3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'Mercy!' cried Gandalf. 'If the giving of information is to be the cure
13 * of your inquisitiveness, I shall spend all the rest of my days in answering
14 * you. What more do you want to know?'
15 * 'The names of all the stars, and of all living things, and the whole
16 * history of Middle-earth and Over-heaven and of the Sundering Seas,'
19 * [p.599 of _The Lord of the Rings_, III/xi: "The PalantÃr"]
24 A GV is a structure which corresponds to to a Perl typeglob, ie *foo.
25 It is a structure that holds a pointer to a scalar, an array, a hash etc,
26 corresponding to $foo, @foo, %foo.
28 GVs are usually found as values in stashes (symbol table hashes) where
29 Perl stores its global variables.
41 static const char S_autoload[] = "AUTOLOAD";
42 static const STRLEN S_autolen = sizeof(S_autoload)-1;
45 Perl_gv_add_by_type(pTHX_ GV *gv, svtype type)
52 SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVGV
53 && SvTYPE((const SV *)gv) != SVt_PVLV
57 if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
59 * if it walks like a dirhandle, then let's assume that
60 * this is a dirhandle.
62 what = OP_IS_DIRHOP(PL_op->op_type) ?
63 "dirhandle" : "filehandle";
64 } else if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
67 what = type == SVt_PVAV ? "array" : "scalar";
69 /* diag_listed_as: Bad symbol for filehandle */
70 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Bad symbol for %s", what);
73 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
74 where = (SV **)&GvHV(gv);
75 } else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
76 where = (SV **)&GvAV(gv);
77 } else if (type == SVt_PVIO) {
78 where = (SV **)&GvIOp(gv);
85 *where = newSV_type(type);
86 if (type == SVt_PVAV && GvNAMELEN(gv) == 3
87 && strnEQ(GvNAME(gv), "ISA", 3))
88 sv_magic(*where, (SV *)gv, PERL_MAGIC_isa, NULL, 0);
94 Perl_gv_fetchfile(pTHX_ const char *name)
96 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE;
97 return gv_fetchfile_flags(name, strlen(name), 0);
101 Perl_gv_fetchfile_flags(pTHX_ const char *const name, const STRLEN namelen,
106 const STRLEN tmplen = namelen + 2;
109 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHFILE_FLAGS;
110 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(flags);
115 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
118 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
119 /* This is where the debugger's %{"::_<$filename"} hash is created */
122 memcpy(tmpbuf + 2, name, namelen);
123 gv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, TRUE);
125 gv_init(gv, PL_defstash, tmpbuf, tmplen, FALSE);
126 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
127 GvSV(gv) = newSVpvn(name, namelen);
129 sv_setpvn(GvSV(gv), name, namelen);
132 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && !GvAV(gv))
133 hv_magic(GvHVn(gv), GvAVn(gv), PERL_MAGIC_dbfile);
134 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
140 =for apidoc gv_const_sv
142 If C<gv> is a typeglob whose subroutine entry is a constant sub eligible for
143 inlining, or C<gv> is a placeholder reference that would be promoted to such
144 a typeglob, then returns the value returned by the sub. Otherwise, returns
151 Perl_gv_const_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv)
153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CONST_SV;
156 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV)
157 return cv_const_sv(GvCVu(gv));
158 return SvROK(gv) && SvTYPE(SvRV(gv)) != SVt_PVAV ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
162 Perl_newGP(pTHX_ GV *const gv)
173 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGP;
175 gp->gp_egv = gv; /* allow compiler to reuse gv after this */
176 #ifndef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
177 gp->gp_sv = newSV(0);
180 /* PL_curcop may be null here. E.g.,
181 INIT { bless {} and exit }
182 frees INIT before looking up DESTROY (and creating *DESTROY)
185 gp->gp_line = CopLINE(PL_curcop); /* 0 otherwise Newxz */
187 if (CopFILE(PL_curcop)) {
188 file = CopFILE(PL_curcop);
192 filegv = CopFILEGV(PL_curcop);
194 file = GvNAME(filegv)+2;
195 len = GvNAMELEN(filegv)-2;
206 PERL_HASH(hash, file, len);
207 gp->gp_file_hek = share_hek(file, len, hash);
213 /* Assign CvGV(cv) = gv, handling weak references.
214 * See also S_anonymise_cv_maybe */
217 Perl_cvgv_set(pTHX_ CV* cv, GV* gv)
219 GV * const oldgv = CvNAMED(cv) ? NULL : SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv;
221 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_SET;
228 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(oldgv);
232 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldgv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
235 else if ((hek = CvNAME_HEK(cv))) {
241 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
242 assert(!CvCVGV_RC(cv));
247 if (isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) && (GvCV(gv) == cv || GvFORM(gv) == cv))
248 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(gv), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
251 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
255 /* Convert CvSTASH + CvNAME_HEK into a GV. Conceptually, all subs have a
256 GV, but for efficiency that GV may not in fact exist. This function,
257 called by CvGV, reifies it. */
260 Perl_cvgv_from_hek(pTHX_ CV *cv)
264 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVGV_FROM_HEK;
265 assert(SvTYPE(cv) == SVt_PVCV);
266 if (!CvSTASH(cv)) return NULL;
267 ASSUME(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
268 svp = hv_fetchhek(CvSTASH(cv), CvNAME_HEK(cv), 0);
269 gv = MUTABLE_GV(svp && *svp ? *svp : newSV(0));
271 gv_init_pvn(gv, CvSTASH(cv), HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
272 HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)),
273 SVf_UTF8 * !!HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)));
274 if (!CvNAMED(cv)) { /* gv_init took care of it */
275 assert (SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv == gv);
278 unshare_hek(CvNAME_HEK(cv));
280 SvANY(cv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_gv = gv;
281 if (svp && *svp) SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(gv);
286 /* Assign CvSTASH(cv) = st, handling weak references. */
289 Perl_cvstash_set(pTHX_ CV *cv, HV *st)
291 HV *oldst = CvSTASH(cv);
292 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_CVSTASH_SET;
296 sv_del_backref(MUTABLE_SV(oldst), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
297 SvANY(cv)->xcv_stash = st;
299 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(st), MUTABLE_SV(cv));
303 =for apidoc gv_init_pvn
305 Converts a scalar into a typeglob. This is an incoercible typeglob;
306 assigning a reference to it will assign to one of its slots, instead of
307 overwriting it as happens with typeglobs created by SvSetSV. Converting
308 any scalar that is SvOK() may produce unpredictable results and is reserved
309 for perl's internal use.
311 C<gv> is the scalar to be converted.
313 C<stash> is the parent stash/package, if any.
315 C<name> and C<len> give the name. The name must be unqualified;
316 that is, it must not include the package name. If C<gv> is a
317 stash element, it is the caller's responsibility to ensure that the name
318 passed to this function matches the name of the element. If it does not
319 match, perl's internal bookkeeping will get out of sync.
321 C<flags> can be set to SVf_UTF8 if C<name> is a UTF8 string, or
322 the return value of SvUTF8(sv). It can also take the
323 GV_ADDMULTI flag, which means to pretend that the GV has been
324 seen before (i.e., suppress "Used once" warnings).
328 The old form of gv_init_pvn(). It does not work with UTF8 strings, as it
329 has no flags parameter. If the C<multi> parameter is set, the
330 GV_ADDMULTI flag will be passed to gv_init_pvn().
332 =for apidoc gv_init_pv
334 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes a nul-terminated string for the name
335 instead of separate char * and length parameters.
337 =for apidoc gv_init_sv
339 Same as gv_init_pvn(), but takes an SV * for the name instead of separate
340 char * and length parameters. C<flags> is currently unused.
346 Perl_gv_init_sv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
350 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SV;
351 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
354 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
358 Perl_gv_init_pv(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
360 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PV;
361 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
365 Perl_gv_init_pvn(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
367 const U32 old_type = SvTYPE(gv);
368 const bool doproto = old_type > SVt_NULL;
369 char * const proto = (doproto && SvPOK(gv))
370 ? ((void)(SvIsCOW(gv) && (sv_force_normal((SV *)gv), 0)), SvPVX(gv))
372 const STRLEN protolen = proto ? SvCUR(gv) : 0;
373 const U32 proto_utf8 = proto ? SvUTF8(gv) : 0;
374 SV *const has_constant = doproto && SvROK(gv) ? SvRV(gv) : NULL;
375 const U32 exported_constant = has_constant ? SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv) : 0;
377 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_PVN;
378 assert (!(proto && has_constant));
381 /* The constant has to be a scalar, array or subroutine. */
382 switch (SvTYPE(has_constant)) {
386 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob",
387 sv_reftype(has_constant, 0));
396 if (old_type < SVt_PVGV) {
397 if (old_type >= SVt_PV)
399 sv_upgrade(MUTABLE_SV(gv), SVt_PVGV);
407 Safefree(SvPVX_mutable(gv));
412 GvGP_set(gv, Perl_newGP(aTHX_ gv));
415 Perl_sv_add_backref(aTHX_ MUTABLE_SV(stash), MUTABLE_SV(gv));
416 gv_name_set(gv, name, len, GV_ADD | ( flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 ));
417 if (flags & GV_ADDMULTI || doproto) /* doproto means it */
418 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* _was_ mentioned */
419 if (has_constant && SvTYPE(has_constant) == SVt_PVCV) {
420 /* Not actually a constant. Just a regular sub. */
421 CV * const cv = (CV *)has_constant;
423 if (CvSTASH(cv) == stash && (
424 CvNAME_HEK(cv) == GvNAME_HEK(gv)
425 || ( HEK_LEN(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_LEN(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
426 && HEK_FLAGS(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) != HEK_FLAGS(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
427 && HEK_UTF8(CvNAME_HEK(cv)) == HEK_UTF8(GvNAME_HEK(gv))
428 && memEQ(HEK_KEY(CvNAME_HEK(cv)), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv))
436 /* newCONSTSUB takes ownership of the reference from us. */
437 cv = newCONSTSUB_flags(stash, name, len, flags, has_constant);
438 /* In case op.c:S_process_special_blocks stole it: */
440 GvCV_set(gv, (CV *)SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(cv));
441 assert(GvCV(gv) == cv); /* newCONSTSUB should have set this */
442 /* If this reference was a copy of another, then the subroutine
443 must have been "imported", by a Perl space assignment to a GV
444 from a reference to CV. */
445 if (exported_constant)
446 GvIMPORTED_CV_on(gv);
447 CvSTASH_set(cv, PL_curstash); /* XXX Why is this needed? */
452 sv_usepvn_flags(MUTABLE_SV(cv), proto, protolen,
453 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
454 if ( proto_utf8 ) SvUTF8_on(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
460 S_gv_init_svtype(pTHX_ GV *gv, const svtype sv_type)
462 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_INIT_SVTYPE;
474 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
482 /* Work round what appears to be a bug in Sun C++ 5.8 2005/10/13
483 If we just cast GvSVn(gv) to void, it ignores evaluating it for
490 static void core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv);
493 S_maybe_add_coresub(pTHX_ HV * const stash, GV *gv,
494 const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
496 const int code = keyword(name, len, 1);
497 static const char file[] = __FILE__;
498 CV *cv, *oldcompcv = NULL;
500 bool ampable = TRUE; /* &{}-able */
501 COP *oldcurcop = NULL;
502 yy_parser *oldparser = NULL;
503 I32 oldsavestack_ix = 0;
508 if (!code) return NULL; /* Not a keyword */
509 switch (code < 0 ? -code : code) {
510 /* no support for \&CORE::infix;
511 no support for funcs that do not parse like funcs */
512 case KEY___DATA__: case KEY___END__: case KEY_and: case KEY_AUTOLOAD:
513 case KEY_BEGIN : case KEY_CHECK : case KEY_cmp:
514 case KEY_default : case KEY_DESTROY:
515 case KEY_do : case KEY_dump : case KEY_else : case KEY_elsif :
516 case KEY_END : case KEY_eq : case KEY_eval :
517 case KEY_for : case KEY_foreach: case KEY_format: case KEY_ge :
518 case KEY_given : case KEY_goto : case KEY_grep :
519 case KEY_gt : case KEY_if: case KEY_INIT: case KEY_last: case KEY_le:
520 case KEY_local: case KEY_lt: case KEY_m : case KEY_map : case KEY_my:
521 case KEY_ne : case KEY_next : case KEY_no: case KEY_or: case KEY_our:
522 case KEY_package: case KEY_print: case KEY_printf:
523 case KEY_q : case KEY_qq : case KEY_qr : case KEY_qw :
524 case KEY_qx : case KEY_redo : case KEY_require: case KEY_return:
525 case KEY_s : case KEY_say : case KEY_sort :
526 case KEY_state: case KEY_sub :
527 case KEY_tr : case KEY_UNITCHECK: case KEY_unless:
528 case KEY_until: case KEY_use : case KEY_when : case KEY_while :
529 case KEY_x : case KEY_xor : case KEY_y :
532 case KEY_chomp: case KEY_chop: case KEY_defined: case KEY_delete:
533 case KEY_each : case KEY_eof : case KEY_exec : case KEY_exists:
539 case KEY_splice: case KEY_split:
542 case KEY_truncate: case KEY_unlink:
549 gv_init(gv, stash, name, len, TRUE);
554 oldcurcop = PL_curcop;
555 oldparser = PL_parser;
556 lex_start(NULL, NULL, 0);
557 oldcompcv = PL_compcv;
558 PL_compcv = NULL; /* Prevent start_subparse from setting
560 oldsavestack_ix = start_subparse(FALSE,0);
564 /* Avoid calling newXS, as it calls us, and things start to
566 cv = MUTABLE_CV(newSV_type(SVt_PVCV));
570 CvXSUB(cv) = core_xsub;
572 CvGV_set(cv, gv); /* This stops new ATTRSUB from setting CvFILE
574 (void)gv_fetchfile(file);
575 CvFILE(cv) = (char *)file;
576 /* XXX This is inefficient, as doing things this order causes
577 a prototype check in newATTRSUB. But we have to do
578 it this order as we need an op number before calling
580 (void)core_prototype((SV *)cv, name, code, &opnum);
582 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
588 /* newATTRSUB will free the CV and return NULL if we're still
589 compiling after a syntax error */
590 if ((cv = newATTRSUB_x(
591 oldsavestack_ix, (OP *)gv,
596 : newSVpvn(name,len),
601 assert(GvCV(gv) == orig_cv);
602 if (opnum != OP_VEC && opnum != OP_SUBSTR && opnum != OP_POS
603 && opnum != OP_UNDEF)
604 CvLVALUE_off(cv); /* Now *that* was a neat trick. */
607 PL_parser = oldparser;
608 PL_curcop = oldcurcop;
609 PL_compcv = oldcompcv;
612 SV *opnumsv = opnum ? newSVuv((UV)opnum) : (SV *)NULL;
614 cv, Perl_ck_entersub_args_core, opnumsv ? opnumsv : (SV *)cv
616 SvREFCNT_dec(opnumsv);
623 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth
625 Like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but lacks a flags parameter.
627 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv
629 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes the name string in the form
630 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
636 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
640 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV;
641 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
644 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
648 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv
650 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn>, but takes a nul-terminated string
651 instead of a string/length pair.
657 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
659 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV;
660 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
664 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn
666 Returns the glob with the given C<name> and a defined subroutine or
667 C<NULL>. The glob lives in the given C<stash>, or in the stashes
668 accessible via @ISA and UNIVERSAL::.
670 The argument C<level> should be either 0 or -1. If C<level==0>, as a
671 side-effect creates a glob with the given C<name> in the given C<stash>
672 which in the case of success contains an alias for the subroutine, and sets
673 up caching info for this glob.
675 The only significant values for C<flags> are GV_SUPER and SVf_UTF8.
677 GV_SUPER indicates that we want to look up the method in the superclasses
681 GV returned from C<gv_fetchmeth> may be a method cache entry, which is not
682 visible to Perl code. So when calling C<call_sv>, you should not use
683 the GV directly; instead, you should use the method's CV, which can be
684 obtained from the GV with the C<GvCV> macro.
689 /* NOTE: No support for tied ISA */
692 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
698 HV* cstash, *cachestash;
699 GV* candidate = NULL;
703 I32 create = (level >= 0) ? 1 : 0;
706 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
708 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN;
710 /* UNIVERSAL methods should be callable without a stash */
712 create = 0; /* probably appropriate */
713 if(!(stash = gv_stashpvs("UNIVERSAL", 0)))
719 hvname = HvNAME_get(stash);
721 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup");
726 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Looking for %smethod %s in package %s\n",
727 flags & GV_SUPER ? "SUPER " : "",name,hvname) );
729 topgen_cmp = HvMROMETA(stash)->cache_gen + PL_sub_generation;
731 if (flags & GV_SUPER) {
732 if (!HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super)
733 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super = newHV();
734 cachestash = HvAUX(stash)->xhv_mro_meta->super;
736 else cachestash = stash;
738 /* check locally for a real method or a cache entry */
739 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cachestash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,
745 if (SvTYPE(topgv) != SVt_PVGV)
746 gv_init_pvn(topgv, stash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
747 if ((cand_cv = GvCV(topgv))) {
748 /* If genuine method or valid cache entry, use it */
749 if (!GvCVGEN(topgv) || GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
753 /* stale cache entry, junk it and move on */
754 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(cand_cv);
755 GvCV_set(topgv, NULL);
760 else if (GvCVGEN(topgv) == topgen_cmp) {
761 /* cache indicates no such method definitively */
764 else if (stash == cachestash
765 && len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4
766 && strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
767 && S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ NULL,topgv,name,len))
771 linear_av = mro_get_linear_isa(stash); /* has ourselves at the top of the list */
772 linear_svp = AvARRAY(linear_av) + 1; /* skip over self */
773 items = AvFILLp(linear_av); /* no +1, to skip over self */
775 linear_sv = *linear_svp++;
777 cstash = gv_stashsv(linear_sv, 0);
780 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
781 "Can't locate package %"SVf" for @%"HEKf"::ISA",
783 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
789 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(cstash, name, is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, 0);
791 if (len > 1 && HvNAMELEN_get(cstash) == 4) {
792 const char *hvname = HvNAME(cstash); assert(hvname);
793 if (strnEQ(hvname, "CORE", 4)
795 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ cstash,NULL,name,len)
801 else candidate = *gvp;
804 if (SvTYPE(candidate) != SVt_PVGV)
805 gv_init_pvn(candidate, cstash, name, len, GV_ADDMULTI|is_utf8);
806 if (SvTYPE(candidate) == SVt_PVGV && (cand_cv = GvCV(candidate)) && !GvCVGEN(candidate)) {
808 * Found real method, cache method in topgv if:
809 * 1. topgv has no synonyms (else inheritance crosses wires)
810 * 2. method isn't a stub (else AUTOLOAD fails spectacularly)
812 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
813 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
814 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
815 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
816 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
817 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
823 /* Check UNIVERSAL without caching */
824 if(level == 0 || level == -1) {
825 candidate = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(NULL, name, len, 1, flags &~GV_SUPER);
827 cand_cv = GvCV(candidate);
828 if (topgv && (GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) && (CvROOT(cand_cv) || CvXSUB(cand_cv))) {
829 CV *old_cv = GvCV(topgv);
830 SvREFCNT_dec(old_cv);
831 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(cand_cv);
832 GvCV_set(topgv, cand_cv);
833 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
839 if (topgv && GvREFCNT(topgv) == 1) {
840 /* cache the fact that the method is not defined */
841 GvCVGEN(topgv) = topgen_cmp;
848 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_autoload
850 This is the old form of L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, which has no flags
853 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload
855 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes the name string in the form
856 of an SV instead of a string/length pair.
862 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_sv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, I32 level, U32 flags)
866 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_SV_AUTOLOAD;
867 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
870 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, namepv, namelen, level, flags);
874 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload
876 Exactly like L</gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload>, but takes a nul-terminated string
877 instead of a string/length pair.
883 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pv_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 level, U32 flags)
885 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PV_AUTOLOAD;
886 return gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(stash, name, strlen(name), level, flags);
890 =for apidoc gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload
892 Same as gv_fetchmeth_pvn(), but looks for autoloaded subroutines too.
893 Returns a glob for the subroutine.
895 For an autoloaded subroutine without a GV, will create a GV even
896 if C<level < 0>. For an autoloaded subroutine without a stub, GvCV()
897 of the result may be zero.
899 Currently, the only significant value for C<flags> is SVf_UTF8.
905 Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, I32 level, U32 flags)
907 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, level, flags);
909 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETH_PVN_AUTOLOAD;
916 return NULL; /* UNIVERSAL::AUTOLOAD could cause trouble */
917 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
919 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE, flags)))
922 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
924 /* Have an autoload */
925 if (level < 0) /* Cannot do without a stub */
926 gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, len, 0, flags);
927 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash, name,
928 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)len : (I32)len, (level >= 0));
937 =for apidoc gv_fetchmethod_autoload
939 Returns the glob which contains the subroutine to call to invoke the method
940 on the C<stash>. In fact in the presence of autoloading this may be the
941 glob for "AUTOLOAD". In this case the corresponding variable $AUTOLOAD is
944 The third parameter of C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload> determines whether
945 AUTOLOAD lookup is performed if the given method is not present: non-zero
946 means yes, look for AUTOLOAD; zero means no, don't look for AUTOLOAD.
947 Calling C<gv_fetchmethod> is equivalent to calling C<gv_fetchmethod_autoload>
948 with a non-zero C<autoload> parameter.
950 These functions grant C<"SUPER"> token
951 as a prefix of the method name. Note
952 that if you want to keep the returned glob for a long time, you need to
953 check for it being "AUTOLOAD", since at the later time the call may load a
954 different subroutine due to $AUTOLOAD changing its value. Use the glob
955 created as a side effect to do this.
957 These functions have the same side-effects as C<gv_fetchmeth> with
958 C<level==0>. The warning against passing the GV returned by
959 C<gv_fetchmeth> to C<call_sv> applies equally to these functions.
965 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_autoload(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, I32 autoload)
967 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_AUTOLOAD;
969 return gv_fetchmethod_flags(stash, name, autoload ? GV_AUTOLOAD : 0);
973 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *namesv, U32 flags)
977 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_SV_FLAGS;
978 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
981 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
985 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pv_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, U32 flags)
987 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PV_FLAGS;
988 return gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(stash, name, strlen(name), flags);
991 /* Don't merge this yet, as it's likely to get a len parameter, and possibly
994 Perl_gv_fetchmethod_pvn_flags(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, const STRLEN len, U32 flags)
997 const char *nsplit = NULL;
1000 const char * const origname = name;
1001 SV *const error_report = MUTABLE_SV(stash);
1002 const U32 autoload = flags & GV_AUTOLOAD;
1003 const U32 do_croak = flags & GV_CROAK;
1004 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
1006 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHMETHOD_PVN_FLAGS;
1008 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV)
1011 /* The only way stash can become NULL later on is if nsplit is set,
1012 which in turn means that there is no need for a SVt_PVHV case
1013 the error reporting code. */
1016 for (nend = name; *nend || nend != (origname + len); nend++) {
1017 if (*nend == '\'') {
1021 else if (*nend == ':' && *(nend + 1) == ':') {
1027 if ((nsplit - origname) == 5 && memEQ(origname, "SUPER", 5)) {
1028 /* ->SUPER::method should really be looked up in original stash */
1029 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1031 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Treating %s as %s::%s\n",
1032 origname, HvENAME_get(stash), name) );
1034 else if ((nsplit - origname) >= 7 &&
1035 strnEQ(nsplit - 7, "::SUPER", 7)) {
1036 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::SUPER::method */
1037 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname - 7, is_utf8);
1038 if (stash) flags |= GV_SUPER;
1041 /* don't autovifify if ->NoSuchStash::method */
1042 stash = gv_stashpvn(origname, nsplit - origname, is_utf8);
1047 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1049 if (strEQ(name,"import") || strEQ(name,"unimport"))
1050 gv = MUTABLE_GV(&PL_sv_yes);
1052 gv = gv_autoload_pvn(
1053 ostash, name, nend - name, GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD|flags
1055 if (!gv && do_croak) {
1056 /* Right now this is exclusively for the benefit of S_method_common
1059 /* If we can't find an IO::File method, it might be a call on
1060 * a filehandle. If IO:File has not been loaded, try to
1061 * require it first instead of croaking */
1062 const char *stash_name = HvNAME_get(stash);
1063 if (stash_name && memEQs(stash_name, HvNAMELEN_get(stash), "IO::File")
1064 && !Perl_hv_common(aTHX_ GvHVn(PL_incgv), NULL,
1065 STR_WITH_LEN("IO/File.pm"), 0,
1066 HV_FETCH_ISEXISTS, NULL, 0)
1068 require_pv("IO/File.pm");
1069 gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, name, nend - name, 0, flags);
1074 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1075 "\" via package \"%"HEKf"\"",
1076 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1077 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1083 packnamesv = newSVpvn_flags(origname, nsplit - origname,
1084 SVs_TEMP | is_utf8);
1086 packnamesv = error_report;
1090 "Can't locate object method \"%"UTF8f
1091 "\" via package \"%"SVf"\""
1092 " (perhaps you forgot to load \"%"SVf"\"?)",
1093 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, nend - name, name),
1094 SVfARG(packnamesv), SVfARG(packnamesv));
1098 else if (autoload) {
1099 CV* const cv = GvCV(gv);
1100 if (!CvROOT(cv) && !CvXSUB(cv)) {
1104 if (CvANON(cv) || CvLEXICAL(cv))
1108 if (GvCV(stubgv) != cv) /* orphaned import */
1111 autogv = gv_autoload_pvn(GvSTASH(stubgv),
1112 GvNAME(stubgv), GvNAMELEN(stubgv),
1113 GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD
1114 | (GvNAMEUTF8(stubgv) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
1124 Perl_gv_autoload_sv(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV* namesv, U32 flags)
1128 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_SV;
1129 namepv = SvPV(namesv, namelen);
1132 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, namelen, flags);
1136 Perl_gv_autoload_pv(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *namepv, U32 flags)
1138 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PV;
1139 return gv_autoload_pvn(stash, namepv, strlen(namepv), flags);
1143 Perl_gv_autoload_pvn(pTHX_ HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len, U32 flags)
1150 SV *packname = NULL;
1151 U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0;
1153 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AUTOLOAD_PVN;
1155 if (len == S_autolen && memEQ(name, S_autoload, S_autolen))
1158 if (SvTYPE(stash) < SVt_PVHV) {
1159 STRLEN packname_len = 0;
1160 const char * const packname_ptr = SvPV_const(MUTABLE_SV(stash), packname_len);
1161 packname = newSVpvn_flags(packname_ptr, packname_len,
1162 SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(stash));
1166 packname = sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)));
1167 if (flags & GV_SUPER) sv_catpvs(packname, "::SUPER");
1169 if (!(gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, S_autoload, S_autolen, FALSE,
1170 is_utf8 | (flags & GV_SUPER))))
1174 if (!(CvROOT(cv) || CvXSUB(cv)))
1178 * Inheriting AUTOLOAD for non-methods works ... for now.
1181 !(flags & GV_AUTOLOAD_ISMETHOD)
1182 && (GvCVGEN(gv) || GvSTASH(gv) != stash)
1184 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
1185 "Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %"SVf
1186 "::%"UTF8f"() is deprecated",
1188 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1191 /* Instead of forcing the XSUB do another lookup for $AUTOLOAD
1192 * and split that value on the last '::', pass along the same data
1193 * via the SvPVX field in the CV, and the stash in CvSTASH.
1195 * Due to an unfortunate accident of history, the SvPVX field
1196 * serves two purposes. It is also used for the subroutine's pro-
1197 * type. Since SvPVX has been documented as returning the sub name
1198 * for a long time, but not as returning the prototype, we have
1199 * to preserve the SvPVX AUTOLOAD behaviour and put the prototype
1202 * We put the prototype in the same allocated buffer, but after
1203 * the sub name. The SvPOK flag indicates the presence of a proto-
1204 * type. The CvAUTOLOAD flag indicates the presence of a sub name.
1205 * If both flags are on, then SvLEN is used to indicate the end of
1206 * the prototype (artificially lower than what is actually allo-
1207 * cated), at the risk of having to reallocate a few bytes unneces-
1208 * sarily--but that should happen very rarely, if ever.
1210 * We use SvUTF8 for both prototypes and sub names, so if one is
1211 * UTF8, the other must be upgraded.
1213 CvSTASH_set(cv, stash);
1214 if (SvPOK(cv)) { /* Ouch! */
1215 SV * const tmpsv = newSVpvn_flags(name, len, is_utf8);
1217 const char *proto = CvPROTO(cv);
1220 sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(tmpsv, 0, CvPROTOLEN(cv) + 2);
1221 ulen = SvCUR(tmpsv);
1222 SvCUR(tmpsv)++; /* include null in string */
1224 tmpsv, proto, CvPROTOLEN(cv), SV_CATBYTES*!SvUTF8(cv)
1226 SvTEMP_on(tmpsv); /* Allow theft */
1227 sv_setsv_nomg((SV *)cv, tmpsv);
1229 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpsv);
1230 SvLEN(cv) = SvCUR(cv) + 1;
1234 sv_setpvn((SV *)cv, name, len);
1238 else SvUTF8_off(cv);
1244 * Given &FOO::AUTOLOAD, set $FOO::AUTOLOAD to desired function name.
1245 * The subroutine's original name may not be "AUTOLOAD", so we don't
1246 * use that, but for lack of anything better we will use the sub's
1247 * original package to look up $AUTOLOAD.
1249 varstash = CvNAMED(cv) ? CvSTASH(cv) : GvSTASH(CvGV(cv));
1250 vargv = *(GV**)hv_fetch(varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, TRUE);
1254 gv_init_pvn(vargv, varstash, S_autoload, S_autolen, 0);
1255 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
1256 GvSV(vargv) = newSV(0);
1260 varsv = GvSVn(vargv);
1261 SvTAINTED_off(varsv); /* previous $AUTOLOAD taint is obsolete */
1262 /* XXX: this process is not careful to avoid extra magic gets and sets; tied $AUTOLOAD will get noise */
1263 sv_setsv(varsv, packname);
1264 sv_catpvs(varsv, "::");
1265 /* Ensure SvSETMAGIC() is called if necessary. In particular, to clear
1266 tainting if $FOO::AUTOLOAD was previously tainted, but is not now. */
1269 SV_SMAGIC|(is_utf8 ? SV_CATUTF8 : SV_CATBYTES)
1277 /* require_tie_mod() internal routine for requiring a module
1278 * that implements the logic of automatic ties like %! and %-
1280 * The "gv" parameter should be the glob.
1281 * "varpv" holds the name of the var, used for error messages.
1282 * "namesv" holds the module name. Its refcount will be decremented.
1283 * "methpv" holds the method name to test for to check that things
1284 * are working reasonably close to as expected.
1285 * "flags": if flag & 1 then save the scalar before loading.
1286 * For the protection of $! to work (it is set by this routine)
1287 * the sv slot must already be magicalized.
1290 S_require_tie_mod(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *varpv, SV* namesv, const char *methpv,const U32 flags)
1292 HV* stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1294 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REQUIRE_TIE_MOD;
1296 if (!stash || !(gv_fetchmethod_autoload(stash, methpv, FALSE))) {
1297 SV *module = newSVsv(namesv);
1298 char varname = *varpv; /* varpv might be clobbered by load_module,
1299 so save it. For the moment it's always
1301 const char type = varname == '[' ? '$' : '%';
1309 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, module, NULL);
1310 assert(sp == PL_stack_sp);
1311 stash = gv_stashsv(namesv, 0);
1313 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" is not available",
1314 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv));
1315 else if (!gv_fetchmethod(stash, methpv))
1316 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: Can't use %c%c because %"SVf" does not support method %s",
1317 type, varname, SVfARG(namesv), methpv);
1320 else SvREFCNT_dec_NN(namesv);
1325 =for apidoc gv_stashpv
1327 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. Uses C<strlen> to
1328 determine the length of C<name>, then calls C<gv_stashpvn()>.
1334 Perl_gv_stashpv(pTHX_ const char *name, I32 create)
1336 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPV;
1337 return gv_stashpvn(name, strlen(name), create);
1341 =for apidoc gv_stashpvn
1343 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. The C<namelen>
1344 parameter indicates the length of the C<name>, in bytes. C<flags> is passed
1345 to C<gv_fetchpvn_flags()>, so if set to C<GV_ADD> then the package will be
1346 created if it does not already exist. If the package does not exist and
1347 C<flags> is 0 (or any other setting that does not create packages) then NULL
1350 Flags may be one of:
1359 The most important of which are probably GV_ADD and SVf_UTF8.
1361 Note, use of C<gv_stashsv> instead of C<gv_stashpvn> where possible is strongly
1362 recommended for performance reasons.
1368 gv_stashpvn_internal
1370 Perform the internal bits of gv_stashsvpvn_cached. You could think of this
1371 as being one half of the logic. Not to be called except from gv_stashsvpvn_cached().
1375 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1376 S_gv_stashpvn_internal(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1382 U32 tmplen = namelen + 2;
1384 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN_INTERNAL;
1386 if (tmplen <= sizeof smallbuf)
1389 Newx(tmpbuf, tmplen, char);
1390 Copy(name, tmpbuf, namelen, char);
1391 tmpbuf[namelen] = ':';
1392 tmpbuf[namelen+1] = ':';
1393 tmpgv = gv_fetchpvn_flags(tmpbuf, tmplen, flags, SVt_PVHV);
1394 if (tmpbuf != smallbuf)
1398 stash = GvHV(tmpgv);
1399 if (!(flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK) && !stash) return NULL;
1401 if (!HvNAME_get(stash)) {
1402 hv_name_set(stash, name, namelen, flags & SVf_UTF8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1404 /* FIXME: This is a repeat of logic in gv_fetchpvn_flags */
1405 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1406 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1407 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(tmpgv))->xhv_name_count)
1408 mro_package_moved(stash, NULL, tmpgv, 1);
1414 gv_stashsvpvn_cached
1416 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package, possibly
1417 cached. Implements both C<gv_stashpvn> and C<gc_stashsv>.
1419 Requires one of either namesv or namepv to be non-null.
1421 See C<gv_stashpvn> for details on "flags".
1423 Note the sv interface is strongly preferred for performance reasons.
1427 #define PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED \
1428 assert(namesv || name)
1430 PERL_STATIC_INLINE HV*
1431 S_gv_stashsvpvn_cached(pTHX_ SV *namesv, const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1436 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSVPVN_CACHED;
1438 he = (HE *)hv_common(
1439 PL_stashcache, namesv, name, namelen,
1440 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? HVhek_UTF8 : 0, 0, NULL, 0
1443 if (he) return INT2PTR(HV*,SvIVX(HeVAL(he)));
1444 else if (flags & GV_CACHE_ONLY) return NULL;
1447 if (SvOK(namesv)) { /* prevent double uninit warning */
1449 name = SvPV_const(namesv, len);
1451 flags |= SvUTF8(namesv);
1453 name = ""; namelen = 0;
1456 stash = gv_stashpvn_internal(name, namelen, flags);
1458 if (stash && namelen) {
1459 SV* const ref = newSViv(PTR2IV(stash));
1460 (void)hv_store(PL_stashcache, name,
1461 (flags & SVf_UTF8) ? -(I32)namelen : (I32)namelen, ref, 0);
1468 Perl_gv_stashpvn(pTHX_ const char *name, U32 namelen, I32 flags)
1470 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHPVN;
1471 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(NULL, name, namelen, flags);
1475 =for apidoc gv_stashsv
1477 Returns a pointer to the stash for a specified package. See C<gv_stashpvn>.
1479 Note this interface is strongly preferred over C<gv_stashpvn> for performance reasons.
1485 Perl_gv_stashsv(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 flags)
1487 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_STASHSV;
1488 return gv_stashsvpvn_cached(sv, NULL, 0, flags);
1493 Perl_gv_fetchpv(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, I32 add, const svtype sv_type) {
1494 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPV;
1495 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, strlen(nambeg), add, sv_type);
1499 Perl_gv_fetchsv(pTHX_ SV *name, I32 flags, const svtype sv_type) {
1501 const char * const nambeg =
1502 SvPV_flags_const(name, len, flags & GV_NO_SVGMAGIC ? 0 : SV_GMAGIC);
1503 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHSV;
1504 return gv_fetchpvn_flags(nambeg, len, flags | SvUTF8(name), sv_type);
1507 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
1508 S_gv_magicalize_isa(pTHX_ GV *gv)
1512 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE_ISA;
1516 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_isa,
1520 /* This function grabs name and tries to split a stash and glob
1521 * from its contents. TODO better description, comments
1523 * If the function returns TRUE and 'name == name_end', then
1524 * 'gv' can be directly returned to the caller of gv_fetchpvn_flags
1526 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1527 S_parse_gv_stash_name(pTHX_ HV **stash, GV **gv, const char **name,
1528 STRLEN *len, const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len,
1529 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add)
1531 const char *name_cursor;
1532 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
1533 const char *const name_em1 = name_end - 1;
1535 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PARSE_GV_STASH_NAME;
1537 if (full_len > 2 && **name == '*' && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(*name + 1, is_utf8)) {
1538 /* accidental stringify on a GV? */
1542 for (name_cursor = *name; name_cursor < name_end; name_cursor++) {
1543 if (name_cursor < name_em1 &&
1544 ((*name_cursor == ':' && name_cursor[1] == ':')
1545 || *name_cursor == '\''))
1548 *stash = PL_defstash;
1549 if (!*stash || !SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1552 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1553 if (name_cursor > nambeg) { /* Skip for initial :: or ' */
1556 if (*name_cursor == ':') {
1562 Newx(tmpbuf, *len+2, char);
1563 Copy(*name, tmpbuf, *len, char);
1564 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1565 tmpbuf[(*len)++] = ':';
1568 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash, key, is_utf8 ? -((I32)*len) : (I32)*len, add);
1569 *gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
1570 if (*gv && *gv != (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
1571 if (SvTYPE(*gv) != SVt_PVGV)
1572 gv_init_pvn(*gv, *stash, key, *len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
1578 if (!*gv || *gv == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef)
1581 if (!(*stash = GvHV(*gv))) {
1582 *stash = GvHV(*gv) = newHV();
1583 if (!HvNAME_get(*stash)) {
1584 if (GvSTASH(*gv) == PL_defstash && *len == 6
1585 && strnEQ(*name, "CORE", 4))
1586 hv_name_set(*stash, "CORE", 4, 0);
1589 *stash, nambeg, name_cursor-nambeg, is_utf8
1591 /* If the containing stash has multiple effective
1592 names, see that this one gets them, too. */
1593 if (HvAUX(GvSTASH(*gv))->xhv_name_count)
1594 mro_package_moved(*stash, NULL, *gv, 1);
1597 else if (!HvNAME_get(*stash))
1598 hv_name_set(*stash, nambeg, name_cursor - nambeg, is_utf8);
1601 if (*name_cursor == ':')
1603 *name = name_cursor+1;
1604 if (*name == name_end) {
1606 *gv = MUTABLE_GV(*hv_fetchs(PL_defstash, "main::", TRUE));
1611 *len = name_cursor - *name;
1615 /* Checks if an unqualified name is in the main stash */
1616 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1617 S_gv_is_in_main(pTHX_ const char *name, STRLEN len, const U32 is_utf8)
1619 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_IS_IN_MAIN;
1621 /* If it's an alphanumeric variable */
1622 if ( len && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) ) {
1623 /* Some "normal" variables are always in main::,
1624 * like INC or STDOUT.
1632 if ((name[0] == 'I' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'C')
1633 || (name[0] == 'E' && name[1] == 'N' && name[2] == 'V')
1634 || (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'I' && name[2] == 'G'))
1638 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1643 if (name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D'
1644 && name[3] == 'I' && name[4] == 'N')
1648 if ((name[0] == 'S' && name[1] == 'T' && name[2] == 'D')
1649 &&((name[3] == 'O' && name[4] == 'U' && name[5] == 'T')
1650 ||(name[3] == 'E' && name[4] == 'R' && name[5] == 'R')))
1654 if (name[0] == 'A' && name[1] == 'R' && name[2] == 'G'
1655 && name[3] == 'V' && name[4] == 'O' && name[5] == 'U'
1661 /* *{""}, or a special variable like $@ */
1669 /* This function is called if parse_gv_stash_name() failed to
1670 * find a stash, or if GV_NOTQUAL or an empty name was passed
1671 * to gv_fetchpvn_flags.
1673 * It returns FALSE if the default stash can't be found nor created,
1674 * which might happen during global destruction.
1676 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1677 S_find_default_stash(pTHX_ HV **stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1678 const U32 is_utf8, const I32 add,
1679 const svtype sv_type)
1681 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_DEFAULT_STASH;
1683 /* No stash in name, so see how we can default */
1685 if ( gv_is_in_main(name, len, is_utf8) ) {
1686 *stash = PL_defstash;
1689 if (IN_PERL_COMPILETIME) {
1690 *stash = PL_curstash;
1691 if (add && (PL_hints & HINT_STRICT_VARS) &&
1692 sv_type != SVt_PVCV &&
1693 sv_type != SVt_PVGV &&
1694 sv_type != SVt_PVFM &&
1695 sv_type != SVt_PVIO &&
1696 !(len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV &&
1697 (*name == 'a' || *name == 'b')) )
1699 GV**gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(*stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,0);
1700 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef ||
1701 SvTYPE(*gvp) != SVt_PVGV)
1705 else if ((sv_type == SVt_PV && !GvIMPORTED_SV(*gvp)) ||
1706 (sv_type == SVt_PVAV && !GvIMPORTED_AV(*gvp)) ||
1707 (sv_type == SVt_PVHV && !GvIMPORTED_HV(*gvp)) )
1709 /* diag_listed_as: Variable "%s" is not imported%s */
1711 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1712 "Variable \"%c%"UTF8f"\" is not imported",
1713 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? '@' :
1714 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? '%' : '$',
1715 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1718 aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
1719 "\t(Did you mean &%"UTF8f" instead?)\n",
1720 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name)
1727 /* Use the current op's stash */
1728 *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
1733 if (add && !PL_in_clean_all) {
1734 SV * const err = Perl_mess(aTHX_
1735 "Global symbol \"%s%"UTF8f
1736 "\" requires explicit package name",
1737 (sv_type == SVt_PV ? "$"
1738 : sv_type == SVt_PVAV ? "@"
1739 : sv_type == SVt_PVHV ? "%"
1740 : ""), UTF8fARG(is_utf8, len, name));
1745 /* To maintain the output of errors after the strict exception
1746 * above, and to keep compat with older releases, rather than
1747 * placing the variables in the pad, we place
1748 * them in the <none>:: stash.
1750 gv = gv_fetchpvs("<none>::", GV_ADDMULTI, SVt_PVHV);
1752 /* symbol table under destruction */
1761 if (!SvREFCNT(*stash)) /* symbol table under destruction */
1767 /* gv_magicalize() is called by gv_fetchpvn_flags when creating
1769 * Note that it does not insert the GV into the stash prior to
1770 * magicalization, which some variables require need in order
1771 * to work (like $[, %+, %-, %!), so callers must take care of
1774 * The return value has a specific meaning for gv_fetchpvn_flags:
1775 * If it returns true, and the gv is empty, it indicates that its
1776 * refcount should be decreased.
1778 PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
1779 S_gv_magicalize(pTHX_ GV *gv, HV *stash, const char *name, STRLEN len,
1780 bool addmg, const svtype sv_type)
1784 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_MAGICALIZE;
1786 if (stash != PL_defstash) { /* not the main stash */
1787 /* We only have to check for a few names here: a, b, EXPORT, ISA
1788 and VERSION. All the others apply only to the main stash or to
1789 CORE (which is checked right after this). */
1791 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1794 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1798 if (strEQ(name2, "SA"))
1799 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1802 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1807 if (len == 1 && sv_type == SVt_PV)
1816 if (len > 1 /* shortest is uc */ && HvNAMELEN_get(stash) == 4) {
1817 /* Avoid null warning: */
1818 const char * const stashname = HvNAME(stash); assert(stashname);
1819 if (strnEQ(stashname, "CORE", 4))
1820 S_maybe_add_coresub(aTHX_ 0, gv, name, len);
1827 /* Nothing else to do.
1828 The compiler will probably turn the switch statement into a
1829 branch table. Make sure we avoid even that small overhead for
1830 the common case of lower case variable names. (On EBCDIC
1831 platforms, we can't just do:
1832 if (NATIVE_TO_ASCII(*name) > NATIVE_TO_ASCII('V') ) {
1833 because cases like '\027' in the switch statement below are
1834 C1 (non-ASCII) controls on those platforms, so the remapping
1835 would make them larger than 'V')
1840 const char * const name2 = name + 1;
1843 if (strEQ(name2, "RGV")) {
1844 IoFLAGS(GvIOn(gv)) |= IOf_ARGV|IOf_START;
1846 else if (strEQ(name2, "RGVOUT")) {
1851 if (strnEQ(name2, "XPORT", 5))
1855 if (strEQ(name2, "SA")) {
1856 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
1860 if (strEQ(name2, "IG")) {
1863 if (!PL_psig_name) {
1864 Newxz(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1865 Newxz(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1866 PL_psig_ptr = PL_psig_name + SIG_SIZE;
1868 /* I think that the only way to get here is to re-use an
1869 embedded perl interpreter, where the previous
1870 use didn't clean up fully because
1871 PL_perl_destruct_level was 0. I'm not sure that we
1872 "support" that, in that I suspect in that scenario
1873 there are sufficient other garbage values left in the
1874 interpreter structure that something else will crash
1875 before we get here. I suspect that this is one of
1876 those "doctor, it hurts when I do this" bugs. */
1877 Zero(PL_psig_name, 2 * SIG_SIZE, SV*);
1878 Zero(PL_psig_pend, SIG_SIZE, int);
1882 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_sig);
1883 for (i = 1; i < SIG_SIZE; i++) {
1884 SV * const * const init = hv_fetch(hv, PL_sig_name[i], strlen(PL_sig_name[i]), 1);
1886 sv_setsv(*init, &PL_sv_undef);
1891 if (strEQ(name2, "ERSION"))
1894 case '\003': /* $^CHILD_ERROR_NATIVE */
1895 if (strEQ(name2, "HILD_ERROR_NATIVE"))
1898 case '\005': /* $^ENCODING */
1899 if (strEQ(name2, "NCODING"))
1902 case '\007': /* $^GLOBAL_PHASE */
1903 if (strEQ(name2, "LOBAL_PHASE"))
1906 case '\014': /* $^LAST_FH */
1907 if (strEQ(name2, "AST_FH"))
1910 case '\015': /* $^MATCH */
1911 if (strEQ(name2, "ATCH")) {
1912 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_FULLMATCH;
1916 case '\017': /* $^OPEN */
1917 if (strEQ(name2, "PEN"))
1920 case '\020': /* $^PREMATCH $^POSTMATCH */
1921 if (strEQ(name2, "REMATCH")) {
1922 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_PREMATCH;
1925 if (strEQ(name2, "OSTMATCH")) {
1926 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_CARET_POSTMATCH;
1930 case '\024': /* ${^TAINT} */
1931 if (strEQ(name2, "AINT"))
1934 case '\025': /* ${^UNICODE}, ${^UTF8LOCALE} */
1935 if (strEQ(name2, "NICODE"))
1937 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8LOCALE"))
1939 if (strEQ(name2, "TF8CACHE"))
1942 case '\027': /* $^WARNING_BITS */
1943 if (strEQ(name2, "ARNING_BITS"))
1956 /* Ensures that we have an all-digit variable, ${"1foo"} fails
1958 /* This snippet is taken from is_gv_magical */
1959 const char *end = name + len;
1960 while (--end > name) {
1964 paren = grok_atou(name, NULL);
1970 /* Names of length 1. (Or 0. But name is NUL terminated, so that will
1971 be case '\0' in this switch statement (ie a default case) */
1974 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_FULLMATCH;
1977 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_PREMATCH;
1980 paren = RX_BUFF_IDX_POSTMATCH;
1982 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
1984 sv_type == SVt_PVAV ||
1985 sv_type == SVt_PVHV ||
1986 sv_type == SVt_PVCV ||
1987 sv_type == SVt_PVFM ||
1989 )) { PL_sawampersand |=
1993 ? SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE
1994 : SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2007 paren = *name - '0';
2010 /* Flag the capture variables with a NULL mg_ptr
2011 Use mg_len for the array index to lookup. */
2012 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, NULL, paren);
2016 sv_setpv(GvSVn(gv),PL_chopset);
2020 #ifdef COMPLEX_STATUS
2021 SvUPGRADE(GvSVn(gv), SVt_PVLV);
2027 /* If %! has been used, automatically load Errno.pm. */
2029 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2031 /* magicalization must be done before require_tie_mod is called */
2032 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2034 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2041 GvMULTI_on(gv); /* no used once warnings here */
2043 AV* const av = GvAVn(gv);
2044 SV* const avc = (*name == '+') ? MUTABLE_SV(av) : NULL;
2046 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(av), avc, PERL_MAGIC_regdata, NULL, 0);
2047 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2049 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2052 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2054 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2062 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2063 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2064 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED, WARN_SYNTAX),
2065 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2067 case '\010': /* $^H */
2069 HV *const hv = GvHVn(gv);
2070 hv_magic(hv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_hints);
2074 if ((sv_type == SVt_PV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV)
2075 && FEATURE_ARYBASE_IS_ENABLED) {
2076 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2079 else goto magicalize;
2081 case '\023': /* $^S */
2083 SvREADONLY_on(GvSVn(gv));
2099 case '\001': /* $^A */
2100 case '\003': /* $^C */
2101 case '\004': /* $^D */
2102 case '\005': /* $^E */
2103 case '\006': /* $^F */
2104 case '\011': /* $^I, NOT \t in EBCDIC */
2105 case '\016': /* $^N */
2106 case '\017': /* $^O */
2107 case '\020': /* $^P */
2108 case '\024': /* $^T */
2109 case '\027': /* $^W */
2111 sv_magic(GvSVn(gv), MUTABLE_SV(gv), PERL_MAGIC_sv, name, len);
2114 case '\014': /* $^L */
2115 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\f");
2118 sv_setpvs(GvSVn(gv),"\034");
2122 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2123 if (!sv_derived_from(PL_patchlevel, "version"))
2124 upg_version(PL_patchlevel, TRUE);
2125 GvSV(gv) = vnumify(PL_patchlevel);
2126 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2130 case '\026': /* $^V */
2132 SV * const sv = GvSV(gv);
2133 GvSV(gv) = new_version(PL_patchlevel);
2134 SvREADONLY_on(GvSV(gv));
2140 if (sv_type == SVt_PV)
2148 /* This function is called when the stash already holds the GV of the magic
2149 * variable we're looking for, but we need to check that it has the correct
2150 * kind of magic. For example, if someone first uses $! and then %!, the
2151 * latter would end up here, and we add the Errno tie to the HASH slot of
2154 PERL_STATIC_INLINE void
2155 S_maybe_multimagic_gv(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, const svtype sv_type)
2157 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAYBE_MULTIMAGIC_GV;
2159 if (sv_type == SVt_PVHV || sv_type == SVt_PVGV) {
2161 require_tie_mod(gv, "!", newSVpvs("Errno"), "TIEHASH", 1);
2162 else if (*name == '-' || *name == '+')
2163 require_tie_mod(gv, name, newSVpvs("Tie::Hash::NamedCapture"), "TIEHASH", 0);
2164 } else if (sv_type == SVt_PV) {
2165 if (*name == '*' || *name == '#') {
2166 /* diag_listed_as: $* is no longer supported */
2167 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN2(WARN_DEPRECATED,
2169 "$%c is no longer supported", *name);
2172 if (sv_type==SVt_PV || sv_type==SVt_PVGV) {
2175 require_tie_mod(gv,name,newSVpvs("arybase"),"FETCH",0);
2177 #ifdef PERL_SAWAMPERSAND
2179 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_LEFT;
2183 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_MIDDLE;
2187 PL_sawampersand |= SAWAMPERSAND_RIGHT;
2196 Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(pTHX_ const char *nambeg, STRLEN full_len, I32 flags,
2197 const svtype sv_type)
2199 const char *name = nambeg;
2204 const I32 no_init = flags & (GV_NOADD_NOINIT | GV_NOINIT);
2205 const I32 no_expand = flags & GV_NOEXPAND;
2206 const I32 add = flags & ~GV_NOADD_MASK;
2207 const U32 is_utf8 = flags & SVf_UTF8;
2208 bool addmg = cBOOL(flags & GV_ADDMG);
2209 const char *const name_end = nambeg + full_len;
2212 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FETCHPVN_FLAGS;
2214 /* If we have GV_NOTQUAL, the caller promised that
2215 * there is no stash, so we can skip the check.
2216 * Similarly if full_len is 0, since then we're
2217 * dealing with something like *{""} or ""->foo()
2219 if ((flags & GV_NOTQUAL) || !full_len) {
2222 else if (parse_gv_stash_name(&stash, &gv, &name, &len, nambeg, full_len, is_utf8, add)) {
2223 if (name == name_end) return gv;
2229 if (!stash && !find_default_stash(&stash, name, len, is_utf8, add, sv_type)) {
2233 /* By this point we should have a stash and a name */
2234 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(stash,name,is_utf8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len,add);
2235 if (!gvp || *gvp == (const GV *)&PL_sv_undef) {
2236 if (addmg) gv = (GV *)newSV(0);
2239 else gv = *gvp, addmg = 0;
2240 /* From this point on, addmg means gv has not been inserted in the
2243 if (SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV) {
2244 /* The GV already exists, so return it, but check if we need to do
2245 * anything else with it before that.
2248 /* This is the heuristic that handles if a variable triggers the
2249 * 'used only once' warning. If there's already a GV in the stash
2250 * with this name, then we assume that the variable has been used
2251 * before and turn its MULTI flag on.
2252 * It's a heuristic because it can easily be "tricked", like with
2253 * BEGIN { $a = 1; $::{foo} = *a }; () = $foo
2254 * not warning about $main::foo being used just once
2257 gv_init_svtype(gv, sv_type);
2258 /* You reach this path once the typeglob has already been created,
2259 either by the same or a different sigil. If this path didn't
2260 exist, then (say) referencing $! first, and %! second would
2261 mean that %! was not handled correctly. */
2262 if (len == 1 && stash == PL_defstash) {
2263 maybe_multimagic_gv(gv, name, sv_type);
2265 else if (len == 3 && sv_type == SVt_PVAV
2266 && strnEQ(name, "ISA", 3)
2267 && (!GvAV(gv) || !SvSMAGICAL(GvAV(gv))))
2268 gv_magicalize_isa(gv);
2271 } else if (no_init) {
2275 /* If GV_NOEXPAND is true and what we got off the stash is a ref,
2276 * don't expand it to a glob. This is an optimization so that things
2277 * copying constants over, like Exporter, don't have to be rewritten
2278 * to take into account that you can store more than just globs in
2281 else if (no_expand && SvROK(gv)) {
2286 /* Adding a new symbol.
2287 Unless of course there was already something non-GV here, in which case
2288 we want to behave as if there was always a GV here, containing some sort
2290 Otherwise we run the risk of creating things like GvIO, which can cause
2291 subtle bugs. eg the one that tripped up SQL::Translator */
2293 faking_it = SvOK(gv);
2295 if (add & GV_ADDWARN)
2296 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2297 "Had to create %"UTF8f" unexpectedly",
2298 UTF8fARG(is_utf8, name_end-nambeg, nambeg));
2299 gv_init_pvn(gv, stash, name, len, (add & GV_ADDMULTI)|is_utf8);
2301 if ( isIDFIRST_lazy_if(name, is_utf8) && !ckWARN(WARN_ONCE) )
2304 /* First, store the gv in the symtab if we're adding magic,
2305 * but only for non-empty GVs
2307 #define GvEMPTY(gv) !(GvAV(gv) || GvHV(gv) || GvIO(gv) \
2308 || GvCV(gv) || (GvSV(gv) && SvOK(GvSV(gv))))
2310 if ( addmg && !GvEMPTY(gv) ) {
2311 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2314 /* set up magic where warranted */
2315 if ( gv_magicalize(gv, stash, name, len, addmg, sv_type) ) {
2318 if ( GvSV(gv) && SvMAGICAL(GvSV(gv)) ) {
2319 /* The GV was and still is "empty", except that now
2320 * it has the magic flags turned on, so we want it
2321 * stored in the symtab.
2323 (void)hv_store(stash,name,len,(SV *)gv,0);
2326 /* Most likely the temporary GV created above */
2327 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gv);
2333 if (gv) gv_init_svtype(gv, faking_it ? SVt_PVCV : sv_type);
2338 Perl_gv_fullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2341 const HV * const hv = GvSTASH(gv);
2343 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_FULLNAME4;
2345 sv_setpv(sv, prefix ? prefix : "");
2347 if (hv && (name = HvNAME(hv))) {
2348 const STRLEN len = HvNAMELEN(hv);
2349 if (keepmain || strnNE(name, "main", len)) {
2350 sv_catpvn_flags(sv,name,len,HvNAMEUTF8(hv)?SV_CATUTF8:SV_CATBYTES);
2354 else sv_catpvs(sv,"__ANON__::");
2355 sv_catsv(sv,sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv))));
2359 Perl_gv_efullname4(pTHX_ SV *sv, const GV *gv, const char *prefix, bool keepmain)
2361 const GV * const egv = GvEGVx(gv);
2363 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_EFULLNAME4;
2365 gv_fullname4(sv, egv ? egv : gv, prefix, keepmain);
2369 /* recursively scan a stash and any nested stashes looking for entries
2370 * that need the "only used once" warning raised
2374 Perl_gv_check(pTHX_ HV *stash)
2378 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_CHECK;
2380 if (!HvARRAY(stash))
2383 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2385 for (i = 0; i <= (I32) HvMAX(stash); i++) {
2387 /* mark stash is being scanned, to avoid recursing */
2388 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2389 for (entry = HvARRAY(stash)[i]; entry; entry = HeNEXT(entry)) {
2392 if (HeKEY(entry)[HeKLEN(entry)-1] == ':' &&
2393 (gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry))) && isGV(gv) && (hv = GvHV(gv)))
2395 if (hv != PL_defstash && hv != stash
2397 && (HvAUX(hv)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH))
2399 gv_check(hv); /* nested package */
2401 else if ( *HeKEY(entry) != '_'
2402 && isIDFIRST_lazy_if(HeKEY(entry), HeUTF8(entry)) ) {
2404 gv = MUTABLE_GV(HeVAL(entry));
2405 if (SvTYPE(gv) != SVt_PVGV || GvMULTI(gv))
2408 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, GvLINE(gv));
2410 CopFILE(PL_curcop) = (char *)file; /* set for warning */
2412 CopFILEGV(PL_curcop)
2413 = gv_fetchfile_flags(file, HEK_LEN(GvFILE_HEK(gv)), 0);
2415 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_ONCE),
2416 "Name \"%"HEKf"::%"HEKf
2417 "\" used only once: possible typo",
2418 HEKfARG(HvNAME_HEK(stash)),
2419 HEKfARG(GvNAME_HEK(gv)));
2422 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_SCAN_STASH;
2427 Perl_newGVgen_flags(pTHX_ const char *pack, U32 flags)
2429 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVGEN_FLAGS;
2430 assert(!(flags & ~SVf_UTF8));
2432 return gv_fetchpv(Perl_form(aTHX_ "%"UTF8f"::_GEN_%ld",
2433 UTF8fARG(flags, strlen(pack), pack),
2438 /* hopefully this is only called on local symbol table entries */
2441 Perl_gp_ref(pTHX_ GP *gp)
2448 /* If the GP they asked for a reference to contains
2449 a method cache entry, clear it first, so that we
2450 don't infect them with our cached entry */
2451 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(gp->gp_cv);
2460 Perl_gp_free(pTHX_ GV *gv)
2465 if (!gv || !isGV_with_GP(gv) || !(gp = GvGP(gv)))
2467 if (gp->gp_refcnt == 0) {
2468 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_INTERNAL),
2469 "Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers"
2470 pTHX__FORMAT pTHX__VALUE);
2473 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) {
2475 if (gp->gp_egv == gv)
2483 /* Copy and null out all the glob slots, so destructors do not see
2485 HEK * const file_hek = gp->gp_file_hek;
2486 SV * const sv = gp->gp_sv;
2487 AV * const av = gp->gp_av;
2488 HV * const hv = gp->gp_hv;
2489 IO * const io = gp->gp_io;
2490 CV * const cv = gp->gp_cv;
2491 CV * const form = gp->gp_form;
2493 gp->gp_file_hek = NULL;
2502 unshare_hek(file_hek);
2506 /* FIXME - another reference loop GV -> symtab -> GV ?
2507 Somehow gp->gp_hv can end up pointing at freed garbage. */
2508 if (hv && SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
2509 const HEK *hvname_hek = HvNAME_HEK(hv);
2510 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_ "gp_free clearing PL_stashcache for '%"HEKf"'\n", HEKfARG(hvname_hek)));
2511 if (PL_stashcache && hvname_hek)
2512 (void)hv_deletehek(PL_stashcache, hvname_hek, G_DISCARD);
2519 /* Possibly reallocated by a destructor */
2522 if (!gp->gp_file_hek
2528 && !gp->gp_form) break;
2530 if (--attempts == 0) {
2532 "panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer - "
2533 "something is repeatedly re-creating entries"
2538 /* Possibly incremented by a destructor doing glob assignment */
2539 if (gp->gp_refcnt > 1) goto borrowed;
2545 Perl_magic_freeovrld(pTHX_ SV *sv, MAGIC *mg)
2547 AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2548 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(sv);
2550 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MAGIC_FREEOVRLD;
2552 if (amtp && AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2554 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2555 CV * const cv = amtp->table[i];
2557 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
2558 amtp->table[i] = NULL;
2565 /* Updates and caches the CV's */
2567 * 1 on success and there is some overload
2568 * 0 if there is no overload
2569 * -1 if some error occurred and it couldn't croak
2573 Perl_Gv_AMupdate(pTHX_ HV *stash, bool destructing)
2575 MAGIC* const mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2577 const struct mro_meta* stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2580 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_AMUPDATE;
2582 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2584 const AMT * const amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2585 if (amtp->was_ok_sub == newgen) {
2586 return AMT_AMAGIC(amtp) ? 1 : 0;
2588 sv_unmagic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2591 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Recalcing overload magic in package %s\n",HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2594 amt.was_ok_sub = newgen;
2595 amt.fallback = AMGfallNO;
2601 bool deref_seen = 0;
2604 /* Work with "fallback" key, which we assume to be first in PL_AMG_names */
2606 /* Try to find via inheritance. */
2607 GV *gv = gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, PL_AMG_names[0], 2, -1, 0);
2608 SV * const sv = gv ? GvSV(gv) : NULL;
2613 if (!gv_fetchmeth_pvn(stash, "((", 2, -1, 0))
2616 #ifdef PERL_DONT_CREATE_GVSV
2618 NOOP; /* Equivalent to !SvTRUE and !SvOK */
2621 else if (SvTRUE(sv))
2622 /* don't need to set overloading here because fallback => 1
2623 * is the default setting for classes without overloading */
2624 amt.fallback=AMGfallYES;
2625 else if (SvOK(sv)) {
2626 amt.fallback=AMGfallNEVER;
2633 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2634 /* initially assume the worst */
2635 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags &= ~HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2637 for (i = 1; i < NofAMmeth; i++) {
2638 const char * const cooky = PL_AMG_names[i];
2639 /* Human-readable form, for debugging: */
2640 const char * const cp = AMG_id2name(i);
2641 const STRLEN l = PL_AMG_namelens[i];
2643 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Checking overloading of \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2644 cp, HvNAME_get(stash)) );
2645 /* don't fill the cache while looking up!
2646 Creation of inheritance stubs in intermediate packages may
2647 conflict with the logic of runtime method substitution.
2648 Indeed, for inheritance A -> B -> C, if C overloads "+0",
2649 then we could have created stubs for "(+0" in A and C too.
2650 But if B overloads "bool", we may want to use it for
2651 numifying instead of C's "+0". */
2652 gv = Perl_gv_fetchmeth_pvn(aTHX_ stash, cooky, l, -1, 0);
2654 if (gv && (cv = GvCV(gv)) && CvGV(cv)) {
2655 if(GvNAMELEN(CvGV(cv)) == 3 && strEQ(GvNAME(CvGV(cv)), "nil")){
2656 const char * const hvname = HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)));
2657 if (hvname && HEK_LEN(HvNAME_HEK(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv)))) == 8
2658 && strEQ(hvname, "overload")) {
2659 /* This is a hack to support autoloading..., while
2660 knowing *which* methods were declared as overloaded. */
2661 /* GvSV contains the name of the method. */
2663 SV *gvsv = GvSV(gv);
2665 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Resolving method \"%"SVf256\
2666 "\" for overloaded \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\"\n",
2667 (void*)GvSV(gv), cp, HvNAME(stash)) );
2668 if (!gvsv || !SvPOK(gvsv)
2669 || !(ngv = gv_fetchmethod_sv_flags(stash, gvsv, 0)))
2671 /* Can be an import stub (created by "can"). */
2676 const SV * const name = (gvsv && SvPOK(gvsv))
2678 : newSVpvs_flags("???", SVs_TEMP);
2679 /* diag_listed_as: Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" */
2680 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s method \"%"SVf256
2681 "\" overloading \"%s\" "\
2682 "in package \"%"HEKf256"\"",
2683 (GvCVGEN(gv) ? "Stub found while resolving"
2691 cv = GvCV(gv = ngv);
2694 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "Overloading \"%s\" in package \"%.256s\" via \"%.256s::%.256s\"\n",
2695 cp, HvNAME_get(stash), HvNAME_get(GvSTASH(CvGV(cv))),
2696 GvNAME(CvGV(cv))) );
2698 } else if (gv) { /* Autoloaded... */
2699 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
2702 amt.table[i]=MUTABLE_CV(SvREFCNT_inc_simple(cv));
2718 /* none of @{} etc overloaded; we can do $obj->[N] quicker.
2719 * NB - aux var invalid here, HvARRAY() could have been
2720 * reallocated since it was assigned to */
2721 HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags |= HvAUXf_NO_DEREF;
2724 AMT_AMAGIC_on(&amt);
2725 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2726 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMT));
2730 /* Here we have no table: */
2732 AMT_AMAGIC_off(&amt);
2733 sv_magic(MUTABLE_SV(stash), 0, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table,
2734 (char*)&amt, sizeof(AMTS));
2740 Perl_gv_handler(pTHX_ HV *stash, I32 id)
2745 struct mro_meta* stash_meta;
2747 if (!stash || !HvNAME_get(stash))
2750 stash_meta = HvMROMETA(stash);
2751 newgen = PL_sub_generation + stash_meta->pkg_gen + stash_meta->cache_gen;
2753 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2756 if (Gv_AMupdate(stash, 0) == -1)
2758 mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table);
2761 amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr;
2762 if ( amtp->was_ok_sub != newgen )
2764 if (AMT_AMAGIC(amtp)) {
2765 CV * const ret = amtp->table[id];
2766 if (ret && isGV(ret)) { /* Autoloading stab */
2767 /* Passing it through may have resulted in a warning
2768 "Inherited AUTOLOAD for a non-method deprecated", since
2769 our caller is going through a function call, not a method call.
2770 So return the CV for AUTOLOAD, setting $AUTOLOAD. */
2771 GV * const gv = gv_fetchmethod(stash, PL_AMG_names[id]);
2783 /* Implement tryAMAGICun_MG macro.
2784 Do get magic, then see if the stack arg is overloaded and if so call it.
2786 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2788 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2792 Perl_try_amagic_un(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2795 SV* const arg = TOPs;
2799 if (SvAMAGIC(arg) && (tmpsv = amagic_call(arg, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2800 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2801 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2806 if (SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2807 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2817 if ((flags & AMGf_numeric) && SvROK(arg))
2823 /* Implement tryAMAGICbin_MG macro.
2824 Do get magic, then see if the two stack args are overloaded and if so
2827 AMGf_set return the arg using SETs rather than assigning to
2829 AMGf_assign op may be called as mutator (eg +=)
2830 AMGf_numeric apply sv_2num to the stack arg.
2834 Perl_try_amagic_bin(pTHX_ int method, int flags) {
2836 SV* const left = TOPm1s;
2837 SV* const right = TOPs;
2843 if (SvAMAGIC(left) || SvAMAGIC(right)) {
2844 SV * const tmpsv = amagic_call(left, right, method,
2845 ((flags & AMGf_assign) && opASSIGN ? AMGf_assign: 0));
2847 if (flags & AMGf_set) {
2854 if (opASSIGN || SvPADMY(TARG)) {
2855 sv_setsv(TARG, tmpsv);
2865 if(left==right && SvGMAGICAL(left)) {
2866 SV * const left = sv_newmortal();
2868 /* Print the uninitialized warning now, so it includes the vari-
2871 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED)) report_uninit(right);
2872 sv_setsv_flags(left, &PL_sv_no, 0);
2874 else sv_setsv_flags(left, right, 0);
2877 if (flags & AMGf_numeric) {
2879 *(sp-1) = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
2881 *sp = sv_2num(right);
2887 Perl_amagic_deref_call(pTHX_ SV *ref, int method) {
2891 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_DEREF_CALL;
2895 /* return quickly if none of the deref ops are overloaded */
2896 stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(ref));
2897 assert(SvOOK(stash));
2898 if (HvAUX(stash)->xhv_aux_flags & HvAUXf_NO_DEREF)
2901 while ((tmpsv = amagic_call(ref, &PL_sv_undef, method,
2902 AMGf_noright | AMGf_unary))) {
2904 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Overloaded dereference did not return a reference");
2905 if (tmpsv == ref || SvRV(tmpsv) == SvRV(ref)) {
2906 /* Bail out if it returns us the same reference. */
2913 return tmpsv ? tmpsv : ref;
2917 Perl_amagic_is_enabled(pTHX_ int method)
2919 SV *lex_mask = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(PL_curcop, "overloading", 0);
2921 assert(PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC);
2923 if ( !lex_mask || !SvOK(lex_mask) )
2924 /* overloading lexically disabled */
2926 else if ( lex_mask && SvPOK(lex_mask) ) {
2927 /* we have an entry in the hints hash, check if method has been
2928 * masked by overloading.pm */
2930 const int offset = method / 8;
2931 const int bit = method % 8;
2932 char *pv = SvPV(lex_mask, len);
2934 /* Bit set, so this overloading operator is disabled */
2935 if ( (STRLEN)offset < len && pv[offset] & ( 1 << bit ) )
2942 Perl_amagic_call(pTHX_ SV *left, SV *right, int method, int flags)
2947 CV **cvp=NULL, **ocvp=NULL;
2948 AMT *amtp=NULL, *oamtp=NULL;
2949 int off = 0, off1, lr = 0, notfound = 0;
2950 int postpr = 0, force_cpy = 0;
2951 int assign = AMGf_assign & flags;
2952 const int assignshift = assign ? 1 : 0;
2953 int use_default_op = 0;
2954 int force_scalar = 0;
2960 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_AMAGIC_CALL;
2962 if ( PL_curcop->cop_hints & HINT_NO_AMAGIC ) {
2963 if (!amagic_is_enabled(method)) return NULL;
2966 if (!(AMGf_noleft & flags) && SvAMAGIC(left)
2967 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(left))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
2968 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
2969 && (ocvp = cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
2970 ? (oamtp = amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
2972 && ((cv = cvp[off=method+assignshift])
2973 || (assign && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && /* fallback to
2979 cv = cvp[off=method])))) {
2980 lr = -1; /* Call method for left argument */
2982 if (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER && flags & AMGf_unary) {
2985 /* look for substituted methods */
2986 /* In all the covered cases we should be called with assign==0. */
2990 if ((cv = cvp[off=add_ass_amg])
2991 || ((cv = cvp[off = add_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr = 1))) {
2992 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
2997 if ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_ass_amg])
2998 || ((cv = cvp[off = subtr_amg]) && (force_cpy = 0, postpr=1))) {
2999 right = &PL_sv_yes; lr = -1; assign = 1;
3003 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3006 (void)((cv = cvp[off=string_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3009 (void)((cv = cvp[off=numer_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=bool__amg]));
3012 (void)((cv = cvp[off=bool__amg])
3013 || (cv = cvp[off=numer_amg])
3014 || (cv = cvp[off=string_amg]));
3021 * SV* ref causes confusion with the interpreter variable of
3024 SV* const tmpRef=SvRV(left);
3025 if (!SvROK(tmpRef) && SvTYPE(tmpRef) <= SVt_PVMG) {
3027 * Just to be extra cautious. Maybe in some
3028 * additional cases sv_setsv is safe, too.
3030 SV* const newref = newSVsv(tmpRef);
3031 SvOBJECT_on(newref);
3032 /* No need to do SvAMAGIC_on here, as SvAMAGIC macros
3033 delegate to the stash. */
3034 SvSTASH_set(newref, MUTABLE_HV(SvREFCNT_inc(SvSTASH(tmpRef))));
3040 if ((cvp[off1=lt_amg] || cvp[off1=ncmp_amg])
3041 && ((cv = cvp[off=neg_amg]) || (cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg]))) {
3042 SV* const nullsv=sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3044 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3045 lt_amg,AMGf_noright);
3046 logic = SvTRUE(lessp);
3048 SV* const lessp = amagic_call(left,nullsv,
3049 ncmp_amg,AMGf_noright);
3050 logic = (SvNV(lessp) < 0);
3053 if (off==subtr_amg) {
3064 if ((cv = cvp[off=subtr_amg])) {
3066 left = sv_2mortal(newSViv(0));
3071 case iter_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3072 case ftest_amg: /* XXXX Eventually should do to_gv. */
3075 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3083 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3088 if (!cv) goto not_found;
3089 } else if (!(AMGf_noright & flags) && SvAMAGIC(right)
3090 && (stash = SvSTASH(SvRV(right))) && Gv_AMG(stash)
3091 && (mg = mg_find((const SV *)stash, PERL_MAGIC_overload_table))
3092 && (cvp = (AMT_AMAGIC((AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)
3093 ? (amtp = (AMT*)mg->mg_ptr)->table
3095 && (cv = cvp[off=method])) { /* Method for right
3098 } else if (((cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)
3099 || (ocvp && oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER))
3100 && !(flags & AMGf_unary)) {
3101 /* We look for substitution for
3102 * comparison operations and
3104 if (method==concat_amg || method==concat_ass_amg
3105 || method==repeat_amg || method==repeat_ass_amg) {
3106 return NULL; /* Delegate operation to string conversion */
3128 if (ocvp && (oamtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3132 if (!cv && (cvp && amtp->fallback > AMGfallNEVER)) {
3142 not_found: /* No method found, either report or croak */
3150 return left; /* Delegate operation to standard mechanisms. */
3152 if (ocvp && (cv=ocvp[nomethod_amg])) { /* Call report method */
3153 notfound = 1; lr = -1;
3154 } else if (cvp && (cv=cvp[nomethod_amg])) {
3155 notfound = 1; lr = 1;
3156 } else if ((use_default_op =
3157 (!ocvp || oamtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES)
3158 && (!cvp || amtp->fallback >= AMGfallYES))
3160 /* Skip generating the "no method found" message. */
3164 if (off==-1) off=method;
3165 msg = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
3166 "Operation \"%s\": no method found,%sargument %s%"SVf"%s%"SVf,
3167 AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3168 (flags & AMGf_unary ? " " : "\n\tleft "),
3170 "in overloaded package ":
3171 "has no overloaded magic",
3173 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(left)))))):
3176 ",\n\tright argument in overloaded package ":
3179 : ",\n\tright argument has no overloaded magic"),
3181 SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(SvSTASH(SvRV(right)))))):
3182 SVfARG(&PL_sv_no)));
3183 if (use_default_op) {
3184 DEBUG_o( Perl_deb(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg)) );
3186 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%"SVf, SVfARG(msg));
3190 force_cpy = force_cpy || assign;
3195 /* in these cases, we're calling '+' or '-' as a fallback for a ++ or --
3196 * operation. we need this to return a value, so that it can be assigned
3197 * later on, in the postpr block (case inc_amg/dec_amg), even if the
3198 * increment or decrement was itself called in void context */
3204 if (off == subtr_amg)
3207 /* in these cases, we're calling an assignment variant of an operator
3208 * (+= rather than +, for instance). regardless of whether it's a
3209 * fallback or not, it always has to return a value, which will be
3210 * assigned to the proper variable later */
3227 /* the copy constructor always needs to return a value */
3231 /* because of the way these are implemented (they don't perform the
3232 * dereferencing themselves, they return a reference that perl then
3233 * dereferences later), they always have to be in scalar context */
3241 /* these don't have an op of their own; they're triggered by their parent
3242 * op, so the context there isn't meaningful ('$a and foo()' in void
3243 * context still needs to pass scalar context on to $a's bool overload) */
3253 DEBUG_o(Perl_deb(aTHX_
3254 "Overloaded operator \"%s\"%s%s%s:\n\tmethod%s found%s in package %"SVf"%s\n",
3256 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3258 method+assignshift==off? "" :
3259 AMG_id2name(method+assignshift),
3260 method+assignshift==off? "" : "\")",
3261 flags & AMGf_unary? "" :
3262 lr==1 ? " for right argument": " for left argument",
3263 flags & AMGf_unary? " for argument" : "",
3264 stash ? SVfARG(sv_2mortal(newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)))) : SVfARG(newSVpvs_flags("null", SVs_TEMP)),
3265 fl? ",\n\tassignment variant used": "") );
3268 /* Since we use shallow copy during assignment, we need
3269 * to dublicate the contents, probably calling user-supplied
3270 * version of copy operator
3272 /* We need to copy in following cases:
3273 * a) Assignment form was called.
3274 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 == off
3275 * b) Increment or decrement, called directly.
3276 * assignshift==0, assign==0, method + 0 == off
3277 * c) Increment or decrement, translated to assignment add/subtr.
3278 * assignshift==0, assign==T,
3280 * d) Increment or decrement, translated to nomethod.
3281 * assignshift==0, assign==0,
3283 * e) Assignment form translated to nomethod.
3284 * assignshift==1, assign==T, method + 1 != off
3287 /* off is method, method+assignshift, or a result of opcode substitution.
3288 * In the latter case assignshift==0, so only notfound case is important.
3290 if ( (lr == -1) && ( ( (method + assignshift == off)
3291 && (assign || (method == inc_amg) || (method == dec_amg)))
3294 /* newSVsv does not behave as advertised, so we copy missing
3295 * information by hand */
3296 SV *tmpRef = SvRV(left);
3298 if (SvREFCNT(tmpRef) > 1 && (rv_copy = AMG_CALLunary(left,copy_amg))) {
3299 SvRV_set(left, rv_copy);
3301 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(tmpRef);
3309 const bool oldcatch = CATCH_GET;
3311 int gimme = force_scalar ? G_SCALAR : GIMME_V;
3314 Zero(&myop, 1, BINOP);
3315 myop.op_last = (OP *) &myop;
3316 myop.op_next = NULL;
3317 myop.op_flags = OPf_STACKED;
3321 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_VOID;
3324 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3325 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_LIST;
3330 myop.op_flags |= OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
3334 PUSHSTACKi(PERLSI_OVERLOAD);
3337 PL_op = (OP *) &myop;
3338 if (PERLDB_SUB && PL_curstash != PL_debstash)
3339 PL_op->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_DB;
3340 Perl_pp_pushmark(aTHX);
3342 EXTEND(SP, notfound + 5);
3343 PUSHs(lr>0? right: left);
3344 PUSHs(lr>0? left: right);
3345 PUSHs( lr > 0 ? &PL_sv_yes : ( assign ? &PL_sv_undef : &PL_sv_no ));
3347 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(AMG_id2name(method + assignshift),
3348 AMG_id2namelen(method + assignshift), SVs_TEMP));
3350 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
3354 if ((PL_op = PL_ppaddr[OP_ENTERSUB](aTHX)))
3358 nret = SP - (PL_stack_base + oldmark);
3362 /* returning NULL has another meaning, and we check the context
3363 * at the call site too, so this can be differentiated from the
3366 SP = PL_stack_base + oldmark;
3369 if (flags & AMGf_want_list) {
3370 res = sv_2mortal((SV *)newAV());
3371 av_extend((AV *)res, nret);
3373 av_store((AV *)res, nret, POPs);
3385 CATCH_SET(oldcatch);
3392 ans=SvIV(res)<=0; break;
3395 ans=SvIV(res)<0; break;
3398 ans=SvIV(res)>=0; break;
3401 ans=SvIV(res)>0; break;
3404 ans=SvIV(res)==0; break;
3407 ans=SvIV(res)!=0; break;
3410 SvSetSV(left,res); return left;
3412 ans=!SvTRUE(res); break;
3417 } else if (method==copy_amg) {
3419 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Copy method did not return a reference");
3421 return SvREFCNT_inc(SvRV(res));
3429 Perl_gv_name_set(pTHX_ GV *gv, const char *name, U32 len, U32 flags)
3434 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_NAME_SET;
3437 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: gv name too long (%"UVuf")", (UV) len);
3439 if (!(flags & GV_ADD) && GvNAME_HEK(gv)) {
3440 unshare_hek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
3443 PERL_HASH(hash, name, len);
3444 GvNAME_HEK(gv) = share_hek(name, (flags & SVf_UTF8 ? -(I32)len : (I32)len), hash);
3448 =for apidoc gv_try_downgrade
3450 If the typeglob C<gv> can be expressed more succinctly, by having
3451 something other than a real GV in its place in the stash, replace it
3452 with the optimised form. Basic requirements for this are that C<gv>
3453 is a real typeglob, is sufficiently ordinary, and is only referenced
3454 from its package. This function is meant to be used when a GV has been
3455 looked up in part to see what was there, causing upgrading, but based
3456 on what was found it turns out that the real GV isn't required after all.
3458 If C<gv> is a completely empty typeglob, it is deleted from the stash.
3460 If C<gv> is a typeglob containing only a sufficiently-ordinary constant
3461 sub, the typeglob is replaced with a scalar-reference placeholder that
3462 more compactly represents the same thing.
3468 Perl_gv_try_downgrade(pTHX_ GV *gv)
3474 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_TRY_DOWNGRADE;
3476 /* XXX Why and where does this leave dangling pointers during global
3478 if (PL_phase == PERL_PHASE_DESTRUCT) return;
3480 if (!(SvREFCNT(gv) == 1 && SvTYPE(gv) == SVt_PVGV && !SvFAKE(gv) &&
3481 !SvOBJECT(gv) && !SvREADONLY(gv) &&
3482 isGV_with_GP(gv) && GvGP(gv) &&
3483 !GvINTRO(gv) && GvREFCNT(gv) == 1 &&
3484 !GvSV(gv) && !GvAV(gv) && !GvHV(gv) && !GvIOp(gv) && !GvFORM(gv) &&
3485 GvEGVx(gv) == gv && (stash = GvSTASH(gv))))
3487 if (gv == PL_statgv || gv == PL_last_in_gv || gv == PL_stderrgv)
3489 if (SvMAGICAL(gv)) {
3491 /* only backref magic is allowed */
3492 if (SvGMAGICAL(gv) || SvSMAGICAL(gv))
3494 for (mg = SvMAGIC(gv); mg; mg = mg->mg_moremagic) {
3495 if (mg->mg_type != PERL_MAGIC_backref)
3501 HEK *gvnhek = GvNAME_HEK(gv);
3502 (void)hv_deletehek(stash, gvnhek, G_DISCARD);
3503 } else if (GvMULTI(gv) && cv && SvREFCNT(cv) == 1 &&
3504 !SvOBJECT(cv) && !SvMAGICAL(cv) && !SvREADONLY(cv) &&
3505 CvSTASH(cv) == stash && CvGV(cv) == gv &&
3506 CvCONST(cv) && !CvMETHOD(cv) && !CvLVALUE(cv) && !CvUNIQUE(cv) &&
3507 !CvNODEBUG(cv) && !CvCLONE(cv) && !CvCLONED(cv) && !CvANON(cv) &&
3508 (namehek = GvNAME_HEK(gv)) &&
3509 (gvp = hv_fetchhek(stash, namehek, 0)) &&
3511 SV *value = SvREFCNT_inc(CvXSUBANY(cv).any_ptr);
3512 const bool imported = !!GvIMPORTED_CV(gv);
3516 SvFLAGS(gv) = SVt_IV|SVf_ROK|SVprv_PCS_IMPORTED * imported;
3517 SvANY(gv) = (XPVGV*)((char*)&(gv->sv_u.svu_iv) -
3518 STRUCT_OFFSET(XPVIV, xiv_iv));
3519 SvRV_set(gv, value);
3524 Perl_gv_override(pTHX_ const char * const name, const STRLEN len)
3526 GV *gv = gv_fetchpvn(name, len, GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
3528 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_OVERRIDE;
3529 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) return gv;
3530 gvp = (GV**)hv_fetch(PL_globalstash, name, len, FALSE);
3531 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
3532 if (gv && !isGV(gv)) {
3533 if (!SvPCS_IMPORTED(gv)) return NULL;
3534 gv_init(gv, PL_globalstash, name, len, 0);
3537 return gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv) ? gv : NULL;
3543 core_xsub(pTHX_ CV* cv)
3546 "&CORE::%s cannot be called directly", GvNAME(CvGV(cv))
3552 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3554 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
3557 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et: