IO*)SvREFCNT_inc(io);
3955 PL_statname = NEWSV(66,0); /* last filename we did stat on */
3958 Safefree(PL_osname);
3959 PL_osname = savepv(OSNAME);
3963 Perl_init_argv_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv)
3966 argc--,argv++; /* skip name of script */
3967 if (PL_doswitches) {
3968 for (; argc > 0 && **argv == '-'; argc--,argv++) {
3971 if (argv[0][1] == '-' && !argv[0][2]) {
3975 if ((s = strchr(argv[0], '='))) {
3977 sv_setpv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),s);
3980 sv_setiv(GvSV(gv_fetchpv(argv[0]+1,TRUE, SVt_PV)),1);
3983 if ((PL_argvgv = gv_fetchpv("ARGV",TRUE, SVt_PVAV))) {
3984 GvMULTI_on(PL_argvgv);
3985 (void)gv_AVadd(PL_argvgv);
3986 av_clear(GvAVn(PL_argvgv));
3987 for (; argc > 0; argc--,argv++) {
3988 SV *sv = newSVpv(argv[0],0);
3989 av_push(GvAVn(PL_argvgv),sv);
3990 if (!(PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_LOCALE_FLAG) || PL_utf8locale) {
3991 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_ARGV_FLAG)
3994 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_WIDESYSCALLS_FLAG) /* Sarathy? */
3995 (void)sv_utf8_decode(sv);
4000 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4001 /* This is a function so that we don't hold on to MAXPATHLEN
4002 bytes of stack longer than necessary
4005 S_procself_val(pTHX_ SV *sv, char *arg0)
4007 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
4008 int len = readlink(PROCSELFEXE_PATH, buf, sizeof(buf) - 1);
4010 /* On Playstation2 Linux V1.0 (kernel 2.2.1) readlink(/proc/self/exe)
4011 includes a spurious NUL which will cause $^X to fail in system
4012 or backticks (this will prevent extensions from being built and
4013 many tests from working). readlink is not meant to add a NUL.
4014 Normal readlink works fine.
4016 if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '\0') {
4020 /* FreeBSD's implementation is acknowledged to be imperfect, sometimes
4021 returning the text "unknown" from the readlink rather than the path
4022 to the executable (or returning an error from the readlink). Any valid
4023 path has a '/' in it somewhere, so use that to validate the result.
4024 See http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/query-pr.cgi?pr=35703
4026 if (len > 0 && memchr(buf, '/', len)) {
4027 sv_setpvn(sv,buf,len);
4033 #endif /* HAS_PROCSELFEXE */
4036 S_init_postdump_symbols(pTHX_ register int argc, register char **argv, register char **env)
4042 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4043 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4044 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4045 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4046 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4047 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4048 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4052 init_argv_symbols(argc,argv);
4054 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("0",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4055 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4056 /* $0 is not majick on a Mac */
4057 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),MacPerl_MPWFileName(PL_origfilename));
4059 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origfilename);
4060 magicname("0", "0", 1);
4063 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("\030",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {/* $^X */
4064 #ifdef HAS_PROCSELFEXE
4065 S_procself_val(aTHX_ GvSV(tmpgv), PL_origargv[0]);
4068 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv), os2_execname(aTHX));
4070 sv_setpv(GvSV(tmpgv),PL_origargv[0]);
4074 if ((PL_envgv = gv_fetchpv("ENV",TRUE, SVt_PVHV))) {
4076 GvMULTI_on(PL_envgv);
4077 hv = GvHVn(PL_envgv);
4078 hv_magic(hv, Nullgv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4080 #ifdef USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY
4081 /* Note that if the supplied env parameter is actually a copy
4082 of the global environ then it may now point to free'd memory
4083 if the environment has been modified since. To avoid this
4084 problem we treat env==NULL as meaning 'use the default'
4089 # ifdef USE_ITHREADS
4090 && PL_curinterp == aTHX
4094 environ[0] = Nullch;
4097 for (; *env; env++) {
4098 if (!(s = strchr(*env,'=')))
4100 #if defined(MSDOS) && !defined(DJGPP)
4105 sv = newSVpv(s+1, 0);
4106 (void)hv_store(hv, *env, s - *env, sv, 0);
4110 #endif /* USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY */
4111 #endif /* !PERL_MICRO */
4114 if ((tmpgv = gv_fetchpv("$",TRUE, SVt_PV))) {
4115 SvREADONLY_off(GvSV(tmpgv));
4116 sv_setiv(GvSV(tmpgv), (IV)PerlProc_getpid());
4117 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(tmpgv));
4119 #ifdef THREADS_HAVE_PIDS
4120 PL_ppid = (IV)getppid();
4123 /* touch @F array to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4125 (void) get_av("main::F", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4127 /* touch @- and @+ arrays to prevent spurious warnings 20020415 MJD */
4128 (void) get_av("main::-", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4129 (void) get_av("main::+", TRUE | GV_ADDMULTI);
4133 S_init_perllib(pTHX)
4138 s = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL5LIB");
4140 incpush(s, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4142 incpush(PerlEnv_getenv("PERLLIB"), FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4144 /* Treat PERL5?LIB as a possible search list logical name -- the
4145 * "natural" VMS idiom for a Unix path string. We allow each
4146 * element to be a set of |-separated directories for compatibility.
4150 if (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,0))
4151 do { incpush(buf,TRUE,TRUE,TRUE); } while (my_trnlnm("PERL5LIB",buf,++idx));
4153 while (my_trnlnm("PERLLIB",buf,idx++)) incpush(buf,FALSE,FALSE,TRUE);
4157 /* Use the ~-expanded versions of APPLLIB (undocumented),
4158 ARCHLIB PRIVLIB SITEARCH SITELIB VENDORARCH and VENDORLIB
4161 incpush(APPLLIB_EXP, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4165 incpush(ARCHLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4167 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4170 SV * privdir = NEWSV(55, 0);
4171 char * macperl = PerlEnv_getenv("MACPERL");
4176 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%slib:", macperl);
4177 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4178 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4179 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ privdir, "%ssite_perl:", macperl);
4180 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(privdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 && S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4181 incpush(SvPVX(privdir), TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4183 SvREFCNT_dec(privdir);
4186 incpush(":", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4189 # define PRIVLIB_EXP "/usr/local/lib/perl5:/usr/local/lib/perl"
4192 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4194 incpush(PRIVLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4198 /* sitearch is always relative to sitelib on Windows for
4199 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4200 # if !defined(WIN32)
4201 incpush(SITEARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4207 /* this picks up sitearch as well */
4208 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE);
4210 incpush(SITELIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4214 #ifdef SITELIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4215 incpush(SITELIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4218 #ifdef PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP
4219 /* vendorarch is always relative to vendorlib on Windows for
4220 * DLL-based path intuition to work correctly */
4221 # if !defined(WIN32)
4222 incpush(PERL_VENDORARCH_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4226 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP
4228 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, TRUE, FALSE, TRUE); /* this picks up vendorarch as well */
4230 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_EXP, FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4234 #ifdef PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM /* Search for version-specific dirs below here */
4235 incpush(PERL_VENDORLIB_STEM, FALSE, TRUE, TRUE);
4238 #ifdef PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS
4239 incpush(PERL_OTHERLIBDIRS, TRUE, TRUE, TRUE);
4243 incpush(".", FALSE, FALSE, TRUE);
4244 #endif /* MACOS_TRADITIONAL */
4247 #if defined(DOSISH) || defined(EPOC)
4248 # define PERLLIB_SEP ';'
4251 # define PERLLIB_SEP '|'
4253 # if defined(MACOS_TRADITIONAL)
4254 # define PERLLIB_SEP ','
4256 # define PERLLIB_SEP ':'
4260 #ifndef PERLLIB_MANGLE
4261 # define PERLLIB_MANGLE(s,n) (s)
4265 S_incpush(pTHX_ char *p, int addsubdirs, int addoldvers, int usesep)
4267 SV *subdir = Nullsv;
4272 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4273 subdir = sv_newmortal();
4276 /* Break at all separators */
4278 SV *libdir = NEWSV(55,0);
4281 /* skip any consecutive separators */
4283 while ( *p == PERLLIB_SEP ) {
4284 /* Uncomment the next line for PATH semantics */
4285 /* av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVpvn(".", 1)); */
4290 if ( usesep && (s = strchr(p, PERLLIB_SEP)) != Nullch ) {
4291 sv_setpvn(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, (STRLEN)(s - p)),
4296 sv_setpv(libdir, PERLLIB_MANGLE(p, 0));
4297 p = Nullch; /* break out */
4299 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4300 if (!strchr(SvPVX(libdir), ':')) {
4303 sv_setpv(libdir, MacPerl_CanonDir(SvPVX(libdir), buf, 0));
4305 if (SvPVX(libdir)[SvCUR(libdir)-1] != ':')
4306 sv_catpv(libdir, ":");
4310 * BEFORE pushing libdir onto @INC we may first push version- and
4311 * archname-specific sub-directories.
4313 if (addsubdirs || addoldvers) {
4314 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4315 /* Configure terminates PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST with a NULL */
4316 const char *incverlist[] = { PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST };
4317 const char **incver;
4324 if ((unix = tounixspec_ts(SvPV(libdir,len),Nullch)) != Nullch) {
4326 while (unix[len-1] == '/') len--; /* Cosmetic */
4327 sv_usepvn(libdir,unix,len);
4330 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
4331 "Failed to unixify @INC element \"%s\"\n",
4335 #ifdef MACOS_TRADITIONAL
4336 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT ""
4337 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "%s:"
4338 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_FS_VER_FMT PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT
4340 #define PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT "/"
4341 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT "/%s"
4342 #define PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_AV_SUFFIX_FMT PERL_FS_VER_FMT
4344 /* .../version/archname if -d .../version/archname */
4345 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH PERL_ARCH_FMT,
4347 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4348 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION, ARCHNAME);
4349 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4350 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4351 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4353 /* .../version if -d .../version */
4354 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT_PATH, libdir,
4355 (int)PERL_REVISION, (int)PERL_VERSION,
4356 (int)PERL_SUBVERSION);
4357 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4358 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4359 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4361 /* .../archname if -d .../archname */
4362 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, ARCHNAME);
4363 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4364 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4365 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4368 #ifdef PERL_INC_VERSION_LIST
4370 for (incver = incverlist; *incver; incver++) {
4371 /* .../xxx if -d .../xxx */
4372 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ subdir, "%"SVf PERL_ARCH_FMT, libdir, *incver);
4373 if (PerlLIO_stat(SvPVX(subdir), &tmpstatbuf) >= 0 &&
4374 S_ISDIR(tmpstatbuf.st_mode))
4375 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), newSVsv(subdir));
4381 /* finally push this lib directory on the end of @INC */
4382 av_push(GvAVn(PL_incgv), libdir);
4386 #ifdef USE_5005THREADS
4387 STATIC struct perl_thread *
4388 S_init_main_thread(pTHX)
4390 #if !defined(PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT)
4391 struct perl_thread *thr;
4395 Newz(53, thr, 1, struct perl_thread);
4396 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4397 thr->interp = PERL_GET_INTERP;
4398 thr->cvcache = newHV();
4399 thr->threadsv = newAV();
4400 /* thr->threadsvp is set when find_threadsv is called */
4401 thr->specific = newAV();
4402 thr->flags = THRf_R_JOINABLE;
4403 MUTEX_INIT(&thr->mutex);
4404 /* Handcraft thrsv similarly to mess_sv */
4405 New(53, PL_thrsv, 1, SV);
4406 Newz(53, xpv, 1, XPV);
4407 SvFLAGS(PL_thrsv) = SVt_PV;
4408 SvANY(PL_thrsv) = (void*)xpv;
4409 SvREFCNT(PL_thrsv) = 1 << 30; /* practically infinite */
4410 SvPVX(PL_thrsv) = (char*)thr;
4411 SvCUR_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4412 SvLEN_set(PL_thrsv, sizeof(thr));
4413 *SvEND(PL_thrsv) = '\0'; /* in the trailing_nul field */
4414 thr->oursv = PL_thrsv;
4415 PL_chopset = " \n-";
4418 MUTEX_LOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4424 MUTEX_UNLOCK(&PL_threads_mutex);
4426 #ifdef HAVE_THREAD_INTERN
4427 Perl_init_thread_intern(thr);
4430 #ifdef SET_THREAD_SELF
4431 SET_THREAD_SELF(thr);
4433 thr->self = pthread_self();
4434 #endif /* SET_THREAD_SELF */
4438 * These must come after the thread self setting
4439 * because sv_setpvn does SvTAINT and the taint
4440 * fields thread selfness being set.
4442 PL_toptarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4443 sv_upgrade(PL_toptarget, SVt_PVFM);
4444 sv_setpvn(PL_toptarget, "", 0);
4445 PL_bodytarget = NEWSV(0,0);
4446 sv_upgrade(PL_bodytarget, SVt_PVFM);
4447 sv_setpvn(PL_bodytarget, "", 0);
4448 PL_formtarget = PL_bodytarget;
4449 thr->errsv = newSVpvn("", 0);
4450 (void) find_threadsv("@"); /* Ensure $@ is initialised early */
4453 PL_peepp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_peep);
4454 PL_regcompp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregcomp);
4455 PL_regexecp = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_regexec_flags);
4456 PL_regint_start = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_start);
4457 PL_regint_string = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_re_intuit_string);
4458 PL_regfree = MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_pregfree);
4460 PL_reginterp_cnt = 0;
4464 #endif /* USE_5005THREADS */
4467 Perl_call_list(pTHX_ I32 oldscope, AV *paramList)
4470 line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4476 while (AvFILL(paramList) >= 0) {
4477 cv = (CV*)av_shift(paramList);
4479 if (paramList == PL_beginav) {
4480 /* save PL_beginav for compiler */
4481 if (! PL_beginav_save)
4482 PL_beginav_save = newAV();
4483 av_push(PL_beginav_save, (SV*)cv);
4485 else if (paramList == PL_checkav) {
4486 /* save PL_checkav for compiler */
4487 if (! PL_checkav_save)
4488 PL_checkav_save = newAV();
4489 av_push(PL_checkav_save, (SV*)cv);
4494 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4495 CALLPROTECT(aTHX_ pcur_env, &ret, MEMBER_TO_FPTR(S_vcall_list_body), cv);
4501 #ifndef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4505 (void)SvPV(atsv, len);
4507 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4508 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4509 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4510 sv_catpv(atsv, "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4512 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ atsv,
4513 "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4514 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4515 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4517 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4520 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf"", atsv);
4527 /* my_exit() was called */
4528 while (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
4531 PL_curstash = PL_defstash;
4532 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4533 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4535 if (PL_statusvalue && !(PL_exit_flags & PERL_EXIT_EXPECTED)) {
4536 if (paramList == PL_beginav)
4537 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "BEGIN failed--compilation aborted");
4539 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s failed--call queue aborted",
4540 paramList == PL_checkav ? "CHECK"
4541 : paramList == PL_initav ? "INIT"
4548 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
4549 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4552 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "panic: restartop\n");
4560 #ifdef PERL_FLEXIBLE_EXCEPTIONS
4562 S_vcall_list_body(pTHX_ va_list args)
4564 CV *cv = va_arg(args, CV*);
4565 return call_list_body(cv);
4570 S_call_list_body(pTHX_ CV *cv)
4572 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
4573 call_sv((SV*)cv, G_EVAL|G_DISCARD);
4578 Perl_my_exit(pTHX_ U32 status)
4580 DEBUG_S(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "my_exit: thread %p, status %lu\n",
4581 thr, (unsigned long) status));
4590 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(status);
4597 Perl_my_failure_exit(pTHX)
4600 if (vaxc$errno & 1) {
4601 if (STATUS_NATIVE & 1) /* fortuitiously includes "-1" */
4602 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4605 if (!vaxc$errno) /* unlikely */
4606 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(44);
4608 STATUS_NATIVE_SET(vaxc$errno);
4613 STATUS_POSIX_SET(errno);
4615 exitstatus = STATUS_POSIX >> 8;
4616 if (exitstatus & 255)
4617 STATUS_POSIX_SET(exitstatus);
4619 STATUS_POSIX_SET(255);
4626 S_my_exit_jump(pTHX)
4628 register PERL_CONTEXT *cx;
4633 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_e_script);
4634 PL_e_script = Nullsv;
4637 POPSTACK_TO(PL_mainstack);
4638 if (cxstack_ix >= 0) {
4641 POPBLOCK(cx,PL_curpm);
4649 read_e_script(pTHX_ int idx, SV *buf_sv, int maxlen)
4652 p = SvPVX(PL_e_script);
4653 nl = strchr(p, '\n');
4654 nl = (nl) ? nl+1 : SvEND(PL_e_script);
4656 filter_del(read_e_script);
4659 sv_catpvn(buf_sv, p, nl-p);
4660 sv_chop(PL_e_script, nl);