madly.y

   1 /*    perly.y
   2  *
   3  *    Copyright (c) 1991-2002, 2003, 2004 Larry Wall
   4  *
   5  *    You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
   6  *    License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
   7  *
   8  */
   9
  10 /*
  11  * 'I see,' laughed Strider.  'I look foul and feel fair.  Is that it?
  12  * All that is gold does not glitter, not all those who wander are lost.'
  13  */
  14
  15 /*  Make the parser re-entrant. */
  16
  17 /* FIXME for MAD - is the new mintro on while and until important?  */
  18 %pure_parser
  19
  20 %start prog
  21
  22 %union {
  23     I32 ival;
  24     char *pval;
  25     TOKEN* tkval;
  26     OP *opval;
  27     GV *gvval;
  28 }
  29
  30 %token <tkval> '{' '}' '[' ']' '-' '+' '$' '@' '%' '*'
  31
  32 %token <opval> WORD METHOD FUNCMETH THING PMFUNC PRIVATEREF
  33 %token <opval> FUNC0SUB UNIOPSUB LSTOPSUB
  34 %token <tkval> LABEL
  35 %token <tkval> FORMAT SUB ANONSUB PACKAGE USE
  36 %token <tkval> WHILE UNTIL IF UNLESS ELSE ELSIF CONTINUE FOR
  37 %token <tkval> GIVEN WHEN DEFAULT
  38 %token <tkval> LOOPEX DOTDOT
  39 %token <tkval> FUNC0 FUNC1 FUNC UNIOP LSTOP
  40 %token <tkval> RELOP EQOP MULOP ADDOP
  41 %token <tkval> DOLSHARP DO HASHBRACK NOAMP
  42 %token <tkval> LOCAL MY MYSUB REQUIRE
  43 %token <tkval> COLONATTR
  44
  45 %type <ival> prog progstart remember mremember savescope
  46 %type <ival>  startsub startanonsub startformsub
  47 /* FIXME for MAD - are these two ival? */
  48 %type <ival> mydefsv mintro
  49
  50 %type <tkval> '&' ';'
  51
  52 %type <opval> decl format subrout mysubrout package use peg
  53
  54 %type <opval> block mblock lineseq line loop cond else
  55 %type <opval> expr term subscripted scalar ary hsh arylen star amper sideff
  56 %type <opval> argexpr nexpr texpr iexpr mexpr mnexpr miexpr
  57 %type <opval> listexpr listexprcom indirob listop method
  58 %type <opval> formname subname proto subbody cont my_scalar
  59 %type <opval> subattrlist myattrlist myattrterm myterm
  60 %type <opval> termbinop termunop anonymous termdo
  61 %type <opval> switch case
  62 %type <tkval> label
  63
  64 %nonassoc <tkval> PREC_LOW
  65 %nonassoc LOOPEX
  66
  67 %left <tkval> OROP DOROP
  68 %left <tkval> ANDOP
  69 %right <tkval> NOTOP
  70 %nonassoc LSTOP LSTOPSUB
  71 %left <tkval> ','
  72 %right <tkval> ASSIGNOP
  73 %right <tkval> '?' ':'
  74 %nonassoc DOTDOT
  75 %left <tkval> OROR DORDOR
  76 %left <tkval> ANDAND
  77 %left <tkval> BITOROP
  78 %left <tkval> BITANDOP
  79 %nonassoc EQOP
  80 %nonassoc RELOP
  81 %nonassoc UNIOP UNIOPSUB
  82 %nonassoc REQUIRE
  83 %left <tkval> SHIFTOP
  84 %left ADDOP
  85 %left MULOP
  86 %left <tkval> MATCHOP
  87 %right <tkval> '!' '~' UMINUS REFGEN
  88 %right <tkval> POWOP
  89 %nonassoc <tkval> PREINC PREDEC POSTINC POSTDEC
  90 %left <tkval> ARROW
  91 %nonassoc <tkval> ')'
  92 %left <tkval> '('
  93 %left '[' '{'
  94
  95 %token <tkval> PEG
  96
  97 %% /* RULES */
  98
  99 /* The whole program */
 100 prog    :       progstart
 101         /*CONTINUED*/   lineseq
 102                         { $$ = $1; newPROG(block_end($1,$2)); }
 103         ;
 104
 105 /* An ordinary block */
 106 block   :       '{' remember lineseq '}'
 107                         { if (PL_copline > (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival)
 108                               PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 109                           $$ = block_end($2, $3);
 110                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 111                           token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
 112                         }
 113         ;
 114
 115 remember:       /* NULL */      /* start a full lexical scope */
 116                         { $$ = block_start(TRUE); }
 117         ;
 118
 119 mydefsv:        /* NULL */      /* lexicalize $_ */
 120                         { $$ = (I32) allocmy("$_"); }
 121         ;
 122
 123 progstart:
 124                 {
 125                     PL_expect = XSTATE; $$ = block_start(TRUE);
 126                 }
 127         ;
 128
 129
 130 mblock  :       '{' mremember lineseq '}'
 131                         { if (PL_copline > (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival)
 132                               PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 133                           $$ = block_end($2, $3);
 134                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 135                           token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
 136                         }
 137         ;
 138
 139 mremember:      /* NULL */      /* start a partial lexical scope */
 140                         { $$ = block_start(FALSE); }
 141         ;
 142
 143 savescope:      /* NULL */      /* remember stack pos in case of error */
 144                 { $$ = PL_savestack_ix; }
 145
 146 /* A collection of "lines" in the program */
 147 lineseq :       /* NULL */
 148                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 149         |       lineseq decl
 150 /*                      { $$ = $1 } */
 151                         { $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
 152                                 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$2); }
 153         |       lineseq savescope line
 154                         {   LEAVE_SCOPE($2);
 155                             $$ = append_list(OP_LINESEQ,
 156                                 (LISTOP*)$1, (LISTOP*)$3);
 157                             PL_pad_reset_pending = TRUE;
 158                             if ($1 && $3) PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; }
 159         ;
 160
 161 /* A "line" in the program */
 162 line    :       label cond
 163                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2);
 164                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
 165         |       loop    /* loops add their own labels */
 166         |       switch  /* ... and so do switches */
 167                         { $$ = $1; }
 168         |       label case
 169                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2); }
 170         |       label ';'
 171                         {
 172                           if (($1)->tk_lval.pval) {
 173                               $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, newOP(OP_NULL, 0));
 174                               token_getmad($1,$$,'L');
 175                               token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,';');
 176                           }
 177                           else {
 178                               $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 179                               PL_copline = NOLINE;
 180                               token_free($1);
 181                               token_getmad($2,$$,';');
 182                           }
 183                           PL_expect = XSTATE;
 184                         }
 185         |       label sideff ';'
 186                         { OP* op;
 187                           $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, $2);
 188                           PL_expect = XSTATE;
 189                           /* sideff might already have a nexstate */
 190                           op = ((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first;
 191                           if (op) {
 192                               while (op->op_sibling &&
 193                                  op->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE)
 194                                     op = op->op_sibling;
 195                               token_getmad($1,op,'L');
 196                               token_getmad($3,op,';');
 197                           }
 198                         }
 199         ;
 200
 201 /* An expression which may have a side-effect */
 202 sideff  :       error
 203                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 204         |       expr
 205                         { $$ = $1; }
 206         |       expr IF expr
 207                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $3, $1);
 208                           token_getmad($2,$$,'i');
 209                         }
 210         |       expr UNLESS expr
 211                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $3, $1);
 212                           token_getmad($2,$$,'i');
 213                         }
 214         |       expr WHILE expr
 215                         { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, scalar($3), $1);
 216                           token_getmad($2,$$,'w');
 217                         }
 218         |       expr UNTIL iexpr
 219                         { $$ = newLOOPOP(OPf_PARENS, 1, $3, $1);
 220                           token_getmad($2,$$,'w');
 221                         }
 222         |       expr FOR expr
 223                         { $$ = newFOROP(0, Nullch, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival,
 224                                         Nullop, $3, $1, Nullop);
 225                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first->op_sibling,'w');
 226                         }
 227         ;
 228
 229 /* else and elsif blocks */
 230 else    :       /* NULL */
 231                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 232         |       ELSE mblock
 233                         { ($2)->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; $$ = scope($2);
 234                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 235                         }
 236         |       ELSIF '(' mexpr ')' mblock else
 237                         { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 238                             $$ = newCONDOP(0, $3, scope($5), $6);
 239                             PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
 240                           token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
 241                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 242                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 243                         }
 244         ;
 245
 246 /* Real conditional expressions */
 247 cond    :       IF '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock else
 248                         { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 249                             $$ = block_end($3,
 250                                    newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
 251                           token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
 252                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 253                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 254                         }
 255         |       UNLESS '(' remember miexpr ')' mblock else
 256                         { PL_copline = (line_t)($1)->tk_lval.ival;
 257                             $$ = block_end($3,
 258                                    newCONDOP(0, $4, scope($6), $7));
 259                           token_getmad($1,$$,'I');
 260                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 261                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 262                         }
 263         ;
 264
 265 /* Cases for a switch statement */
 266 case    :       WHEN '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock
 267         { $$ = block_end($3,
 268                 newWHENOP($4, scope($6))); }
 269         |       DEFAULT block
 270         { $$ = newWHENOP(0, scope($2)); }
 271         ;
 272
 273 /* Continue blocks */
 274 cont    :       /* NULL */
 275                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 276         |       CONTINUE block
 277                         { $$ = scope($2);
 278                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 279                         }
 280         ;
 281
 282 /* Loops: while, until, for, and a bare block */
 283 loop    :       label WHILE '(' remember texpr ')' mintro mblock cont
 284                         { OP *innerop;
 285                           PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
 286                             $$ = block_end($4,
 287                                    newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 288                                      innerop = newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 289                                                 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $8, $9, $7)));
 290                           token_getmad($1,innerop,'L');
 291                           token_getmad($2,innerop,'W');
 292                           token_getmad($3,innerop,'(');
 293                           token_getmad($6,innerop,')');
 294                         }
 295
 296         |       label UNTIL '(' remember iexpr ')' mintro mblock cont
 297                         { OP *innerop;
 298                           PL_copline = (line_t)$2;
 299                             $$ = block_end($4,
 300                                    newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 301                                      newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 302                                                 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $8, $9, $7)));
 303                           token_getmad($1,innerop,'L');
 304                           token_getmad($2,innerop,'W');
 305                           token_getmad($3,innerop,'(');
 306                           token_getmad($6,innerop,')');
 307                         }
 308         |       label FOR MY remember my_scalar '(' mexpr ')' mblock cont
 309                         { OP *innerop;
 310                           $$ = block_end($4,
 311                              innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, $5, $7, $9, $10));
 312                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
 313                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
 314                           token_getmad($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'d');
 315                           token_getmad($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
 316                           token_getmad($8,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
 317                         }
 318         |       label FOR scalar '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
 319                         { OP *innerop;
 320                           $$ = block_end($5,
 321                              innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, mod($3, OP_ENTERLOOP),
 322                                           $6, $8, $9));
 323                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
 324                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
 325                           token_getmad($4,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
 326                           token_getmad($7,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
 327                         }
 328         |       label FOR '(' remember mexpr ')' mblock cont
 329                         { OP *innerop;
 330                           $$ = block_end($4,
 331                              innerop = newFOROP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval, (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival, Nullop, $5, $7, $8));
 332                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first,'L');
 333                           token_getmad($2,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'W');
 334                           token_getmad($3,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,'(');
 335                           token_getmad($6,((LISTOP*)innerop)->op_first->op_sibling,')');
 336                         }
 337         |       label FOR '(' remember mnexpr ';' texpr ';' mintro mnexpr ')'
 338                     mblock
 339                         /* basically fake up an initialize-while lineseq */
 340                         { OP *forop;
 341                           PL_copline = (line_t)($2)->tk_lval.ival;
 342                           forop = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 343                                             newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 344                                                 ($2)->tk_lval.ival, scalar($7),
 345                                                 $12, $10, $9));
 346                           if (!$5)
 347                                 $5 = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 348                           forop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
 349                                 newSTATEOP(0,
 350                                            (($1)->tk_lval.pval
 351                                            ?savepv(($1)->tk_lval.pval):Nullch),
 352                                            $5),
 353                                 forop));
 354
 355                           token_getmad($2,forop,'3');
 356                           token_getmad($3,forop,'(');
 357                           token_getmad($6,forop,'1');
 358                           token_getmad($8,forop,'2');
 359                           token_getmad($11,forop,')');
 360                           token_getmad($1,forop,'L');
 361                           $$ = block_end($4, forop); }
 362         |       label block cont  /* a block is a loop that happens once */
 363                         { $$ = newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 364                                  newWHILEOP(0, 1, (LOOP*)Nullop,
 365                                             NOLINE, Nullop, $2, $3, 0));
 366                           token_getmad($1,((LISTOP*)$$)->op_first,'L'); }
 367         ;
 368
 369 /* Switch blocks */
 370 switch  :       label GIVEN '(' remember mydefsv mexpr ')' mblock
 371                         { PL_copline = (line_t) $2;
 372                             $$ = block_end($4,
 373                                 newSTATEOP(0, ($1)->tk_lval.pval,
 374                                     newGIVENOP($6, scope($8),
 375                                         (PADOFFSET) $5) )); }
 376         ;
 377
 378 /* determine whether there are any new my declarations */
 379 mintro  :       /* NULL */
 380                         { $$ = (PL_min_intro_pending &&
 381                             PL_max_intro_pending >=  PL_min_intro_pending);
 382                           intro_my(); }
 383
 384 /* Normal expression */
 385 nexpr   :       /* NULL */
 386                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 387         |       sideff
 388         ;
 389
 390 /* Boolean expression */
 391 texpr   :       /* NULL means true */
 392                         { YYSTYPE tmplval;
 393                           (void)scan_num("1", &tmplval);
 394                           $$ = tmplval.opval; }
 395         |       expr
 396         ;
 397
 398 /* Inverted boolean expression */
 399 iexpr   :       expr
 400                         { $$ = invert(scalar($1)); }
 401         ;
 402
 403 /* Expression with its own lexical scope */
 404 mexpr   :       expr
 405                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
 406         ;
 407
 408 mnexpr  :       nexpr
 409                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
 410         ;
 411
 412 miexpr  :       iexpr
 413                         { $$ = $1; intro_my(); }
 414         ;
 415
 416 /* Optional "MAIN:"-style loop labels */
 417 label   :       /* empty */
 418                         { YYSTYPE tmplval;
 419                           tmplval.pval = Nullch;
 420                           $$ = newTOKEN(OP_NULL, tmplval, 0); }
 421         |       LABEL
 422         ;
 423
 424 /* Some kind of declaration - just hang on peg in the parse tree */
 425 decl    :       format
 426                         { $$ = $1; }
 427         |       subrout
 428                         { $$ = $1; }
 429         |       mysubrout
 430                         { $$ = $1; }
 431         |       package
 432                         { $$ = $1; }
 433         |       use
 434                         { $$ = $1; }
 435         |       peg
 436                         { $$ = $1; }
 437         ;
 438
 439 peg     :       PEG
 440                         { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
 441                           token_getmad($1,$$,'p');
 442                         }
 443         ;
 444
 445 format  :       FORMAT startformsub formname block
 446                         { $$ = newFORM($2, $3, $4);
 447                           prepend_madprops($1->tk_mad, $$, 'F');
 448                           $1->tk_mad = 0;
 449                           token_free($1);
 450                         }
 451         ;
 452
 453 formname:       WORD            { $$ = $1; }
 454         |       /* NULL */      { $$ = Nullop; }
 455         ;
 456
 457 /* Unimplemented "my sub foo { }" */
 458 mysubrout:      MYSUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
 459                         { $$ = newMYSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6);
 460                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
 461                         }
 462         ;
 463
 464 /* Subroutine definition */
 465 subrout :       SUB startsub subname proto subattrlist subbody
 466                         { OP* o = newSVOP(OP_ANONCODE, 0,
 467                             (SV*)newATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5, $6));
 468                           $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
 469                           op_getmad(o,$$,'&');
 470                           op_getmad($3,$$,'n');
 471                           op_getmad($4,$$,'s');
 472                           op_getmad($5,$$,'a');
 473                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
 474                           append_madprops($6->op_madprop, $$, 0);
 475                           $6->op_madprop = 0;
 476                         }
 477         ;
 478
 479 startsub:       /* NULL */      /* start a regular subroutine scope */
 480                         { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, 0); }
 481         ;
 482
 483 startanonsub:   /* NULL */      /* start an anonymous subroutine scope */
 484                         { $$ = start_subparse(FALSE, CVf_ANON); }
 485         ;
 486
 487 startformsub:   /* NULL */      /* start a format subroutine scope */
 488                         { $$ = start_subparse(TRUE, 0); }
 489         ;
 490
 491 /* Name of a subroutine - must be a bareword, could be special */
 492 subname :       WORD    { const char *const name = SvPV_nolen_const(((SVOP*)$1)->op_sv);
 493                           if (strEQ(name, "BEGIN") || strEQ(name, "END")
 494                               || strEQ(name, "INIT") || strEQ(name, "CHECK"))
 495                               CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv);
 496                           $$ = $1; }
 497         ;
 498
 499 /* Subroutine prototype */
 500 proto   :       /* NULL */
 501                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 502         |       THING
 503         ;
 504
 505 /* Optional list of subroutine attributes */
 506 subattrlist:    /* NULL */
 507                         { $$ = Nullop; }
 508         |       COLONATTR THING
 509                         { $$ = $2;
 510                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 511                         }
 512         |       COLONATTR
 513                         { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 514                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 515                         }
 516         ;
 517
 518 /* List of attributes for a "my" variable declaration */
 519 myattrlist:     COLONATTR THING
 520                         { $$ = $2;
 521                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 522                         }
 523         |       COLONATTR
 524                         { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
 525                           token_getmad($1,$$,':');
 526                         }
 527         ;
 528
 529 /* Subroutine body - either null or a block */
 530 subbody :       block   { $$ = $1; }
 531         |       ';'     { $$ = newOP(OP_NULL,0); PL_expect = XSTATE;
 532                           token_getmad($1,$$,';');
 533                         }
 534         ;
 535
 536 package :       PACKAGE WORD ';'
 537                         { $$ = package($2);
 538                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 539                           token_getmad($3,$$,';');
 540                         }
 541         ;
 542
 543 use     :       USE startsub
 544                         { CvSPECIAL_on(PL_compcv); /* It's a BEGIN {} */ }
 545                     WORD WORD listexpr ';'
 546                         { $$ = utilize(($1)->tk_lval.ival, $2, $4, $5, $6);
 547                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 548                           token_getmad($7,$$,';');
 549                           if (PL_rsfp_filters && AvFILLp(PL_rsfp_filters) >= 0)
 550                               append_madprops(newMADPROP('!', MAD_PV, "", 0), $$, 0);
 551                         }
 552         ;
 553
 554 /* Ordinary expressions; logical combinations */
 555 expr    :       expr ANDOP expr
 556                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
 557                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 558                         }
 559         |       expr OROP expr
 560                         { $$ = newLOGOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $1, $3);
 561                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 562                         }
 563         |       expr DOROP expr
 564                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
 565                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 566                         }
 567         |       argexpr %prec PREC_LOW
 568         ;
 569
 570 /* Expressions are a list of terms joined by commas */
 571 argexpr :       argexpr ','
 572                         { OP* op = newNULLLIST();
 573                           token_getmad($2,op,',');
 574                           $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
 575                         }
 576         |       argexpr ',' term
 577                         {
 578                           $3 = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $3);
 579                           token_getmad($2,$3,',');
 580                           $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, $3);
 581                         }
 582         |       term %prec PREC_LOW
 583         ;
 584
 585 /* List operators */
 586 listop  :       LSTOP indirob argexpr          /* print $fh @args */
 587                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_STACKED,
 588                                 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2), $3) );
 589                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 590                         }
 591         |       FUNC '(' indirob expr ')'      /* print ($fh @args */
 592                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_STACKED,
 593                                 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, newGVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$3), $4) );
 594                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 595                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 596                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 597                         }
 598         |       term ARROW method '(' listexprcom ')' /* $foo->bar(list) */
 599                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 600                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
 601                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1), $5),
 602                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
 603                           token_getmad($2,$$,'A');
 604                           token_getmad($4,$$,'(');
 605                           token_getmad($6,$$,')');
 606                         }
 607         |       term ARROW method                     /* $foo->bar */
 608                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 609                                 append_elem(OP_LIST, scalar($1),
 610                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $3)));
 611                           token_getmad($2,$$,'A');
 612                         }
 613         |       METHOD indirob listexpr              /* new Class @args */
 614                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 615                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
 616                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $3),
 617                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
 618                         }
 619         |       FUNCMETH indirob '(' listexprcom ')' /* method $object (@args) */
 620                         { $$ = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 621                                 append_elem(OP_LIST,
 622                                     prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $2, $4),
 623                                     newUNOP(OP_METHOD, 0, $1)));
 624                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 625                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 626                         }
 627         |       LSTOP listexpr                       /* print @args */
 628                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
 629                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 630                         }
 631         |       FUNC '(' listexprcom ')'             /* print (@args) */
 632                         { $$ = convert(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $3);
 633                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 634                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 635                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 636                         }
 637         |       LSTOPSUB startanonsub block          /* map { foo } ... */
 638                         { $3 = newANONATTRSUB($2, 0, Nullop, $3); }
 639                     listexpr            %prec LSTOP  /* ... @bar */
 640                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 641                                  append_elem(OP_LIST,
 642                                    prepend_elem(OP_LIST, $3, $5), $1));
 643                         }
 644         ;
 645
 646 /* Names of methods. May use $object->$methodname */
 647 method  :       METHOD
 648         |       scalar
 649         ;
 650
 651 /* Some kind of subscripted expression */
 652 subscripted:    star '{' expr ';' '}'        /* *main::{something} */
 653                         /* In this and all the hash accessors, ';' is
 654                          * provided by the tokeniser */
 655                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_GELEM, 0, $1, scalar($3));
 656                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 657                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
 658                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
 659                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
 660                         }
 661         |       scalar '[' expr ']'          /* $array[$element] */
 662                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0, oopsAV($1), scalar($3));
 663                           token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
 664                           token_getmad($4,$$,']');
 665                         }
 666         |       term ARROW '[' expr ']'      /* somearef->[$element] */
 667                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
 668                                         ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
 669                                         scalar($4));
 670                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 671                           token_getmad($3,$$,'[');
 672                           token_getmad($5,$$,']');
 673                         }
 674         |       subscripted '[' expr ']'    /* $foo->[$bar]->[$baz] */
 675                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_AELEM, 0,
 676                                         ref(newAVREF($1),OP_RV2AV),
 677                                         scalar($3));
 678                           token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
 679                           token_getmad($4,$$,']');
 680                         }
 681         |       scalar '{' expr ';' '}'    /* $foo->{bar();} */
 682                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0, oopsHV($1), jmaybe($3));
 683                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 684                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
 685                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
 686                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
 687                         }
 688         |       term ARROW '{' expr ';' '}' /* somehref->{bar();} */
 689                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
 690                                         ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
 691                                         jmaybe($4));
 692                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 693                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 694                           token_getmad($3,$$,'{');
 695                           token_getmad($5,$$,';');
 696                           token_getmad($6,$$,'}');
 697                         }
 698         |       subscripted '{' expr ';' '}' /* $foo->[bar]->{baz;} */
 699                         { $$ = newBINOP(OP_HELEM, 0,
 700                                         ref(newHVREF($1),OP_RV2HV),
 701                                         jmaybe($3));
 702                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
 703                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
 704                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
 705                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
 706                         }
 707         |       term ARROW '(' ')'          /* $subref->() */
 708                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 709                                    newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
 710                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 711                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 712                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 713                         }
 714         |       term ARROW '(' expr ')'     /* $subref->(@args) */
 715                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 716                                    append_elem(OP_LIST, $4,
 717                                        newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
 718                           token_getmad($2,$$,'a');
 719                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 720                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 721                         }
 722
 723         |       subscripted '(' expr ')'   /* $foo->{bar}->(@args) */
 724                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 725                                    append_elem(OP_LIST, $3,
 726                                                newCVREF(0, scalar($1))));
 727                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 728                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 729                         }
 730         |       subscripted '(' ')'        /* $foo->{bar}->() */
 731                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
 732                                    newCVREF(0, scalar($1)));
 733                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
 734                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
 735                         }
 736         |       '(' expr ')' '[' expr ']'            /* list slice */
 737                         { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $5, $2);
 738                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 739                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
 740                           token_getmad($4,$$,'[');
 741                           token_getmad($6,$$,']');
 742                         }
 743         |       '(' ')' '[' expr ']'                 /* empty list slice! */
 744                         { $$ = newSLICEOP(0, $4, Nullop);
 745                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 746                           token_getmad($2,$$,')');
 747                           token_getmad($3,$$,'[');
 748                           token_getmad($5,$$,']');
 749                         }
 750     ;
 751
 752 /* Binary operators between terms */
 753 termbinop:      term ASSIGNOP term             /* $x = $y */
 754                         { $$ = newASSIGNOP(OPf_STACKED, $1, ($2)->tk_lval.ival, $3);
 755                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 756                         }
 757         |       term POWOP term                        /* $x ** $y */
 758                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 759                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 760                         }
 761         |       term MULOP term                        /* $x * $y, $x x $y */
 762                         {   if (($2)->tk_lval.ival != OP_REPEAT)
 763                                 scalar($1);
 764                             $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $1, scalar($3));
 765                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 766                         }
 767         |       term ADDOP term                        /* $x + $y */
 768                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 769                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 770                         }
 771         |       term SHIFTOP term                      /* $x >> $y, $x << $y */
 772                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 773                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 774                         }
 775         |       term RELOP term                        /* $x > $y, etc. */
 776                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 777                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 778                         }
 779         |       term EQOP term                         /* $x == $y, $x eq $y */
 780                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 781                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 782                         }
 783         |       term BITANDOP term                     /* $x & $y */
 784                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 785                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 786                         }
 787         |       term BITOROP term                      /* $x | $y */
 788                         { $$ = newBINOP(($2)->tk_lval.ival, 0, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 789                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 790                         }
 791         |       term DOTDOT term                       /* $x..$y, $x...$y */
 792                         { UNOP *op;
 793                           $$ = newRANGE(($2)->tk_lval.ival, scalar($1), scalar($3));
 794                           op = (UNOP*)$$;
 795                           op = (UNOP*)op->op_first;     /* get to flop */
 796                           op = (UNOP*)op->op_first;     /* get to flip */
 797                           op = (UNOP*)op->op_first;     /* get to range */
 798                           token_getmad($2,(OP*)op,'o');
 799                         }
 800         |       term ANDAND term                       /* $x && $y */
 801                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, $1, $3);
 802                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 803                         }
 804         |       term OROR term                         /* $x || $y */
 805                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, $1, $3);
 806                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 807                         }
 808         |       term DORDOR term                       /* $x // $y */
 809                         { $$ = newLOGOP(OP_DOR, 0, $1, $3);
 810                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 811                         }
 812         |       term MATCHOP term                      /* $x =~ /$y/ */
 813                         { $$ = bind_match(($2)->tk_lval.ival, $1, $3);
 814                           if ($$->op_type == OP_NOT)
 815                               token_getmad($2,((UNOP*)$$)->op_first,'~');
 816                             else
 817                               token_getmad($2,$$,'~');
 818                         }
 819     ;
 820
 821 /* Unary operators and terms */
 822 termunop : '-' term %prec UMINUS                       /* -$x */
 823                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NEGATE, 0, scalar($2));
 824                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 825                         }
 826         |       '+' term %prec UMINUS                  /* +$x */
 827                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, $2);
 828                           token_getmad($1,$$,'+');
 829                         }
 830         |       '!' term                               /* !$x */
 831                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
 832                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 833                         }
 834         |       '~' term                               /* ~$x */
 835                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_COMPLEMENT, 0, scalar($2));
 836                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 837                         }
 838         |       term POSTINC                           /* $x++ */
 839                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTINC, 0,
 840                                         mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTINC));
 841                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 842                         }
 843         |       term POSTDEC                           /* $x-- */
 844                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_POSTDEC, 0,
 845                                         mod(scalar($1), OP_POSTDEC));
 846                           token_getmad($2,$$,'o');
 847                         }
 848         |       PREINC term                            /* ++$x */
 849                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREINC, 0,
 850                                         mod(scalar($2), OP_PREINC));
 851                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 852                         }
 853         |       PREDEC term                            /* --$x */
 854                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_PREDEC, 0,
 855                                         mod(scalar($2), OP_PREDEC));
 856                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 857                         }
 858
 859     ;
 860
 861 /* Constructors for anonymous data */
 862 anonymous:      '[' expr ']'
 863                         { $$ = newANONLIST($2);
 864                           token_getmad($1,$$,'[');
 865                           token_getmad($3,$$,']');
 866                         }
 867         |       '[' ']'
 868                         { $$ = newANONLIST(Nullop);
 869                           token_getmad($1,$$,'[');
 870                           token_getmad($2,$$,']');
 871                         }
 872         |       HASHBRACK expr ';' '}'  %prec '(' /* { foo => "Bar" } */
 873                         { $$ = newANONHASH($2);
 874                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 875                           token_getmad($3,$$,';');
 876                           token_getmad($4,$$,'}');
 877                         }
 878         |       HASHBRACK ';' '}'       %prec '(' /* { } (';' by tokener) */
 879                         { $$ = newANONHASH(Nullop);
 880                           token_getmad($1,$$,'{');
 881                           token_getmad($2,$$,';');
 882                           token_getmad($3,$$,'}');
 883                         }
 884         |       ANONSUB startanonsub proto subattrlist block    %prec '('
 885                         { $$ = newANONATTRSUB($2, $3, $4, $5);
 886                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 887                           op_getmad($3,$$,'s');
 888                           op_getmad($4,$$,'a');
 889                         }
 890
 891     ;
 892
 893 /* Things called with "do" */
 894 termdo  :       DO term %prec UNIOP                     /* do $filename */
 895                         { $$ = dofile($2, $1);
 896                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 897                         }
 898         |       DO block        %prec '('               /* do { code */
 899                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, scope($2));
 900                           token_getmad($1,$$,'D');
 901                         }
 902         |       DO WORD '(' ')'                         /* do somesub() */
 903                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
 904                             OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 905                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
 906                                 scalar(newCVREF(
 907                                     (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
 908                                     scalar($2)
 909                                 )),Nullop)); dep();
 910                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 911                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 912                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 913                         }
 914         |       DO WORD '(' expr ')'                    /* do somesub(@args) */
 915                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB,
 916                             OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 917                             append_elem(OP_LIST,
 918                                 $4,
 919                                 scalar(newCVREF(
 920                                     (OPpENTERSUB_AMPER<<8),
 921                                     scalar($2)
 922                                 )))); dep();
 923                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 924                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 925                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 926                         }
 927         |       DO scalar '(' ')'                      /* do $subref () */
 928                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 929                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
 930                                 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))), Nullop)); dep();
 931                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 932                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 933                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
 934                         }
 935         |       DO scalar '(' expr ')'                 /* do $subref (@args) */
 936                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED,
 937                             prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
 938                                 $4,
 939                                 scalar(newCVREF(0,scalar($2))))); dep();
 940                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 941                           token_getmad($3,$$,'(');
 942                           token_getmad($5,$$,')');
 943                         }
 944
 945         ;
 946
 947 term    :       termbinop
 948         |       termunop
 949         |       anonymous
 950         |       termdo
 951         |       term '?' term ':' term
 952                         { $$ = newCONDOP(0, $1, $3, $5);
 953                           token_getmad($2,$$,'?');
 954                           token_getmad($4,$$,':');
 955                         }
 956         |       REFGEN term                          /* \$x, \@y, \%z */
 957                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0, mod($2,OP_REFGEN));
 958                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
 959                         }
 960         |       myattrterm      %prec UNIOP
 961                         { $$ = $1; }
 962         |       LOCAL term      %prec UNIOP
 963                         { $$ = localize($2,($1)->tk_lval.ival);
 964                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
 965                         }
 966         |       '(' expr ')'
 967                         { $$ = sawparens(newUNOP(OP_NULL,0,$2));
 968                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 969                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
 970                         }
 971         |       '(' ')'
 972                         { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
 973                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
 974                           token_getmad($2,$$,')');
 975                         }
 976         |       scalar  %prec '('
 977                         { $$ = $1; }
 978         |       star    %prec '('
 979                         { $$ = $1; }
 980         |       hsh     %prec '('
 981                         { $$ = $1; }
 982         |       ary     %prec '('
 983                         { $$ = $1; }
 984         |       arylen  %prec '('                    /* $#x, $#{ something } */
 985                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_AV2ARYLEN, 0, ref($1, OP_AV2ARYLEN));}
 986         |       subscripted
 987                         { $$ = $1; }
 988         |       ary '[' expr ']'                     /* array slice */
 989                         { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_ASLICE,
 990                                 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
 991                                     newLISTOP(OP_ASLICE, 0,
 992                                         list($3),
 993                                         ref($1, OP_ASLICE)));
 994                           token_getmad($2,$$,'[');
 995                           token_getmad($4,$$,']');
 996                         }
 997         |       ary '{' expr ';' '}'                 /* @hash{@keys} */
 998                         { $$ = prepend_elem(OP_HSLICE,
 999                                 newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0),
1000                                     newLISTOP(OP_HSLICE, 0,
1001                                         list($3),
1002                                         ref(oopsHV($1), OP_HSLICE)));
1003                             PL_expect = XOPERATOR;
1004                           token_getmad($2,$$,'{');
1005                           token_getmad($4,$$,';');
1006                           token_getmad($5,$$,'}');
1007                         }
1008         |       THING   %prec '('
1009                         { $$ = $1; }
1010         |       amper                                /* &foo; */
1011                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, 0, scalar($1)); }
1012         |       amper '(' ')'                        /* &foo() */
1013                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED, scalar($1));
1014                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1015                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1016                         }
1017         |       amper '(' expr ')'                   /* &foo(@args) */
1018                         { OP* op;
1019                           $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1020                                 append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($1)));
1021                           op = $$;
1022                           if (op->op_type == OP_CONST) { /* defeat const fold */
1023                             op = (OP*)op->op_madprop->mad_val;
1024                           }
1025                           token_getmad($2,op,'(');
1026                           token_getmad($4,op,')');
1027                         }
1028         |       NOAMP WORD listexpr                  /* foo(@args) */
1029                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1030                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $3, scalar($2)));
1031                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1032                         }
1033         |       LOOPEX  /* loop exiting command (goto, last, dump, etc) */
1034                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_SPECIAL);
1035                             PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1036                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1037                         }
1038         |       LOOPEX term
1039                         { $$ = newLOOPEX(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2);
1040                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1041                         }
1042         |       NOTOP argexpr                        /* not $foo */
1043                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar($2));
1044                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1045                         }
1046         |       UNIOP                                /* Unary op, $_ implied */
1047                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1048                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1049                         }
1050         |       UNIOP block                          /* eval { foo }, I *think* */
1051                         { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
1052                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1053                         }
1054         |       UNIOP term                           /* Unary op */
1055                         { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $2);
1056                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1057                         }
1058         |       REQUIRE                              /* require, $_ implied *//* FIMXE for MAD needed? */
1059                         { $$ = newOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0); }
1060         |       REQUIRE term                         /* require Foo *//* FIMXE for MAD needed? */
1061                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, $1 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0, $2); }
1062         |       UNIOPSUB term                        /* Sub treated as unop */
1063                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1064                             append_elem(OP_LIST, $2, scalar($1))); }
1065         |       FUNC0                                /* Nullary operator */
1066                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1067                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1068                         }
1069         |       FUNC0 '(' ')'
1070                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0);
1071                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1072                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1073                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1074                         }
1075         |       FUNC0SUB                             /* Sub treated as nullop */
1076                         { $$ = newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
1077                                 scalar($1)); }
1078         |       FUNC1 '(' ')'                        /* not () */
1079                         { $$ = newOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, OPf_SPECIAL);
1080                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1081                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1082                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1083                         }
1084         |       FUNC1 '(' expr ')'                   /* not($foo) */
1085                         { $$ = newUNOP(($1)->tk_lval.ival, 0, $3);
1086                           token_getmad($1,$$,'o');
1087                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1088                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
1089                         }
1090         |       PMFUNC '(' argexpr ')'          /* m//, s///, tr/// */
1091                         { $$ = pmruntime($1, $3, 1);
1092                           token_getmad($2,$$,'(');
1093                           token_getmad($4,$$,')');
1094                         }
1095         |       WORD
1096         |       listop
1097         ;
1098
1099 /* "my" declarations, with optional attributes */
1100 myattrterm:     MY myterm myattrlist
1101                         { $$ = my_attrs($2,$3);
1102                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
1103                           append_madprops($3->op_madprop, $$, 'a');
1104                           $3->op_madprop = 0;
1105                         }
1106         |       MY myterm
1107                         { $$ = localize($2,($1)->tk_lval.ival);
1108                           token_getmad($1,$$,'d');
1109                         }
1110         ;
1111
1112 /* Things that can be "my"'d */
1113 myterm  :       '(' expr ')'
1114                         { $$ = sawparens($2);
1115                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
1116                           token_getmad($3,$$,')');
1117                         }
1118         |       '(' ')'
1119                         { $$ = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
1120                           token_getmad($1,$$,'(');
1121                           token_getmad($2,$$,')');
1122                         }
1123         |       scalar  %prec '('
1124                         { $$ = $1; }
1125         |       hsh     %prec '('
1126                         { $$ = $1; }
1127         |       ary     %prec '('
1128                         { $$ = $1; }
1129         ;
1130
1131 /* Basic list expressions */
1132 listexpr:       /* NULL */ %prec PREC_LOW
1133                         { $$ = Nullop; }
1134         |       argexpr    %prec PREC_LOW
1135                         { $$ = $1; }
1136         ;
1137
1138 listexprcom:    /* NULL */
1139                         { $$ = Nullop; }
1140         |       expr
1141                         { $$ = $1; }
1142         |       expr ','
1143                         { OP* op = newNULLLIST();
1144                           token_getmad($2,op,',');
1145                           $$ = append_elem(OP_LIST, $1, op);
1146                         }
1147         ;
1148
1149 /* A little bit of trickery to make "for my $foo (@bar)" actually be
1150    lexical */
1151 my_scalar:      scalar
1152                         { PL_in_my = 0; $$ = my($1); }
1153         ;
1154
1155 amper   :       '&' indirob
1156                         { $$ = newCVREF(($1)->tk_lval.ival,$2);
1157                           token_getmad($1,$$,'&');
1158                         }
1159         ;
1160
1161 scalar  :       '$' indirob
1162                         { $$ = newSVREF($2);
1163                           token_getmad($1,$$,'$');
1164                         }
1165         ;
1166
1167 ary     :       '@' indirob
1168                         { $$ = newAVREF($2);
1169                           token_getmad($1,$$,'@');
1170                         }
1171         ;
1172
1173 hsh     :       '%' indirob
1174                         { $$ = newHVREF($2);
1175                           token_getmad($1,$$,'%');
1176                         }
1177         ;
1178
1179 arylen  :       DOLSHARP indirob
1180                         { $$ = newAVREF($2);
1181                           token_getmad($1,$$,'l');
1182                         }
1183         ;
1184
1185 star    :       '*' indirob
1186                         { $$ = newGVREF(0,$2);
1187                           token_getmad($1,$$,'*');
1188                         }
1189         ;
1190
1191 /* Indirect objects */
1192 indirob :       WORD
1193                         { $$ = scalar($1); }
1194         |       scalar %prec PREC_LOW
1195                         { $$ = scalar($1); }
1196         |       block
1197                         { $$ = scope($1); }
1198
1199         |       PRIVATEREF
1200                         { $$ = $1; }
1201         ;