3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 #undef sv_flags /* Convex has this in <signal.h> for sigvec() */
18 =for apidoc AmU||svtype
19 An enum of flags for Perl types. These are found in the file B<sv.h>
20 in the C<svtype> enum. Test these flags with the C<SvTYPE> macro.
41 These are most easily explained from the bottom up.
43 SVt_PVIO is for I/O objects, SVt_PVFM for formats, SVt_PVCV for
44 subroutines, SVt_PVHV for hashes and SVt_PVAV for arrays.
46 All the others are scalar types, that is, things that can be bound to a
47 C<$> variable. For these, the internal types are mostly orthogonal to
48 types in the Perl language.
50 Hence, checking C<< SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PVAV >> is the best way to see whether
51 something is a scalar.
53 SVt_PVGV represents a typeglob. If !SvFAKE(sv), then it is a real,
54 incoercible typeglob. If SvFAKE(sv), then it is a scalar to which a
55 typeglob has been assigned. Assigning to it again will stop it from being
56 a typeglob. SVt_PVLV represents a scalar that delegates to another scalar
57 behind the scenes. It is used, e.g., for the return value of C<substr> and
58 for tied hash and array elements. It can hold any scalar value, including
59 a typeglob. SVt_REGEXP is for regular expressions.
61 SVt_PVMG represents a "normal" scalar (not a typeglob, regular expression,
62 or delegate). Since most scalars do not need all the internal fields of a
63 PVMG, we save memory by allocating smaller structs when possible. All the
64 other types are just simpler forms of SVt_PVMG, with fewer internal fields.
65 SVt_NULL can only hold undef. SVt_IV can hold undef, an integer, or a
66 reference. (SVt_RV is an alias for SVt_IV, which exists for backward
67 compatibility.) SVt_NV can hold any of those or a double. SVt_PV can only
68 hold undef or a string. SVt_PVIV is a superset of SVt_PV and SVt_IV.
69 SVt_PVNV is similar. SVt_PVMG can hold anything SVt_PVNV can hold, but it
70 can, but does not have to, be blessed or magical.
72 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_NULL
73 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
75 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_IV
76 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
78 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_NV
79 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
81 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PV
82 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
84 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVIV
85 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
87 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVNV
88 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
90 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVMG
91 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
93 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_REGEXP
94 Type flag for regular expressions. See L</svtype>.
96 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVGV
97 Type flag for typeglobs. See L</svtype>.
99 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVLV
100 Type flag for scalars. See L</svtype>.
102 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVAV
103 Type flag for arrays. See L</svtype>.
105 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVHV
106 Type flag for hashes. See L</svtype>.
108 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVCV
109 Type flag for subroutines. See L</svtype>.
111 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVFM
112 Type flag for formats. See L</svtype>.
114 =for apidoc AmU||SVt_PVIO
115 Type flag for I/O objects. See L</svtype>.
125 /* RV was here, before it was merged with IV. */
131 /* PVBM was here, before BIND replaced it. */
139 SVt_LAST /* keep last in enum. used to size arrays */
142 /* *** any alterations to the SV types above need to be reflected in
143 * SVt_MASK and the various PL_valid_types_* tables */
145 #define SVt_MASK 0xf /* smallest bitmask that covers all types */
148 /* Although Fast Boyer Moore tables are now being stored in PVGVs, for most
149 purposes eternal code wanting to consider PVBM probably needs to think of
151 # define SVt_PVBM SVt_PVMG
152 /* Anything wanting to create a reference from clean should ensure that it has
153 a scalar of type SVt_IV now: */
154 # define SVt_RV SVt_IV
157 /* There is collusion here with sv_clear - sv_clear exits early for SVt_NULL
158 so never reaches the clause at the end that uses sv_type_details->body_size
159 to determine whether to call safefree(). Hence body_size can be set
160 non-zero to record the size of HEs, without fear of bogus frees. */
161 #if defined(PERL_IN_HV_C) || defined(PERL_IN_XS_APITEST)
162 #define HE_SVSLOT SVt_NULL
165 #define PERL_ARENA_ROOTS_SIZE (SVt_LAST)
167 /* typedefs to eliminate some typing */
168 typedef struct he HE;
169 typedef struct hek HEK;
171 /* Using C's structural equivalence to help emulate C++ inheritance here... */
173 /* start with 2 sv-head building blocks */
174 #define _SV_HEAD(ptrtype) \
175 ptrtype sv_any; /* pointer to body */ \
176 U32 sv_refcnt; /* how many references to us */ \
177 U32 sv_flags /* what we are */
179 #define _SV_HEAD_UNION \
181 char* svu_pv; /* pointer to malloced string */ \
184 SV* svu_rv; /* pointer to another SV */ \
185 struct regexp* svu_rx; \
193 struct STRUCT_SV { /* struct sv { */
196 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
197 PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_optype:9; /* the type of OP that allocated us */
198 PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_inpad:1; /* was allocated in a pad for an OP */
199 PERL_BITFIELD32 sv_debug_line:16; /* the line where we were allocated */
200 UV sv_debug_serial; /* serial number of sv allocation */
201 char * sv_debug_file; /* the file where we were allocated */
202 SV * sv_debug_parent; /* what we were cloned from (ithreads)*/
207 _SV_HEAD(XPVGV*); /* pointer to xpvgv body */
212 _SV_HEAD(XPVCV*); /* pointer to xpvcv body */
217 _SV_HEAD(XPVAV*); /* pointer to xpvav body */
222 _SV_HEAD(XPVHV*); /* pointer to xpvhv body */
227 _SV_HEAD(XPVIO*); /* pointer to xpvio body */
232 _SV_HEAD(struct regexp*); /* pointer to regexp body */
237 #undef _SV_HEAD_UNION /* ensure no pollution */
240 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
242 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvREFCNT|SV* sv
243 Returns the value of the object's reference count.
245 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc|SV* sv
246 Increments the reference count of the given SV, returning the SV.
248 All of the following SvREFCNT_inc* macros are optimized versions of
249 SvREFCNT_inc, and can be replaced with SvREFCNT_inc.
251 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc_NN|SV* sv
252 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
253 is not NULL. Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
256 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_void|SV* sv
257 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the
258 return value. The macro doesn't need to return a meaningful value.
260 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN|SV* sv
261 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the return
262 value, and you know that I<sv> is not NULL. The macro doesn't need
263 to return a meaningful value, or check for NULLness, so it's smaller
266 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc_simple|SV* sv
267 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used with expressions without side
268 effects. Since we don't have to store a temporary value, it's faster.
270 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN|SV* sv
271 Same as SvREFCNT_inc_simple, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
272 is not NULL. Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
275 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void|SV* sv
276 Same as SvREFCNT_inc_simple, but can only be used if you don't need the
277 return value. The macro doesn't need to return a meaningful value.
279 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN|SV* sv
280 Same as SvREFCNT_inc, but can only be used if you don't need the return
281 value, and you know that I<sv> is not NULL. The macro doesn't need
282 to return a meaningful value, or check for NULLness, so it's smaller
285 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_dec|SV* sv
286 Decrements the reference count of the given SV. I<sv> may be NULL.
288 =for apidoc Am|void|SvREFCNT_dec_NN|SV* sv
289 Same as SvREFCNT_dec, but can only be used if you know I<sv>
290 is not NULL. Since we don't have to check the NULLness, it's faster
293 =for apidoc Am|svtype|SvTYPE|SV* sv
294 Returns the type of the SV. See C<svtype>.
296 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUPGRADE|SV* sv|svtype type
297 Used to upgrade an SV to a more complex form. Uses C<sv_upgrade> to
298 perform the upgrade if necessary. See C<svtype>.
303 #define SvANY(sv) (sv)->sv_any
304 #define SvFLAGS(sv) (sv)->sv_flags
305 #define SvREFCNT(sv) (sv)->sv_refcnt
307 #define SvREFCNT_inc(sv) S_SvREFCNT_inc(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
308 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv) SvREFCNT_inc(sv)
309 #define SvREFCNT_inc_NN(sv) S_SvREFCNT_inc_NN(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
310 #define SvREFCNT_inc_void(sv) S_SvREFCNT_inc_void(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
312 /* These guys don't need the curly blocks */
313 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv) STMT_START { if (sv) SvREFCNT(sv)++; } STMT_END
314 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(sv) (++(SvREFCNT(sv)),MUTABLE_SV(sv))
315 #define SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv) (void)(++SvREFCNT(MUTABLE_SV(sv)))
316 #define SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(sv) (void)(++SvREFCNT(MUTABLE_SV(sv)))
318 #define SvREFCNT_dec(sv) S_SvREFCNT_dec(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(sv))
319 #define SvREFCNT_dec_NN(sv) S_SvREFCNT_dec_NN(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(sv))
321 #define SVTYPEMASK 0xff
322 #define SvTYPE(sv) ((svtype)((sv)->sv_flags & SVTYPEMASK))
324 /* Sadly there are some parts of the core that have pointers to already-freed
325 SV heads, and rely on being able to tell that they are now free. So mark
326 them all by using a consistent macro. */
327 #define SvIS_FREED(sv) ((sv)->sv_flags == SVTYPEMASK)
329 /* this is defined in this peculiar way to avoid compiler warnings.
330 * See the <20121213131428.GD1842@iabyn.com> thread in p5p */
331 #define SvUPGRADE(sv, mt) \
332 ((void)(SvTYPE(sv) >= (mt) || (sv_upgrade(sv, mt),1)))
334 #define SVf_IOK 0x00000100 /* has valid public integer value */
335 #define SVf_NOK 0x00000200 /* has valid public numeric value */
336 #define SVf_POK 0x00000400 /* has valid public pointer value */
337 #define SVf_ROK 0x00000800 /* has a valid reference pointer */
339 #define SVp_IOK 0x00001000 /* has valid non-public integer value */
340 #define SVp_NOK 0x00002000 /* has valid non-public numeric value */
341 #define SVp_POK 0x00004000 /* has valid non-public pointer value */
342 #define SVp_SCREAM 0x00008000 /* method name is DOES */
343 #define SVphv_CLONEABLE SVp_SCREAM /* PVHV (stashes) clone its objects */
344 #define SVpgv_GP SVp_SCREAM /* GV has a valid GP */
345 #define SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED SVp_SCREAM /* RV is a proxy for a constant
346 subroutine in another package. Set the
347 GvIMPORTED_CV_on() if it needs to be
348 expanded to a real GV */
349 #define SVf_IsCOW 0x00010000 /* copy on write (shared hash key if
351 #define SVs_PADTMP 0x00020000 /* in use as tmp; only if ! SVs_PADMY */
352 #define SVs_PADSTALE 0x00020000 /* lexical has gone out of scope;
353 only valid for SVs_PADMY */
354 #define SVpad_TYPED 0x00020000 /* pad name is a Typed Lexical */
355 #define SVs_PADMY 0x00040000 /* in use a "my" variable */
356 #define SVpad_OUR 0x00040000 /* pad name is "our" instead of "my" */
357 #define SVs_TEMP 0x00080000 /* string is stealable? */
358 #define SVs_OBJECT 0x00100000 /* is "blessed" */
359 #define SVs_GMG 0x00200000 /* has magical get method */
360 #define SVs_SMG 0x00400000 /* has magical set method */
361 #define SVs_RMG 0x00800000 /* has random magical methods */
363 #define SVf_FAKE 0x01000000 /* 0: glob is just a copy
364 1: SV head arena wasn't malloc()ed
365 2: For PVCV, whether CvUNIQUE(cv)
366 refers to an eval or once only
367 [CvEVAL(cv), CvSPECIAL(cv)]
368 3: On a pad name SV, that slot in the
369 frame AV is a REFCNT'ed reference
370 to a lexical from "outside". */
371 #define SVf_OOK 0x02000000 /* has valid offset value. For a PVHV this
372 means that a hv_aux struct is present
373 after the main array */
374 #define SVf_BREAK 0x04000000 /* refcnt is artificially low - used by
375 SVs in final arena cleanup.
376 Set in S_regtry on PL_reg_curpm, so that
377 perl_destruct will skip it. */
378 #define SVf_READONLY 0x08000000 /* may not be modified */
383 #define SVf_THINKFIRST (SVf_READONLY|SVf_ROK|SVf_FAKE|SVs_RMG|SVf_IsCOW)
385 #define SVf_OK (SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVf_POK|SVf_ROK| \
386 SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVp_POK|SVpgv_GP)
388 #define PRIVSHIFT 4 /* (SVp_?OK >> PRIVSHIFT) == SVf_?OK */
390 #define SVf_AMAGIC 0x10000000 /* has magical overloaded methods */
392 /* Ensure this value does not clash with the GV_ADD* flags in gv.h: */
393 #define SVf_UTF8 0x20000000 /* SvPV is UTF-8 encoded
394 This is also set on RVs whose overloaded
395 stringification is UTF-8. This might
396 only happen as a side effect of SvPV() */
399 /* Some private flags. */
401 /* PVAV could probably use 0x2000000 without conflict. I assume that PVFM can
402 be UTF-8 encoded, and PVCVs could well have UTF-8 prototypes. PVIOs haven't
403 been restructured, so sometimes get used as string buffers. */
406 #define SVphv_SHAREKEYS 0x20000000 /* PVHV keys live on shared string table */
408 /* PVNV, PVMG only, and only used in pads. Should be safe to test on any scalar
409 SV, as the core is careful to avoid setting both.
411 SVf_POK, SVp_POK also set:
413 0x0000C400 method name for DOES (SvSCREAM)
414 0x40004400 FBM compiled (SvVALID)
417 0x00008000 GV with GP
418 0x00008800 RV with PCS imported
420 #define SVpad_NAME (SVp_SCREAM|SVpbm_VALID)
421 /* This SV is a name in the PAD, so
422 SVpad_TYPED, SVpad_OUR and SVpad_STATE
425 #define SVpav_REAL 0x40000000 /* free old entries */
427 #define SVphv_LAZYDEL 0x40000000 /* entry in xhv_eiter must be deleted */
428 /* This is only set true on a PVGV when it's playing "PVBM", but is tested for
429 on any regular scalar (anything <= PVLV) */
430 #define SVpbm_VALID 0x40000000
431 /* Only used in toke.c on an SV stored in PL_lex_repl */
432 #define SVrepl_EVAL 0x40000000 /* Replacement part of s///e */
434 /* IV, PVIV, PVNV, PVMG, PVGV and (I assume) PVLV */
435 #define SVf_IVisUV 0x80000000 /* use XPVUV instead of XPVIV */
437 #define SVpav_REIFY 0x80000000 /* can become real */
439 #define SVphv_HASKFLAGS 0x80000000 /* keys have flag byte after hash */
440 /* PVGV when SVpbm_VALID is true */
441 #define SVpbm_TAIL 0x80000000
442 /* RV upwards. However, SVf_ROK and SVp_IOK are exclusive */
443 #define SVprv_WEAKREF 0x80000000 /* Weak reference */
444 /* pad name vars only */
445 #define SVpad_STATE 0x80000000 /* pad name is a "state" var */
448 HV* xmg_stash; /* class package */ \
450 STRLEN xpv_cur; /* length of svu_pv as a C string */ \
452 STRLEN xpvlenu_len; /* allocated size */ \
453 char * xpvlenu_pv; /* regexp string */ \
456 #define xpv_len xpv_len_u.xpvlenu_len
459 NV xnv_nv; /* numeric value, if any */
464 } xpad_cop_seq; /* used by pad.c for cop_sequence */
467 U8 xbm_rare; /* rarest character in string */
468 } xbm_s; /* fields from PVBM */
472 IV xivu_iv; /* integer value */
474 HEK * xivu_namehek; /* xpvlv, xpvgv: GvNAME */
478 MAGIC* xmg_magic; /* linked list of magicalness */
479 HV* xmg_ourstash; /* Stash for our (when SvPAD_OUR is true) */
480 STRLEN xmg_hash_index; /* used while freeing hash entries */
492 #define xiv_iv xiv_u.xivu_iv
499 #define xuv_uv xuv_u.xivu_uv
507 /* This structure must match the beginning of struct xpvhv in hv.h. */
521 char xlv_type; /* k=keys .=pos x=substr v=vec /=join/re
522 * y=alem/helem/iter t=tie T=tied HE */
523 char xlv_flags; /* 1 = negative offset 2 = negative len */
526 /* This structure works in 3 ways - regular scalar, GV with GP, or fast
534 typedef U32 cv_flags_t;
536 #define _XPVCV_COMMON \
544 void (*xcv_xsub) (pTHX_ CV*); \
551 PADLIST * xcv_padlist; \
553 U32 xcv_outside_seq; /* the COP sequence (at the point of our \
554 * compilation) in the lexically enclosing \
556 cv_flags_t xcv_flags; \
557 I32 xcv_depth /* >= 2 indicates recursive call */
559 /* This structure must match XPVCV in cv.h */
570 /* ifp and ofp are normally the same, but sockets need separate streams */
572 /* Cray addresses everything by word boundaries (64 bits) and
573 * code and data pointers cannot be mixed (which is exactly what
574 * Perl_filter_add() tries to do with the dirp), hence the
575 * following union trick (as suggested by Gurusamy Sarathy).
576 * For further information see Geir Johansen's problem report
577 * titled [ID 20000612.002] Perl problem on Cray system
578 * The any pointer (known as IoANY()) will also be a good place
579 * to hang any IO disciplines to.
582 DIR * xiou_dirp; /* for opendir, readdir, etc */
583 void * xiou_any; /* for alignment */
585 /* IV xio_lines is now in IVX $. */
586 IV xio_page; /* $% */
587 IV xio_page_len; /* $= */
588 IV xio_lines_left; /* $- */
589 char * xio_top_name; /* $^ */
590 GV * xio_top_gv; /* $^ */
591 char * xio_fmt_name; /* $~ */
592 GV * xio_fmt_gv; /* $~ */
593 char * xio_bottom_name;/* $^B */
594 GV * xio_bottom_gv; /* $^B */
599 #define xio_dirp xio_dirpu.xiou_dirp
600 #define xio_any xio_dirpu.xiou_any
602 #define IOf_ARGV 1 /* this fp iterates over ARGV */
603 #define IOf_START 2 /* check for null ARGV and substitute '-' */
604 #define IOf_FLUSH 4 /* this fp wants a flush after write op */
605 #define IOf_DIDTOP 8 /* just did top of form */
606 #define IOf_UNTAINT 16 /* consider this fp (and its data) "safe" */
607 #define IOf_NOLINE 32 /* slurped a pseudo-line from empty file */
608 #define IOf_FAKE_DIRP 64 /* xio_dirp is fake (source filters kludge)
609 Also, when this is set, SvPVX() is valid */
611 /* The following macros define implementation-independent predicates on SVs. */
614 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNIOK|SV* sv
615 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a number, integer or
618 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNIOKp|SV* sv
619 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a number, integer or
620 double. Checks the B<private> setting. Use C<SvNIOK> instead.
622 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNIOK_off|SV* sv
623 Unsets the NV/IV status of an SV.
625 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvOK|SV* sv
626 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the value is defined. This is
627 only meaningful for scalars.
629 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvIOKp|SV* sv
630 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains an integer. Checks
631 the B<private> setting. Use C<SvIOK> instead.
633 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNOKp|SV* sv
634 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a double. Checks the
635 B<private> setting. Use C<SvNOK> instead.
637 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvPOKp|SV* sv
638 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a character string.
639 Checks the B<private> setting. Use C<SvPOK> instead.
641 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvIOK|SV* sv
642 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains an integer.
644 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_on|SV* sv
645 Tells an SV that it is an integer.
647 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_off|SV* sv
648 Unsets the IV status of an SV.
650 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_only|SV* sv
651 Tells an SV that it is an integer and disables all other OK bits.
653 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIOK_only_UV|SV* sv
654 Tells an SV that it is an unsigned integer and disables all other OK bits.
656 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIOK_UV|SV* sv
657 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an integer that must be
658 interpreted as unsigned. A non-negative integer whose value is within the
659 range of both an IV and a UV may be be flagged as either SvUOK or SVIOK.
661 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvUOK|SV* sv
662 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains an integer that must be
663 interpreted as unsigned. A non-negative integer whose value is within the
664 range of both an IV and a UV may be be flagged as either SvUOK or SVIOK.
666 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIOK_notUV|SV* sv
667 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains a signed integer.
669 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvNOK|SV* sv
670 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a double.
672 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNOK_on|SV* sv
673 Tells an SV that it is a double.
675 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNOK_off|SV* sv
676 Unsets the NV status of an SV.
678 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNOK_only|SV* sv
679 Tells an SV that it is a double and disables all other OK bits.
681 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvPOK|SV* sv
682 Returns a U32 value indicating whether the SV contains a character
685 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_on|SV* sv
686 Tells an SV that it is a string.
688 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_off|SV* sv
689 Unsets the PV status of an SV.
691 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_only|SV* sv
692 Tells an SV that it is a string and disables all other OK bits.
693 Will also turn off the UTF-8 status.
695 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvVOK|SV* sv
696 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV contains a v-string.
698 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvOOK|SV* sv
699 Returns a U32 indicating whether the pointer to the string buffer is offset.
700 This hack is used internally to speed up removal of characters from the
701 beginning of a SvPV. When SvOOK is true, then the start of the
702 allocated string buffer is actually C<SvOOK_offset()> bytes before SvPVX.
703 This offset used to be stored in SvIVX, but is now stored within the spare
706 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvROK|SV* sv
707 Tests if the SV is an RV.
709 =for apidoc Am|void|SvROK_on|SV* sv
710 Tells an SV that it is an RV.
712 =for apidoc Am|void|SvROK_off|SV* sv
713 Unsets the RV status of an SV.
715 =for apidoc Am|SV*|SvRV|SV* sv
716 Dereferences an RV to return the SV.
718 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIVX|SV* sv
719 Returns the raw value in the SV's IV slot, without checks or conversions.
720 Only use when you are sure SvIOK is true. See also C<SvIV()>.
722 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUVX|SV* sv
723 Returns the raw value in the SV's UV slot, without checks or conversions.
724 Only use when you are sure SvIOK is true. See also C<SvUV()>.
726 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNVX|SV* sv
727 Returns the raw value in the SV's NV slot, without checks or conversions.
728 Only use when you are sure SvNOK is true. See also C<SvNV()>.
730 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVX|SV* sv
731 Returns a pointer to the physical string in the SV. The SV must contain a
732 string. Prior to 5.9.3 it is not safe to execute this macro unless the SV's
735 This is also used to store the name of an autoloaded subroutine in an XS
736 AUTOLOAD routine. See L<perlguts/Autoloading with XSUBs>.
738 =for apidoc Am|STRLEN|SvCUR|SV* sv
739 Returns the length of the string which is in the SV. See C<SvLEN>.
741 =for apidoc Am|STRLEN|SvLEN|SV* sv
742 Returns the size of the string buffer in the SV, not including any part
743 attributable to C<SvOOK>. See C<SvCUR>.
745 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvEND|SV* sv
746 Returns a pointer to the spot just after the last character in
747 the string which is in the SV, where there is usually a trailing
748 null (even though Perl scalars do not strictly require it).
749 See C<SvCUR>. Access the character as *(SvEND(sv)).
751 Warning: If C<SvCUR> is equal to C<SvLEN>, then C<SvEND> points to
754 =for apidoc Am|HV*|SvSTASH|SV* sv
755 Returns the stash of the SV.
757 =for apidoc Am|void|SvIV_set|SV* sv|IV val
758 Set the value of the IV pointer in sv to val. It is possible to perform
759 the same function of this macro with an lvalue assignment to C<SvIVX>.
760 With future Perls, however, it will be more efficient to use
761 C<SvIV_set> instead of the lvalue assignment to C<SvIVX>.
763 =for apidoc Am|void|SvNV_set|SV* sv|NV val
764 Set the value of the NV pointer in sv to val. See C<SvIV_set>.
766 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPV_set|SV* sv|char* val
767 Set the value of the PV pointer in sv to val. See also C<SvIV_set>.
769 Beware that the existing pointer may be involved in copy-on-write or other
770 mischief, so do C<SvOOK_off(sv)> and use C<sv_force_normal> or
771 C<SvPV_force> (or check the SvIsCOW flag) first to make sure this
772 modification is safe.
774 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUV_set|SV* sv|UV val
775 Set the value of the UV pointer in sv to val. See C<SvIV_set>.
777 =for apidoc Am|void|SvRV_set|SV* sv|SV* val
778 Set the value of the RV pointer in sv to val. See C<SvIV_set>.
780 =for apidoc Am|void|SvMAGIC_set|SV* sv|MAGIC* val
781 Set the value of the MAGIC pointer in sv to val. See C<SvIV_set>.
783 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSTASH_set|SV* sv|HV* val
784 Set the value of the STASH pointer in sv to val. See C<SvIV_set>.
786 =for apidoc Am|void|SvCUR_set|SV* sv|STRLEN len
787 Set the current length of the string which is in the SV. See C<SvCUR>
790 =for apidoc Am|void|SvLEN_set|SV* sv|STRLEN len
791 Set the actual length of the string which is in the SV. See C<SvIV_set>.
796 #define SvNIOK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK))
797 #define SvNIOKp(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK))
798 #define SvNIOK_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK| \
799 SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVf_IVisUV))
801 #define assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_(!SvROK(sv) || !SvRV(sv))
802 #define assert_not_glob(sv) assert_(!isGV_with_GP(sv))
804 #define SvOK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_OK || isREGEXP(sv))
805 #define SvOK_off(sv) (assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv) \
806 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_OK| \
807 SVf_IVisUV|SVf_UTF8), \
809 #define SvOK_off_exc_UV(sv) (assert_not_ROK(sv) \
810 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_OK| \
814 #define SvOKp(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVp_POK))
815 #define SvIOKp(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVp_IOK)
816 #define SvIOKp_on(sv) (assert_not_glob(sv) SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv) \
817 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_IOK)
818 #define SvNOKp(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVp_NOK)
819 #define SvNOKp_on(sv) (assert_not_glob(sv) SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_NOK)
820 #define SvPOKp(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVp_POK)
821 #define SvPOKp_on(sv) (assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv) \
822 SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_POK)
824 #define SvIOK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_IOK)
825 #define SvIOK_on(sv) (assert_not_glob(sv) SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv) \
826 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK))
827 #define SvIOK_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))
828 #define SvIOK_only(sv) (SvOK_off(sv), \
829 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK))
830 #define SvIOK_only_UV(sv) (assert_not_glob(sv) SvOK_off_exc_UV(sv), \
831 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_IOK|SVp_IOK))
833 #define SvIOK_UV(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV)) \
834 == (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))
835 #define SvUOK(sv) SvIOK_UV(sv)
836 #define SvIOK_notUV(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV)) \
839 #define SvIsUV(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_IVisUV)
840 #define SvIsUV_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_IVisUV)
841 #define SvIsUV_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_IVisUV)
843 #define SvNOK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_NOK)
844 #define SvNOK_on(sv) (assert_not_glob(sv) \
845 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK))
846 #define SvNOK_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK))
847 #define SvNOK_only(sv) (SvOK_off(sv), \
848 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_NOK|SVp_NOK))
851 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvUTF8|SV* sv
852 Returns a U32 value indicating the UTF-8 status of an SV. If things are set-up
853 properly, this indicates whether or not the SV contains UTF-8 encoded data.
854 You should use this I<after> a call to SvPV() or one of its variants, in
855 case any call to string overloading updates the internal flag.
857 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUTF8_on|SV *sv
858 Turn on the UTF-8 status of an SV (the data is not changed, just the flag).
859 Do not use frivolously.
861 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUTF8_off|SV *sv
862 Unsets the UTF-8 status of an SV (the data is not changed, just the flag).
863 Do not use frivolously.
865 =for apidoc Am|void|SvPOK_only_UTF8|SV* sv
866 Tells an SV that it is a string and disables all other OK bits,
867 and leaves the UTF-8 status as it was.
872 /* Ensure the return value of this macro does not clash with the GV_ADD* flags
874 #define SvUTF8(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_UTF8)
875 #define SvUTF8_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_UTF8))
876 #define SvUTF8_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_UTF8))
878 #define SvPOK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_POK)
879 #define SvPOK_on(sv) (assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv) \
880 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
881 #define SvPOK_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
882 #define SvPOK_only(sv) (assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv) \
883 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_OK| \
884 SVf_IVisUV|SVf_UTF8), \
885 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
886 #define SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv) (assert_not_ROK(sv) assert_not_glob(sv) \
887 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_OK| \
889 SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_POK|SVp_POK))
891 #define SvVOK(sv) (SvMAGICAL(sv) \
892 && mg_find(sv,PERL_MAGIC_vstring))
893 /* returns the vstring magic, if any */
894 #define SvVSTRING_mg(sv) (SvMAGICAL(sv) \
895 ? mg_find(sv,PERL_MAGIC_vstring) : NULL)
897 #define SvOOK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_OOK)
898 #define SvOOK_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_OOK)
899 #define SvOOK_off(sv) ((void)(SvOOK(sv) && sv_backoff(sv)))
901 #define SvFAKE(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_FAKE)
902 #define SvFAKE_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_FAKE)
903 #define SvFAKE_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_FAKE)
905 #define SvROK(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_ROK)
906 #define SvROK_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_ROK)
907 #define SvROK_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_ROK))
909 #define SvMAGICAL(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
910 #define SvMAGICAL_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
911 #define SvMAGICAL_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG))
913 #define SvGMAGICAL(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_GMG)
914 #define SvGMAGICAL_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_GMG)
915 #define SvGMAGICAL_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_GMG)
917 #define SvSMAGICAL(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_SMG)
918 #define SvSMAGICAL_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_SMG)
919 #define SvSMAGICAL_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_SMG)
921 #define SvRMAGICAL(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_RMG)
922 #define SvRMAGICAL_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_RMG)
923 #define SvRMAGICAL_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_RMG)
925 #define SvAMAGIC(sv) (SvROK(sv) && SvOBJECT(SvRV(sv)) && \
926 HvAMAGIC(SvSTASH(SvRV(sv))))
928 /* To be used on the stashes themselves: */
929 #define HvAMAGIC(hv) (SvFLAGS(hv) & SVf_AMAGIC)
930 #define HvAMAGIC_on(hv) (SvFLAGS(hv) |= SVf_AMAGIC)
931 #define HvAMAGIC_off(hv) (SvFLAGS(hv) &=~ SVf_AMAGIC)
934 #define SvPOK_nog(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_POK)
935 #define SvIOK_nog(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_IOK)
936 #define SvUOK_nog(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV|SVs_GMG)) == (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))
937 #define SvNOK_nog(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_NOK|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_NOK)
938 #define SvNIOK_nog(sv) (SvNIOK(sv) && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_GMG))
940 #define SvPOK_nogthink(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_POK)
941 #define SvIOK_nogthink(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_IOK)
942 #define SvUOK_nogthink(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == (SVf_IOK|SVf_IVisUV))
943 #define SvNOK_nogthink(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_NOK|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_NOK)
944 #define SvNIOK_nogthink(sv) (SvNIOK(sv) && !(SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)))
946 #define SvPOK_utf8_nog(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVs_GMG)) == (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8))
947 #define SvPOK_utf8_nogthink(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8))
949 #define SvPOK_byte_nog(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_POK)
950 #define SvPOK_byte_nogthink(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_POK)
952 #define SvPOK_pure_nogthink(sv) \
953 ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVf_ROK|SVpgv_GP|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_POK)
954 #define SvPOK_utf8_pure_nogthink(sv) \
955 ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVf_ROK|SVpgv_GP|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8))
956 #define SvPOK_byte_pure_nogthink(sv) \
957 ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_POK|SVf_UTF8|SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK|SVf_ROK|SVpgv_GP|SVf_THINKFIRST|SVs_GMG)) == SVf_POK)
960 =for apidoc Am|U32|SvGAMAGIC|SV* sv
962 Returns true if the SV has get magic or
963 overloading. If either is true then
964 the scalar is active data, and has the potential to return a new value every
965 time it is accessed. Hence you must be careful to
966 only read it once per user logical operation and work
967 with that returned value. If neither is true then
968 the scalar's value cannot change unless written to.
973 #define SvGAMAGIC(sv) (SvGMAGICAL(sv) || SvAMAGIC(sv))
975 #define Gv_AMG(stash) \
976 (HvNAME(stash) && Gv_AMupdate(stash,FALSE) \
978 : (HvAMAGIC_off(stash), 0))
980 #define SvWEAKREF(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF)) \
981 == (SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF))
982 #define SvWEAKREF_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF))
983 #define SvWEAKREF_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_ROK|SVprv_WEAKREF))
985 #define SvPCS_IMPORTED(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED)) \
986 == (SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED))
987 #define SvPCS_IMPORTED_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= (SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED))
988 #define SvPCS_IMPORTED_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~(SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED))
991 =for apidoc m|U32|SvTHINKFIRST|SV *sv
993 A quick flag check to see whether an sv should be passed to sv_force_normal
994 to be "downgraded" before SvIVX or SvPVX can be modified directly.
996 For example, if your scalar is a reference and you want to modify the SvIVX
997 slot, you can't just do SvROK_off, as that will leak the referent.
999 This is used internally by various sv-modifying functions, such as
1000 sv_setsv, sv_setiv and sv_pvn_force.
1002 One case that this does not handle is a gv without SvFAKE set. After
1004 if (SvTHINKFIRST(gv)) sv_force_normal(gv);
1006 it will still be a gv.
1008 SvTHINKFIRST sometimes produces false positives. In those cases
1009 sv_force_normal does nothing.
1014 #define SvTHINKFIRST(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_THINKFIRST)
1016 #define SvPADMY(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_PADMY)
1017 #define SvPADMY_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_PADMY)
1019 /* SVs_PADTMP and SVs_PADSTALE share the same bit, mediated by SVs_PADMY */
1021 #define SvPADTMP(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVs_PADMY|SVs_PADTMP)) == SVs_PADTMP)
1022 #define SvPADSTALE(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVs_PADMY|SVs_PADSTALE)) \
1023 == (SVs_PADMY|SVs_PADSTALE))
1025 #define SvPADTMP_on(sv) S_SvPADTMP_on(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
1026 #define SvPADTMP_off(sv) S_SvPADTMP_off(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
1027 #define SvPADSTALE_on(sv) S_SvPADSTALE_on(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
1028 #define SvPADSTALE_off(sv) S_SvPADSTALE_off(MUTABLE_SV(sv))
1030 #define SvTEMP(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_TEMP)
1031 #define SvTEMP_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_TEMP)
1032 #define SvTEMP_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_TEMP)
1034 #define SvOBJECT(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVs_OBJECT)
1035 #define SvOBJECT_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVs_OBJECT)
1036 #define SvOBJECT_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVs_OBJECT)
1038 #define SvREADONLY(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_READONLY)
1039 #define SvREADONLY_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_READONLY)
1040 #define SvREADONLY_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_READONLY)
1042 #define SvSCREAM(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVp_SCREAM|SVp_POK)) == (SVp_SCREAM|SVp_POK))
1043 #define SvSCREAM_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVp_SCREAM)
1044 #define SvSCREAM_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVp_SCREAM)
1047 # define SvCOMPILED(sv) 0
1048 # define SvCOMPILED_on(sv)
1049 # define SvCOMPILED_off(sv)
1052 #define SvEVALED(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVrepl_EVAL)
1053 #define SvEVALED_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVrepl_EVAL)
1054 #define SvEVALED_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVrepl_EVAL)
1056 #if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1057 # define SvVALID(sv) ({ const SV *const _svvalid = (const SV*)(sv); \
1058 if (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) & SVpbm_VALID) \
1059 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svvalid)); \
1060 (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) & SVpbm_VALID); \
1062 # define SvVALID_on(sv) ({ SV *const _svvalid = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1063 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svvalid)); \
1064 (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) |= SVpbm_VALID); \
1066 # define SvVALID_off(sv) ({ SV *const _svvalid = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1067 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svvalid)); \
1068 (SvFLAGS(_svvalid) &= ~SVpbm_VALID); \
1071 # define SvTAIL(sv) ({ const SV *const _svtail = (const SV *)(sv); \
1072 assert(SvTYPE(_svtail) != SVt_PVAV); \
1073 assert(SvTYPE(_svtail) != SVt_PVHV); \
1074 (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID)) \
1075 == (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID); \
1078 # define SvVALID(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVpbm_VALID)
1079 # define SvVALID_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpbm_VALID)
1080 # define SvVALID_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpbm_VALID)
1081 # define SvTAIL(sv) ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID)) \
1082 == (SVpbm_TAIL|SVpbm_VALID))
1085 #define SvTAIL_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpbm_TAIL)
1086 #define SvTAIL_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpbm_TAIL)
1089 #define SvPAD_TYPED(sv) \
1090 ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED)) == (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED))
1092 #define SvPAD_OUR(sv) \
1093 ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR)) == (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR))
1095 #define SvPAD_STATE(sv) \
1096 ((SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE)) == (SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE))
1098 #if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1099 # define SvPAD_TYPED_on(sv) ({ \
1100 SV *const _svpad = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1101 assert(SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVMG); \
1102 (SvFLAGS(_svpad) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED); \
1104 #define SvPAD_OUR_on(sv) ({ \
1105 SV *const _svpad = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1106 assert(SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVMG); \
1107 (SvFLAGS(_svpad) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR); \
1109 #define SvPAD_STATE_on(sv) ({ \
1110 SV *const _svpad = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1111 assert(SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVNV || SvTYPE(_svpad) == SVt_PVMG); \
1112 (SvFLAGS(_svpad) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE); \
1115 # define SvPAD_TYPED_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_TYPED)
1116 # define SvPAD_OUR_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_OUR)
1117 # define SvPAD_STATE_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpad_NAME|SVpad_STATE)
1120 #define SvOURSTASH(sv) \
1121 (SvPAD_OUR(sv) ? ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_ourstash : NULL)
1122 #define SvOURSTASH_set(sv, st) \
1124 assert(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVMG); \
1125 ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_ourstash = st; \
1128 #define SvRVx(sv) SvRV(sv)
1130 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_COW
1131 /* Need -0.0 for SvNVX to preserve IEEE FP "negative zero" because
1132 +0.0 + -0.0 => +0.0 but -0.0 + -0.0 => -0.0 */
1133 # define SvIVX(sv) (0 + ((XPVIV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv)
1134 # define SvUVX(sv) (0 + ((XPVUV*) SvANY(sv))->xuv_uv)
1135 # define SvNVX(sv) (-0.0 + ((XPVNV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xnv_nv)
1136 # define SvRV(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1137 # define SvRV_const(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1138 /* Don't test the core XS code yet. */
1139 # if defined (PERL_CORE) && PERL_DEBUG_COW > 1
1140 # define SvPVX(sv) (0 + (assert_(!SvREADONLY(sv)) (sv)->sv_u.svu_pv))
1142 # define SvPVX(sv) SvPVX_mutable(sv)
1144 # define SvCUR(sv) (0 + ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur)
1145 # define SvLEN(sv) (0 + ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_len)
1146 # define SvEND(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv + ((XPV*)SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur)
1148 # define SvMAGIC(sv) (0 + *(assert_(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG) &((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic))
1149 # define SvSTASH(sv) (0 + *(assert_(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG) &((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash))
1151 # define SvLEN(sv) ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_len
1152 # define SvEND(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv + ((XPV*)SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur)
1154 # if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1155 /* These get expanded inside other macros that already use a variable _sv */
1156 # define SvPVX(sv) \
1157 (*({ SV *const _svpvx = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1158 assert(PL_valid_types_PVX[SvTYPE(_svpvx) & SVt_MASK]); \
1159 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svpvx)); \
1160 assert(!(SvTYPE(_svpvx) == SVt_PVIO \
1161 && !(IoFLAGS(_svpvx) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1162 &((_svpvx)->sv_u.svu_pv); \
1164 # define SvCUR(sv) \
1165 (*({ const SV *const _svcur = (const SV *)(sv); \
1166 assert(PL_valid_types_PVX[SvTYPE(_svcur) & SVt_MASK] \
1167 || SvTYPE(_svcur) == SVt_REGEXP); \
1168 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svcur)); \
1169 assert(!(SvTYPE(_svcur) == SVt_PVIO \
1170 && !(IoFLAGS(_svcur) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1171 &(((XPV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svcur)))->xpv_cur); \
1173 # define SvIVX(sv) \
1174 (*({ const SV *const _svivx = (const SV *)(sv); \
1175 assert(PL_valid_types_IVX[SvTYPE(_svivx) & SVt_MASK]); \
1176 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svivx)); \
1177 &(((XPVIV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svivx)))->xiv_iv); \
1179 # define SvUVX(sv) \
1180 (*({ const SV *const _svuvx = (const SV *)(sv); \
1181 assert(PL_valid_types_IVX[SvTYPE(_svuvx) & SVt_MASK]); \
1182 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svuvx)); \
1183 &(((XPVUV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svuvx)))->xuv_uv); \
1185 # define SvNVX(sv) \
1186 (*({ const SV *const _svnvx = (const SV *)(sv); \
1187 assert(PL_valid_types_NVX[SvTYPE(_svnvx) & SVt_MASK]); \
1188 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svnvx)); \
1189 &(((XPVNV*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svnvx)))->xnv_u.xnv_nv); \
1192 (*({ SV *const _svrv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1193 assert(PL_valid_types_RV[SvTYPE(_svrv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1194 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svrv)); \
1195 assert(!(SvTYPE(_svrv) == SVt_PVIO \
1196 && !(IoFLAGS(_svrv) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1197 &((_svrv)->sv_u.svu_rv); \
1199 # define SvRV_const(sv) \
1200 ({ const SV *const _svrv = (const SV *)(sv); \
1201 assert(PL_valid_types_RV[SvTYPE(_svrv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1202 assert(!isGV_with_GP(_svrv)); \
1203 assert(!(SvTYPE(_svrv) == SVt_PVIO \
1204 && !(IoFLAGS(_svrv) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1205 (_svrv)->sv_u.svu_rv; \
1207 # define SvMAGIC(sv) \
1208 (*({ const SV *const _svmagic = (const SV *)(sv); \
1209 assert(SvTYPE(_svmagic) >= SVt_PVMG); \
1210 if(SvTYPE(_svmagic) == SVt_PVMG) \
1211 assert(!SvPAD_OUR(_svmagic)); \
1212 &(((XPVMG*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svmagic)))->xmg_u.xmg_magic); \
1214 # define SvSTASH(sv) \
1215 (*({ const SV *const _svstash = (const SV *)(sv); \
1216 assert(SvTYPE(_svstash) >= SVt_PVMG); \
1217 &(((XPVMG*) MUTABLE_PTR(SvANY(_svstash)))->xmg_stash); \
1220 # define SvPVX(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv)
1221 # define SvCUR(sv) ((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur
1222 # define SvIVX(sv) ((XPVIV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv
1223 # define SvUVX(sv) ((XPVUV*) SvANY(sv))->xuv_uv
1224 # define SvNVX(sv) ((XPVNV*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xnv_nv
1225 # define SvRV(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1226 # define SvRV_const(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_rv)
1227 # define SvMAGIC(sv) ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic
1228 # define SvSTASH(sv) ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash
1233 /* Given that these two are new, there can't be any existing code using them
1235 # define SvPVX_mutable(sv) (0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_pv)
1236 # define SvPVX_const(sv) ((const char*)(0 + (sv)->sv_u.svu_pv))
1238 /* Except for the poison code, which uses & to scribble over the pointer after
1239 free() is called. */
1240 # define SvPVX_mutable(sv) ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv)
1241 # define SvPVX_const(sv) ((const char*)((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv))
1244 #define SvIVXx(sv) SvIVX(sv)
1245 #define SvUVXx(sv) SvUVX(sv)
1246 #define SvNVXx(sv) SvNVX(sv)
1247 #define SvPVXx(sv) SvPVX(sv)
1248 #define SvLENx(sv) SvLEN(sv)
1249 #define SvENDx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvEND(PL_Sv))
1252 /* Ask a scalar nicely to try to become an IV, if possible.
1253 Not guaranteed to stay returning void */
1254 /* Macro won't actually call sv_2iv if already IOK */
1255 #define SvIV_please(sv) \
1256 STMT_START {if (!SvIOKp(sv) && (SvNOK(sv) || SvPOK(sv))) \
1257 (void) SvIV(sv); } STMT_END
1258 #define SvIV_please_nomg(sv) \
1259 (!SvIOKp(sv) && (SvNOK(sv) || SvPOK(sv)) \
1260 ? (SvIV_nomg(sv), SvIOK(sv)) \
1262 #define SvIV_set(sv, val) \
1264 assert(PL_valid_types_IV_set[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1265 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1266 (((XPVIV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv = (val)); } STMT_END
1267 #define SvNV_set(sv, val) \
1269 assert(PL_valid_types_NV_set[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1270 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1271 (((XPVNV*)SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xnv_nv = (val)); } STMT_END
1272 #define SvPV_set(sv, val) \
1274 assert(PL_valid_types_PVX[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1275 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1276 assert(!(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO \
1277 && !(IoFLAGS(sv) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1278 ((sv)->sv_u.svu_pv = (val)); } STMT_END
1279 #define SvUV_set(sv, val) \
1281 assert(PL_valid_types_IV_set[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1282 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1283 (((XPVUV*)SvANY(sv))->xuv_uv = (val)); } STMT_END
1284 #define SvRV_set(sv, val) \
1286 assert(PL_valid_types_RV[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1287 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1288 assert(!(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO \
1289 && !(IoFLAGS(sv) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1290 ((sv)->sv_u.svu_rv = (val)); } STMT_END
1291 #define SvMAGIC_set(sv, val) \
1292 STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG); \
1293 (((XPVMG*)SvANY(sv))->xmg_u.xmg_magic = (val)); } STMT_END
1294 #define SvSTASH_set(sv, val) \
1295 STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG); \
1296 (((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xmg_stash = (val)); } STMT_END
1297 #define SvCUR_set(sv, val) \
1299 assert(PL_valid_types_PVX[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK] \
1300 || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_REGEXP); \
1301 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1302 assert(!(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO \
1303 && !(IoFLAGS(sv) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1304 (((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_cur = (val)); } STMT_END
1305 #define SvLEN_set(sv, val) \
1307 assert(PL_valid_types_PVX[SvTYPE(sv) & SVt_MASK]); \
1308 assert(!isGV_with_GP(sv)); \
1309 assert(!(SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO \
1310 && !(IoFLAGS(sv) & IOf_FAKE_DIRP))); \
1311 (((XPV*) SvANY(sv))->xpv_len = (val)); } STMT_END
1312 #define SvEND_set(sv, val) \
1313 STMT_START { assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV); \
1314 SvCUR_set(sv, (val) - SvPVX(sv)); } STMT_END
1316 #define SvPV_renew(sv,n) \
1317 STMT_START { SvLEN_set(sv, n); \
1318 SvPV_set((sv), (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,char) \
1319 (char*)saferealloc((Malloc_t)SvPVX(sv), \
1320 (MEM_SIZE)((n))))); \
1323 #define SvPV_shrink_to_cur(sv) STMT_START { \
1324 const STRLEN _lEnGtH = SvCUR(sv) + 1; \
1325 SvPV_renew(sv, _lEnGtH); \
1328 #define SvPV_free(sv) \
1330 assert(SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV); \
1332 assert(!SvROK(sv)); \
1335 SvOOK_offset(sv, zok); \
1336 SvPV_set(sv, SvPVX_mutable(sv) - zok); \
1337 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK; \
1339 Safefree(SvPVX(sv)); \
1344 /* Code that crops up in three places to take a scalar and ready it to hold
1346 # define prepare_SV_for_RV(sv) \
1348 if (SvTYPE(sv) < SVt_PV && SvTYPE(sv) != SVt_IV) \
1349 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_IV); \
1350 else if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV) { \
1359 # define BmFLAGS(sv) (SvTAIL(sv) ? FBMcf_TAIL : 0)
1362 #if defined (DEBUGGING) && defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1363 # define BmRARE(sv) \
1364 (*({ SV *const _bmrare = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1365 assert(SvTYPE(_bmrare) == SVt_PVMG); \
1366 assert(SvVALID(_bmrare)); \
1367 &(((XPVMG*) SvANY(_bmrare))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_rare); \
1369 # define BmUSEFUL(sv) \
1370 (*({ SV *const _bmuseful = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1371 assert(SvTYPE(_bmuseful) == SVt_PVMG); \
1372 assert(SvVALID(_bmuseful)); \
1373 assert(!SvIOK(_bmuseful)); \
1374 &(((XPVMG*) SvANY(_bmuseful))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_useful); \
1376 # define BmPREVIOUS(sv) \
1377 (*({ SV *const _bmprevious = MUTABLE_SV(sv); \
1378 assert(SvTYPE(_bmprevious) == SVt_PVMG); \
1379 assert(SvVALID(_bmprevious)); \
1380 &(((XPVMG*) SvANY(_bmprevious))->xiv_u.xivu_uv); \
1383 # define BmRARE(sv) ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_rare
1384 # define BmUSEFUL(sv) ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xnv_u.xbm_s.xbm_useful
1385 # define BmPREVIOUS(sv) ((XPVMG*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_u.xivu_uv
1389 #define FmLINES(sv) ((XPVIV*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_iv
1391 #define LvTYPE(sv) ((XPVLV*) SvANY(sv))->xlv_type
1392 #define LvTARG(sv) ((XPVLV*) SvANY(sv))->xlv_targ
1393 #define LvTARGOFF(sv) ((XPVLV*) SvANY(sv))->xlv_targoff
1394 #define LvTARGLEN(sv) ((XPVLV*) SvANY(sv))->xlv_targlen
1395 #define LvFLAGS(sv) ((XPVLV*) SvANY(sv))->xlv_flags
1397 #define IoIFP(sv) (sv)->sv_u.svu_fp
1398 #define IoOFP(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_ofp
1399 #define IoDIRP(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_dirp
1400 #define IoANY(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_any
1401 #define IoLINES(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xiv_u.xivu_iv
1402 #define IoPAGE(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_page
1403 #define IoPAGE_LEN(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_page_len
1404 #define IoLINES_LEFT(sv)((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_lines_left
1405 #define IoTOP_NAME(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_top_name
1406 #define IoTOP_GV(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_top_gv
1407 #define IoFMT_NAME(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_fmt_name
1408 #define IoFMT_GV(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_fmt_gv
1409 #define IoBOTTOM_NAME(sv)((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_bottom_name
1410 #define IoBOTTOM_GV(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_bottom_gv
1411 #define IoTYPE(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_type
1412 #define IoFLAGS(sv) ((XPVIO*) SvANY(sv))->xio_flags
1414 /* IoTYPE(sv) is a single character telling the type of I/O connection. */
1415 #define IoTYPE_RDONLY '<'
1416 #define IoTYPE_WRONLY '>'
1417 #define IoTYPE_RDWR '+'
1418 #define IoTYPE_APPEND 'a'
1419 #define IoTYPE_PIPE '|'
1420 #define IoTYPE_STD '-' /* stdin or stdout */
1421 #define IoTYPE_SOCKET 's'
1422 #define IoTYPE_CLOSED ' '
1423 #define IoTYPE_IMPLICIT 'I' /* stdin or stdout or stderr */
1424 #define IoTYPE_NUMERIC '#' /* fdopen */
1427 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvTAINTED|SV* sv
1428 Checks to see if an SV is tainted. Returns TRUE if it is, FALSE if
1431 =for apidoc Am|void|SvTAINTED_on|SV* sv
1432 Marks an SV as tainted if tainting is enabled.
1434 =for apidoc Am|void|SvTAINTED_off|SV* sv
1435 Untaints an SV. Be I<very> careful with this routine, as it short-circuits
1436 some of Perl's fundamental security features. XS module authors should not
1437 use this function unless they fully understand all the implications of
1438 unconditionally untainting the value. Untainting should be done in the
1439 standard perl fashion, via a carefully crafted regexp, rather than directly
1440 untainting variables.
1442 =for apidoc Am|void|SvTAINT|SV* sv
1443 Taints an SV if tainting is enabled, and if some input to the current
1444 expression is tainted--usually a variable, but possibly also implicit
1445 inputs such as locale settings. C<SvTAINT> propagates that taintedness to
1446 the outputs of an expression in a pessimistic fashion; i.e., without paying
1447 attention to precisely which outputs are influenced by which inputs.
1452 #define sv_taint(sv) sv_magic((sv), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_taint, NULL, 0)
1454 #if NO_TAINT_SUPPORT
1455 # define SvTAINTED(sv) 0
1457 # define SvTAINTED(sv) (SvMAGICAL(sv) && sv_tainted(sv))
1459 #define SvTAINTED_on(sv) STMT_START{ if(TAINTING_get){sv_taint(sv);} }STMT_END
1460 #define SvTAINTED_off(sv) STMT_START{ if(TAINTING_get){sv_untaint(sv);} }STMT_END
1462 #define SvTAINT(sv) \
1464 if (TAINTING_get) { \
1471 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1472 Like C<SvPV> but will force the SV into containing a string (C<SvPOK>), and
1473 only a string (C<SvPOK_only>), by hook or by crook. You need force if you are
1474 going to update the C<SvPVX> directly. Processes get magic.
1476 Note that coercing an arbitrary scalar into a plain PV will potentially
1477 strip useful data from it. For example if the SV was C<SvROK>, then the
1478 referent will have its reference count decremented, and the SV itself may
1479 be converted to an C<SvPOK> scalar with a string buffer containing a value
1480 such as C<"ARRAY(0x1234)">.
1482 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_force_nomg|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1483 Like C<SvPV_force>, but doesn't process get magic.
1485 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1486 Returns a pointer to the string in the SV, or a stringified form of
1487 the SV if the SV does not contain a string. The SV may cache the
1488 stringified version becoming C<SvPOK>. Handles 'get' magic. See also
1489 C<SvPVx> for a version which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1491 Note that there is no guarantee that the return value of C<SvPV()> is
1492 equal to C<SvPVX(sv)>, or that C<SvPVX(sv)> contains valid data, or that
1493 successive calls to C<SvPV(sv)) will return the same pointer value each
1494 time. This is due to the way that things like overloading and
1495 Copy-On-Write are handled. In these cases, the return value may point to
1496 a temporary buffer or similar. If you absolutely need the SvPVX field to
1497 be valid (for example, if you intend to write to it), then see
1500 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVx|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1501 A version of C<SvPV> which guarantees to evaluate C<sv> only once.
1502 Only use this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects, otherwise use the
1503 more efficient C<SvPV>.
1505 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_nomg|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1506 Like C<SvPV> but doesn't process magic.
1508 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_nolen|SV* sv
1509 Like C<SvPV> but doesn't set a length variable.
1511 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPV_nomg_nolen|SV* sv
1512 Like C<SvPV_nolen> but doesn't process magic.
1514 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIV|SV* sv
1515 Coerces the given SV to an integer and returns it. See C<SvIVx> for a
1516 version which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1518 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIV_nomg|SV* sv
1519 Like C<SvIV> but doesn't process magic.
1521 =for apidoc Am|IV|SvIVx|SV* sv
1522 Coerces the given SV to an integer and returns it.
1523 Guarantees to evaluate C<sv> only once. Only use
1524 this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects,
1525 otherwise use the more efficient C<SvIV>.
1527 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNV|SV* sv
1528 Coerce the given SV to a double and return it. See C<SvNVx> for a version
1529 which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1531 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNV_nomg|SV* sv
1532 Like C<SvNV> but doesn't process magic.
1534 =for apidoc Am|NV|SvNVx|SV* sv
1535 Coerces the given SV to a double and returns it.
1536 Guarantees to evaluate C<sv> only once. Only use
1537 this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects,
1538 otherwise use the more efficient C<SvNV>.
1540 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUV|SV* sv
1541 Coerces the given SV to an unsigned integer and returns it. See C<SvUVx>
1542 for a version which guarantees to evaluate sv only once.
1544 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUV_nomg|SV* sv
1545 Like C<SvUV> but doesn't process magic.
1547 =for apidoc Am|UV|SvUVx|SV* sv
1548 Coerces the given SV to an unsigned integer and
1549 returns it. Guarantees to evaluate C<sv> only once. Only
1550 use this if C<sv> is an expression with side effects,
1551 otherwise use the more efficient C<SvUV>.
1553 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvTRUE|SV* sv
1554 Returns a boolean indicating whether Perl would evaluate the SV as true or
1555 false. See SvOK() for a defined/undefined test. Handles 'get' magic
1556 unless the scalar is already SvPOK, SvIOK or SvNOK (the public, not the
1559 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvTRUE_nomg|SV* sv
1560 Returns a boolean indicating whether Perl would evaluate the SV as true or
1561 false. See SvOK() for a defined/undefined test. Does not handle 'get' magic.
1563 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1564 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1566 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1567 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1569 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8_nolen|SV* sv
1570 Like C<SvPV_nolen>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1572 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbyte_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1573 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1575 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbyte|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1576 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1578 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbyte_nolen|SV* sv
1579 Like C<SvPV_nolen>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1581 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8x_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1582 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1583 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVutf8_force>
1586 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVutf8x|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1587 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to utf8 first if necessary.
1588 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVutf8>
1591 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbytex_force|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1592 Like C<SvPV_force>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1593 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVbyte_force>
1596 =for apidoc Am|char*|SvPVbytex|SV* sv|STRLEN len
1597 Like C<SvPV>, but converts sv to byte representation first if necessary.
1598 Guarantees to evaluate sv only once; use the more efficient C<SvPVbyte>
1601 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIsCOW|SV* sv
1602 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV is Copy-On-Write (either shared
1603 hash key scalars, or full Copy On Write scalars if 5.9.0 is configured for
1606 =for apidoc Am|bool|SvIsCOW_shared_hash|SV* sv
1607 Returns a boolean indicating whether the SV is Copy-On-Write shared hash key
1610 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpvn_nomg|SV* sv|const char* ptr|STRLEN len
1611 Like C<sv_catpvn> but doesn't process magic.
1613 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catpv_nomg|SV* sv|const char* ptr
1614 Like C<sv_catpv> but doesn't process magic.
1616 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_setsv_nomg|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
1617 Like C<sv_setsv> but doesn't process magic.
1619 =for apidoc Am|void|sv_catsv_nomg|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
1620 Like C<sv_catsv> but doesn't process magic.
1622 =for apidoc Amdb|STRLEN|sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg|NN SV *sv
1624 Like sv_utf8_upgrade, but doesn't do magic on C<sv>.
1629 /* Let us hope that bitmaps for UV and IV are the same */
1630 #define SvIV(sv) (SvIOK_nog(sv) ? SvIVX(sv) : sv_2iv(sv))
1631 #define SvUV(sv) (SvUOK_nog(sv) ? SvUVX(sv) : sv_2uv(sv))
1632 #define SvNV(sv) (SvNOK_nog(sv) ? SvNVX(sv) : sv_2nv(sv))
1634 #define SvIV_nomg(sv) (SvIOK(sv) ? SvIVX(sv) : sv_2iv_flags(sv, 0))
1635 #define SvUV_nomg(sv) (SvIOK(sv) ? SvUVX(sv) : sv_2uv_flags(sv, 0))
1636 #define SvNV_nomg(sv) (SvNOK(sv) ? SvNVX(sv) : sv_2nv_flags(sv, 0))
1640 #define SvPV(sv, lp) SvPV_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1641 #define SvPV_const(sv, lp) SvPV_flags_const(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1642 #define SvPV_mutable(sv, lp) SvPV_flags_mutable(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1644 #define SvPV_flags(sv, lp, flags) \
1646 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, &lp, flags))
1647 #define SvPV_flags_const(sv, lp, flags) \
1649 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX_const(sv)) : \
1650 (const char*) sv_2pv_flags(sv, &lp, flags|SV_CONST_RETURN))
1651 #define SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, flags) \
1653 ? SvPVX_const(sv) : \
1654 (const char*) sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, flags|SV_CONST_RETURN))
1655 #define SvPV_flags_mutable(sv, lp, flags) \
1657 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX_mutable(sv)) : \
1658 sv_2pv_flags(sv, &lp, flags|SV_MUTABLE_RETURN))
1660 #define SvPV_force(sv, lp) SvPV_force_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1661 #define SvPV_force_nolen(sv) SvPV_force_flags_nolen(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1662 #define SvPV_force_mutable(sv, lp) SvPV_force_flags_mutable(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1664 #define SvPV_force_nomg(sv, lp) SvPV_force_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1665 #define SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv) SvPV_force_flags_nolen(sv, 0)
1667 #define SvPV_force_flags(sv, lp, flags) \
1668 (SvPOK_pure_nogthink(sv) \
1669 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, &lp, flags))
1671 #define SvPV_force_flags_nolen(sv, flags) \
1672 (SvPOK_pure_nogthink(sv) \
1673 ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, 0, flags))
1675 #define SvPV_force_flags_mutable(sv, lp, flags) \
1676 (SvPOK_pure_nogthink(sv) \
1677 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX_mutable(sv)) \
1678 : sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, &lp, flags|SV_MUTABLE_RETURN))
1680 #define SvPV_nolen(sv) \
1682 ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, SV_GMAGIC))
1684 #define SvPV_nomg_nolen(sv) \
1686 ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, 0))
1688 #define SvPV_nolen_const(sv) \
1690 ? SvPVX_const(sv) : sv_2pv_flags(sv, 0, SV_GMAGIC|SV_CONST_RETURN))
1692 #define SvPV_nomg(sv, lp) SvPV_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1693 #define SvPV_nomg_const(sv, lp) SvPV_flags_const(sv, lp, 0)
1694 #define SvPV_nomg_const_nolen(sv) SvPV_flags_const_nolen(sv, 0)
1698 #define SvPVutf8(sv, lp) \
1699 (SvPOK_utf8_nog(sv) \
1700 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_2pvutf8(sv, &lp))
1702 #define SvPVutf8_force(sv, lp) \
1703 (SvPOK_utf8_pure_nogthink(sv) \
1704 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_pvutf8n_force(sv, &lp))
1706 #define SvPVutf8_nolen(sv) \
1707 (SvPOK_utf8_nog(sv) \
1708 ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pvutf8(sv, 0))
1712 #define SvPVbyte(sv, lp) \
1713 (SvPOK_byte_nog(sv) \
1714 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_2pvbyte(sv, &lp))
1716 #define SvPVbyte_force(sv, lp) \
1717 (SvPOK_byte_pure_nogthink(sv) \
1718 ? ((lp = SvCUR(sv)), SvPVX(sv)) : sv_pvbyten_force(sv, &lp))
1720 #define SvPVbyte_nolen(sv) \
1721 (SvPOK_byte_nog(sv) \
1722 ? SvPVX(sv) : sv_2pvbyte(sv, 0))
1725 /* define FOOx(): idempotent versions of FOO(). If possible, use a local
1726 * var to evaluate the arg once; failing that, use a global if possible;
1727 * failing that, call a function to do the work
1730 #define SvPVx_force(sv, lp) sv_pvn_force(sv, &lp)
1731 #define SvPVutf8x_force(sv, lp) sv_pvutf8n_force(sv, &lp)
1732 #define SvPVbytex_force(sv, lp) sv_pvbyten_force(sv, &lp)
1734 #define SvTRUE(sv) ((sv) && (SvGMAGICAL(sv) ? sv_2bool(sv) : SvTRUE_common(sv, sv_2bool_nomg(sv))))
1735 #define SvTRUE_nomg(sv) ((sv) && ( SvTRUE_common(sv, sv_2bool_nomg(sv))))
1736 #define SvTRUE_NN(sv) (SvGMAGICAL(sv) ? sv_2bool(sv) : SvTRUE_common(sv, sv_2bool_nomg(sv)))
1737 #define SvTRUE_nomg_NN(sv) ( SvTRUE_common(sv, sv_2bool_nomg(sv)))
1738 #define SvTRUE_common(sv,fallback) ( \
1743 : (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK)) \
1744 ? ( (SvIOK(sv) && SvIVX(sv) != 0) \
1745 || (SvNOK(sv) && SvNVX(sv) != 0.0)) \
1748 #if defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(PERL_GCC_BRACE_GROUPS_FORBIDDEN)
1750 # define SvIVx(sv) ({SV *_sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); SvIV(_sv); })
1751 # define SvUVx(sv) ({SV *_sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); SvUV(_sv); })
1752 # define SvNVx(sv) ({SV *_sv = MUTABLE_SV(sv); SvNV(_sv); })
1753 # define SvPVx(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV(_sv, lp); })
1754 # define SvPVx_const(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV_const(_sv, lp); })
1755 # define SvPVx_nolen(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV_nolen(_sv); })
1756 # define SvPVx_nolen_const(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPV_nolen_const(_sv); })
1757 # define SvPVutf8x(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPVutf8(_sv, lp); })
1758 # define SvPVbytex(sv, lp) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPVbyte(_sv, lp); })
1759 # define SvPVbytex_nolen(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvPVbyte_nolen(_sv); })
1760 # define SvTRUEx(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvTRUE(_sv); })
1761 # define SvTRUEx_nomg(sv) ({SV *_sv = (sv); SvTRUE_nomg(_sv); })
1763 #else /* __GNUC__ */
1765 /* These inlined macros use globals, which will require a thread
1766 * declaration in user code, so we avoid them under threads */
1768 # define SvIVx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvIV(PL_Sv))
1769 # define SvUVx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvUV(PL_Sv))
1770 # define SvNVx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvNV(PL_Sv))
1771 # define SvPVx(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV(PL_Sv, lp))
1772 # define SvPVx_const(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV_const(PL_Sv, lp))
1773 # define SvPVx_nolen(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV_nolen(PL_Sv))
1774 # define SvPVx_nolen_const(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPV_nolen_const(PL_Sv))
1775 # define SvPVutf8x(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPVutf8(PL_Sv, lp))
1776 # define SvPVbytex(sv, lp) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPVbyte(PL_Sv, lp))
1777 # define SvPVbytex_nolen(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvPVbyte_nolen(PL_Sv))
1778 # define SvTRUEx(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvTRUE(PL_Sv))
1779 # define SvTRUEx_nomg(sv) ((PL_Sv = (sv)), SvTRUE_nomg(PL_Sv))
1780 #endif /* __GNU__ */
1782 #define SvPVXtrue(sv) ( \
1783 ((XPV*)SvANY((sv))) \
1785 ((XPV*)SvANY((sv)))->xpv_cur > 1 \
1787 ((XPV*)SvANY((sv)))->xpv_cur \
1788 && *(sv)->sv_u.svu_pv != '0' \
1793 #define SvIsCOW(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) & SVf_IsCOW)
1794 #define SvIsCOW_on(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVf_IsCOW)
1795 #define SvIsCOW_off(sv) (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_IsCOW)
1796 #define SvIsCOW_shared_hash(sv) (SvIsCOW(sv) && SvLEN(sv) == 0)
1798 #define SvSHARED_HEK_FROM_PV(pvx) \
1799 ((struct hek*)(pvx - STRUCT_OFFSET(struct hek, hek_key)))
1800 #define SvSHARED_HASH(sv) (0 + SvSHARED_HEK_FROM_PV(SvPVX_const(sv))->hek_hash)
1802 /* flag values for sv_*_flags functions */
1803 #define SV_IMMEDIATE_UNREF 1
1805 #define SV_COW_DROP_PV 4
1806 #define SV_UTF8_NO_ENCODING 8
1807 #define SV_NOSTEAL 16
1808 #define SV_CONST_RETURN 32
1809 #define SV_MUTABLE_RETURN 64
1810 #define SV_SMAGIC 128
1811 #define SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL 256
1812 #define SV_COW_SHARED_HASH_KEYS 512
1813 /* This one is only enabled for PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE */
1814 #define SV_COW_OTHER_PVS 1024
1815 /* Make sv_2pv_flags return NULL if something is undefined. */
1816 #define SV_UNDEF_RETURNS_NULL 2048
1817 /* Tell sv_utf8_upgrade() to not check to see if an upgrade is really needed.
1818 * This is used when the caller has already determined it is, and avoids
1820 #define SV_FORCE_UTF8_UPGRADE 4096
1821 /* if (after resolving magic etc), the SV is found to be overloaded,
1822 * don't call the overload magic, just return as-is */
1823 #define SV_SKIP_OVERLOAD 8192
1824 /* It is not yet clear whether we want this as an API, or what the
1825 * constants should be named. */
1827 # define SV_CATBYTES 16384
1828 # define SV_CATUTF8 32768
1831 /* The core is safe for this COW optimisation. XS code on CPAN may not be.
1832 So only default to doing the COW setup if we're in the core.
1835 # ifndef SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV
1836 # define SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV SV_COW_SHARED_HASH_KEYS|SV_COW_OTHER_PVS
1840 #ifndef SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV
1841 # define SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV 0
1845 #define sv_unref(sv) sv_unref_flags(sv, 0)
1846 #define sv_force_normal(sv) sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0)
1847 #define sv_usepvn(sv, p, l) sv_usepvn_flags(sv, p, l, 0)
1848 #define sv_usepvn_mg(sv, p, l) sv_usepvn_flags(sv, p, l, SV_SMAGIC)
1850 /* We are about to replace the SV's current value. So if it's copy on write
1851 we need to normalise it. Use the SV_COW_DROP_PV flag hint to say that
1852 the value is about to get thrown away, so drop the PV rather than go to
1853 the effort of making a read-write copy only for it to get immediately
1856 #define SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(sv) if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) \
1857 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, SV_COW_DROP_PV)
1859 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1860 #define SvRELEASE_IVX(sv) \
1861 ((SvIsCOW(sv) ? sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0) : (void) 0), 0)
1862 # define SvIsCOW_normal(sv) (SvIsCOW(sv) && SvLEN(sv))
1863 # define SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv) SvRELEASE_IVX(sv),
1864 # define SvCANCOW(sv) \
1865 (SvIsCOW(sv) || (SvFLAGS(sv) & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS)
1866 /* This is a pessimistic view. Scalar must be purely a read-write PV to copy-
1868 # define CAN_COW_MASK (SVs_OBJECT|SVs_GMG|SVs_SMG|SVs_RMG|SVf_IOK|SVf_NOK| \
1869 SVf_POK|SVf_ROK|SVp_IOK|SVp_NOK|SVp_POK|SVf_FAKE| \
1870 SVf_OOK|SVf_BREAK|SVf_READONLY)
1872 # define SvRELEASE_IVX(sv) 0
1873 /* This little game brought to you by the need to shut this warning up:
1874 mg.c: In function 'Perl_magic_get':
1875 mg.c:1024: warning: left-hand operand of comma expression has no effect
1877 # define SvRELEASE_IVX_(sv) /**/
1878 # ifdef PERL_NEW_COPY_ON_WRITE
1879 # define SvCANCOW(sv) \
1881 ? SvLEN(sv) ? CowREFCNT(sv) != SV_COW_REFCNT_MAX : 1 \
1882 : (SvFLAGS(sv) & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS \
1883 && SvCUR(sv)+1 < SvLEN(sv))
1884 /* Note: To allow 256 COW "copies", a refcnt of 0 means 1. */
1885 # define CowREFCNT(sv) (*(U8 *)(SvPVX(sv)+SvLEN(sv)-1))
1886 # define SV_COW_REFCNT_MAX ((1 << sizeof(U8)*8) - 1)
1887 # ifndef SV_COW_THRESHOLD
1888 # define SV_COW_THRESHOLD 0 /* min string length for cow */
1890 # ifndef SV_COWBUF_THRESHOLD
1891 # define SV_COWBUF_THRESHOLD 1250 /* min string length for cow */
1892 # endif /* over existing buffer */
1893 # define CAN_COW_MASK (SVf_POK|SVf_ROK|SVp_POK|SVf_FAKE| \
1894 SVf_OOK|SVf_BREAK|SVf_READONLY)
1896 #endif /* PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE */
1898 #define CAN_COW_FLAGS (SVp_POK|SVf_POK)
1900 #define SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST(sv) if (SvTHINKFIRST(sv)) \
1901 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0)
1904 /* all these 'functions' are now just macros */
1906 #define sv_pv(sv) SvPV_nolen(sv)
1907 #define sv_pvutf8(sv) SvPVutf8_nolen(sv)
1908 #define sv_pvbyte(sv) SvPVbyte_nolen(sv)
1910 #define sv_pvn_force_nomg(sv, lp) sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1911 #define sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, flags) sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(sv, flags, 0)
1912 #define sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(sv) sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, 0)
1913 #define sv_catpvn_nomg(dsv, sstr, slen) sv_catpvn_flags(dsv, sstr, slen, 0)
1914 #define sv_catpv_nomg(dsv, sstr) sv_catpv_flags(dsv, sstr, 0)
1915 #define sv_setsv(dsv, ssv) \
1916 sv_setsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC|SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV)
1917 #define sv_setsv_nomg(dsv, ssv) sv_setsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV)
1918 #define sv_catsv(dsv, ssv) sv_catsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC)
1919 #define sv_catsv_nomg(dsv, ssv) sv_catsv_flags(dsv, ssv, 0)
1920 #define sv_catsv_mg(dsv, ssv) sv_catsv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC|SV_SMAGIC)
1921 #define sv_catpvn(dsv, sstr, slen) sv_catpvn_flags(dsv, sstr, slen, SV_GMAGIC)
1922 #define sv_catpvn_mg(sv, sstr, slen) sv_catpvn_flags(sv, sstr, slen, SV_GMAGIC|SV_SMAGIC);
1923 #define sv_copypv(dsv, ssv) sv_copypv_flags(dsv, ssv, SV_GMAGIC)
1924 #define sv_copypv_nomg(dsv, ssv) sv_copypv_flags(dsv, ssv, 0)
1925 #define sv_2pv(sv, lp) sv_2pv_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1926 #define sv_2pv_nolen(sv) sv_2pv(sv, 0)
1927 #define sv_2pvbyte_nolen(sv) sv_2pvbyte(sv, 0)
1928 #define sv_2pvutf8_nolen(sv) sv_2pvutf8(sv, 0)
1929 #define sv_2pv_nomg(sv, lp) sv_2pv_flags(sv, lp, 0)
1930 #define sv_pvn_force(sv, lp) sv_pvn_force_flags(sv, lp, SV_GMAGIC)
1931 #define sv_utf8_upgrade(sv) sv_utf8_upgrade_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1932 #define sv_2iv(sv) sv_2iv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1933 #define sv_2uv(sv) sv_2uv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1934 #define sv_2nv(sv) sv_2nv_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1935 #define sv_eq(sv1, sv2) sv_eq_flags(sv1, sv2, SV_GMAGIC)
1936 #define sv_cmp(sv1, sv2) sv_cmp_flags(sv1, sv2, SV_GMAGIC)
1937 #define sv_cmp_locale(sv1, sv2) sv_cmp_locale_flags(sv1, sv2, SV_GMAGIC)
1938 #define sv_collxfrm(sv, nxp) sv_cmp_flags(sv, nxp, SV_GMAGIC)
1939 #define sv_2bool(sv) sv_2bool_flags(sv, SV_GMAGIC)
1940 #define sv_2bool_nomg(sv) sv_2bool_flags(sv, 0)
1941 #define sv_insert(bigstr, offset, len, little, littlelen) \
1942 Perl_sv_insert_flags(aTHX_ (bigstr),(offset), (len), (little), \
1943 (littlelen), SV_GMAGIC)
1944 #define sv_mortalcopy(sv) \
1945 Perl_sv_mortalcopy_flags(aTHX_ sv, SV_GMAGIC|SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV)
1947 /* Should be named SvCatPVN_utf8_upgrade? */
1948 #define sv_catpvn_nomg_utf8_upgrade(dsv, sstr, slen, nsv) \
1951 nsv = newSVpvn_flags(sstr, slen, SVs_TEMP); \
1953 sv_setpvn(nsv, sstr, slen); \
1955 sv_utf8_upgrade(nsv); \
1956 sv_catsv_nomg(dsv, nsv); \
1958 #define sv_catpvn_nomg_maybeutf8(dsv, sstr, slen, is_utf8) \
1959 sv_catpvn_flags(dsv, sstr, slen, (is_utf8)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES)
1962 # define sv_or_pv_len_utf8(sv, pv, bytelen) \
1964 ? utf8_length((U8 *)(pv), (U8 *)(pv)+(bytelen)) \
1966 # define sv_or_pv_pos_u2b(sv,s,p,lp) S_sv_or_pv_pos_u2b(aTHX_ sv,s,p,lp)
1970 =for apidoc Am|SV*|newRV_inc|SV* sv
1972 Creates an RV wrapper for an SV. The reference count for the original SV is
1978 #define newRV_inc(sv) newRV(sv)
1980 /* the following macros update any magic values this sv is associated with */
1983 =head1 Magical Functions
1985 =for apidoc Am|void|SvGETMAGIC|SV* sv
1986 Invokes C<mg_get> on an SV if it has 'get' magic. For example, this
1987 will call C<FETCH> on a tied variable. This macro evaluates its
1988 argument more than once.
1990 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSETMAGIC|SV* sv
1991 Invokes C<mg_set> on an SV if it has 'set' magic. This is necessary
1992 after modifying a scalar, in case it is a magical variable like C<$|>
1993 or a tied variable (it calls C<STORE>). This macro evaluates its
1994 argument more than once.
1996 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetSV|SV* dsb|SV* ssv
1997 Calls C<sv_setsv> if dsv is not the same as ssv. May evaluate arguments
2000 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetSV_nosteal|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
2001 Calls a non-destructive version of C<sv_setsv> if dsv is not the same as
2002 ssv. May evaluate arguments more than once.
2004 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetMagicSV|SV* dsb|SV* ssv
2005 Like C<SvSetSV>, but does any set magic required afterwards.
2007 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSetMagicSV_nosteal|SV* dsv|SV* ssv
2008 Like C<SvSetSV_nosteal>, but does any set magic required afterwards.
2010 =for apidoc Am|void|SvSHARE|SV* sv
2011 Arranges for sv to be shared between threads if a suitable module
2014 =for apidoc Am|void|SvLOCK|SV* sv
2015 Arranges for a mutual exclusion lock to be obtained on sv if a suitable module
2018 =for apidoc Am|void|SvUNLOCK|SV* sv
2019 Releases a mutual exclusion lock on sv if a suitable module
2022 =head1 SV Manipulation Functions
2024 =for apidoc Am|char *|SvGROW|SV* sv|STRLEN len
2025 Expands the character buffer in the SV so that it has room for the
2026 indicated number of bytes (remember to reserve space for an extra trailing
2027 NUL character). Calls C<sv_grow> to perform the expansion if necessary.
2028 Returns a pointer to the character buffer. SV must be of type >= SVt_PV. One
2029 alternative is to call C<sv_grow> if you are not sure of the type of SV.
2034 #define SvSHARE(sv) PL_sharehook(aTHX_ sv)
2035 #define SvLOCK(sv) PL_lockhook(aTHX_ sv)
2036 #define SvUNLOCK(sv) PL_unlockhook(aTHX_ sv)
2037 #define SvDESTROYABLE(sv) PL_destroyhook(aTHX_ sv)
2039 #define SvGETMAGIC(x) ((void)(SvGMAGICAL(x) && mg_get(x)))
2040 #define SvSETMAGIC(x) STMT_START { if (SvSMAGICAL(x)) mg_set(x); } STMT_END
2042 #define SvSetSV_and(dst,src,finally) \
2044 if ((dst) != (src)) { \
2045 sv_setsv(dst, src); \
2049 #define SvSetSV_nosteal_and(dst,src,finally) \
2051 if ((dst) != (src)) { \
2052 sv_setsv_flags(dst, src, SV_GMAGIC | SV_NOSTEAL | SV_DO_COW_SVSETSV); \
2057 #define SvSetSV(dst,src) \
2058 SvSetSV_and(dst,src,/*nothing*/;)
2059 #define SvSetSV_nosteal(dst,src) \
2060 SvSetSV_nosteal_and(dst,src,/*nothing*/;)
2062 #define SvSetMagicSV(dst,src) \
2063 SvSetSV_and(dst,src,SvSETMAGIC(dst))
2064 #define SvSetMagicSV_nosteal(dst,src) \
2065 SvSetSV_nosteal_and(dst,src,SvSETMAGIC(dst))
2068 #if !defined(SKIP_DEBUGGING)
2069 #define SvPEEK(sv) sv_peek(sv)
2071 #define SvPEEK(sv) ""
2074 #define SvIMMORTAL(sv) (SvREADONLY(sv) && ((sv)==&PL_sv_undef || (sv)==&PL_sv_yes || (sv)==&PL_sv_no || (sv)==&PL_sv_placeholder))
2077 /* exercise the immortal resurrection code in sv_free2() */
2078 # define SvREFCNT_IMMORTAL 1000
2080 # define SvREFCNT_IMMORTAL ((~(U32)0)/2)
2084 =for apidoc Am|SV *|boolSV|bool b
2086 Returns a true SV if C<b> is a true value, or a false SV if C<b> is 0.
2088 See also C<PL_sv_yes> and C<PL_sv_no>.
2093 #define boolSV(b) ((b) ? &PL_sv_yes : &PL_sv_no)
2095 #define isGV(sv) (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV)
2096 /* If I give every macro argument a different name, then there won't be bugs
2097 where nested macros get confused. Been there, done that. */
2098 #define isGV_with_GP(pwadak) \
2099 (((SvFLAGS(pwadak) & (SVp_POK|SVpgv_GP)) == SVpgv_GP) \
2100 && (SvTYPE(pwadak) == SVt_PVGV || SvTYPE(pwadak) == SVt_PVLV))
2101 #define isGV_with_GP_on(sv) STMT_START { \
2102 assert (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV); \
2103 assert (!SvPOKp(sv)); \
2104 assert (!SvIOKp(sv)); \
2105 (SvFLAGS(sv) |= SVpgv_GP); \
2107 #define isGV_with_GP_off(sv) STMT_START { \
2108 assert (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVGV || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV); \
2109 assert (!SvPOKp(sv)); \
2110 assert (!SvIOKp(sv)); \
2111 (SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVpgv_GP); \
2113 #define isREGEXP(sv) \
2114 (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_REGEXP \
2115 || (SvFLAGS(sv) & (SVTYPEMASK|SVp_POK|SVpgv_GP|SVf_FAKE)) \
2116 == (SVt_PVLV|SVf_FAKE))
2119 #ifdef PERL_NEW_COPY_ON_WRITE
2120 # define SvGROW(sv,len) \
2121 (SvIsCOW(sv) || SvLEN(sv) < (len) ? sv_grow(sv,len) : SvPVX(sv))
2123 # define SvGROW(sv,len) (SvLEN(sv) < (len) ? sv_grow(sv,len) : SvPVX(sv))
2125 #define SvGROW_mutable(sv,len) \
2126 (SvLEN(sv) < (len) ? sv_grow(sv,len) : SvPVX_mutable(sv))
2127 #define Sv_Grow sv_grow
2129 #define CLONEf_COPY_STACKS 1
2130 #define CLONEf_KEEP_PTR_TABLE 2
2131 #define CLONEf_CLONE_HOST 4
2132 #define CLONEf_JOIN_IN 8
2134 struct clone_params {
2137 PerlInterpreter *proto_perl;
2138 PerlInterpreter *new_perl;
2143 =for apidoc Am|SV*|newSVpvn_utf8|NULLOK const char* s|STRLEN len|U32 utf8
2145 Creates a new SV and copies a string into it. If utf8 is true, calls
2146 C<SvUTF8_on> on the new SV. Implemented as a wrapper around C<newSVpvn_flags>.
2151 #define newSVpvn_utf8(s, len, u) newSVpvn_flags((s), (len), (u) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0)
2154 =for apidoc Amx|SV*|newSVpadname|PADNAME *pn
2156 Creates a new SV containing the pad name. This is currently identical
2157 to C<newSVsv>, but pad names may cease being SVs at some point, so
2158 C<newSVpadname> is preferable.
2163 #define newSVpadname(pn) newSVsv(pn)
2166 =for apidoc Am|void|SvOOK_offset|NN SV*sv|STRLEN len
2168 Reads into I<len> the offset from SvPVX back to the true start of the
2169 allocated buffer, which will be non-zero if C<sv_chop> has been used to
2170 efficiently remove characters from start of the buffer. Implemented as a
2171 macro, which takes the address of I<len>, which must be of type C<STRLEN>.
2172 Evaluates I<sv> more than once. Sets I<len> to 0 if C<SvOOK(sv)> is false.
2178 /* Does the bot know something I don't?
2179 10:28 <@Nicholas> metabatman
2180 10:28 <+meta> Nicholas: crash
2182 # define SvOOK_offset(sv, offset) STMT_START { \
2183 assert(sizeof(offset) == sizeof(STRLEN)); \
2185 const U8 *_crash = (U8*)SvPVX_const(sv); \
2186 (offset) = *--_crash; \
2188 _crash -= sizeof(STRLEN); \
2189 Copy(_crash, (U8 *)&(offset), sizeof(STRLEN), U8); \
2192 /* Validate the preceding buffer's sentinels to \
2193 verify that no-one is using it. */ \
2194 const U8 *const _bonk = (U8*)SvPVX_const(sv) - (offset);\
2195 while (_crash > _bonk) { \
2197 assert (*_crash == (U8)PTR2UV(_crash)); \
2205 /* This is the same code, but avoids using any temporary variables: */
2206 # define SvOOK_offset(sv, offset) STMT_START { \
2207 assert(sizeof(offset) == sizeof(STRLEN)); \
2209 (offset) = ((U8*)SvPVX_const(sv))[-1]; \
2211 Copy(SvPVX_const(sv) - 1 - sizeof(STRLEN), \
2212 (U8*)&(offset), sizeof(STRLEN), U8); \
2220 #define newIO() MUTABLE_IO(newSV_type(SVt_PVIO))
2224 * c-indentation-style: bsd
2226 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
2229 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: