3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
25 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
26 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
27 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
29 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
30 Perl stores its global variables.
42 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
43 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
46 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
53 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
54 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
58 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
60 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
61 * this is a dirhandle.
63 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
64 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
65 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
68 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
70 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
71 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
74 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
75 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
76 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
77 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
78 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
79 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
93 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
95 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
96 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
100 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
155 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
156 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
157 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
161 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
166 const char *const file
167 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
168 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
170 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
174 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
177 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
178 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
185 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
189 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
190 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
193 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
194 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
196 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
203 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
204 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
207 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
209 GV * const oldgv = CvGV(cv);
210 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
221 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
225 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv = gv;
226 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
231 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
232 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
235 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
239 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
242 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
244 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
245 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
249 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
250 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
252 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
256 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
258 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
259 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
260 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
261 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
262 for perl's internal use.
264 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
266 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
268 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
269 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
270 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
271 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
272 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
274 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
275 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
276 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
277 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
281 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
282 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
283 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
285 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
287 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
288 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
290 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
292 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
293 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
299 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
303 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
304 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
307 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
311 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
313 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
314 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
318 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
321 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
322 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
323 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
324 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
326 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
327 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
328 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
329 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
331 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
332 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
335 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
336 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
342 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
343 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
351 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
352 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
354 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
362 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
367 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
370 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
371 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
372 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
373 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
377 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
378 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
379 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
381 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
382 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
383 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
384 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
385 from a reference to CV. */
386 if (exported_constant)
387 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
388 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
393 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
394 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
395 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
401 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
403 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
415 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
423 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
424 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
431 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
434 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
435 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
437 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
438 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
439 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
442 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
443 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
444 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
445 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
450 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
451 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
452 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
453 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
454 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
455 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp: case KEY_CORE :
456 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
457 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
458 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
459 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
460 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
461 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
462 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
463 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
464 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
465 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
466 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
467 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
468 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
469 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
470 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
471 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
474 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
475 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
481 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
484 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
491 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
496 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
497 oldparser = PL_parser;
498 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
499 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
500 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
502 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
506 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
508 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
511 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv));
513 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
515 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
517 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
518 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
519 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
520 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
521 it this order as we need an op number before calling
523 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
525 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
529 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
534 : newSVpvn(name,len),
539 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv);
540 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
541 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
542 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
544 PL_parser = oldparser;
545 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
546 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
548 opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
550 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
552 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
557 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
559 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
561 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
563 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
564 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
570 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
574 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
575 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
578 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
582 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
584 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
585 instead of a string/length pair.
591 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
593 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
594 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
598 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
600 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
601 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
602 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
604 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
605 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
606 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
607 up caching info for this glob.
609 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
611 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
612 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
613 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
614 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
615 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
620 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
623 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
631 GV* candidate = NULL;
635 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
639 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
641 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
643 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
645 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
646 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
652 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
654 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
659 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
661 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
663 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
664 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, create);
669 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
670 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
671 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
672 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
673 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
677 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
678 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
679 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
684 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
685 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
688 else if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
689 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
690 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
694 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
695 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
698 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen,
699 GV_ADD | (HvNAMEUTF8(stash) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
700 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
703 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
706 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
707 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
709 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
711 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
714 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
715 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
717 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
723 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
725 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
726 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
727 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
729 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
735 else candidate = *gvp;
738 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
739 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
740 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
742 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
743 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
744 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
746 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
747 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
748 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
749 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
750 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
751 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
757 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
758 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
759 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags);
761 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
762 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
763 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
764 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
765 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
766 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
767 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
773 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
774 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
775 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
782 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
784 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
787 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
789 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
790 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
796 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
800 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
801 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
804 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
808 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
810 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
811 instead of a string/length pair.
817 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
819 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
820 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
824 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
826 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
827 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
829 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
830 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
831 of the result may be zero.
833 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
839 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
841 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
843 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
850 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
851 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
853 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
856 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
858 /* Have an autoload */
859 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
860 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
861 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
862 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
871 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
873 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
874 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
875 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
878 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
879 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
880 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
881 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
882 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
884 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
885 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
886 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
887 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
888 created via a side effect to do this.
890 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
891 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
892 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
893 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
899 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen, U32 flags)
906 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
908 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, flags);
909 if(stash) return stash;
911 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
912 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
913 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
914 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD | flags);
915 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
917 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
918 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
920 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(superisa), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
921 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
922 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
928 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
930 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
932 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
936 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
940 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
941 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
944 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
948 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
950 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
951 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
954 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
957 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
960 register const char *nend;
961 const char *nsplit = NULL;
964 const char * const origname = name;
965 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
966 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
967 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
968 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
970 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
972 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
975 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
976 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
977 the error reporting code. */
980 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
985 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
991 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
992 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
993 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
995 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK((HV*)CopSTASH(PL_curcop)))
997 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
998 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), SvUTF8(tmpstr));
999 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1000 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
1003 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1004 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1006 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
1007 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
1008 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1009 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
1010 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8))
1011 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname, flags);
1016 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1018 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1019 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1021 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1022 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1024 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1025 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1028 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1029 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1030 * require it first instead of croaking */
1031 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1032 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1033 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1034 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1035 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1037 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1038 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1043 "Can't locate object method \"%"SVf
1044 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1045 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, nend - name,
1046 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)),
1047 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1053 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1054 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1056 packnamesv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(error_report));
1060 "Can't locate object method \"%"SVf"\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1061 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1062 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, nend - name,
1063 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)),
1064 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1068 else if (autoload) {
1069 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1070 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1078 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1081 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1082 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1083 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1084 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1094 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1098 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1099 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1102 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1106 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1108 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1109 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1113 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1121 SV *packname = NULL;
1122 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1124 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1126 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1129 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1130 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1131 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1132 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1133 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1137 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1139 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, is_utf8)))
1143 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1147 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1150 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1151 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1153 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1154 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf"::%"SVf"() is deprecated",
1156 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)));
1159 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1160 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1161 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1163 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1164 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1165 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1166 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1167 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1170 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1171 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1172 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1173 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1174 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1175 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1176 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1178 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1179 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1181 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1182 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1183 SV *tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1185 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1188 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1189 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1190 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1192 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1194 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1195 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1197 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpsv);
1198 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1202 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1206 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1212 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1213 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1214 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1215 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1217 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1218 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1222 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1223 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1224 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1228 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1229 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1230 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1231 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1232 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1233 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1234 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1237 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1245 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1246 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1248 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1249 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1250 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1251 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1252 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1253 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1254 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1255 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1258 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1261 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1263 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1265 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1266 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1267 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1268 so save it. For the moment it's always
1270 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1275 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1276 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1280 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1282 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1283 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1284 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1285 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1286 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1288 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
1293 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1295 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1296 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1302 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1304 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1305 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1309 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1311 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1312 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1313 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1314 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1315 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1323 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1329 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1331 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1333 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1336 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1337 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1338 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1339 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1340 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1341 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1345 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1346 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1348 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1349 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1351 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1352 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1353 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1354 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1355 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1361 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1363 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1369 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1372 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
1374 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1376 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags | SvUTF8(sv));
1381 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1382 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1383 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1387 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1389 const char * const nambeg =
1390 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1391 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1392 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1396 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1400 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1404 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1409 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
1410 const svtype sv_type)
1413 register const char *name = nambeg;
1414 register GV *gv = NULL;
1417 register const char *name_cursor;
1419 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
1420 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
1421 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
1422 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1423 bool addmg = !!(flags & GV_ADDMG);
1424 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1425 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1428 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
1430 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
1431 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
1436 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1437 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1441 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1442 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1443 ((*name_cursor == ':'
1444 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1445 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1448 stash = PL_defstash;
1449 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1452 len = name_cursor - name;
1453 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1455 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1460 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
1461 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
1462 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
1463 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
1466 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, key, is_utf8 ? -len : len, add);
1467 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1468 if (gv && gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1469 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1470 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, key, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1476 if (!gv || gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1479 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
1481 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
1482 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1483 if (GvSTASH(gv) == PL_defstash && len == 6
1484 && strnEQ(name, "CORE", 4))
1485 hv_name_set(stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1488 stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1490 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1491 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1492 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(gv))->xhv_name_count)
1493 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, gv, 1);
1496 else if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
1497 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1500 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1502 name = name_cursor+1;
1503 if (name == name_end)
1505 ? gv : MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1508 len = name_cursor - name;
1510 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1514 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1515 bool global = FALSE;
1523 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1524 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1525 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1529 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1534 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1535 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1539 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1540 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1541 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1545 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1546 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1553 stash = PL_defstash;
1554 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1555 stash = PL_curstash;
1556 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1557 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1558 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1559 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1560 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1561 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1562 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1564 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,0);
1566 *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1567 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1571 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1572 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1573 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1575 SV* namesv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1576 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1578 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1579 "Variable \"%c%"SVf"\" is not imported",
1580 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1581 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1585 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1586 "\t(Did you mean &%"SVf" instead?)\n", SVfARG(namesv)
1593 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1596 stash = PL_defstash;
1599 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1603 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1604 "Global symbol \"%s%"SVf"\" requires explicit package name",
1605 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1606 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1607 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1608 : ""), SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)));
1610 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1613 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1615 /* symbol table under destruction */
1624 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1627 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,add);
1628 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1629 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
1632 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
1633 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
1636 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1639 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
1640 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
1641 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
1643 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1644 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1645 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1647 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
1649 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1650 else if (*name == '&' || *name == '`' || *name == '\'') {
1651 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1656 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
1657 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
1658 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
1659 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1662 } else if (no_init) {
1665 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1670 /* Adding a new symbol.
1671 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1672 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1674 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1675 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1677 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1679 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
1680 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %"SVf" unexpectedly",
1681 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(nambeg, name_end-nambeg, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8 )));
1682 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1684 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8)
1685 && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1688 /* set up magic where warranted */
1689 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1690 /* We only have to check for three names here: EXPORT, ISA
1691 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1692 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1694 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1697 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1701 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1702 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1705 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1711 goto add_magical_gv;
1714 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1715 /* Avoid null warning: */
1716 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1717 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1718 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1725 /* Nothing else to do.
1726 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1727 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1728 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1732 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1735 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1736 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1738 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1743 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1747 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1748 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1752 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1755 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1756 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1757 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1758 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1760 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1761 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1762 use didn't clean up fully because
1763 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1764 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1765 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1766 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1767 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1768 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1769 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1770 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1774 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1775 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1776 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1778 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1783 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1786 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1787 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1790 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1791 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1794 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1795 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1798 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1799 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1801 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1802 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1805 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1806 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1809 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1810 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1813 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1814 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1816 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1818 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1821 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1822 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1835 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1837 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1838 const char *end = name + len;
1839 while (--end > name) {
1840 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) goto add_magical_gv;
1847 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1848 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1854 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1855 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1856 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1857 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1859 )) { PL_sawampersand = TRUE; }
1863 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1867 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1868 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1874 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1876 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1878 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1879 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1881 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1883 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1889 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1891 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1892 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
1894 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1895 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1897 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1900 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1902 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1904 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1911 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
1912 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
1913 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1914 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1917 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1920 case '\010': /* $^H */
1922 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1923 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1927 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1928 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
1929 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1930 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1933 else goto magicalize;
1935 case '\023': /* $^S */
1937 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1961 case '\001': /* $^A */
1962 case '\003': /* $^C */
1963 case '\004': /* $^D */
1964 case '\005': /* $^E */
1965 case '\006': /* $^F */
1966 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1967 case '\016': /* $^N */
1968 case '\017': /* $^O */
1969 case '\020': /* $^P */
1970 case '\024': /* $^T */
1971 case '\027': /* $^W */
1973 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1976 case '\014': /* $^L */
1977 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
1978 PL_formfeed = GvSV(gv);
1981 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
1985 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
1986 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
1987 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
1988 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
1989 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
1993 case '\026': /* $^V */
1995 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
1996 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
1997 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2005 if (GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) || GvCV(gv) || (
2006 GvSV(gv) && (SvOK(GvSV(gv)) || SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)))
2008 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2009 else SvREFCNT_dec(gv), gv = NULL;
2011 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2016 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2019 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2021 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2023 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2025 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2026 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2027 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2028 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2032 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2033 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2037 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2039 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2041 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2043 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2047 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
2052 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2054 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2056 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2058 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2061 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2062 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2064 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
2065 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2067 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2068 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2070 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2071 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2074 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2076 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2078 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2079 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2081 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2082 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2083 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2084 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2085 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2092 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2095 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2097 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"SVf"::_GEN_%ld",
2098 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(pack, strlen(pack),
2104 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2107 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2115 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2116 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2117 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2118 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
2127 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2133 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2135 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2136 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2137 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2138 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2141 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
2142 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2149 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2151 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2152 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2153 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2154 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2155 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2156 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2157 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2159 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2168 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2172 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2173 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2174 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2175 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2176 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2177 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, HEK_KEY(hvname_hek),
2178 (HEK_UTF8(hvname_hek) ? -HEK_LEN(hvname_hek) : HEK_LEN(hvname_hek)),
2186 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2192 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2194 if (--attempts == 0) {
2196 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2197 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2207 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2209 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2210 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2212 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2214 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2216 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2217 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2219 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2220 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2227 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2229 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2230 * 0 if there is no overload
2231 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2235 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2238 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2240 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2243 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2245 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2247 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2248 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2249 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2251 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2254 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2257 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2258 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2262 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
2265 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2267 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2268 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2269 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2274 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2275 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
2277 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2279 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2282 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2283 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2284 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2285 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2286 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2287 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2296 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
2297 amt.table[i] = NULL;
2298 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2299 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2300 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2301 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
2302 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2304 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2305 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2306 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2307 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2308 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2309 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2310 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2311 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2312 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2313 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
2314 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0, 0);
2315 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
2316 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2318 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
2319 if(GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")){
2320 const char * const hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2321 if (hvname && HEK_LEN(HvNAME_HEK(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))) == 8
2322 && strEQ(hvname, "overload")) {
2323 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2324 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2325 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2327 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2329 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2330 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2331 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2332 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2333 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2335 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2340 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2342 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2343 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2344 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2345 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2346 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2347 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2355 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2358 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2359 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2360 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2362 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
2364 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2365 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2368 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2371 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2373 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
2374 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2375 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2379 /* Here we have no table: */
2381 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2382 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2383 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2389 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2395 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2397 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2400 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2401 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2403 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2406 /* If we're looking up a destructor to invoke, we must avoid
2407 * that Gv_AMupdate croaks, because we might be dying already */
2408 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, cBOOL(id == DESTROY_amg)) == -1) {
2409 /* and if it didn't found a destructor, we fall back
2410 * to a simpler method that will only look for the
2411 * destructor instead of the whole magic */
2412 if (id == DESTROY_amg) {
2413 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, "DESTROY");
2419 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2422 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2423 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2425 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2426 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2427 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2428 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2429 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2430 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2431 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2432 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2444 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2445 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2447 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2449 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2453 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2457 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2461 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2462 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2463 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2468 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2469 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2479 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2485 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2486 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2489 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2491 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2492 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2496 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2499 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2500 SV* const right = TOPs;
2506 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2507 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2508 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2510 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2517 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2518 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2528 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2529 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2531 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2534 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2535 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2537 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2540 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2542 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2544 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2550 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2553 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2555 while (SvAMAGIC(ref) &&
2556 (tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2557 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2559 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2560 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2561 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2566 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2570 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2572 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2574 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2576 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2577 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2579 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2580 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2581 * masked by overloading.pm */
2583 const int offset = method / 8;
2584 const int bit = method % 8;
2585 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2587 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2588 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2595 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2600 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2601 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2602 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2603 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2604 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2605 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2606 int use_default_op = 0;
2607 int force_scalar = 0;
2613 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2615 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2616 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2619 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2620 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2621 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2622 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2623 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2625 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2626 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2632 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
2633 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
2635 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
2638 /* look for substituted methods */
2639 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
2643 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
2644 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
2645 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2650 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
2651 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
2652 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2656 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2659 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2662 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2665 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
2666 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
2667 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2674 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
2677 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
2678 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
2680 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
2681 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
2683 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
2684 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
2685 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
2686 delegate to the stash. */
2687 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
2693 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
2694 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
2695 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2697 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2698 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
2699 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
2701 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2702 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
2703 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
2706 if (off==subtr_amg) {
2717 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
2719 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2724 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2725 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2728 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2736 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2741 if (!cv) goto not_found;
2742 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
2743 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2744 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2745 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2746 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2748 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2749 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2755 cv = cvp[off=method])))) { /* Method for right
2758 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
2759 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
2760 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
2761 /* We look for substitution for
2762 * comparison operations and
2764 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
2765 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
2766 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2788 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2792 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2802 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2810 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2813 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2814 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2815 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2816 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2817 } else if ((use_default_op =
2818 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
2819 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
2821 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2825 if (off==-1) off=method;
2826 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2827 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
2828 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2829 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2831 "in overloaded package ":
2832 "has no overloaded magic",
2834 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
2837 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2840 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2842 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
2843 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
2844 if (use_default_op) {
2845 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
2847 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2851 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2856 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
2857 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
2858 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
2859 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
2865 if (off == subtr_amg)
2868 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
2869 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
2870 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
2871 * assigned to the proper variable later */
2888 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
2892 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
2893 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
2894 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
2902 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
2903 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
2904 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
2914 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2915 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
2917 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2919 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2920 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2921 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2922 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2923 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2924 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2925 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
2926 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2929 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2930 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2931 * version of copy operator
2933 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2934 * a) Assignment form was called.
2935 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2936 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2937 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2938 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2939 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2941 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2942 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2944 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2945 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2948 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2949 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2951 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
2952 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2955 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
2956 * information by hand */
2957 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
2959 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
2960 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
2962 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpRef);
2970 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2972 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
2975 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2976 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2977 myop.op_next = NULL;
2978 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
2982 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
2985 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
2986 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
2991 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
2995 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2998 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2999 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3000 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3002 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3004 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3005 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3006 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3007 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3009 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3010 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3012 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3016 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3020 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3024 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3025 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3028 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3031 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3032 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3033 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3035 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3047 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3054 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3057 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3060 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3063 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3066 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3069 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3072 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3074 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3079 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3081 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3083 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3091 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3096 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3101 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3102 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3105 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3106 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3110 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3112 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3113 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3114 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3115 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3116 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3117 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3118 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3120 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3122 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3123 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3124 more compactly represents the same thing.
3130 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3136 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3138 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3140 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3142 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3143 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3144 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3145 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3146 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3147 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3149 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3151 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3152 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3154 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3155 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3161 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3162 (void)hv_delete(stash, HEK_KEY(gvnhek),
3163 HEK_UTF8(gvnhek) ? -HEK_LEN(gvnhek) : HEK_LEN(gvnhek), G_DISCARD);
3164 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv &&
3165 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3166 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3167 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3168 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3169 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3170 (gvp = hv_fetch(stash, HEK_KEY(namehek),
3171 HEK_LEN(namehek)*(HEK_UTF8(namehek) ? -1 : 1), 0)) &&
3173 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3177 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK;
3178 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3179 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3180 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3187 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3190 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3196 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3198 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3201 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: