5 use warnings::register;
11 # Modified to ensure sub-directory traversal order is not inverded by stack
12 # push and pops. That is remains in the same order as in the directory file,
13 # or user pre-processing (EG:sorted).
18 File::Find - Traverse a directory tree.
23 find(\&wanted, @directories_to_search);
27 finddepth(\&wanted, @directories_to_search);
31 find({ wanted => \&process, follow => 1 }, '.');
35 These are functions for searching through directory trees doing work
36 on each file found similar to the Unix I<find> command. File::Find
37 exports two functions, C<find> and C<finddepth>. They work similarly
38 but have subtle differences.
44 find(\&wanted, @directories);
45 find(\%options, @directories);
47 C<find()> does a depth-first search over the given C<@directories> in
48 the order they are given. For each file or directory found, it calls
49 the C<&wanted> subroutine. (See below for details on how to use the
50 C<&wanted> function). Additionally, for each directory found, it will
51 C<chdir()> into that directory and continue the search, invoking the
52 C<&wanted> function on each file or subdirectory in the directory.
56 finddepth(\&wanted, @directories);
57 finddepth(\%options, @directories);
59 C<finddepth()> works just like C<find()> except that it invokes the
60 C<&wanted> function for a directory I<after> invoking it for the
61 directory's contents. It does a postorder traversal instead of a
62 preorder traversal, working from the bottom of the directory tree up
63 where C<find()> works from the top of the tree down.
69 The first argument to C<find()> is either a code reference to your
70 C<&wanted> function, or a hash reference describing the operations
71 to be performed for each file. The
72 code reference is described in L<The wanted function> below.
74 Here are the possible keys for the hash:
80 The value should be a code reference. This code reference is
81 described in L<The wanted function> below. The C<&wanted> subroutine is
86 Reports the name of a directory only AFTER all its entries
87 have been reported. Entry point C<finddepth()> is a shortcut for
88 specifying C<< { bydepth => 1 } >> in the first argument of C<find()>.
92 The value should be a code reference. This code reference is used to
93 preprocess the current directory. The name of the currently processed
94 directory is in C<$File::Find::dir>. Your preprocessing function is
95 called after C<readdir()>, but before the loop that calls the C<wanted()>
96 function. It is called with a list of strings (actually file/directory
97 names) and is expected to return a list of strings. The code can be
98 used to sort the file/directory names alphabetically, numerically,
99 or to filter out directory entries based on their name alone. When
100 I<follow> or I<follow_fast> are in effect, C<preprocess> is a no-op.
104 The value should be a code reference. It is invoked just before leaving
105 the currently processed directory. It is called in void context with no
106 arguments. The name of the current directory is in C<$File::Find::dir>. This
107 hook is handy for summarizing a directory, such as calculating its disk
108 usage. When I<follow> or I<follow_fast> are in effect, C<postprocess> is a
113 Causes symbolic links to be followed. Since directory trees with symbolic
114 links (followed) may contain files more than once and may even have
115 cycles, a hash has to be built up with an entry for each file.
116 This might be expensive both in space and time for a large
117 directory tree. See I<follow_fast> and I<follow_skip> below.
118 If either I<follow> or I<follow_fast> is in effect:
124 It is guaranteed that an I<lstat> has been called before the user's
125 C<wanted()> function is called. This enables fast file checks involving S<_>.
126 Note that this guarantee no longer holds if I<follow> or I<follow_fast>
131 There is a variable C<$File::Find::fullname> which holds the absolute
132 pathname of the file with all symbolic links resolved. If the link is
133 a dangling symbolic link, then fullname will be set to C<undef>.
137 This is a no-op on Win32.
141 This is similar to I<follow> except that it may report some files more
142 than once. It does detect cycles, however. Since only symbolic links
143 have to be hashed, this is much cheaper both in space and time. If
144 processing a file more than once (by the user's C<wanted()> function)
145 is worse than just taking time, the option I<follow> should be used.
147 This is also a no-op on Win32.
151 C<follow_skip==1>, which is the default, causes all files which are
152 neither directories nor symbolic links to be ignored if they are about
153 to be processed a second time. If a directory or a symbolic link
154 are about to be processed a second time, File::Find dies.
156 C<follow_skip==0> causes File::Find to die if any file is about to be
157 processed a second time.
159 C<follow_skip==2> causes File::Find to ignore any duplicate files and
160 directories but to proceed normally otherwise.
162 =item C<dangling_symlinks>
164 If true and a code reference, will be called with the symbolic link
165 name and the directory it lives in as arguments. Otherwise, if true
166 and warnings are on, warning "symbolic_link_name is a dangling
167 symbolic link\n" will be issued. If false, the dangling symbolic link
168 will be silently ignored.
172 Does not C<chdir()> to each directory as it recurses. The C<wanted()>
173 function will need to be aware of this, of course. In this case,
174 C<$_> will be the same as C<$File::Find::name>.
178 If find is used in taint-mode (-T command line switch or if EUID != UID
179 or if EGID != GID) then internally directory names have to be untainted
180 before they can be chdir'ed to. Therefore they are checked against a regular
181 expression I<untaint_pattern>. Note that all names passed to the user's
182 I<wanted()> function are still tainted. If this option is used while
183 not in taint-mode, C<untaint> is a no-op.
185 =item C<untaint_pattern>
187 See above. This should be set using the C<qr> quoting operator.
188 The default is set to C<qr|^([-+@\w./]+)$|>.
189 Note that the parentheses are vital.
191 =item C<untaint_skip>
193 If set, a directory which fails the I<untaint_pattern> is skipped,
194 including all its sub-directories. The default is to 'die' in such a case.
198 =head2 The wanted function
200 The C<wanted()> function does whatever verifications you want on
201 each file and directory. Note that despite its name, the C<wanted()>
202 function is a generic callback function, and does B<not> tell
203 File::Find if a file is "wanted" or not. In fact, its return value
206 The wanted function takes no arguments but rather does its work
207 through a collection of variables.
211 =item C<$File::Find::dir> is the current directory name,
213 =item C<$_> is the current filename within that directory
215 =item C<$File::Find::name> is the complete pathname to the file.
219 The above variables have all been localized and may be changed without
220 affecting data outside of the wanted function.
222 For example, when examining the file F</some/path/foo.ext> you will have:
224 $File::Find::dir = /some/path/
226 $File::Find::name = /some/path/foo.ext
228 You are chdir()'d to C<$File::Find::dir> when the function is called,
229 unless C<no_chdir> was specified. Note that when changing to
230 directories is in effect the root directory (F</>) is a somewhat
231 special case inasmuch as the concatenation of C<$File::Find::dir>,
232 C<'/'> and C<$_> is not literally equal to C<$File::Find::name>. The
233 table below summarizes all variants:
235 $File::Find::name $File::Find::dir $_
237 no_chdir=>0 /etc / etc
245 When C<follow> or C<follow_fast> are in effect, there is
246 also a C<$File::Find::fullname>. The function may set
247 C<$File::Find::prune> to prune the tree unless C<bydepth> was
248 specified. Unless C<follow> or C<follow_fast> is specified, for
249 compatibility reasons (find.pl, find2perl) there are in addition the
250 following globals available: C<$File::Find::topdir>,
251 C<$File::Find::topdev>, C<$File::Find::topino>,
252 C<$File::Find::topmode> and C<$File::Find::topnlink>.
254 This library is useful for the C<find2perl> tool, which when fed,
256 find2perl / -name .nfs\* -mtime +7 \
257 -exec rm -f {} \; -o -fstype nfs -prune
259 produces something like:
263 (($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid) = lstat($_)) &&
267 ($nlink || (($dev, $ino, $mode, $nlink, $uid, $gid) = lstat($_))) &&
269 ($File::Find::prune = 1);
272 Notice the C<_> in the above C<int(-M _)>: the C<_> is a magical
273 filehandle that caches the information from the preceding
274 C<stat()>, C<lstat()>, or filetest.
276 Here's another interesting wanted function. It will find all symbolic
277 links that don't resolve:
280 -l && !-e && print "bogus link: $File::Find::name\n";
283 See also the script C<pfind> on CPAN for a nice application of this
288 If you run your program with the C<-w> switch, or if you use the
289 C<warnings> pragma, File::Find will report warnings for several weird
290 situations. You can disable these warnings by putting the statement
292 no warnings 'File::Find';
294 in the appropriate scope. See L<perllexwarn> for more info about lexical
301 =item $dont_use_nlink
303 You can set the variable C<$File::Find::dont_use_nlink> to 1, if you want to
304 force File::Find to always stat directories. This was used for file systems
305 that do not have an C<nlink> count matching the number of sub-directories.
306 Examples are ISO-9660 (CD-ROM), AFS, HPFS (OS/2 file system), FAT (DOS file
307 system) and a couple of others.
309 You shouldn't need to set this variable, since File::Find should now detect
310 such file systems on-the-fly and switch itself to using stat. This works even
311 for parts of your file system, like a mounted CD-ROM.
313 If you do set C<$File::Find::dont_use_nlink> to 1, you will notice slow-downs.
317 Be aware that the option to follow symbolic links can be dangerous.
318 Depending on the structure of the directory tree (including symbolic
319 links to directories) you might traverse a given (physical) directory
320 more than once (only if C<follow_fast> is in effect).
321 Furthermore, deleting or changing files in a symbolically linked directory
322 might cause very unpleasant surprises, since you delete or change files
323 in an unknown directory.
333 Mac OS (Classic) users should note a few differences:
339 The path separator is ':', not '/', and the current directory is denoted
340 as ':', not '.'. You should be careful about specifying relative pathnames.
341 While a full path always begins with a volume name, a relative pathname
342 should always begin with a ':'. If specifying a volume name only, a
343 trailing ':' is required.
347 C<$File::Find::dir> is guaranteed to end with a ':'. If C<$_>
348 contains the name of a directory, that name may or may not end with a
349 ':'. Likewise, C<$File::Find::name>, which contains the complete
350 pathname to that directory, and C<$File::Find::fullname>, which holds
351 the absolute pathname of that directory with all symbolic links resolved,
352 may or may not end with a ':'.
356 The default C<untaint_pattern> (see above) on Mac OS is set to
357 C<qr|^(.+)$|>. Note that the parentheses are vital.
361 The invisible system file "Icon\015" is ignored. While this file may
362 appear in every directory, there are some more invisible system files
363 on every volume, which are all located at the volume root level (i.e.
364 "MacintoshHD:"). These system files are B<not> excluded automatically.
365 Your filter may use the following code to recognize invisible files or
366 directories (requires Mac::Files):
370 # invisible() -- returns 1 if file/directory is invisible,
371 # 0 if it's visible or undef if an error occurred
375 my ($fileCat, $fileInfo);
376 my $invisible_flag = 1 << 14;
378 if ( $fileCat = FSpGetCatInfo($file) ) {
379 if ($fileInfo = $fileCat->ioFlFndrInfo() ) {
380 return (($fileInfo->fdFlags & $invisible_flag) && 1);
386 Generally, invisible files are system files, unless an odd application
387 decides to use invisible files for its own purposes. To distinguish
388 such files from system files, you have to look at the B<type> and B<creator>
389 file attributes. The MacPerl built-in functions C<GetFileInfo(FILE)> and
390 C<SetFileInfo(CREATOR, TYPE, FILES)> offer access to these attributes
391 (see MacPerl.pm for details).
393 Files that appear on the desktop actually reside in an (hidden) directory
394 named "Desktop Folder" on the particular disk volume. Note that, although
395 all desktop files appear to be on the same "virtual" desktop, each disk
396 volume actually maintains its own "Desktop Folder" directory.
402 =head1 BUGS AND CAVEATS
404 Despite the name of the C<finddepth()> function, both C<find()> and
405 C<finddepth()> perform a depth-first search of the directory
410 File::Find used to produce incorrect results if called recursively.
411 During the development of perl 5.8 this bug was fixed.
412 The first fixed version of File::Find was 1.01.
420 our @ISA = qw(Exporter);
421 our @EXPORT = qw(find finddepth);
427 require File::Basename;
430 # Should ideally be my() not our() but local() currently
431 # refuses to operate on lexicals
434 our ($wanted_callback, $avoid_nlink, $bydepth, $no_chdir, $follow,
435 $follow_skip, $full_check, $untaint, $untaint_skip, $untaint_pat,
436 $pre_process, $post_process, $dangling_symlinks);
441 return substr($cdir,0,rindex($cdir,'/')) if $fn eq $File::Find::current_dir;
443 $cdir = substr($cdir,0,rindex($cdir,'/')+1);
447 my $abs_name= $cdir . $fn;
449 if (substr($fn,0,3) eq '../') {
450 1 while $abs_name =~ s!/[^/]*/\.\./+!/!;
456 # return the absolute name of a directory or file
457 sub contract_name_Mac {
461 if ($fn =~ /^(:+)(.*)$/) { # valid pathname starting with a ':'
463 my $colon_count = length ($1);
464 if ($colon_count == 1) {
465 $abs_name = $cdir . $2;
469 # need to move up the tree, but
470 # only if it's not a volume name
471 for (my $i=1; $i<$colon_count; $i++) {
472 unless ($cdir =~ /^[^:]+:$/) { # volume name
473 $cdir =~ s/[^:]+:$//;
479 $abs_name = $cdir . $2;
486 # $fn may be a valid path to a directory or file or (dangling)
487 # symlink, without a leading ':'
488 if ( (-e $fn) || (-l $fn) ) {
489 if ($fn =~ /^[^:]+:/) { # a volume name like DataHD:*
490 return $fn; # $fn is already an absolute path
493 $abs_name = $cdir . $fn;
497 else { # argh!, $fn is not a valid directory/file
503 sub PathCombine($$) {
504 my ($Base,$Name) = @_;
507 if (substr($Name,0,1) eq '/') {
511 $AbsName= contract_name($Base,$Name);
514 # (simple) check for recursion
515 my $newlen= length($AbsName);
516 if ($newlen <= length($Base)) {
517 if (($newlen == length($Base) || substr($Base,$newlen,1) eq '/')
518 && $AbsName eq substr($Base,0,$newlen))
526 sub Follow_SymLink($) {
529 my ($NewName,$DEV, $INO);
530 ($DEV, $INO)= lstat $AbsName;
533 if ($SLnkSeen{$DEV, $INO}++) {
534 if ($follow_skip < 2) {
535 die "$AbsName is encountered a second time";
541 $NewName= PathCombine($AbsName, readlink($AbsName));
542 unless(defined $NewName) {
543 if ($follow_skip < 2) {
544 die "$AbsName is a recursive symbolic link";
553 ($DEV, $INO) = lstat($AbsName);
554 return undef unless defined $DEV; # dangling symbolic link
557 if ($full_check && defined $DEV && $SLnkSeen{$DEV, $INO}++) {
558 if ( ($follow_skip < 1) || ((-d _) && ($follow_skip < 2)) ) {
559 die "$AbsName encountered a second time";
569 our($dir, $name, $fullname, $prune);
570 sub _find_dir_symlnk($$$);
573 # check whether or not a scalar variable is tainted
574 # (code straight from the Camel, 3rd ed., page 561)
577 my $nada = substr($arg, 0, 0); # zero-length
579 eval { eval "# $nada" };
580 return length($@) != 0;
585 die "invalid top directory" unless defined $_[0];
587 # This function must local()ize everything because callbacks may
588 # call find() or finddepth()
591 local ($wanted_callback, $avoid_nlink, $bydepth, $no_chdir, $follow,
592 $follow_skip, $full_check, $untaint, $untaint_skip, $untaint_pat,
593 $pre_process, $post_process, $dangling_symlinks);
594 local($dir, $name, $fullname, $prune);
597 my $cwd = $wanted->{bydepth} ? Cwd::fastcwd() : Cwd::getcwd();
599 # VMS returns this by default in VMS format which just doesn't
600 # work for the rest of this module.
601 $cwd = VMS::Filespec::unixpath($cwd);
603 # Apparently this is not expected to have a trailing space.
604 # To attempt to make VMS/UNIX conversions mostly reversable,
605 # a trailing slash is needed. The run-time functions ignore the
606 # resulting double slash, but it causes the perl tests to fail.
609 # This comes up in upper case now, but should be lower.
610 # In the future this could be exact case, no need to change.
612 my $cwd_untainted = $cwd;
614 $wanted_callback = $wanted->{wanted};
615 $bydepth = $wanted->{bydepth};
616 $pre_process = $wanted->{preprocess};
617 $post_process = $wanted->{postprocess};
618 $no_chdir = $wanted->{no_chdir};
619 $full_check = $^O eq 'MSWin32' ? 0 : $wanted->{follow};
620 $follow = $^O eq 'MSWin32' ? 0 :
621 $full_check || $wanted->{follow_fast};
622 $follow_skip = $wanted->{follow_skip};
623 $untaint = $wanted->{untaint};
624 $untaint_pat = $wanted->{untaint_pattern};
625 $untaint_skip = $wanted->{untaint_skip};
626 $dangling_symlinks = $wanted->{dangling_symlinks};
628 # for compatibility reasons (find.pl, find2perl)
629 local our ($topdir, $topdev, $topino, $topmode, $topnlink);
631 # a symbolic link to a directory doesn't increase the link count
632 $avoid_nlink = $follow || $File::Find::dont_use_nlink;
634 my ($abs_dir, $Is_Dir);
637 foreach my $TOP (@_) {
640 ($topdev,$topino,$topmode,$topnlink) = $follow ? stat $top_item : lstat $top_item;
642 if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
643 $top_item =~ s|/\z|| unless $top_item =~ m|\w:/$|;
646 $top_item =~ s|/\z|| unless $top_item eq '/';
653 if (substr($top_item,0,1) eq '/') {
654 $abs_dir = $top_item;
656 elsif ($top_item eq $File::Find::current_dir) {
659 else { # care about any ../
660 $top_item =~ s/\.dir\z//i if $Is_VMS;
661 $abs_dir = contract_name("$cwd/",$top_item);
663 $abs_dir= Follow_SymLink($abs_dir);
664 unless (defined $abs_dir) {
665 if ($dangling_symlinks) {
666 if (ref $dangling_symlinks eq 'CODE') {
667 $dangling_symlinks->($top_item, $cwd);
669 warnings::warnif "$top_item is a dangling symbolic link\n";
676 $top_item =~ s/\.dir\z//i if $Is_VMS;
677 _find_dir_symlnk($wanted, $abs_dir, $top_item);
683 unless (defined $topnlink) {
684 warnings::warnif "Can't stat $top_item: $!\n";
688 $top_item =~ s/\.dir\z//i if $Is_VMS;
689 _find_dir($wanted, $top_item, $topnlink);
698 unless (($_,$dir) = File::Basename::fileparse($abs_dir)) {
699 ($dir,$_) = ('./', $top_item);
703 if (( $untaint ) && (is_tainted($dir) )) {
704 ( $abs_dir ) = $dir =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
705 unless (defined $abs_dir) {
706 if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
707 die "directory $dir is still tainted";
715 unless ($no_chdir || chdir $abs_dir) {
716 warnings::warnif "Couldn't chdir $abs_dir: $!\n";
720 $name = $abs_dir . $_; # $File::Find::name
721 $_ = $name if $no_chdir;
723 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
727 unless ( $no_chdir ) {
728 if ( ($check_t_cwd) && (($untaint) && (is_tainted($cwd) )) ) {
729 ( $cwd_untainted ) = $cwd =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
730 unless (defined $cwd_untainted) {
731 die "insecure cwd in find(depth)";
735 unless (chdir $cwd_untainted) {
736 die "Can't cd to $cwd: $!\n";
744 # $p_dir : "parent directory"
745 # $nlink : what came back from the stat
747 # chdir (if not no_chdir) to dir
750 my ($wanted, $p_dir, $nlink) = @_;
751 my ($CdLvl,$Level) = (0,0);
754 my ($subcount,$sub_nlink);
756 my $dir_name= $p_dir;
758 my $dir_rel = $File::Find::current_dir;
762 if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
763 $dir_pref = ($p_dir =~ m|\w:/?$| ? $p_dir : "$p_dir/" );
764 } elsif ($^O eq 'VMS') {
766 # VMS is returning trailing .dir on directories
767 # and trailing . on files and symbolic links
771 $p_dir =~ s/\.(dir)?$//i unless $p_dir eq '.';
773 $dir_pref = ($p_dir =~ m/[\]>]+$/ ? $p_dir : "$p_dir/" );
776 $dir_pref= ( $p_dir eq '/' ? '/' : "$p_dir/" );
779 local ($dir, $name, $prune, *DIR);
781 unless ( $no_chdir || ($p_dir eq $File::Find::current_dir)) {
783 if (( $untaint ) && (is_tainted($p_dir) )) {
784 ( $udir ) = $p_dir =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
785 unless (defined $udir) {
786 if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
787 die "directory $p_dir is still tainted";
794 unless (chdir ($Is_VMS && $udir !~ /[\/\[<]+/ ? "./$udir" : $udir)) {
795 warnings::warnif "Can't cd to $udir: $!\n";
800 # push the starting directory
801 push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$p_dir,$dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
803 while (defined $SE) {
805 $dir= $p_dir; # $File::Find::dir
806 $name= $dir_name; # $File::Find::name
807 $_= ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel ); # $_
808 # prune may happen here
810 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
814 # change to that directory
815 unless ($no_chdir || ($dir_rel eq $File::Find::current_dir)) {
817 if ( ($untaint) && (($tainted) || ($tainted = is_tainted($dir_rel) )) ) {
818 ( $udir ) = $dir_rel =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
819 unless (defined $udir) {
820 if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
821 die "directory (" . ($p_dir ne '/' ? $p_dir : '') . "/) $dir_rel is still tainted";
822 } else { # $untaint_skip == 1
827 unless (chdir ($Is_VMS && $udir !~ /[\/\[<]+/ ? "./$udir" : $udir)) {
828 warnings::warnif "Can't cd to (" .
829 ($p_dir ne '/' ? $p_dir : '') . "/) $udir: $!\n";
835 $dir= $dir_name; # $File::Find::dir
837 # Get the list of files in the current directory.
838 unless (opendir DIR, ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $File::Find::current_dir)) {
839 warnings::warnif "Can't opendir($dir_name): $!\n";
842 @filenames = readdir DIR;
844 @filenames = $pre_process->(@filenames) if $pre_process;
845 push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$dir_name,"",-2] if $post_process;
847 # default: use whatever was specifid
848 # (if $nlink >= 2, and $avoid_nlink == 0, this will switch back)
849 $no_nlink = $avoid_nlink;
850 # if dir has wrong nlink count, force switch to slower stat method
851 $no_nlink = 1 if ($nlink < 2);
853 if ($nlink == 2 && !$no_nlink) {
854 # This dir has no subdirectories.
855 for my $FN (@filenames) {
857 # Big hammer here - Compensate for VMS trailing . and .dir
858 # No win situation until this is changed, but this
859 # will handle the majority of the cases with breaking the fewest
862 $FN =~ s#\.$## if ($FN ne '.');
864 next if $FN =~ $File::Find::skip_pattern;
866 $name = $dir_pref . $FN; # $File::Find::name
867 $_ = ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN); # $_
868 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
873 # This dir has subdirectories.
874 $subcount = $nlink - 2;
876 # HACK: insert directories at this position. so as to preserve
877 # the user pre-processed ordering of files.
878 # EG: directory traversal is in user sorted order, not at random.
879 my $stack_top = @Stack;
881 for my $FN (@filenames) {
882 next if $FN =~ $File::Find::skip_pattern;
883 if ($subcount > 0 || $no_nlink) {
884 # Seen all the subdirs?
885 # check for directoriness.
886 # stat is faster for a file in the current directory
887 $sub_nlink = (lstat ($no_chdir ? $dir_pref . $FN : $FN))[3];
891 $FN =~ s/\.dir\z//i if $Is_VMS;
892 # HACK: replace push to preserve dir traversal order
893 #push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$dir_name,$FN,$sub_nlink];
894 splice @Stack, $stack_top, 0,
895 [$CdLvl,$dir_name,$FN,$sub_nlink];
898 $name = $dir_pref . $FN; # $File::Find::name
899 $_= ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN); # $_
900 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
904 $name = $dir_pref . $FN; # $File::Find::name
905 $_= ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN); # $_
906 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
912 while ( defined ($SE = pop @Stack) ) {
913 ($Level, $p_dir, $dir_rel, $nlink) = @$SE;
914 if ($CdLvl > $Level && !$no_chdir) {
917 $tmp = '[' . ('-' x ($CdLvl-$Level)) . ']';
920 $tmp = join('/',('..') x ($CdLvl-$Level));
922 die "Can't cd to $tmp from $dir_name"
927 if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
928 $dir_name = ($p_dir =~ m|\w:/?$| ? "$p_dir$dir_rel" : "$p_dir/$dir_rel");
929 $dir_pref = "$dir_name/";
931 elsif ($^O eq 'VMS') {
932 if ($p_dir =~ m/[\]>]+$/) {
934 $dir_name =~ s/([\]>]+)$/.$dir_rel$1/;
935 $dir_pref = $dir_name;
938 $dir_name = "$p_dir/$dir_rel";
939 $dir_pref = "$dir_name/";
943 $dir_name = ($p_dir eq '/' ? "/$dir_rel" : "$p_dir/$dir_rel");
944 $dir_pref = "$dir_name/";
947 if ( $nlink == -2 ) {
948 $name = $dir = $p_dir; # $File::Find::name / dir
949 $_ = $File::Find::current_dir;
950 $post_process->(); # End-of-directory processing
952 elsif ( $nlink < 0 ) { # must be finddepth, report dirname now
954 if ( substr($name,-2) eq '/.' ) {
955 substr($name, length($name) == 2 ? -1 : -2) = '';
958 $_ = ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel );
959 if ( substr($_,-2) eq '/.' ) {
960 substr($_, length($_) == 2 ? -1 : -2) = '';
962 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
965 push @Stack,[$CdLvl,$p_dir,$dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
975 # $dir_loc : absolute location of a dir
976 # $p_dir : "parent directory"
978 # chdir (if not no_chdir) to dir
980 sub _find_dir_symlnk($$$) {
981 my ($wanted, $dir_loc, $p_dir) = @_; # $dir_loc is the absolute directory
985 my $updir_loc = $dir_loc; # untainted parent directory
987 my $dir_name = $p_dir;
990 my $dir_rel = $File::Find::current_dir;
991 my $byd_flag; # flag for pending stack entry if $bydepth
995 $dir_pref = ( $p_dir eq '/' ? '/' : "$p_dir/" );
996 $loc_pref = ( $dir_loc eq '/' ? '/' : "$dir_loc/" );
998 local ($dir, $name, $fullname, $prune, *DIR);
1000 unless ($no_chdir) {
1001 # untaint the topdir
1002 if (( $untaint ) && (is_tainted($dir_loc) )) {
1003 ( $updir_loc ) = $dir_loc =~ m|$untaint_pat|; # parent dir, now untainted
1004 # once untainted, $updir_loc is pushed on the stack (as parent directory);
1005 # hence, we don't need to untaint the parent directory every time we chdir
1007 unless (defined $updir_loc) {
1008 if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
1009 die "directory $dir_loc is still tainted";
1016 $ok = chdir($updir_loc) unless ($p_dir eq $File::Find::current_dir);
1018 warnings::warnif "Can't cd to $updir_loc: $!\n";
1023 push @Stack,[$dir_loc,$updir_loc,$p_dir,$dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
1025 while (defined $SE) {
1028 # change (back) to parent directory (always untainted)
1029 unless ($no_chdir) {
1030 unless (chdir $updir_loc) {
1031 warnings::warnif "Can't cd to $updir_loc: $!\n";
1035 $dir= $p_dir; # $File::Find::dir
1036 $name= $dir_name; # $File::Find::name
1037 $_= ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel ); # $_
1038 $fullname= $dir_loc; # $File::Find::fullname
1039 # prune may happen here
1041 lstat($_); # make sure file tests with '_' work
1042 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
1046 # change to that directory
1047 unless ($no_chdir || ($dir_rel eq $File::Find::current_dir)) {
1048 $updir_loc = $dir_loc;
1049 if ( ($untaint) && (($tainted) || ($tainted = is_tainted($dir_loc) )) ) {
1050 # untaint $dir_loc, what will be pushed on the stack as (untainted) parent dir
1051 ( $updir_loc ) = $dir_loc =~ m|$untaint_pat|;
1052 unless (defined $updir_loc) {
1053 if ($untaint_skip == 0) {
1054 die "directory $dir_loc is still tainted";
1061 unless (chdir $updir_loc) {
1062 warnings::warnif "Can't cd to $updir_loc: $!\n";
1067 $dir = $dir_name; # $File::Find::dir
1069 # Get the list of files in the current directory.
1070 unless (opendir DIR, ($no_chdir ? $dir_loc : $File::Find::current_dir)) {
1071 warnings::warnif "Can't opendir($dir_loc): $!\n";
1074 @filenames = readdir DIR;
1077 for my $FN (@filenames) {
1079 # Big hammer here - Compensate for VMS trailing . and .dir
1080 # No win situation until this is changed, but this
1081 # will handle the majority of the cases with breaking the fewest.
1083 $FN =~ s/\.dir\z//i;
1084 $FN =~ s#\.$## if ($FN ne '.');
1086 next if $FN =~ $File::Find::skip_pattern;
1088 # follow symbolic links / do an lstat
1089 $new_loc = Follow_SymLink($loc_pref.$FN);
1091 # ignore if invalid symlink
1092 unless (defined $new_loc) {
1093 if (!defined -l _ && $dangling_symlinks) {
1094 if (ref $dangling_symlinks eq 'CODE') {
1095 $dangling_symlinks->($FN, $dir_pref);
1097 warnings::warnif "$dir_pref$FN is a dangling symbolic link\n";
1102 $name = $dir_pref . $FN;
1103 $_ = ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN);
1104 { $wanted_callback->() };
1110 $FN =~ s/\.dir\z//i;
1111 $FN =~ s#\.$## if ($FN ne '.');
1112 $new_loc =~ s/\.dir\z//i;
1113 $new_loc =~ s#\.$## if ($new_loc ne '.');
1115 push @Stack,[$new_loc,$updir_loc,$dir_name,$FN,1];
1118 $fullname = $new_loc; # $File::Find::fullname
1119 $name = $dir_pref . $FN; # $File::Find::name
1120 $_ = ($no_chdir ? $name : $FN); # $_
1121 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
1127 while (defined($SE = pop @Stack)) {
1128 ($dir_loc, $updir_loc, $p_dir, $dir_rel, $byd_flag) = @$SE;
1129 $dir_name = ($p_dir eq '/' ? "/$dir_rel" : "$p_dir/$dir_rel");
1130 $dir_pref = "$dir_name/";
1131 $loc_pref = "$dir_loc/";
1132 if ( $byd_flag < 0 ) { # must be finddepth, report dirname now
1133 unless ($no_chdir || ($dir_rel eq $File::Find::current_dir)) {
1134 unless (chdir $updir_loc) { # $updir_loc (parent dir) is always untainted
1135 warnings::warnif "Can't cd to $updir_loc: $!\n";
1139 $fullname = $dir_loc; # $File::Find::fullname
1140 $name = $dir_name; # $File::Find::name
1141 if ( substr($name,-2) eq '/.' ) {
1142 substr($name, length($name) == 2 ? -1 : -2) = ''; # $File::Find::name
1144 $dir = $p_dir; # $File::Find::dir
1145 $_ = ($no_chdir ? $dir_name : $dir_rel); # $_
1146 if ( substr($_,-2) eq '/.' ) {
1147 substr($_, length($_) == 2 ? -1 : -2) = '';
1150 lstat($_); # make sure file tests with '_' work
1151 { $wanted_callback->() }; # protect against wild "next"
1154 push @Stack,[$dir_loc, $updir_loc, $p_dir, $dir_rel,-1] if $bydepth;
1164 if ( ref($wanted) eq 'HASH' ) {
1165 unless( exists $wanted->{wanted} and ref( $wanted->{wanted} ) eq 'CODE' ) {
1166 die 'no &wanted subroutine given';
1168 if ( $wanted->{follow} || $wanted->{follow_fast}) {
1169 $wanted->{follow_skip} = 1 unless defined $wanted->{follow_skip};
1171 if ( $wanted->{untaint} ) {
1172 $wanted->{untaint_pattern} = $File::Find::untaint_pattern
1173 unless defined $wanted->{untaint_pattern};
1174 $wanted->{untaint_skip} = 0 unless defined $wanted->{untaint_skip};
1178 elsif( ref( $wanted ) eq 'CODE' ) {
1179 return { wanted => $wanted };
1182 die 'no &wanted subroutine given';
1188 _find_opt(wrap_wanted($wanted), @_);
1192 my $wanted = wrap_wanted(shift);
1193 $wanted->{bydepth} = 1;
1194 _find_opt($wanted, @_);
1198 $File::Find::skip_pattern = qr/^\.{1,2}\z/;
1199 $File::Find::untaint_pattern = qr|^([-+@\w./]+)$|;
1201 # These are hard-coded for now, but may move to hint files.
1204 $File::Find::dont_use_nlink = 1;
1207 # this _should_ work properly on all platforms
1208 # where File::Find can be expected to work
1209 $File::Find::current_dir = File::Spec->curdir || '.';
1211 $File::Find::dont_use_nlink = 1
1212 if $^O eq 'os2' || $^O eq 'dos' || $^O eq 'amigaos' || $^O eq 'MSWin32' ||
1213 $^O eq 'interix' || $^O eq 'cygwin' || $^O eq 'epoc' || $^O eq 'qnx' ||
1216 # Set dont_use_nlink in your hint file if your system's stat doesn't
1217 # report the number of links in a directory as an indication
1218 # of the number of files.
1219 # See, e.g. hints/machten.sh for MachTen 2.2.
1220 unless ($File::Find::dont_use_nlink) {
1222 $File::Find::dont_use_nlink = 1 if ($Config::Config{'dont_use_nlink'});
1225 # We need a function that checks if a scalar is tainted. Either use the
1226 # Scalar::Util module's tainted() function or our (slower) pure Perl
1227 # fallback is_tainted_pp()
1230 eval { require Scalar::Util };
1231 *is_tainted = $@ ? \&is_tainted_pp : \&Scalar::Util::tainted;