3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
25 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
26 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
27 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
29 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
30 Perl stores its global variables.
42 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
43 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
46 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
53 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
54 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
58 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
60 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
61 * this is a dirhandle.
63 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
64 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
65 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
68 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
70 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
71 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
74 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
75 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
76 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
77 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
78 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
79 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
90 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
92 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
93 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
97 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
103 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
106 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
107 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
112 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
115 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
116 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
119 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
120 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
122 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
123 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
124 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
126 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
129 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
130 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv_AVadd(gv)), NULL, PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
131 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
137 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
139 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
140 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
141 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
148 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
150 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
152 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
153 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
154 return SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
158 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
163 const char *const file
164 = (PL_curcop && CopFILE(PL_curcop)) ? CopFILE(PL_curcop) : "";
165 const STRLEN len = strlen(file);
167 SV *const temp_sv = CopFILESV(PL_curcop);
171 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
174 file = SvPVX(temp_sv);
175 len = SvCUR(temp_sv);
182 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
186 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
187 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
190 gp->gp_line = PL_curcop ? CopLINE(PL_curcop) : 0;
191 /* XXX Ideally this cast would be replaced with a change to const char*
193 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
200 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
201 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
204 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
206 GV * const oldgv = CvGV(cv);
207 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
218 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
222 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv = gv;
223 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
228 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
229 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
232 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
236 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
239 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
241 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
242 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
246 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
247 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
249 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
253 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
255 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
256 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
257 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
258 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
259 for perl's internal use.
261 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
263 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
265 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
266 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
267 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
268 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
269 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
271 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
272 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
273 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
274 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
278 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
279 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
280 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
282 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
284 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
285 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
287 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
289 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
290 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
296 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
300 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
301 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
304 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
308 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
310 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
311 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
315 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
318 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
319 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
320 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
321 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
323 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
324 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
325 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
326 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
328 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
329 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
332 /* The constant has to be a simple scalar type. */
333 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
339 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
340 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
348 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
349 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
351 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
359 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
364 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
367 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
368 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
369 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
370 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
371 if (doproto) { /* Replicate part of newSUB here. */
375 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
376 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
377 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
379 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
380 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
381 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
382 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
383 from a reference to CV. */
384 if (exported_constant)
385 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
387 (void) start_subparse(0,0); /* Create empty CV in compcv. */
393 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv)); /* sub Foo::bar($) { (shift) } sub ASDF::baz($); *ASDF::baz = \&Foo::bar */
395 CvFILE_set_from_cop(cv, PL_curcop);
396 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash);
398 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
399 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
400 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
406 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
408 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
420 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
428 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
429 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
436 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
439 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
440 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
442 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
443 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
444 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
447 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
448 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
449 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
450 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
455 if (code >= 0) return NULL; /* not overridable */
457 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
458 no support for funcs that take labels, as their parsing is
460 case KEY_and: case KEY_cmp: case KEY_CORE: case KEY_dump:
461 case KEY_eq: case KEY_ge:
462 case KEY_gt: case KEY_le: case KEY_lt: case KEY_ne:
463 case KEY_or: case KEY_x: case KEY_xor:
466 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop:
467 case KEY_each: case KEY_eof: case KEY_exec:
476 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
483 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
488 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
489 oldparser = PL_parser;
490 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
491 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
492 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
494 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
498 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
500 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
503 mro_method_changed_in(GvSTASH(gv));
505 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
507 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
509 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
510 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
511 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
512 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
513 it this order as we need an op number before calling
515 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
517 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
521 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
526 : newSVpvn(name,len),
531 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv);
532 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR)
533 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
535 PL_parser = oldparser;
536 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
537 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
539 opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
541 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
543 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
548 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
550 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
552 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
554 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
555 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
561 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
565 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
566 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
569 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
573 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
575 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
576 instead of a string/length pair.
582 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
584 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
585 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
589 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
591 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
592 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
593 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
595 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
596 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
597 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
598 up caching info for this glob.
600 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
602 This function grants C<"SUPER"> token as a postfix of the stash name. The
603 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
604 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
605 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
606 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
611 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
614 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
622 GV* candidate = NULL;
626 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
630 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
632 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
634 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
636 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
637 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
643 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
645 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
650 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for method %s in package %s\n",name,hvname) );
652 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
654 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
655 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, create);
660 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
661 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
662 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
663 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
664 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
668 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
669 SvREFCNT_dec(cand_cv);
670 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
675 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
676 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
679 else if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
680 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
681 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
685 packlen = HvNAMELEN_get(stash);
686 if (packlen >= 7 && strEQ(hvname + packlen - 7, "::SUPER")) {
689 basestash = gv_stashpvn(hvname, packlen,
690 GV_ADD | (HvNAMEUTF8(stash) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
691 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(basestash);
694 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
697 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
698 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
700 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
702 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
705 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
706 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
708 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
714 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
716 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
717 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
718 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
720 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
726 else candidate = *gvp;
729 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
730 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
731 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
733 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
734 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
735 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
737 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
738 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
739 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
740 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
741 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
742 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
748 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
749 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
750 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags);
752 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
753 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
754 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
755 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
756 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
757 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
758 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
764 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
765 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
766 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
773 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
775 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
778 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
780 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
781 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
787 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
791 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
792 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
795 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
799 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
801 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
802 instead of a string/length pair.
808 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
810 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
811 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
815 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
817 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
818 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
820 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
821 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
822 of the result may be zero.
824 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
830 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
832 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
834 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
841 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
842 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
844 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
847 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
849 /* Have an autoload */
850 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
851 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
852 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
853 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
862 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
864 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
865 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
866 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
869 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
870 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
871 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
872 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
873 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
875 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token as a prefix of the method name. Note
876 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
877 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
878 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
879 created via a side effect to do this.
881 These functions have the same side-effects and as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
882 C<level==0>. C<name> should be writable if contains C<':'> or C<'
883 ''>. The warning against passing the GV returned by C<gv_fetchmeth> to
884 C<call_sv> apply equally to these functions.
890 S_gv_get_super_pkg(pTHX_ const char* name, I32 namelen, U32 flags)
897 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_GET_SUPER_PKG;
899 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, flags);
900 if(stash) return stash;
902 /* If we must create it, give it an @ISA array containing
903 the real package this SUPER is for, so that it's tied
904 into the cache invalidation code correctly */
905 stash = gv_stashpvn(name, namelen, GV_ADD | flags);
906 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(stash, "ISA", TRUE);
908 gv_init(gv, stash, "ISA", 3, TRUE);
909 superisa = GvAVn(gv);
911 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(superisa), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
913 av_push(superisa, newSVpvn_flags(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop),
914 strlen(CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop)),
915 CopSTASH_flags(PL_curcop)
918 av_push(superisa, newSVhek(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)
919 ? HvNAME_HEK(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) : NULL));
926 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
928 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
930 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
934 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
938 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
939 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
942 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
946 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
948 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
949 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
952 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
955 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
958 register const char *nend;
959 const char *nsplit = NULL;
962 const char * const origname = name;
963 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
964 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
965 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
966 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
968 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
970 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
973 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
974 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
975 the error reporting code. */
978 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
983 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
989 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
990 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
991 SV * const tmpstr = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
993 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK((HV*)CopSTASH(PL_curcop)))
995 /* __PACKAGE__::SUPER stash should be autovivified */
996 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(SvPVX_const(tmpstr), SvCUR(tmpstr), SvUTF8(tmpstr));
997 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
998 origname, HvNAME_get(stash), name) );
1001 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1002 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1004 /* however, explicit calls to Pkg::SUPER::method may
1005 happen, and may require autovivification to work */
1006 if (!stash && (nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1007 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7) &&
1008 gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8))
1009 stash = gv_get_super_pkg(origname, nsplit - origname, flags);
1014 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1016 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1017 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1019 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1020 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1022 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1023 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1026 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1027 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1028 * require it first instead of croaking */
1029 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1030 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1031 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1032 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1033 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1035 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1036 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1041 "Can't locate object method \"%"SVf
1042 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1043 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, nend - name,
1044 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)),
1045 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1051 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1052 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1054 packnamesv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(error_report));
1058 "Can't locate object method \"%"SVf"\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1059 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1060 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, nend - name,
1061 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)),
1062 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1066 else if (autoload) {
1067 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1068 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1076 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1079 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1080 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1081 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1082 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1092 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1096 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1097 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1100 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1104 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1106 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1107 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1111 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1119 SV *packname = NULL;
1120 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1122 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1124 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1127 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1128 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1129 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1130 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1131 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1135 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1137 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, is_utf8)))
1141 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1145 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1148 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1149 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1151 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1152 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf"::%"SVf"() is deprecated",
1154 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)));
1157 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1158 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1159 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1161 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1162 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1163 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1164 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1165 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1168 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1169 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1170 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1171 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1172 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1173 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1174 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1176 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1177 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1179 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1180 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1181 SV *tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1183 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1186 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1187 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1188 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1190 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1192 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1193 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1195 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpsv);
1196 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1200 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1204 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1210 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1211 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1212 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1213 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1215 varstash = GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1216 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1220 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1221 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1222 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1226 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1227 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1228 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1229 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1230 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1233 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1241 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1242 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1244 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1245 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1246 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1247 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1248 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1249 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1250 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1251 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1254 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1257 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1259 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1261 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1262 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1263 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1264 so save it. For the moment it's always
1266 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1271 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_MAGIC);
1272 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1276 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1278 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1279 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1280 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1281 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1282 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1284 SvREFCNT_dec(namesv);
1289 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1291 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1292 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1298 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1300 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1301 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1305 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1307 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1308 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1309 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1310 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1311 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1319 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1325 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1327 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1329 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1332 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1333 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1334 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1335 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1336 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1337 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1341 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1342 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1344 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1345 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1347 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1348 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1349 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1350 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1351 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1357 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1359 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1365 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1368 const char * const ptr = SvPV_const(sv,len);
1370 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1372 return gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, flags | SvUTF8(sv));
1377 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1378 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1379 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1383 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1385 const char * const nambeg =
1386 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1387 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1388 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1392 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1396 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1400 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1405 S_gv_magicalize_overload(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1409 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_OVERLOAD;
1413 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_overload);
1417 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
1418 const svtype sv_type)
1421 register const char *name = nambeg;
1422 register GV *gv = NULL;
1425 register const char *name_cursor;
1427 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
1428 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
1429 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
1430 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1431 bool addmg = !!(flags & GV_ADDMG);
1432 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1433 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1436 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
1438 if (flags & GV_NOTQUAL) {
1439 /* Caller promised that there is no stash, so we can skip the check. */
1444 if (full_len > 2 && *name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1445 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1449 for (name_cursor = name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1450 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1451 ((*name_cursor == ':'
1452 && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1453 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1456 stash = PL_defstash;
1457 if (!stash || !SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1460 len = name_cursor - name;
1461 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1463 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1468 Newx(tmpbuf, len+2, char);
1469 Copy(name, tmpbuf, len, char);
1470 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
1471 tmpbuf[len++] = ':';
1474 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, key, is_utf8 ? -len : len, add);
1475 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1476 if (gv && gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1477 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1478 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, key, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1484 if (!gv || gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1487 if (!(stash = GvHV(gv)))
1489 stash = GvHV(gv) = newHV();
1490 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1491 if (GvSTASH(gv) == PL_defstash && len == 6
1492 && strnEQ(name, "CORE", 4))
1493 hv_name_set(stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1496 stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1498 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1499 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1500 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(gv))->xhv_name_count)
1501 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, gv, 1);
1504 else if (!HvNAME_get(stash))
1505 hv_name_set(stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1508 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1510 name = name_cursor+1;
1511 if (name == name_end)
1513 ? gv : MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1516 len = name_cursor - name;
1518 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1522 if (len && isIDFIRST_lazy(name)) {
1523 bool global = FALSE;
1531 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1532 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1533 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1537 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1542 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1543 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1547 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1548 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1549 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1553 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1554 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1561 stash = PL_defstash;
1562 else if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1563 stash = PL_curstash;
1564 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1565 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1566 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1567 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1568 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1569 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1570 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1572 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,0);
1574 *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1575 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1579 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1580 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1581 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1583 SV* namesv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1584 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1586 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1587 "Variable \"%c%"SVf"\" is not imported",
1588 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1589 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1593 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1594 "\t(Did you mean &%"SVf" instead?)\n", SVfARG(namesv)
1601 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1604 stash = PL_defstash;
1607 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
1611 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1612 "Global symbol \"%s%"SVf"\" requires explicit package name",
1613 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1614 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1615 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1616 : ""), SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(name, len, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8)));
1618 if (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES)
1621 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1623 /* symbol table under destruction */
1632 if (!SvREFCNT(stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1635 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -len : len,add);
1636 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1637 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
1640 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
1641 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
1644 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
1647 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
1648 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
1649 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
1651 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1652 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
1653 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1655 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
1657 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1658 else if (*name == '&' || *name == '`' || *name == '\'') {
1659 PL_sawampersand = TRUE;
1664 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
1665 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
1666 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
1667 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1670 } else if (no_init) {
1673 } else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
1678 /* Adding a new symbol.
1679 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
1680 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
1682 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
1683 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
1685 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
1687 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
1688 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL), "Had to create %"SVf" unexpectedly",
1689 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(nambeg, name_end-nambeg, SVs_TEMP | is_utf8 )));
1690 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1692 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8)
1693 && ! (isLEXWARN_on ? ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) : (PL_dowarn & G_WARN_ON ) ) )
1696 /* set up magic where warranted */
1697 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1698 /* We only have to check for four names here: EXPORT, ISA, OVERLOAD
1699 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1700 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1702 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1705 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1709 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1710 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1713 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD"))
1714 gv_magicalize_overload(gv);
1717 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1723 goto add_magical_gv;
1726 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1727 /* Avoid null warning: */
1728 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1729 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1730 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1737 /* Nothing else to do.
1738 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1739 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1740 the common case of lower case variable names. */
1744 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1747 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1748 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1750 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1755 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1759 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1760 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1764 if (strEQ(name2, "VERLOAD")) {
1765 gv_magicalize_overload(gv);
1769 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1772 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1773 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1774 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1775 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1777 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1778 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1779 use didn't clean up fully because
1780 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1781 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1782 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1783 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1784 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1785 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1786 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1787 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1791 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1792 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1793 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1795 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1800 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1803 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1804 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1807 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1808 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1811 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1812 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1815 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1816 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH"))
1818 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1819 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1822 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1823 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH") || strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH"))
1826 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1827 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1830 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1831 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1833 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1835 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1838 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1839 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1852 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1854 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1855 const char *end = name + len;
1856 while (--end > name) {
1857 if (!isDIGIT(*end)) goto add_magical_gv;
1864 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1865 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1871 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1872 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1873 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1874 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1876 )) { PL_sawampersand = TRUE; }
1880 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
1884 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
1885 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
1891 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
1893 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1895 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
1896 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1898 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1900 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
1906 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
1908 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
1909 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
1911 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
1912 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1914 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1917 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1919 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1921 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
1928 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
1929 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
1930 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
1931 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
1934 sv_setiv(GvSVn(gv), (IV)(IoFLAGS(GvIOp(PL_defoutgv)) & IOf_FLUSH) != 0);
1937 case '\010': /* $^H */
1939 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
1940 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
1944 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
1945 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
1946 if (addmg) (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
1947 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
1950 else goto magicalize;
1952 case '\023': /* $^S */
1954 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
1978 case '\001': /* $^A */
1979 case '\003': /* $^C */
1980 case '\004': /* $^D */
1981 case '\005': /* $^E */
1982 case '\006': /* $^F */
1983 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
1984 case '\016': /* $^N */
1985 case '\017': /* $^O */
1986 case '\020': /* $^P */
1987 case '\024': /* $^T */
1988 case '\027': /* $^W */
1990 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
1993 case '\014': /* $^L */
1994 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
1995 PL_formfeed = GvSVn(gv);
1998 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2002 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2003 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2004 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2005 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2006 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2010 case '\026': /* $^V */
2012 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2013 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2014 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2022 if (GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) || GvCV(gv) || (
2023 GvSV(gv) && (SvOK(GvSV(gv)) || SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)))
2025 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2026 else SvREFCNT_dec(gv), gv = NULL;
2028 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2033 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2036 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2038 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2040 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2042 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2043 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2044 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2045 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2049 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2050 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2054 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2056 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2058 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2060 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2064 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ const HV *stash)
2069 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2071 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2073 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2075 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2078 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2079 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2081 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash)
2082 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2084 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2085 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2087 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2088 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2091 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2093 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2095 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2096 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2098 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2099 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2100 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2101 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2102 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2109 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2112 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2114 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"SVf"::_GEN_%ld",
2115 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(pack, strlen(pack),
2121 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2124 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2132 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2133 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2134 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2135 SvREFCNT_dec(gp->gp_cv);
2144 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2150 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2152 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2153 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2154 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2155 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2158 if (--gp->gp_refcnt > 0) {
2159 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2166 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2168 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2169 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2170 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2171 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2172 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2173 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2174 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2176 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2185 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2189 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2190 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2191 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2192 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2193 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2194 (void)hv_delete(PL_stashcache, HEK_KEY(hvname_hek),
2195 (HEK_UTF8(hvname_hek) ? -HEK_LEN(hvname_hek) : HEK_LEN(hvname_hek)),
2203 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2209 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2211 if (--attempts == 0) {
2213 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2214 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2224 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2226 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2227 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2229 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2231 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2233 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2234 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2236 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2237 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2244 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2246 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2247 * 0 if there is no overload
2248 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2252 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2255 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2257 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2260 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2262 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2264 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2265 if (amtp->was_ok_am == PL_amagic_generation
2266 && amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2267 return AMT_OVERLOADED(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2269 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2272 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2275 amt.was_ok_am = PL_amagic_generation;
2276 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2277 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2281 int filled = 0, have_ovl = 0;
2284 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2286 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2287 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2288 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2292 lim = DESTROY_amg; /* Skip overloading entries. */
2293 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2295 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2298 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2299 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2301 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2303 for (i = 1; i < lim; i++)
2304 amt.table[i] = NULL;
2305 for (; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2306 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2307 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2308 const char * const cp = (i >= DESTROY_amg ? cooky : AMG_id2name(i));
2309 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2311 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2312 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2313 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2314 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2315 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2316 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2317 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2318 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2319 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2320 if (i >= DESTROY_amg)
2321 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, 0, 0);
2322 else /* Autoload taken care of below */
2323 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2325 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv))) {
2326 if(GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")){
2327 const char * const hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2328 if (hvname && HEK_LEN(HvNAME_HEK(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))) == 8
2329 && strEQ(hvname, "overload")) {
2330 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2331 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2332 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2334 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2336 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2337 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2338 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2339 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2340 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2342 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2347 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2349 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2350 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2351 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2352 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2353 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2354 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2362 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2365 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2366 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2367 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2369 if (i < DESTROY_amg)
2371 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2372 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2375 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2378 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2380 AMT_OVERLOADED_on(&amt);
2381 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2382 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2386 /* Here we have no table: */
2388 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2389 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2390 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2396 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2402 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2404 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2407 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2408 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2410 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2413 /* If we're looking up a destructor to invoke, we must avoid
2414 * that Gv_AMupdate croaks, because we might be dying already */
2415 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, cBOOL(id == DESTROY_amg)) == -1) {
2416 /* and if it didn't found a destructor, we fall back
2417 * to a simpler method that will only look for the
2418 * destructor instead of the whole magic */
2419 if (id == DESTROY_amg) {
2420 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, "DESTROY");
2426 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2429 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2430 if ( amtp->was_ok_am != PL_amagic_generation
2431 || amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2433 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2434 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2435 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2436 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2437 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2438 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2439 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2440 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2452 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2453 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2455 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2457 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2461 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2465 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2469 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2470 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2471 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2476 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2477 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2487 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2493 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2494 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2497 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2499 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2500 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2504 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2507 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2508 SV* const right = TOPs;
2514 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2515 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2516 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2518 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2525 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2526 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2536 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2537 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2539 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2542 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2543 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2545 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2548 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2550 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2552 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2558 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2561 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2563 while (SvAMAGIC(ref) &&
2564 (tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2565 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2567 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2568 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2569 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2574 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2578 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2580 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2582 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2584 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2585 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2587 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2588 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2589 * masked by overloading.pm */
2591 const int offset = method / 8;
2592 const int bit = method % 8;
2593 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2595 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2596 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2603 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2608 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2609 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2610 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2611 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2612 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2613 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2614 int use_default_op = 0;
2620 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2622 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2623 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2626 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2627 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))
2628 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2629 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2630 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2632 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2633 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2639 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
2640 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
2642 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
2645 /* look for substituted methods */
2646 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
2650 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
2651 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
2652 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2657 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
2658 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
2659 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2663 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2666 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2669 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
2672 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
2673 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
2674 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
2681 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
2684 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
2685 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
2687 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
2688 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
2690 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
2691 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
2692 /* As a bit of a source compatibility hack, SvAMAGIC() and
2693 friends dereference an RV, to behave the same was as when
2694 overloading was stored on the reference, not the referant.
2695 Hence we can't use SvAMAGIC_on()
2697 SvFLAGS(newref) |= SVf_AMAGIC;
2698 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
2704 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
2705 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
2706 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2708 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2709 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
2710 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
2712 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
2713 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
2714 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
2717 if (off==subtr_amg) {
2728 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
2730 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
2735 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2736 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
2739 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2747 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2752 if (!cv) goto not_found;
2753 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
2754 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))
2755 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2756 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2757 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2759 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
2762 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
2763 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
2764 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
2765 /* We look for substitution for
2766 * comparison operations and
2768 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
2769 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
2770 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
2792 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2796 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
2806 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
2814 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
2817 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
2818 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
2819 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
2820 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
2821 } else if ((use_default_op =
2822 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
2823 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
2825 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
2829 if (off==-1) off=method;
2830 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
2831 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
2832 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2833 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
2835 "in overloaded package ":
2836 "has no overloaded magic",
2838 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
2841 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
2844 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
2846 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
2847 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
2848 if (use_default_op) {
2849 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
2851 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
2855 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
2860 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
2861 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
2863 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2865 method+assignshift==off? "" :
2866 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
2867 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
2868 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
2869 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
2870 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
2871 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
2872 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
2875 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
2876 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
2877 * version of copy operator
2879 /* We need to copy in following cases:
2880 * a) Assignment form was called.
2881 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
2882 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
2883 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
2884 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
2885 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
2887 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
2888 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
2890 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
2891 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
2894 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
2895 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
2897 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
2898 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
2901 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
2902 * information by hand */
2903 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
2905 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
2906 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
2908 SvREFCNT_dec(tmpRef);
2916 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
2919 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
2920 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
2921 myop.op_next = NULL;
2922 myop.op_flags = OPf_WANT_SCALAR | OPf_STACKED;
2924 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
2927 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
2928 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
2929 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
2931 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
2933 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
2934 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
2935 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
2936 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
2938 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
2939 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
2941 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2944 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
2952 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
2959 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
2962 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
2965 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
2968 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
2971 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
2974 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
2977 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
2979 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
2984 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
2986 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
2988 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
2996 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3001 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3004 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3006 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3007 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3010 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3011 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3015 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3017 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3018 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3019 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3020 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3021 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3022 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3023 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3025 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3027 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3028 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3029 more compactly represents the same thing.
3035 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3041 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3043 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3045 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3047 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3048 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3049 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3050 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3051 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3052 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3054 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3056 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3057 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3059 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3060 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3066 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3067 (void)hv_delete(stash, HEK_KEY(gvnhek),
3068 HEK_UTF8(gvnhek) ? -HEK_LEN(gvnhek) : HEK_LEN(gvnhek), G_DISCARD);
3069 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv &&
3070 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3071 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3072 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3073 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3074 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3075 (gvp = hv_fetch(stash, HEK_KEY(namehek),
3076 HEK_LEN(namehek)*(HEK_UTF8(namehek) ? -1 : 1), 0)) &&
3078 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3082 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK;
3083 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3084 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3085 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3092 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3095 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3101 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3103 * indent-tabs-mode: t
3106 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet: