3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
24 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
25 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
26 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
28 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
29 Perl stores its global variables.
41 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
42 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
45 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
52 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
53 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
57 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
59 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
60 * this is a dirhandle.
62 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
63 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
64 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
67 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
69 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
70 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
73 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
74 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
75 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
76 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
77 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
78 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
94 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
96 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
97 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
101 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv), GvAVn(gv), PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
156 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
157 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
158 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
162 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
175 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
176 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
177 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
180 /* PL_curcop may be null here. E.g.,
181 INIT { bless {} and exit }
182 frees INIT before looking up DESTROY (and creating *DESTROY)
185 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
187 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
188 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
192 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
194 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
195 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
206 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
207 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
213 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
214 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
217 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
219 GV * const oldgv = CvNAMED(cv) ? NULL : SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv;
221 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
228 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
232 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
235 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) {
241 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
242 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
247 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
248 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
251 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
255 /* Convert CvSTASH + CvNAME_HEK into a GV. Conceptually, all subs have a
256 GV, but for efficiency that GV may not in fact exist. This function,
257 called by CvGV, reifies it. */
260 Perl_cvgv_from_hek(pTHX_ CV *cv)
264 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_FROM_HEK;
265 assert(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV);
266 if (!CvSTASH(cv)) return NULL;
267 ASSUME(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
268 svp = hv_fetchhek(CvSTASH(cv), CvNAME_HEK(cv), 0);
269 gv = MUTABLE_GV(svp && *svp ? *svp : newSV(0));
271 gv_init_pvn(gv, CvSTASH(cv), HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
272 HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
273 SVf_UTF8 * !!HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
274 if (!CvNAMED(cv)) { /* gv_init took care of it */
275 assert (SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv == gv);
278 unshare_hek(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
280 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
281 if (svp && *svp) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
286 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
289 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
291 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
296 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
297 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
299 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
303 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
305 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
306 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
307 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
308 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
309 for perl's internal use.
311 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
313 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
315 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
316 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
317 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
318 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
319 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
321 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
322 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
323 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
324 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
328 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
329 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
330 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
332 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
334 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
335 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
337 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
339 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
340 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
346 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
350 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
351 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
354 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
358 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
360 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
361 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
365 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
367 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
368 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
369 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
370 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
372 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
373 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
374 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
375 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
378 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
381 /* The constant has to be a scalar, array or subroutine. */
382 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
387 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
396 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
397 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
399 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
407 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
412 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
415 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
416 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
417 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
418 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
419 if (has_constant && SvTYPE(has_constant) == SVt_PVCV) {
420 /* Not actually a constant. Just a regular sub. */
421 CV * const cv = (CV *)has_constant;
423 if (CvSTASH(cv) == stash && (
424 CvNAME_HEK(cv) == GvNAME_HEK(gv)
425 || ( HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_LEN(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
426 && HEK_FLAGS(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) != HEK_FLAGS(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
427 && HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_UTF8(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
428 && memEQ(HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv))
436 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
437 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
438 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
440 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
441 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
442 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
443 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
444 from a reference to CV. */
445 if (exported_constant)
446 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
447 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
452 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
453 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
454 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
460 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
462 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
474 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
482 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
483 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
490 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
493 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
494 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
496 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
497 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
498 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
500 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
501 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
502 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
503 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
508 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
509 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
510 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
511 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
512 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
513 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp:
514 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
515 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
516 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
517 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
518 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
519 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
520 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
521 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
522 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
523 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
524 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
525 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
526 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
527 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
528 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
529 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
532 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
533 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
539 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
542 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
549 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
554 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
555 oldparser = PL_parser;
556 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
557 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
558 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
560 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
564 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
566 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
570 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
572 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
574 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
575 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
576 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
577 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
578 it this order as we need an op number before calling
580 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
582 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
588 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
589 compiling after a syntax error */
590 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_x(
591 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
596 : newSVpvn(name,len),
601 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
602 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
603 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
604 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
607 PL_parser = oldparser;
608 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
609 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
612 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
614 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
616 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
623 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
625 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
627 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
629 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
630 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
636 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
640 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
641 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
644 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
648 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
650 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
651 instead of a string/length pair.
657 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
659 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
660 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
664 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
666 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
667 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
668 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
670 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
671 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
672 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
673 up caching info for this glob.
675 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
677 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
681 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
682 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
683 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
684 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
689 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
692 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
698 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
699 GV* candidate = NULL;
703 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
706 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
708 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
710 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
712 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
713 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
719 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
721 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
726 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
727 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",name,hvname) );
729 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
731 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
732 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
733 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
734 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
736 else cachestash = stash;
738 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
739 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cachestash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,
745 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
746 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
747 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
748 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
749 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
753 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
754 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
755 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
760 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
761 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
764 else if (stash == cachestash
765 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
766 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
767 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
771 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
772 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
773 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
775 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
777 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
780 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
781 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
783 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
789 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
791 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
792 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
793 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
795 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
801 else candidate = *gvp;
804 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
805 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
806 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
808 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
809 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
810 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
812 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
813 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
814 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
815 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
816 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
817 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
823 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
824 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
825 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags &~GV_SUPER);
827 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
828 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
829 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
830 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
831 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
832 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
833 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
839 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
840 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
841 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
848 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
850 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
853 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
855 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
856 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
862 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
866 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
867 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
870 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
874 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
876 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
877 instead of a string/length pair.
883 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
885 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
886 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
890 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
892 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
893 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
895 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
896 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
897 of the result may be zero.
899 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
905 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
907 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
909 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
916 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
917 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
919 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
922 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
924 /* Have an autoload */
925 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
926 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
927 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
928 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
937 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
939 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
940 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
941 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
944 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
945 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
946 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
947 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
948 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
950 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token
951 as a prefix of the method name. Note
952 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
953 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
954 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
955 created as a side effect to do this.
957 These functions have the same side-effects as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
958 C<level==0>. The warning against passing the GV returned by
959 C<gv_fetchmeth> to C<call_sv> applies equally to these functions.
965 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
967 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
969 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
973 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
977 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
978 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
981 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
985 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
987 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
988 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
991 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
994 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
997 const char *nsplit = NULL;
1000 const char * const origname = name;
1001 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
1002 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
1003 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
1004 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1006 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
1008 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
1011 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
1012 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
1013 the error reporting code. */
1016 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
1017 if (*nend == '\'') {
1021 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
1027 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
1028 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
1029 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1031 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1032 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
1034 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1035 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
1036 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
1037 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
1038 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
1041 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1042 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1047 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1049 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1050 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1052 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1053 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1055 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1056 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1059 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1060 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1061 * require it first instead of croaking */
1062 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1063 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1064 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1065 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1066 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1068 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1069 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1074 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1075 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1076 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1077 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1083 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1084 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1086 packnamesv = error_report;
1090 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1091 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1092 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1093 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1094 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1098 else if (autoload) {
1099 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1100 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1104 if (CvANON(cv) || CvLEXICAL(cv))
1108 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1111 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1112 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1113 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1114 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1124 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1128 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1129 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1132 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1136 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1138 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1139 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1143 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1150 SV *packname = NULL;
1151 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1155 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1158 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1159 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1160 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1161 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1162 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1166 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1167 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1169 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE,
1170 is_utf8 | (flags & GV_SUPER))))
1174 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1178 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1181 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1182 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1184 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1185 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1186 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1188 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1191 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1192 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1193 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1195 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1196 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1197 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1198 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1199 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1202 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1203 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1204 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1205 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1206 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1207 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1208 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1210 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1211 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1213 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1214 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1215 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1217 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1220 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1221 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1222 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1224 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1226 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1227 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1229 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1230 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1234 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1238 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1244 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1245 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1246 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1247 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1249 varstash = CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1250 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1254 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1255 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1256 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1260 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1261 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1262 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1263 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1264 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1265 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1266 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1269 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1277 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1278 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1280 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1281 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1282 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1283 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1284 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1285 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1286 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1287 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1290 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1292 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1294 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1296 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1297 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1298 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1299 so save it. For the moment it's always
1301 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1309 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1310 assert(sp == PL_stack_sp);
1311 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1313 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1314 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1315 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1316 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1317 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1320 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1325 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1327 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1328 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1334 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1336 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1337 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1341 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1343 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1344 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1345 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1346 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1347 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1350 Flags may be one of:
1359 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1361 Note, use of C<gv_stashsv> instead of C<gv_stashpvn> where possible is strongly
1362 recommended for performance reasons.
1368 gv_stashpvn_internal
1370 Perform the internal bits of gv_stashsvpvn_cached. You could think of this
1371 as being one half of the logic. Not to be called except from gv_stashsvpvn_cached().
1375 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1376 S_gv_stashpvn_internal(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1382 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1384 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN_INTERNAL;
1386 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1389 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1390 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1391 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1392 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1393 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1394 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1398 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1399 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1401 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1402 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1404 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1405 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1406 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1407 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1408 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1414 gv_stashsvpvn_cached
1416 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly
1417 cached. Implements both C<gv_stashpvn> and C<gc_stashsv>.
1419 Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
1421 See C<gv_stashpvn> for details on "flags".
1423 Note the sv interface is strongly preferred for performance reasons.
1427 #define PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED \
1428 assert(namesv || name)
1430 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1431 S_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv, const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1436 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED;
1438 he = (HE *)hv_common(
1439 PL_stashcache, namesv, name, namelen,
1440 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
1443 if (he) return INT2PTR(HV*,SvIVX(HeVAL(he)));
1444 else if (flags & GV_CACHE_ONLY) return NULL;
1447 if (SvOK(namesv)) { /* prevent double uninit warning */
1449 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
1451 flags |= SvUTF8(namesv);
1453 name = ""; namelen = 0;
1456 stash = gv_stashpvn_internal(name, namelen, flags);
1458 if (stash && namelen) {
1459 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
1460 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, name,
1461 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)namelen : (I32)namelen, ref, 0);
1468 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1470 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1471 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(NULL, name, namelen, flags);
1475 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1477 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1479 Note this interface is strongly preferred over C<gv_stashpvn> for performance reasons.
1485 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1487 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1488 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(sv, NULL, 0, flags);
1493 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1494 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1495 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1499 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1501 const char * const nambeg =
1502 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1503 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1504 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1507 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1508 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1512 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1516 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1520 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1521 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1523 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1524 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1526 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1527 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1528 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1529 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1531 const char *name_cursor;
1532 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1533 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1535 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1537 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1538 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1542 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1543 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1544 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1545 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1548 *stash = PL_defstash;
1549 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1552 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1553 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1556 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1562 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1563 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1564 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1565 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1568 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -((I32)*len) : (I32)*len, add);
1569 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1570 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1571 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1572 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1578 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1581 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1582 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1583 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1584 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1585 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1586 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1589 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1591 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1592 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1593 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1594 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1597 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1598 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1601 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1603 *name = name_cursor+1;
1604 if (*name == name_end) {
1606 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1611 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1615 /* Checks if an unqualified name is in the main stash */
1616 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1617 S_gv_is_in_main(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, const U32 is_utf8)
1619 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IS_IN_MAIN;
1621 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1622 if ( len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) ) {
1623 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1624 * like INC or STDOUT.
1632 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1633 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1634 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1638 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1643 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1644 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1648 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1649 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1650 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1654 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1655 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1661 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1669 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1670 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1671 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1673 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1674 * which might happen during global destruction.
1676 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1677 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1678 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1679 const svtype sv_type)
1681 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1683 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1685 if ( gv_is_in_main(name, len, is_utf8) ) {
1686 *stash = PL_defstash;
1689 if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1690 *stash = PL_curstash;
1691 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1692 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1693 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1694 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1695 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1696 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1697 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1699 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,0);
1700 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1701 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1705 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1706 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1707 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1709 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1711 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1712 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1713 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1714 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1715 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1718 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1719 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1720 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1727 /* Use the current op's stash */
1728 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1733 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1735 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
1736 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1737 "\" requires explicit package name (did you forget to "
1738 "declare \"my %s%"UTF8f"\"?)",
1739 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1740 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1741 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1742 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name),
1743 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1744 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1745 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1746 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)));
1747 /* To maintain the output of errors after the strict exception
1748 * above, and to keep compat with older releases, rather than
1749 * placing the variables in the pad, we place
1750 * them in the <none>:: stash.
1752 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1754 /* symbol table under destruction */
1763 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1769 /* gv_magicalize() is called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating
1771 * Note that it does not insert the GV into the stash prior to
1772 * magicalization, which some variables require need in order
1773 * to work (like $[, %+, %-, %!), so callers must take care of
1776 * The return value has a specific meaning for gv_fetchpvn_flags:
1777 * If it returns true, and the gv is empty, it indicates that its
1778 * refcount should be decreased.
1780 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1781 S_gv_magicalize(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1782 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1786 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE;
1788 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1789 /* We only have to check for a few names here: a, b, EXPORT, ISA
1790 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1791 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1793 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1796 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1800 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1801 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1804 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1809 if (len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
1818 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1819 /* Avoid null warning: */
1820 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1821 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1822 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1829 /* Nothing else to do.
1830 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1831 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1832 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1833 platforms, we can't just do:
1834 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1835 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1836 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1837 would make them larger than 'V')
1842 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1845 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1846 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1848 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1853 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1857 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1858 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1862 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1865 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1866 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1867 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1868 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1870 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1871 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1872 use didn't clean up fully because
1873 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1874 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1875 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1876 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1877 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1878 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1879 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1880 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1884 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1885 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1886 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1888 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1893 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1896 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1897 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1900 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1901 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1904 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1905 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1908 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1909 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1912 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1913 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1914 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1918 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1919 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1922 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1923 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1924 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1927 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1928 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1932 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1933 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1936 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1937 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1939 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1941 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1944 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1945 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1958 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1960 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1961 const char *end = name + len;
1962 while (--end > name) {
1966 paren = grok_atou(name, NULL);
1972 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1973 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1976 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
1979 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
1982 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
1984 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
1986 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1987 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1988 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1989 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1991 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
1995 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
1996 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2009 paren = *name - '0';
2012 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
2013 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
2014 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
2018 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
2022 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
2023 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
2029 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
2031 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2033 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
2034 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2036 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2043 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
2045 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
2046 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
2048 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
2049 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2051 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2054 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2056 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2064 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2065 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2066 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
2067 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2069 case '\010': /* $^H */
2071 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
2072 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
2076 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2077 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
2078 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2081 else goto magicalize;
2083 case '\023': /* $^S */
2085 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2101 case '\001': /* $^A */
2102 case '\003': /* $^C */
2103 case '\004': /* $^D */
2104 case '\005': /* $^E */
2105 case '\006': /* $^F */
2106 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2107 case '\016': /* $^N */
2108 case '\017': /* $^O */
2109 case '\020': /* $^P */
2110 case '\024': /* $^T */
2111 case '\027': /* $^W */
2113 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2116 case '\014': /* $^L */
2117 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
2120 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2124 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2125 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2126 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2127 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2128 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2132 case '\026': /* $^V */
2134 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2135 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2136 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2142 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2150 /* This function is called when the stash already holds the GV of the magic
2151 * variable we're looking for, but we need to check that it has the correct
2152 * kind of magic. For example, if someone first uses $! and then %!, the
2153 * latter would end up here, and we add the Errno tie to the HASH slot of
2156 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
2157 S_maybe_multimagic_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, const svtype sv_type)
2159 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBE_MULTIMAGIC_GV;
2161 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2163 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2164 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2165 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2166 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2167 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2168 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2169 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2171 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2174 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2177 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2179 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2181 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2185 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2189 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2198 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2199 const svtype sv_type)
2201 const char *name = nambeg;
2206 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2207 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2208 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2209 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2210 bool addmg = cBOOL(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2211 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2214 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2216 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2217 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2218 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2219 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2221 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2224 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2225 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2231 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2235 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2236 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,add);
2237 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2238 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2241 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2242 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2245 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2246 /* The GV already exists, so return it, but check if we need to do
2247 * anything else with it before that.
2250 /* This is the heuristic that handles if a variable triggers the
2251 * 'used only once' warning. If there's already a GV in the stash
2252 * with this name, then we assume that the variable has been used
2253 * before and turn its MULTI flag on.
2254 * It's a heuristic because it can easily be "tricked", like with
2255 * BEGIN { $a = 1; $::{foo} = *a }; () = $foo
2256 * not warning about $main::foo being used just once
2259 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2260 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2261 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2262 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2263 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2264 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2265 maybe_multimagic_gv(gv, name, sv_type);
2267 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2268 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2269 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2270 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2273 } else if (no_init) {
2277 /* If GV_NOEXPAND is true and what we got off the stash is a ref,
2278 * don't expand it to a glob. This is an optimization so that things
2279 * copying constants over, like Exporter, don't have to be rewritten
2280 * to take into account that you can store more than just globs in
2283 else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2288 /* Adding a new symbol.
2289 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2290 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2292 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2293 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2295 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2297 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2298 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2299 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2300 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2301 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2303 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2306 /* First, store the gv in the symtab if we're adding magic,
2307 * but only for non-empty GVs
2309 #define GvEMPTY(gv) !(GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) \
2310 || GvCV(gv) || (GvSV(gv) && SvOK(GvSV(gv))))
2312 if ( addmg && !GvEMPTY(gv) ) {
2313 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2316 /* set up magic where warranted */
2317 if ( gv_magicalize(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type) ) {
2320 if ( GvSV(gv) && SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)) ) {
2321 /* The GV was and still is "empty", except that now
2322 * it has the magic flags turned on, so we want it
2323 * stored in the symtab.
2325 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2328 /* Most likely the temporary GV created above */
2329 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv);
2335 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2340 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2343 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2345 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2347 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2349 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2350 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2351 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2352 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2356 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2357 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2361 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2363 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2365 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2367 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2371 /* recursively scan a stash and any nested stashes looking for entries
2372 * that need the "only used once" warning raised
2376 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2380 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2382 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2385 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2387 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2389 /* mark stash is being scanned, to avoid recursing */
2390 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2391 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2394 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2395 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2397 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash
2399 && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH))
2401 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2403 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2404 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2406 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2407 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2410 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2412 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2414 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2415 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2417 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2418 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2419 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2420 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2421 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2424 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2429 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2431 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2432 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2434 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2435 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2440 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2443 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2450 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2451 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2452 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2453 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2462 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2467 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2469 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2470 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2471 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2472 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2475 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) {
2477 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2485 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2487 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2488 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2489 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2490 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2491 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2492 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2493 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2495 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2504 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2508 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2509 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2510 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2511 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2512 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n", HEKfARG(hvname_hek)));
2513 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2514 (void)hv_deletehek(PL_stashcache, hvname_hek, G_DISCARD);
2521 /* Possibly reallocated by a destructor */
2524 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2530 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2532 if (--attempts == 0) {
2534 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2535 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2540 /* Possibly incremented by a destructor doing glob assignment */
2541 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) goto borrowed;
2547 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2549 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2550 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2552 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2554 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2556 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2557 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2559 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2560 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2567 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2569 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2570 * 0 if there is no overload
2571 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2575 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2577 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2579 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2582 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2584 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2586 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2587 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2588 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2590 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2593 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2596 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2597 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2603 bool deref_seen = 0;
2606 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2608 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2609 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2610 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2615 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2618 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2620 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2623 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2624 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2625 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2626 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2627 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2628 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2635 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2636 /* initially assume the worst */
2637 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2639 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2640 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2641 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2642 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2643 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2645 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2646 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2647 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2648 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2649 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2650 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2651 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2652 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2653 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2654 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2656 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv)) && CvHASGV(cv)) {
2657 const HEK * const gvhek =
2658 CvNAMED(cv) ? CvNAME_HEK(cv) : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV(cv));
2659 const HEK * const stashek =
2660 HvNAME_HEK(CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2661 if (HEK_LEN(gvhek) == 3 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(gvhek), "nil")
2662 && stashek && HEK_LEN(stashek) == 8
2663 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(stashek), "overload")) {
2664 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2665 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2666 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2668 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2670 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2671 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2672 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2673 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2674 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2676 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2681 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2683 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2684 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2685 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2686 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2687 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2688 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2696 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2698 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2699 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2700 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2702 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2703 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2706 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2722 /* none of @{} etc overloaded; we can do $obj->[N] quicker.
2723 * NB - aux var invalid here, HvARRAY() could have been
2724 * reallocated since it was assigned to */
2725 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2728 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2729 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2730 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2734 /* Here we have no table: */
2736 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2737 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2738 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2744 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2749 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2751 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2754 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2755 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2757 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2760 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2762 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2765 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2766 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2768 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2769 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2770 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2771 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2772 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2773 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2774 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2775 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2787 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2788 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2790 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2792 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2796 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2799 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2803 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2804 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2805 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2810 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2811 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2821 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2827 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2828 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2831 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2833 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2834 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2838 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2840 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2841 SV* const right = TOPs;
2847 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2848 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2849 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2851 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2858 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2859 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2869 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2870 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2872 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2875 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2876 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2878 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2881 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2883 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2885 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2891 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2895 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2899 /* return quickly if none of the deref ops are overloaded */
2900 stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(ref));
2901 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2902 if (HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_NO_DEREF)
2905 while ((tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2906 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2908 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2909 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2910 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2917 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2921 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2923 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2925 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2927 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2928 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2930 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2931 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2932 * masked by overloading.pm */
2934 const int offset = method / 8;
2935 const int bit = method % 8;
2936 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2938 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2939 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2946 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2951 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2952 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2953 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2954 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2955 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2956 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2957 int use_default_op = 0;
2958 int force_scalar = 0;
2964 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2966 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2967 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2970 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2971 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2972 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2973 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2974 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2976 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2977 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2983 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
2984 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
2986 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
2989 /* look for substituted methods */
2990 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
2994 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
2995 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
2996 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3001 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
3002 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
3003 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3007 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3010 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3013 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3016 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
3017 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
3018 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3025 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
3028 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
3029 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
3031 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
3032 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
3034 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
3035 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
3036 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
3037 delegate to the stash. */
3038 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
3044 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
3045 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
3046 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3048 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3049 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
3050 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
3052 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3053 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
3054 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
3057 if (off==subtr_amg) {
3068 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
3070 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3075 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3076 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3079 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3087 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3092 if (!cv) goto not_found;
3093 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
3094 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3095 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3096 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3097 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3099 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
3102 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
3103 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
3104 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
3105 /* We look for substitution for
3106 * comparison operations and
3108 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
3109 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
3110 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
3132 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3136 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3146 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
3154 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3156 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
3157 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
3158 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
3159 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
3160 } else if ((use_default_op =
3161 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
3162 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
3164 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
3168 if (off==-1) off=method;
3169 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
3170 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
3171 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3172 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
3174 "in overloaded package ":
3175 "has no overloaded magic",
3177 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
3180 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
3183 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
3185 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
3186 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
3187 if (use_default_op) {
3188 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
3190 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
3194 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
3199 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
3200 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
3201 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
3202 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
3208 if (off == subtr_amg)
3211 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
3212 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
3213 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
3214 * assigned to the proper variable later */
3231 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
3235 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
3236 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
3237 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3245 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3246 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3247 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3257 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3258 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3260 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3262 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3263 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3264 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3265 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3266 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3267 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3268 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3269 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3272 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3273 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3274 * version of copy operator
3276 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3277 * a) Assignment form was called.
3278 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3279 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3280 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3281 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3282 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3284 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3285 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3287 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3288 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3291 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3292 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3294 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3295 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3298 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3299 * information by hand */
3300 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3302 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3303 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3305 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3313 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3315 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3318 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3319 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3320 myop.op_next = NULL;
3321 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3325 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3328 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3329 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3334 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3338 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3341 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3342 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3343 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3344 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3346 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3347 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3348 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3349 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3351 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3352 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3354 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3358 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3362 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3366 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3367 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3370 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3373 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3374 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3375 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3377 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3389 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3396 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3399 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3402 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3405 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3408 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3411 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3414 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3416 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3421 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3423 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3425 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3433 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3438 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3441 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3443 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3444 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3447 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3448 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3452 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3454 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3455 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3456 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3457 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3458 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3459 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3460 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3462 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3464 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3465 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3466 more compactly represents the same thing.
3472 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3478 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3480 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3482 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3484 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3485 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3486 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3487 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3488 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3489 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3491 if (gv == PL_statgv || gv == PL_last_in_gv || gv == PL_stderrgv)
3493 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3495 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3496 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3498 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3499 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3505 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3506 (void)hv_deletehek(stash, gvnhek, G_DISCARD);
3507 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv && SvREFCNT(cv) == 1 &&
3508 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3509 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && !CvNAMED(cv) && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3510 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3511 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3512 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3513 (gvp = hv_fetchhek(stash, namehek, 0)) &&
3515 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3516 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3520 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3521 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3522 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3523 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3528 Perl_gv_override(pTHX_ const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
3530 GV *gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3532 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_OVERRIDE;
3533 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) return gv;
3534 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, name, len, FALSE);
3535 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3536 if (gv && !isGV(gv)) {
3537 if (!SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv)) return NULL;
3538 gv_init(gv, PL_globalstash, name, len, 0);
3541 return gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv) ? gv : NULL;
3547 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3550 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3556 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3558 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3561 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: