3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
24 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
25 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
26 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
28 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
29 Perl stores its global variables.
41 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
42 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
45 Perl_gv_add_by_type_p(pTHX_ GV *gv, gv_add_type type)
49 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_ADD_BY_TYPE_P;
51 if ( SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
52 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
57 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
58 * this is a dirhandle.
60 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
61 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
62 } else if (type == GPe_HV) {
65 what = type == GPe_AV ? "array" : "scalar";
67 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
68 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
71 where = (SV **)((Size_t)GvGP(gv)+ (Size_t)type);
75 /* this is table of GP members to their SV types, SVt_LAST triggers a panic */
76 static const U8 addtype_to_svtype
78 /*gp_sv , gp_io , gp_cv , cvgn/cnt, gp_hv , gp_av */
79 [6] = {SVt_NULL, SVt_PVIO, SVt_LAST, SVt_LAST, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVAV};
81 /*gp_sv , gp_io , gp_cv , gp_cvgen, gp_rfcnt, gp_hv , gp_av */
82 [7] = {SVt_NULL, SVt_PVIO, SVt_LAST, SVt_LAST, SVt_LAST, SVt_PVHV, SVt_PVAV};
84 # error unknown pointer size
86 svtype svtypevar = (svtype)addtype_to_svtype[PTRPTR2IDX(type)];
88 assert(PTRPTR2IDX(type) < sizeof(addtype_to_svtype));
89 sv = *where = newSV_type(svtypevar);
90 if (type == GPe_AV && memEQs(GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv), "ISA"))
91 sv_magic(sv, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
97 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
99 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
100 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
104 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
109 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
112 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
113 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
118 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
121 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
122 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
125 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
126 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
128 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
129 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
130 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
132 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
135 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
136 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv), GvAVn(gv), PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
137 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
143 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
145 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
146 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
147 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
154 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
156 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
159 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
160 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
161 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
165 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
176 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
178 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
179 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
180 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
183 /* PL_curcop may be null here. E.g.,
184 INIT { bless {} and exit }
185 frees INIT before looking up DESTROY (and creating *DESTROY)
188 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
190 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
191 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
195 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
197 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
198 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
209 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
210 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
216 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
217 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
220 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
222 GV * const oldgv = CvNAMED(cv) ? NULL : SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv;
224 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
231 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
235 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
238 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) {
244 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
245 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
250 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
251 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
254 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
258 /* Convert CvSTASH + CvNAME_HEK into a GV. Conceptually, all subs have a
259 GV, but for efficiency that GV may not in fact exist. This function,
260 called by CvGV, reifies it. */
263 Perl_cvgv_from_hek(pTHX_ CV *cv)
267 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_FROM_HEK;
268 assert(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV);
269 if (!CvSTASH(cv)) return NULL;
270 ASSUME(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
271 svp = hv_fetchhek(CvSTASH(cv), CvNAME_HEK(cv), 0);
272 gv = MUTABLE_GV(svp && *svp ? *svp : newSV(0));
274 gv_init_pvn(gv, CvSTASH(cv), HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
275 HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
276 SVf_UTF8 * !!HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
277 if (!CvNAMED(cv)) { /* gv_init took care of it */
278 assert (SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv == gv);
281 unshare_hek(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
283 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
284 if (svp && *svp) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
289 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
292 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
294 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
295 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
299 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
300 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
302 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
306 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
308 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
309 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
310 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
311 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
312 for perl's internal use.
314 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
316 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
318 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
319 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
320 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
321 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
322 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
324 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
325 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
326 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
327 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
331 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
332 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
333 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
335 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
337 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
338 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
340 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
342 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
343 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
349 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
353 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
354 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
357 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
361 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
363 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
364 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
368 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
370 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
371 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
372 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
373 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
375 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
376 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
377 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
378 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
380 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
381 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
384 /* The constant has to be a scalar, array or subroutine. */
385 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
389 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
390 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
399 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
400 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
402 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
410 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
415 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
418 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
419 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
420 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
421 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
422 if (has_constant && SvTYPE(has_constant) == SVt_PVCV) {
423 /* Not actually a constant. Just a regular sub. */
424 CV * const cv = (CV *)has_constant;
426 if (CvSTASH(cv) == stash && (
427 CvNAME_HEK(cv) == GvNAME_HEK(gv)
428 || ( HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_LEN(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
429 && HEK_FLAGS(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) != HEK_FLAGS(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
430 && HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_UTF8(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
431 && memEQ(HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv))
439 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
440 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
441 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
443 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
444 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
445 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
446 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
447 from a reference to CV. */
448 if (exported_constant)
449 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
450 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
455 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
456 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
457 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
463 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
466 #define SGVINIT_SKIP 0xFF
467 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
468 # define SGVINIT_SV GPe_SV
470 # define SGVINIT_SV SGVINIT_SKIP
472 static const U8 svtype2add [] = {
481 /*SVt_INVLIST, 4 implemented as a PV */
505 /*SVt_LAST keep last in enum. used to size arrays */
506 /* invalid, this is slot 0x10, dont define it so this array is
507 a nice 16 bytes long */
509 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
510 addtype = svtype2add[sv_type];
511 if(addtype != SGVINIT_SKIP) {
512 SV ** where = (SV **)((Size_t)GvGP(gv)+ addtype);
514 gv_add_by_type_p(gv, (gv_add_type)addtype);
521 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
524 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
525 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
527 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
528 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
529 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
531 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
532 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
533 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
534 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
539 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
540 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
541 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
542 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
543 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
544 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp:
545 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
546 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
547 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
548 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
549 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
550 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
551 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
552 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
553 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
554 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
555 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
556 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
557 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
558 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
559 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
560 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
563 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
564 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
570 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
573 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
580 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
585 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
586 oldparser = PL_parser;
587 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
588 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
589 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
591 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
595 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
597 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
601 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
604 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
606 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
607 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
608 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
609 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
610 it this order as we need an op number before calling
612 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
614 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
620 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
621 compiling after a syntax error */
622 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_x(
623 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
628 : newSVpvn(name,len),
633 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
634 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
635 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
636 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
639 PL_parser = oldparser;
640 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
641 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
644 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
646 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
648 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
655 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
657 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
659 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
661 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
662 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
668 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
672 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
673 if (LIKELY(SvPOK_nog(namesv))) /* common case */
674 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, namesv, NULL, 0, level, flags);
675 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
676 if (SvUTF8(namesv)) flags |= SVf_UTF8;
677 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
681 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
683 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
684 instead of a string/length pair.
690 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
692 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
693 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, NULL, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
697 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
699 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
700 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
701 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
703 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
704 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
705 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
706 up caching info for this glob.
708 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
710 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
714 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
715 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
716 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
717 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
722 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
724 PERL_STATIC_INLINE GV*
725 S_gv_fetchmeth_internal(pTHX_ HV* stash, SV* meth, const char* name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
732 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
733 GV* candidate = NULL;
737 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? HV_FETCH_LVALUE : 0;
740 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
742 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
744 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
745 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
751 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
753 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
756 assert(name || meth);
758 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
759 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",
760 name ? name : SvPV_nolen(meth), hvname) );
762 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
764 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
765 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
766 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
767 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
769 else cachestash = stash;
771 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
773 cachestash, meth, name, len, (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, create, NULL, 0
775 if (he) gvp = (GV**)&HeVAL(he);
782 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
785 name = SvPV_nomg(meth, len);
786 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
788 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
789 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
790 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
794 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
795 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
796 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
801 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
802 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
805 else if (stash == cachestash
806 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
807 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
808 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
812 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
813 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
814 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
816 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
818 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
821 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
822 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
824 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
830 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
832 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
833 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
834 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
836 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
842 else candidate = *gvp;
845 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
846 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
847 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
849 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
850 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
851 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
853 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
854 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
855 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
856 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
857 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
858 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
864 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
865 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
866 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_internal(NULL, meth, name, len, 1,
869 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
870 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
871 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
872 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
873 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
874 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
875 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
881 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
882 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
883 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
890 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
892 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
893 return gv_fetchmeth_internal(stash, NULL, name, len, level, flags);
897 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
899 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
902 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
904 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
905 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
911 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
915 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
916 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
919 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
923 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
925 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
926 instead of a string/length pair.
932 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
934 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
935 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
939 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
941 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
942 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
944 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
945 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
946 of the result may be zero.
948 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
954 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
956 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
958 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
965 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
966 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
968 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
971 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
973 /* Have an autoload */
974 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
975 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
976 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
977 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
986 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
988 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
989 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
990 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
993 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
994 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
995 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
996 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
997 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
999 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token
1000 as a prefix of the method name. Note
1001 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
1002 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
1003 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
1004 created as a side effect to do this.
1006 These functions have the same side-effects as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
1007 C<level==0>. The warning against passing the GV returned by
1008 C<gv_fetchmeth> to C<call_sv> applies equally to these functions.
1014 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
1016 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
1018 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
1022 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
1026 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
1027 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1030 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1034 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
1036 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
1037 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
1040 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
1043 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1046 const char *nsplit = NULL;
1049 const char * const origname = name;
1050 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
1051 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
1052 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
1053 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1055 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
1057 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
1060 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
1061 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
1062 the error reporting code. */
1065 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
1066 if (*nend == '\'') {
1070 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
1076 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
1077 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
1078 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1080 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1081 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
1083 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1084 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
1085 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
1086 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
1087 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
1090 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1091 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1096 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1098 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1099 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1101 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1102 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1104 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1105 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1108 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1109 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1110 * require it first instead of croaking */
1111 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1112 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1113 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1114 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1115 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1117 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1118 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1123 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1124 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1125 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1126 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1132 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1133 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1135 packnamesv = error_report;
1139 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1140 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1141 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1142 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1143 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1147 else if (autoload) {
1148 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1149 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1153 if (CvANON(cv) || CvLEXICAL(cv))
1157 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1160 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1161 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1162 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1163 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1173 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1177 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1178 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1181 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1185 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1187 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1188 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1192 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1199 SV *packname = NULL;
1200 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1202 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1204 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1207 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1208 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1209 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1210 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1211 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1215 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1216 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1218 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE,
1219 is_utf8 | (flags & GV_SUPER))))
1223 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1227 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1230 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1231 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1233 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1234 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1235 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1237 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1240 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1241 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1242 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1244 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1245 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1246 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1247 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1248 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1251 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1252 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1253 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1254 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1255 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1256 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1257 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1259 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1260 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1262 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1263 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1264 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1266 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1269 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1270 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1271 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1273 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1275 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1276 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1278 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1279 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1283 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1287 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1293 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1294 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1295 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1296 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1298 varstash = CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1299 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1303 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1304 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1305 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1309 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1310 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1311 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1312 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1313 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1314 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1315 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1318 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1326 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1327 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1329 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1330 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1331 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1332 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1333 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1334 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1335 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1336 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1339 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1341 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1343 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1345 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1346 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1347 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1348 so save it. For the moment it's always
1350 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1358 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1359 assert(sp == PL_stack_sp);
1360 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1362 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1363 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1364 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1365 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1366 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1369 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1374 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1376 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1377 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1383 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1385 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1386 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1390 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1392 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1393 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1394 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1395 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1396 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1399 Flags may be one of:
1408 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1410 Note, use of C<gv_stashsv> instead of C<gv_stashpvn> where possible is strongly
1411 recommended for performance reasons.
1417 gv_stashpvn_internal
1419 Perform the internal bits of gv_stashsvpvn_cached. You could think of this
1420 as being one half of the logic. Not to be called except from gv_stashsvpvn_cached().
1424 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1425 S_gv_stashpvn_internal(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1431 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1433 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN_INTERNAL;
1435 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1438 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1439 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1440 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1441 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1442 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1443 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1447 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1448 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1450 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1451 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1453 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1454 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1455 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1456 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1457 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1463 gv_stashsvpvn_cached
1465 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly
1466 cached. Implements both C<gv_stashpvn> and C<gc_stashsv>.
1468 Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
1470 See C<gv_stashpvn> for details on "flags".
1472 Note the sv interface is strongly preferred for performance reasons.
1476 #define PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED \
1477 assert(namesv || name)
1479 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1480 S_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv, const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1485 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED;
1487 he = (HE *)hv_common(
1488 PL_stashcache, namesv, name, namelen,
1489 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
1492 if (he) return INT2PTR(HV*,SvIVX(HeVAL(he)));
1493 else if (flags & GV_CACHE_ONLY) return NULL;
1496 if (SvOK(namesv)) { /* prevent double uninit warning */
1498 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
1500 flags |= SvUTF8(namesv);
1502 name = ""; namelen = 0;
1505 stash = gv_stashpvn_internal(name, namelen, flags);
1507 if (stash && namelen) {
1508 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
1509 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, name,
1510 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)namelen : (I32)namelen, ref, 0);
1517 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1519 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1520 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(NULL, name, namelen, flags);
1524 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1526 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1528 Note this interface is strongly preferred over C<gv_stashpvn> for performance reasons.
1534 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1536 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1537 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(sv, NULL, 0, flags);
1542 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1543 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1544 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1548 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1550 const char * const nambeg =
1551 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1552 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1553 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1556 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1557 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1561 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1565 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1569 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1570 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1572 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1573 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1575 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1576 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1577 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1578 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1580 const char *name_cursor;
1581 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1582 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1584 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1586 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1587 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1591 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1592 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1593 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1594 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1597 *stash = PL_defstash;
1598 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1601 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1602 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1605 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1611 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1612 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1613 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1614 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1617 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -((I32)*len) : (I32)*len, add);
1618 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1619 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1620 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1621 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1627 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1630 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1631 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1632 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1633 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1634 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1635 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1638 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1640 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1641 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1642 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1643 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1646 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1647 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1650 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1652 *name = name_cursor+1;
1653 if (*name == name_end) {
1655 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1660 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1664 /* Checks if an unqualified name is in the main stash */
1665 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1666 S_gv_is_in_main(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, const U32 is_utf8)
1668 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IS_IN_MAIN;
1670 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1671 if ( len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) ) {
1672 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1673 * like INC or STDOUT.
1681 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1682 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1683 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1687 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1692 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1693 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1697 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1698 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1699 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1703 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1704 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1710 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1718 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1719 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1720 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1722 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1723 * which might happen during global destruction.
1725 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1726 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1727 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1728 const svtype sv_type)
1730 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1732 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1734 if ( gv_is_in_main(name, len, is_utf8) ) {
1735 *stash = PL_defstash;
1738 if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1739 *stash = PL_curstash;
1740 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1741 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1742 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1743 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1744 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1745 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1746 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1748 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,0);
1749 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1750 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1754 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1755 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1756 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1758 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1760 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1761 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1762 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1763 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1764 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1767 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1768 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1769 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1776 /* Use the current op's stash */
1777 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1782 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1784 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
1785 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1786 "\" requires explicit package name (did you forget to "
1787 "declare \"my %s%"UTF8f"\"?)",
1788 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1789 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1790 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1791 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name),
1792 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1793 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1794 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1795 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)));
1796 /* To maintain the output of errors after the strict exception
1797 * above, and to keep compat with older releases, rather than
1798 * placing the variables in the pad, we place
1799 * them in the <none>:: stash.
1801 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1803 /* symbol table under destruction */
1812 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1818 /* gv_magicalize only turns on the SVf_READONLY flag, not SVf_PROTECT. So
1819 redefine SvREADONLY_on for that purpose. We don’t use it later on in
1821 #undef SvREADONLY_on
1822 #define SvREADONLY_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_READONLY)
1824 /* gv_magicalize() is called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating
1826 * Note that it does not insert the GV into the stash prior to
1827 * magicalization, which some variables require need in order
1828 * to work (like $[, %+, %-, %!), so callers must take care of
1831 * The return value has a specific meaning for gv_fetchpvn_flags:
1832 * If it returns true, and the gv is empty, it indicates that its
1833 * refcount should be decreased.
1835 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1836 S_gv_magicalize(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1837 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1841 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE;
1843 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1844 /* We only have to check for a few names here: a, b, EXPORT, ISA
1845 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1846 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1848 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1851 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1855 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1856 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1859 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1864 if (len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
1873 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1874 /* Avoid null warning: */
1875 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1876 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1877 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1884 /* Nothing else to do.
1885 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1886 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1887 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1888 platforms, we can't just do:
1889 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1890 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1891 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1892 would make them larger than 'V')
1897 const char * name2 = name + 1;
1900 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1901 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1903 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1908 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1912 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1913 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1917 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1920 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1921 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1922 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1923 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1925 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1926 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1927 use didn't clean up fully because
1928 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1929 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1930 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1931 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1932 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1933 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1934 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1935 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1939 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1940 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1941 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1943 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1948 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1951 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1952 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1955 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1956 if (*name2 == '_') {
1959 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1962 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1963 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1966 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1967 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1970 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1971 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1972 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1976 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1977 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1980 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1981 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1982 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1985 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1986 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1990 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1991 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1994 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1995 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1997 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1999 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
2002 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
2003 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
2016 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
2018 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
2019 const char *end = name + len;
2020 while (--end > name) {
2024 paren = grok_atou(name, NULL);
2030 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
2031 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
2034 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
2037 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
2040 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
2042 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2044 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
2045 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
2046 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
2047 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
2049 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
2053 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
2054 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2067 paren = *name - '0';
2070 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
2071 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
2072 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
2076 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
2080 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
2081 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
2087 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
2089 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2091 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
2092 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2094 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2101 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
2103 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
2104 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
2106 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
2107 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2109 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2112 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2114 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2122 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2123 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2124 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
2125 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2127 case '\010': /* $^H */
2129 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
2130 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
2134 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2135 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
2136 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2139 else goto magicalize;
2141 case '\023': /* $^S */
2143 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2159 case '\001': /* $^A */
2160 case '\003': /* $^C */
2161 case '\004': /* $^D */
2162 case '\005': /* $^E */
2163 case '\006': /* $^F */
2164 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2165 case '\016': /* $^N */
2166 case '\017': /* $^O */
2167 case '\020': /* $^P */
2168 case '\024': /* $^T */
2169 case '\027': /* $^W */
2171 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2174 case '\014': /* $^L */
2175 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
2178 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2182 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2183 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2184 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2185 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2186 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2190 case '\026': /* $^V */
2192 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2193 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2194 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2200 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2208 /* If we do ever start using this later on in the file, we need to make
2209 sure we don’t accidentally use the wrong definition. */
2210 #undef SvREADONLY_on
2212 /* This function is called when the stash already holds the GV of the magic
2213 * variable we're looking for, but we need to check that it has the correct
2214 * kind of magic. For example, if someone first uses $! and then %!, the
2215 * latter would end up here, and we add the Errno tie to the HASH slot of
2218 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
2219 S_maybe_multimagic_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, const svtype sv_type)
2221 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBE_MULTIMAGIC_GV;
2223 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2225 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2226 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2227 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2228 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2229 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2230 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2231 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2233 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2236 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2239 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2241 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2243 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2247 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2251 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2260 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2261 const svtype sv_type)
2263 const char *name = nambeg;
2268 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2269 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2270 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2271 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2272 bool addmg = cBOOL(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2273 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2276 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2278 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2279 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2280 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2281 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2283 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2286 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2287 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2293 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2297 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2298 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,add);
2299 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2300 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2303 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2304 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2307 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2308 /* The GV already exists, so return it, but check if we need to do
2309 * anything else with it before that.
2312 /* This is the heuristic that handles if a variable triggers the
2313 * 'used only once' warning. If there's already a GV in the stash
2314 * with this name, then we assume that the variable has been used
2315 * before and turn its MULTI flag on.
2316 * It's a heuristic because it can easily be "tricked", like with
2317 * BEGIN { $a = 1; $::{foo} = *a }; () = $foo
2318 * not warning about $main::foo being used just once
2321 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2322 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2323 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2324 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2325 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2326 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2327 maybe_multimagic_gv(gv, name, sv_type);
2329 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2330 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2331 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2332 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2335 } else if (no_init) {
2339 /* If GV_NOEXPAND is true and what we got off the stash is a ref,
2340 * don't expand it to a glob. This is an optimization so that things
2341 * copying constants over, like Exporter, don't have to be rewritten
2342 * to take into account that you can store more than just globs in
2345 else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2350 /* Adding a new symbol.
2351 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2352 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2354 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2355 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2357 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2359 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2360 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2361 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2362 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2363 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2365 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2368 /* First, store the gv in the symtab if we're adding magic,
2369 * but only for non-empty GVs
2371 #define GvEMPTY(gv) !(GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) \
2372 || GvCV(gv) || (GvSV(gv) && SvOK(GvSV(gv))))
2374 if ( addmg && !GvEMPTY(gv) ) {
2375 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2378 /* set up magic where warranted */
2379 if ( gv_magicalize(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type) ) {
2382 if ( GvSV(gv) && SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)) ) {
2383 /* The GV was and still is "empty", except that now
2384 * it has the magic flags turned on, so we want it
2385 * stored in the symtab.
2387 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2390 /* Most likely the temporary GV created above */
2391 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv);
2397 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2402 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2405 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2407 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2409 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2411 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2412 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2413 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2414 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2418 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2419 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2423 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2425 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2427 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2429 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2433 /* recursively scan a stash and any nested stashes looking for entries
2434 * that need the "only used once" warning raised
2438 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2442 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2444 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2447 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2449 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2451 /* mark stash is being scanned, to avoid recursing */
2452 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2453 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2456 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2457 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2459 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash
2461 && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH))
2463 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2465 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2466 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2468 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2469 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2472 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2474 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2476 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2477 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2479 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2480 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2481 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2482 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2483 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2486 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2491 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2493 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2494 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2496 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2497 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2502 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2505 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2512 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2513 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2514 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2515 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2524 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2529 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2531 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2532 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2533 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2534 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2537 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) {
2539 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2547 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2549 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2550 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2551 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2552 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2553 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2554 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2555 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2557 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2566 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2570 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2571 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2572 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2573 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2574 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n", HEKfARG(hvname_hek)));
2575 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2576 (void)hv_deletehek(PL_stashcache, hvname_hek, G_DISCARD);
2579 if (io && SvREFCNT(io) == 1 && IoIFP(io)
2580 && (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY ||
2581 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_RDWR ||
2582 IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_APPEND)
2583 && ckWARN_d(WARN_IO)
2584 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdin()
2585 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stdout()
2586 && IoIFP(io) != PerlIO_stderr()
2587 && !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))
2588 io_close(io, gv, FALSE, TRUE);
2593 /* Possibly reallocated by a destructor */
2596 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2602 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2604 if (--attempts == 0) {
2606 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2607 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2612 /* Possibly incremented by a destructor doing glob assignment */
2613 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) goto borrowed;
2619 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2621 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2622 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2624 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2626 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2628 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2629 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2631 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2632 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2639 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2641 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2642 * 0 if there is no overload
2643 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2647 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2649 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2651 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2654 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2656 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2658 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2659 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2660 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2662 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2665 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2668 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2669 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2675 bool deref_seen = 0;
2678 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2680 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2681 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2682 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2687 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2690 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2692 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2695 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2696 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2697 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2698 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2699 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2700 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2707 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2708 /* initially assume the worst */
2709 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2711 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2712 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2713 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2714 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2715 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2717 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2718 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2719 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2720 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2721 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2722 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2723 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2724 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2725 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2726 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2728 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv)) && CvHASGV(cv)) {
2729 const HEK * const gvhek =
2730 CvNAMED(cv) ? CvNAME_HEK(cv) : GvNAME_HEK(CvGV(cv));
2731 const HEK * const stashek =
2732 HvNAME_HEK(CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2733 if (HEK_LEN(gvhek) == 3 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(gvhek), "nil")
2734 && stashek && HEK_LEN(stashek) == 8
2735 && strEQ(HEK_KEY(stashek), "overload")) {
2736 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2737 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2738 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2740 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2742 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2743 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2744 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2745 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2746 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2748 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2753 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2755 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2756 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2757 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2758 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2759 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2760 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2768 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2770 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2771 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2772 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2774 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2775 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2778 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2794 /* none of @{} etc overloaded; we can do $obj->[N] quicker.
2795 * NB - aux var invalid here, HvARRAY() could have been
2796 * reallocated since it was assigned to */
2797 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2800 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2801 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2802 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2806 /* Here we have no table: */
2808 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2809 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2810 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2816 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2821 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2823 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2826 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2827 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2829 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2832 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2834 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2837 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2838 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2840 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2841 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2842 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2843 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2844 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2845 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2846 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2847 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2859 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2860 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2862 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2864 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2868 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2871 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2875 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2876 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2877 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2882 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2883 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2893 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2899 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2900 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2903 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2905 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2906 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2910 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2912 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2913 SV* const right = TOPs;
2919 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2920 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2921 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2923 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2930 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2931 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2941 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2942 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2944 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2947 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2948 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2950 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2953 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2955 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2957 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2963 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2967 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2971 /* return quickly if none of the deref ops are overloaded */
2972 stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(ref));
2973 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2974 if (HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_NO_DEREF)
2977 while ((tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2978 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2980 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2981 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2982 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2989 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2993 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2995 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2997 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2999 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
3000 /* overloading lexically disabled */
3002 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
3003 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
3004 * masked by overloading.pm */
3006 const int offset = method / 8;
3007 const int bit = method % 8;
3008 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
3010 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
3011 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
3018 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
3023 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
3024 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
3025 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
3026 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
3027 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
3028 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
3029 int use_default_op = 0;
3030 int force_scalar = 0;
3036 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
3038 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
3039 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
3042 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
3043 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3044 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3045 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3046 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3048 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
3049 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
3055 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
3056 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
3058 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
3061 /* look for substituted methods */
3062 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
3066 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
3067 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
3068 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3073 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
3074 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
3075 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3079 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3082 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3085 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3088 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
3089 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
3090 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3097 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
3100 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
3101 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
3103 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
3104 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
3106 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
3107 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
3108 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
3109 delegate to the stash. */
3110 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
3116 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
3117 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
3118 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3120 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3121 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
3122 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
3124 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3125 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
3126 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
3129 if (off==subtr_amg) {
3140 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
3142 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3147 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3148 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3151 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3159 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3164 if (!cv) goto not_found;
3165 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
3166 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3167 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3168 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3169 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3171 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
3174 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
3175 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
3176 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
3177 /* We look for substitution for
3178 * comparison operations and
3180 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
3181 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
3182 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
3204 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3208 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3218 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
3226 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3228 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
3229 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
3230 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
3231 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
3232 } else if ((use_default_op =
3233 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
3234 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
3236 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
3240 if (off==-1) off=method;
3241 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
3242 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
3243 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3244 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
3246 "in overloaded package ":
3247 "has no overloaded magic",
3249 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
3252 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
3255 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
3257 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
3258 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
3259 if (use_default_op) {
3260 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
3262 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
3266 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
3271 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
3272 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
3273 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
3274 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
3280 if (off == subtr_amg)
3283 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
3284 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
3285 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
3286 * assigned to the proper variable later */
3303 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
3307 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
3308 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
3309 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3317 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3318 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3319 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3329 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3330 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3332 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3334 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3335 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3336 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3337 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3338 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3339 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3340 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3341 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3344 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3345 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3346 * version of copy operator
3348 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3349 * a) Assignment form was called.
3350 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3351 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3352 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3353 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3354 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3356 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3357 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3359 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3360 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3363 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3364 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3366 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3367 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3370 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3371 * information by hand */
3372 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3374 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3375 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3377 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3385 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3387 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3390 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3391 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3392 myop.op_next = NULL;
3393 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3397 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3400 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3401 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3406 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3410 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3413 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3414 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3415 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3416 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3418 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3419 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3420 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3421 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3423 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3424 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3426 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3430 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3434 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3438 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3439 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3442 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3445 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3446 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3447 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3449 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3461 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3468 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3471 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3474 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3477 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3480 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3483 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3486 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3488 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3493 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3495 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3497 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3505 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3510 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3513 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3515 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3516 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3519 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3520 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3524 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3526 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3527 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3528 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3529 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3530 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3531 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3532 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3534 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3536 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3537 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3538 more compactly represents the same thing.
3544 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3550 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3552 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3554 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3556 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3557 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3558 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3559 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3560 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3561 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3563 if (gv == PL_statgv || gv == PL_last_in_gv || gv == PL_stderrgv)
3565 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3567 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3568 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3570 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3571 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3577 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3578 (void)hv_deletehek(stash, gvnhek, G_DISCARD);
3579 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv && SvREFCNT(cv) == 1 &&
3580 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3581 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && !CvNAMED(cv) && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3582 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3583 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3584 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3585 (gvp = hv_fetchhek(stash, namehek, 0)) &&
3587 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3588 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3592 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3594 /* See also: 'SET_SVANY_FOR_BODYLESS_IV' in sv.c */
3595 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3596 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3597 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3602 Perl_gv_override(pTHX_ const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
3604 GV *gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3606 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_OVERRIDE;
3607 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) return gv;
3608 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, name, len, FALSE);
3609 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3610 if (gv && !isGV(gv)) {
3611 if (!SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv)) return NULL;
3612 gv_init(gv, PL_globalstash, name, len, 0);
3615 return gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv) ? gv : NULL;
3621 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3624 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3630 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3632 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3635 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: