3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * Then he heard Merry change the note, and up went the Horn-cry of Buckland,
15 * Awake! Awake! Fear, Fire, Foes! Awake!
18 * [p.1007 of _The Lord of the Rings_, VI/viii: "The Scouring of the Shire"]
21 /* This file contains 'hot' pp ("push/pop") functions that
22 * execute the opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function
23 * expects to find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its
24 * results onto the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure
25 * contains a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
27 * By 'hot', we mean common ops whose execution speed is critical.
28 * By gathering them together into a single file, we encourage
29 * CPU cache hits on hot code. Also it could be taken as a warning not to
30 * change any code in this file unless you're sure it won't affect
35 #define PERL_IN_PP_HOT_C
51 PL_curcop = (COP*)PL_op;
52 TAINT_NOT; /* Each statement is presumed innocent */
53 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + cxstack[cxstack_ix].blk_oldsp;
64 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
65 PUSHs(save_scalar(cGVOP_gv));
67 PUSHs(GvSVn(cGVOP_gv));
77 /* This is sometimes called directly by pp_coreargs and pp_grepstart. */
81 PUSHMARK(PL_stack_sp);
96 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cGVOP_gv));
107 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_AND)
109 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
116 /* sassign keeps its args in the optree traditionally backwards.
117 So we pop them differently.
119 SV *left = POPs; SV *right = TOPs;
121 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS) {
122 SV * const temp = left;
123 left = right; right = temp;
125 if (PL_tainting && PL_tainted && !SvTAINTED(right))
127 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpASSIGN_CV_TO_GV) {
128 SV * const cv = SvRV(right);
129 const U32 cv_type = SvTYPE(cv);
130 const bool is_gv = isGV_with_GP(left);
131 const bool got_coderef = cv_type == SVt_PVCV || cv_type == SVt_PVFM;
137 /* Can do the optimisation if left (LVALUE) is not a typeglob,
138 right (RVALUE) is a reference to something, and we're in void
140 if (!got_coderef && !is_gv && GIMME_V == G_VOID) {
141 /* Is the target symbol table currently empty? */
142 GV * const gv = gv_fetchsv_nomg(left, GV_NOINIT, SVt_PVGV);
143 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV && !SvOK(gv)) {
144 /* Good. Create a new proxy constant subroutine in the target.
145 The gv becomes a(nother) reference to the constant. */
146 SV *const value = SvRV(cv);
148 SvUPGRADE(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_IV);
149 SvPCS_IMPORTED_on(gv);
151 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(value);
157 /* Need to fix things up. */
159 /* Need to fix GV. */
160 left = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv_nomg(left,GV_ADD, SVt_PVGV));
164 /* We've been returned a constant rather than a full subroutine,
165 but they expect a subroutine reference to apply. */
167 ENTER_with_name("sassign_coderef");
168 SvREFCNT_inc_void(SvRV(cv));
169 /* newCONSTSUB takes a reference count on the passed in SV
170 from us. We set the name to NULL, otherwise we get into
171 all sorts of fun as the reference to our new sub is
172 donated to the GV that we're about to assign to.
174 SvRV_set(right, MUTABLE_SV(newCONSTSUB(GvSTASH(left), NULL,
177 LEAVE_with_name("sassign_coderef");
179 /* What can happen for the corner case *{"BONK"} = \&{"BONK"};
181 First: ops for \&{"BONK"}; return us the constant in the
183 Second: ops for *{"BONK"} cause that symbol table entry
184 (and our reference to it) to be upgraded from RV
186 Thirdly: We get here. cv is actually PVGV now, and its
187 GvCV() is actually the subroutine we're looking for
189 So change the reference so that it points to the subroutine
190 of that typeglob, as that's what they were after all along.
192 GV *const upgraded = MUTABLE_GV(cv);
193 CV *const source = GvCV(upgraded);
196 assert(CvFLAGS(source) & CVf_CONST);
198 SvREFCNT_inc_void(source);
199 SvREFCNT_dec(upgraded);
200 SvRV_set(right, MUTABLE_SV(source));
206 SvTEMP(left) && !SvSMAGICAL(left) && SvREFCNT(left) == 1 &&
207 (!isGV_with_GP(left) || SvFAKE(left)) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)
210 packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Useless assignment to a temporary"
212 SvSetMagicSV(left, right);
222 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
224 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_next);
231 TAINT_NOT; /* Each statement is presumed innocent */
232 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + cxstack[cxstack_ix].blk_oldsp;
234 if (!(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
235 I32 oldsave = PL_scopestack[PL_scopestack_ix - 1];
236 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
243 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin_MG(concat_amg, AMGf_assign);
248 const char *rpv = NULL;
250 bool rcopied = FALSE;
252 if (TARG == right && right != left) { /* $r = $l.$r */
253 rpv = SvPV_nomg_const(right, rlen);
254 rbyte = !DO_UTF8(right);
255 right = newSVpvn_flags(rpv, rlen, SVs_TEMP);
256 rpv = SvPV_const(right, rlen); /* no point setting UTF-8 here */
260 if (TARG != left) { /* not $l .= $r */
262 const char* const lpv = SvPV_nomg_const(left, llen);
263 lbyte = !DO_UTF8(left);
264 sv_setpvn(TARG, lpv, llen);
270 else { /* $l .= $r */
272 if (left == right && ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) /* $l .= $l */
273 report_uninit(right);
276 lbyte = (SvROK(left) && SvTYPE(SvRV(left)) == SVt_REGEXP)
277 ? !DO_UTF8(SvRV(left)) : !DO_UTF8(left);
284 /* $r.$r: do magic twice: tied might return different 2nd time */
286 rpv = SvPV_nomg_const(right, rlen);
287 rbyte = !DO_UTF8(right);
289 if (lbyte != rbyte) {
290 /* sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg() may reallocate the stack */
293 sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(TARG);
296 right = newSVpvn_flags(rpv, rlen, SVs_TEMP);
297 sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(right);
298 rpv = SvPV_nomg_const(right, rlen);
302 sv_catpvn_nomg(TARG, rpv, rlen);
313 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD) {
314 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
315 if (!(PL_op->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE))
316 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ));
317 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
319 TOPs = vivify_ref(TOPs, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF);
332 tryAMAGICunTARGETlist(iter_amg, 0, 0);
333 PL_last_in_gv = MUTABLE_GV(*PL_stack_sp--);
335 else PL_last_in_gv = PL_argvgv, PL_stack_sp--;
336 if (!isGV_with_GP(PL_last_in_gv)) {
337 if (SvROK(PL_last_in_gv) && isGV_with_GP(SvRV(PL_last_in_gv)))
338 PL_last_in_gv = MUTABLE_GV(SvRV(PL_last_in_gv));
341 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(PL_last_in_gv));
344 PL_last_in_gv = MUTABLE_GV(*PL_stack_sp--);
347 return do_readline();
355 tryAMAGICbin_MG(eq_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
359 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
360 ? (SvIVX(left) == SvIVX(right))
361 : ( do_ncmp(left, right) == 0)
370 PL_op->op_type == OP_PREINC || PL_op->op_type == OP_I_PREINC;
371 if (SvTYPE(TOPs) >= SVt_PVAV || (isGV_with_GP(TOPs) && !SvFAKE(TOPs)))
372 Perl_croak_no_modify(aTHX);
373 if (!SvREADONLY(TOPs) && !SvGMAGICAL(TOPs) && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)
374 && SvIVX(TOPs) != (inc ? IV_MAX : IV_MIN))
376 SvIV_set(TOPs, SvIVX(TOPs) + (inc ? 1 : -1));
377 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
379 else /* Do all the PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV conditionals in sv_inc */
380 if (inc) sv_inc(TOPs);
393 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_OR)
395 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
404 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
405 const bool is_dor = (op_type == OP_DOR || op_type == OP_DORASSIGN);
410 if (!sv || !SvANY(sv)) {
411 if (op_type == OP_DOR)
413 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
419 if (!sv || !SvANY(sv))
424 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
426 if (AvMAX(sv) >= 0 || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || (SvRMAGICAL(sv) && mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
430 if (HvARRAY(sv) || SvGMAGICAL(sv) || (SvRMAGICAL(sv) && mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
434 if (CvROOT(sv) || CvXSUB(sv))
447 if(op_type == OP_DOR)
449 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
451 /* assuming OP_DEFINED */
459 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; bool useleft; SV *svl, *svr;
460 tryAMAGICbin_MG(add_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
464 useleft = USE_LEFT(svl);
465 #ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
466 /* We must see if we can perform the addition with integers if possible,
467 as the integer code detects overflow while the NV code doesn't.
468 If either argument hasn't had a numeric conversion yet attempt to get
469 the IV. It's important to do this now, rather than just assuming that
470 it's not IOK as a PV of "9223372036854775806" may not take well to NV
471 addition, and an SV which is NOK, NV=6.0 ought to be coerced to
472 integer in case the second argument is IV=9223372036854775806
473 We can (now) rely on sv_2iv to do the right thing, only setting the
474 public IOK flag if the value in the NV (or PV) slot is truly integer.
476 A side effect is that this also aggressively prefers integer maths over
477 fp maths for integer values.
479 How to detect overflow?
481 C 99 section 6.2.6.1 says
483 The range of nonnegative values of a signed integer type is a subrange
484 of the corresponding unsigned integer type, and the representation of
485 the same value in each type is the same. A computation involving
486 unsigned operands can never overflow, because a result that cannot be
487 represented by the resulting unsigned integer type is reduced modulo
488 the number that is one greater than the largest value that can be
489 represented by the resulting type.
493 which I read as "unsigned ints wrap."
495 signed integer overflow seems to be classed as "exception condition"
497 If an exceptional condition occurs during the evaluation of an
498 expression (that is, if the result is not mathematically defined or not
499 in the range of representable values for its type), the behavior is
502 (6.5, the 5th paragraph)
504 I had assumed that on 2s complement machines signed arithmetic would
505 wrap, hence coded pp_add and pp_subtract on the assumption that
506 everything perl builds on would be happy. After much wailing and
507 gnashing of teeth it would seem that irix64 knows its ANSI spec well,
508 knows that it doesn't need to, and doesn't. Bah. Anyway, the all-
509 unsigned code below is actually shorter than the old code. :-)
512 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr)) {
513 /* Unless the left argument is integer in range we are going to have to
514 use NV maths. Hence only attempt to coerce the right argument if
515 we know the left is integer. */
523 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero. + 0 is identity,
524 Could SETi or SETu right now, but space optimise by not adding
525 lots of code to speed up what is probably a rarish case. */
527 /* Left operand is defined, so is it IV? */
528 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
529 if ((auvok = SvUOK(svl)))
532 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
535 auvok = 1; /* Now acting as a sign flag. */
536 } else { /* 2s complement assumption for IV_MIN */
544 bool result_good = 0;
547 bool buvok = SvUOK(svr);
552 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
559 /* ?uvok if value is >= 0. basically, flagged as UV if it's +ve,
560 else "IV" now, independent of how it came in.
561 if a, b represents positive, A, B negative, a maps to -A etc
566 all UV maths. negate result if A negative.
567 add if signs same, subtract if signs differ. */
573 /* Must get smaller */
579 /* result really should be -(auv-buv). as its negation
580 of true value, need to swap our result flag */
597 if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
600 /* result valid, but out of range for IV. */
605 } /* Overflow, drop through to NVs. */
610 NV value = SvNV_nomg(svr);
613 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero. + 0.0 is identity. */
617 SETn( value + SvNV_nomg(svl) );
625 AV * const av = PL_op->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST_LEX
626 ? MUTABLE_AV(PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ)) : GvAVn(cGVOP_gv);
627 const U32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD;
628 SV** const svp = av_fetch(av, PL_op->op_private, lval);
629 SV *sv = (svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
631 if (!lval && SvRMAGICAL(av) && SvGMAGICAL(sv)) /* see note in pp_helem() */
639 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dTARGET;
641 do_join(TARG, *MARK, MARK, SP);
652 * We ass_u_me that LvTARGOFF() comes first, and that two STRLENs
653 * will be enough to hold an OP*.
655 SV* const sv = sv_newmortal();
656 sv_upgrade(sv, SVt_PVLV);
658 Copy(&PL_op, &LvTARGOFF(sv), 1, OP*);
661 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(PL_op));
666 /* Oversized hot code. */
670 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
674 = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) ? MUTABLE_GV(*++MARK) : PL_defoutgv;
678 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
681 if (MARK == ORIGMARK) {
682 /* If using default handle then we need to make space to
683 * pass object as 1st arg, so move other args up ...
687 Move(MARK, MARK + 1, (SP - MARK) + 1, SV*);
690 return Perl_tied_method(aTHX_ "PRINT", mark - 1, MUTABLE_SV(io),
692 (G_SCALAR | TIED_METHOD_ARGUMENTS_ON_STACK
693 | (PL_op->op_type == OP_SAY
694 ? TIED_METHOD_SAY : 0)), sp - mark);
697 if ( gv && GvEGVx(gv) && (io = GvIO(GvEGV(gv)))
698 && (mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar)))
701 SETERRNO(EBADF,RMS_IFI);
704 else if (!(fp = IoOFP(io))) {
706 report_wrongway_fh(gv, '<');
709 SETERRNO(EBADF,IoIFP(io)?RMS_FAC:RMS_IFI);
713 SV * const ofs = GvSV(PL_ofsgv); /* $, */
715 if (ofs && (SvGMAGICAL(ofs) || SvOK(ofs))) {
717 if (!do_print(*MARK, fp))
721 /* don't use 'ofs' here - it may be invalidated by magic callbacks */
722 if (!do_print(GvSV(PL_ofsgv), fp)) {
731 if (!do_print(*MARK, fp))
739 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_SAY) {
740 if (PerlIO_write(fp, "\n", 1) == 0 || PerlIO_error(fp))
743 else if (PL_ors_sv && SvOK(PL_ors_sv))
744 if (!do_print(PL_ors_sv, fp)) /* $\ */
747 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_FLUSH)
748 if (PerlIO_flush(fp) == EOF)
758 XPUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
765 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
766 static const char an_array[] = "an ARRAY";
767 static const char a_hash[] = "a HASH";
768 const bool is_pp_rv2av = PL_op->op_type == OP_RV2AV;
769 const svtype type = is_pp_rv2av ? SVt_PVAV : SVt_PVHV;
774 sv = amagic_deref_call(sv, is_pp_rv2av ? to_av_amg : to_hv_amg);
777 if (SvTYPE(sv) != type)
778 /* diag_listed_as: Not an ARRAY reference */
779 DIE(aTHX_ "Not %s reference", is_pp_rv2av ? an_array : a_hash);
780 else if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD
781 && PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
782 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_localize_ref);
784 else if (SvTYPE(sv) != type) {
787 if (!isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
788 gv = Perl_softref2xv(aTHX_ sv, is_pp_rv2av ? an_array : a_hash,
796 sv = is_pp_rv2av ? MUTABLE_SV(GvAVn(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(GvHVn(gv));
797 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
798 sv = is_pp_rv2av ? MUTABLE_SV(save_ary(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(save_hash(gv));
800 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
804 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_LVSUB) {
805 const I32 flags = is_lvalue_sub();
806 if (flags && !(flags & OPpENTERSUB_INARGS)) {
807 if (gimme != G_ARRAY)
808 goto croak_cant_return;
815 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(sv);
816 /* The guts of pp_rv2av, with no intending change to preserve history
817 (until such time as we get tools that can do blame annotation across
818 whitespace changes. */
819 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
820 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(av) + 1;
821 (void)POPs; /* XXXX May be optimized away? */
823 if (SvRMAGICAL(av)) {
825 for (i=0; i < (U32)maxarg; i++) {
826 SV ** const svp = av_fetch(av, i, FALSE);
827 /* See note in pp_helem, and bug id #27839 */
829 ? SvGMAGICAL(*svp) ? (mg_get(*svp), *svp) : *svp
834 Copy(AvARRAY(av), SP+1, maxarg, SV*);
838 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
840 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(av) + 1;
844 /* The guts of pp_rv2hv */
845 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) { /* array wanted */
847 return Perl_do_kv(aTHX);
849 else if ((PL_op->op_private & OPpTRUEBOOL
850 || ( PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_TRUEBOOL
851 && block_gimme() == G_VOID ))
852 && (!SvRMAGICAL(sv) || !mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
853 SETs(HvUSEDKEYS(sv) ? &PL_sv_yes : sv_2mortal(newSViv(0)));
854 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
856 TARG = Perl_hv_scalar(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(sv));
864 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context",
865 is_pp_rv2av ? "array" : "hash");
870 S_do_oddball(pTHX_ HV *hash, SV **relem, SV **firstrelem)
874 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_ODDBALL;
880 if (ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) {
882 if (relem == firstrelem &&
884 (SvTYPE(SvRV(*relem)) == SVt_PVAV ||
885 SvTYPE(SvRV(*relem)) == SVt_PVHV))
887 err = "Reference found where even-sized list expected";
890 err = "Odd number of elements in hash assignment";
891 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "%s", err);
895 didstore = hv_store_ent(hash,*relem,tmpstr,0);
896 if (SvMAGICAL(hash)) {
897 if (SvSMAGICAL(tmpstr))
909 SV **lastlelem = PL_stack_sp;
910 SV **lastrelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK;
911 SV **firstrelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK + 1;
912 SV **firstlelem = lastrelem + 1;
925 SV **firsthashrelem = NULL; /* "= 0" keeps gcc 2.95 quiet */
927 PL_delaymagic = DM_DELAY; /* catch simultaneous items */
930 /* If there's a common identifier on both sides we have to take
931 * special care that assigning the identifier on the left doesn't
932 * clobber a value on the right that's used later in the list.
933 * Don't bother if LHS is just an empty hash or array.
936 if ( (PL_op->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON)
938 firstlelem != lastlelem
939 || ! ((sv = *firstlelem))
941 || ! (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV || SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVHV)
942 || (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV && AvFILL((AV*)sv) != -1)
943 || (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVHV && HvUSEDKEYS((HV*)sv) != 0)
946 EXTEND_MORTAL(lastrelem - firstrelem + 1);
947 for (relem = firstrelem; relem <= lastrelem; relem++) {
949 TAINT_NOT; /* Each item is independent */
951 /* Dear TODO test in t/op/sort.t, I love you.
952 (It's relying on a panic, not a "semi-panic" from newSVsv()
953 and then an assertion failure below.) */
954 if (SvIS_FREED(sv)) {
955 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: attempt to copy freed scalar %p",
958 /* Specifically *not* sv_mortalcopy(), as that will steal TEMPs,
959 and we need a second copy of a temp here. */
960 *relem = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(sv));
970 while (lelem <= lastlelem) {
971 TAINT_NOT; /* Each item stands on its own, taintwise. */
973 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
975 ary = MUTABLE_AV(sv);
976 magic = SvMAGICAL(ary) != 0;
978 SAVEFREESV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(sv));
980 av_extend(ary, lastrelem - relem);
982 while (relem <= lastrelem) { /* gobble up all the rest */
985 SvGETMAGIC(*relem); /* before newSV, in case it dies */
987 sv_setsv_nomg(sv, *relem);
989 didstore = av_store(ary,i++,sv);
998 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_ARRAY_ISA)
999 SvSETMAGIC(MUTABLE_SV(ary));
1002 case SVt_PVHV: { /* normal hash */
1004 SV** topelem = relem;
1006 hash = MUTABLE_HV(sv);
1007 magic = SvMAGICAL(hash) != 0;
1009 SAVEFREESV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(sv));
1011 firsthashrelem = relem;
1013 while (relem < lastrelem) { /* gobble up all the rest */
1015 sv = *relem ? *relem : &PL_sv_no;
1017 tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
1019 sv_setsv(tmpstr,*relem); /* value */
1021 if (gimme != G_VOID) {
1022 if (hv_exists_ent(hash, sv, 0))
1023 /* key overwrites an existing entry */
1026 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1027 /* copy element back: possibly to an earlier
1028 * stack location if we encountered dups earlier */
1030 *topelem++ = tmpstr;
1033 didstore = hv_store_ent(hash,sv,tmpstr,0);
1034 if (didstore) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(tmpstr);
1036 if (SvSMAGICAL(tmpstr))
1041 if (relem == lastrelem) {
1042 do_oddball(hash, relem, firstrelem);
1049 if (SvIMMORTAL(sv)) {
1050 if (relem <= lastrelem)
1054 if (relem <= lastrelem) {
1056 SvTEMP(sv) && !SvSMAGICAL(sv) && SvREFCNT(sv) == 1 &&
1057 (!isGV_with_GP(sv) || SvFAKE(sv)) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)
1060 packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1061 "Useless assignment to a temporary"
1063 sv_setsv(sv, *relem);
1067 sv_setsv(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
1072 if (PL_delaymagic & ~DM_DELAY) {
1073 /* Will be used to set PL_tainting below */
1074 UV tmp_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
1075 UV tmp_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
1076 UV tmp_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
1077 UV tmp_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
1079 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) {
1080 #ifdef HAS_SETRESUID
1081 (void)setresuid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RUID) ? PL_delaymagic_uid : (Uid_t)-1,
1082 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EUID) ? PL_delaymagic_euid : (Uid_t)-1,
1085 # ifdef HAS_SETREUID
1086 (void)setreuid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RUID) ? PL_delaymagic_uid : (Uid_t)-1,
1087 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EUID) ? PL_delaymagic_euid : (Uid_t)-1);
1090 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) == DM_RUID) {
1091 (void)setruid(PL_delaymagic_uid);
1092 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_RUID;
1094 # endif /* HAS_SETRUID */
1096 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) == DM_EUID) {
1097 (void)seteuid(PL_delaymagic_euid);
1098 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_EUID;
1100 # endif /* HAS_SETEUID */
1101 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_UID) {
1102 if (PL_delaymagic_uid != PL_delaymagic_euid)
1103 DIE(aTHX_ "No setreuid available");
1104 (void)PerlProc_setuid(PL_delaymagic_uid);
1106 # endif /* HAS_SETREUID */
1107 #endif /* HAS_SETRESUID */
1108 tmp_uid = PerlProc_getuid();
1109 tmp_euid = PerlProc_geteuid();
1111 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) {
1112 #ifdef HAS_SETRESGID
1113 (void)setresgid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RGID) ? PL_delaymagic_gid : (Gid_t)-1,
1114 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EGID) ? PL_delaymagic_egid : (Gid_t)-1,
1117 # ifdef HAS_SETREGID
1118 (void)setregid((PL_delaymagic & DM_RGID) ? PL_delaymagic_gid : (Gid_t)-1,
1119 (PL_delaymagic & DM_EGID) ? PL_delaymagic_egid : (Gid_t)-1);
1122 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) == DM_RGID) {
1123 (void)setrgid(PL_delaymagic_gid);
1124 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_RGID;
1126 # endif /* HAS_SETRGID */
1128 if ((PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) == DM_EGID) {
1129 (void)setegid(PL_delaymagic_egid);
1130 PL_delaymagic &= ~DM_EGID;
1132 # endif /* HAS_SETEGID */
1133 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_GID) {
1134 if (PL_delaymagic_gid != PL_delaymagic_egid)
1135 DIE(aTHX_ "No setregid available");
1136 (void)PerlProc_setgid(PL_delaymagic_gid);
1138 # endif /* HAS_SETREGID */
1139 #endif /* HAS_SETRESGID */
1140 tmp_gid = PerlProc_getgid();
1141 tmp_egid = PerlProc_getegid();
1143 PL_tainting |= (tmp_uid && (tmp_euid != tmp_uid || tmp_egid != tmp_gid));
1147 if (gimme == G_VOID)
1148 SP = firstrelem - 1;
1149 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1152 SETi(lastrelem - firstrelem + 1 - duplicates);
1159 /* at this point we have removed the duplicate key/value
1160 * pairs from the stack, but the remaining values may be
1161 * wrong; i.e. with (a 1 a 2 b 3) on the stack we've removed
1162 * the (a 2), but the stack now probably contains
1163 * (a <freed> b 3), because { hv_save(a,1); hv_save(a,2) }
1164 * obliterates the earlier key. So refresh all values. */
1165 lastrelem -= duplicates;
1166 relem = firsthashrelem;
1167 while (relem < lastrelem) {
1170 he = hv_fetch_ent(hash, sv, 0, 0);
1171 *relem++ = (he ? HeVAL(he) : &PL_sv_undef);
1177 SP = firstrelem + (lastlelem - firstlelem);
1178 lelem = firstlelem + (relem - firstrelem);
1180 *relem++ = (lelem <= lastlelem) ? *lelem++ : &PL_sv_undef;
1189 PMOP * const pm = cPMOP;
1190 REGEXP * rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
1191 SV * const pkg = rx ? CALLREG_PACKAGE(rx) : NULL;
1192 SV * const rv = sv_newmortal();
1196 SvUPGRADE(rv, SVt_IV);
1197 /* For a subroutine describing itself as "This is a hacky workaround" I'm
1198 loathe to use it here, but it seems to be the right fix. Or close.
1199 The key part appears to be that it's essential for pp_qr to return a new
1200 object (SV), which implies that there needs to be an effective way to
1201 generate a new SV from the existing SV that is pre-compiled in the
1203 SvRV_set(rv, MUTABLE_SV(reg_temp_copy(NULL, rx)));
1206 cvp = &( ((struct regexp*)SvANY(SvRV(rv)))->qr_anoncv);
1207 if ((cv = *cvp) && CvCLONE(*cvp)) {
1208 *cvp = cv_clone(cv);
1213 HV *const stash = gv_stashsv(pkg, GV_ADD);
1215 (void)sv_bless(rv, stash);
1218 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_TAINTED) {
1220 SvTAINTED_on(SvRV(rv));
1235 U8 r_flags = REXEC_CHECKED;
1236 const char *truebase; /* Start of string */
1237 REGEXP *rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
1239 const I32 gimme = GIMME;
1242 const I32 oldsave = PL_savestack_ix;
1243 I32 update_minmatch = 1;
1244 I32 had_zerolen = 0;
1247 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
1249 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1256 PUTBACK; /* EVAL blocks need stack_sp. */
1257 /* Skip get-magic if this is a qr// clone, because regcomp has
1259 s = ((struct regexp *)SvANY(rx))->mother_re
1260 ? SvPV_nomg_const(TARG, len)
1261 : SvPV_const(TARG, len);
1263 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_match");
1265 rxtainted = ((RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_TAINTED) ||
1266 (PL_tainted && (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_RETAINT)));
1269 RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, DO_UTF8(TARG));
1271 /* PMdf_USED is set after a ?? matches once */
1274 SvREADONLY(PL_regex_pad[pm->op_pmoffset])
1276 pm->op_pmflags & PMf_USED
1279 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "?? already matched once"));
1282 if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
1289 /* empty pattern special-cased to use last successful pattern if
1290 possible, except for qr// */
1291 if (!((struct regexp *)SvANY(rx))->mother_re && !RX_PRELEN(rx)
1297 if (RX_MINLEN(rx) > (I32)len) {
1298 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "String shorter than min possible regex match\n"));
1304 /* XXXX What part of this is needed with true \G-support? */
1305 if ((global = dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL)) {
1306 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = -1;
1307 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG)) {
1308 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1309 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0) {
1310 if (!(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_GPOS_SEEN))
1311 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = mg->mg_len;
1312 else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_ANCH_GPOS) {
1313 r_flags |= REXEC_IGNOREPOS;
1314 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = mg->mg_len;
1315 } else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_GPOS_FLOAT)
1318 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = mg->mg_len;
1319 minmatch = (mg->mg_flags & MGf_MINMATCH) ? RX_GOFS(rx) + 1 : 0;
1320 update_minmatch = 0;
1326 || (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & (RXf_EVAL_SEEN|RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY))
1328 r_flags |= (REXEC_COPY_STR|REXEC_COPY_SKIP_PRE);
1329 /* in @a =~ /(.)/g, we iterate multiple times, but copy the buffer
1330 * only on the first iteration. Therefore we need to copy $' as well
1331 * as $&, to make the rest of the string available for captures in
1332 * subsequent iterations */
1333 if (! (global && gimme == G_ARRAY))
1334 r_flags |= REXEC_COPY_SKIP_POST;
1338 if (global && RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1) {
1339 t = s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + truebase - RX_GOFS(rx);
1340 if ((s + RX_MINLEN(rx)) > strend || s < truebase) {
1341 DEBUG_r(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Regex match can't succeed, so not even tried\n"));
1344 if (update_minmatch++)
1345 minmatch = had_zerolen;
1347 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_USE_INTUIT &&
1348 DO_UTF8(TARG) == (RX_UTF8(rx) != 0)) {
1349 /* FIXME - can PL_bostr be made const char *? */
1350 PL_bostr = (char *)truebase;
1351 s = CALLREG_INTUIT_START(rx, TARG, (char *)s, (char *)strend, r_flags, NULL);
1355 if ( (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_CHECK_ALL)
1357 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY)
1358 && !SvROK(TARG)) /* Cannot trust since INTUIT cannot guess ^ */
1361 if (!CALLREGEXEC(rx, (char*)s, (char *)strend, (char*)truebase,
1362 minmatch, TARG, NUM2PTR(void*, gpos), r_flags))
1366 if (dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE) {
1368 SvREADONLY_on(PL_regex_pad[dynpm->op_pmoffset]);
1370 dynpm->op_pmflags |= PMf_USED;
1376 RX_MATCH_TAINTED_on(rx);
1377 TAINT_IF(RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx));
1378 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1379 const I32 nparens = RX_NPARENS(rx);
1380 I32 i = (global && !nparens) ? 1 : 0;
1382 SPAGAIN; /* EVAL blocks could move the stack. */
1383 EXTEND(SP, nparens + i);
1384 EXTEND_MORTAL(nparens + i);
1385 for (i = !i; i <= nparens; i++) {
1386 PUSHs(sv_newmortal());
1387 if ((RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start != -1) && RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end != -1 ) {
1388 const I32 len = RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end - RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start;
1389 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start + truebase;
1390 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end < 0 || RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start < 0 ||
1391 len < 0 || len > strend - s)
1392 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_match start/end pointers, i=%ld, "
1393 "start=%ld, end=%ld, s=%p, strend=%p, len=%"UVuf,
1394 (long) i, (long) RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start,
1395 (long)RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end, s, strend, (UV) len);
1396 sv_setpvn(*SP, s, len);
1397 if (DO_UTF8(TARG) && is_utf8_string((U8*)s, len))
1402 if (dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_CONTINUE) {
1404 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG))
1405 mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1407 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1409 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG, 0);
1411 mg = sv_magicext(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global,
1412 &PL_vtbl_mglob, NULL, 0);
1414 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1) {
1415 mg->mg_len = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end;
1416 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + RX_GOFS(rx) == (UV)RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end)
1417 mg->mg_flags |= MGf_MINMATCH;
1419 mg->mg_flags &= ~MGf_MINMATCH;
1422 had_zerolen = (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1
1423 && (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + RX_GOFS(rx)
1424 == (UV)RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end));
1425 PUTBACK; /* EVAL blocks may use stack */
1426 r_flags |= REXEC_IGNOREPOS | REXEC_NOT_FIRST;
1431 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1437 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG))
1438 mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1442 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1444 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG, 0);
1446 mg = sv_magicext(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global,
1447 &PL_vtbl_mglob, NULL, 0);
1449 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start != -1) {
1450 mg->mg_len = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end;
1451 if (RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + RX_GOFS(rx) == (UV)RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end)
1452 mg->mg_flags |= MGf_MINMATCH;
1454 mg->mg_flags &= ~MGf_MINMATCH;
1457 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1461 yup: /* Confirmed by INTUIT */
1463 RX_MATCH_TAINTED_on(rx);
1464 TAINT_IF(RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx));
1466 if (dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE) {
1468 SvREADONLY_on(PL_regex_pad[dynpm->op_pmoffset]);
1470 dynpm->op_pmflags |= PMf_USED;
1473 if (RX_MATCH_COPIED(rx))
1474 Safefree(RX_SUBBEG(rx));
1475 RX_MATCH_COPIED_off(rx);
1476 RX_SUBBEG(rx) = NULL;
1478 /* FIXME - should rx->subbeg be const char *? */
1479 RX_SUBBEG(rx) = (char *) truebase;
1480 RX_SUBOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1481 RX_SUBCOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1482 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = s - truebase;
1483 if (RX_MATCH_UTF8(rx)) {
1484 char * const t = (char*)utf8_hop((U8*)s, RX_MINLENRET(rx));
1485 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = t - truebase;
1488 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = s - truebase + RX_MINLENRET(rx);
1490 RX_SUBLEN(rx) = strend - truebase;
1493 if (PL_sawampersand || RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY) {
1495 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1496 if (SvIsCOW(TARG) || (SvFLAGS(TARG) & CAN_COW_MASK) == CAN_COW_FLAGS) {
1498 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1499 "Copy on write: pp_match $& capture, type %d, truebase=%p, t=%p, difference %d\n",
1500 (int) SvTYPE(TARG), (void*)truebase, (void*)t,
1503 RX_SAVED_COPY(rx) = sv_setsv_cow(RX_SAVED_COPY(rx), TARG);
1505 = (char *) SvPVX_const(RX_SAVED_COPY(rx)) + (t - truebase);
1506 assert (SvPOKp(RX_SAVED_COPY(rx)));
1511 RX_SUBBEG(rx) = savepvn(t, strend - t);
1512 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
1513 RX_SAVED_COPY(rx) = NULL;
1516 RX_SUBLEN(rx) = strend - t;
1517 RX_SUBOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1518 RX_SUBCOFFSET(rx) = 0;
1519 RX_MATCH_COPIED_on(rx);
1520 off = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = s - t;
1521 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = off + RX_MINLENRET(rx);
1523 else { /* startp/endp are used by @- @+. */
1524 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start = s - truebase;
1525 RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end = s - truebase + RX_MINLENRET(rx);
1527 /* match via INTUIT shouldn't have any captures. Let @-, @+, $^N know */
1528 assert(!RX_NPARENS(rx));
1529 RX_LASTPAREN(rx) = RX_LASTCLOSEPAREN(rx) = 0;
1530 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1535 if (global && !(dynpm->op_pmflags & PMf_CONTINUE)) {
1536 if (SvTYPE(TARG) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(TARG)) {
1537 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
1542 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
1543 if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
1549 Perl_do_readline(pTHX)
1551 dVAR; dSP; dTARGETSTACKED;
1556 IO * const io = GvIO(PL_last_in_gv);
1557 const I32 type = PL_op->op_type;
1558 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
1561 const MAGIC *const mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)io, PERL_MAGIC_tiedscalar);
1563 Perl_tied_method(aTHX_ "READLINE", SP, MUTABLE_SV(io), mg, gimme, 0);
1564 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1566 SvSetSV_nosteal(TARG, TOPs);
1576 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) {
1577 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START) {
1579 if (av_len(GvAVn(PL_last_in_gv)) < 0) {
1580 IoFLAGS(io) &= ~IOf_START;
1581 do_open(PL_last_in_gv,"-",1,FALSE,O_RDONLY,0,NULL);
1582 SvTAINTED_off(GvSVn(PL_last_in_gv)); /* previous tainting irrelevant */
1583 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(PL_last_in_gv), "-");
1584 SvSETMAGIC(GvSV(PL_last_in_gv));
1589 fp = nextargv(PL_last_in_gv);
1590 if (!fp) { /* Note: fp != IoIFP(io) */
1591 (void)do_close(PL_last_in_gv, FALSE); /* now it does*/
1594 else if (type == OP_GLOB)
1595 fp = Perl_start_glob(aTHX_ POPs, io);
1597 else if (type == OP_GLOB)
1599 else if (IoTYPE(io) == IoTYPE_WRONLY) {
1600 report_wrongway_fh(PL_last_in_gv, '>');
1604 if ((!io || !(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_START))
1605 && ckWARN2(WARN_GLOB, WARN_CLOSED))
1607 if (type == OP_GLOB)
1608 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB),
1609 "glob failed (can't start child: %s)",
1612 report_evil_fh(PL_last_in_gv);
1614 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1615 /* undef TARG, and push that undefined value */
1616 if (type != OP_RCATLINE) {
1617 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(TARG);
1625 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1627 if (type == OP_RCATLINE && SvGMAGICAL(sv))
1630 if (type == OP_RCATLINE)
1631 SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
1635 else if (isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
1636 SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
1638 SvUPGRADE(sv, SVt_PV);
1639 tmplen = SvLEN(sv); /* remember if already alloced */
1640 if (!tmplen && !SvREADONLY(sv)) {
1641 /* try short-buffering it. Please update t/op/readline.t
1642 * if you change the growth length.
1647 if (type == OP_RCATLINE && SvOK(sv)) {
1649 SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
1655 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(80));
1659 /* This should not be marked tainted if the fp is marked clean */
1660 #define MAYBE_TAINT_LINE(io, sv) \
1661 if (!(IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_UNTAINT)) { \
1666 /* delay EOF state for a snarfed empty file */
1667 #define SNARF_EOF(gimme,rs,io,sv) \
1668 (gimme != G_SCALAR || SvCUR(sv) \
1669 || (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_NOLINE) || !RsSNARF(rs))
1673 if (!sv_gets(sv, fp, offset)
1675 || SNARF_EOF(gimme, PL_rs, io, sv)
1676 || PerlIO_error(fp)))
1678 PerlIO_clearerr(fp);
1679 if (IoFLAGS(io) & IOf_ARGV) {
1680 fp = nextargv(PL_last_in_gv);
1683 (void)do_close(PL_last_in_gv, FALSE);
1685 else if (type == OP_GLOB) {
1686 if (!do_close(PL_last_in_gv, FALSE)) {
1687 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_GLOB),
1688 "glob failed (child exited with status %d%s)",
1689 (int)(STATUS_CURRENT >> 8),
1690 (STATUS_CURRENT & 0x80) ? ", core dumped" : "");
1693 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1694 if (type != OP_RCATLINE) {
1695 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(TARG);
1701 MAYBE_TAINT_LINE(io, sv);
1704 MAYBE_TAINT_LINE(io, sv);
1706 IoFLAGS(io) |= IOf_NOLINE;
1710 if (type == OP_GLOB) {
1713 if (SvCUR(sv) > 0 && SvCUR(PL_rs) > 0) {
1714 char * const tmps = SvEND(sv) - 1;
1715 if (*tmps == *SvPVX_const(PL_rs)) {
1717 SvCUR_set(sv, SvCUR(sv) - 1);
1720 for (t1 = SvPVX_const(sv); *t1; t1++)
1721 if (!isALNUMC(*t1) &&
1722 strchr("$&*(){}[]'\";\\|?<>~`", *t1))
1724 if (*t1 && PerlLIO_lstat(SvPVX_const(sv), &PL_statbuf) < 0) {
1725 (void)POPs; /* Unmatched wildcard? Chuck it... */
1728 } else if (SvUTF8(sv)) { /* OP_READLINE, OP_RCATLINE */
1729 if (ckWARN(WARN_UTF8)) {
1730 const U8 * const s = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(sv) + offset;
1731 const STRLEN len = SvCUR(sv) - offset;
1734 if (!is_utf8_string_loc(s, len, &f))
1735 /* Emulate :encoding(utf8) warning in the same case. */
1736 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8),
1737 "utf8 \"\\x%02X\" does not map to Unicode",
1738 f < (U8*)SvEND(sv) ? *f : 0);
1741 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1742 if (SvLEN(sv) - SvCUR(sv) > 20) {
1743 SvPV_shrink_to_cur(sv);
1745 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(80));
1748 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR && !tmplen && SvLEN(sv) - SvCUR(sv) > 80) {
1749 /* try to reclaim a bit of scalar space (only on 1st alloc) */
1750 const STRLEN new_len
1751 = SvCUR(sv) < 60 ? 80 : SvCUR(sv)+40; /* allow some slop */
1752 SvPV_renew(sv, new_len);
1763 SV * const keysv = POPs;
1764 HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
1765 const U32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
1766 const U32 defer = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1768 const bool localizing = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1769 bool preeminent = TRUE;
1771 if (SvTYPE(hv) != SVt_PVHV)
1778 /* If we can determine whether the element exist,
1779 * Try to preserve the existenceness of a tied hash
1780 * element by using EXISTS and DELETE if possible.
1781 * Fallback to FETCH and STORE otherwise. */
1782 if (SvCANEXISTDELETE(hv))
1783 preeminent = hv_exists_ent(hv, keysv, 0);
1786 he = hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, lval && !defer, 0);
1787 svp = he ? &HeVAL(he) : NULL;
1789 if (!svp || !*svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef) {
1793 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_helem_sv, SVfARG(keysv));
1795 lv = sv_newmortal();
1796 sv_upgrade(lv, SVt_PVLV);
1798 sv_magic(lv, key2 = newSVsv(keysv), PERL_MAGIC_defelem, NULL, 0);
1799 SvREFCNT_dec(key2); /* sv_magic() increments refcount */
1800 LvTARG(lv) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(hv);
1806 if (HvNAME_get(hv) && isGV(*svp))
1807 save_gp(MUTABLE_GV(*svp), !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
1808 else if (preeminent)
1809 save_helem_flags(hv, keysv, svp,
1810 (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) ? 0 : SAVEf_SETMAGIC);
1812 SAVEHDELETE(hv, keysv);
1814 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
1815 PUSHs(vivify_ref(*svp, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF));
1819 sv = (svp && *svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
1820 /* Originally this did a conditional C<sv = sv_mortalcopy(sv)>; this
1821 * was to make C<local $tied{foo} = $tied{foo}> possible.
1822 * However, it seems no longer to be needed for that purpose, and
1823 * introduced a new bug: stuff like C<while ($hash{taintedval} =~ /.../g>
1824 * would loop endlessly since the pos magic is getting set on the
1825 * mortal copy and lost. However, the copy has the effect of
1826 * triggering the get magic, and losing it altogether made things like
1827 * c<$tied{foo};> in void context no longer do get magic, which some
1828 * code relied on. Also, delayed triggering of magic on @+ and friends
1829 * meant the original regex may be out of scope by now. So as a
1830 * compromise, do the get magic here. (The MGf_GSKIP flag will stop it
1831 * being called too many times). */
1832 if (!lval && SvRMAGICAL(hv) && SvGMAGICAL(sv))
1844 AV *av = NULL; /* used for LOOP_FOR on arrays and the stack */
1845 bool av_is_stack = FALSE;
1848 cx = &cxstack[cxstack_ix];
1849 if (!CxTYPE_is_LOOP(cx))
1850 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_iter, type=%u", CxTYPE(cx));
1852 itersvp = CxITERVAR(cx);
1853 if (CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_LAZYSV) {
1854 /* string increment */
1855 SV* cur = cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazysv.cur;
1856 SV *end = cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazysv.end;
1857 /* If the maximum is !SvOK(), pp_enteriter substitutes PL_sv_no.
1858 It has SvPVX of "" and SvCUR of 0, which is what we want. */
1860 const char *max = SvPV_const(end, maxlen);
1861 if (!SvNIOK(cur) && SvCUR(cur) <= maxlen) {
1862 if (SvREFCNT(*itersvp) == 1 && !SvMAGICAL(*itersvp)) {
1863 /* safe to reuse old SV */
1864 sv_setsv(*itersvp, cur);
1868 /* we need a fresh SV every time so that loop body sees a
1869 * completely new SV for closures/references to work as
1872 *itersvp = newSVsv(cur);
1873 SvREFCNT_dec(oldsv);
1875 if (strEQ(SvPVX_const(cur), max))
1876 sv_setiv(cur, 0); /* terminate next time */
1883 else if (CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_LAZYIV) {
1884 /* integer increment */
1885 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur > cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.end)
1888 /* don't risk potential race */
1889 if (SvREFCNT(*itersvp) == 1 && !SvMAGICAL(*itersvp)) {
1890 /* safe to reuse old SV */
1891 sv_setiv(*itersvp, cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur);
1895 /* we need a fresh SV every time so that loop body sees a
1896 * completely new SV for closures/references to work as they
1899 *itersvp = newSViv(cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur);
1900 SvREFCNT_dec(oldsv);
1903 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur == IV_MAX) {
1904 /* Handle end of range at IV_MAX */
1905 cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.end = IV_MIN;
1907 ++cx->blk_loop.state_u.lazyiv.cur;
1913 assert(CxTYPE(cx) == CXt_LOOP_FOR);
1914 av = cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ary;
1919 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpITER_REVERSED) {
1920 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix <= (av_is_stack
1921 ? cx->blk_loop.resetsp + 1 : 0))
1924 if (SvMAGICAL(av) || AvREIFY(av)) {
1925 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, --cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix, FALSE);
1926 sv = svp ? *svp : NULL;
1929 sv = AvARRAY(av)[--cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix];
1933 if (cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix >= (av_is_stack ? cx->blk_oldsp :
1937 if (SvMAGICAL(av) || AvREIFY(av)) {
1938 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, ++cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix, FALSE);
1939 sv = svp ? *svp : NULL;
1942 sv = AvARRAY(av)[++cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix];
1946 if (sv && SvIS_FREED(sv)) {
1948 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Use of freed value in iteration");
1953 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(sv);
1957 if (!av_is_stack && sv == &PL_sv_undef) {
1958 SV *lv = newSV_type(SVt_PVLV);
1960 sv_magic(lv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_defelem, NULL, 0);
1961 LvTARG(lv) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
1962 LvTARGOFF(lv) = cx->blk_loop.state_u.ary.ix;
1963 LvTARGLEN(lv) = (STRLEN)UV_MAX;
1969 SvREFCNT_dec(oldsv);
1975 A description of how taint works in pattern matching and substitution.
1977 While the pattern is being assembled/concatenated and then compiled,
1978 PL_tainted will get set if any component of the pattern is tainted, e.g.
1979 /.*$tainted/. At the end of pattern compilation, the RXf_TAINTED flag
1980 is set on the pattern if PL_tainted is set.
1982 When the pattern is copied, e.g. $r = qr/..../, the SV holding the ref to
1983 the pattern is marked as tainted. This means that subsequent usage, such
1984 as /x$r/, will set PL_tainted, and thus RXf_TAINTED, on the new pattern too.
1986 During execution of a pattern, locale-variant ops such as ALNUML set the
1987 local flag RF_tainted. At the end of execution, the engine sets the
1988 RXf_TAINTED_SEEN on the pattern if RF_tainted got set, or clears it
1991 In addition, RXf_TAINTED_SEEN is used post-execution by the get magic code
1992 of $1 et al to indicate whether the returned value should be tainted.
1993 It is the responsibility of the caller of the pattern (i.e. pp_match,
1994 pp_subst etc) to set this flag for any other circumstances where $1 needs
1997 The taint behaviour of pp_subst (and pp_substcont) is quite complex.
1999 There are three possible sources of taint
2001 * the pattern (both compile- and run-time, RXf_TAINTED / RXf_TAINTED_SEEN)
2002 * the replacement string (or expression under /e)
2004 There are four destinations of taint and they are affected by the sources
2005 according to the rules below:
2007 * the return value (not including /r):
2008 tainted by the source string and pattern, but only for the
2009 number-of-iterations case; boolean returns aren't tainted;
2010 * the modified string (or modified copy under /r):
2011 tainted by the source string, pattern, and replacement strings;
2013 tainted by the pattern, and under 'use re "taint"', by the source
2015 * PL_taint - i.e. whether subsequent code (e.g. in a /e block) is tainted:
2016 should always be unset before executing subsequent code.
2018 The overall action of pp_subst is:
2020 * at the start, set bits in rxtainted indicating the taint status of
2021 the various sources.
2023 * After each pattern execution, update the SUBST_TAINT_PAT bit in
2024 rxtainted if RXf_TAINTED_SEEN has been set, to indicate that the
2025 pattern has subsequently become tainted via locale ops.
2027 * If control is being passed to pp_substcont to execute a /e block,
2028 save rxtainted in the CXt_SUBST block, for future use by
2031 * Whenever control is being returned to perl code (either by falling
2032 off the "end" of pp_subst/pp_substcont, or by entering a /e block),
2033 use the flag bits in rxtainted to make all the appropriate types of
2034 destination taint visible; e.g. set RXf_TAINTED_SEEN so that $1
2035 et al will appear tainted.
2037 pp_match is just a simpler version of the above.
2056 U8 rxtainted = 0; /* holds various SUBST_TAINT_* flag bits.
2057 See "how taint works" above */
2060 REGEXP *rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
2062 int force_on_match = 0;
2063 const I32 oldsave = PL_savestack_ix;
2065 bool doutf8 = FALSE; /* whether replacement is in utf8 */
2066 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2070 /* known replacement string? */
2071 SV *dstr = (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_CONST) ? POPs : NULL;
2075 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
2077 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
2084 SvGETMAGIC(TARG); /* must come before cow check */
2085 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2086 /* Awooga. Awooga. "bool" types that are actually char are dangerous,
2087 because they make integers such as 256 "false". */
2088 is_cow = SvIsCOW(TARG) ? TRUE : FALSE;
2091 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG,0);
2093 if (!(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT)
2094 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2097 && (SvREADONLY(TARG)
2098 || ( ((SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVGV && isGV_with_GP(TARG))
2099 || SvTYPE(TARG) > SVt_PVLV)
2100 && !(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVGV && SvFAKE(TARG)))))
2101 Perl_croak_no_modify(aTHX);
2104 s = SvPV_nomg(TARG, len);
2105 if (!SvPOKp(TARG) || SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVGV || SvVOK(TARG))
2108 /* only replace once? */
2109 once = !(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_GLOBAL);
2111 /* See "how taint works" above */
2114 (SvTAINTED(TARG) ? SUBST_TAINT_STR : 0)
2115 | ((RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_TAINTED) ? SUBST_TAINT_PAT : 0)
2116 | ((pm->op_pmflags & PMf_RETAINT) ? SUBST_TAINT_RETAINT : 0)
2117 | ((once && !(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT))
2118 ? SUBST_TAINT_BOOLRET : 0));
2122 RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, DO_UTF8(TARG));
2126 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_subst, pm=%p, s=%p", pm, s);
2129 slen = RX_MATCH_UTF8(rx) ? utf8_length((U8*)s, (U8*)strend) : len;
2130 maxiters = 2 * slen + 10; /* We can match twice at each
2131 position, once with zero-length,
2132 second time with non-zero. */
2134 if (!RX_PRELEN(rx) && PL_curpm) {
2139 r_flags = ( RX_NPARENS(rx)
2141 || (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & (RXf_EVAL_SEEN|RXf_PMf_KEEPCOPY))
2147 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_USE_INTUIT) {
2149 s = CALLREG_INTUIT_START(rx, TARG, s, strend, r_flags, NULL);
2153 /* How to do it in subst? */
2154 /* if ( (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_CHECK_ALL)
2156 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_KEEPCOPY))
2161 if (!CALLREGEXEC(rx, s, strend, orig, 0, TARG, NULL,
2162 r_flags | REXEC_CHECKED))
2166 PUSHs(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT ? TARG : &PL_sv_no);
2167 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
2171 /* known replacement string? */
2173 if (SvTAINTED(dstr))
2174 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_REPL;
2176 /* replacement needing upgrading? */
2177 if (DO_UTF8(TARG) && !doutf8) {
2178 nsv = sv_newmortal();
2181 sv_recode_to_utf8(nsv, PL_encoding);
2183 sv_utf8_upgrade(nsv);
2184 c = SvPV_const(nsv, clen);
2188 c = SvPV_const(dstr, clen);
2189 doutf8 = DO_UTF8(dstr);
2197 /* can do inplace substitution? */
2199 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2202 && (I32)clen <= RX_MINLENRET(rx)
2203 && (once || !(r_flags & REXEC_COPY_STR))
2204 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_LOOKBEHIND_SEEN)
2205 && (!doutf8 || SvUTF8(TARG))
2206 && !(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT))
2209 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2210 if (SvIsCOW(TARG)) {
2211 assert (!force_on_match);
2215 if (force_on_match) {
2217 s = SvPV_force_nomg(TARG, len);
2223 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx)) /* run time pattern taint, eg locale */
2224 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2225 m = orig + RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start;
2226 d = orig + RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end;
2228 if (m - s > strend - d) { /* faster to shorten from end */
2230 Copy(c, m, clen, char);
2235 Move(d, m, i, char);
2239 SvCUR_set(TARG, m - s);
2241 else if ((i = m - s)) { /* faster from front */
2244 Move(s, d - i, i, char);
2247 Copy(c, m, clen, char);
2252 Copy(c, d, clen, char);
2262 if (iters++ > maxiters)
2263 DIE(aTHX_ "Substitution loop");
2264 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx)) /* run time pattern taint, eg locale */
2265 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2266 m = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + orig;
2269 Move(s, d, i, char);
2273 Copy(c, d, clen, char);
2276 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + orig;
2277 } while (CALLREGEXEC(rx, s, strend, orig, s == m,
2279 /* don't match same null twice */
2280 REXEC_NOT_FIRST|REXEC_IGNOREPOS));
2283 SvCUR_set(TARG, d - SvPVX_const(TARG) + i);
2284 Move(s, d, i+1, char); /* include the NUL */
2291 if (force_on_match) {
2293 if (rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT) {
2294 /* I feel that it should be possible to avoid this mortal copy
2295 given that the code below copies into a new destination.
2296 However, I suspect it isn't worth the complexity of
2297 unravelling the C<goto force_it> for the small number of
2298 cases where it would be viable to drop into the copy code. */
2299 TARG = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(TARG));
2301 s = SvPV_force_nomg(TARG, len);
2304 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2307 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx)) /* run time pattern taint, eg locale */
2308 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2309 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(m, s-m, SVs_TEMP | (DO_UTF8(TARG) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
2314 /* note that a whole bunch of local vars are saved here for
2315 * use by pp_substcont: here's a list of them in case you're
2316 * searching for places in this sub that uses a particular var:
2317 * iters maxiters r_flags oldsave rxtainted orig dstr targ
2318 * s m strend rx once */
2320 RETURNOP(cPMOP->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot);
2322 r_flags |= REXEC_IGNOREPOS | REXEC_NOT_FIRST;
2324 if (iters++ > maxiters)
2325 DIE(aTHX_ "Substitution loop");
2326 if (RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx))
2327 rxtainted |= SUBST_TAINT_PAT;
2328 if (RX_MATCH_COPIED(rx) && RX_SUBBEG(rx) != orig) {
2331 assert(RX_SUBOFFSET(rx) == 0);
2332 orig = RX_SUBBEG(rx);
2334 strend = s + (strend - m);
2336 m = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + orig;
2337 sv_catpvn_nomg_maybeutf8(dstr, s, m - s, DO_UTF8(TARG));
2338 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + orig;
2340 sv_catpvn_nomg_maybeutf8(dstr, c, clen, doutf8);
2343 } while (CALLREGEXEC(rx, s, strend, orig, s == m,
2344 TARG, NULL, r_flags));
2345 sv_catpvn_nomg_maybeutf8(dstr, s, strend - s, DO_UTF8(TARG));
2347 if (rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT) {
2348 /* From here on down we're using the copy, and leaving the original
2354 #ifdef PERL_OLD_COPY_ON_WRITE
2355 /* The match may make the string COW. If so, brilliant, because
2356 that's just saved us one malloc, copy and free - the regexp has
2357 donated the old buffer, and we malloc an entirely new one, rather
2358 than the regexp malloc()ing a buffer and copying our original,
2359 only for us to throw it away here during the substitution. */
2360 if (SvIsCOW(TARG)) {
2361 sv_force_normal_flags(TARG, SV_COW_DROP_PV);
2367 SvPV_set(TARG, SvPVX(dstr));
2368 SvCUR_set(TARG, SvCUR(dstr));
2369 SvLEN_set(TARG, SvLEN(dstr));
2370 SvFLAGS(TARG) |= SvUTF8(dstr);
2371 SvPV_set(dstr, NULL);
2378 if (!(rpm->op_pmflags & PMf_NONDESTRUCT)) {
2379 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(TARG);
2382 /* See "how taint works" above */
2384 if ((rxtainted & SUBST_TAINT_PAT) ||
2385 ((rxtainted & (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_RETAINT)) ==
2386 (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_RETAINT))
2388 (RX_MATCH_TAINTED_on(rx)); /* taint $1 et al */
2390 if (!(rxtainted & SUBST_TAINT_BOOLRET)
2391 && (rxtainted & (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_PAT))
2393 SvTAINTED_on(TOPs); /* taint return value */
2395 SvTAINTED_off(TOPs); /* may have got tainted earlier */
2397 /* needed for mg_set below */
2399 cBOOL(rxtainted & (SUBST_TAINT_STR|SUBST_TAINT_PAT|SUBST_TAINT_REPL));
2402 SvSETMAGIC(TARG); /* PL_tainted must be correctly set for this mg_set */
2404 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave);
2413 PL_stack_base[PL_markstack_ptr[-1]++] = PL_stack_base[*PL_markstack_ptr];
2414 ++*PL_markstack_ptr;
2416 LEAVE_with_name("grep_item"); /* exit inner scope */
2419 if (PL_stack_base + *PL_markstack_ptr > SP) {
2421 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
2423 LEAVE_with_name("grep"); /* exit outer scope */
2424 (void)POPMARK; /* pop src */
2425 items = --*PL_markstack_ptr - PL_markstack_ptr[-1];
2426 (void)POPMARK; /* pop dst */
2427 SP = PL_stack_base + POPMARK; /* pop original mark */
2428 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
2429 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpGREP_LEX) {
2430 SV* const sv = sv_newmortal();
2431 sv_setiv(sv, items);
2439 else if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
2446 ENTER_with_name("grep_item"); /* enter inner scope */
2449 src = PL_stack_base[*PL_markstack_ptr];
2451 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpGREP_LEX)
2452 PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ) = src;
2456 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
2470 if (CxMULTICALL(&cxstack[cxstack_ix]))
2474 cxstack_ix++; /* temporarily protect top context */
2477 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
2480 if (cx->blk_sub.cv && CvDEPTH(cx->blk_sub.cv) > 1) {
2481 if (SvTEMP(TOPs) && SvREFCNT(TOPs) == 1
2482 && !SvMAGICAL(TOPs)) {
2483 *MARK = SvREFCNT_inc(TOPs);
2488 sv = SvREFCNT_inc(TOPs); /* FREETMPS could clobber it */
2490 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(sv);
2494 else if (SvTEMP(TOPs) && SvREFCNT(TOPs) == 1
2495 && !SvMAGICAL(TOPs)) {
2499 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(TOPs);
2503 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
2507 else if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
2508 for (MARK = newsp + 1; MARK <= SP; MARK++) {
2509 if (!SvTEMP(*MARK) || SvREFCNT(*MARK) != 1
2510 || SvMAGICAL(*MARK)) {
2511 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(*MARK);
2512 TAINT_NOT; /* Each item is independent */
2520 POPSUB(cx,sv); /* Stack values are safe: release CV and @_ ... */
2521 PL_curpm = newpm; /* ... and pop $1 et al */
2524 return cx->blk_sub.retop;
2534 const bool hasargs = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) != 0;
2537 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a CODE reference");
2538 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
2539 /* This is overwhelming the most common case: */
2542 if (!(cv = GvCVu((const GV *)sv))) {
2544 cv = sv_2cv(sv, &stash, &gv, 0);
2553 if(isGV_with_GP(sv)) goto we_have_a_glob;
2556 if (sv == &PL_sv_yes) { /* unfound import, ignore */
2558 SP = PL_stack_base + POPMARK;
2566 sv = amagic_deref_call(sv, to_cv_amg);
2567 /* Don't SPAGAIN here. */
2574 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, "a subroutine");
2575 sym = SvPV_nomg_const(sv, len);
2576 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
2577 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't use string (\"%" SVf32 "\"%s) as a subroutine ref while \"strict refs\" in use", sv, len>32 ? "..." : "");
2578 cv = get_cvn_flags(sym, len, GV_ADD|SvUTF8(sv));
2581 cv = MUTABLE_CV(SvRV(sv));
2582 if (SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV)
2587 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a CODE reference");
2588 /* This is the second most common case: */
2590 cv = MUTABLE_CV(sv);
2598 if (CvCLONE(cv) && ! CvCLONED(cv))
2599 DIE(aTHX_ "Closure prototype called");
2600 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
2604 /* anonymous or undef'd function leaves us no recourse */
2605 if (CvANON(cv) || !(gv = CvGV(cv))) {
2607 DIE(aTHX_ "Undefined subroutine &%"HEKf" called",
2608 HEKfARG(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
2609 DIE(aTHX_ "Undefined subroutine called");
2612 /* autoloaded stub? */
2613 if (cv != GvCV(gv)) {
2616 /* should call AUTOLOAD now? */
2619 if ((autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(gv), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv),
2620 GvNAMEUTF8(gv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0)))
2626 sub_name = sv_newmortal();
2627 gv_efullname3(sub_name, gv, NULL);
2628 DIE(aTHX_ "Undefined subroutine &%"SVf" called", SVfARG(sub_name));
2637 if ((PL_op->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_DB) && GvCV(PL_DBsub) && !CvNODEBUG(cv)) {
2638 Perl_get_db_sub(aTHX_ &sv, cv);
2640 PL_curcopdb = PL_curcop;
2642 /* check for lsub that handles lvalue subroutines */
2643 cv = GvCV(gv_HVadd(gv_fetchpvs("DB::lsub", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV)));
2644 /* if lsub not found then fall back to DB::sub */
2645 if (!cv) cv = GvCV(PL_DBsub);
2647 cv = GvCV(PL_DBsub);
2650 if (!cv || (!CvXSUB(cv) && !CvSTART(cv)))
2651 DIE(aTHX_ "No DB::sub routine defined");
2654 if (!(CvISXSUB(cv))) {
2655 /* This path taken at least 75% of the time */
2657 I32 items = SP - MARK;
2658 PADLIST * const padlist = CvPADLIST(cv);
2659 PUSHBLOCK(cx, CXt_SUB, MARK);
2661 cx->blk_sub.retop = PL_op->op_next;
2663 if (CvDEPTH(cv) >= 2) {
2664 PERL_STACK_OVERFLOW_CHECK();
2665 pad_push(padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));
2668 PAD_SET_CUR_NOSAVE(padlist, CvDEPTH(cv));
2670 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(PAD_SVl(0));
2672 /* @_ is normally not REAL--this should only ever
2673 * happen when DB::sub() calls things that modify @_ */
2678 cx->blk_sub.savearray = GvAV(PL_defgv);
2679 GvAV(PL_defgv) = MUTABLE_AV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av));
2680 CX_CURPAD_SAVE(cx->blk_sub);
2681 cx->blk_sub.argarray = av;
2684 if (items > AvMAX(av) + 1) {
2685 SV **ary = AvALLOC(av);
2686 if (AvARRAY(av) != ary) {
2687 AvMAX(av) += AvARRAY(av) - AvALLOC(av);
2690 if (items > AvMAX(av) + 1) {
2691 AvMAX(av) = items - 1;
2692 Renew(ary,items,SV*);
2697 Copy(MARK,AvARRAY(av),items,SV*);
2698 AvFILLp(av) = items - 1;
2706 if ((cx->blk_u16 & OPpENTERSUB_LVAL_MASK) == OPpLVAL_INTRO &&
2708 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call");
2709 /* warning must come *after* we fully set up the context
2710 * stuff so that __WARN__ handlers can safely dounwind()
2713 if (CvDEPTH(cv) == PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN && ckWARN(WARN_RECURSION)
2714 && !(PERLDB_SUB && cv == GvCV(PL_DBsub)))
2715 sub_crush_depth(cv);
2716 RETURNOP(CvSTART(cv));
2719 I32 markix = TOPMARK;
2724 /* Need to copy @_ to stack. Alternative may be to
2725 * switch stack to @_, and copy return values
2726 * back. This would allow popping @_ in XSUB, e.g.. XXXX */
2727 AV * const av = GvAV(PL_defgv);
2728 const I32 items = AvFILLp(av) + 1; /* @_ is not tieable */
2731 /* Mark is at the end of the stack. */
2733 Copy(AvARRAY(av), SP + 1, items, SV*);
2738 /* We assume first XSUB in &DB::sub is the called one. */
2740 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
2741 PL_curcop = PL_curcopdb;
2744 /* Do we need to open block here? XXXX */
2746 /* CvXSUB(cv) must not be NULL because newXS() refuses NULL xsub address */
2748 CvXSUB(cv)(aTHX_ cv);
2750 /* Enforce some sanity in scalar context. */
2751 if (gimme == G_SCALAR && ++markix != PL_stack_sp - PL_stack_base ) {
2752 if (markix > PL_stack_sp - PL_stack_base)
2753 *(PL_stack_base + markix) = &PL_sv_undef;
2755 *(PL_stack_base + markix) = *PL_stack_sp;
2756 PL_stack_sp = PL_stack_base + markix;
2764 Perl_sub_crush_depth(pTHX_ CV *cv)
2766 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SUB_CRUSH_DEPTH;
2769 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_RECURSION), "Deep recursion on anonymous subroutine");
2771 SV* const tmpstr = sv_newmortal();
2772 gv_efullname3(tmpstr, CvGV(cv), NULL);
2773 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_RECURSION), "Deep recursion on subroutine \"%"SVf"\"",
2782 SV* const elemsv = POPs;
2783 IV elem = SvIV(elemsv);
2784 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(POPs);
2785 const U32 lval = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
2786 const U32 defer = (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_DEFER) && (elem > av_len(av));
2787 const bool localizing = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2788 bool preeminent = TRUE;
2791 if (SvROK(elemsv) && !SvGAMAGIC(elemsv) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
2792 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2793 "Use of reference \"%"SVf"\" as array index",
2795 if (SvTYPE(av) != SVt_PVAV)
2802 /* If we can determine whether the element exist,
2803 * Try to preserve the existenceness of a tied array
2804 * element by using EXISTS and DELETE if possible.
2805 * Fallback to FETCH and STORE otherwise. */
2806 if (SvCANEXISTDELETE(av))
2807 preeminent = av_exists(av, elem);
2810 svp = av_fetch(av, elem, lval && !defer);
2812 #ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
2813 if (SvUOK(elemsv)) {
2814 const UV uv = SvUV(elemsv);
2815 elem = uv > IV_MAX ? IV_MAX : uv;
2817 else if (SvNOK(elemsv))
2818 elem = (IV)SvNV(elemsv);
2820 static const char oom_array_extend[] =
2821 "Out of memory during array extend"; /* Duplicated in av.c */
2822 MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(elem,SV*,oom_array_extend);
2825 if (!svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef) {
2828 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_aelem, elem);
2829 lv = sv_newmortal();
2830 sv_upgrade(lv, SVt_PVLV);
2832 sv_magic(lv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_defelem, NULL, 0);
2833 LvTARG(lv) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(av);
2834 LvTARGOFF(lv) = elem;
2841 save_aelem(av, elem, svp);
2843 SAVEADELETE(av, elem);
2845 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
2846 PUSHs(vivify_ref(*svp, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF));
2850 sv = (svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
2851 if (!lval && SvRMAGICAL(av) && SvGMAGICAL(sv)) /* see note in pp_helem() */
2858 Perl_vivify_ref(pTHX_ SV *sv, U32 to_what)
2860 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_VIVIFY_REF;
2865 Perl_croak_no_modify(aTHX);
2866 prepare_SV_for_RV(sv);
2869 SvRV_set(sv, newSV(0));
2872 SvRV_set(sv, MUTABLE_SV(newAV()));
2875 SvRV_set(sv, MUTABLE_SV(newHV()));
2882 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
2883 /* copy the sv without magic to prevent magic from being
2885 SV* msv = sv_newmortal();
2886 sv_setsv_nomg(msv, sv);
2895 SV* const sv = TOPs;
2898 SV* const rsv = SvRV(sv);
2899 if (SvTYPE(rsv) == SVt_PVCV) {
2905 SETs(method_common(sv, NULL));
2912 SV* const sv = cSVOP_sv;
2913 U32 hash = SvSHARED_HASH(sv);
2915 XPUSHs(method_common(sv, &hash));
2920 S_method_common(pTHX_ SV* meth, U32* hashp)
2927 SV * const sv = PL_stack_base + TOPMARK == PL_stack_sp
2928 ? (Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" without a "
2929 "package or object reference", SVfARG(meth)),
2931 : *(PL_stack_base + TOPMARK + 1);
2933 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_METHOD_COMMON;
2937 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" on an undefined value",
2942 ob = MUTABLE_SV(SvRV(sv));
2943 else if (!SvOK(sv)) goto undefined;
2945 /* this isn't a reference */
2948 const char * const packname = SvPV_nomg_const(sv, packlen);
2949 const bool packname_is_utf8 = !!SvUTF8(sv);
2950 const HE* const he =
2951 (const HE *)hv_common(
2952 PL_stashcache, NULL, packname, packlen,
2953 packname_is_utf8 ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
2957 stash = INT2PTR(HV*,SvIV(HeVAL(he)));
2958 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "PL_stashcache hit %p for '%"SVf"'\n",
2963 if (!(iogv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(
2964 packname, packlen, SVf_UTF8 * packname_is_utf8, SVt_PVIO
2966 !(ob=MUTABLE_SV(GvIO(iogv))))
2968 /* this isn't the name of a filehandle either */
2971 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" "
2972 "without a package or object reference",
2975 /* assume it's a package name */
2976 stash = gv_stashpvn(packname, packlen, packname_is_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0);
2980 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
2981 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, packname,
2982 packname_is_utf8 ? -(I32)packlen : (I32)packlen, ref, 0);
2983 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "PL_stashcache caching %p for '%"SVf"'\n",
2988 /* it _is_ a filehandle name -- replace with a reference */
2989 *(PL_stack_base + TOPMARK + 1) = sv_2mortal(newRV(MUTABLE_SV(iogv)));
2992 /* if we got here, ob should be a reference or a glob */
2993 if (!ob || !(SvOBJECT(ob)
2994 || (SvTYPE(ob) == SVt_PVGV
2996 && (ob = MUTABLE_SV(GvIO((const GV *)ob)))
2999 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't call method \"%"SVf"\" on unblessed reference",
3000 SVfARG((SvSCREAM(meth) && strEQ(SvPV_nolen_const(meth),"isa"))
3001 ? newSVpvs_flags("DOES", SVs_TEMP)
3005 stash = SvSTASH(ob);
3008 /* NOTE: stash may be null, hope hv_fetch_ent and
3009 gv_fetchmethod can cope (it seems they can) */
3011 /* shortcut for simple names */
3013 const HE* const he = hv_fetch_ent(stash, meth, 0, *hashp);
3015 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(he));
3016 if (isGV(gv) && GvCV(gv) &&
3017 (!GvCVGEN(gv) || GvCVGEN(gv)
3018 == (PL_sub_generation + HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen)))
3019 return MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv));
3023 gv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash ? stash : MUTABLE_HV(packsv),
3024 meth, GV_AUTOLOAD | GV_CROAK);
3028 return isGV(gv) ? MUTABLE_SV(GvCV(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(gv);
3033 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3035 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3038 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: