3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * Then he heard Merry change the note, and up went the Horn-cry of Buckland,
15 * Awake! Awake! Fear, Fire, Foes! Awake!
18 * [p.1007 of _The Lord of the Rings_, VI/viii: "The Scouring of the Shire"]
21 /* This file contains 'hot' pp ("push/pop") functions that
22 * execute the opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function
23 * expects to find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its
24 * results onto the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure
25 * contains a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
27 * By 'hot', we mean common ops whose execution speed is critical.
28 * By gathering them together into a single file, we encourage
29 * CPU cache hits on hot code. Also it could be taken as a warning not to
30 * change any code in this file unless you're sure it won't affect
35 #define PERL_IN_PP_HOT_C
51 PL_curcop = (COP*)PL_op;
52 TAINT_NOT; /* Each statement is presumed innocent */
53 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + cxstack[cxstack_ix].blk_oldsp;
64 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
65 PUSHs(save_scalar(cGVOP_gv));
67 PUSHs(GvSVn(cGVOP_gv));
77 /* This is sometimes called directly by pp_coreargs and pp_grepstart. */
81 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
96 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cGVOP_gv));
107 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_AND)
109 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
116 /* sassign keeps its args in the optree traditionally backwards.
117 So we pop them differently.
119 SV *left = POPs; SV *right = TOPs;
121 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS) {
122 SV * const temp = left;
123 left = right; right = temp;
125 if (PL_tainting && PL_tainted && !SvTAINTED(right))
127 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV) {
128 SV * const cv = SvRV(right);
129 const U32 cv_type = SvTYPE(cv);
130 const bool is_gv = isGV_with_GP(left);
131 const bool got_coderef = cv_type == SVt_PVCV || cv_type == SVt_PVFM;
137 /* Can do the optimisation if left (LVALUE) is not a typeglob,
138 right (RVALUE) is a reference to something, and we're in void
140 if (!got_coderef && !is_gv && GIMME_V == G_VOID) {
141 /* Is the target symbol table currently empty? */
142 GV * const gv = gv_fetchsv_nomg(left, GV_NOINIT, SVt_PVGV);
143 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV && !SvOK(gv)) {
144 /* Good. Create a new proxy constant subroutine in the target.
145 The gv becomes a(nother) reference to the constant. */
146 SV *const value = SvRV(cv);
148 SvUPGRADE(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_IV);
149 SvPCS_IMPORTED_on(gv);
151 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(value);
157 /* Need to fix things up. */
159 /* Need to fix GV. */
160 left = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv_nomg(left,GV_ADD, SVt_PVGV));
164 /* We've been returned a constant rather than a full subroutine,
165 but they expect a subroutine reference to apply. */
167 ENTER_with_name("sassign_coderef");
168 SvREFCNT_inc_void(SvRV(cv));
169 /* newCONSTSUB takes a reference count on the passed in SV
170 from us. We set the name to NULL, otherwise we get into
171 all sorts of fun as the reference to our new sub is
172 donated to the GV that we're about to assign to.
174 SvRV_set(right, MUTABLE_SV(newCONSTSUB(GvSTASH(left), NULL,
177 LEAVE_with_name("sassign_coderef");
179 /* What can happen for the corner case *{"BONK"} = \&{"BONK"};
181 First: ops for \&{"BONK"}; return us the constant in the
183 Second: ops for *{"BONK"} cause that symbol table entry
184 (and our reference to it) to be upgraded from RV
186 Thirdly: We get here. cv is actually PVGV now, and its
187 GvCV() is actually the subroutine we're looking for
189 So change the reference so that it points to the subroutine
190 of that typeglob, as that's what they were after all along.
192 GV *const upgraded = MUTABLE_GV(cv);
193 CV *const source = GvCV(upgraded);
196 assert(CvFLAGS(source) & CVf_CONST);
198 SvREFCNT_inc_void(source);
199 SvREFCNT_dec(upgraded);
200 SvRV_set(right, MUTABLE_SV(source));
206 SvTEMP(left) && !SvSMAGICAL(left) && SvREFCNT(left) == 1 &&
207 (!isGV_with_GP(left) || SvFAKE(left)) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)
210 packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Useless assignment to a temporary"
212 SvSetMagicSV(left, right);
222 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
224 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_next);
231 TAINT_NOT; /* Each statement is presumed innocent */
232 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + cxstack[cxstack_ix].blk_oldsp;
234 if (!(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
235 I32 oldsave = PL_scopestack[PL_scopestack_ix - 1];
236 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
243 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin_MG(concat_amg, AMGf_assign);
248 const char *rpv = NULL;
250 bool rcopied = FALSE;
252 if (TARG == right && right != left) { /* $r = $l.$r */
253 rpv = SvPV_nomg_const(right, rlen);
254 rbyte = !DO_UTF8(right);
255 right = newSVpvn_flags(rpv, rlen, SVs_TEMP);
256 rpv = SvPV_const(right, rlen); /* no point setting UTF-8 here */
260 if (TARG != left) { /* not $l .= $r */
262 const char* const lpv = SvPV_nomg_const(left, llen);
263 lbyte = !DO_UTF8(left);
264 sv_setpvn(TARG, lpv, llen);
270 else { /* $l .= $r */
272 if (left == right && ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) /* $l .= $l */
273 report_uninit(right);
276 lbyte = (SvROK(left) && SvTYPE(SvRV(left)) == SVt_REGEXP)
277 ? !DO_UTF8(SvRV(left)) : !DO_UTF8(left);
284 /* $r.$r: do magic twice: tied might return different 2nd time */
286 rpv = SvPV_nomg_const(right, rlen);
287 rbyte = !DO_UTF8(right);
289 if (lbyte != rbyte) {
290 /* sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg() may reallocate the stack */
293 sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(TARG);
296 right = newSVpvn_flags(rpv, rlen, SVs_TEMP);
297 sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(right);
298 rpv = SvPV_nomg_const(right, rlen);
302 sv_catpvn_nomg(TARG, rpv, rlen);
313 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD) {
314 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
315 if (!(PL_op->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE))
316 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ));
317 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
319 TOPs = vivify_ref(TOPs, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF);
332 tryAMAGICunTARGETlist(iter_amg, 0, 0);
333 PL_last_in_gv = MUTABLE_GV(*PL_stack_sp--);
335 else PL_last_in_gv = PL_argvgv, PL_stack_sp--;
336 if (!isGV_with_GP(PL_last_in_gv)) {
337 if (SvROK(PL_last_in_gv) && isGV_with_GP(SvRV(PL_last_in_gv)))
338 PL_last_in_gv = MUTABLE_GV(SvRV(PL_last_in_gv));
341 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(PL_last_in_gv));
344 PL_last_in_gv = MUTABLE_GV(*PL_stack_sp--);
347 return do_readline();
355 tryAMAGICbin_MG(eq_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
359 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
360 ? (SvIVX(left) == SvIVX(right))
361 : ( do_ncmp(left, right) == 0)
370 PL_op->op_type == OP_PREINC || PL_op->op_type == OP_I_PREINC;
371 if (SvTYPE(TOPs) >= SVt_PVAV || (isGV_with_GP(TOPs) && !SvFAKE(TOPs)))
372 Perl_croak_no_modify(aTHX);
373 if (!SvREADONLY(TOPs) && !SvGMAGICAL(TOPs) && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)
374 && SvIVX(TOPs) != (inc ? IV_MAX : IV_MIN))
376 SvIV_set(TOPs, SvIVX(TOPs) + (inc ? 1 : -1));
377 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
379 else /* Do all the PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV conditionals in sv_inc */
380 if (inc) sv_inc(TOPs);
393 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_OR)
395 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
404 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
405 const bool is_dor = (op_type == OP_DOR || op_type == OP_DORASSIGN);
410 if (!sv || !SvANY(sv)) {
411 if (op_type == OP_DOR)
413 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
419 if (!sv || !SvANY(sv))
424 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
426 if (AvMAX(sv) >= 0 || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || (SvRMAGICAL(sv) && mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
430 if (HvARRAY(sv) || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || (SvRMAGICAL(sv) && mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
434 if (CvROOT(sv) || CvXSUB(sv))
447 if(op_type == OP_DOR)
449 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
451 /* assuming OP_DEFINED */
459 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; bool useleft; SV *svl, *svr;
460 tryAMAGICbin_MG(add_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
464 useleft = USE_LEFT(svl);
465 #ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
466 /* We must see if we can perform the addition with integers if possible,
467 as the integer code detects overflow while the NV code doesn't.
468 If either argument hasn't had a numeric conversion yet attempt to get
469 the IV. It's important to do this now, rather than just assuming that
470 it's not IOK as a PV of "9223372036854775806" may not take well to NV
471 addition, and an SV which is NOK, NV=6.0 ought to be coerced to
472 integer in case the second argument is IV=9223372036854775806
473 We can (now) rely on sv_2iv to do the right thing, only setting the
474 public IOK flag if the value in the NV (or PV) slot is truly integer.
476 A side effect is that this also aggressively prefers integer maths over
477 fp maths for integer values.
479 How to detect overflow?
481 C 99 section 6.2.6.1 says
483 The range of nonnegative values of a signed integer type is a subrange
484 of the corresponding unsigned integer type, and the representation of
485 the same value in each type is the same. A computation involving
486 unsigned operands can never overflow, because a result that cannot be
487 represented by the resulting unsigned integer type is reduced modulo
488 the number that is one greater than the largest value that can be
489 represented by the resulting type.
493 which I read as "unsigned ints wrap."
495 signed integer overflow seems to be classed as "exception condition"
497 If an exceptional condition occurs during the evaluation of an
498 expression (that is, if the result is not mathematically defined or not
499 in the range of representable values for its type), the behavior is
502 (6.5, the 5th paragraph)
504 I had assumed that on 2s complement machines signed arithmetic would
505 wrap, hence coded pp_add and pp_subtract on the assumption that
506 everything perl builds on would be happy. After much wailing and
507 gnashing of teeth it would seem that irix64 knows its ANSI spec well,
508 knows that it doesn't need to, and doesn't. Bah. Anyway, the all-
509 unsigned code below is actually shorter than the old code. :-)
512 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr)) {
513 /* Unless the left argument is integer in range we are going to have to
514 use NV maths. Hence only attempt to coerce the right argument if
515 we know the left is integer. */
523 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero. + 0 is identity,
524 Could SETi or SETu right now, but space optimise by not adding
525 lots of code to speed up what is probably a rarish case. */
527 /* Left operand is defined, so is it IV? */
528 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
529 if ((auvok = SvUOK(svl)))
532 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
535 auvok = 1; /* Now acting as a sign flag. */
536 } else { /* 2s complement assumption for IV_MIN */
544 bool result_good = 0;
547 bool buvok = SvUOK(svr);
552 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
559 /* ?uvok if value is >= 0. basically, flagged as UV if it's +ve,
560 else "IV" now, independent of how it came in.
561 if a, b represents positive, A, B negative, a maps to -A etc
566 all UV maths. negate result if A negative.
567 add if signs same, subtract if signs differ. */
573 /* Must get smaller */
579 /* result really should be -(auv-buv). as its negation
580 of true value, need to swap our result flag */
597 if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
600 /* result valid, but out of range for IV. */
605 } /* Overflow, drop through to NVs. */
610 NV value = SvNV_nomg(svr);
613 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero. + 0.0 is identity. */
617 SETn( value + SvNV_nomg(svl) );
625 AV * const av = PL_op->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST_LEX
626 ? MUTABLE_AV(PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ)) : GvAVn(cGVOP_gv);
627 const U32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
628 SV** const svp = av_fetch(av, PL_op->op_private, lval);
629 SV *sv = (svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
631 if (!lval && SvRMAGICAL(av) && SvGMAGICAL(sv)) /* see note in pp_helem() */
639 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dTARGET;
641 do_join(TARG, *MARK, MARK, SP);
652 * We ass_u_me that LvTARGOFF() comes first, and that two STRLENs
653 * will be enough to hold an OP*.
655 SV* const sv = sv_newmortal();
656 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVLV);
658 Copy(&PL_op, &LvTARGOFF(sv), 1, OP*);
661 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(PL_op));
666 /* Oversized hot code. */
670 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
674 = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) ? MUTABLE_GV(*++MARK) : PL_defoutgv;
678 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
681 if (MARK == ORIGMARK) {
682 /* If using default handle then we need to make space to
683 * pass object as 1st arg, so move other args up ...
687 Move(MARK, MARK + 1, (SP - MARK) + 1, SV*);
690 return Perl_tied_method(aTHX_ "PRINT", mark - 1, MUTABLE_SV(io),
692 (G_SCALAR | TIED_METHOD_ARGUMENTS_ON_STACK
693 | (PL_op->op_type == OP_SAY
694 ? TIED_METHOD_SAY : 0)), sp - mark);
697 if ( gv && GvEGVx(gv) && (io = GvIO(GvEGV(gv)))
698 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
701 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
704 else if (!(fp = IoOFP(io))) {
706 report_wrongway_fh(gv, '<');
709 SETERRNO(EBADF,IoIFP(io)?RMS_FAC:RMS_IFI);
713 SV * const ofs = GvSV(PL_ofsgv); /* $, */
715 if (ofs && (SvGMAGICAL(ofs) || SvOK(ofs))) {
717 if (!do_print(*MARK, fp))
721 /* don't use 'ofs' here - it may be invalidated by magic callbacks */
722 if (!do_print(GvSV(PL_ofsgv), fp)) {
731 if (!do_print(*MARK, fp))
739 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_SAY) {
740 if (PerlIO_write(fp, "\n", 1) == 0 || PerlIO_error(fp))
743 else if (PL_ors_sv && SvOK(PL_ors_sv))
744 if (!do_print(PL_ors_sv, fp)) /* $\ */
747 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FLUSH)
748 if (PerlIO_flush(fp) == EOF)
758 XPUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
765 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
766 static const char an_array[] = "an ARRAY";
767 static const char a_hash[] = "a HASH";
768 const bool is_pp_rv2av = PL_op->op_type == OP_RV2AV;
769 const svtype type = is_pp_rv2av ? SVt_PVAV : SVt_PVHV;
774 sv = amagic_deref_call(sv, is_pp_rv2av ? to_av_amg : to_hv_amg);
777 if (SvTYPE(sv) != type)
778 /* diag_listed_as: Not an ARRAY reference */
779 DIE(aTHX_ "Not %s reference", is_pp_rv2av ? an_array : a_hash);
780 else if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD
781 && PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
782 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_localize_ref);
784 else if (SvTYPE(sv) != type) {
787 if (!isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
788 gv = Perl_softref2xv(aTHX_ sv, is_pp_rv2av ? an_array : a_hash,
796 sv = is_pp_rv2av ? MUTABLE_SV(GvAVn(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(GvHVn(gv));
797 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
798 sv = is_pp_rv2av ? MUTABLE_SV(save_ary(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(save_hash(gv));
800 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
804 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_LVSUB) {
805 const I32 flags = is_lvalue_sub();
806 if (flags && !(flags & OPpENTERSUB_INARGS)) {
807 if (gimme != G_ARRAY)
808 goto croak_cant_return;
815 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(sv);
816 /* The guts of pp_rv2av, with no intending change to preserve history
817 (until such time as we get tools that can do blame annotation across
818 whitespace changes. */
819 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
820 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(av) + 1;
821 (void)POPs; /* XXXX May be optimized away? */
823 if (SvRMAGICAL(av)) {
825 for (i=0; i < (U32)maxarg; i++) {
826 SV ** const svp = av_fetch(av, i, FALSE);
827 /* See note in pp_helem, and bug id #27839 */
829 ? SvGMAGICAL(*svp) ? (mg_get(*svp), *svp) : *svp
834 Copy(AvARRAY(av), SP+1, maxarg, SV*);
838 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
840 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(av) + 1;
844 /* The guts of pp_rv2hv */
845 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) { /* array wanted */
847 return Perl_do_kv(aTHX);
849 else if ((PL_op->op_private & OPpTRUEBOOL
850 || ( PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_TRUEBOOL
851 && block_gimme() == G_VOID ))
852 && (!SvRMAGICAL(sv) || !mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
853 SETs(HvUSEDKEYS(sv) ? &PL_sv_yes : sv_2mortal(newSViv(0)));
854 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
856 TARG = Perl_hv_scalar(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(sv));
864 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context",
865 is_pp_rv2av ? "array" : "hash");
870 S_do_oddball(pTHX_ HV *hash, SV **relem, SV **firstrelem)
874 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_ODDBALL;
880 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) {
882 if (relem == firstrelem &&
884 (SvTYPE(SvRV(*relem)) == SVt_PVAV ||
885 SvTYPE(SvRV(*relem)) == SVt_PVHV))
887 err = "Reference found where even-sized list expected";
890 err = "Odd number of elements in hash assignment";
891 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "%s", err);
895 didstore = hv_store_ent(hash,*relem,tmpstr,0);
896 if (SvMAGICAL(hash)) {
897 if (SvSMAGICAL(tmpstr))
909 SV **lastlelem = PL_stack_sp;
910 SV **lastrelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK;
911 SV **firstrelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK + 1;
912 SV **firstlelem = lastrelem + 1;
925 SV **firsthashrelem = NULL; /* "= 0" keeps gcc 2.95 quiet */
927 PL_delaymagic = DM_DELAY; /* catch simultaneous items */
930 /* If there's a common identifier on both sides we have to take
931 * special care that assigning the identifier on the left doesn't
932 * clobber a value on the right that's used later in the list.
933 * Don't bother if LHS is just an empty hash or array.
936 if ( (PL_op->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON)
938 firstlelem != lastlelem
939 || ! ((sv = *firstlelem))
941 || ! (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVHV)
942 || (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV && AvFILL((AV*)sv) != -1)
943 || (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVHV && HvUSEDKEYS((HV*)sv) != 0)
946 EXTEND_MORTAL(lastrelem - firstrelem + 1);
947 for (relem = firstrelem; relem <= lastrelem; relem++) {
949 TAINT_NOT; /* Each item is independent */
951 /* Dear TODO test in t/op/sort.t, I love you.
952 (It's relying on a panic, not a "semi-panic" from newSVsv()
953 and then an assertion failure below.) */
954 if (SvIS_FREED(sv)) {
955 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: attempt to copy freed scalar %p",
958 /* Specifically *not* sv_mortalcopy(), as that will steal TEMPs,
959 and we need a second copy of a temp here. */
960 *relem = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(sv));
970 while (lelem <= lastlelem) {
971 TAINT_NOT; /* Each item stands on its own, taintwise. */
973 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
975 ary = MUTABLE_AV(sv);
976 magic = SvMAGICAL(ary) != 0;
978 SAVEFREESV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(sv));
980 av_extend(ary, lastrelem - relem);
982 while (relem <= lastrelem) { /* gobble up all the rest */
986 sv_setsv(sv, *relem);
988 didstore = av_store(ary,i++,sv);
997 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_ARRAY_ISA)
998 SvSETMAGIC(MUTABLE_SV(ary));
1001 case SVt_PVHV: { /* normal hash */
1003 SV** topelem = relem;
1005 hash = MUTABLE_HV(sv);
1006 magic = SvMAGICAL(hash) != 0;
1008 SAVEFREESV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(sv));
1010 firsthashrelem = relem;
1012 while (relem < lastrelem) { /* gobble up all the rest */
1014 sv = *relem ? *relem : &PL_sv_no;
1018 sv_setsv(tmpstr,*relem); /* value */
1020 if (gimme != G_VOID) {
1021 if (hv_exists_ent(hash, sv, 0))
1022 /* key overwrites an existing entry */
1025 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1026 /* copy element back: possibly to an earlier
1027 * stack location if we encountered dups earlier */
1029 *topelem++ = tmpstr;
1032 didstore = hv_store_ent(hash,sv,tmpstr,0);
1034 if (SvSMAGICAL(tmpstr))
1041 if (relem == lastrelem) {
1042 do_oddball(hash, relem, firstrelem);
1049 if (SvIMMORTAL(sv)) {
1050 if (relem <= lastrelem)
1054 if (relem <= lastrelem) {
1056 SvTEMP(sv) && !SvSMAGICAL(sv) && SvREFCNT(sv) == 1 &&
1057 (!isGV_with_GP(sv) || SvFAKE(sv)) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)
1060 packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1061 "Useless assignment to a temporary"
1063 sv_setsv(sv, *relem);
1067 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
1072 if (PL_delaymagic & ~DM_DELAY) {
1073 /* Will be used to set PL_tainting below */
1074 UV tmp_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
1075 UV tmp_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
1076 UV tmp_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
1077 UV tmp_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
1079 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) {
1080 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
1081 (void)setresuid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RUID) ? PL_delaymagic_uid : (Uid_t)-1,
1082 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EUID) ? PL_delaymagic_euid : (Uid_t)-1,
1085 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
1086 (void)setreuid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RUID) ? PL_delaymagic_uid : (Uid_t)-1,
1087 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EUID) ? PL_delaymagic_euid : (Uid_t)-1);
1090 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) == DM_RUID) {
1091 (void)setruid(PL_delaymagic_uid);
1092 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_RUID;
1094 # endif /* HAS_SETRUID */
1096 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) == DM_EUID) {
1097 (void)seteuid(PL_delaymagic_euid);
1098 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_EUID;
1100 # endif /* HAS_SETEUID */
1101 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) {
1102 if (PL_delaymagic_uid != PL_delaymagic_euid)
1103 DIE(aTHX_ "No setreuid available");
1104 (void)PerlProc_setuid(PL_delaymagic_uid);
1106 # endif /* HAS_SETREUID */
1107 #endif /* HAS_SETRESUID */
1108 tmp_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
1109 tmp_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
1111 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) {
1112 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
1113 (void)setresgid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RGID) ? PL_delaymagic_gid : (Gid_t)-1,
1114 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EGID) ? PL_delaymagic_egid : (Gid_t)-1,
1117 # ifdef HAS_SETREGID
1118 (void)setregid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RGID) ? PL_delaymagic_gid : (Gid_t)-1,
1119 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EGID) ? PL_delaymagic_egid : (Gid_t)-1);
1122 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) == DM_RGID) {
1123 (void)setrgid(PL_delaymagic_gid);
1124 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_RGID;
1126 # endif /* HAS_SETRGID */
1128 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) == DM_EGID) {
1129 (void)setegid(PL_delaymagic_egid);
1130 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_EGID;
1132 # endif /* HAS_SETEGID */
1133 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) {
1134 if (PL_delaymagic_gid != PL_delaymagic_egid)
1135 DIE(aTHX_ "No setregid available");
1136 (void)PerlProc_setgid(PL_delaymagic_gid);
1138 # endif /* HAS_SETREGID */
1139 #endif /* HAS_SETRESGID */
1140 tmp_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
1141 tmp_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
1143 PL_tainting |= (tmp_uid && (tmp_euid != tmp_uid || tmp_egid != tmp_gid));
1147 if (gimme == G_VOID)
1148 SP = firstrelem - 1;
1149 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1152 SETi(lastrelem - firstrelem + 1 - duplicates);
1159 /* at this point we have removed the duplicate key/value
1160 * pairs from the stack, but the remaining values may be
1161 * wrong; i.e. with (a 1 a 2 b 3) on the stack we've removed
1162 * the (a 2), but the stack now probably contains
1163 * (a <freed> b 3), because { hv_save(a,1); hv_save(a,2) }
1164 * obliterates the earlier key. So refresh all values. */
1165 lastrelem -= duplicates;
1166 relem = firsthashrelem;
1167 while (relem < lastrelem) {
1170 he = hv_fetch_ent(hash, sv, 0, 0);
1171 *relem++ = (he ? HeVAL(he) : &PL_sv_undef);
1177 SP = firstrelem + (lastlelem - firstlelem);
1178 lelem = firstlelem + (relem - firstrelem);
1180 *relem++ = (lelem <= lastlelem) ? *lelem++ : &PL_sv_undef;
1189 PMOP * const pm = cPMOP;
1190 REGEXP * rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
1191 SV * const pkg = rx ? CALLREG_PACKAGE(rx) : NULL;
1192 SV * const rv = sv_newmortal();
1196 SvUPGRADE(rv, SVt_IV);
1197 /* For a subroutine describing itself as "This is a hacky workaround" I'm
1198 loathe to use it here, but it seems to be the right fix. Or close.
1199 The key part appears to be that it's essential for pp_qr to return a new
1200 object (SV), which implies that there needs to be an effective way to
1201 generate a new SV from the existing SV that is pre-compiled in the
1203 SvRV_set(rv, MUTABLE_SV(reg_temp_copy(NULL, rx)));
1206 cvp = &( ((struct regexp*)SvANY(SvRV(rv)))->qr_anoncv);
1207 if ((cv = *cvp) && CvCLONE(*cvp)) {
1208 *cvp = cv_clone(cv);
1213 HV *const stash = gv_stashsv(pkg, GV_ADD);
1215 (void)sv_bless(rv, stash);
1218 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_TAINTED) {
1220 SvTAINTED_on(SvRV(rv));
1235 U8 r_flags = REXEC_CHECKED;
1236 const char *truebase; /* Start of string */
1237 REGEXP *rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
1239 const I32 gimme = GIMME;
1242 const I32 oldsave = PL_savestack_ix;
1243 I32 update_minmatch = 1;
1244 I32 had_zerolen = 0;
1247 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
1249 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1256 PUTBACK; /* EVAL blocks need stack_sp. */
1257 /* Skip get-magic if this is a qr// clone, because regcomp has
1259 s = ((struct regexp *)SvANY(rx))->mother_re
1260 ? SvPV_nomg_const(TARG, len)
1261 : SvPV_const(TARG, len);
1263 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_match");
1265 rxtainted = ((RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_TAINTED) ||
1266 (PL_tainted && (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_RETAINT)));
1269 RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, DO_UTF8(TARG));
1271 /* PMdf_USED is set after a ?? matches once */
1274 SvREADONLY(PL_regex_pad[pm->op_pmoffset])
1276 pm->op_pmflags & PMf_USED
1279 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "?? already matched once"));
1282 if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
1289 /* empty pattern special-cased to use last successful pattern if possible */
1290 if (!RX_PRELEN(rx) && PL_curpm) {
1295 if (RX_MINLEN(rx) > (I32)len) {
1296 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "String shorter than min possible regex match\n"));
1302 /* XXXX What part of this is needed with true \G-support? */
1303 if ((global = dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL)) {
1304 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = -1;
1305 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG)) {
1306 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1307 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0) {
1308 if (!(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_GPOS_SEEN))
1309 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = mg->mg_len;
1310 else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_ANCH_GPOS) {
1311 r_flags |= REXEC_IGNOREPOS;
1312 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = mg->mg_len;
1313 } else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_GPOS_FLOAT)
1316 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = mg->mg_len;
1317 minmatch = (mg->mg_flags & MGf_MINMATCH) ? RX_GOFS(rx) + 1 : 0;
1318 update_minmatch = 0;
1324 || (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & (RXf_EVAL_SEEN|RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY))
1326 r_flags |= (REXEC_COPY_STR|REXEC_COPY_SKIP_PRE);
1327 /* in @a =~ /(.)/g, we iterate multiple times, but copy the buffer
1328 * only on the first iteration. Therefore we need to copy $' as well
1329 * as $&, to make the rest of the string available for captures in
1330 * subsequent iterations */
1331 if (! (global && gimme == G_ARRAY))
1332 r_flags |= REXEC_COPY_SKIP_POST;
1336 if (global && RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1) {
1337 t = s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + truebase - RX_GOFS(rx);
1338 if ((s + RX_MINLEN(rx)) > strend || s < truebase) {
1339 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Regex match can't succeed, so not even tried\n"));
1342 if (update_minmatch++)
1343 minmatch = had_zerolen;
1345 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_USE_INTUIT &&
1346 DO_UTF8(TARG) == (RX_UTF8(rx) != 0)) {
1347 /* FIXME - can PL_bostr be made const char *? */
1348 PL_bostr = (char *)truebase;
1349 s = CALLREG_INTUIT_START(rx, TARG, (char *)s, (char *)strend, r_flags, NULL);
1353 if ( (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_CHECK_ALL)
1355 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY)
1356 && !SvROK(TARG)) /* Cannot trust since INTUIT cannot guess ^ */
1359 if (!CALLREGEXEC(rx, (char*)s, (char *)strend, (char*)truebase,
1360 minmatch, TARG, NUM2PTR(void*, gpos), r_flags))
1364 if (dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE) {
1366 SvREADONLY_on(PL_regex_pad[dynpm->op_pmoffset]);
1368 dynpm->op_pmflags |= PMf_USED;
1374 RX_MATCH_TAINTED_on(rx);
1375 TAINT_IF(RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx));
1376 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1377 const I32 nparens = RX_NPARENS(rx);
1378 I32 i = (global && !nparens) ? 1 : 0;
1380 SPAGAIN; /* EVAL blocks could move the stack. */
1381 EXTEND(SP, nparens + i);
1382 EXTEND_MORTAL(nparens + i);
1383 for (i = !i; i <= nparens; i++) {
1384 PUSHs(sv_newmortal());
1385 if ((RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start != -1) && RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end != -1 ) {
1386 const I32 len = RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end - RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start;
1387 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start + truebase;
1388 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end < 0 || RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start < 0 ||
1389 len < 0 || len > strend - s)
1390 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_match start/end pointers, i=%ld, "
1391 "start=%ld, end=%ld, s=%p, strend=%p, len=%"UVuf,
1392 (long) i, (long) RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start,
1393 (long)RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end, s, strend, (UV) len);
1394 sv_setpvn(*SP, s, len);
1395 if (DO_UTF8(TARG) && is_utf8_string((U8*)s, len))
1400 if (dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_CONTINUE) {
1402 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG))
1403 mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1405 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1407 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG, 0);
1409 mg = sv_magicext(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global,
1410 &PL_vtbl_mglob, NULL, 0);
1412 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1) {
1413 mg->mg_len = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end;
1414 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + RX_GOFS(rx) == (UV)RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end)
1415 mg->mg_flags |= MGf_MINMATCH;
1417 mg->mg_flags &= ~MGf_MINMATCH;
1420 had_zerolen = (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1
1421 && (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + RX_GOFS(rx)
1422 == (UV)RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end));
1423 PUTBACK; /* EVAL blocks may use stack */
1424 r_flags |= REXEC_IGNOREPOS | REXEC_NOT_FIRST;
1429 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1435 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG))
1436 mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1440 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1442 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG, 0);
1444 mg = sv_magicext(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global,
1445 &PL_vtbl_mglob, NULL, 0);
1447 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1) {
1448 mg->mg_len = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end;
1449 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + RX_GOFS(rx) == (UV)RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end)
1450 mg->mg_flags |= MGf_MINMATCH;
1452 mg->mg_flags &= ~MGf_MINMATCH;
1455 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1459 yup: /* Confirmed by INTUIT */
1461 RX_MATCH_TAINTED_on(rx);
1462 TAINT_IF(RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx));
1464 if (dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE) {
1466 SvREADONLY_on(PL_regex_pad[dynpm->op_pmoffset]);
1468 dynpm->op_pmflags |= PMf_USED;
1471 if (RX_MATCH_COPIED(rx))
1472 Safefree(RX_SUBBEG(rx));
1473 RX_MATCH_COPIED_off(rx);
1474 RX_SUBBEG(rx) = NULL;
1476 /* FIXME - should rx->subbeg be const char *? */
1477 RX_SUBBEG(rx) = (char *) truebase;
1478 RX_SUBOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1479 RX_SUBCOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1480 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = s - truebase;
1481 if (RX_MATCH_UTF8(rx)) {
1482 char * const t = (char*)utf8_hop((U8*)s, RX_MINLENRET(rx));
1483 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = t - truebase;
1486 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = s - truebase + RX_MINLENRET(rx);
1488 RX_SUBLEN(rx) = strend - truebase;
1491 if (PL_sawampersand || RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY) {
1493 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1494 if (SvIsCOW(TARG) || (SvFLAGS(TARG) & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS) {
1496 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1497 "Copy on write: pp_match $& capture, type %d, truebase=%p, t=%p, difference %d\n",
1498 (int) SvTYPE(TARG), (void*)truebase, (void*)t,
1501 RX_SAVED_COPY(rx) = sv_setsv_cow(RX_SAVED_COPY(rx), TARG);
1503 = (char *) SvPVX_const(RX_SAVED_COPY(rx)) + (t - truebase);
1504 assert (SvPOKp(RX_SAVED_COPY(rx)));
1509 RX_SUBBEG(rx) = savepvn(t, strend - t);
1510 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1511 RX_SAVED_COPY(rx) = NULL;
1514 RX_SUBLEN(rx) = strend - t;
1515 RX_SUBOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1516 RX_SUBCOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1517 RX_MATCH_COPIED_on(rx);
1518 off = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = s - t;
1519 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = off + RX_MINLENRET(rx);
1521 else { /* startp/endp are used by @- @+. */
1522 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = s - truebase;
1523 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = s - truebase + RX_MINLENRET(rx);
1525 /* match via INTUIT shouldn't have any captures. Let @-, @+, $^N know */
1526 assert(!RX_NPARENS(rx));
1527 RX_LASTPAREN(rx) = RX_LASTCLOSEPAREN(rx) = 0;
1528 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1533 if (global && !(dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_CONTINUE)) {
1534 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG)) {
1535 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1540 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1541 if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
1547 Perl_do_readline(pTHX)
1549 dVAR; dSP; dTARGETSTACKED;
1554 IO * const io = GvIO(PL_last_in_gv);
1555 const I32 type = PL_op->op_type;
1556 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
1559 const MAGIC *const mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar);
1561 Perl_tied_method(aTHX_ "READLINE", SP, MUTABLE_SV(io), mg, gimme, 0);
1562 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1564 SvSetSV_nosteal(TARG, TOPs);
1574 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) {
1575 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START) {
1577 if (av_len(GvAVn(PL_last_in_gv)) < 0) {
1578 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
1579 do_open(PL_last_in_gv,"-",1,FALSE,O_RDONLY,0,NULL);
1580 SvTAINTED_off(GvSVn(PL_last_in_gv)); /* previous tainting irrelevant */
1581 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(PL_last_in_gv), "-");
1582 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(PL_last_in_gv));
1587 fp = nextargv(PL_last_in_gv);
1588 if (!fp) { /* Note: fp != IoIFP(io) */
1589 (void)do_close(PL_last_in_gv, FALSE); /* now it does*/
1592 else if (type == OP_GLOB)
1593 fp = Perl_start_glob(aTHX_ POPs, io);
1595 else if (type == OP_GLOB)
1597 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
1598 report_wrongway_fh(PL_last_in_gv, '>');
1602 if ((!io || !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START))
1603 && ckWARN2(WARN_GLOB, WARN_CLOSED))
1605 if (type == OP_GLOB)
1606 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB),
1607 "glob failed (can't start child: %s)",
1610 report_evil_fh(PL_last_in_gv);
1612 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1613 /* undef TARG, and push that undefined value */
1614 if (type != OP_RCATLINE) {
1615 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(TARG);
1623 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1625 if (type == OP_RCATLINE && SvGMAGICAL(sv))
1628 if (type == OP_RCATLINE)
1629 SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
1633 else if (isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
1634 SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
1636 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
1637 tmplen = SvLEN(sv); /* remember if already alloced */
1638 if (!tmplen && !SvREADONLY(sv)) {
1639 /* try short-buffering it. Please update t/op/readline.t
1640 * if you change the growth length.
1645 if (type == OP_RCATLINE && SvOK(sv)) {
1647 SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
1653 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(80));
1657 /* This should not be marked tainted if the fp is marked clean */
1658 #define MAYBE_TAINT_LINE(io, sv) \
1659 if (!(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_UNTAINT)) { \
1664 /* delay EOF state for a snarfed empty file */
1665 #define SNARF_EOF(gimme,rs,io,sv) \
1666 (gimme != G_SCALAR || SvCUR(sv) \
1667 || (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_NOLINE) || !RsSNARF(rs))
1671 if (!sv_gets(sv, fp, offset)
1673 || SNARF_EOF(gimme, PL_rs, io, sv)
1674 || PerlIO_error(fp)))
1676 PerlIO_clearerr(fp);
1677 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) {
1678 fp = nextargv(PL_last_in_gv);
1681 (void)do_close(PL_last_in_gv, FALSE);
1683 else if (type == OP_GLOB) {
1684 if (!do_close(PL_last_in_gv, FALSE)) {
1685 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB),
1686 "glob failed (child exited with status %d%s)",
1687 (int)(STATUS_CURRENT >> 8),
1688 (STATUS_CURRENT & 0x80) ? ", core dumped" : "");
1691 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1692 if (type != OP_RCATLINE) {
1693 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(TARG);
1699 MAYBE_TAINT_LINE(io, sv);
1702 MAYBE_TAINT_LINE(io, sv);
1704 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_NOLINE;
1708 if (type == OP_GLOB) {
1711 if (SvCUR(sv) > 0 && SvCUR(PL_rs) > 0) {
1712 char * const tmps = SvEND(sv) - 1;
1713 if (*tmps == *SvPVX_const(PL_rs)) {
1715 SvCUR_set(sv, SvCUR(sv) - 1);
1718 for (t1 = SvPVX_const(sv); *t1; t1++)
1719 if (!isALNUMC(*t1) &&
1720 strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`", *t1))
1722 if (*t1 && PerlLIO_lstat(SvPVX_const(sv), &PL_statbuf) < 0) {
1723 (void)POPs; /* Unmatched wildcard? Chuck it... */
1726 } else if (SvUTF8(sv)) { /* OP_READLINE, OP_RCATLINE */
1727 if (ckWARN(WARN_UTF8)) {
1728 const U8 * const s = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(sv) + offset;
1729 const STRLEN len = SvCUR(sv) - offset;
1732 if (!is_utf8_string_loc(s, len, &f))
1733 /* Emulate :encoding(utf8) warning in the same case. */
1734 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8),
1735 "utf8 \"\\x%02X\" does not map to Unicode",
1736 f < (U8*)SvEND(sv) ? *f : 0);
1739 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1740 if (SvLEN(sv) - SvCUR(sv) > 20) {
1741 SvPV_shrink_to_cur(sv);
1743 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(80));
1746 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR && !tmplen && SvLEN(sv) - SvCUR(sv) > 80) {
1747 /* try to reclaim a bit of scalar space (only on 1st alloc) */
1748 const STRLEN new_len
1749 = SvCUR(sv) < 60 ? 80 : SvCUR(sv)+40; /* allow some slop */
1750 SvPV_renew(sv, new_len);
1761 SV * const keysv = POPs;
1762 HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
1763 const U32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
1764 const U32 defer = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1766 const U32 hash = (SvIsCOW_shared_hash(keysv)) ? SvSHARED_HASH(keysv) : 0;
1767 const bool localizing = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1768 bool preeminent = TRUE;
1770 if (SvTYPE(hv) != SVt_PVHV)
1777 /* If we can determine whether the element exist,
1778 * Try to preserve the existenceness of a tied hash
1779 * element by using EXISTS and DELETE if possible.
1780 * Fallback to FETCH and STORE otherwise. */
1781 if (SvCANEXISTDELETE(hv))
1782 preeminent = hv_exists_ent(hv, keysv, 0);
1785 he = hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, lval && !defer, hash);
1786 svp = he ? &HeVAL(he) : NULL;
1788 if (!svp || !*svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef) {
1792 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_helem_sv, SVfARG(keysv));
1794 lv = sv_newmortal();
1795 sv_upgrade(lv, SVt_PVLV);
1797 sv_magic(lv, key2 = newSVsv(keysv), PERL_MAGIC_defelem, NULL, 0);
1798 SvREFCNT_dec(key2); /* sv_magic() increments refcount */
1799 LvTARG(lv) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(hv);
1805 if (HvNAME_get(hv) && isGV(*svp))
1806 save_gp(MUTABLE_GV(*svp), !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
1807 else if (preeminent)
1808 save_helem_flags(hv, keysv, svp,
1809 (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) ? 0 : SAVEf_SETMAGIC);
1811 SAVEHDELETE(hv, keysv);
1813 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
1814 PUSHs(vivify_ref(*svp, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF));
1818 sv = (svp && *svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
1819 /* Originally this did a conditional C<sv = sv_mortalcopy(sv)>; this
1820 * was to make C<local $tied{foo} = $tied{foo}> possible.
1821 * However, it seems no longer to be needed for that purpose, and
1822 * introduced a new bug: stuff like C<while ($hash{taintedval} =~ /.../g>
1823 * would loop endlessly since the pos magic is getting set on the
1824 * mortal copy and lost. However, the copy has the effect of
1825 * triggering the get magic, and losing it altogether made things like
1826 * c<$tied{foo};> in void context no longer do get magic, which some
1827 * code relied on. Also, delayed triggering of magic on @+ and friends
1828 * meant the original regex may be out of scope by now. So as a
1829 * compromise, do the get magic here. (The MGf_GSKIP flag will stop it
1830 * being called too many times). */
1831 if (!lval && SvRMAGICAL(hv) && SvGMAGICAL(sv))
1843 AV *av = NULL; /* used for LOOP_FOR on arrays and the stack */
1844 bool av_is_stack = FALSE;
1847 cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix];
1848 if (!CxTYPE_is_LOOP(cx))
1849 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_iter, type=%u", CxTYPE(cx));
1851 itersvp = CxITERVAR(cx);
1852 if (CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_LAZYSV) {
1853 /* string increment */
1854 SV* cur = cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazysv.cur;
1855 SV *end = cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazysv.end;
1856 /* If the maximum is !SvOK(), pp_enteriter substitutes PL_sv_no.
1857 It has SvPVX of "" and SvCUR of 0, which is what we want. */
1859 const char *max = SvPV_const(end, maxlen);
1860 if (!SvNIOK(cur) && SvCUR(cur) <= maxlen) {
1861 if (SvREFCNT(*itersvp) == 1 && !SvMAGICAL(*itersvp)) {
1862 /* safe to reuse old SV */
1863 sv_setsv(*itersvp, cur);
1867 /* we need a fresh SV every time so that loop body sees a
1868 * completely new SV for closures/references to work as
1871 *itersvp = newSVsv(cur);
1872 SvREFCNT_dec(oldsv);
1874 if (strEQ(SvPVX_const(cur), max))
1875 sv_setiv(cur, 0); /* terminate next time */
1882 else if (CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV) {
1883 /* integer increment */
1884 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur > cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.end)
1887 /* don't risk potential race */
1888 if (SvREFCNT(*itersvp) == 1 && !SvMAGICAL(*itersvp)) {
1889 /* safe to reuse old SV */
1890 sv_setiv(*itersvp, cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur);
1894 /* we need a fresh SV every time so that loop body sees a
1895 * completely new SV for closures/references to work as they
1898 *itersvp = newSViv(cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur);
1899 SvREFCNT_dec(oldsv);
1902 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur == IV_MAX) {
1903 /* Handle end of range at IV_MAX */
1904 cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.end = IV_MIN;
1906 ++cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur;
1912 assert(CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_FOR);
1913 av = cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ary;
1918 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpITER_REVERSED) {
1919 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix <= (av_is_stack
1920 ? cx->blk_loop.resetsp + 1 : 0))
1923 if (SvMAGICAL(av) || AvREIFY(av)) {
1924 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, --cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix, FALSE);
1925 sv = svp ? *svp : NULL;
1928 sv = AvARRAY(av)[--cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix];
1932 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix >= (av_is_stack ? cx->blk_oldsp :
1936 if (SvMAGICAL(av) || AvREIFY(av)) {
1937 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, ++cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix, FALSE);
1938 sv = svp ? *svp : NULL;
1941 sv = AvARRAY(av)[++cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix];
1945 if (sv && SvIS_FREED(sv)) {
1947 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Use of freed value in iteration");
1952 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(sv);
1956 if (!av_is_stack && sv == &PL_sv_undef) {
1957 SV *lv = newSV_type(SVt_PVLV);
1959 sv_magic(lv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_defelem, NULL, 0);
1960 LvTARG(lv) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
1961 LvTARGOFF(lv) = cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix;
1962 LvTARGLEN(lv) = (STRLEN)UV_MAX;
1968 SvREFCNT_dec(oldsv);
1974 A description of how taint works in pattern matching and substitution.
1976 While the pattern is being assembled/concatenated and then compiled,
1977 PL_tainted will get set if any component of the pattern is tainted, e.g.
1978 /.*$tainted/. At the end of pattern compilation, the RXf_TAINTED flag
1979 is set on the pattern if PL_tainted is set.
1981 When the pattern is copied, e.g. $r = qr/..../, the SV holding the ref to
1982 the pattern is marked as tainted. This means that subsequent usage, such
1983 as /x$r/, will set PL_tainted, and thus RXf_TAINTED, on the new pattern too.
1985 During execution of a pattern, locale-variant ops such as ALNUML set the
1986 local flag RF_tainted. At the end of execution, the engine sets the
1987 RXf_TAINTED_SEEN on the pattern if RF_tainted got set, or clears it
1990 In addition, RXf_TAINTED_SEEN is used post-execution by the get magic code
1991 of $1 et al to indicate whether the returned value should be tainted.
1992 It is the responsibility of the caller of the pattern (i.e. pp_match,
1993 pp_subst etc) to set this flag for any other circumstances where $1 needs
1996 The taint behaviour of pp_subst (and pp_substcont) is quite complex.
1998 There are three possible sources of taint
2000 * the pattern (both compile- and run-time, RXf_TAINTED / RXf_TAINTED_SEEN)
2001 * the replacement string (or expression under /e)
2003 There are four destinations of taint and they are affected by the sources
2004 according to the rules below:
2006 * the return value (not including /r):
2007 tainted by the source string and pattern, but only for the
2008 number-of-iterations case; boolean returns aren't tainted;
2009 * the modified string (or modified copy under /r):
2010 tainted by the source string, pattern, and replacement strings;
2012 tainted by the pattern, and under 'use re "taint"', by the source
2014 * PL_taint - i.e. whether subsequent code (e.g. in a /e block) is tainted:
2015 should always be unset before executing subsequent code.
2017 The overall action of pp_subst is:
2019 * at the start, set bits in rxtainted indicating the taint status of
2020 the various sources.
2022 * After each pattern execution, update the SUBST_TAINT_PAT bit in
2023 rxtainted if RXf_TAINTED_SEEN has been set, to indicate that the
2024 pattern has subsequently become tainted via locale ops.
2026 * If control is being passed to pp_substcont to execute a /e block,
2027 save rxtainted in the CXt_SUBST block, for future use by
2030 * Whenever control is being returned to perl code (either by falling
2031 off the "end" of pp_subst/pp_substcont, or by entering a /e block),
2032 use the flag bits in rxtainted to make all the appropriate types of
2033 destination taint visible; e.g. set RXf_TAINTED_SEEN so that $1
2034 et al will appear tainted.
2036 pp_match is just a simpler version of the above.
2055 U8 rxtainted = 0; /* holds various SUBST_TAINT_* flag bits.
2056 See "how taint works" above */
2059 REGEXP *rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
2061 int force_on_match = 0;
2062 const I32 oldsave = PL_savestack_ix;
2064 bool doutf8 = FALSE;
2065 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2069 /* known replacement string? */
2070 SV *dstr = (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_CONST) ? POPs : NULL;
2074 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
2076 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
2083 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2084 /* Awooga. Awooga. "bool" types that are actually char are dangerous,
2085 because they make integers such as 256 "false". */
2086 is_cow = SvIsCOW(TARG) ? TRUE : FALSE;
2089 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG,0);
2091 if (!(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT)
2092 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2095 && (SvREADONLY(TARG)
2096 || ( ((SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVGV && isGV_with_GP(TARG))
2097 || SvTYPE(TARG) > SVt_PVLV)
2098 && !(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVGV && SvFAKE(TARG)))))
2099 Perl_croak_no_modify(aTHX);
2103 s = SvPV_mutable(TARG, len);
2104 if (!SvPOKp(TARG) || SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVGV || SvVOK(TARG))
2107 /* only replace once? */
2108 once = !(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL);
2110 /* See "how taint works" above */
2113 (SvTAINTED(TARG) ? SUBST_TAINT_STR : 0)
2114 | ((RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_TAINTED) ? SUBST_TAINT_PAT : 0)
2115 | ((pm->op_pmflags & PMf_RETAINT) ? SUBST_TAINT_RETAINT : 0)
2116 | ((once && !(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT))
2117 ? SUBST_TAINT_BOOLRET : 0));
2121 RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, DO_UTF8(TARG));
2125 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_subst, pm=%p, s=%p", pm, s);
2128 slen = RX_MATCH_UTF8(rx) ? utf8_length((U8*)s, (U8*)strend) : len;
2129 maxiters = 2 * slen + 10; /* We can match twice at each
2130 position, once with zero-length,
2131 second time with non-zero. */
2133 if (!RX_PRELEN(rx) && PL_curpm) {
2138 r_flags = ( RX_NPARENS(rx)
2140 || (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & (RXf_EVAL_SEEN|RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY))
2146 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_USE_INTUIT) {
2148 s = CALLREG_INTUIT_START(rx, TARG, s, strend, r_flags, NULL);
2152 /* How to do it in subst? */
2153 /* if ( (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_CHECK_ALL)
2155 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_KEEPCOPY))
2160 if (!CALLREGEXEC(rx, s, strend, orig, 0, TARG, NULL,
2161 r_flags | REXEC_CHECKED))
2165 PUSHs(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT ? TARG : &PL_sv_no);
2166 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
2170 /* known replacement string? */
2172 if (SvTAINTED(dstr))
2173 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_REPL;
2175 /* Upgrade the source if the replacement is utf8 but the source is not,
2176 * but only if it matched; see
2177 * http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2010/04/msg158809.html
2179 if (DO_UTF8(dstr) && ! DO_UTF8(TARG)) {
2180 char * const orig_pvx = SvPVX(TARG);
2181 const STRLEN new_len = sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(TARG);
2183 /* If the lengths are the same, the pattern contains only
2184 * invariants, can keep going; otherwise, various internal markers
2185 * could be off, so redo */
2186 if (new_len != len || orig_pvx != SvPVX(TARG)) {
2191 /* replacement needing upgrading? */
2192 if (DO_UTF8(TARG) && !doutf8) {
2193 nsv = sv_newmortal();
2196 sv_recode_to_utf8(nsv, PL_encoding);
2198 sv_utf8_upgrade(nsv);
2199 c = SvPV_const(nsv, clen);
2203 c = SvPV_const(dstr, clen);
2204 doutf8 = DO_UTF8(dstr);
2212 /* can do inplace substitution? */
2214 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2217 && (I32)clen <= RX_MINLENRET(rx)
2218 && (once || !(r_flags & REXEC_COPY_STR))
2219 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_LOOKBEHIND_SEEN)
2220 && (!doutf8 || SvUTF8(TARG))
2221 && !(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT))
2224 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2225 if (SvIsCOW(TARG)) {
2226 assert (!force_on_match);
2230 if (force_on_match) {
2232 s = SvPV_force(TARG, len);
2238 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx)) /* run time pattern taint, eg locale */
2239 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2240 m = orig + RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start;
2241 d = orig + RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end;
2243 if (m - s > strend - d) { /* faster to shorten from end */
2245 Copy(c, m, clen, char);
2250 Move(d, m, i, char);
2254 SvCUR_set(TARG, m - s);
2256 else if ((i = m - s)) { /* faster from front */
2259 Move(s, d - i, i, char);
2262 Copy(c, m, clen, char);
2267 Copy(c, d, clen, char);
2277 if (iters++ > maxiters)
2278 DIE(aTHX_ "Substitution loop");
2279 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx)) /* run time pattern taint, eg locale */
2280 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2281 m = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + orig;
2284 Move(s, d, i, char);
2288 Copy(c, d, clen, char);
2291 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + orig;
2292 } while (CALLREGEXEC(rx, s, strend, orig, s == m,
2294 /* don't match same null twice */
2295 REXEC_NOT_FIRST|REXEC_IGNOREPOS));
2298 SvCUR_set(TARG, d - SvPVX_const(TARG) + i);
2299 Move(s, d, i+1, char); /* include the NUL */
2306 if (force_on_match) {
2308 if (rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT) {
2309 /* I feel that it should be possible to avoid this mortal copy
2310 given that the code below copies into a new destination.
2311 However, I suspect it isn't worth the complexity of
2312 unravelling the C<goto force_it> for the small number of
2313 cases where it would be viable to drop into the copy code. */
2314 TARG = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(TARG));
2316 s = SvPV_force(TARG, len);
2319 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2322 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx)) /* run time pattern taint, eg locale */
2323 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2324 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(m, s-m, SVs_TEMP | (DO_UTF8(TARG) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
2329 /* note that a whole bunch of local vars are saved here for
2330 * use by pp_substcont: here's a list of them in case you're
2331 * searching for places in this sub that uses a particular var:
2332 * iters maxiters r_flags oldsave rxtainted orig dstr targ
2333 * s m strend rx once */
2335 RETURNOP(cPMOP->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot);
2337 r_flags |= REXEC_IGNOREPOS | REXEC_NOT_FIRST;
2339 if (iters++ > maxiters)
2340 DIE(aTHX_ "Substitution loop");
2341 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx))
2342 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2343 if (RX_MATCH_COPIED(rx) && RX_SUBBEG(rx) != orig) {
2346 assert(RX_SUBOFFSET(rx) == 0);
2347 orig = RX_SUBBEG(rx);
2349 strend = s + (strend - m);
2351 m = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + orig;
2352 if (doutf8 && !SvUTF8(dstr))
2353 sv_catpvn_nomg_utf8_upgrade(dstr, s, m - s, nsv);
2355 sv_catpvn_nomg(dstr, s, m-s);
2356 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + orig;
2358 sv_catpvn_nomg(dstr, c, clen);
2361 } while (CALLREGEXEC(rx, s, strend, orig, s == m,
2362 TARG, NULL, r_flags));
2363 if (doutf8 && !DO_UTF8(TARG))
2364 sv_catpvn_nomg_utf8_upgrade(dstr, s, strend - s, nsv);
2366 sv_catpvn_nomg(dstr, s, strend - s);
2368 if (rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT) {
2369 /* From here on down we're using the copy, and leaving the original
2375 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2376 /* The match may make the string COW. If so, brilliant, because
2377 that's just saved us one malloc, copy and free - the regexp has
2378 donated the old buffer, and we malloc an entirely new one, rather
2379 than the regexp malloc()ing a buffer and copying our original,
2380 only for us to throw it away here during the substitution. */
2381 if (SvIsCOW(TARG)) {
2382 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG, SV_COW_DROP_PV);
2388 SvPV_set(TARG, SvPVX(dstr));
2389 SvCUR_set(TARG, SvCUR(dstr));
2390 SvLEN_set(TARG, SvLEN(dstr));
2391 doutf8 |= DO_UTF8(dstr);
2392 SvPV_set(dstr, NULL);
2399 if (!(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT)) {
2400 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(TARG);
2405 /* See "how taint works" above */
2407 if ((rxtainted & SUBST_TAINT_PAT) ||
2408 ((rxtainted & (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_RETAINT)) ==
2409 (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_RETAINT))
2411 (RX_MATCH_TAINTED_on(rx)); /* taint $1 et al */
2413 if (!(rxtainted & SUBST_TAINT_BOOLRET)
2414 && (rxtainted & (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_PAT))
2416 SvTAINTED_on(TOPs); /* taint return value */
2418 SvTAINTED_off(TOPs); /* may have got tainted earlier */
2420 /* needed for mg_set below */
2422 cBOOL(rxtainted & (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_PAT|SUBST_TAINT_REPL));
2425 SvSETMAGIC(TARG); /* PL_tainted must be correctly set for this mg_set */
2427 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
2436 PL_stack_base[PL_markstack_ptr[-1]++] = PL_stack_base[*PL_markstack_ptr];
2437 ++*PL_markstack_ptr;
2439 LEAVE_with_name("grep_item"); /* exit inner scope */
2442 if (PL_stack_base + *PL_markstack_ptr > SP) {
2444 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2446 LEAVE_with_name("grep"); /* exit outer scope */
2447 (void)POPMARK; /* pop src */
2448 items = --*PL_markstack_ptr - PL_markstack_ptr[-1];
2449 (void)POPMARK; /* pop dst */
2450 SP = PL_stack_base + POPMARK; /* pop original mark */
2451 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
2452 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpGREP_LEX) {
2453 SV* const sv = sv_newmortal();
2454 sv_setiv(sv, items);
2462 else if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
2469 ENTER_with_name("grep_item"); /* enter inner scope */
2472 src = PL_stack_base[*PL_markstack_ptr];
2474 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpGREP_LEX)
2475 PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ) = src;
2479 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
2493 if (CxMULTICALL(&cxstack[cxstack_ix]))
2497 cxstack_ix++; /* temporarily protect top context */
2500 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
2503 if (cx->blk_sub.cv && CvDEPTH(cx->blk_sub.cv) > 1) {
2504 if (SvTEMP(TOPs) && SvREFCNT(TOPs) == 1
2505 && !SvMAGICAL(TOPs)) {
2506 *MARK = SvREFCNT_inc(TOPs);
2511 sv = SvREFCNT_inc(TOPs); /* FREETMPS could clobber it */
2513 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(sv);
2517 else if (SvTEMP(TOPs) && SvREFCNT(TOPs) == 1
2518 && !SvMAGICAL(TOPs)) {
2522 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(TOPs);
2526 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
2530 else if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
2531 for (MARK = newsp + 1; MARK <= SP; MARK++) {
2532 if (!SvTEMP(*MARK) || SvREFCNT(*MARK) != 1
2533 || SvMAGICAL(*MARK)) {
2534 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(*MARK);
2535 TAINT_NOT; /* Each item is independent */
2543 POPSUB(cx,sv); /* Stack values are safe: release CV and @_ ... */
2544 PL_curpm = newpm; /* ... and pop $1 et al */
2547 return cx->blk_sub.retop;
2557 const bool hasargs = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) != 0;
2560 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a CODE reference");
2561 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
2562 /* This is overwhelming the most common case: */
2565 if (!(cv = GvCVu((const GV *)sv))) {
2567 cv = sv_2cv(sv, &stash, &gv, 0);
2576 if(isGV_with_GP(sv)) goto we_have_a_glob;
2579 if (sv == &PL_sv_yes) { /* unfound import, ignore */
2581 SP = PL_stack_base + POPMARK;
2589 sv = amagic_deref_call(sv, to_cv_amg);
2590 /* Don't SPAGAIN here. */
2597 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, "a subroutine");
2598 sym = SvPV_nomg_const(sv, len);
2599 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
2600 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't use string (\"%" SVf32 "\"%s) as a subroutine ref while \"strict refs\" in use", sv, len>32 ? "..." : "");
2601 cv = get_cvn_flags(sym, len, GV_ADD|SvUTF8(sv));
2604 cv = MUTABLE_CV(SvRV(sv));
2605 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV)
2610 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a CODE reference");
2611 /* This is the second most common case: */
2613 cv = MUTABLE_CV(sv);
2621 if (CvCLONE(cv) && ! CvCLONED(cv))
2622 DIE(aTHX_ "Closure prototype called");
2623 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
2627 /* anonymous or undef'd function leaves us no recourse */
2628 if (CvANON(cv) || !(gv = CvGV(cv))) {
2630 DIE(aTHX_ "Undefined subroutine &%"HEKf" called",
2631 HEKfARG(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
2632 DIE(aTHX_ "Undefined subroutine called");
2635 /* autoloaded stub? */
2636 if (cv != GvCV(gv)) {
2639 /* should call AUTOLOAD now? */
2642 if ((autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(gv), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv),
2643 GvNAMEUTF8(gv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0)))
2649 sub_name = sv_newmortal();
2650 gv_efullname3(sub_name, gv, NULL);
2651 DIE(aTHX_ "Undefined subroutine &%"SVf" called", SVfARG(sub_name));
2660 if ((PL_op->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_DB) && GvCV(PL_DBsub) && !CvNODEBUG(cv)) {
2661 Perl_get_db_sub(aTHX_ &sv, cv);
2663 PL_curcopdb = PL_curcop;
2665 /* check for lsub that handles lvalue subroutines */
2666 cv = GvCV(gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::lsub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV)));
2667 /* if lsub not found then fall back to DB::sub */
2668 if (!cv) cv = GvCV(PL_DBsub);
2670 cv = GvCV(PL_DBsub);
2673 if (!cv || (!CvXSUB(cv) && !CvSTART(cv)))
2674 DIE(aTHX_ "No DB::sub routine defined");
2677 if (!(CvISXSUB(cv))) {
2678 /* This path taken at least 75% of the time */
2680 I32 items = SP - MARK;
2681 PADLIST * const padlist = CvPADLIST(cv);
2682 PUSHBLOCK(cx, CXt_SUB, MARK);
2684 cx->blk_sub.retop = PL_op->op_next;
2686 if (CvDEPTH(cv) >= 2) {
2687 PERL_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK();
2688 pad_push(padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));
2691 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));
2693 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(PAD_SVl(0));
2695 /* @_ is normally not REAL--this should only ever
2696 * happen when DB::sub() calls things that modify @_ */
2701 cx->blk_sub.savearray = GvAV(PL_defgv);
2702 GvAV(PL_defgv) = MUTABLE_AV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av));
2703 CX_CURPAD_SAVE(cx->blk_sub);
2704 cx->blk_sub.argarray = av;
2707 if (items > AvMAX(av) + 1) {
2708 SV **ary = AvALLOC(av);
2709 if (AvARRAY(av) != ary) {
2710 AvMAX(av) += AvARRAY(av) - AvALLOC(av);
2713 if (items > AvMAX(av) + 1) {
2714 AvMAX(av) = items - 1;
2715 Renew(ary,items,SV*);
2720 Copy(MARK,AvARRAY(av),items,SV*);
2721 AvFILLp(av) = items - 1;
2729 if ((cx->blk_u16 & OPpENTERSUB_LVAL_MASK) == OPpLVAL_INTRO &&
2731 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call");
2732 /* warning must come *after* we fully set up the context
2733 * stuff so that __WARN__ handlers can safely dounwind()
2736 if (CvDEPTH(cv) == PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN && ckWARN(WARN_RECURSION)
2737 && !(PERLDB_SUB && cv == GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2738 sub_crush_depth(cv);
2739 RETURNOP(CvSTART(cv));
2742 I32 markix = TOPMARK;
2747 /* Need to copy @_ to stack. Alternative may be to
2748 * switch stack to @_, and copy return values
2749 * back. This would allow popping @_ in XSUB, e.g.. XXXX */
2750 AV * const av = GvAV(PL_defgv);
2751 const I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1; /* @_ is not tieable */
2754 /* Mark is at the end of the stack. */
2756 Copy(AvARRAY(av), SP + 1, items, SV*);
2761 /* We assume first XSUB in &DB::sub is the called one. */
2763 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
2764 PL_curcop = PL_curcopdb;
2767 /* Do we need to open block here? XXXX */
2769 /* CvXSUB(cv) must not be NULL because newXS() refuses NULL xsub address */
2771 CvXSUB(cv)(aTHX_ cv);
2773 /* Enforce some sanity in scalar context. */
2774 if (gimme == G_SCALAR && ++markix != PL_stack_sp - PL_stack_base ) {
2775 if (markix > PL_stack_sp - PL_stack_base)
2776 *(PL_stack_base + markix) = &PL_sv_undef;
2778 *(PL_stack_base + markix) = *PL_stack_sp;
2779 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + markix;
2787 Perl_sub_crush_depth(pTHX_ CV *cv)
2789 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SUB_CRUSH_DEPTH;
2792 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_RECURSION), "Deep recursion on anonymous subroutine");
2794 SV* const tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
2795 gv_efullname3(tmpstr, CvGV(cv), NULL);
2796 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_RECURSION), "Deep recursion on subroutine \"%"SVf"\"",
2805 SV* const elemsv = POPs;
2806 IV elem = SvIV(elemsv);
2807 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(POPs);
2808 const U32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
2809 const U32 defer = (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_DEFER) && (elem > av_len(av));
2810 const bool localizing = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2811 bool preeminent = TRUE;
2814 if (SvROK(elemsv) && !SvGAMAGIC(elemsv) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
2815 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2816 "Use of reference \"%"SVf"\" as array index",
2818 if (SvTYPE(av) != SVt_PVAV)
2825 /* If we can determine whether the element exist,
2826 * Try to preserve the existenceness of a tied array
2827 * element by using EXISTS and DELETE if possible.
2828 * Fallback to FETCH and STORE otherwise. */
2829 if (SvCANEXISTDELETE(av))
2830 preeminent = av_exists(av, elem);
2833 svp = av_fetch(av, elem, lval && !defer);
2835 #ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
2836 if (SvUOK(elemsv)) {
2837 const UV uv = SvUV(elemsv);
2838 elem = uv > IV_MAX ? IV_MAX : uv;
2840 else if (SvNOK(elemsv))
2841 elem = (IV)SvNV(elemsv);
2843 static const char oom_array_extend[] =
2844 "Out of memory during array extend"; /* Duplicated in av.c */
2845 MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(elem,SV*,oom_array_extend);
2848 if (!svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef) {
2851 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_aelem, elem);
2852 lv = sv_newmortal();
2853 sv_upgrade(lv, SVt_PVLV);
2855 sv_magic(lv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_defelem, NULL, 0);
2856 LvTARG(lv) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
2857 LvTARGOFF(lv) = elem;
2864 save_aelem(av, elem, svp);
2866 SAVEADELETE(av, elem);
2868 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
2869 PUSHs(vivify_ref(*svp, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF));
2873 sv = (svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
2874 if (!lval && SvRMAGICAL(av) && SvGMAGICAL(sv)) /* see note in pp_helem() */
2881 Perl_vivify_ref(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 to_what)
2883 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_VIVIFY_REF;
2888 Perl_croak_no_modify(aTHX);
2889 prepare_SV_for_RV(sv);
2892 SvRV_set(sv, newSV(0));
2895 SvRV_set(sv, MUTABLE_SV(newAV()));
2898 SvRV_set(sv, MUTABLE_SV(newHV()));
2905 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2906 /* copy the sv without magic to prevent magic from being
2908 SV* msv = sv_newmortal();
2909 sv_setsv_nomg(msv, sv);
2918 SV* const sv = TOPs;
2921 SV* const rsv = SvRV(sv);
2922 if (SvTYPE(rsv) == SVt_PVCV) {
2928 SETs(method_common(sv, NULL));
2935 SV* const sv = cSVOP_sv;
2936 U32 hash = SvSHARED_HASH(sv);
2938 XPUSHs(method_common(sv, &hash));
2943 S_method_common(pTHX_ SV* meth, U32* hashp)
2950 SV * const sv = PL_stack_base + TOPMARK == PL_stack_sp
2951 ? (Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" without a "
2952 "package or object reference", SVfARG(meth)),
2954 : *(PL_stack_base + TOPMARK + 1);
2956 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_METHOD_COMMON;
2960 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" on an undefined value",
2965 ob = MUTABLE_SV(SvRV(sv));
2966 else if (!SvOK(sv)) goto undefined;
2970 const char * packname = NULL;
2971 bool packname_is_utf8 = FALSE;
2973 /* this isn't a reference */
2974 if(SvOK(sv) && (packname = SvPV_nomg_const(sv, packlen))) {
2975 const HE* const he =
2976 (const HE *)hv_common_key_len(
2977 PL_stashcache, packname,
2978 packlen * -(packname_is_utf8 = !!SvUTF8(sv)), 0, NULL, 0
2982 stash = INT2PTR(HV*,SvIV(HeVAL(he)));
2989 !(iogv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(
2990 packname, packlen, SVf_UTF8 * packname_is_utf8, SVt_PVIO
2992 !(ob=MUTABLE_SV(GvIO(iogv))))
2994 /* this isn't the name of a filehandle either */
2995 if (!packname || !packlen)
2997 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" "
2998 "without a package or object reference",
3001 /* assume it's a package name */
3002 stash = gv_stashpvn(packname, packlen, packname_is_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0);
3006 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
3007 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, packname,
3008 packname_is_utf8 ? -(I32)packlen : (I32)packlen, ref, 0);
3012 /* it _is_ a filehandle name -- replace with a reference */
3013 *(PL_stack_base + TOPMARK + 1) = sv_2mortal(newRV(MUTABLE_SV(iogv)));
3016 /* if we got here, ob should be a reference or a glob */
3017 if (!ob || !(SvOBJECT(ob)
3018 || (SvTYPE(ob) == SVt_PVGV
3020 && (ob = MUTABLE_SV(GvIO((const GV *)ob)))
3023 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" on unblessed reference",
3024 SVfARG((SvSCREAM(meth) && strEQ(SvPV_nolen_const(meth),"isa"))
3025 ? newSVpvs_flags("DOES", SVs_TEMP)
3029 stash = SvSTASH(ob);
3032 /* NOTE: stash may be null, hope hv_fetch_ent and
3033 gv_fetchmethod can cope (it seems they can) */
3035 /* shortcut for simple names */
3037 const HE* const he = hv_fetch_ent(stash, meth, 0, *hashp);
3039 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(he));
3040 if (isGV(gv) && GvCV(gv) &&
3041 (!GvCVGEN(gv) || GvCVGEN(gv)
3042 == (PL_sub_generation + HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen)))
3043 return MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv));
3047 gv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash ? stash : MUTABLE_HV(packsv),
3048 meth, GV_AUTOLOAD | GV_CROAK);
3052 return isGV(gv) ? MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(gv);
3057 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3059 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3062 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: