3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999,
4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
9 * "I wonder what the Entish is for 'yes' and 'no'," he thought.
12 * This file contains the code that creates, manipulates and destroys
13 * scalar values (SVs). The other types (AV, HV, GV, etc.) reuse the
14 * structure of an SV, so their creation and destruction is handled
15 * here; higher-level functions are in av.c, hv.c, and so on. Opcode
16 * level functions (eg. substr, split, join) for each of the types are
28 /* Missing proto on LynxOS */
29 char *gconvert(double, int, int, char *);
32 #ifdef PERL_UTF8_CACHE_ASSERT
33 /* The cache element 0 is the Unicode offset;
34 * the cache element 1 is the byte offset of the element 0;
35 * the cache element 2 is the Unicode length of the substring;
36 * the cache element 3 is the byte length of the substring;
37 * The checking of the substring side would be good
38 * but substr() has enough code paths to make my head spin;
39 * if adding more checks watch out for the following tests:
40 * t/op/index.t t/op/length.t t/op/pat.t t/op/substr.t
41 * lib/utf8.t lib/Unicode/Collate/t/index.t
44 #define ASSERT_UTF8_CACHE(cache) \
45 STMT_START { if (cache) { assert((cache)[0] <= (cache)[1]); } } STMT_END
47 #define ASSERT_UTF8_CACHE(cache) NOOP
50 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
51 #define SV_COW_NEXT_SV(sv) INT2PTR(SV *,SvUVX(sv))
52 #define SV_COW_NEXT_SV_SET(current,next) SvUV_set(current, PTR2UV(next))
53 /* This is a pessimistic view. Scalar must be purely a read-write PV to copy-
57 /* ============================================================================
59 =head1 Allocation and deallocation of SVs.
61 An SV (or AV, HV, etc.) is allocated in two parts: the head (struct sv,
62 av, hv...) contains type and reference count information, as well as a
63 pointer to the body (struct xrv, xpv, xpviv...), which contains fields
64 specific to each type.
66 Normally, this allocation is done using arenas, which by default are
67 approximately 4K chunks of memory parcelled up into N heads or bodies. The
68 first slot in each arena is reserved, and is used to hold a link to the next
69 arena. In the case of heads, the unused first slot also contains some flags
70 and a note of the number of slots. Snaked through each arena chain is a
71 linked list of free items; when this becomes empty, an extra arena is
72 allocated and divided up into N items which are threaded into the free list.
74 The following global variables are associated with arenas:
76 PL_sv_arenaroot pointer to list of SV arenas
77 PL_sv_root pointer to list of free SV structures
79 PL_foo_arenaroot pointer to list of foo arenas,
80 PL_foo_root pointer to list of free foo bodies
81 ... for foo in xiv, xnv, xrv, xpv etc.
83 Note that some of the larger and more rarely used body types (eg xpvio)
84 are not allocated using arenas, but are instead just malloc()/free()ed as
85 required. Also, if PURIFY is defined, arenas are abandoned altogether,
86 with all items individually malloc()ed. In addition, a few SV heads are
87 not allocated from an arena, but are instead directly created as static
88 or auto variables, eg PL_sv_undef. The size of arenas can be changed from
89 the default by setting PERL_ARENA_SIZE appropriately at compile time.
91 The SV arena serves the secondary purpose of allowing still-live SVs
92 to be located and destroyed during final cleanup.
94 At the lowest level, the macros new_SV() and del_SV() grab and free
95 an SV head. (If debugging with -DD, del_SV() calls the function S_del_sv()
96 to return the SV to the free list with error checking.) new_SV() calls
97 more_sv() / sv_add_arena() to add an extra arena if the free list is empty.
98 SVs in the free list have their SvTYPE field set to all ones.
100 Similarly, there are macros new_XIV()/del_XIV(), new_XNV()/del_XNV() etc
101 that allocate and return individual body types. Normally these are mapped
102 to the arena-manipulating functions new_xiv()/del_xiv() etc, but may be
103 instead mapped directly to malloc()/free() if PURIFY is defined. The
104 new/del functions remove from, or add to, the appropriate PL_foo_root
105 list, and call more_xiv() etc to add a new arena if the list is empty.
107 At the time of very final cleanup, sv_free_arenas() is called from
108 perl_destruct() to physically free all the arenas allocated since the
109 start of the interpreter. Note that this also clears PL_he_arenaroot,
110 which is otherwise dealt with in hv.c.
112 Manipulation of any of the PL_*root pointers is protected by enclosing
113 LOCK_SV_MUTEX; ... UNLOCK_SV_MUTEX calls which should Do the Right Thing
114 if threads are enabled.
116 The function visit() scans the SV arenas list, and calls a specified
117 function for each SV it finds which is still live - ie which has an SvTYPE
118 other than all 1's, and a non-zero SvREFCNT. visit() is used by the
119 following functions (specified as [function that calls visit()] / [function
120 called by visit() for each SV]):
122 sv_report_used() / do_report_used()
123 dump all remaining SVs (debugging aid)
125 sv_clean_objs() / do_clean_objs(),do_clean_named_objs()
126 Attempt to free all objects pointed to by RVs,
127 and, unless DISABLE_DESTRUCTOR_KLUDGE is defined,
128 try to do the same for all objects indirectly
129 referenced by typeglobs too. Called once from
130 perl_destruct(), prior to calling sv_clean_all()
133 sv_clean_all() / do_clean_all()
134 SvREFCNT_dec(sv) each remaining SV, possibly
135 triggering an sv_free(). It also sets the
136 SVf_BREAK flag on the SV to indicate that the
137 refcnt has been artificially lowered, and thus
138 stopping sv_free() from giving spurious warnings
139 about SVs which unexpectedly have a refcnt
140 of zero. called repeatedly from perl_destruct()
141 until there are no SVs left.
145 Private API to rest of sv.c
149 new_XIV(), del_XIV(),
150 new_XNV(), del_XNV(),
155 sv_report_used(), sv_clean_objs(), sv_clean_all(), sv_free_arenas()
160 ============================================================================ */
165 * "A time to plant, and a time to uproot what was planted..."
169 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
171 # define FREE_SV_DEBUG_FILE(sv) PerlMemfree((sv)->sv_debug_file)
173 # define FREE_SV_DEBUG_FILE(sv) PerlMemShared_free((sv)->sv_debug_file)
176 # define FREE_SV_DEBUG_FILE(sv)
179 #define plant_SV(p) \
181 FREE_SV_DEBUG_FILE(p); \
182 SvANY(p) = (void *)PL_sv_root; \
183 SvFLAGS(p) = SVTYPEMASK; \
188 /* sv_mutex must be held while calling uproot_SV() */
189 #define uproot_SV(p) \
192 PL_sv_root = (SV*)SvANY(p); \
197 /* make some more SVs by adding another arena */
199 /* sv_mutex must be held while calling more_sv() */
206 sv_add_arena(PL_nice_chunk, PL_nice_chunk_size, 0);
207 PL_nice_chunk = Nullch;
208 PL_nice_chunk_size = 0;
211 char *chunk; /* must use New here to match call to */
212 New(704,chunk,1008,char); /* Safefree() in sv_free_arenas() */
213 sv_add_arena(chunk, 1008, 0);
219 /* new_SV(): return a new, empty SV head */
221 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
222 /* provide a real function for a debugger to play with */
232 sv = S_more_sv(aTHX);
237 sv->sv_debug_optype = PL_op ? PL_op->op_type : 0;
238 sv->sv_debug_line = (U16) ((PL_copline == NOLINE) ?
239 (PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0) : PL_copline);
240 sv->sv_debug_inpad = 0;
241 sv->sv_debug_cloned = 0;
243 sv->sv_debug_file = PL_curcop ? savepv(CopFILE(PL_curcop)): NULL;
245 sv->sv_debug_file = PL_curcop ? savesharedpv(CopFILE(PL_curcop)): NULL;
250 # define new_SV(p) (p)=S_new_SV(aTHX)
259 (p) = S_more_sv(aTHX); \
268 /* del_SV(): return an empty SV head to the free list */
283 S_del_sv(pTHX_ SV *p)
290 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV *) SvANY(sva)) {
292 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
293 if (p >= sv && p < svend) {
299 if (ckWARN_d(WARN_INTERNAL))
300 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
301 "Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%"UVxf
302 pTHX__FORMAT, PTR2UV(p) pTHX__VALUE);
309 #else /* ! DEBUGGING */
311 #define del_SV(p) plant_SV(p)
313 #endif /* DEBUGGING */
317 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
319 =for apidoc sv_add_arena
321 Given a chunk of memory, link it to the head of the list of arenas,
322 and split it into a list of free SVs.
328 Perl_sv_add_arena(pTHX_ char *ptr, U32 size, U32 flags)
334 /* The first SV in an arena isn't an SV. */
335 SvANY(sva) = (void *) PL_sv_arenaroot; /* ptr to next arena */
336 SvREFCNT(sva) = size / sizeof(SV); /* number of SV slots */
337 SvFLAGS(sva) = flags; /* FAKE if not to be freed */
339 PL_sv_arenaroot = sva;
340 PL_sv_root = sva + 1;
342 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva) - 1];
345 SvANY(sv) = (void *)(SV*)(sv + 1);
349 /* Must always set typemask because it's awlays checked in on cleanup
350 when the arenas are walked looking for objects. */
351 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVTYPEMASK;
358 SvFLAGS(sv) = SVTYPEMASK;
361 /* visit(): call the named function for each non-free SV in the arenas
362 * whose flags field matches the flags/mask args. */
365 S_visit(pTHX_ SVFUNC_t f, U32 flags, U32 mask)
372 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = (SV*)SvANY(sva)) {
373 svend = &sva[SvREFCNT(sva)];
374 for (sv = sva + 1; sv < svend; ++sv) {
375 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK
376 && (sv->sv_flags & mask) == flags
389 /* called by sv_report_used() for each live SV */
392 do_report_used(pTHX_ SV *sv)
394 if (SvTYPE(sv) != SVTYPEMASK) {
395 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "****\n");
402 =for apidoc sv_report_used
404 Dump the contents of all SVs not yet freed. (Debugging aid).
410 Perl_sv_report_used(pTHX)
413 visit(do_report_used, 0, 0);
417 /* called by sv_clean_objs() for each live SV */
420 do_clean_objs(pTHX_ SV *sv)
424 if (SvROK(sv) && SvOBJECT(rv = SvRV(sv))) {
425 DEBUG_D((PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Cleaning object ref:\n "), sv_dump(sv)));
437 /* XXX Might want to check arrays, etc. */
440 /* called by sv_clean_objs() for each live SV */
442 #ifndef DISABLE_DESTRUCTOR_KLUDGE
444 do_clean_named_objs(pTHX_ SV *sv)
446 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV && GvGP(sv)) {
447 if ( SvOBJECT(GvSV(sv)) ||
448 (GvAV(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvAV(sv))) ||
449 (GvHV(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvHV(sv))) ||
450 (GvIO(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvIO(sv))) ||
451 (GvCV(sv) && SvOBJECT(GvCV(sv))) )
453 DEBUG_D((PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Cleaning named glob object:\n "), sv_dump(sv)));
454 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_BREAK;
462 =for apidoc sv_clean_objs
464 Attempt to destroy all objects not yet freed
470 Perl_sv_clean_objs(pTHX)
472 PL_in_clean_objs = TRUE;
473 visit(do_clean_objs, SVf_ROK, SVf_ROK);
474 #ifndef DISABLE_DESTRUCTOR_KLUDGE
475 /* some barnacles may yet remain, clinging to typeglobs */
476 visit(do_clean_named_objs, SVt_PVGV, SVTYPEMASK);
478 PL_in_clean_objs = FALSE;
481 /* called by sv_clean_all() for each live SV */
484 do_clean_all(pTHX_ SV *sv)
486 DEBUG_D((PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Cleaning loops: SV at 0x%"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(sv)) ));
487 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_BREAK;
488 if (PL_comppad == (AV*)sv) {
490 PL_curpad = Null(SV**);
496 =for apidoc sv_clean_all
498 Decrement the refcnt of each remaining SV, possibly triggering a
499 cleanup. This function may have to be called multiple times to free
500 SVs which are in complex self-referential hierarchies.
506 Perl_sv_clean_all(pTHX)
509 PL_in_clean_all = TRUE;
510 cleaned = visit(do_clean_all, 0,0);
511 PL_in_clean_all = FALSE;
516 =for apidoc sv_free_arenas
518 Deallocate the memory used by all arenas. Note that all the individual SV
519 heads and bodies within the arenas must already have been freed.
525 Perl_sv_free_arenas(pTHX)
529 XPV *arena, *arenanext;
531 /* Free arenas here, but be careful about fake ones. (We assume
532 contiguity of the fake ones with the corresponding real ones.) */
534 for (sva = PL_sv_arenaroot; sva; sva = svanext) {
535 svanext = (SV*) SvANY(sva);
536 while (svanext && SvFAKE(svanext))
537 svanext = (SV*) SvANY(svanext);
540 Safefree((void *)sva);
543 for (arena = PL_xiv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
544 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
547 PL_xiv_arenaroot = 0;
550 for (arena = PL_xnv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
551 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
554 PL_xnv_arenaroot = 0;
557 for (arena = PL_xrv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
558 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
561 PL_xrv_arenaroot = 0;
564 for (arena = PL_xpv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
565 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
568 PL_xpv_arenaroot = 0;
571 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpviv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
572 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
575 PL_xpviv_arenaroot = 0;
578 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvnv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
579 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
582 PL_xpvnv_arenaroot = 0;
585 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvcv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
586 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
589 PL_xpvcv_arenaroot = 0;
592 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvav_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
593 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
596 PL_xpvav_arenaroot = 0;
599 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvhv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
600 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
603 PL_xpvhv_arenaroot = 0;
606 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvmg_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
607 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
610 PL_xpvmg_arenaroot = 0;
613 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvgv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
614 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
617 PL_xpvgv_arenaroot = 0;
620 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvlv_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
621 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
624 PL_xpvlv_arenaroot = 0;
627 for (arena = (XPV*)PL_xpvbm_arenaroot; arena; arena = arenanext) {
628 arenanext = (XPV*)arena->xpv_pv;
631 PL_xpvbm_arenaroot = 0;
637 for (he = PL_he_arenaroot; he; he = he_next) {
638 he_next = HeNEXT(he);
645 #if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
647 struct ptr_tbl_ent *pte;
648 struct ptr_tbl_ent *pte_next;
649 for (pte = PL_pte_arenaroot; pte; pte = pte_next) {
650 pte_next = pte->next;
654 PL_pte_arenaroot = 0;
659 Safefree(PL_nice_chunk);
660 PL_nice_chunk = Nullch;
661 PL_nice_chunk_size = 0;
666 /* ---------------------------------------------------------------------
668 * support functions for report_uninit()
671 /* the maxiumum size of array or hash where we will scan looking
672 * for the undefined element that triggered the warning */
674 #define FUV_MAX_SEARCH_SIZE 1000
676 /* Look for an entry in the hash whose value has the same SV as val;
677 * If so, return a mortal copy of the key. */
680 S_find_hash_subscript(pTHX_ HV *hv, SV* val)
686 if (!hv || SvMAGICAL(hv) || !HvARRAY(hv) ||
687 (HvTOTALKEYS(hv) > FUV_MAX_SEARCH_SIZE))
692 for (i=HvMAX(hv); i>0; i--) {
694 for (entry = array[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
695 if (HeVAL(entry) != val)
697 if ( HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_undef ||
698 HeVAL(entry) == &PL_sv_placeholder)
702 if (HeKLEN(entry) == HEf_SVKEY)
703 return sv_mortalcopy(HeKEY_sv(entry));
704 return sv_2mortal(newSVpvn(HeKEY(entry), HeKLEN(entry)));
710 /* Look for an entry in the array whose value has the same SV as val;
711 * If so, return the index, otherwise return -1. */
714 S_find_array_subscript(pTHX_ AV *av, SV* val)
718 if (!av || SvMAGICAL(av) || !AvARRAY(av) ||
719 (AvFILLp(av) > FUV_MAX_SEARCH_SIZE))
723 for (i=AvFILLp(av); i>=0; i--) {
724 if (svp[i] == val && svp[i] != &PL_sv_undef)
730 /* S_varname(): return the name of a variable, optionally with a subscript.
731 * If gv is non-zero, use the name of that global, along with gvtype (one
732 * of "$", "@", "%"); otherwise use the name of the lexical at pad offset
733 * targ. Depending on the value of the subscript_type flag, return:
736 #define FUV_SUBSCRIPT_NONE 1 /* "@foo" */
737 #define FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY 2 /* "$foo[aindex]" */
738 #define FUV_SUBSCRIPT_HASH 3 /* "$foo{keyname}" */
739 #define FUV_SUBSCRIPT_WITHIN 4 /* "within @foo" */
742 S_varname(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *gvtype, PADOFFSET targ,
743 SV* keyname, I32 aindex, int subscript_type)
749 name = sv_newmortal();
752 /* simulate gv_fullname4(), but add literal '^' for $^FOO names
753 * XXX get rid of all this if gv_fullnameX() ever supports this
757 HV *hv = GvSTASH(gv);
758 sv_setpv(name, gvtype);
761 else if (!(p=HvNAME(hv)))
763 if (strNE(p, "main")) {
765 sv_catpvn(name,"::", 2);
767 if (GvNAMELEN(gv)>= 1 &&
768 ((unsigned int)*GvNAME(gv)) <= 26)
770 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ name,"^%c", *GvNAME(gv) + 'A' - 1);
771 sv_catpvn(name,GvNAME(gv)+1,GvNAMELEN(gv)-1);
774 sv_catpvn(name,GvNAME(gv),GvNAMELEN(gv));
778 CV *cv = find_runcv(&u);
779 if (!cv || !CvPADLIST(cv))
781 av = (AV*)(*av_fetch(CvPADLIST(cv), 0, FALSE));
782 sv = *av_fetch(av, targ, FALSE);
783 /* SvLEN in a pad name is not to be trusted */
784 sv_setpv(name, SvPV_nolen(sv));
787 if (subscript_type == FUV_SUBSCRIPT_HASH) {
790 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ name, "{%s}",
791 pv_display(sv,SvPVX(keyname), SvCUR(keyname), 0, 32));
794 else if (subscript_type == FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY) {
796 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ name, "[%"IVdf"]", (IV)aindex);
798 else if (subscript_type == FUV_SUBSCRIPT_WITHIN)
799 sv_insert(name, 0, 0, "within ", 7);
806 =for apidoc find_uninit_var
808 Find the name of the undefined variable (if any) that caused the operator o
809 to issue a "Use of uninitialized value" warning.
810 If match is true, only return a name if it's value matches uninit_sv.
811 So roughly speaking, if a unary operator (such as OP_COS) generates a
812 warning, then following the direct child of the op may yield an
813 OP_PADSV or OP_GV that gives the name of the undefined variable. On the
814 other hand, with OP_ADD there are two branches to follow, so we only print
815 the variable name if we get an exact match.
817 The name is returned as a mortal SV.
819 Assumes that PL_op is the op that originally triggered the error, and that
820 PL_comppad/PL_curpad points to the currently executing pad.
826 S_find_uninit_var(pTHX_ OP* obase, SV* uninit_sv, bool match)
835 if (!obase || (match && (!uninit_sv || uninit_sv == &PL_sv_undef ||
836 uninit_sv == &PL_sv_placeholder)))
839 switch (obase->op_type) {
846 const bool pad = (obase->op_type == OP_PADAV || obase->op_type == OP_PADHV);
847 const bool hash = (obase->op_type == OP_PADHV || obase->op_type == OP_RV2HV);
850 int subscript_type = FUV_SUBSCRIPT_WITHIN;
852 if (pad) { /* @lex, %lex */
853 sv = PAD_SVl(obase->op_targ);
857 if (cUNOPx(obase)->op_first->op_type == OP_GV) {
858 /* @global, %global */
859 gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPx(obase)->op_first);
862 sv = hash ? (SV*)GvHV(gv): (SV*)GvAV(gv);
864 else /* @{expr}, %{expr} */
865 return find_uninit_var(cUNOPx(obase)->op_first,
869 /* attempt to find a match within the aggregate */
871 keysv = S_find_hash_subscript(aTHX_ (HV*)sv, uninit_sv);
873 subscript_type = FUV_SUBSCRIPT_HASH;
876 index = S_find_array_subscript(aTHX_ (AV*)sv, uninit_sv);
878 subscript_type = FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY;
881 if (match && subscript_type == FUV_SUBSCRIPT_WITHIN)
884 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, hash ? "%" : "@", obase->op_targ,
885 keysv, index, subscript_type);
889 if (match && PAD_SVl(obase->op_targ) != uninit_sv)
891 return S_varname(aTHX_ Nullgv, "$", obase->op_targ,
892 Nullsv, 0, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_NONE);
895 gv = cGVOPx_gv(obase);
896 if (!gv || (match && GvSV(gv) != uninit_sv))
898 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "$", 0, Nullsv, 0, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_NONE);
901 if (obase->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* lexical array */
903 av = (AV*)PAD_SV(obase->op_targ);
904 if (!av || SvRMAGICAL(av))
906 svp = av_fetch(av, (I32)obase->op_private, FALSE);
907 if (!svp || *svp != uninit_sv)
910 return S_varname(aTHX_ Nullgv, "$", obase->op_targ,
911 Nullsv, (I32)obase->op_private, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY);
914 gv = cGVOPx_gv(obase);
919 if (!av || SvRMAGICAL(av))
921 svp = av_fetch(av, (I32)obase->op_private, FALSE);
922 if (!svp || *svp != uninit_sv)
925 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "$", 0,
926 Nullsv, (I32)obase->op_private, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY);
931 o = cUNOPx(obase)->op_first;
932 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_NULL ||
933 ! (o->op_targ == OP_AELEM || o->op_targ == OP_HELEM))
935 return find_uninit_var(cBINOPo->op_last, uninit_sv, match);
940 /* $a[uninit_expr] or $h{uninit_expr} */
941 return find_uninit_var(cBINOPx(obase)->op_last, uninit_sv, match);
944 o = cBINOPx(obase)->op_first;
945 kid = cBINOPx(obase)->op_last;
947 /* get the av or hv, and optionally the gv */
949 if (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_type == OP_PADHV) {
950 sv = PAD_SV(o->op_targ);
952 else if ((o->op_type == OP_RV2AV || o->op_type == OP_RV2HV)
953 && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_GV)
955 gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
958 sv = o->op_type == OP_RV2HV ? (SV*)GvHV(gv) : (SV*)GvAV(gv);
963 if (kid && kid->op_type == OP_CONST && SvOK(cSVOPx_sv(kid))) {
964 /* index is constant */
968 if (obase->op_type == OP_HELEM) {
969 HE* he = hv_fetch_ent((HV*)sv, cSVOPx_sv(kid), 0, 0);
970 if (!he || HeVAL(he) != uninit_sv)
974 svp = av_fetch((AV*)sv, SvIV(cSVOPx_sv(kid)), FALSE);
975 if (!svp || *svp != uninit_sv)
979 if (obase->op_type == OP_HELEM)
980 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "%", o->op_targ,
981 cSVOPx_sv(kid), 0, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_HASH);
983 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "@", o->op_targ, Nullsv,
984 SvIV(cSVOPx_sv(kid)), FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY);
988 /* index is an expression;
989 * attempt to find a match within the aggregate */
990 if (obase->op_type == OP_HELEM) {
991 SV *keysv = S_find_hash_subscript(aTHX_ (HV*)sv, uninit_sv);
993 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "%", o->op_targ,
994 keysv, 0, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_HASH);
997 const I32 index = S_find_array_subscript(aTHX_ (AV*)sv, uninit_sv);
999 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "@", o->op_targ,
1000 Nullsv, index, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_ARRAY);
1004 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv,
1005 (o->op_type == OP_PADAV || o->op_type == OP_RV2AV)
1007 o->op_targ, Nullsv, 0, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_WITHIN);
1013 /* only examine RHS */
1014 return find_uninit_var(cBINOPx(obase)->op_first, uninit_sv, match);
1017 o = cUNOPx(obase)->op_first;
1018 if (o->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
1021 if (!o->op_sibling) {
1022 /* one-arg version of open is highly magical */
1024 if (o->op_type == OP_GV) { /* open FOO; */
1026 if (match && GvSV(gv) != uninit_sv)
1028 return S_varname(aTHX_ gv, "$", 0,
1029 Nullsv, 0, FUV_SUBSCRIPT_NONE);
1031 /* other possibilities not handled are:
1032 * open $x; or open my $x; should return '${*$x}'
1033 * open expr; should return '$'.expr ideally
1039 /* ops where $_ may be an implicit arg */
1043 if ( !(obase->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1044 if (uninit_sv == ((obase->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1045 ? PAD_SVl(obase->op_targ)
1048 sv = sv_newmortal();
1057 /* skip filehandle as it can't produce 'undef' warning */
1058 o = cUNOPx(obase)->op_first;
1059 if ((obase->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && o->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
1060 o = o->op_sibling->op_sibling;
1067 match = 1; /* XS or custom code could trigger random warnings */
1072 if (SvROK(PL_rs) && uninit_sv == SvRV(PL_rs))
1073 return sv_2mortal(newSVpv("${$/}", 0));
1078 if (!(obase->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1080 o = cUNOPx(obase)->op_first;
1086 /* if all except one arg are constant, or have no side-effects,
1087 * or are optimized away, then it's unambiguous */
1089 for (kid=o; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1091 ( (kid->op_type == OP_CONST && SvOK(cSVOPx_sv(kid)))
1092 || (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && ! (kid->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1093 || (kid->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK)
1097 if (o2) { /* more than one found */
1104 return find_uninit_var(o2, uninit_sv, match);
1108 sv = find_uninit_var(o, uninit_sv, 1);
1120 =for apidoc report_uninit
1122 Print appropriate "Use of uninitialized variable" warning
1128 Perl_report_uninit(pTHX_ SV* uninit_sv)
1131 SV* varname = Nullsv;
1133 varname = find_uninit_var(PL_op, uninit_sv,0);
1135 sv_insert(varname, 0, 0, " ", 1);
1137 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED), PL_warn_uninit,
1138 varname ? SvPV_nolen(varname) : "",
1139 " in ", OP_DESC(PL_op));
1142 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED), PL_warn_uninit,
1147 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xrv */
1155 New(712, ptr, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
1156 ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xrv_arenaroot;
1157 PL_xrv_arenaroot = ptr;
1160 xrvend = &xrv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XRV) - 1];
1161 xrv += (sizeof(XPV) - 1) / sizeof(XRV) + 1;
1163 while (xrv < xrvend) {
1164 xrv->xrv_rv = (SV*)(xrv + 1);
1170 /* allocate another arena's worth of IV bodies */
1178 New(705, ptr, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
1179 ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xiv_arenaroot; /* linked list of xiv arenas */
1180 PL_xiv_arenaroot = ptr; /* to keep Purify happy */
1183 xivend = &xiv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(IV) - 1];
1184 xiv += (sizeof(XPV) - 1) / sizeof(IV) + 1; /* fudge by size of XPV */
1186 while (xiv < xivend) {
1187 *(IV**)xiv = (IV *)(xiv + 1);
1193 /* allocate another arena's worth of NV bodies */
1201 New(711, ptr, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
1202 ptr->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xnv_arenaroot;
1203 PL_xnv_arenaroot = ptr;
1206 xnvend = &xnv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(NV) - 1];
1207 xnv += (sizeof(XPVIV) - 1) / sizeof(NV) + 1; /* fudge by sizeof XPVIV */
1209 while (xnv < xnvend) {
1210 *(NV**)xnv = (NV*)(xnv + 1);
1216 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpv */
1223 New(713, xpv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPV), XPV);
1224 xpv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpv_arenaroot;
1225 PL_xpv_arenaroot = xpv;
1227 xpvend = &xpv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPV) - 1];
1228 PL_xpv_root = ++xpv;
1229 while (xpv < xpvend) {
1230 xpv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpv + 1);
1236 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpviv */
1243 New(714, xpviv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVIV), XPVIV);
1244 xpviv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpviv_arenaroot;
1245 PL_xpviv_arenaroot = xpviv;
1247 xpvivend = &xpviv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVIV) - 1];
1248 PL_xpviv_root = ++xpviv;
1249 while (xpviv < xpvivend) {
1250 xpviv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpviv + 1);
1256 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvnv */
1263 New(715, xpvnv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVNV), XPVNV);
1264 xpvnv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvnv_arenaroot;
1265 PL_xpvnv_arenaroot = xpvnv;
1267 xpvnvend = &xpvnv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVNV) - 1];
1268 PL_xpvnv_root = ++xpvnv;
1269 while (xpvnv < xpvnvend) {
1270 xpvnv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvnv + 1);
1276 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvcv */
1283 New(716, xpvcv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVCV), XPVCV);
1284 xpvcv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvcv_arenaroot;
1285 PL_xpvcv_arenaroot = xpvcv;
1287 xpvcvend = &xpvcv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVCV) - 1];
1288 PL_xpvcv_root = ++xpvcv;
1289 while (xpvcv < xpvcvend) {
1290 xpvcv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvcv + 1);
1296 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvav */
1303 New(717, xpvav, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVAV), XPVAV);
1304 xpvav->xav_array = (char*)PL_xpvav_arenaroot;
1305 PL_xpvav_arenaroot = xpvav;
1307 xpvavend = &xpvav[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVAV) - 1];
1308 PL_xpvav_root = ++xpvav;
1309 while (xpvav < xpvavend) {
1310 xpvav->xav_array = (char*)(xpvav + 1);
1313 xpvav->xav_array = 0;
1316 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvhv */
1323 New(718, xpvhv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVHV), XPVHV);
1324 xpvhv->xhv_array = (char*)PL_xpvhv_arenaroot;
1325 PL_xpvhv_arenaroot = xpvhv;
1327 xpvhvend = &xpvhv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVHV) - 1];
1328 PL_xpvhv_root = ++xpvhv;
1329 while (xpvhv < xpvhvend) {
1330 xpvhv->xhv_array = (char*)(xpvhv + 1);
1333 xpvhv->xhv_array = 0;
1336 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvmg */
1343 New(719, xpvmg, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVMG), XPVMG);
1344 xpvmg->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvmg_arenaroot;
1345 PL_xpvmg_arenaroot = xpvmg;
1347 xpvmgend = &xpvmg[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVMG) - 1];
1348 PL_xpvmg_root = ++xpvmg;
1349 while (xpvmg < xpvmgend) {
1350 xpvmg->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvmg + 1);
1356 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvgv */
1363 New(720, xpvgv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVGV), XPVGV);
1364 xpvgv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvgv_arenaroot;
1365 PL_xpvgv_arenaroot = xpvgv;
1367 xpvgvend = &xpvgv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVGV) - 1];
1368 PL_xpvgv_root = ++xpvgv;
1369 while (xpvgv < xpvgvend) {
1370 xpvgv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvgv + 1);
1376 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvlv */
1383 New(720, xpvlv, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVLV), XPVLV);
1384 xpvlv->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvlv_arenaroot;
1385 PL_xpvlv_arenaroot = xpvlv;
1387 xpvlvend = &xpvlv[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVLV) - 1];
1388 PL_xpvlv_root = ++xpvlv;
1389 while (xpvlv < xpvlvend) {
1390 xpvlv->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvlv + 1);
1396 /* allocate another arena's worth of struct xpvbm */
1403 New(721, xpvbm, PERL_ARENA_SIZE/sizeof(XPVBM), XPVBM);
1404 xpvbm->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvbm_arenaroot;
1405 PL_xpvbm_arenaroot = xpvbm;
1407 xpvbmend = &xpvbm[PERL_ARENA_SIZE / sizeof(XPVBM) - 1];
1408 PL_xpvbm_root = ++xpvbm;
1409 while (xpvbm < xpvbmend) {
1410 xpvbm->xpv_pv = (char*)(xpvbm + 1);
1416 /* grab a new struct xrv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1426 PL_xrv_root = (XRV*)xrv->xrv_rv;
1431 /* return a struct xrv to the free list */
1434 S_del_xrv(pTHX_ XRV *p)
1437 p->xrv_rv = (SV*)PL_xrv_root;
1442 /* grab a new IV body from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1453 * See comment in more_xiv() -- RAM.
1455 PL_xiv_root = *(IV**)xiv;
1457 return (XPVIV*)((char*)xiv - STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
1460 /* return an IV body to the free list */
1463 S_del_xiv(pTHX_ XPVIV *p)
1465 IV* xiv = (IV*)((char*)(p) + STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
1467 *(IV**)xiv = PL_xiv_root;
1472 /* grab a new NV body from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1482 PL_xnv_root = *(NV**)xnv;
1484 return (XPVNV*)((char*)xnv - STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVNV, xnv_nv));
1487 /* return an NV body to the free list */
1490 S_del_xnv(pTHX_ XPVNV *p)
1492 NV* xnv = (NV*)((char*)(p) + STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVNV, xnv_nv));
1494 *(NV**)xnv = PL_xnv_root;
1499 /* grab a new struct xpv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1509 PL_xpv_root = (XPV*)xpv->xpv_pv;
1514 /* return a struct xpv to the free list */
1517 S_del_xpv(pTHX_ XPV *p)
1520 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpv_root;
1525 /* grab a new struct xpviv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1534 xpviv = PL_xpviv_root;
1535 PL_xpviv_root = (XPVIV*)xpviv->xpv_pv;
1540 /* return a struct xpviv to the free list */
1543 S_del_xpviv(pTHX_ XPVIV *p)
1546 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpviv_root;
1551 /* grab a new struct xpvnv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1560 xpvnv = PL_xpvnv_root;
1561 PL_xpvnv_root = (XPVNV*)xpvnv->xpv_pv;
1566 /* return a struct xpvnv to the free list */
1569 S_del_xpvnv(pTHX_ XPVNV *p)
1572 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvnv_root;
1577 /* grab a new struct xpvcv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1586 xpvcv = PL_xpvcv_root;
1587 PL_xpvcv_root = (XPVCV*)xpvcv->xpv_pv;
1592 /* return a struct xpvcv to the free list */
1595 S_del_xpvcv(pTHX_ XPVCV *p)
1598 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvcv_root;
1603 /* grab a new struct xpvav from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1612 xpvav = PL_xpvav_root;
1613 PL_xpvav_root = (XPVAV*)xpvav->xav_array;
1618 /* return a struct xpvav to the free list */
1621 S_del_xpvav(pTHX_ XPVAV *p)
1624 p->xav_array = (char*)PL_xpvav_root;
1629 /* grab a new struct xpvhv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1638 xpvhv = PL_xpvhv_root;
1639 PL_xpvhv_root = (XPVHV*)xpvhv->xhv_array;
1644 /* return a struct xpvhv to the free list */
1647 S_del_xpvhv(pTHX_ XPVHV *p)
1650 p->xhv_array = (char*)PL_xpvhv_root;
1655 /* grab a new struct xpvmg from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1664 xpvmg = PL_xpvmg_root;
1665 PL_xpvmg_root = (XPVMG*)xpvmg->xpv_pv;
1670 /* return a struct xpvmg to the free list */
1673 S_del_xpvmg(pTHX_ XPVMG *p)
1676 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvmg_root;
1681 /* grab a new struct xpvgv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1690 xpvgv = PL_xpvgv_root;
1691 PL_xpvgv_root = (XPVGV*)xpvgv->xpv_pv;
1696 /* return a struct xpvgv to the free list */
1699 S_del_xpvgv(pTHX_ XPVGV *p)
1702 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvgv_root;
1707 /* grab a new struct xpvlv from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1716 xpvlv = PL_xpvlv_root;
1717 PL_xpvlv_root = (XPVLV*)xpvlv->xpv_pv;
1722 /* return a struct xpvlv to the free list */
1725 S_del_xpvlv(pTHX_ XPVLV *p)
1728 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvlv_root;
1733 /* grab a new struct xpvbm from the free list, allocating more if necessary */
1742 xpvbm = PL_xpvbm_root;
1743 PL_xpvbm_root = (XPVBM*)xpvbm->xpv_pv;
1748 /* return a struct xpvbm to the free list */
1751 S_del_xpvbm(pTHX_ XPVBM *p)
1754 p->xpv_pv = (char*)PL_xpvbm_root;
1759 #define my_safemalloc(s) (void*)safemalloc(s)
1760 #define my_safefree(p) safefree((char*)p)
1764 #define new_XIV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVIV))
1765 #define del_XIV(p) my_safefree(p)
1767 #define new_XNV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVNV))
1768 #define del_XNV(p) my_safefree(p)
1770 #define new_XRV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XRV))
1771 #define del_XRV(p) my_safefree(p)
1773 #define new_XPV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPV))
1774 #define del_XPV(p) my_safefree(p)
1776 #define new_XPVIV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVIV))
1777 #define del_XPVIV(p) my_safefree(p)
1779 #define new_XPVNV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVNV))
1780 #define del_XPVNV(p) my_safefree(p)
1782 #define new_XPVCV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVCV))
1783 #define del_XPVCV(p) my_safefree(p)
1785 #define new_XPVAV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVAV))
1786 #define del_XPVAV(p) my_safefree(p)
1788 #define new_XPVHV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVHV))
1789 #define del_XPVHV(p) my_safefree(p)
1791 #define new_XPVMG() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVMG))
1792 #define del_XPVMG(p) my_safefree(p)
1794 #define new_XPVGV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVGV))
1795 #define del_XPVGV(p) my_safefree(p)
1797 #define new_XPVLV() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVLV))
1798 #define del_XPVLV(p) my_safefree(p)
1800 #define new_XPVBM() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVBM))
1801 #define del_XPVBM(p) my_safefree(p)
1805 #define new_XIV() (void*)new_xiv()
1806 #define del_XIV(p) del_xiv((XPVIV*) p)
1808 #define new_XNV() (void*)new_xnv()
1809 #define del_XNV(p) del_xnv((XPVNV*) p)
1811 #define new_XRV() (void*)new_xrv()
1812 #define del_XRV(p) del_xrv((XRV*) p)
1814 #define new_XPV() (void*)new_xpv()
1815 #define del_XPV(p) del_xpv((XPV *)p)
1817 #define new_XPVIV() (void*)new_xpviv()
1818 #define del_XPVIV(p) del_xpviv((XPVIV *)p)
1820 #define new_XPVNV() (void*)new_xpvnv()
1821 #define del_XPVNV(p) del_xpvnv((XPVNV *)p)
1823 #define new_XPVCV() (void*)new_xpvcv()
1824 #define del_XPVCV(p) del_xpvcv((XPVCV *)p)
1826 #define new_XPVAV() (void*)new_xpvav()
1827 #define del_XPVAV(p) del_xpvav((XPVAV *)p)
1829 #define new_XPVHV() (void*)new_xpvhv()
1830 #define del_XPVHV(p) del_xpvhv((XPVHV *)p)
1832 #define new_XPVMG() (void*)new_xpvmg()
1833 #define del_XPVMG(p) del_xpvmg((XPVMG *)p)
1835 #define new_XPVGV() (void*)new_xpvgv()
1836 #define del_XPVGV(p) del_xpvgv((XPVGV *)p)
1838 #define new_XPVLV() (void*)new_xpvlv()
1839 #define del_XPVLV(p) del_xpvlv((XPVLV *)p)
1841 #define new_XPVBM() (void*)new_xpvbm()
1842 #define del_XPVBM(p) del_xpvbm((XPVBM *)p)
1846 #define new_XPVFM() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVFM))
1847 #define del_XPVFM(p) my_safefree(p)
1849 #define new_XPVIO() my_safemalloc(sizeof(XPVIO))
1850 #define del_XPVIO(p) my_safefree(p)
1853 =for apidoc sv_upgrade
1855 Upgrade an SV to a more complex form. Generally adds a new body type to the
1856 SV, then copies across as much information as possible from the old body.
1857 You generally want to use the C<SvUPGRADE> macro wrapper. See also C<svtype>.
1863 Perl_sv_upgrade(pTHX_ register SV *sv, U32 mt)
1874 if (mt != SVt_PV && SvIsCOW(sv)) {
1875 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
1878 if (SvTYPE(sv) == mt)
1889 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
1897 else if (mt < SVt_PVIV)
1907 pv = (char*)SvRV(sv);
1917 else if (mt == SVt_NV)
1925 del_XPVIV(SvANY(sv));
1933 del_XPVNV(SvANY(sv));
1936 /* Because the XPVMG of PL_mess_sv isn't allocated from the arena,
1937 there's no way that it can be safely upgraded, because perl.c
1938 expects to Safefree(SvANY(PL_mess_sv)) */
1939 assert(sv != PL_mess_sv);
1945 magic = SvMAGIC(sv);
1946 stash = SvSTASH(sv);
1947 del_XPVMG(SvANY(sv));
1950 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't upgrade that kind of scalar");
1953 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVTYPEMASK;
1958 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't upgrade to undef");
1960 SvANY(sv) = new_XIV();
1964 SvANY(sv) = new_XNV();
1968 SvANY(sv) = new_XRV();
1969 SvRV_set(sv, (SV*)pv);
1972 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVHV();
1979 HvTOTALKEYS(sv) = 0;
1980 HvPLACEHOLDERS(sv) = 0;
1982 /* Fall through... */
1985 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVAV();
1990 AvFLAGS(sv) = AVf_REAL;
1995 /* XXX? Only SVt_NULL is ever upgraded to AV or HV? */
1997 /* FIXME. Should be able to remove all this if()... if the above
1998 assertion is genuinely always true. */
2001 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;
2004 SvPV_set(sv, (char*)0);
2005 SvMAGIC_set(sv, magic);
2006 SvSTASH_set(sv, stash);
2010 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVIO();
2011 Zero(SvANY(sv), 1, XPVIO);
2012 IoPAGE_LEN(sv) = 60;
2013 goto set_magic_common;
2015 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVFM();
2016 Zero(SvANY(sv), 1, XPVFM);
2017 goto set_magic_common;
2019 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVBM();
2023 goto set_magic_common;
2025 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVGV();
2031 goto set_magic_common;
2033 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVCV();
2034 Zero(SvANY(sv), 1, XPVCV);
2035 goto set_magic_common;
2037 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVLV();
2050 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVMG();
2053 SvMAGIC_set(sv, magic);
2054 SvSTASH_set(sv, stash);
2058 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVNV();
2064 SvANY(sv) = new_XPVIV();
2073 SvANY(sv) = new_XPV();
2084 =for apidoc sv_backoff
2086 Remove any string offset. You should normally use the C<SvOOK_off> macro
2093 Perl_sv_backoff(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2097 char *s = SvPVX(sv);
2098 SvLEN_set(sv, SvLEN(sv) + SvIVX(sv));
2099 SvPV_set(sv, SvPVX(sv) - SvIVX(sv));
2101 Move(s, SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv)+1, char);
2103 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;
2110 Expands the character buffer in the SV. If necessary, uses C<sv_unref> and
2111 upgrades the SV to C<SVt_PV>. Returns a pointer to the character buffer.
2112 Use the C<SvGROW> wrapper instead.
2118 Perl_sv_grow(pTHX_ register SV *sv, register STRLEN newlen)
2122 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
2123 if (newlen >= 0x10000) {
2124 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2125 "Allocation too large: %"UVxf"\n", (UV)newlen);
2128 #endif /* HAS_64K_LIMIT */
2131 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PV) {
2132 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PV);
2135 else if (SvOOK(sv)) { /* pv is offset? */
2138 if (newlen > SvLEN(sv))
2139 newlen += 10 * (newlen - SvCUR(sv)); /* avoid copy each time */
2140 #ifdef HAS_64K_LIMIT
2141 if (newlen >= 0x10000)
2148 if (newlen > SvLEN(sv)) { /* need more room? */
2149 if (SvLEN(sv) && s) {
2151 STRLEN l = malloced_size((void*)SvPVX(sv));
2157 Renew(s,newlen,char);
2160 New(703, s, newlen, char);
2161 if (SvPVX(sv) && SvCUR(sv)) {
2162 Move(SvPVX(sv), s, (newlen < SvCUR(sv)) ? newlen : SvCUR(sv), char);
2166 SvLEN_set(sv, newlen);
2172 =for apidoc sv_setiv
2174 Copies an integer into the given SV, upgrading first if necessary.
2175 Does not handle 'set' magic. See also C<sv_setiv_mg>.
2181 Perl_sv_setiv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, IV i)
2183 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(sv);
2184 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
2186 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
2189 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2193 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
2202 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't coerce %s to integer in %s", sv_reftype(sv,0),
2205 (void)SvIOK_only(sv); /* validate number */
2211 =for apidoc sv_setiv_mg
2213 Like C<sv_setiv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
2219 Perl_sv_setiv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, IV i)
2226 =for apidoc sv_setuv
2228 Copies an unsigned integer into the given SV, upgrading first if necessary.
2229 Does not handle 'set' magic. See also C<sv_setuv_mg>.
2235 Perl_sv_setuv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, UV u)
2237 /* With these two if statements:
2238 u=1.49 s=0.52 cu=72.49 cs=10.64 scripts=270 tests=20865
2241 u=1.35 s=0.47 cu=73.45 cs=11.43 scripts=270 tests=20865
2243 If you wish to remove them, please benchmark to see what the effect is
2245 if (u <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2246 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)u);
2255 =for apidoc sv_setuv_mg
2257 Like C<sv_setuv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
2263 Perl_sv_setuv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, UV u)
2265 /* With these two if statements:
2266 u=1.49 s=0.52 cu=72.49 cs=10.64 scripts=270 tests=20865
2269 u=1.35 s=0.47 cu=73.45 cs=11.43 scripts=270 tests=20865
2271 If you wish to remove them, please benchmark to see what the effect is
2273 if (u <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2274 sv_setiv(sv, (IV)u);
2284 =for apidoc sv_setnv
2286 Copies a double into the given SV, upgrading first if necessary.
2287 Does not handle 'set' magic. See also C<sv_setnv_mg>.
2293 Perl_sv_setnv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, NV num)
2295 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(sv);
2296 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
2299 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_NV);
2304 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2313 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't coerce %s to number in %s", sv_reftype(sv,0),
2317 (void)SvNOK_only(sv); /* validate number */
2322 =for apidoc sv_setnv_mg
2324 Like C<sv_setnv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
2330 Perl_sv_setnv_mg(pTHX_ register SV *sv, NV num)
2336 /* Print an "isn't numeric" warning, using a cleaned-up,
2337 * printable version of the offending string
2341 S_not_a_number(pTHX_ SV *sv)
2348 dsv = sv_2mortal(newSVpv("", 0));
2349 pv = sv_uni_display(dsv, sv, 10, 0);
2352 char *limit = tmpbuf + sizeof(tmpbuf) - 8;
2353 /* each *s can expand to 4 chars + "...\0",
2354 i.e. need room for 8 chars */
2357 for (s = SvPVX(sv), end = s + SvCUR(sv); s < end && d < limit; s++) {
2359 if (ch & 128 && !isPRINT_LC(ch)) {
2368 else if (ch == '\r') {
2372 else if (ch == '\f') {
2376 else if (ch == '\\') {
2380 else if (ch == '\0') {
2384 else if (isPRINT_LC(ch))
2401 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NUMERIC),
2402 "Argument \"%s\" isn't numeric in %s", pv,
2405 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_NUMERIC),
2406 "Argument \"%s\" isn't numeric", pv);
2410 =for apidoc looks_like_number
2412 Test if the content of an SV looks like a number (or is a number).
2413 C<Inf> and C<Infinity> are treated as numbers (so will not issue a
2414 non-numeric warning), even if your atof() doesn't grok them.
2420 Perl_looks_like_number(pTHX_ SV *sv)
2422 register char *sbegin;
2429 else if (SvPOKp(sv))
2430 sbegin = SvPV(sv, len);
2432 return SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK|SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK);
2433 return grok_number(sbegin, len, NULL);
2436 /* Actually, ISO C leaves conversion of UV to IV undefined, but
2437 until proven guilty, assume that things are not that bad... */
2442 As 64 bit platforms often have an NV that doesn't preserve all bits of
2443 an IV (an assumption perl has been based on to date) it becomes necessary
2444 to remove the assumption that the NV always carries enough precision to
2445 recreate the IV whenever needed, and that the NV is the canonical form.
2446 Instead, IV/UV and NV need to be given equal rights. So as to not lose
2447 precision as a side effect of conversion (which would lead to insanity
2448 and the dragon(s) in t/op/numconvert.t getting very angry) the intent is
2449 1) to distinguish between IV/UV/NV slots that have cached a valid
2450 conversion where precision was lost and IV/UV/NV slots that have a
2451 valid conversion which has lost no precision
2452 2) to ensure that if a numeric conversion to one form is requested that
2453 would lose precision, the precise conversion (or differently
2454 imprecise conversion) is also performed and cached, to prevent
2455 requests for different numeric formats on the same SV causing
2456 lossy conversion chains. (lossless conversion chains are perfectly
2461 SvIOKp is true if the IV slot contains a valid value
2462 SvIOK is true only if the IV value is accurate (UV if SvIOK_UV true)
2463 SvNOKp is true if the NV slot contains a valid value
2464 SvNOK is true only if the NV value is accurate
2467 while converting from PV to NV, check to see if converting that NV to an
2468 IV(or UV) would lose accuracy over a direct conversion from PV to
2469 IV(or UV). If it would, cache both conversions, return NV, but mark
2470 SV as IOK NOKp (ie not NOK).
2472 While converting from PV to IV, check to see if converting that IV to an
2473 NV would lose accuracy over a direct conversion from PV to NV. If it
2474 would, cache both conversions, flag similarly.
2476 Before, the SV value "3.2" could become NV=3.2 IV=3 NOK, IOK quite
2477 correctly because if IV & NV were set NV *always* overruled.
2478 Now, "3.2" will become NV=3.2 IV=3 NOK, IOKp, because the flag's meaning
2479 changes - now IV and NV together means that the two are interchangeable:
2480 SvIVX == (IV) SvNVX && SvNVX == (NV) SvIVX;
2482 The benefit of this is that operations such as pp_add know that if
2483 SvIOK is true for both left and right operands, then integer addition
2484 can be used instead of floating point (for cases where the result won't
2485 overflow). Before, floating point was always used, which could lead to
2486 loss of precision compared with integer addition.
2488 * making IV and NV equal status should make maths accurate on 64 bit
2490 * may speed up maths somewhat if pp_add and friends start to use
2491 integers when possible instead of fp. (Hopefully the overhead in
2492 looking for SvIOK and checking for overflow will not outweigh the
2493 fp to integer speedup)
2494 * will slow down integer operations (callers of SvIV) on "inaccurate"
2495 values, as the change from SvIOK to SvIOKp will cause a call into
2496 sv_2iv each time rather than a macro access direct to the IV slot
2497 * should speed up number->string conversion on integers as IV is
2498 favoured when IV and NV are equally accurate
2500 ####################################################################
2501 You had better be using SvIOK_notUV if you want an IV for arithmetic:
2502 SvIOK is true if (IV or UV), so you might be getting (IV)SvUV.
2503 On the other hand, SvUOK is true iff UV.
2504 ####################################################################
2506 Your mileage will vary depending your CPU's relative fp to integer
2510 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2511 # define IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_IV 1
2512 # define IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_UV 2
2513 # define IS_NUMBER_IV_AND_UV 2
2514 # define IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_IV 4
2515 # define IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_UV 5
2517 /* sv_2iuv_non_preserve(): private routine for use by sv_2iv() and sv_2uv() */
2519 /* For sv_2nv these three cases are "SvNOK and don't bother casting" */
2521 S_sv_2iuv_non_preserve(pTHX_ register SV *sv, I32 numtype)
2523 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,"sv_2iuv_non '%s', IV=0x%"UVxf" NV=%"NVgf" inttype=%"UVXf"\n", SvPVX(sv), SvIVX(sv), SvNVX(sv), (UV)numtype));
2524 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MIN) {
2525 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2527 SvIV_set(sv, IV_MIN);
2528 return IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_IV;
2530 if (SvNVX(sv) > (NV)UV_MAX) {
2531 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2534 SvUV_set(sv, UV_MAX);
2535 return IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_UV;
2537 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2539 /* Can't use strtol etc to convert this string. (See truth table in
2541 if (SvNVX(sv) <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2542 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2543 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2544 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Integer is precise. NOK, IOK */
2546 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
2548 return SvNVX(sv) < 0 ? IS_NUMBER_UNDERFLOW_UV : IS_NUMBER_IV_AND_UV;
2551 SvUV_set(sv, U_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2552 if ((NV)(SvUVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2553 if (SvUVX(sv) == UV_MAX) {
2554 /* As we know that NVs don't preserve UVs, UV_MAX cannot
2555 possibly be preserved by NV. Hence, it must be overflow.
2557 return IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_UV;
2559 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Integer is precise. NOK, UOK */
2561 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
2563 return IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_IV;
2565 #endif /* !NV_PRESERVES_UV*/
2567 /* sv_2iv() is now a macro using Perl_sv_2iv_flags();
2568 * this function provided for binary compatibility only
2572 Perl_sv_2iv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2574 return sv_2iv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC);
2578 =for apidoc sv_2iv_flags
2580 Return the integer value of an SV, doing any necessary string
2581 conversion. If flags includes SV_GMAGIC, does an mg_get() first.
2582 Normally used via the C<SvIV(sv)> and C<SvIVx(sv)> macros.
2588 Perl_sv_2iv_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, I32 flags)
2592 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2593 if (flags & SV_GMAGIC)
2598 return I_V(SvNVX(sv));
2600 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
2603 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2604 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2610 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
2613 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,numer)) &&
2614 (!SvROK(tmpstr) || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
2615 return SvIV(tmpstr);
2616 return PTR2IV(SvRV(sv));
2619 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
2621 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
2622 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
2629 return (IV)(SvUVX(sv));
2636 /* erm. not sure. *should* never get NOKp (without NOK) from sv_2nv
2637 * without also getting a cached IV/UV from it at the same time
2638 * (ie PV->NV conversion should detect loss of accuracy and cache
2639 * IV or UV at same time to avoid this. NWC */
2641 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_NV)
2642 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2644 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv); /* Must do this first, to clear any SvOOK */
2645 /* < not <= as for NV doesn't preserve UV, ((NV)IV_MAX+1) will almost
2646 certainly cast into the IV range at IV_MAX, whereas the correct
2647 answer is the UV IV_MAX +1. Hence < ensures that dodgy boundary
2649 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2650 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2651 if (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvIVX(sv)
2652 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2653 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2654 (UV)(SvIVX(sv) > 0 ? SvIVX(sv) : -SvIVX(sv)))
2655 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2656 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2657 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2660 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Can this go wrong with rounding? NWC */
2661 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2662 "0x%"UVxf" iv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (precise)\n",
2668 /* IV not precise. No need to convert from PV, as NV
2669 conversion would already have cached IV if it detected
2670 that PV->IV would be better than PV->NV->IV
2671 flags already correct - don't set public IOK. */
2672 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2673 "0x%"UVxf" iv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (imprecise)\n",
2678 /* Can the above go wrong if SvIVX == IV_MIN and SvNVX < IV_MIN,
2679 but the cast (NV)IV_MIN rounds to a the value less (more
2680 negative) than IV_MIN which happens to be equal to SvNVX ??
2681 Analogous to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF rounding up to NV (2**64) and
2682 NV rounding back to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, so UVX == UV(NVX) and
2683 (NV)UVX == NVX are both true, but the values differ. :-(
2684 Hopefully for 2s complement IV_MIN is something like
2685 0x8000000000000000 which will be exact. NWC */
2688 SvUV_set(sv, U_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2690 (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvUVX(sv))
2691 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2692 /* Make sure it's not 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF */
2693 /*&& (SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX) irrelevant with code below */
2694 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) > SvUVX(sv))
2695 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2696 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2697 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2703 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2704 "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%"UVuf" => %"IVdf") (as unsigned)\n",
2708 return (IV)SvUVX(sv);
2711 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
2713 const int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
2714 /* We want to avoid a possible problem when we cache an IV which
2715 may be later translated to an NV, and the resulting NV is not
2716 the same as the direct translation of the initial string
2717 (eg 123.456 can shortcut to the IV 123 with atol(), but we must
2718 be careful to ensure that the value with the .456 is around if the
2719 NV value is requested in the future).
2721 This means that if we cache such an IV, we need to cache the
2722 NV as well. Moreover, we trade speed for space, and do not
2723 cache the NV if we are sure it's not needed.
2726 /* SVt_PVNV is one higher than SVt_PVIV, hence this order */
2727 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2728 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2729 /* It's definitely an integer, only upgrade to PVIV */
2730 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
2731 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
2733 } else if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2734 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2736 /* If NV preserves UV then we only use the UV value if we know that
2737 we aren't going to call atof() below. If NVs don't preserve UVs
2738 then the value returned may have more precision than atof() will
2739 return, even though value isn't perfectly accurate. */
2740 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV
2741 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2744 )) == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2745 /* This won't turn off the public IOK flag if it was set above */
2746 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2748 if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG)) {
2750 if (value <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
2751 SvIV_set(sv, (IV)value);
2753 SvUV_set(sv, value);
2757 /* 2s complement assumption */
2758 if (value <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
2759 SvIV_set(sv, -(IV)value);
2761 /* Too negative for an IV. This is a double upgrade, but
2762 I'm assuming it will be rare. */
2763 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
2764 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2768 SvNV_set(sv, -(NV)value);
2769 SvIV_set(sv, IV_MIN);
2773 /* For !NV_PRESERVES_UV and IS_NUMBER_IN_UV and IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT we
2774 will be in the previous block to set the IV slot, and the next
2775 block to set the NV slot. So no else here. */
2777 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2778 != IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
2779 /* It wasn't an (integer that doesn't overflow the UV). */
2780 SvNV_set(sv, Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
2782 if (! numtype && ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
2785 #if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
2786 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
2787 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
2789 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%"NVgf")\n",
2790 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
2794 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2795 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2797 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2798 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2799 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2802 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
2804 /* UV will not work better than IV */
2806 if (SvNVX(sv) > (NV)UV_MAX) {
2808 /* Integer is inaccurate. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
2809 SvUV_set(sv, UV_MAX);
2812 SvUV_set(sv, U_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2813 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF not an issue in here */
2814 if ((NV)(SvUVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
2818 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
2824 #else /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2825 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
2826 == (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT)) {
2827 /* The IV slot will have been set from value returned by
2828 grok_number above. The NV slot has just been set using
2831 assert (SvIOKp(sv));
2833 if (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2834 U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))) {
2835 /* Small enough to preserve all bits. */
2836 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
2838 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2839 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv))
2841 /* Assumption: first non-preserved integer is < IV_MAX,
2842 this NV is in the preserved range, therefore: */
2843 if (!(U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))
2845 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sv_2iv assumed (U_V(fabs((double)SvNVX(sv))) < (UV)IV_MAX) but SvNVX(sv)=%"NVgf" U_V is 0x%"UVxf", IV_MAX is 0x%"UVxf"\n", SvNVX(sv), U_V(SvNVX(sv)), (UV)IV_MAX);
2849 0 0 already failed to read UV.
2850 0 1 already failed to read UV.
2851 1 0 you won't get here in this case. IV/UV
2852 slot set, public IOK, Atof() unneeded.
2853 1 1 already read UV.
2854 so there's no point in sv_2iuv_non_preserve() attempting
2855 to use atol, strtol, strtoul etc. */
2856 if (sv_2iuv_non_preserve (sv, numtype)
2857 >= IS_NUMBER_OVERFLOW_IV)
2861 #endif /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
2864 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP))
2866 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_IV)
2867 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
2868 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
2871 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2iv(%"IVdf")\n",
2872 PTR2UV(sv),SvIVX(sv)));
2873 return SvIsUV(sv) ? (IV)SvUVX(sv) : SvIVX(sv);
2876 /* sv_2uv() is now a macro using Perl_sv_2uv_flags();
2877 * this function provided for binary compatibility only
2881 Perl_sv_2uv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
2883 return sv_2uv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC);
2887 =for apidoc sv_2uv_flags
2889 Return the unsigned integer value of an SV, doing any necessary string
2890 conversion. If flags includes SV_GMAGIC, does an mg_get() first.
2891 Normally used via the C<SvUV(sv)> and C<SvUVx(sv)> macros.
2897 Perl_sv_2uv_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, I32 flags)
2901 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2902 if (flags & SV_GMAGIC)
2907 return U_V(SvNVX(sv));
2908 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
2911 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
2912 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
2918 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
2921 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,numer)) &&
2922 (!SvROK(tmpstr) || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
2923 return SvUV(tmpstr);
2924 return PTR2UV(SvRV(sv));
2927 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
2929 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
2930 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
2940 return (UV)SvIVX(sv);
2944 /* erm. not sure. *should* never get NOKp (without NOK) from sv_2nv
2945 * without also getting a cached IV/UV from it at the same time
2946 * (ie PV->NV conversion should detect loss of accuracy and cache
2947 * IV or UV at same time to avoid this. */
2948 /* IV-over-UV optimisation - choose to cache IV if possible */
2950 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_NV)
2951 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
2953 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv); /* Must do this first, to clear any SvOOK */
2954 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
2955 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2956 if (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvIVX(sv)
2957 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2958 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
2959 (UV)(SvIVX(sv) > 0 ? SvIVX(sv) : -SvIVX(sv)))
2960 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
2961 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
2962 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
2965 SvIOK_on(sv); /* Can this go wrong with rounding? NWC */
2966 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2967 "0x%"UVxf" uv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (precise)\n",
2973 /* IV not precise. No need to convert from PV, as NV
2974 conversion would already have cached IV if it detected
2975 that PV->IV would be better than PV->NV->IV
2976 flags already correct - don't set public IOK. */
2977 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2978 "0x%"UVxf" uv(%"NVgf" => %"IVdf") (imprecise)\n",
2983 /* Can the above go wrong if SvIVX == IV_MIN and SvNVX < IV_MIN,
2984 but the cast (NV)IV_MIN rounds to a the value less (more
2985 negative) than IV_MIN which happens to be equal to SvNVX ??
2986 Analogous to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF rounding up to NV (2**64) and
2987 NV rounding back to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF, so UVX == UV(NVX) and
2988 (NV)UVX == NVX are both true, but the values differ. :-(
2989 Hopefully for 2s complement IV_MIN is something like
2990 0x8000000000000000 which will be exact. NWC */
2993 SvUV_set(sv, U_V(SvNVX(sv)));
2995 (SvNVX(sv) == (NV) SvUVX(sv))
2996 #ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
2997 /* Make sure it's not 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF */
2998 /*&& (SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX) irrelevant with code below */
2999 && (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) > SvUVX(sv))
3000 /* Don't flag it as "accurately an integer" if the number
3001 came from a (by definition imprecise) NV operation, and
3002 we're outside the range of NV integer precision */
3007 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3008 "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%"UVuf" => %"IVdf") (as unsigned)\n",
3014 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
3016 const int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
3018 /* We want to avoid a possible problem when we cache a UV which
3019 may be later translated to an NV, and the resulting NV is not
3020 the translation of the initial data.
3022 This means that if we cache such a UV, we need to cache the
3023 NV as well. Moreover, we trade speed for space, and do not
3024 cache the NV if not needed.
3027 /* SVt_PVNV is one higher than SVt_PVIV, hence this order */
3028 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
3029 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
3030 /* It's definitely an integer, only upgrade to PVIV */
3031 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
3032 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
3034 } else if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
3035 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
3037 /* If NV preserves UV then we only use the UV value if we know that
3038 we aren't going to call atof() below. If NVs don't preserve UVs
3039 then the value returned may have more precision than atof() will
3040 return, even though it isn't accurate. */
3041 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV
3042 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
3045 )) == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
3046 /* This won't turn off the public IOK flag if it was set above */
3047 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
3049 if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG)) {
3051 if (value <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
3052 SvIV_set(sv, (IV)value);
3054 /* it didn't overflow, and it was positive. */
3055 SvUV_set(sv, value);
3059 /* 2s complement assumption */
3060 if (value <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
3061 SvIV_set(sv, -(IV)value);
3063 /* Too negative for an IV. This is a double upgrade, but
3064 I'm assuming it will be rare. */
3065 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
3066 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
3070 SvNV_set(sv, -(NV)value);
3071 SvIV_set(sv, IV_MIN);
3076 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
3077 != IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
3078 /* It wasn't an integer, or it overflowed the UV. */
3079 SvNV_set(sv, Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
3081 if (! numtype && ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
3084 #if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
3085 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
3086 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
3088 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%"NVgf")\n",
3089 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv)));
3092 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
3093 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
3095 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
3096 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
3097 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
3100 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp */
3102 /* UV will not work better than IV */
3104 if (SvNVX(sv) > (NV)UV_MAX) {
3106 /* Integer is inaccurate. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
3107 SvUV_set(sv, UV_MAX);
3110 SvUV_set(sv, U_V(SvNVX(sv)));
3111 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF not an issue in here, NVs
3112 NV preservse UV so can do correct comparison. */
3113 if ((NV)(SvUVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv)) {
3117 /* Integer is imprecise. NOK, IOKp, is UV */
3122 #else /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
3123 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
3124 == (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT)) {
3125 /* The UV slot will have been set from value returned by
3126 grok_number above. The NV slot has just been set using
3129 assert (SvIOKp(sv));
3131 if (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
3132 U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))) {
3133 /* Small enough to preserve all bits. */
3134 (void)SvIOKp_on(sv);
3136 SvIV_set(sv, I_V(SvNVX(sv)));
3137 if ((NV)(SvIVX(sv)) == SvNVX(sv))
3139 /* Assumption: first non-preserved integer is < IV_MAX,
3140 this NV is in the preserved range, therefore: */
3141 if (!(U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))
3143 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "sv_2uv assumed (U_V(fabs((double)SvNVX(sv))) < (UV)IV_MAX) but SvNVX(sv)=%"NVgf" U_V is 0x%"UVxf", IV_MAX is 0x%"UVxf"\n", SvNVX(sv), U_V(SvNVX(sv)), (UV)IV_MAX);
3146 sv_2iuv_non_preserve (sv, numtype);
3148 #endif /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
3152 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
3153 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
3156 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_IV)
3157 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
3158 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV);
3162 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2uv(%"UVuf")\n",
3163 PTR2UV(sv),SvUVX(sv)));
3164 return SvIsUV(sv) ? SvUVX(sv) : (UV)SvIVX(sv);
3170 Return the num value of an SV, doing any necessary string or integer
3171 conversion, magic etc. Normally used via the C<SvNV(sv)> and C<SvNVx(sv)>
3178 Perl_sv_2nv(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3182 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
3186 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
3187 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC) && !SvIOKp(sv) &&
3188 !grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), NULL))
3190 return Atof(SvPVX(sv));
3194 return (NV)SvUVX(sv);
3196 return (NV)SvIVX(sv);
3199 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
3200 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
3206 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
3209 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,numer)) &&
3210 (!SvROK(tmpstr) || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv))))
3211 return SvNV(tmpstr);
3212 return PTR2NV(SvRV(sv));
3215 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
3217 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
3218 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
3223 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_NV) {
3224 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_IV)
3225 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
3227 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_NV);
3228 #ifdef USE_LONG_DOUBLE
3230 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
3231 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3232 "0x%"UVxf" num(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
3233 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
3234 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
3238 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
3239 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" num(%"NVgf")\n",
3240 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
3241 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
3245 else if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
3246 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
3251 SvNV_set(sv, SvIsUV(sv) ? (NV)SvUVX(sv) : (NV)SvIVX(sv));
3252 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
3255 /* Only set the public NV OK flag if this NV preserves the IV */
3256 /* Check it's not 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF */
3257 if (SvIsUV(sv) ? ((SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX)&&(SvUVX(sv) == U_V(SvNVX(sv))))
3258 : (SvIVX(sv) == I_V(SvNVX(sv))))
3264 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
3266 const int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
3267 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC) && !SvIOKp(sv) && !numtype)
3269 #ifdef NV_PRESERVES_UV
3270 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
3271 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
3272 /* It's definitely an integer */
3273 SvNV_set(sv, (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) ? -(NV)value : (NV)value);
3275 SvNV_set(sv, Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
3278 SvNV_set(sv, Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
3279 /* Only set the public NV OK flag if this NV preserves the value in
3280 the PV at least as well as an IV/UV would.
3281 Not sure how to do this 100% reliably. */
3282 /* if that shift count is out of range then Configure's test is
3283 wonky. We shouldn't be in here with NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS ==
3285 if (((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS) >
3286 U_V(SvNVX(sv) > 0 ? SvNVX(sv) : -SvNVX(sv))) {
3287 SvNOK_on(sv); /* Definitely small enough to preserve all bits */
3288 } else if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_IN_UV)) {
3289 /* Can't use strtol etc to convert this string, so don't try.
3290 sv_2iv and sv_2uv will use the NV to convert, not the PV. */
3293 /* value has been set. It may not be precise. */
3294 if ((numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) && (value > (UV)IV_MIN)) {
3295 /* 2s complement assumption for (UV)IV_MIN */
3296 SvNOK_on(sv); /* Integer is too negative. */
3301 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) {
3302 SvIV_set(sv, -(IV)value);
3303 } else if (value <= (UV)IV_MAX) {
3304 SvIV_set(sv, (IV)value);
3306 SvUV_set(sv, value);
3310 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT) {
3311 /* I believe that even if the original PV had decimals,
3312 they are lost beyond the limit of the FP precision.
3313 However, neither is canonical, so both only get p
3314 flags. NWC, 2000/11/25 */
3315 /* Both already have p flags, so do nothing */
3318 if (SvNVX(sv) < (NV)IV_MAX + 0.5) {
3319 if (SvIVX(sv) == I_V(nv)) {
3324 /* It had no "." so it must be integer. */
3327 /* between IV_MAX and NV(UV_MAX).
3328 Could be slightly > UV_MAX */
3330 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT) {
3331 /* UV and NV both imprecise. */
3333 UV nv_as_uv = U_V(nv);
3335 if (value == nv_as_uv && SvUVX(sv) != UV_MAX) {
3346 #endif /* NV_PRESERVES_UV */
3349 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP))
3351 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_NV)
3352 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
3353 /* XXX Ilya implies that this is a bug in callers that assume this
3354 and ideally should be fixed. */
3355 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_NV);
3358 #if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
3360 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
3361 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2nv(%" PERL_PRIgldbl ")\n",
3362 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
3363 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
3367 STORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL_SET_STANDARD();
3368 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 1nv(%"NVgf")\n",
3369 PTR2UV(sv), SvNVX(sv));
3370 RESTORE_NUMERIC_LOCAL();
3376 /* asIV(): extract an integer from the string value of an SV.
3377 * Caller must validate PVX */
3380 S_asIV(pTHX_ SV *sv)
3383 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
3385 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
3386 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
3387 /* It's definitely an integer */
3388 if (numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG) {
3389 if (value < (UV)IV_MIN)
3392 if (value < (UV)IV_MAX)
3397 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
3400 return I_V(Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
3403 /* asUV(): extract an unsigned integer from the string value of an SV
3404 * Caller must validate PVX */
3407 S_asUV(pTHX_ SV *sv)
3410 int numtype = grok_number(SvPVX(sv), SvCUR(sv), &value);
3412 if ((numtype & (IS_NUMBER_IN_UV | IS_NUMBER_NOT_INT))
3413 == IS_NUMBER_IN_UV) {
3414 /* It's definitely an integer */
3415 if (!(numtype & IS_NUMBER_NEG))
3419 if (ckWARN(WARN_NUMERIC))
3422 return U_V(Atof(SvPVX(sv)));
3426 =for apidoc sv_2pv_nolen
3428 Like C<sv_2pv()>, but doesn't return the length too. You should usually
3429 use the macro wrapper C<SvPV_nolen(sv)> instead.
3434 Perl_sv_2pv_nolen(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3437 return sv_2pv(sv, &n_a);
3440 /* uiv_2buf(): private routine for use by sv_2pv_flags(): print an IV or
3441 * UV as a string towards the end of buf, and return pointers to start and
3444 * We assume that buf is at least TYPE_CHARS(UV) long.
3448 uiv_2buf(char *buf, IV iv, UV uv, int is_uv, char **peob)
3450 char *ptr = buf + TYPE_CHARS(UV);
3464 *--ptr = '0' + (char)(uv % 10);
3472 /* sv_2pv() is now a macro using Perl_sv_2pv_flags();
3473 * this function provided for binary compatibility only
3477 Perl_sv_2pv(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp)
3479 return sv_2pv_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC);
3483 =for apidoc sv_2pv_flags
3485 Returns a pointer to the string value of an SV, and sets *lp to its length.
3486 If flags includes SV_GMAGIC, does an mg_get() first. Coerces sv to a string
3488 Normally invoked via the C<SvPV_flags> macro. C<sv_2pv()> and C<sv_2pv_nomg>
3489 usually end up here too.
3495 Perl_sv_2pv_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp, I32 flags)
3500 char tbuf[64]; /* Must fit sprintf/Gconvert of longest IV/NV */
3501 char *tmpbuf = tbuf;
3507 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
3508 if (flags & SV_GMAGIC)
3516 (void)sprintf(tmpbuf,"%"UVuf, (UV)SvUVX(sv));
3518 (void)sprintf(tmpbuf,"%"IVdf, (IV)SvIVX(sv));
3523 Gconvert(SvNVX(sv), NV_DIG, 0, tmpbuf);
3528 if (!(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP)) {
3529 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED) && !PL_localizing)
3536 if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) {
3539 register const char *typestr;
3540 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpstr=AMG_CALLun(sv,string)) &&
3541 (!SvROK(tmpstr) || (SvRV(tmpstr) != SvRV(sv)))) {
3542 char *pv = SvPV(tmpstr, *lp);
3552 typestr = "NULLREF";
3556 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
3558 if ( ((SvFLAGS(sv) &
3559 (SVs_OBJECT|SVf_OK|SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
3560 == (SVs_OBJECT|SVs_SMG))
3561 && (mg = mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_qr))) {
3562 const regexp *re = (regexp *)mg->mg_obj;
3565 const char *fptr = "msix";
3570 char need_newline = 0;
3571 U16 reganch = (U16)((re->reganch & PMf_COMPILETIME) >> 12);
3573 while((ch = *fptr++)) {
3575 reflags[left++] = ch;
3578 reflags[right--] = ch;
3583 reflags[left] = '-';
3587 mg->mg_len = re->prelen + 4 + left;
3589 * If /x was used, we have to worry about a regex
3590 * ending with a comment later being embedded
3591 * within another regex. If so, we don't want this
3592 * regex's "commentization" to leak out to the
3593 * right part of the enclosing regex, we must cap
3594 * it with a newline.
3596 * So, if /x was used, we scan backwards from the
3597 * end of the regex. If we find a '#' before we
3598 * find a newline, we need to add a newline
3599 * ourself. If we find a '\n' first (or if we
3600 * don't find '#' or '\n'), we don't need to add
3601 * anything. -jfriedl
3603 if (PMf_EXTENDED & re->reganch)
3605 const char *endptr = re->precomp + re->prelen;
3606 while (endptr >= re->precomp)
3608 const char c = *(endptr--);
3610 break; /* don't need another */
3612 /* we end while in a comment, so we
3614 mg->mg_len++; /* save space for it */
3615 need_newline = 1; /* note to add it */
3621 New(616, mg->mg_ptr, mg->mg_len + 1 + left, char);
3622 Copy("(?", mg->mg_ptr, 2, char);
3623 Copy(reflags, mg->mg_ptr+2, left, char);
3624 Copy(":", mg->mg_ptr+left+2, 1, char);
3625 Copy(re->precomp, mg->mg_ptr+3+left, re->prelen, char);
3627 mg->mg_ptr[mg->mg_len - 2] = '\n';
3628 mg->mg_ptr[mg->mg_len - 1] = ')';
3629 mg->mg_ptr[mg->mg_len] = 0;
3631 PL_reginterp_cnt += re->program[0].next_off;
3633 if (re->reganch & ROPT_UTF8)
3648 case SVt_PVBM: typestr = SvROK(sv) ? "REF" : "SCALAR"; break;
3649 case SVt_PVLV: typestr = SvROK(sv) ? "REF"
3650 /* tied lvalues should appear to be
3651 * scalars for backwards compatitbility */
3652 : (LvTYPE(sv) == 't' || LvTYPE(sv) == 'T')
3653 ? "SCALAR" : "LVALUE"; break;
3654 case SVt_PVAV: typestr = "ARRAY"; break;
3655 case SVt_PVHV: typestr = "HASH"; break;
3656 case SVt_PVCV: typestr = "CODE"; break;
3657 case SVt_PVGV: typestr = "GLOB"; break;
3658 case SVt_PVFM: typestr = "FORMAT"; break;
3659 case SVt_PVIO: typestr = "IO"; break;
3660 default: typestr = "UNKNOWN"; break;
3664 const char *name = HvNAME(SvSTASH(sv));
3665 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ tsv, "%s=%s(0x%"UVxf")",
3666 name ? name : "__ANON__" , typestr, PTR2UV(sv));
3669 Perl_sv_setpvf(aTHX_ tsv, "%s(0x%"UVxf")", typestr, PTR2UV(sv));
3672 *lp = strlen(typestr);
3673 return (char *)typestr;
3675 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && !SvOK(sv)) {
3676 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
3682 if (SvIOK(sv) || ((SvIOKp(sv) && !SvNOKp(sv)))) {
3683 /* I'm assuming that if both IV and NV are equally valid then
3684 converting the IV is going to be more efficient */
3685 const U32 isIOK = SvIOK(sv);
3686 const U32 isUIOK = SvIsUV(sv);
3687 char buf[TYPE_CHARS(UV)];
3690 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVIV)
3691 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVIV);
3693 ptr = uiv_2buf(buf, 0, SvUVX(sv), 1, &ebuf);
3695 ptr = uiv_2buf(buf, SvIVX(sv), 0, 0, &ebuf);
3696 SvGROW(sv, (STRLEN)(ebuf - ptr + 1)); /* inlined from sv_setpvn */
3697 Move(ptr,SvPVX(sv),ebuf - ptr,char);
3698 SvCUR_set(sv, ebuf - ptr);
3708 else if (SvNOKp(sv)) {
3709 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVNV)
3710 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVNV);
3711 /* The +20 is pure guesswork. Configure test needed. --jhi */
3712 SvGROW(sv, NV_DIG + 20);
3714 olderrno = errno; /* some Xenix systems wipe out errno here */
3716 if (SvNVX(sv) == 0.0)
3717 (void)strcpy(s,"0");
3721 Gconvert(SvNVX(sv), NV_DIG, 0, s);
3724 #ifdef FIXNEGATIVEZERO
3725 if (*s == '-' && s[1] == '0' && !s[2])
3735 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)
3736 && !PL_localizing && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADTMP))
3739 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PV)
3740 /* Typically the caller expects that sv_any is not NULL now. */
3741 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PV);
3744 *lp = s - SvPVX(sv);
3747 DEBUG_c(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "0x%"UVxf" 2pv(%s)\n",
3748 PTR2UV(sv),SvPVX(sv)));
3752 if (SvROK(sv)) { /* XXX Skip this when sv_pvn_force calls */
3753 /* Sneaky stuff here */
3757 tsv = newSVpv(tmpbuf, 0);
3774 len = strlen(tmpbuf);
3776 #ifdef FIXNEGATIVEZERO
3777 if (len == 2 && t[0] == '-' && t[1] == '0') {
3782 (void)SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
3784 s = SvGROW(sv, len + 1);
3787 return strcpy(s, t);
3792 =for apidoc sv_copypv
3794 Copies a stringified representation of the source SV into the
3795 destination SV. Automatically performs any necessary mg_get and
3796 coercion of numeric values into strings. Guaranteed to preserve
3797 UTF-8 flag even from overloaded objects. Similar in nature to
3798 sv_2pv[_flags] but operates directly on an SV instead of just the
3799 string. Mostly uses sv_2pv_flags to do its work, except when that
3800 would lose the UTF-8'ness of the PV.
3806 Perl_sv_copypv(pTHX_ SV *dsv, register SV *ssv)
3811 sv_setpvn(dsv,s,len);
3819 =for apidoc sv_2pvbyte_nolen
3821 Return a pointer to the byte-encoded representation of the SV.
3822 May cause the SV to be downgraded from UTF-8 as a side-effect.
3824 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVbyte_nolen> macro.
3830 Perl_sv_2pvbyte_nolen(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3833 return sv_2pvbyte(sv, &n_a);
3837 =for apidoc sv_2pvbyte
3839 Return a pointer to the byte-encoded representation of the SV, and set *lp
3840 to its length. May cause the SV to be downgraded from UTF-8 as a
3843 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVbyte> macro.
3849 Perl_sv_2pvbyte(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp)
3851 sv_utf8_downgrade(sv,0);
3852 return SvPV(sv,*lp);
3856 =for apidoc sv_2pvutf8_nolen
3858 Return a pointer to the UTF-8-encoded representation of the SV.
3859 May cause the SV to be upgraded to UTF-8 as a side-effect.
3861 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVutf8_nolen> macro.
3867 Perl_sv_2pvutf8_nolen(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3870 return sv_2pvutf8(sv, &n_a);
3874 =for apidoc sv_2pvutf8
3876 Return a pointer to the UTF-8-encoded representation of the SV, and set *lp
3877 to its length. May cause the SV to be upgraded to UTF-8 as a side-effect.
3879 Usually accessed via the C<SvPVutf8> macro.
3885 Perl_sv_2pvutf8(pTHX_ register SV *sv, STRLEN *lp)
3887 sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
3888 return SvPV(sv,*lp);
3892 =for apidoc sv_2bool
3894 This function is only called on magical items, and is only used by
3895 sv_true() or its macro equivalent.
3901 Perl_sv_2bool(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3910 if (SvAMAGIC(sv) && (tmpsv=AMG_CALLun(sv,bool_)) &&
3911 (!SvROK(tmpsv) || (SvRV(tmpsv) != SvRV(sv))))
3912 return (bool)SvTRUE(tmpsv);
3913 return SvRV(sv) != 0;
3916 register XPV* Xpvtmp;
3917 if ((Xpvtmp = (XPV*)SvANY(sv)) &&
3918 (*Xpvtmp->xpv_pv > '0' ||
3919 Xpvtmp->xpv_cur > 1 ||
3920 (Xpvtmp->xpv_cur && *Xpvtmp->xpv_pv != '0')))
3927 return SvIVX(sv) != 0;
3930 return SvNVX(sv) != 0.0;
3937 /* sv_utf8_upgrade() is now a macro using sv_utf8_upgrade_flags();
3938 * this function provided for binary compatibility only
3943 Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
3945 return sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC);
3949 =for apidoc sv_utf8_upgrade
3951 Converts the PV of an SV to its UTF-8-encoded form.
3952 Forces the SV to string form if it is not already.
3953 Always sets the SvUTF8 flag to avoid future validity checks even
3954 if all the bytes have hibit clear.
3956 This is not as a general purpose byte encoding to Unicode interface:
3957 use the Encode extension for that.
3959 =for apidoc sv_utf8_upgrade_flags
3961 Converts the PV of an SV to its UTF-8-encoded form.
3962 Forces the SV to string form if it is not already.
3963 Always sets the SvUTF8 flag to avoid future validity checks even
3964 if all the bytes have hibit clear. If C<flags> has C<SV_GMAGIC> bit set,
3965 will C<mg_get> on C<sv> if appropriate, else not. C<sv_utf8_upgrade> and
3966 C<sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg> are implemented in terms of this function.
3968 This is not as a general purpose byte encoding to Unicode interface:
3969 use the Encode extension for that.
3975 Perl_sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(pTHX_ register SV *sv, I32 flags)
3977 if (sv == &PL_sv_undef)
3981 if (SvREADONLY(sv) && (SvPOKp(sv) || SvIOKp(sv) || SvNOKp(sv))) {
3982 (void) sv_2pv_flags(sv,&len, flags);
3986 (void) SvPV_force(sv,len);
3995 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
3998 if (PL_encoding && !(flags & SV_UTF8_NO_ENCODING))
3999 sv_recode_to_utf8(sv, PL_encoding);
4000 else { /* Assume Latin-1/EBCDIC */
4001 /* This function could be much more efficient if we
4002 * had a FLAG in SVs to signal if there are any hibit
4003 * chars in the PV. Given that there isn't such a flag
4004 * make the loop as fast as possible. */
4005 U8 *s = (U8 *) SvPVX(sv);
4006 U8 *e = (U8 *) SvEND(sv);
4012 if ((hibit = !NATIVE_IS_INVARIANT(ch)))
4016 STRLEN len = SvCUR(sv) + 1; /* Plus the \0 */
4017 s = bytes_to_utf8((U8*)s, &len);
4019 SvPV_free(sv); /* No longer using what was there before. */
4021 SvPV_set(sv, (char*)s);
4022 SvCUR_set(sv, len - 1);
4023 SvLEN_set(sv, len); /* No longer know the real size. */
4025 /* Mark as UTF-8 even if no hibit - saves scanning loop */
4032 =for apidoc sv_utf8_downgrade
4034 Attempts to convert the PV of an SV from characters to bytes.
4035 If the PV contains a character beyond byte, this conversion will fail;
4036 in this case, either returns false or, if C<fail_ok> is not
4039 This is not as a general purpose Unicode to byte encoding interface:
4040 use the Encode extension for that.
4046 Perl_sv_utf8_downgrade(pTHX_ register SV* sv, bool fail_ok)
4048 if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvUTF8(sv)) {
4054 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
4056 s = (U8 *) SvPV(sv, len);
4057 if (!utf8_to_bytes(s, &len)) {
4062 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wide character in %s",
4065 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Wide character");
4076 =for apidoc sv_utf8_encode
4078 Converts the PV of an SV to UTF-8, but then turns the C<SvUTF8>
4079 flag off so that it looks like octets again.
4085 Perl_sv_utf8_encode(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
4087 (void) sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
4089 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
4091 if (SvREADONLY(sv)) {
4092 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
4098 =for apidoc sv_utf8_decode
4100 If the PV of the SV is an octet sequence in UTF-8
4101 and contains a multiple-byte character, the C<SvUTF8> flag is turned on
4102 so that it looks like a character. If the PV contains only single-byte
4103 characters, the C<SvUTF8> flag stays being off.
4104 Scans PV for validity and returns false if the PV is invalid UTF-8.
4110 Perl_sv_utf8_decode(pTHX_ register SV *sv)
4116 /* The octets may have got themselves encoded - get them back as
4119 if (!sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, TRUE))
4122 /* it is actually just a matter of turning the utf8 flag on, but
4123 * we want to make sure everything inside is valid utf8 first.
4125 c = (U8 *) SvPVX(sv);
4126 if (!is_utf8_string(c, SvCUR(sv)+1))
4128 e = (U8 *) SvEND(sv);
4131 if (!UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(ch)) {
4140 /* sv_setsv() is now a macro using Perl_sv_setsv_flags();
4141 * this function provided for binary compatibility only
4145 Perl_sv_setsv(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr)
4147 sv_setsv_flags(dstr, sstr, SV_GMAGIC);
4151 =for apidoc sv_setsv
4153 Copies the contents of the source SV C<ssv> into the destination SV
4154 C<dsv>. The source SV may be destroyed if it is mortal, so don't use this
4155 function if the source SV needs to be reused. Does not handle 'set' magic.
4156 Loosely speaking, it performs a copy-by-value, obliterating any previous
4157 content of the destination.
4159 You probably want to use one of the assortment of wrappers, such as
4160 C<SvSetSV>, C<SvSetSV_nosteal>, C<SvSetMagicSV> and
4161 C<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>.
4163 =for apidoc sv_setsv_flags
4165 Copies the contents of the source SV C<ssv> into the destination SV
4166 C<dsv>. The source SV may be destroyed if it is mortal, so don't use this
4167 function if the source SV needs to be reused. Does not handle 'set' magic.
4168 Loosely speaking, it performs a copy-by-value, obliterating any previous
4169 content of the destination.
4170 If the C<flags> parameter has the C<SV_GMAGIC> bit set, will C<mg_get> on
4171 C<ssv> if appropriate, else not. If the C<flags> parameter has the
4172 C<NOSTEAL> bit set then the buffers of temps will not be stolen. <sv_setsv>
4173 and C<sv_setsv_nomg> are implemented in terms of this function.
4175 You probably want to use one of the assortment of wrappers, such as
4176 C<SvSetSV>, C<SvSetSV_nosteal>, C<SvSetMagicSV> and
4177 C<SvSetMagicSV_nosteal>.
4179 This is the primary function for copying scalars, and most other
4180 copy-ish functions and macros use this underneath.
4186 Perl_sv_setsv_flags(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr, I32 flags)
4188 register U32 sflags;
4194 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(dstr);
4196 sstr = &PL_sv_undef;
4197 stype = SvTYPE(sstr);
4198 dtype = SvTYPE(dstr);
4203 /* need to nuke the magic */
4205 SvRMAGICAL_off(dstr);
4208 /* There's a lot of redundancy below but we're going for speed here */
4213 if (dtype != SVt_PVGV) {
4214 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
4222 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_IV);
4225 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
4229 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVIV);
4232 (void)SvIOK_only(dstr);
4233 SvIV_set(dstr, SvIVX(sstr));
4236 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
4247 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_NV);
4252 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
4255 SvNV_set(dstr, SvNVX(sstr));
4256 (void)SvNOK_only(dstr);
4257 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
4265 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_RV);
4266 else if (dtype == SVt_PVGV &&
4267 SvROK(sstr) && SvTYPE(SvRV(sstr)) == SVt_PVGV) {
4270 if (GvIMPORTED(dstr) != GVf_IMPORTED
4271 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
4273 GvIMPORTED_on(dstr);
4282 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
4283 if ((SvFLAGS(sstr) & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS) {
4284 if (dtype < SVt_PVIV)
4285 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVIV);
4292 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PV);
4295 if (dtype < SVt_PVIV)
4296 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVIV);
4299 if (dtype < SVt_PVNV)
4300 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
4307 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bizarre copy of %s in %s", sv_reftype(sstr, 0),
4310 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bizarre copy of %s", sv_reftype(sstr, 0));
4314 if (dtype <= SVt_PVGV) {
4316 if (dtype != SVt_PVGV) {
4317 char *name = GvNAME(sstr);
4318 STRLEN len = GvNAMELEN(sstr);
4319 /* don't upgrade SVt_PVLV: it can hold a glob */
4320 if (dtype != SVt_PVLV)
4321 sv_upgrade(dstr, SVt_PVGV);
4322 sv_magic(dstr, dstr, PERL_MAGIC_glob, Nullch, 0);
4323 GvSTASH(dstr) = (HV*)SvREFCNT_inc(GvSTASH(sstr));
4324 GvNAME(dstr) = savepvn(name, len);
4325 GvNAMELEN(dstr) = len;
4326 SvFAKE_on(dstr); /* can coerce to non-glob */
4328 /* ahem, death to those who redefine active sort subs */
4329 else if (PL_curstackinfo->si_type == PERLSI_SORT
4330 && GvCV(dstr) && PL_sortcop == CvSTART(GvCV(dstr)))
4331 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s",
4334 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
4335 if (GvUNIQUE((GV*)dstr)) {
4336 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
4340 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
4341 GvINTRO_off(dstr); /* one-shot flag */
4343 GvGP(dstr) = gp_ref(GvGP(sstr));
4344 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
4346 if (GvIMPORTED(dstr) != GVf_IMPORTED
4347 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
4349 GvIMPORTED_on(dstr);
4357 if (SvGMAGICAL(sstr) && (flags & SV_GMAGIC)) {
4359 if ((int)SvTYPE(sstr) != stype) {
4360 stype = SvTYPE(sstr);
4361 if (stype == SVt_PVGV && dtype <= SVt_PVGV)
4365 if (stype == SVt_PVLV)
4366 (void)SvUPGRADE(dstr, SVt_PVNV);
4368 (void)SvUPGRADE(dstr, (U32)stype);
4371 sflags = SvFLAGS(sstr);
4373 if (sflags & SVf_ROK) {
4374 if (dtype >= SVt_PV) {
4375 if (dtype == SVt_PVGV) {
4376 SV *sref = SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(sstr));
4378 int intro = GvINTRO(dstr);
4380 #ifdef GV_UNIQUE_CHECK
4381 if (GvUNIQUE((GV*)dstr)) {
4382 Perl_croak(aTHX_ PL_no_modify);
4387 GvINTRO_off(dstr); /* one-shot flag */
4388 GvLINE(dstr) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4389 GvEGV(dstr) = (GV*)dstr;
4392 switch (SvTYPE(sref)) {
4395 SAVEGENERICSV(GvAV(dstr));
4397 dref = (SV*)GvAV(dstr);
4398 GvAV(dstr) = (AV*)sref;
4399 if (!GvIMPORTED_AV(dstr)
4400 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
4402 GvIMPORTED_AV_on(dstr);
4407 SAVEGENERICSV(GvHV(dstr));
4409 dref = (SV*)GvHV(dstr);
4410 GvHV(dstr) = (HV*)sref;
4411 if (!GvIMPORTED_HV(dstr)
4412 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
4414 GvIMPORTED_HV_on(dstr);
4419 if (GvCVGEN(dstr) && GvCV(dstr) != (CV*)sref) {
4420 SvREFCNT_dec(GvCV(dstr));
4421 GvCV(dstr) = Nullcv;
4422 GvCVGEN(dstr) = 0; /* Switch off cacheness. */
4423 PL_sub_generation++;
4425 SAVEGENERICSV(GvCV(dstr));
4428 dref = (SV*)GvCV(dstr);
4429 if (GvCV(dstr) != (CV*)sref) {
4430 CV* cv = GvCV(dstr);
4432 if (!GvCVGEN((GV*)dstr) &&
4433 (CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
4435 /* ahem, death to those who redefine
4436 * active sort subs */
4437 if (PL_curstackinfo->si_type == PERLSI_SORT &&
4438 PL_sortcop == CvSTART(cv))
4440 "Can't redefine active sort subroutine %s",
4441 GvENAME((GV*)dstr));
4442 /* Redefining a sub - warning is mandatory if
4443 it was a const and its value changed. */
4444 if (ckWARN(WARN_REDEFINE)
4446 && (!CvCONST((CV*)sref)
4447 || sv_cmp(cv_const_sv(cv),
4448 cv_const_sv((CV*)sref)))))
4450 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_REDEFINE),
4452 ? "Constant subroutine %s::%s redefined"
4453 : "Subroutine %s::%s redefined",
4454 HvNAME(GvSTASH((GV*)dstr)),
4455 GvENAME((GV*)dstr));
4459 cv_ckproto(cv, (GV*)dstr,
4460 SvPOK(sref) ? SvPVX(sref) : Nullch);
4462 GvCV(dstr) = (CV*)sref;
4463 GvCVGEN(dstr) = 0; /* Switch off cacheness. */
4464 GvASSUMECV_on(dstr);
4465 PL_sub_generation++;
4467 if (!GvIMPORTED_CV(dstr)
4468 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
4470 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(dstr);
4475 SAVEGENERICSV(GvIOp(dstr));
4477 dref = (SV*)GvIOp(dstr);
4478 GvIOp(dstr) = (IO*)sref;
4482 SAVEGENERICSV(GvFORM(dstr));
4484 dref = (SV*)GvFORM(dstr);
4485 GvFORM(dstr) = (CV*)sref;
4489 SAVEGENERICSV(GvSV(dstr));
4491 dref = (SV*)GvSV(dstr);
4493 if (!GvIMPORTED_SV(dstr)
4494 && CopSTASH_ne(PL_curcop, GvSTASH(dstr)))
4496 GvIMPORTED_SV_on(dstr);
4502 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
4512 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
4513 SvRV_set(dstr, SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(sstr)));
4515 if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
4517 /* Only set the public OK flag if the source has public OK. */
4518 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
4519 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_NOK;
4520 SvNV_set(dstr, SvNVX(sstr));
4522 if (sflags & SVp_IOK) {
4523 (void)SvIOKp_on(dstr);
4524 if (sflags & SVf_IOK)
4525 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_IOK;
4526 if (sflags & SVf_IVisUV)
4528 SvIV_set(dstr, SvIVX(sstr));
4530 if (SvAMAGIC(sstr)) {
4534 else if (sflags & SVp_POK) {
4538 * Check to see if we can just swipe the string. If so, it's a
4539 * possible small lose on short strings, but a big win on long ones.
4540 * It might even be a win on short strings if SvPVX(dstr)
4541 * has to be allocated and SvPVX(sstr) has to be freed.
4544 /* Whichever path we take through the next code, we want this true,
4545 and doing it now facilitates the COW check. */
4546 (void)SvPOK_only(dstr);
4549 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
4550 (sflags & (SVf_FAKE | SVf_READONLY)) != (SVf_FAKE | SVf_READONLY)
4554 (sflags & SVs_TEMP) && /* slated for free anyway? */
4555 !(sflags & SVf_OOK) && /* and not involved in OOK hack? */
4556 (!(flags & SV_NOSTEAL)) &&
4557 /* and we're allowed to steal temps */
4558 SvREFCNT(sstr) == 1 && /* and no other references to it? */
4559 SvLEN(sstr) && /* and really is a string */
4560 /* and won't be needed again, potentially */
4561 !(PL_op && PL_op->op_type == OP_AASSIGN))
4562 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
4563 && !((sflags & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS
4564 && (SvFLAGS(dstr) & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS
4565 && SvTYPE(sstr) >= SVt_PVIV)
4568 /* Failed the swipe test, and it's not a shared hash key either.
4569 Have to copy the string. */
4570 STRLEN len = SvCUR(sstr);
4571 SvGROW(dstr, len + 1); /* inlined from sv_setpvn */
4572 Move(SvPVX(sstr),SvPVX(dstr),len,char);
4573 SvCUR_set(dstr, len);
4574 *SvEND(dstr) = '\0';
4576 /* If PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE is not defined, then isSwipe will always
4578 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
4579 /* Either it's a shared hash key, or it's suitable for
4580 copy-on-write or we can swipe the string. */
4582 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Copy on write: sstr --> dstr\n");
4587 /* I believe I should acquire a global SV mutex if
4588 it's a COW sv (not a shared hash key) to stop
4589 it going un copy-on-write.
4590 If the source SV has gone un copy on write between up there
4591 and down here, then (assert() that) it is of the correct
4592 form to make it copy on write again */
4593 if ((sflags & (SVf_FAKE | SVf_READONLY))
4594 != (SVf_FAKE | SVf_READONLY)) {
4595 SvREADONLY_on(sstr);
4597 /* Make the source SV into a loop of 1.
4598 (about to become 2) */
4599 SV_COW_NEXT_SV_SET(sstr, sstr);
4603 /* Initial code is common. */
4604 if (SvPVX(dstr)) { /* we know that dtype >= SVt_PV */
4606 SvFLAGS(dstr) &= ~SVf_OOK;
4607 Safefree(SvPVX(dstr) - SvIVX(dstr));
4609 else if (SvLEN(dstr))
4610 Safefree(SvPVX(dstr));
4613 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
4615 /* making another shared SV. */
4616 STRLEN cur = SvCUR(sstr);
4617 STRLEN len = SvLEN(sstr);
4618 assert (SvTYPE(dstr) >= SVt_PVIV);
4620 /* SvIsCOW_normal */
4621 /* splice us in between source and next-after-source. */
4622 SV_COW_NEXT_SV_SET(dstr, SV_COW_NEXT_SV(sstr));
4623 SV_COW_NEXT_SV_SET(sstr, dstr);
4624 SvPV_set(dstr, SvPVX(sstr));
4626 /* SvIsCOW_shared_hash */
4627 UV hash = SvUVX(sstr);
4628 DEBUG_C(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
4629 "Copy on write: Sharing hash\n"));
4631 sharepvn(SvPVX(sstr),
4632 (sflags & SVf_UTF8?-cur:cur), hash));
4633 SvUV_set(dstr, hash);
4635 SvLEN_set(dstr, len);
4636 SvCUR_set(dstr, cur);
4637 SvREADONLY_on(dstr);
4639 /* Relesase a global SV mutex. */
4643 { /* Passes the swipe test. */
4644 SvPV_set(dstr, SvPVX(sstr));
4645 SvLEN_set(dstr, SvLEN(sstr));
4646 SvCUR_set(dstr, SvCUR(sstr));
4649 (void)SvOK_off(sstr); /* NOTE: nukes most SvFLAGS on sstr */
4650 SvPV_set(sstr, Nullch);
4656 if (sflags & SVf_UTF8)
4659 if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
4661 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
4662 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_NOK;
4663 SvNV_set(dstr, SvNVX(sstr));
4665 if (sflags & SVp_IOK) {
4666 (void)SvIOKp_on(dstr);
4667 if (sflags & SVf_IOK)
4668 SvFLAGS(dstr) |= SVf_IOK;
4669 if (sflags & SVf_IVisUV)
4671 SvIV_set(dstr, SvIVX(sstr));
4674 MAGIC *smg = mg_find(sstr,PERL_MAGIC_vstring);
4675 sv_magic(dstr, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_vstring,
4676 smg->mg_ptr, smg->mg_len);
4677 SvRMAGICAL_on(dstr);
4680 else if (sflags & SVp_IOK) {
4681 if (sflags & SVf_IOK)
4682 (void)SvIOK_only(dstr);
4684 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
4685 (void)SvIOKp_on(dstr);
4687 /* XXXX Do we want to set IsUV for IV(ROK)? Be extra safe... */
4688 if (sflags & SVf_IVisUV)
4690 SvIV_set(dstr, SvIVX(sstr));
4691 if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
4692 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
4693 (void)SvNOK_on(dstr);
4695 (void)SvNOKp_on(dstr);
4696 SvNV_set(dstr, SvNVX(sstr));
4699 else if (sflags & SVp_NOK) {
4700 if (sflags & SVf_NOK)
4701 (void)SvNOK_only(dstr);
4703 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
4706 SvNV_set(dstr, SvNVX(sstr));
4709 if (dtype == SVt_PVGV) {
4710 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
4711 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Undefined value assigned to typeglob");
4714 (void)SvOK_off(dstr);
4716 if (SvTAINTED(sstr))
4721 =for apidoc sv_setsv_mg
4723 Like C<sv_setsv>, but also handles 'set' magic.
4729 Perl_sv_setsv_mg(pTHX_ SV *dstr, register SV *sstr)
4731 sv_setsv(dstr,sstr);
4735 #ifdef PERL_COPY_ON_WRITE
4737 Perl_sv_setsv_cow(pTHX_ SV *dstr, SV *sstr)
4739 STRLEN cur = SvCUR(sstr);
4740 STRLEN len = SvLEN(sstr);
4741 register char *new_pv;
4744 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Fast copy on write: %p -> %p\n",
4752 if (SvTHINKFIRST(dstr))
4753 sv_force_normal_flags(dstr, SV_COW_DROP_PV);
4754 else if (SvPVX(dstr))
4755 Safefree(SvPVX(dstr));
4759 (void)SvUPGRADE (dstr, SVt_PVIV);
4761 assert (SvPOK(sstr));
4762 assert (SvPOKp(sstr));
4763 assert (!SvIOK(sstr));
4764 assert (!SvIOKp(sstr));
4765 assert (!SvNOK(sstr));