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[perl #117941] Blessing into freed current stash
[perl5.git] / pp.c
CommitLineData
a0d0e21e 1/* pp.c
79072805 2 *
1129b882
NC		 3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
79072805 5 *
a0d0e21e
LW		 6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
79072805 8 *
a0d0e21e
LW		 9 */
10
11/*
4ac71550
TC		 12 * 'It's a big house this, and very peculiar. Always a bit more
13 * to discover, and no knowing what you'll find round a corner.
14 * And Elves, sir!' --Samwise Gamgee
15 *
16 * [p.225 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
a0d0e21e 17 */
79072805 18
166f8a29
DM		 19/* This file contains general pp ("push/pop") functions that execute the
20 * opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function expects to
21 * find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its results onto
22 * the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure contains
23 * a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
24 */
25
79072805 26#include "EXTERN.h"
864dbfa3 27#define PERL_IN_PP_C
79072805 28#include "perl.h"
77bc9082 29#include "keywords.h"
79072805 30
a4af207c 31#include "reentr.h"
685289b5 32#include "regcharclass.h"
a4af207c 33
dfe9444c
AD		 34/* XXX I can't imagine anyone who doesn't have this actually _needs_
35 it, since pid_t is an integral type.
36 --AD 2/20/1998
37*/
38#ifdef NEED_GETPID_PROTO
39extern Pid_t getpid (void);
8ac85365
NIS		 40#endif
41
0630166f
SP		 42/*
43 * Some BSDs and Cygwin default to POSIX math instead of IEEE.
44 * This switches them over to IEEE.
45 */
46#if defined(LIBM_LIB_VERSION)
47 _LIB_VERSION_TYPE _LIB_VERSION = _IEEE_;
48#endif
49
a78bc3c6
KW		 50static const STRLEN small_mu_len = sizeof(GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_MU_UTF8) - 1;
51static const STRLEN capital_iota_len = sizeof(GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_IOTA_UTF8) - 1;
52
13017935
SM		 53/* variations on pp_null */
54
93a17b20
LW		 55PP(pp_stub)
56{
97aff369 57 dVAR;
39644a26 58 dSP;
54310121 59 if (GIMME_V == G_SCALAR)
3280af22 60 XPUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
93a17b20
LW		 61 RETURN;
62}
63
79072805
LW		 64/* Pushy stuff. */
65
93a17b20
LW		 66PP(pp_padav)
67{
97aff369 68 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
13017935 69 I32 gimme;
e190e9b4 70 assert(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVAV);
533c011a 71 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
a5911867
RGS		 72 if (!(PL_op->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE))
73 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ));
85e6fe83 74 EXTEND(SP, 1);
533c011a 75 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
85e6fe83 76 PUSHs(TARG);
93a17b20 77 RETURN;
40c94d11
FC		 78 } else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_LVSUB) {
79 const I32 flags = is_lvalue_sub();
80 if (flags && !(flags & OPpENTERSUB_INARGS)) {
78f9721b 81 if (GIMME == G_SCALAR)
a84828f3 82 /* diag_listed_as: Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context */
78f9721b
SM		 83 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't return array to lvalue scalar context");
84 PUSHs(TARG);
85 RETURN;
40c94d11 86 }
85e6fe83 87 }
13017935
SM		 88 gimme = GIMME_V;
89 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
d5524600 90 /* XXX see also S_pushav in pp_hot.c */
502c6561 91 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(MUTABLE_AV(TARG)) + 1;
85e6fe83 92 EXTEND(SP, maxarg);
93965878
NIS		 93 if (SvMAGICAL(TARG)) {
94 U32 i;
eb160463 95 for (i=0; i < (U32)maxarg; i++) {
502c6561 96 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(MUTABLE_AV(TARG), i, FALSE);
3280af22 97 SP[i+1] = (svp) ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
93965878
NIS		 98 }
99 }
100 else {
502c6561 101 Copy(AvARRAY((const AV *)TARG), SP+1, maxarg, SV*);
93965878 102 }
85e6fe83
LW		 103 SP += maxarg;
104 }
13017935 105 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1b6737cc 106 SV* const sv = sv_newmortal();
502c6561 107 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(MUTABLE_AV(TARG)) + 1;
85e6fe83
LW		 108 sv_setiv(sv, maxarg);
109 PUSHs(sv);
110 }
111 RETURN;
93a17b20
LW		 112}
113
114PP(pp_padhv)
115{
97aff369 116 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
54310121 117 I32 gimme;
118
e190e9b4 119 assert(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVHV);
93a17b20 120 XPUSHs(TARG);
533c011a 121 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
a5911867
RGS		 122 if (!(PL_op->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE))
123 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ));
533c011a 124 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF)
93a17b20 125 RETURN;
40c94d11
FC		 126 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_LVSUB) {
127 const I32 flags = is_lvalue_sub();
128 if (flags && !(flags & OPpENTERSUB_INARGS)) {
78f9721b 129 if (GIMME == G_SCALAR)
a84828f3 130 /* diag_listed_as: Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context */
78f9721b
SM		 131 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't return hash to lvalue scalar context");
132 RETURN;
40c94d11 133 }
78f9721b 134 }
54310121 135 gimme = GIMME_V;
136 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
981b7185 137 RETURNOP(Perl_do_kv(aTHX));
85e6fe83 138 }
c8fe3bdf 139 else if ((PL_op->op_private & OPpTRUEBOOL
adc42c31 140 || ( PL_op->op_private & OPpMAYBE_TRUEBOOL
c8fe3bdf
FC		 141 && block_gimme() == G_VOID ))
142 && (!SvRMAGICAL(TARG) || !mg_find(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_tied)))
143 SETs(HvUSEDKEYS(TARG) ? &PL_sv_yes : sv_2mortal(newSViv(0)));
54310121 144 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
85fbaab2 145 SV* const sv = Perl_hv_scalar(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(TARG));
85e6fe83 146 SETs(sv);
85e6fe83 147 }
54310121 148 RETURN;
93a17b20
LW		 149}
150
ac217057
FC		 151PP(pp_padcv)
152{
97b03d64
FC		 153 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
154 assert(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVCV);
155 XPUSHs(TARG);
156 RETURN;
ac217057
FC		 157}
158
ecf9c8b7
FC		 159PP(pp_introcv)
160{
6d5c2147
FC		 161 dVAR; dTARGET;
162 SvPADSTALE_off(TARG);
163 return NORMAL;
ecf9c8b7
FC		 164}
165
13f89586
FC		 166PP(pp_clonecv)
167{
6d5c2147 168 dVAR; dTARGET;
81df9f6f 169 MAGIC * const mg =
62698e04
FC		 170 mg_find(PadlistNAMESARRAY(CvPADLIST(find_runcv(NULL)))[ARGTARG],
171 PERL_MAGIC_proto);
6d5c2147
FC		 172 assert(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVCV);
173 assert(mg);
174 assert(mg->mg_obj);
175 if (CvISXSUB(mg->mg_obj)) { /* constant */
176 /* XXX Should we clone it here? */
6d5c2147
FC		 177 /* If this changes to use SAVECLEARSV, we can move the SAVECLEARSV
178 to introcv and remove the SvPADSTALE_off. */
179 SAVEPADSVANDMORTALIZE(ARGTARG);
4ded55f3 180 PAD_SVl(ARGTARG) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(mg->mg_obj);
6d5c2147
FC		 181 }
182 else {
183 if (CvROOT(mg->mg_obj)) {
184 assert(CvCLONE(mg->mg_obj));
185 assert(!CvCLONED(mg->mg_obj));
186 }
187 cv_clone_into((CV *)mg->mg_obj,(CV *)TARG);
188 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(ARGTARG));
189 }
190 return NORMAL;
13f89586
FC		 191}
192
79072805
LW		 193/* Translations. */
194
4bdf8368 195static const char S_no_symref_sv[] =
def89bff
NC		 196 "Can't use string (\"%" SVf32 "\"%s) as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use";
197
6f7909da
FC		 198/* In some cases this function inspects PL_op. If this function is called
199 for new op types, more bool parameters may need to be added in place of
200 the checks.
201
202 When noinit is true, the absence of a gv will cause a retval of undef.
203 This is unrelated to the cv-to-gv assignment case.
6f7909da
FC		 204*/
205
206static SV *
207S_rv2gv(pTHX_ SV *sv, const bool vivify_sv, const bool strict,
208 const bool noinit)
209{
14f0f125 210 dVAR;
f64c9ac5 211 if (!isGV(sv) || SvFAKE(sv)) SvGETMAGIC(sv);
ed6116ce 212 if (SvROK(sv)) {
93d7320b
DM		 213 if (SvAMAGIC(sv)) {
214 sv = amagic_deref_call(sv, to_gv_amg);
93d7320b 215 }
e4a1664f 216 wasref:
ed6116ce 217 sv = SvRV(sv);
b1dadf13 218 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO) {
159b6efe 219 GV * const gv = MUTABLE_GV(sv_newmortal());
885f468a 220 gv_init(gv, 0, "__ANONIO__", 10, 0);
a45c7426 221 GvIOp(gv) = MUTABLE_IO(sv);
b37c2d43 222 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
ad64d0ec 223 sv = MUTABLE_SV(gv);
ef54e1a4 224 }
6e592b3a 225 else if (!isGV_with_GP(sv))
6f7909da 226 return (SV *)Perl_die(aTHX_ "Not a GLOB reference");
79072805
LW		 227 }
228 else {
6e592b3a 229 if (!isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
f132ae69 230 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
b13b2135 231 /* If this is a 'my' scalar and flag is set then vivify
853846ea 232 * NI-S 1999/05/07
b13b2135 233 */
f132ae69 234 if (vivify_sv && sv != &PL_sv_undef) {
2c8ac474 235 GV *gv;
ce74145d 236 if (SvREADONLY(sv))
cb077ed2 237 Perl_croak_no_modify();
2c8ac474 238 if (cUNOP->op_targ) {
0bd48802 239 SV * const namesv = PAD_SV(cUNOP->op_targ);
94e7eb6f
FC		 240 HV *stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
241 if (SvTYPE(stash) != SVt_PVHV) stash = NULL;
159b6efe 242 gv = MUTABLE_GV(newSV(0));
94e7eb6f 243 gv_init_sv(gv, stash, namesv, 0);
2c8ac474
GS		 244 }
245 else {
0bd48802 246 const char * const name = CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop);
6b10071b 247 gv = newGVgen_flags(name,
d14578b8 248 HvNAMEUTF8(CopSTASH(PL_curcop)) ? SVf_UTF8 : 0 );
1d8d4d2a 249 }
43230e26 250 prepare_SV_for_RV(sv);
ad64d0ec 251 SvRV_set(sv, MUTABLE_SV(gv));
853846ea 252 SvROK_on(sv);
1d8d4d2a 253 SvSETMAGIC(sv);
853846ea 254 goto wasref;
2c8ac474 255 }
6f7909da
FC		 256 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF || strict)
257 return (SV *)Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, "a symbol");
599cee73 258 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
29489e7c 259 report_uninit(sv);
6f7909da 260 return &PL_sv_undef;
a0d0e21e 261 }
6f7909da 262 if (noinit)
35cd451c 263 {
77cb3b01
FC		 264 if (!(sv = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv_nomg(
265 sv, GV_ADDMG, SVt_PVGV
23496c6e 266 ))))
6f7909da 267 return &PL_sv_undef;
35cd451c
GS		 268 }
269 else {
6f7909da
FC		 270 if (strict)
271 return
272 (SV *)Perl_die(aTHX_
273 S_no_symref_sv,
274 sv,
bf3d870f 275 (SvPOKp(sv) && SvCUR(sv)>32 ? "..." : ""),
6f7909da
FC		 276 "a symbol"
277 );
e26df76a
NC		 278 if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpDONT_INIT_GV))
279 == OPpDONT_INIT_GV) {
280 /* We are the target of a coderef assignment. Return
281 the scalar unchanged, and let pp_sasssign deal with
282 things. */
6f7909da 283 return sv;
e26df76a 284 }
77cb3b01 285 sv = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv_nomg(sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVGV));
35cd451c 286 }
2acc3314 287 /* FAKE globs in the symbol table cause weird bugs (#77810) */
96293f45 288 SvFAKE_off(sv);
93a17b20 289 }
79072805 290 }
8dc99089 291 if (SvFAKE(sv) && !(PL_op->op_private & OPpALLOW_FAKE)) {
2acc3314 292 SV *newsv = sv_newmortal();
5cf4b255 293 sv_setsv_flags(newsv, sv, 0);
2acc3314 294 SvFAKE_off(newsv);
d8906c05 295 sv = newsv;
2acc3314 296 }
6f7909da
FC		 297 return sv;
298}
299
300PP(pp_rv2gv)
301{
302 dVAR; dSP; dTOPss;
303
304 sv = S_rv2gv(aTHX_
305 sv, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF,
306 PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS,
307 ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) && !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
308 || PL_op->op_type == OP_READLINE
309 );
d8906c05
FC		 310 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
311 save_gp(MUTABLE_GV(sv), !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
312 SETs(sv);
79072805
LW		 313 RETURN;
314}
315
dc3c76f8
NC		 316/* Helper function for pp_rv2sv and pp_rv2av */
317GV *
fe9845cc
RB		 318Perl_softref2xv(pTHX_ SV *const sv, const char *const what,
319 const svtype type, SV ***spp)
dc3c76f8
NC		 320{
321 dVAR;
322 GV *gv;
323
7918f24d
NC		 324 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SOFTREF2XV;
325
dc3c76f8
NC		 326 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS) {
327 if (SvOK(sv))
bf3d870f
FC		 328 Perl_die(aTHX_ S_no_symref_sv, sv,
329 (SvPOKp(sv) && SvCUR(sv)>32 ? "..." : ""), what);
dc3c76f8
NC		 330 else
331 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, what);
332 }
333 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
fd1d9b5c 334 if (
c8fe3bdf 335 PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF
fd1d9b5c 336 )
dc3c76f8
NC		 337 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, what);
338 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
339 report_uninit(sv);
340 if (type != SVt_PV && GIMME_V == G_ARRAY) {
341 (*spp)--;
342 return NULL;
343 }
344 **spp = &PL_sv_undef;
345 return NULL;
346 }
347 if ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) &&
348 !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
349 {
77cb3b01 350 if (!(gv = gv_fetchsv_nomg(sv, GV_ADDMG, type)))
dc3c76f8
NC		 351 {
352 **spp = &PL_sv_undef;
353 return NULL;
354 }
355 }
356 else {
77cb3b01 357 gv = gv_fetchsv_nomg(sv, GV_ADD, type);
dc3c76f8
NC		 358 }
359 return gv;
360}
361
79072805
LW		 362PP(pp_rv2sv)
363{
97aff369 364 dVAR; dSP; dTOPss;
c445ea15 365 GV *gv = NULL;
79072805 366
9026059d 367 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
ed6116ce 368 if (SvROK(sv)) {
93d7320b
DM		 369 if (SvAMAGIC(sv)) {
370 sv = amagic_deref_call(sv, to_sv_amg);
93d7320b 371 }
f5284f61 372
ed6116ce 373 sv = SvRV(sv);
79072805
LW		 374 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
375 case SVt_PVAV:
376 case SVt_PVHV:
377 case SVt_PVCV:
cbae9b9f
YST		 378 case SVt_PVFM:
379 case SVt_PVIO:
cea2e8a9 380 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a SCALAR reference");
42d0e0b7 381 default: NOOP;
79072805
LW		 382 }
383 }
384 else {
159b6efe 385 gv = MUTABLE_GV(sv);
748a9306 386
6e592b3a 387 if (!isGV_with_GP(gv)) {
dc3c76f8
NC		 388 gv = Perl_softref2xv(aTHX_ sv, "a SCALAR", SVt_PV, &sp);
389 if (!gv)
390 RETURN;
463ee0b2 391 }
29c711a3 392 sv = GvSVn(gv);
a0d0e21e 393 }
533c011a 394 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD) {
82d03984
RGS		 395 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
396 if (cUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL)
159b6efe 397 sv = save_scalar(MUTABLE_GV(TOPs));
82d03984
RGS		 398 else if (gv)
399 sv = save_scalar(gv);
400 else
f1f66076 401 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_localize_ref);
82d03984 402 }
533c011a 403 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF)
9026059d 404 sv = vivify_ref(sv, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF);
79072805 405 }
a0d0e21e 406 SETs(sv);
79072805
LW		 407 RETURN;
408}
409
410PP(pp_av2arylen)
411{
97aff369 412 dVAR; dSP;
502c6561 413 AV * const av = MUTABLE_AV(TOPs);
02d85cc3
EB		 414 const I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
415 if (lvalue) {
416 SV ** const sv = Perl_av_arylen_p(aTHX_ MUTABLE_AV(av));
417 if (!*sv) {
418 *sv = newSV_type(SVt_PVMG);
419 sv_magic(*sv, MUTABLE_SV(av), PERL_MAGIC_arylen, NULL, 0);
420 }
421 SETs(*sv);
422 } else {
e1dccc0d 423 SETs(sv_2mortal(newSViv(AvFILL(MUTABLE_AV(av)))));
79072805 424 }
79072805
LW		 425 RETURN;
426}
427
a0d0e21e
LW		 428PP(pp_pos)
429{
2154eca7 430 dVAR; dSP; dPOPss;
8ec5e241 431
78f9721b 432 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET) {
d14578b8 433 SV * const ret = sv_2mortal(newSV_type(SVt_PVLV));/* Not TARG RT#67838 */
16eb5365
FC		 434 sv_magic(ret, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_pos, NULL, 0);
435 LvTYPE(ret) = '.';
436 LvTARG(ret) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv);
2154eca7 437 PUSHs(ret); /* no SvSETMAGIC */
a0d0e21e
LW		 438 RETURN;
439 }
440 else {
a0d0e21e 441 if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(sv)) {
1b6737cc 442 const MAGIC * const mg = mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
565764a8 443 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0) {
2154eca7 444 dTARGET;
a0ed51b3 445 I32 i = mg->mg_len;
7e2040f0 446 if (DO_UTF8(sv))
a0ed51b3 447 sv_pos_b2u(sv, &i);
e1dccc0d 448 PUSHi(i);
a0d0e21e
LW		 449 RETURN;
450 }
451 }
452 RETPUSHUNDEF;
453 }
454}
455
79072805
LW		 456PP(pp_rv2cv)
457{
97aff369 458 dVAR; dSP;
79072805 459 GV *gv;
1eced8f8 460 HV *stash_unused;
c445ea15 461 const I32 flags = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
9da346da 462 ? GV_ADDMG
d14578b8
KW		 463 : ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT))
464 == OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT)
c445ea15
AL		 465 ? GV_ADD|GV_NOEXPAND
466 : GV_ADD;
4633a7c4
LW		 467 /* We usually try to add a non-existent subroutine in case of AUTOLOAD. */
468 /* (But not in defined().) */
e26df76a 469
1eced8f8 470 CV *cv = sv_2cv(TOPs, &stash_unused, &gv, flags);
5a20ba3d 471 if (cv) NOOP;
e26df76a 472 else if ((flags == (GV_ADD|GV_NOEXPAND)) && gv && SvROK(gv)) {
ea726b52 473 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
e26df76a 474 }
07055b4c 475 else
ea726b52 476 cv = MUTABLE_CV(&PL_sv_undef);
ad64d0ec 477 SETs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
79072805
LW		 478 RETURN;
479}
480
c07a80fd 481PP(pp_prototype)
482{
97aff369 483 dVAR; dSP;
c07a80fd 484 CV *cv;
485 HV *stash;
486 GV *gv;
fabdb6c0 487 SV *ret = &PL_sv_undef;
c07a80fd 488
6954f42f 489 if (SvGMAGICAL(TOPs)) SETs(sv_mortalcopy(TOPs));
b6c543e3 490 if (SvPOK(TOPs) && SvCUR(TOPs) >= 7) {
e3f73d4e 491 const char * s = SvPVX_const(TOPs);
b6c543e3 492 if (strnEQ(s, "CORE::", 6)) {
be1b855b 493 const int code = keyword(s + 6, SvCUR(TOPs) - 6, 1);
b66130dd 494 if (!code || code == -KEY_CORE)
1b08e051
FC		 495 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't find an opnumber for \"%"SVf"\"",
496 SVfARG(newSVpvn_flags(
c9af70d5
FC		 497 s+6, SvCUR(TOPs)-6,
498 (SvFLAGS(TOPs) & SVf_UTF8)|SVs_TEMP
1b08e051 499 )));
4e338c21 500 {
b66130dd
FC		 501 SV * const sv = core_prototype(NULL, s + 6, code, NULL);
502 if (sv) ret = sv;
503 }
b8c38f0a 504 goto set;
b6c543e3
IZ		 505 }
506 }
f2c0649b 507 cv = sv_2cv(TOPs, &stash, &gv, 0);
5f05dabc 508 if (cv && SvPOK(cv))
8fa6a409
FC		 509 ret = newSVpvn_flags(
510 CvPROTO(cv), CvPROTOLEN(cv), SVs_TEMP | SvUTF8(cv)
511 );
b6c543e3 512 set:
c07a80fd 513 SETs(ret);
514 RETURN;
515}
516
a0d0e21e
LW		 517PP(pp_anoncode)
518{
97aff369 519 dVAR; dSP;
ea726b52 520 CV *cv = MUTABLE_CV(PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ));
a5f75d66 521 if (CvCLONE(cv))
ad64d0ec 522 cv = MUTABLE_CV(sv_2mortal(MUTABLE_SV(cv_clone(cv))));
5f05dabc 523 EXTEND(SP,1);
ad64d0ec 524 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
a0d0e21e
LW		 525 RETURN;
526}
527
528PP(pp_srefgen)
79072805 529{
97aff369 530 dVAR; dSP;
71be2cbc 531 *SP = refto(*SP);
79072805 532 RETURN;
8ec5e241 533}
a0d0e21e
LW		 534
535PP(pp_refgen)
536{
97aff369 537 dVAR; dSP; dMARK;
a0d0e21e 538 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
5f0b1d4e
GS		 539 if (++MARK <= SP)
540 *MARK = *SP;
541 else
3280af22 542 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
5f0b1d4e
GS		 543 *MARK = refto(*MARK);
544 SP = MARK;
545 RETURN;
a0d0e21e 546 }
bbce6d69 547 EXTEND_MORTAL(SP - MARK);
71be2cbc 548 while (++MARK <= SP)
549 *MARK = refto(*MARK);
a0d0e21e 550 RETURN;
79072805
LW		 551}
552
76e3520e 553STATIC SV*
cea2e8a9 554S_refto(pTHX_ SV *sv)
71be2cbc 555{
97aff369 556 dVAR;
71be2cbc 557 SV* rv;
558
7918f24d
NC		 559 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REFTO;
560
71be2cbc 561 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV && LvTYPE(sv) == 'y') {
562 if (LvTARGLEN(sv))
68dc0745 563 vivify_defelem(sv);
564 if (!(sv = LvTARG(sv)))
3280af22 565 sv = &PL_sv_undef;
0dd88869 566 else
b37c2d43 567 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
71be2cbc 568 }
d8b46c1b 569 else if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV) {
502c6561
NC		 570 if (!AvREAL((const AV *)sv) && AvREIFY((const AV *)sv))
571 av_reify(MUTABLE_AV(sv));
d8b46c1b 572 SvTEMP_off(sv);
b37c2d43 573 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
d8b46c1b 574 }
f2933f5f
DM		 575 else if (SvPADTMP(sv) && !IS_PADGV(sv))
576 sv = newSVsv(sv);
71be2cbc 577 else {
578 SvTEMP_off(sv);
b37c2d43 579 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
71be2cbc 580 }
581 rv = sv_newmortal();
4df7f6af 582 sv_upgrade(rv, SVt_IV);
b162af07 583 SvRV_set(rv, sv);
71be2cbc 584 SvROK_on(rv);
585 return rv;
586}
587
79072805
LW		 588PP(pp_ref)
589{
97aff369 590 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
1b6737cc 591 SV * const sv = POPs;
f12c7020 592
5b295bef
RD		 593 if (sv)
594 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
f12c7020 595
a0d0e21e 596 if (!sv || !SvROK(sv))
4633a7c4 597 RETPUSHNO;
79072805 598
a15456de
BF		 599 (void)sv_ref(TARG,SvRV(sv),TRUE);
600 PUSHTARG;
79072805
LW		 601 RETURN;
602}
603
604PP(pp_bless)
605{
97aff369 606 dVAR; dSP;
463ee0b2 607 HV *stash;
79072805 608
463ee0b2 609 if (MAXARG == 1)
dcdfe746 610 {
c2f922f1 611 curstash:
11faa288 612 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
dcdfe746
FC		 613 if (SvTYPE(stash) != SVt_PVHV)
614 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Attempt to bless into a freed package");
615 }
7b8d334a 616 else {
1b6737cc 617 SV * const ssv = POPs;
7b8d334a 618 STRLEN len;
e1ec3a88 619 const char *ptr;
81689caa 620
c2f922f1
FC		 621 if (!ssv) goto curstash;
622 if (!SvGMAGICAL(ssv) && !SvAMAGIC(ssv) && SvROK(ssv))
81689caa 623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Attempt to bless into a reference");
5c144d81 624 ptr = SvPV_const(ssv,len);
a2a5de95
NC		 625 if (len == 0)
626 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
627 "Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)");
e69c50fe 628 stash = gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, GV_ADD|SvUTF8(ssv));
7b8d334a 629 }
a0d0e21e 630
5d3fdfeb 631 (void)sv_bless(TOPs, stash);
79072805
LW		 632 RETURN;
633}
634
fb73857a 635PP(pp_gelem)
636{
97aff369 637 dVAR; dSP;
b13b2135 638
1b6737cc 639 SV *sv = POPs;
a180b31a
BF		 640 STRLEN len;
641 const char * const elem = SvPV_const(sv, len);
159b6efe 642 GV * const gv = MUTABLE_GV(POPs);
c445ea15 643 SV * tmpRef = NULL;
1b6737cc 644
c445ea15 645 sv = NULL;
c4ba80c3
NC		 646 if (elem) {
647 /* elem will always be NUL terminated. */
1b6737cc 648 const char * const second_letter = elem + 1;
c4ba80c3
NC		 649 switch (*elem) {
650 case 'A':
a180b31a 651 if (len == 5 && strEQ(second_letter, "RRAY"))
e14698d8 652 {
ad64d0ec 653 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvAV(gv));
e14698d8
FC		 654 if (tmpRef && !AvREAL((const AV *)tmpRef)
655 && AvREIFY((const AV *)tmpRef))
656 av_reify(MUTABLE_AV(tmpRef));
657 }
c4ba80c3
NC		 658 break;
659 case 'C':
a180b31a 660 if (len == 4 && strEQ(second_letter, "ODE"))
ad64d0ec 661 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvCVu(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC		 662 break;
663 case 'F':
a180b31a 664 if (len == 10 && strEQ(second_letter, "ILEHANDLE")) {
c4ba80c3
NC		 665 /* finally deprecated in 5.8.0 */
666 deprecate("*glob{FILEHANDLE}");
ad64d0ec 667 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvIOp(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC		 668 }
669 else
a180b31a 670 if (len == 6 && strEQ(second_letter, "ORMAT"))
ad64d0ec 671 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvFORM(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC		 672 break;
673 case 'G':
a180b31a 674 if (len == 4 && strEQ(second_letter, "LOB"))
ad64d0ec 675 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(gv);
c4ba80c3
NC		 676 break;
677 case 'H':
a180b31a 678 if (len == 4 && strEQ(second_letter, "ASH"))
ad64d0ec 679 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvHV(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC		 680 break;
681 case 'I':
a180b31a 682 if (*second_letter == 'O' && !elem[2] && len == 2)
ad64d0ec 683 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvIOp(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC		 684 break;
685 case 'N':
a180b31a 686 if (len == 4 && strEQ(second_letter, "AME"))
a663657d 687 sv = newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC		 688 break;
689 case 'P':
a180b31a 690 if (len == 7 && strEQ(second_letter, "ACKAGE")) {
7fa3a4ab
NC		 691 const HV * const stash = GvSTASH(gv);
692 const HEK * const hek = stash ? HvNAME_HEK(stash) : NULL;
396482e1 693 sv = hek ? newSVhek(hek) : newSVpvs("__ANON__");
c4ba80c3
NC		 694 }
695 break;
696 case 'S':
a180b31a 697 if (len == 6 && strEQ(second_letter, "CALAR"))
f9d52e31 698 tmpRef = GvSVn(gv);
c4ba80c3 699 break;
39b99f21 700 }
fb73857a 701 }
76e3520e
GS		 702 if (tmpRef)
703 sv = newRV(tmpRef);
fb73857a 704 if (sv)
705 sv_2mortal(sv);
706 else
3280af22 707 sv = &PL_sv_undef;
fb73857a 708 XPUSHs(sv);
709 RETURN;
710}
711
a0d0e21e 712/* Pattern matching */
79072805 713
a0d0e21e 714PP(pp_study)
79072805 715{
97aff369 716 dVAR; dSP; dPOPss;
a0d0e21e
LW		 717 STRLEN len;
718
1fa930f2 719 (void)SvPV(sv, len);
bc9a5256 720 if (len == 0 || len > I32_MAX || !SvPOK(sv) || SvUTF8(sv) || SvVALID(sv)) {
32f0ea87 721 /* Historically, study was skipped in these cases. */
a4f4e906
NC		 722 RETPUSHNO;
723 }
724
a58a85fa 725 /* Make study a no-op. It's no longer useful and its existence
32f0ea87 726 complicates matters elsewhere. */
1e422769 727 RETPUSHYES;
79072805
LW		 728}
729
a0d0e21e 730PP(pp_trans)
79072805 731{
97aff369 732 dVAR; dSP; dTARG;
a0d0e21e
LW		 733 SV *sv;
734
533c011a 735 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
a0d0e21e 736 sv = POPs;
59f00321
RGS		 737 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
738 sv = GETTARGET;
79072805 739 else {
54b9620d 740 sv = DEFSV;
a0d0e21e 741 EXTEND(SP,1);
79072805 742 }
bb16bae8 743 if(PL_op->op_type == OP_TRANSR) {
290797f7
FC		 744 STRLEN len;
745 const char * const pv = SvPV(sv,len);
746 SV * const newsv = newSVpvn_flags(pv, len, SVs_TEMP|SvUTF8(sv));
bb16bae8 747 do_trans(newsv);
290797f7 748 PUSHs(newsv);
bb16bae8 749 }
5bbe7184
FC		 750 else {
751 TARG = sv_newmortal();
752 PUSHi(do_trans(sv));
753 }
a0d0e21e 754 RETURN;
79072805
LW		 755}
756
a0d0e21e 757/* Lvalue operators. */
79072805 758
81745e4e
NC		 759static void
760S_do_chomp(pTHX_ SV *retval, SV *sv, bool chomping)
761{
762 dVAR;
763 STRLEN len;
764 char *s;
765
766 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_CHOMP;
767
768 if (chomping && (RsSNARF(PL_rs) || RsRECORD(PL_rs)))
769 return;
770 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV) {
771 I32 i;
772 AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(sv);
773 const I32 max = AvFILL(av);
774
775 for (i = 0; i <= max; i++) {
776 sv = MUTABLE_SV(av_fetch(av, i, FALSE));
777 if (sv && ((sv = *(SV**)sv), sv != &PL_sv_undef))
778 do_chomp(retval, sv, chomping);
779 }
780 return;
781 }
782 else if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVHV) {
783 HV* const hv = MUTABLE_HV(sv);
784 HE* entry;
785 (void)hv_iterinit(hv);
786 while ((entry = hv_iternext(hv)))
787 do_chomp(retval, hv_iterval(hv,entry), chomping);
788 return;
789 }
790 else if (SvREADONLY(sv)) {
cb077ed2 791 Perl_croak_no_modify();
81745e4e 792 }
e3918bb7
FC		 793 else if (SvIsCOW(sv)) {
794 sv_force_normal_flags(sv, 0);
795 }
81745e4e
NC		 796
797 if (PL_encoding) {
798 if (!SvUTF8(sv)) {
799 /* XXX, here sv is utf8-ized as a side-effect!
800 If encoding.pm is used properly, almost string-generating
801 operations, including literal strings, chr(), input data, etc.
802 should have been utf8-ized already, right?
803 */
804 sv_recode_to_utf8(sv, PL_encoding);
805 }
806 }
807
808 s = SvPV(sv, len);
809 if (chomping) {
810 char *temp_buffer = NULL;
811 SV *svrecode = NULL;
812
813 if (s && len) {
814 s += --len;
815 if (RsPARA(PL_rs)) {
816 if (*s != '\n')
817 goto nope;
818 ++SvIVX(retval);
819 while (len && s[-1] == '\n') {
820 --len;
821 --s;
822 ++SvIVX(retval);
823 }
824 }
825 else {
826 STRLEN rslen, rs_charlen;
827 const char *rsptr = SvPV_const(PL_rs, rslen);
828
829 rs_charlen = SvUTF8(PL_rs)
830 ? sv_len_utf8(PL_rs)
831 : rslen;
832
833 if (SvUTF8(PL_rs) != SvUTF8(sv)) {
834 /* Assumption is that rs is shorter than the scalar. */
835 if (SvUTF8(PL_rs)) {
836 /* RS is utf8, scalar is 8 bit. */
837 bool is_utf8 = TRUE;
838 temp_buffer = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8*)rsptr,
839 &rslen, &is_utf8);
840 if (is_utf8) {
841 /* Cannot downgrade, therefore cannot possibly match
842 */
843 assert (temp_buffer == rsptr);
844 temp_buffer = NULL;
845 goto nope;
846 }
847 rsptr = temp_buffer;
848 }
849 else if (PL_encoding) {
850 /* RS is 8 bit, encoding.pm is used.
851 * Do not recode PL_rs as a side-effect. */
852 svrecode = newSVpvn(rsptr, rslen);
853 sv_recode_to_utf8(svrecode, PL_encoding);
854 rsptr = SvPV_const(svrecode, rslen);
855 rs_charlen = sv_len_utf8(svrecode);
856 }
857 else {
858 /* RS is 8 bit, scalar is utf8. */
859 temp_buffer = (char*)bytes_to_utf8((U8*)rsptr, &rslen);
860 rsptr = temp_buffer;
861 }
862 }
863 if (rslen == 1) {
864 if (*s != *rsptr)
865 goto nope;
866 ++SvIVX(retval);
867 }
868 else {
869 if (len < rslen - 1)
870 goto nope;
871 len -= rslen - 1;
872 s -= rslen - 1;
873 if (memNE(s, rsptr, rslen))
874 goto nope;
875 SvIVX(retval) += rs_charlen;
876 }
877 }
fbac7ddf 878 s = SvPV_force_nomg_nolen(sv);
81745e4e
NC		 879 SvCUR_set(sv, len);
880 *SvEND(sv) = '\0';
881 SvNIOK_off(sv);
882 SvSETMAGIC(sv);
883 }
884 nope:
885
886 SvREFCNT_dec(svrecode);
887
888 Safefree(temp_buffer);
889 } else {
890 if (len && !SvPOK(sv))
891 s = SvPV_force_nomg(sv, len);
892 if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
893 if (s && len) {
894 char * const send = s + len;
895 char * const start = s;
896 s = send - 1;
897 while (s > start && UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s))
898 s--;
899 if (is_utf8_string((U8*)s, send - s)) {
900 sv_setpvn(retval, s, send - s);
901 *s = '\0';
902 SvCUR_set(sv, s - start);
903 SvNIOK_off(sv);
904 SvUTF8_on(retval);
905 }
906 }
907 else
908 sv_setpvs(retval, "");
909 }
910 else if (s && len) {
911 s += --len;
912 sv_setpvn(retval, s, 1);
913 *s = '\0';
914 SvCUR_set(sv, len);
915 SvUTF8_off(sv);
916 SvNIOK_off(sv);
917 }
918 else
919 sv_setpvs(retval, "");
920 SvSETMAGIC(sv);
921 }
922}
923
a0d0e21e
LW		 924PP(pp_schop)
925{
97aff369 926 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
fa54efae
NC		 927 const bool chomping = PL_op->op_type == OP_SCHOMP;
928
929 if (chomping)
930 sv_setiv(TARG, 0);
931 do_chomp(TARG, TOPs, chomping);
a0d0e21e
LW		 932 SETTARG;
933 RETURN;
79072805
LW		 934}
935
a0d0e21e 936PP(pp_chop)
79072805 937{
97aff369 938 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dTARGET; dORIGMARK;
fa54efae 939 const bool chomping = PL_op->op_type == OP_CHOMP;
8ec5e241 940
fa54efae
NC		 941 if (chomping)
942 sv_setiv(TARG, 0);
20cf1f79 943 while (MARK < SP)
fa54efae 944 do_chomp(TARG, *++MARK, chomping);
20cf1f79
NC		 945 SP = ORIGMARK;
946 XPUSHTARG;
a0d0e21e 947 RETURN;
79072805
LW		 948}
949
a0d0e21e
LW		 950PP(pp_undef)
951{
97aff369 952 dVAR; dSP;
a0d0e21e
LW		 953 SV *sv;
954
533c011a 955 if (!PL_op->op_private) {
774d564b 956 EXTEND(SP, 1);
a0d0e21e 957 RETPUSHUNDEF;
774d564b 958 }
79072805 959
a0d0e21e
LW		 960 sv = POPs;
961 if (!sv)
962 RETPUSHUNDEF;
85e6fe83 963
765f542d 964 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(sv);
85e6fe83 965
a0d0e21e
LW		 966 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
967 case SVt_NULL:
968 break;
969 case SVt_PVAV:
60edcf09 970 av_undef(MUTABLE_AV(sv));
a0d0e21e
LW		 971 break;
972 case SVt_PVHV:
60edcf09 973 hv_undef(MUTABLE_HV(sv));
a0d0e21e
LW		 974 break;
975 case SVt_PVCV:
a2a5de95 976 if (cv_const_sv((const CV *)sv))
714cd18f
BF		 977 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
978 "Constant subroutine %"SVf" undefined",
979 SVfARG(CvANON((const CV *)sv)
980 ? newSVpvs_flags("(anonymous)", SVs_TEMP)
981 : sv_2mortal(newSVhek(GvENAME_HEK(CvGV((const CV *)sv))))));
5f66b61c 982 /* FALLTHROUGH */
9607fc9c 983 case SVt_PVFM:
6fc92669
GS		 984 {
985 /* let user-undef'd sub keep its identity */
ea726b52 986 GV* const gv = CvGV((const CV *)sv);
b290562e
FC		 987 HEK * const hek = CvNAME_HEK((CV *)sv);
988 if (hek) share_hek_hek(hek);
ea726b52 989 cv_undef(MUTABLE_CV(sv));
b290562e
FC		 990 if (gv) CvGV_set(MUTABLE_CV(sv), gv);
991 else if (hek) {
992 SvANY((CV *)sv)->xcv_gv_u.xcv_hek = hek;
993 CvNAMED_on(sv);
994 }
6fc92669 995 }
a0d0e21e 996 break;
8e07c86e 997 case SVt_PVGV:
bc1df6c2
FC		 998 assert(isGV_with_GP(sv));
999 assert(!SvFAKE(sv));
1000 {
20408e3c 1001 GP *gp;
dd69841b
BB		 1002 HV *stash;
1003
dd69841b 1004 /* undef *Pkg::meth_name ... */
e530fb81
FC		 1005 bool method_changed
1006 = GvCVu((const GV *)sv) && (stash = GvSTASH((const GV *)sv))
1007 && HvENAME_get(stash);
1008 /* undef *Foo:: */
1009 if((stash = GvHV((const GV *)sv))) {
1010 if(HvENAME_get(stash))
1011 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void_NN(sv_2mortal((SV *)stash));
1012 else stash = NULL;
1013 }
dd69841b 1014
159b6efe 1015 gp_free(MUTABLE_GV(sv));
a02a5408 1016 Newxz(gp, 1, GP);
c43ae56f 1017 GvGP_set(sv, gp_ref(gp));
561b68a9 1018 GvSV(sv) = newSV(0);
57843af0 1019 GvLINE(sv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
159b6efe 1020 GvEGV(sv) = MUTABLE_GV(sv);
20408e3c 1021 GvMULTI_on(sv);
e530fb81
FC		 1022
1023 if(stash)
afdbe55d 1024 mro_package_moved(NULL, stash, (const GV *)sv, 0);
e530fb81
FC		 1025 stash = NULL;
1026 /* undef *Foo::ISA */
1027 if( strEQ(GvNAME((const GV *)sv), "ISA")
1028 && (stash = GvSTASH((const GV *)sv))
1029 && (method_changed || HvENAME(stash)) )
1030 mro_isa_changed_in(stash);
1031 else if(method_changed)
1032 mro_method_changed_in(
da9043f5 1033 GvSTASH((const GV *)sv)
e530fb81
FC		 1034 );
1035
6e592b3a 1036 break;
20408e3c 1037 }
a0d0e21e 1038 default:
b15aece3 1039 if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV && SvPVX_const(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
8bd4d4c5 1040 SvPV_free(sv);
c445ea15 1041 SvPV_set(sv, NULL);
4633a7c4 1042 SvLEN_set(sv, 0);
a0d0e21e 1043 }
0c34ef67 1044 SvOK_off(sv);
4633a7c4 1045 SvSETMAGIC(sv);
79072805 1046 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1047
1048 RETPUSHUNDEF;
79072805
LW		 1049}
1050
a0d0e21e
LW		 1051PP(pp_postinc)
1052{
97aff369 1053 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
c22c99bc
FC		 1054 const bool inc =
1055 PL_op->op_type == OP_POSTINC || PL_op->op_type == OP_I_POSTINC;
60092ce4 1056 if (SvTYPE(TOPs) >= SVt_PVAV || (isGV_with_GP(TOPs) && !SvFAKE(TOPs)))
cb077ed2 1057 Perl_croak_no_modify();
7dcb9b98
DM		 1058 if (SvROK(TOPs))
1059 TARG = sv_newmortal();
a0d0e21e 1060 sv_setsv(TARG, TOPs);
4bac9ae4 1061 if (!SvREADONLY(TOPs) && !SvGMAGICAL(TOPs) && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)
c22c99bc 1062 && SvIVX(TOPs) != (inc ? IV_MAX : IV_MIN))
55497cff 1063 {
c22c99bc 1064 SvIV_set(TOPs, SvIVX(TOPs) + (inc ? 1 : -1));
55497cff 1065 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
748a9306 1066 }
c22c99bc 1067 else if (inc)
6f1401dc 1068 sv_inc_nomg(TOPs);
c22c99bc 1069 else sv_dec_nomg(TOPs);
a0d0e21e 1070 SvSETMAGIC(TOPs);
1e54a23f 1071 /* special case for undef: see thread at 2003-03/msg00536.html in archive */
c22c99bc 1072 if (inc && !SvOK(TARG))
a0d0e21e
LW		 1073 sv_setiv(TARG, 0);
1074 SETs(TARG);
1075 return NORMAL;
1076}
79072805 1077
a0d0e21e
LW		 1078/* Ordinary operators. */
1079
1080PP(pp_pow)
1081{
800401ee 1082 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
58d76dfd 1083#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
52a96ae6
HS		 1084 bool is_int = 0;
1085#endif
6f1401dc
DM		 1086 tryAMAGICbin_MG(pow_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
1087 svr = TOPs;
1088 svl = TOPm1s;
52a96ae6
HS		 1089#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1090 /* For integer to integer power, we do the calculation by hand wherever
1091 we're sure it is safe; otherwise we call pow() and try to convert to
1092 integer afterwards. */
01f91bf2 1093 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr) && SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
900658e3
PF		 1094 UV power;
1095 bool baseuok;
1096 UV baseuv;
1097
800401ee
JH		 1098 if (SvUOK(svr)) {
1099 power = SvUVX(svr);
900658e3 1100 } else {
800401ee 1101 const IV iv = SvIVX(svr);
900658e3
PF		 1102 if (iv >= 0) {
1103 power = iv;
1104 } else {
1105 goto float_it; /* Can't do negative powers this way. */
1106 }
1107 }
1108
800401ee 1109 baseuok = SvUOK(svl);
900658e3 1110 if (baseuok) {
800401ee 1111 baseuv = SvUVX(svl);
900658e3 1112 } else {
800401ee 1113 const IV iv = SvIVX(svl);
900658e3
PF		 1114 if (iv >= 0) {
1115 baseuv = iv;
1116 baseuok = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1117 } else {
1118 baseuv = -iv; /* abs, baseuok == false records sign */
1119 }
1120 }
52a96ae6
HS		 1121 /* now we have integer ** positive integer. */
1122 is_int = 1;
1123
1124 /* foo & (foo - 1) is zero only for a power of 2. */
58d76dfd 1125 if (!(baseuv & (baseuv - 1))) {
52a96ae6 1126 /* We are raising power-of-2 to a positive integer.
58d76dfd
JH		 1127 The logic here will work for any base (even non-integer
1128 bases) but it can be less accurate than
1129 pow (base,power) or exp (power * log (base)) when the
1130 intermediate values start to spill out of the mantissa.
1131 With powers of 2 we know this can't happen.
1132 And powers of 2 are the favourite thing for perl
1133 programmers to notice ** not doing what they mean. */
1134 NV result = 1.0;
1135 NV base = baseuok ? baseuv : -(NV)baseuv;
900658e3
PF		 1136
1137 if (power & 1) {
1138 result *= base;
1139 }
1140 while (power >>= 1) {
1141 base *= base;
1142 if (power & 1) {
1143 result *= base;
1144 }
1145 }
58d76dfd
JH		 1146 SP--;
1147 SETn( result );
6f1401dc 1148 SvIV_please_nomg(svr);
58d76dfd 1149 RETURN;
52a96ae6 1150 } else {
eb578fdb
KW		 1151 unsigned int highbit = 8 * sizeof(UV);
1152 unsigned int diff = 8 * sizeof(UV);
900658e3
PF		 1153 while (diff >>= 1) {
1154 highbit -= diff;
1155 if (baseuv >> highbit) {
1156 highbit += diff;
1157 }
52a96ae6
HS		 1158 }
1159 /* we now have baseuv < 2 ** highbit */
1160 if (power * highbit <= 8 * sizeof(UV)) {
1161 /* result will definitely fit in UV, so use UV math
1162 on same algorithm as above */
eb578fdb
KW		 1163 UV result = 1;
1164 UV base = baseuv;
f2338a2e 1165 const bool odd_power = cBOOL(power & 1);
900658e3
PF		 1166 if (odd_power) {
1167 result *= base;
1168 }
1169 while (power >>= 1) {
1170 base *= base;
1171 if (power & 1) {
52a96ae6 1172 result *= base;
52a96ae6
HS		 1173 }
1174 }
1175 SP--;
0615a994 1176 if (baseuok || !odd_power)
52a96ae6
HS		 1177 /* answer is positive */
1178 SETu( result );
1179 else if (result <= (UV)IV_MAX)
1180 /* answer negative, fits in IV */
1181 SETi( -(IV)result );
1182 else if (result == (UV)IV_MIN)
1183 /* 2's complement assumption: special case IV_MIN */
1184 SETi( IV_MIN );
1185 else
1186 /* answer negative, doesn't fit */
1187 SETn( -(NV)result );
1188 RETURN;
1189 }
1190 }
58d76dfd 1191 }
52a96ae6 1192 float_it:
58d76dfd 1193#endif
a0d0e21e 1194 {
6f1401dc
DM		 1195 NV right = SvNV_nomg(svr);
1196 NV left = SvNV_nomg(svl);
4efa5a16 1197 (void)POPs;
3aaeb624
JA		 1198
1199#if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(HAS_AIX_POWL_NEG_BASE_BUG)
1200 /*
1201 We are building perl with long double support and are on an AIX OS
1202 afflicted with a powl() function that wrongly returns NaNQ for any
1203 negative base. This was reported to IBM as PMR #23047-379 on
1204 03/06/2006. The problem exists in at least the following versions
1205 of AIX and the libm fileset, and no doubt others as well:
1206
1207 AIX 4.3.3-ML10 bos.adt.libm 4.3.3.50
1208 AIX 5.1.0-ML04 bos.adt.libm 5.1.0.29
1209 AIX 5.2.0 bos.adt.libm 5.2.0.85
1210
1211 So, until IBM fixes powl(), we provide the following workaround to
1212 handle the problem ourselves. Our logic is as follows: for
1213 negative bases (left), we use fmod(right, 2) to check if the
1214 exponent is an odd or even integer:
1215
1216 - if odd, powl(left, right) == -powl(-left, right)
1217 - if even, powl(left, right) == powl(-left, right)
1218
1219 If the exponent is not an integer, the result is rightly NaNQ, so
1220 we just return that (as NV_NAN).
1221 */
1222
1223 if (left < 0.0) {
1224 NV mod2 = Perl_fmod( right, 2.0 );
1225 if (mod2 == 1.0 || mod2 == -1.0) { /* odd integer */
1226 SETn( -Perl_pow( -left, right) );
1227 } else if (mod2 == 0.0) { /* even integer */
1228 SETn( Perl_pow( -left, right) );
1229 } else { /* fractional power */
1230 SETn( NV_NAN );
1231 }
1232 } else {
1233 SETn( Perl_pow( left, right) );
1234 }
1235#else
52a96ae6 1236 SETn( Perl_pow( left, right) );
3aaeb624
JA		 1237#endif /* HAS_AIX_POWL_NEG_BASE_BUG */
1238
52a96ae6
HS		 1239#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1240 if (is_int)
6f1401dc 1241 SvIV_please_nomg(svr);
52a96ae6
HS		 1242#endif
1243 RETURN;
93a17b20 1244 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1245}
1246
1247PP(pp_multiply)
1248{
800401ee 1249 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
6f1401dc
DM		 1250 tryAMAGICbin_MG(mult_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
1251 svr = TOPs;
1252 svl = TOPm1s;
28e5dec8 1253#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
01f91bf2 1254 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr)) {
28e5dec8
JH		 1255 /* Unless the left argument is integer in range we are going to have to
1256 use NV maths. Hence only attempt to coerce the right argument if
1257 we know the left is integer. */
1258 /* Left operand is defined, so is it IV? */
01f91bf2 1259 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
800401ee
JH		 1260 bool auvok = SvUOK(svl);
1261 bool buvok = SvUOK(svr);
28e5dec8
JH		 1262 const UV topmask = (~ (UV)0) << (4 * sizeof (UV));
1263 const UV botmask = ~((~ (UV)0) << (4 * sizeof (UV)));
1264 UV alow;
1265 UV ahigh;
1266 UV blow;
1267 UV bhigh;
1268
1269 if (auvok) {
800401ee 1270 alow = SvUVX(svl);
28e5dec8 1271 } else {
800401ee 1272 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
28e5dec8
JH		 1273 if (aiv >= 0) {
1274 alow = aiv;
1275 auvok = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1276 } else {
1277 alow = -aiv; /* abs, auvok == false records sign */
1278 }
1279 }
1280 if (buvok) {
800401ee 1281 blow = SvUVX(svr);
28e5dec8 1282 } else {
800401ee 1283 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
28e5dec8
JH		 1284 if (biv >= 0) {
1285 blow = biv;
1286 buvok = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1287 } else {
1288 blow = -biv; /* abs, buvok == false records sign */
1289 }
1290 }
1291
1292 /* If this does sign extension on unsigned it's time for plan B */
1293 ahigh = alow >> (4 * sizeof (UV));
1294 alow &= botmask;
1295 bhigh = blow >> (4 * sizeof (UV));
1296 blow &= botmask;
1297 if (ahigh && bhigh) {
6f207bd3 1298 NOOP;
28e5dec8
JH		 1299 /* eg 32 bit is at least 0x10000 * 0x10000 == 0x100000000
1300 which is overflow. Drop to NVs below. */
1301 } else if (!ahigh && !bhigh) {
1302 /* eg 32 bit is at most 0xFFFF * 0xFFFF == 0xFFFE0001
1303 so the unsigned multiply cannot overflow. */
c445ea15 1304 const UV product = alow * blow;
28e5dec8
JH		 1305 if (auvok == buvok) {
1306 /* -ve * -ve or +ve * +ve gives a +ve result. */
1307 SP--;
1308 SETu( product );
1309 RETURN;
1310 } else if (product <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
1311 /* 2s complement assumption that (UV)-IV_MIN is correct. */
1312 /* -ve result, which could overflow an IV */
1313 SP--;
25716404 1314 SETi( -(IV)product );
28e5dec8
JH		 1315 RETURN;
1316 } /* else drop to NVs below. */
1317 } else {
1318 /* One operand is large, 1 small */
1319 UV product_middle;
1320 if (bhigh) {
1321 /* swap the operands */
1322 ahigh = bhigh;
1323 bhigh = blow; /* bhigh now the temp var for the swap */
1324 blow = alow;
1325 alow = bhigh;
1326 }
1327 /* now, ((ahigh * blow) << half_UV_len) + (alow * blow)
1328 multiplies can't overflow. shift can, add can, -ve can. */
1329 product_middle = ahigh * blow;
1330 if (!(product_middle & topmask)) {
1331 /* OK, (ahigh * blow) won't lose bits when we shift it. */
1332 UV product_low;
1333 product_middle <<= (4 * sizeof (UV));
1334 product_low = alow * blow;
1335
1336 /* as for pp_add, UV + something mustn't get smaller.
1337 IIRC ANSI mandates this wrapping *behaviour* for
1338 unsigned whatever the actual representation*/
1339 product_low += product_middle;
1340 if (product_low >= product_middle) {
1341 /* didn't overflow */
1342 if (auvok == buvok) {
1343 /* -ve * -ve or +ve * +ve gives a +ve result. */
1344 SP--;
1345 SETu( product_low );
1346 RETURN;
1347 } else if (product_low <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
1348 /* 2s complement assumption again */
1349 /* -ve result, which could overflow an IV */
1350 SP--;
25716404 1351 SETi( -(IV)product_low );
28e5dec8
JH		 1352 RETURN;
1353 } /* else drop to NVs below. */
1354 }
1355 } /* product_middle too large */
1356 } /* ahigh && bhigh */
800401ee
JH		 1357 } /* SvIOK(svl) */
1358 } /* SvIOK(svr) */
28e5dec8 1359#endif
a0d0e21e 1360 {
6f1401dc
DM		 1361 NV right = SvNV_nomg(svr);
1362 NV left = SvNV_nomg(svl);
4efa5a16 1363 (void)POPs;
a0d0e21e
LW		 1364 SETn( left * right );
1365 RETURN;
79072805 1366 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1367}
1368
1369PP(pp_divide)
1370{
800401ee 1371 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
6f1401dc
DM		 1372 tryAMAGICbin_MG(div_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
1373 svr = TOPs;
1374 svl = TOPm1s;
5479d192 1375 /* Only try to do UV divide first
68795e93 1376 if ((SLOPPYDIVIDE is true) or
5479d192
NC		 1377 (PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV is true and one or both SV is a UV too large
1378 to preserve))
1379 The assumption is that it is better to use floating point divide
1380 whenever possible, only doing integer divide first if we can't be sure.
1381 If NV_PRESERVES_UV is true then we know at compile time that no UV
1382 can be too large to preserve, so don't need to compile the code to
1383 test the size of UVs. */
1384
a0d0e21e 1385#ifdef SLOPPYDIVIDE
5479d192
NC		 1386# define PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
1387 /* ensure that 20./5. == 4. */
a0d0e21e 1388#else
5479d192
NC		 1389# ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1390# ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
1391# define PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
1392# endif
1393# endif
a0d0e21e 1394#endif
5479d192
NC		 1395
1396#ifdef PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
01f91bf2 1397 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr) && SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
800401ee
JH		 1398 bool left_non_neg = SvUOK(svl);
1399 bool right_non_neg = SvUOK(svr);
5479d192
NC		 1400 UV left;
1401 UV right;
1402
1403 if (right_non_neg) {
800401ee 1404 right = SvUVX(svr);
5479d192
NC		 1405 }
1406 else {
800401ee 1407 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
5479d192
NC		 1408 if (biv >= 0) {
1409 right = biv;
1410 right_non_neg = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1411 }
1412 else {
1413 right = -biv;
1414 }
1415 }
1416 /* historically undef()/0 gives a "Use of uninitialized value"
1417 warning before dieing, hence this test goes here.
1418 If it were immediately before the second SvIV_please, then
1419 DIE() would be invoked before left was even inspected, so
486ec47a 1420 no inspection would give no warning. */
5479d192
NC		 1421 if (right == 0)
1422 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
1423
1424 if (left_non_neg) {
800401ee 1425 left = SvUVX(svl);
5479d192
NC		 1426 }
1427 else {
800401ee 1428 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
5479d192
NC		 1429 if (aiv >= 0) {
1430 left = aiv;
1431 left_non_neg = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1432 }
1433 else {
1434 left = -aiv;
1435 }
1436 }
1437
1438 if (left >= right
1439#ifdef SLOPPYDIVIDE
1440 /* For sloppy divide we always attempt integer division. */
1441#else
1442 /* Otherwise we only attempt it if either or both operands
1443 would not be preserved by an NV. If both fit in NVs
0c2ee62a
NC		 1444 we fall through to the NV divide code below. However,
1445 as left >= right to ensure integer result here, we know that
1446 we can skip the test on the right operand - right big
1447 enough not to be preserved can't get here unless left is
1448 also too big. */
1449
1450 && (left > ((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS))
5479d192
NC		 1451#endif
1452 ) {
1453 /* Integer division can't overflow, but it can be imprecise. */
1b6737cc 1454 const UV result = left / right;
5479d192
NC		 1455 if (result * right == left) {
1456 SP--; /* result is valid */
1457 if (left_non_neg == right_non_neg) {
1458 /* signs identical, result is positive. */
1459 SETu( result );
1460 RETURN;
1461 }
1462 /* 2s complement assumption */
1463 if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
91f3b821 1464 SETi( -(IV)result );
5479d192
NC		 1465 else {
1466 /* It's exact but too negative for IV. */
1467 SETn( -(NV)result );
1468 }
1469 RETURN;
1470 } /* tried integer divide but it was not an integer result */
32fdb065 1471 } /* else (PERL_ABS(result) < 1.0) or (both UVs in range for NV) */
01f91bf2 1472 } /* one operand wasn't SvIOK */
5479d192
NC		 1473#endif /* PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE */
1474 {
6f1401dc
DM		 1475 NV right = SvNV_nomg(svr);
1476 NV left = SvNV_nomg(svl);
4efa5a16 1477 (void)POPs;(void)POPs;
ebc6a117
PD		 1478#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
1479 if (! Perl_isnan(right) && right == 0.0)
1480#else
5479d192 1481 if (right == 0.0)
ebc6a117 1482#endif
5479d192
NC		 1483 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
1484 PUSHn( left / right );
1485 RETURN;
79072805 1486 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1487}
1488
1489PP(pp_modulo)
1490{
6f1401dc
DM		 1491 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
1492 tryAMAGICbin_MG(modulo_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
a0d0e21e 1493 {
9c5ffd7c
JH		 1494 UV left = 0;
1495 UV right = 0;
dc656993
JH		 1496 bool left_neg = FALSE;
1497 bool right_neg = FALSE;
e2c88acc
NC		 1498 bool use_double = FALSE;
1499 bool dright_valid = FALSE;
9c5ffd7c
JH		 1500 NV dright = 0.0;
1501 NV dleft = 0.0;
6f1401dc
DM		 1502 SV * const svr = TOPs;
1503 SV * const svl = TOPm1s;
01f91bf2 1504 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr)) {
800401ee 1505 right_neg = !SvUOK(svr);
e2c88acc 1506 if (!right_neg) {
800401ee 1507 right = SvUVX(svr);
e2c88acc 1508 } else {
800401ee 1509 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
e2c88acc
NC		 1510 if (biv >= 0) {
1511 right = biv;
1512 right_neg = FALSE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1513 } else {
1514 right = -biv;
1515 }
1516 }
1517 }
1518 else {
6f1401dc 1519 dright = SvNV_nomg(svr);
787eafbd
IZ		 1520 right_neg = dright < 0;
1521 if (right_neg)
1522 dright = -dright;
e2c88acc
NC		 1523 if (dright < UV_MAX_P1) {
1524 right = U_V(dright);
1525 dright_valid = TRUE; /* In case we need to use double below. */
1526 } else {
1527 use_double = TRUE;
1528 }
787eafbd 1529 }
a0d0e21e 1530
e2c88acc
NC		 1531 /* At this point use_double is only true if right is out of range for
1532 a UV. In range NV has been rounded down to nearest UV and
1533 use_double false. */
01f91bf2 1534 if (!use_double && SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
800401ee 1535 left_neg = !SvUOK(svl);
e2c88acc 1536 if (!left_neg) {
800401ee 1537 left = SvUVX(svl);
e2c88acc 1538 } else {
800401ee 1539 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
e2c88acc
NC		 1540 if (aiv >= 0) {
1541 left = aiv;
1542 left_neg = FALSE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1543 } else {
1544 left = -aiv;
1545 }
1546 }
e2c88acc 1547 }
787eafbd 1548 else {
6f1401dc 1549 dleft = SvNV_nomg(svl);
787eafbd
IZ		 1550 left_neg = dleft < 0;
1551 if (left_neg)
1552 dleft = -dleft;
68dc0745 1553
e2c88acc
NC		 1554 /* This should be exactly the 5.6 behaviour - if left and right are
1555 both in range for UV then use U_V() rather than floor. */
1556 if (!use_double) {
1557 if (dleft < UV_MAX_P1) {
1558 /* right was in range, so is dleft, so use UVs not double.
1559 */
1560 left = U_V(dleft);
1561 }
1562 /* left is out of range for UV, right was in range, so promote
1563 right (back) to double. */
1564 else {
1565 /* The +0.5 is used in 5.6 even though it is not strictly
1566 consistent with the implicit +0 floor in the U_V()
1567 inside the #if 1. */
1568 dleft = Perl_floor(dleft + 0.5);
1569 use_double = TRUE;
1570 if (dright_valid)
1571 dright = Perl_floor(dright + 0.5);
1572 else
1573 dright = right;
1574 }
1575 }
1576 }
6f1401dc 1577 sp -= 2;
787eafbd 1578 if (use_double) {
65202027 1579 NV dans;
787eafbd 1580
787eafbd 1581 if (!dright)
cea2e8a9 1582 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
787eafbd 1583
65202027 1584 dans = Perl_fmod(dleft, dright);
787eafbd
IZ		 1585 if ((left_neg != right_neg) && dans)
1586 dans = dright - dans;
1587 if (right_neg)
1588 dans = -dans;
1589 sv_setnv(TARG, dans);
1590 }
1591 else {
1592 UV ans;
1593
787eafbd 1594 if (!right)
cea2e8a9 1595 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
787eafbd
IZ		 1596
1597 ans = left % right;
1598 if ((left_neg != right_neg) && ans)
1599 ans = right - ans;
1600 if (right_neg) {
1601 /* XXX may warn: unary minus operator applied to unsigned type */
1602 /* could change -foo to be (~foo)+1 instead */
1603 if (ans <= ~((UV)IV_MAX)+1)
1604 sv_setiv(TARG, ~ans+1);
1605 else
65202027 1606 sv_setnv(TARG, -(NV)ans);
787eafbd
IZ		 1607 }
1608 else
1609 sv_setuv(TARG, ans);
1610 }
1611 PUSHTARG;
1612 RETURN;
79072805 1613 }
a0d0e21e 1614}
79072805 1615
a0d0e21e
LW		 1616PP(pp_repeat)
1617{
6f1401dc 1618 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
eb578fdb 1619 IV count;
6f1401dc
DM		 1620 SV *sv;
1621
1622 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY && PL_op->op_private & OPpREPEAT_DOLIST) {
1623 /* TODO: think of some way of doing list-repeat overloading ??? */
1624 sv = POPs;
1625 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
1626 }
1627 else {
1628 tryAMAGICbin_MG(repeat_amg, AMGf_assign);
1629 sv = POPs;
1630 }
1631
2b573ace
JH		 1632 if (SvIOKp(sv)) {
1633 if (SvUOK(sv)) {
6f1401dc 1634 const UV uv = SvUV_nomg(sv);
2b573ace
JH		 1635 if (uv > IV_MAX)
1636 count = IV_MAX; /* The best we can do? */
1637 else
1638 count = uv;
1639 } else {
6f1401dc 1640 const IV iv = SvIV_nomg(sv);
2b573ace
JH		 1641 if (iv < 0)
1642 count = 0;
1643 else
1644 count = iv;
1645 }
1646 }
1647 else if (SvNOKp(sv)) {
6f1401dc 1648 const NV nv = SvNV_nomg(sv);
2b573ace
JH		 1649 if (nv < 0.0)
1650 count = 0;
1651 else
1652 count = (IV)nv;
1653 }
1654 else
6f1401dc
DM		 1655 count = SvIV_nomg(sv);
1656
533c011a 1657 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY && PL_op->op_private & OPpREPEAT_DOLIST) {
a0d0e21e 1658 dMARK;
a1894d81 1659 static const char* const oom_list_extend = "Out of memory during list extend";
0bd48802
AL		 1660 const I32 items = SP - MARK;
1661 const I32 max = items * count;
79072805 1662
2b573ace
JH		 1663 MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(max, SV*, oom_list_extend);
1664 /* Did the max computation overflow? */
27d5b266 1665 if (items > 0 && max > 0 && (max < items || max < count))
0157ef98 1666 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", oom_list_extend);
a0d0e21e
LW		 1667 MEXTEND(MARK, max);
1668 if (count > 1) {
1669 while (SP > MARK) {
976c8a39
JH		 1670#if 0
1671 /* This code was intended to fix 20010809.028:
1672
1673 $x = 'abcd';
1674 for (($x =~ /./g) x 2) {
1675 print chop; # "abcdabcd" expected as output.
1676 }
1677
1678 * but that change (#11635) broke this code:
1679
1680 $x = [("foo")x2]; # only one "foo" ended up in the anonlist.
1681
1682 * I can't think of a better fix that doesn't introduce
1683 * an efficiency hit by copying the SVs. The stack isn't
1684 * refcounted, and mortalisation obviously doesn't
1685 * Do The Right Thing when the stack has more than
1686 * one pointer to the same mortal value.
1687 * .robin.
1688 */
e30acc16
RH		 1689 if (*SP) {
1690 *SP = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(*SP));
1691 SvREADONLY_on(*SP);
1692 }
976c8a39
JH		 1693#else
1694 if (*SP)
1695 SvTEMP_off((*SP));
1696#endif
a0d0e21e 1697 SP--;
79072805 1698 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1699 MARK++;
1700 repeatcpy((char*)(MARK + items), (char*)MARK,
ad64d0ec 1701 items * sizeof(const SV *), count - 1);
a0d0e21e 1702 SP += max;
79072805 1703 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1704 else if (count <= 0)
1705 SP -= items;
79072805 1706 }
a0d0e21e 1707 else { /* Note: mark already snarfed by pp_list */
0bd48802 1708 SV * const tmpstr = POPs;
a0d0e21e 1709 STRLEN len;
9b877dbb 1710 bool isutf;
a1894d81 1711 static const char* const oom_string_extend =
2b573ace 1712 "Out of memory during string extend";
a0d0e21e 1713
6f1401dc
DM		 1714 if (TARG != tmpstr)
1715 sv_setsv_nomg(TARG, tmpstr);
1716 SvPV_force_nomg(TARG, len);
9b877dbb 1717 isutf = DO_UTF8(TARG);
8ebc5c01 1718 if (count != 1) {
1719 if (count < 1)
1720 SvCUR_set(TARG, 0);
1721 else {
c445ea15 1722 const STRLEN max = (UV)count * len;
19a94d75 1723 if (len > MEM_SIZE_MAX / count)
0157ef98 1724 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", oom_string_extend);
2b573ace 1725 MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(max, char, oom_string_extend);
8569b9dc 1726 SvGROW(TARG, max + 1);
a0d0e21e 1727 repeatcpy(SvPVX(TARG) + len, SvPVX(TARG), len, count - 1);
b162af07 1728 SvCUR_set(TARG, SvCUR(TARG) * count);
7a4c00b4 1729 }
a0d0e21e 1730 *SvEND(TARG) = '\0';
a0d0e21e 1731 }
dfcb284a
GS		 1732 if (isutf)
1733 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(TARG);
1734 else
1735 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
b80b6069
RH		 1736
1737 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpREPEAT_DOLIST) {
1738 /* The parser saw this as a list repeat, and there
1739 are probably several items on the stack. But we're
1740 in scalar context, and there's no pp_list to save us
1741 now. So drop the rest of the items -- robin@kitsite.com
1742 */
1743 dMARK;
1744 SP = MARK;
1745 }
a0d0e21e 1746 PUSHTARG;
79072805 1747 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 1748 RETURN;
1749}
79072805 1750
a0d0e21e
LW		 1751PP(pp_subtract)
1752{
800401ee 1753 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; bool useleft; SV *svl, *svr;
6f1401dc
DM		 1754 tryAMAGICbin_MG(subtr_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
1755 svr = TOPs;
1756 svl = TOPm1s;
800401ee 1757 useleft = USE_LEFT(svl);
28e5dec8 1758#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
7dca457a
NC		 1759 /* See comments in pp_add (in pp_hot.c) about Overflow, and how
1760 "bad things" happen if you rely on signed integers wrapping. */
01f91bf2 1761 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svr)) {
28e5dec8
JH		 1762 /* Unless the left argument is integer in range we are going to have to
1763 use NV maths. Hence only attempt to coerce the right argument if
1764 we know the left is integer. */
eb578fdb 1765 UV auv = 0;
9c5ffd7c 1766 bool auvok = FALSE;
7dca457a
NC		 1767 bool a_valid = 0;
1768
28e5dec8 1769 if (!useleft) {
7dca457a
NC		 1770 auv = 0;
1771 a_valid = auvok = 1;
1772 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero. */
28e5dec8
JH		 1773 } else {
1774 /* Left operand is defined, so is it IV? */
01f91bf2 1775 if (SvIV_please_nomg(svl)) {
800401ee
JH		 1776 if ((auvok = SvUOK(svl)))
1777 auv = SvUVX(svl);
7dca457a 1778 else {
eb578fdb 1779 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
7dca457a
NC		 1780 if (aiv >= 0) {
1781 auv = aiv;
1782 auvok = 1; /* Now acting as a sign flag. */
1783 } else { /* 2s complement assumption for IV_MIN */
1784 auv = (UV)-aiv;
28e5dec8 1785 }
7dca457a
NC		 1786 }
1787 a_valid = 1;
1788 }
1789 }
1790 if (a_valid) {
1791 bool result_good = 0;
1792 UV result;
eb578fdb 1793 UV buv;
800401ee 1794 bool buvok = SvUOK(svr);
9041c2e3 1795
7dca457a 1796 if (buvok)
800401ee 1797 buv = SvUVX(svr);
7dca457a 1798 else {
eb578fdb 1799 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
7dca457a
NC		 1800 if (biv >= 0) {
1801 buv = biv;
1802 buvok = 1;
1803 } else
1804 buv = (UV)-biv;
1805 }
1806 /* ?uvok if value is >= 0. basically, flagged as UV if it's +ve,
602f51c4 1807 else "IV" now, independent of how it came in.
7dca457a
NC		 1808 if a, b represents positive, A, B negative, a maps to -A etc
1809 a - b => (a - b)
1810 A - b => -(a + b)
1811 a - B => (a + b)
1812 A - B => -(a - b)
1813 all UV maths. negate result if A negative.
1814 subtract if signs same, add if signs differ. */
1815
1816 if (auvok ^ buvok) {
1817 /* Signs differ. */
1818 result = auv + buv;
1819 if (result >= auv)
1820 result_good = 1;
1821 } else {
1822 /* Signs same */
1823 if (auv >= buv) {
1824 result = auv - buv;
1825 /* Must get smaller */
1826 if (result <= auv)
1827 result_good = 1;
1828 } else {
1829 result = buv - auv;
1830 if (result <= buv) {
1831 /* result really should be -(auv-buv). as its negation
1832 of true value, need to swap our result flag */
1833 auvok = !auvok;
1834 result_good = 1;
28e5dec8 1835 }
28e5dec8
JH		 1836 }
1837 }
7dca457a
NC		 1838 if (result_good) {
1839 SP--;
1840 if (auvok)
1841 SETu( result );
1842 else {
1843 /* Negate result */
1844 if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
1845 SETi( -(IV)result );
1846 else {
1847 /* result valid, but out of range for IV. */
1848 SETn( -(NV)result );
1849 }
1850 }
1851 RETURN;
1852 } /* Overflow, drop through to NVs. */
28e5dec8
JH		 1853 }
1854 }
1855#endif
a0d0e21e 1856 {
6f1401dc 1857 NV value = SvNV_nomg(svr);
4efa5a16
RD		 1858 (void)POPs;
1859
28e5dec8
JH		 1860 if (!useleft) {
1861 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero - value */
1862 SETn(-value);
1863 RETURN;
1864 }
6f1401dc 1865 SETn( SvNV_nomg(svl) - value );
28e5dec8 1866 RETURN;
79072805 1867 }
a0d0e21e 1868}
79072805 1869
a0d0e21e
LW		 1870PP(pp_left_shift)
1871{
6f1401dc 1872 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
a42d0242 1873 tryAMAGICbin_MG(lshift_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
6f1401dc
DM		 1874 svr = POPs;
1875 svl = TOPs;
a0d0e21e 1876 {
6f1401dc 1877 const IV shift = SvIV_nomg(svr);
d0ba1bd2 1878 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
6f1401dc 1879 const IV i = SvIV_nomg(svl);
972b05a9 1880 SETi(i << shift);
d0ba1bd2
JH		 1881 }
1882 else {
6f1401dc 1883 const UV u = SvUV_nomg(svl);
972b05a9 1884 SETu(u << shift);
d0ba1bd2 1885 }
55497cff 1886 RETURN;
79072805 1887 }
a0d0e21e 1888}
79072805 1889
a0d0e21e
LW		 1890PP(pp_right_shift)
1891{
6f1401dc 1892 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
a42d0242 1893 tryAMAGICbin_MG(rshift_amg, AMGf_assign|AMGf_numeric);
6f1401dc
DM		 1894 svr = POPs;
1895 svl = TOPs;
a0d0e21e 1896 {
6f1401dc 1897 const IV shift = SvIV_nomg(svr);
d0ba1bd2 1898 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
6f1401dc 1899 const IV i = SvIV_nomg(svl);
972b05a9 1900 SETi(i >> shift);
d0ba1bd2
JH		 1901 }
1902 else {
6f1401dc 1903 const UV u = SvUV_nomg(svl);
972b05a9 1904 SETu(u >> shift);
d0ba1bd2 1905 }
a0d0e21e 1906 RETURN;
93a17b20 1907 }
79072805
LW		 1908}
1909
a0d0e21e 1910PP(pp_lt)
79072805 1911{
6f1401dc 1912 dVAR; dSP;
33efebe6
DM		 1913 SV *left, *right;
1914
a42d0242 1915 tryAMAGICbin_MG(lt_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
33efebe6
DM		 1916 right = POPs;
1917 left = TOPs;
1918 SETs(boolSV(
1919 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
1920 ? (SvIVX(left) < SvIVX(right))
1921 : (do_ncmp(left, right) == -1)
1922 ));
1923 RETURN;
a0d0e21e 1924}
79072805 1925
a0d0e21e
LW		 1926PP(pp_gt)
1927{
6f1401dc 1928 dVAR; dSP;
33efebe6 1929 SV *left, *right;
1b6737cc 1930
33efebe6
DM		 1931 tryAMAGICbin_MG(gt_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
1932 right = POPs;
1933 left = TOPs;
1934 SETs(boolSV(
1935 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
1936 ? (SvIVX(left) > SvIVX(right))
1937 : (do_ncmp(left, right) == 1)
1938 ));
1939 RETURN;
a0d0e21e
LW		 1940}
1941
1942PP(pp_le)
1943{
6f1401dc 1944 dVAR; dSP;
33efebe6 1945 SV *left, *right;
1b6737cc 1946
33efebe6
DM		 1947 tryAMAGICbin_MG(le_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
1948 right = POPs;
1949 left = TOPs;
1950 SETs(boolSV(
1951 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
1952 ? (SvIVX(left) <= SvIVX(right))
1953 : (do_ncmp(left, right) <= 0)
1954 ));
1955 RETURN;
a0d0e21e
LW		 1956}
1957
1958PP(pp_ge)
1959{
6f1401dc 1960 dVAR; dSP;
33efebe6
DM		 1961 SV *left, *right;
1962
1963 tryAMAGICbin_MG(ge_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
1964 right = POPs;
1965 left = TOPs;
1966 SETs(boolSV(
1967 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
1968 ? (SvIVX(left) >= SvIVX(right))
1969 : ( (do_ncmp(left, right) & 2) == 0)
1970 ));
1971 RETURN;
1972}
1b6737cc 1973
33efebe6
DM		 1974PP(pp_ne)
1975{
1976 dVAR; dSP;
1977 SV *left, *right;
1978
1979 tryAMAGICbin_MG(ne_amg, AMGf_set|AMGf_numeric);
1980 right = POPs;
1981 left = TOPs;
1982 SETs(boolSV(
1983 (SvIOK_notUV(left) && SvIOK_notUV(right))
1984 ? (SvIVX(left) != SvIVX(right))
1985 : (do_ncmp(left, right) != 0)
1986 ));
1987 RETURN;
1988}
1b6737cc 1989
33efebe6
DM		 1990/* compare left and right SVs. Returns:
1991 * -1: <
1992 * 0: ==
1993 * 1: >
1994 * 2: left or right was a NaN
1995 */
1996I32
1997Perl_do_ncmp(pTHX_ SV* const left, SV * const right)
1998{
1999 dVAR;
1b6737cc 2000
33efebe6
DM		 2001 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DO_NCMP;
2002#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
33efebe6 2003 /* Fortunately it seems NaN isn't IOK */
01f91bf2 2004 if (SvIV_please_nomg(right) && SvIV_please_nomg(left)) {
33efebe6
DM		 2005 if (!SvUOK(left)) {
2006 const IV leftiv = SvIVX(left);
2007 if (!SvUOK(right)) {
2008 /* ## IV <=> IV ## */
2009 const IV rightiv = SvIVX(right);
2010 return (leftiv > rightiv) - (leftiv < rightiv);
28e5dec8 2011 }
33efebe6
DM		 2012 /* ## IV <=> UV ## */
2013 if (leftiv < 0)
2014 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >=0, so it must be < */
2015 return -1;
2016 {
2017 const UV rightuv = SvUVX(right);
2018 return ((UV)leftiv > rightuv) - ((UV)leftiv < rightuv);
28e5dec8 2019 }
28e5dec8 2020 }
79072805 2021
33efebe6
DM		 2022 if (SvUOK(right)) {
2023 /* ## UV <=> UV ## */
2024 const UV leftuv = SvUVX(left);
2025 const UV rightuv = SvUVX(right);
2026 return (leftuv > rightuv) - (leftuv < rightuv);
28e5dec8 2027 }
33efebe6
DM		 2028 /* ## UV <=> IV ## */
2029 {
2030 const IV rightiv = SvIVX(right);
2031 if (rightiv < 0)
2032 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >=0, so it cannot be < */
2033 return 1;
2034 {
2035 const UV leftuv = SvUVX(left);
2036 return (leftuv > (UV)rightiv) - (leftuv < (UV)rightiv);
28e5dec8 2037 }
28e5dec8 2038 }
118e2215 2039 assert(0); /* NOTREACHED */
28e5dec8
JH		 2040 }
2041#endif
a0d0e21e 2042 {
33efebe6
DM		 2043 NV const rnv = SvNV_nomg(right);
2044 NV const lnv = SvNV_nomg(left);
2045
cab190d4 2046#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
33efebe6
DM		 2047 if (Perl_isnan(lnv) || Perl_isnan(rnv)) {
2048 return 2;
2049 }
2050 return (lnv > rnv) - (lnv < rnv);
cab190d4 2051#else
33efebe6
DM		 2052 if (lnv < rnv)
2053 return -1;
2054 if (lnv > rnv)
2055 return 1;
2056 if (lnv == rnv)
2057 return 0;
2058 return 2;
cab190d4 2059#endif
a0d0e21e 2060 }
79072805
LW		 2061}
2062
33efebe6 2063
a0d0e21e 2064PP(pp_ncmp)
79072805 2065{
33efebe6
DM		 2066 dVAR; dSP;
2067 SV *left, *right;
2068 I32 value;
a42d0242 2069 tryAMAGICbin_MG(ncmp_amg, AMGf_numeric);
33efebe6
DM		 2070 right = POPs;
2071 left = TOPs;
2072 value = do_ncmp(left, right);
2073 if (value == 2) {
3280af22 2074 SETs(&PL_sv_undef);
79072805 2075 }
33efebe6
DM		 2076 else {
2077 dTARGET;
2078 SETi(value);
2079 }
2080 RETURN;
a0d0e21e 2081}
79072805 2082
afd9910b 2083PP(pp_sle)
a0d0e21e 2084{
97aff369 2085 dVAR; dSP;
79072805 2086
afd9910b
NC		 2087 int amg_type = sle_amg;
2088 int multiplier = 1;
2089 int rhs = 1;
79072805 2090
afd9910b
NC		 2091 switch (PL_op->op_type) {
2092 case OP_SLT:
2093 amg_type = slt_amg;
2094 /* cmp < 0 */
2095 rhs = 0;
2096 break;
2097 case OP_SGT:
2098 amg_type = sgt_amg;
2099 /* cmp > 0 */
2100 multiplier = -1;
2101 rhs = 0;
2102 break;
2103 case OP_SGE:
2104 amg_type = sge_amg;
2105 /* cmp >= 0 */
2106 multiplier = -1;
2107 break;
79072805 2108 }
79072805 2109
6f1401dc 2110 tryAMAGICbin_MG(amg_type, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2111 {
2112 dPOPTOPssrl;
1b6737cc 2113 const int cmp = (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME
078504b2
FC		 2114 ? sv_cmp_locale_flags(left, right, 0)
2115 : sv_cmp_flags(left, right, 0));
afd9910b 2116 SETs(boolSV(cmp * multiplier < rhs));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2117 RETURN;
2118 }
2119}
79072805 2120
36477c24 2121PP(pp_seq)
2122{
6f1401dc
DM		 2123 dVAR; dSP;
2124 tryAMAGICbin_MG(seq_amg, AMGf_set);
36477c24 2125 {
2126 dPOPTOPssrl;
078504b2 2127 SETs(boolSV(sv_eq_flags(left, right, 0)));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2128 RETURN;
2129 }
2130}
79072805 2131
a0d0e21e 2132PP(pp_sne)
79072805 2133{
6f1401dc
DM		 2134 dVAR; dSP;
2135 tryAMAGICbin_MG(sne_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2136 {
2137 dPOPTOPssrl;
078504b2 2138 SETs(boolSV(!sv_eq_flags(left, right, 0)));
a0d0e21e 2139 RETURN;
463ee0b2 2140 }
79072805
LW		 2141}
2142
a0d0e21e 2143PP(pp_scmp)
79072805 2144{
6f1401dc
DM		 2145 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2146 tryAMAGICbin_MG(scmp_amg, 0);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2147 {
2148 dPOPTOPssrl;
1b6737cc 2149 const int cmp = (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME
078504b2
FC		 2150 ? sv_cmp_locale_flags(left, right, 0)
2151 : sv_cmp_flags(left, right, 0));
bbce6d69 2152 SETi( cmp );
a0d0e21e
LW		 2153 RETURN;
2154 }
2155}
79072805 2156
55497cff 2157PP(pp_bit_and)
2158{
6f1401dc
DM		 2159 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2160 tryAMAGICbin_MG(band_amg, AMGf_assign);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2161 {
2162 dPOPTOPssrl;
4633a7c4 2163 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
b20c4ee1
FC		 2164 const bool left_ro_nonnum = !SvNIOKp(left) && SvREADONLY(left);
2165 const bool right_ro_nonnum = !SvNIOKp(right) && SvREADONLY(right);
d0ba1bd2 2166 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1b6737cc 2167 const IV i = SvIV_nomg(left) & SvIV_nomg(right);
972b05a9 2168 SETi(i);
d0ba1bd2
JH		 2169 }
2170 else {
1b6737cc 2171 const UV u = SvUV_nomg(left) & SvUV_nomg(right);
972b05a9 2172 SETu(u);
d0ba1bd2 2173 }
5ee80e13 2174 if (left_ro_nonnum && left != TARG) SvNIOK_off(left);
b20c4ee1 2175 if (right_ro_nonnum) SvNIOK_off(right);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2176 }
2177 else {
533c011a 2178 do_vop(PL_op->op_type, TARG, left, right);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2179 SETTARG;
2180 }
2181 RETURN;
2182 }
2183}
79072805 2184
a0d0e21e
LW		 2185PP(pp_bit_or)
2186{
3658c1f1
NC		 2187 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2188 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
2189
6f1401dc 2190 tryAMAGICbin_MG((op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? bor_amg : bxor_amg), AMGf_assign);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2191 {
2192 dPOPTOPssrl;
4633a7c4 2193 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
b20c4ee1
FC		 2194 const bool left_ro_nonnum = !SvNIOKp(left) && SvREADONLY(left);
2195 const bool right_ro_nonnum = !SvNIOKp(right) && SvREADONLY(right);
d0ba1bd2 2196 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
3658c1f1
NC		 2197 const IV l = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvIV_nomg(left) : 0);
2198 const IV r = SvIV_nomg(right);
2199 const IV result = op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? (l | r) : (l ^ r);
2200 SETi(result);
d0ba1bd2
JH		 2201 }
2202 else {
3658c1f1
NC		 2203 const UV l = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvUV_nomg(left) : 0);
2204 const UV r = SvUV_nomg(right);
2205 const UV result = op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? (l | r) : (l ^ r);
2206 SETu(result);
d0ba1bd2 2207 }
5ee80e13 2208 if (left_ro_nonnum && left != TARG) SvNIOK_off(left);
b20c4ee1 2209 if (right_ro_nonnum) SvNIOK_off(right);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2210 }
2211 else {
3658c1f1 2212 do_vop(op_type, TARG, left, right);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2213 SETTARG;
2214 }
2215 RETURN;
79072805 2216 }
a0d0e21e 2217}
79072805 2218
1c2b3fd6
FC		 2219PERL_STATIC_INLINE bool
2220S_negate_string(pTHX)
2221{
2222 dTARGET; dSP;
2223 STRLEN len;
2224 const char *s;
2225 SV * const sv = TOPs;
2226 if (!SvPOKp(sv) || SvNIOK(sv) || (!SvPOK(sv) && SvNIOKp(sv)))
2227 return FALSE;
2228 s = SvPV_nomg_const(sv, len);
2229 if (isIDFIRST(*s)) {
2230 sv_setpvs(TARG, "-");
2231 sv_catsv(TARG, sv);
2232 }
2233 else if (*s == '+' || (*s == '-' && !looks_like_number(sv))) {
2234 sv_setsv_nomg(TARG, sv);
2235 *SvPV_force_nomg(TARG, len) = *s == '-' ? '+' : '-';
2236 }
2237 else return FALSE;
2238 SETTARG; PUTBACK;
2239 return TRUE;
2240}
2241
a0d0e21e
LW		 2242PP(pp_negate)
2243{
6f1401dc
DM		 2244 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2245 tryAMAGICun_MG(neg_amg, AMGf_numeric);
1c2b3fd6 2246 if (S_negate_string(aTHX)) return NORMAL;
a0d0e21e 2247 {
6f1401dc 2248 SV * const sv = TOPs;
a5b92898 2249
d96ab1b5 2250 if (SvIOK(sv)) {
7dbe3150 2251 /* It's publicly an integer */
28e5dec8 2252 oops_its_an_int:
9b0e499b
GS		 2253 if (SvIsUV(sv)) {
2254 if (SvIVX(sv) == IV_MIN) {
28e5dec8 2255 /* 2s complement assumption. */
d14578b8
KW		 2256 SETi(SvIVX(sv)); /* special case: -((UV)IV_MAX+1) ==
2257 IV_MIN */
9b0e499b
GS		 2258 RETURN;
2259 }
2260 else if (SvUVX(sv) <= IV_MAX) {
beccb14c 2261 SETi(-SvIVX(sv));
9b0e499b
GS		 2262 RETURN;
2263 }
2264 }
2265 else if (SvIVX(sv) != IV_MIN) {
2266 SETi(-SvIVX(sv));
2267 RETURN;
2268 }
28e5dec8
JH		 2269#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2270 else {
2271 SETu((UV)IV_MIN);
2272 RETURN;
2273 }
2274#endif
9b0e499b 2275 }
8a5decd8 2276 if (SvNIOKp(sv) && (SvNIOK(sv) || !SvPOK(sv)))
6f1401dc 2277 SETn(-SvNV_nomg(sv));
1c2b3fd6 2278 else if (SvPOKp(sv) && SvIV_please_nomg(sv))
8eb28a70 2279 goto oops_its_an_int;
4633a7c4 2280 else
6f1401dc 2281 SETn(-SvNV_nomg(sv));
79072805 2282 }
a0d0e21e 2283 RETURN;
79072805
LW		 2284}
2285
a0d0e21e 2286PP(pp_not)
79072805 2287{
6f1401dc
DM		 2288 dVAR; dSP;
2289 tryAMAGICun_MG(not_amg, AMGf_set);
06c841cf 2290 *PL_stack_sp = boolSV(!SvTRUE_nomg(*PL_stack_sp));
a0d0e21e 2291 return NORMAL;
79072805
LW		 2292}
2293
a0d0e21e 2294PP(pp_complement)
79072805 2295{
6f1401dc 2296 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
a42d0242 2297 tryAMAGICun_MG(compl_amg, AMGf_numeric);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2298 {
2299 dTOPss;
4633a7c4 2300 if (SvNIOKp(sv)) {
d0ba1bd2 2301 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1b6737cc 2302 const IV i = ~SvIV_nomg(sv);
972b05a9 2303 SETi(i);
d0ba1bd2
JH		 2304 }
2305 else {
1b6737cc 2306 const UV u = ~SvUV_nomg(sv);
972b05a9 2307 SETu(u);
d0ba1bd2 2308 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 2309 }
2310 else {
eb578fdb
KW		 2311 U8 *tmps;
2312 I32 anum;
a0d0e21e
LW		 2313 STRLEN len;
2314
10516c54 2315 (void)SvPV_nomg_const(sv,len); /* force check for uninit var */
891f9566 2316 sv_setsv_nomg(TARG, sv);
6f1401dc 2317 tmps = (U8*)SvPV_force_nomg(TARG, len);
a0d0e21e 2318 anum = len;
1d68d6cd 2319 if (SvUTF8(TARG)) {
a1ca4561 2320 /* Calculate exact length, let's not estimate. */
1d68d6cd 2321 STRLEN targlen = 0;
ba210ebe 2322 STRLEN l;
a1ca4561
YST		 2323 UV nchar = 0;
2324 UV nwide = 0;
01f6e806 2325 U8 * const send = tmps + len;
74d49cd0
TS		 2326 U8 * const origtmps = tmps;
2327 const UV utf8flags = UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV;
1d68d6cd 2328
1d68d6cd 2329 while (tmps < send) {
74d49cd0
TS		 2330 const UV c = utf8n_to_uvchr(tmps, send-tmps, &l, utf8flags);
2331 tmps += l;
5bbb0b5a 2332 targlen += UNISKIP(~c);
a1ca4561
YST		 2333 nchar++;
2334 if (c > 0xff)
2335 nwide++;
1d68d6cd
SC		 2336 }
2337
2338 /* Now rewind strings and write them. */
74d49cd0 2339 tmps = origtmps;
a1ca4561
YST		 2340
2341 if (nwide) {
01f6e806
AL		 2342 U8 *result;
2343 U8 *p;
2344
74d49cd0 2345 Newx(result, targlen + 1, U8);
01f6e806 2346 p = result;
a1ca4561 2347 while (tmps < send) {
74d49cd0
TS		 2348 const UV c = utf8n_to_uvchr(tmps, send-tmps, &l, utf8flags);
2349 tmps += l;
01f6e806 2350 p = uvchr_to_utf8_flags(p, ~c, UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
a1ca4561 2351 }
01f6e806 2352 *p = '\0';
c1c21316
NC		 2353 sv_usepvn_flags(TARG, (char*)result, targlen,
2354 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
a1ca4561
YST		 2355 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
2356 }
2357 else {
01f6e806
AL		 2358 U8 *result;
2359 U8 *p;
2360
74d49cd0 2361 Newx(result, nchar + 1, U8);
01f6e806 2362 p = result;
a1ca4561 2363 while (tmps < send) {
74d49cd0
TS		 2364 const U8 c = (U8)utf8n_to_uvchr(tmps, send-tmps, &l, utf8flags);
2365 tmps += l;
01f6e806 2366 *p++ = ~c;
a1ca4561 2367 }
01f6e806 2368 *p = '\0';
c1c21316 2369 sv_usepvn_flags(TARG, (char*)result, nchar, SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
d0a21e00 2370 SvUTF8_off(TARG);
1d68d6cd 2371 }
ec93b65f 2372 SETTARG;
1d68d6cd
SC		 2373 RETURN;
2374 }
a0d0e21e 2375#ifdef LIBERAL
51723571 2376 {
eb578fdb 2377 long *tmpl;
51723571
JH		 2378 for ( ; anum && (unsigned long)tmps % sizeof(long); anum--, tmps++)
2379 *tmps = ~*tmps;
2380 tmpl = (long*)tmps;
bb7a0f54 2381 for ( ; anum >= (I32)sizeof(long); anum -= (I32)sizeof(long), tmpl++)
51723571
JH		 2382 *tmpl = ~*tmpl;
2383 tmps = (U8*)tmpl;
2384 }
a0d0e21e
LW		 2385#endif
2386 for ( ; anum > 0; anum--, tmps++)
2387 *tmps = ~*tmps;
ec93b65f 2388 SETTARG;
a0d0e21e
LW		 2389 }
2390 RETURN;
2391 }
79072805
LW		 2392}
2393
a0d0e21e
LW		 2394/* integer versions of some of the above */
2395
a0d0e21e 2396PP(pp_i_multiply)
79072805 2397{
6f1401dc
DM		 2398 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2399 tryAMAGICbin_MG(mult_amg, AMGf_assign);
a0d0e21e 2400 {
6f1401dc 2401 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
a0d0e21e
LW		 2402 SETi( left * right );
2403 RETURN;
2404 }
79072805
LW		 2405}
2406
a0d0e21e 2407PP(pp_i_divide)
79072805 2408{
85935d8e 2409 IV num;
6f1401dc
DM		 2410 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2411 tryAMAGICbin_MG(div_amg, AMGf_assign);
a0d0e21e 2412 {
6f1401dc 2413 dPOPTOPssrl;
85935d8e 2414 IV value = SvIV_nomg(right);
a0d0e21e 2415 if (value == 0)
ece1bcef 2416 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
85935d8e 2417 num = SvIV_nomg(left);
a0cec769
YST		 2418
2419 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when num is IV_MIN */
2420 if (value == -1)
2421 value = - num;
2422 else
2423 value = num / value;
6f1401dc 2424 SETi(value);
a0d0e21e
LW		 2425 RETURN;
2426 }
79072805
LW		 2427}
2428
a5bd31f4 2429#if defined(__GLIBC__) && IVSIZE == 8 && !defined(PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS)
224ec323
JH		 2430STATIC
2431PP(pp_i_modulo_0)
befad5d1
NC		 2432#else
2433PP(pp_i_modulo)
2434#endif
224ec323
JH		 2435{
2436 /* This is the vanilla old i_modulo. */
6f1401dc
DM		 2437 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2438 tryAMAGICbin_MG(modulo_amg, AMGf_assign);
224ec323 2439 {
6f1401dc 2440 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
224ec323
JH		 2441 if (!right)
2442 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
a0cec769
YST		 2443 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when left is IV_MIN */
2444 if (right == -1)
2445 SETi( 0 );
2446 else
2447 SETi( left % right );
224ec323
JH		 2448 RETURN;
2449 }
2450}
2451
a5bd31f4 2452#if defined(__GLIBC__) && IVSIZE == 8 && !defined(PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS)
224ec323
JH		 2453STATIC
2454PP(pp_i_modulo_1)
befad5d1 2455
224ec323 2456{
224ec323 2457 /* This is the i_modulo with the workaround for the _moddi3 bug
fce2b89e 2458 * in (at least) glibc 2.2.5 (the PERL_ABS() the workaround).
224ec323 2459 * See below for pp_i_modulo. */
6f1401dc
DM		 2460 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2461 tryAMAGICbin_MG(modulo_amg, AMGf_assign);
224ec323 2462 {
6f1401dc 2463 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
224ec323
JH		 2464 if (!right)
2465 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
a0cec769
YST		 2466 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when left is IV_MIN */
2467 if (right == -1)
2468 SETi( 0 );
2469 else
2470 SETi( left % PERL_ABS(right) );
224ec323
JH		 2471 RETURN;
2472 }
224ec323
JH		 2473}
2474
a0d0e21e 2475PP(pp_i_modulo)
79072805 2476{
6f1401dc
DM		 2477 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2478 tryAMAGICbin_MG(modulo_amg, AMGf_assign);
224ec323 2479 {
6f1401dc 2480 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
224ec323
JH		 2481 if (!right)
2482 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
2483 /* The assumption is to use hereafter the old vanilla version... */
2484 PL_op->op_ppaddr =
2485 PL_ppaddr[OP_I_MODULO] =
1c127fab 2486 Perl_pp_i_modulo_0;
224ec323
JH		 2487 /* .. but if we have glibc, we might have a buggy _moddi3
2488 * (at least glicb 2.2.5 is known to have this bug), in other
2489 * words our integer modulus with negative quad as the second
2490 * argument might be broken. Test for this and re-patch the
2491 * opcode dispatch table if that is the case, remembering to
2492 * also apply the workaround so that this first round works
2493 * right, too. See [perl #9402] for more information. */
224ec323
JH		 2494 {
2495 IV l = 3;
2496 IV r = -10;
2497 /* Cannot do this check with inlined IV constants since
2498 * that seems to work correctly even with the buggy glibc. */
2499 if (l % r == -3) {
2500 /* Yikes, we have the bug.
2501 * Patch in the workaround version. */
2502 PL_op->op_ppaddr =
2503 PL_ppaddr[OP_I_MODULO] =
2504 &Perl_pp_i_modulo_1;
2505 /* Make certain we work right this time, too. */
32fdb065 2506 right = PERL_ABS(right);
224ec323
JH		 2507 }
2508 }
a0cec769
YST		 2509 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when left is IV_MIN */
2510 if (right == -1)
2511 SETi( 0 );
2512 else
2513 SETi( left % right );
224ec323
JH		 2514 RETURN;
2515 }
79072805 2516}
befad5d1 2517#endif
79072805 2518
a0d0e21e 2519PP(pp_i_add)
79072805 2520{
6f1401dc
DM		 2521 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2522 tryAMAGICbin_MG(add_amg, AMGf_assign);
a0d0e21e 2523 {
6f1401dc 2524 dPOPTOPiirl_ul_nomg;
a0d0e21e
LW		 2525 SETi( left + right );
2526 RETURN;
79072805 2527 }
79072805
LW		 2528}
2529
a0d0e21e 2530PP(pp_i_subtract)
79072805 2531{
6f1401dc
DM		 2532 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2533 tryAMAGICbin_MG(subtr_amg, AMGf_assign);
a0d0e21e 2534 {
6f1401dc 2535 dPOPTOPiirl_ul_nomg;
a0d0e21e
LW		 2536 SETi( left - right );
2537 RETURN;
79072805 2538 }
79072805
LW		 2539}
2540
a0d0e21e 2541PP(pp_i_lt)
79072805 2542{
6f1401dc
DM		 2543 dVAR; dSP;
2544 tryAMAGICbin_MG(lt_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e 2545 {
96b6b87f 2546 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
54310121 2547 SETs(boolSV(left < right));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2548 RETURN;
2549 }
79072805
LW		 2550}
2551
a0d0e21e 2552PP(pp_i_gt)
79072805 2553{
6f1401dc
DM		 2554 dVAR; dSP;
2555 tryAMAGICbin_MG(gt_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e 2556 {
96b6b87f 2557 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
54310121 2558 SETs(boolSV(left > right));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2559 RETURN;
2560 }
79072805
LW		 2561}
2562
a0d0e21e 2563PP(pp_i_le)
79072805 2564{
6f1401dc
DM		 2565 dVAR; dSP;
2566 tryAMAGICbin_MG(le_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e 2567 {
96b6b87f 2568 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
54310121 2569 SETs(boolSV(left <= right));
a0d0e21e 2570 RETURN;
85e6fe83 2571 }
79072805
LW		 2572}
2573
a0d0e21e 2574PP(pp_i_ge)
79072805 2575{
6f1401dc
DM		 2576 dVAR; dSP;
2577 tryAMAGICbin_MG(ge_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e 2578 {
96b6b87f 2579 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
54310121 2580 SETs(boolSV(left >= right));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2581 RETURN;
2582 }
79072805
LW		 2583}
2584
a0d0e21e 2585PP(pp_i_eq)
79072805 2586{
6f1401dc
DM		 2587 dVAR; dSP;
2588 tryAMAGICbin_MG(eq_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e 2589 {
96b6b87f 2590 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
54310121 2591 SETs(boolSV(left == right));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2592 RETURN;
2593 }
79072805
LW		 2594}
2595
a0d0e21e 2596PP(pp_i_ne)
79072805 2597{
6f1401dc
DM		 2598 dVAR; dSP;
2599 tryAMAGICbin_MG(ne_amg, AMGf_set);
a0d0e21e 2600 {
96b6b87f 2601 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
54310121 2602 SETs(boolSV(left != right));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2603 RETURN;
2604 }
79072805
LW		 2605}
2606
a0d0e21e 2607PP(pp_i_ncmp)
79072805 2608{
6f1401dc
DM		 2609 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2610 tryAMAGICbin_MG(ncmp_amg, 0);
a0d0e21e 2611 {
96b6b87f 2612 dPOPTOPiirl_nomg;
a0d0e21e 2613 I32 value;
79072805 2614
a0d0e21e 2615 if (left > right)
79072805 2616 value = 1;
a0d0e21e 2617 else if (left < right)
79072805 2618 value = -1;
a0d0e21e 2619 else
79072805 2620 value = 0;
a0d0e21e
LW		 2621 SETi(value);
2622 RETURN;
79072805 2623 }
85e6fe83
LW		 2624}
2625
2626PP(pp_i_negate)
2627{
6f1401dc
DM		 2628 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2629 tryAMAGICun_MG(neg_amg, 0);
1c2b3fd6 2630 if (S_negate_string(aTHX)) return NORMAL;
6f1401dc
DM		 2631 {
2632 SV * const sv = TOPs;
2633 IV const i = SvIV_nomg(sv);
2634 SETi(-i);
2635 RETURN;
2636 }
85e6fe83
LW		 2637}
2638
79072805
LW		 2639/* High falutin' math. */
2640
2641PP(pp_atan2)
2642{
6f1401dc
DM		 2643 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2644 tryAMAGICbin_MG(atan2_amg, 0);
a0d0e21e 2645 {
096c060c 2646 dPOPTOPnnrl_nomg;
a1021d57 2647 SETn(Perl_atan2(left, right));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2648 RETURN;
2649 }
79072805
LW		 2650}
2651
2652PP(pp_sin)
2653{
71302fe3
NC		 2654 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2655 int amg_type = sin_amg;
2656 const char *neg_report = NULL;
bc81784a 2657 NV (*func)(NV) = Perl_sin;
71302fe3
NC		 2658 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
2659
2660 switch (op_type) {
2661 case OP_COS:
2662 amg_type = cos_amg;
bc81784a 2663 func = Perl_cos;
71302fe3
NC		 2664 break;
2665 case OP_EXP:
2666 amg_type = exp_amg;
bc81784a 2667 func = Perl_exp;
71302fe3
NC		 2668 break;
2669 case OP_LOG:
2670 amg_type = log_amg;
bc81784a 2671 func = Perl_log;
71302fe3
NC		 2672 neg_report = "log";
2673 break;
2674 case OP_SQRT:
2675 amg_type = sqrt_amg;
bc81784a 2676 func = Perl_sqrt;
71302fe3
NC		 2677 neg_report = "sqrt";
2678 break;
a0d0e21e 2679 }
79072805 2680
6f1401dc
DM		 2681
2682 tryAMAGICun_MG(amg_type, 0);
a0d0e21e 2683 {
6f1401dc
DM		 2684 SV * const arg = POPs;
2685 const NV value = SvNV_nomg(arg);
71302fe3
NC		 2686 if (neg_report) {
2687 if (op_type == OP_LOG ? (value <= 0.0) : (value < 0.0)) {
2688 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
dcbac5bb 2689 /* diag_listed_as: Can't take log of %g */
71302fe3
NC		 2690 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't take %s of %"NVgf, neg_report, value);
2691 }
2692 }
2693 XPUSHn(func(value));
a0d0e21e
LW		 2694 RETURN;
2695 }
79072805
LW		 2696}
2697
56cb0a1c
AD		 2698/* Support Configure command-line overrides for rand() functions.
2699 After 5.005, perhaps we should replace this by Configure support
2700 for drand48(), random(), or rand(). For 5.005, though, maintain
2701 compatibility by calling rand() but allow the user to override it.
2702 See INSTALL for details. --Andy Dougherty 15 July 1998
2703*/
85ab1d1d
JH		 2704/* Now it's after 5.005, and Configure supports drand48() and random(),
2705 in addition to rand(). So the overrides should not be needed any more.
2706 --Jarkko Hietaniemi 27 September 1998
2707 */
2708
2709#ifndef HAS_DRAND48_PROTO
20ce7b12 2710extern double drand48 (void);
56cb0a1c
AD		 2711#endif
2712
79072805
LW		 2713PP(pp_rand)
2714{
fdf4dddd 2715 dVAR;
80252599 2716 if (!PL_srand_called) {
85ab1d1d 2717 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)seed());
80252599 2718 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
93dc8474 2719 }
fdf4dddd
DD		 2720 {
2721 dSP;
2722 NV value;
2723 EXTEND(SP, 1);
2724
2725 if (MAXARG < 1)
2726 value = 1.0;
2727 else {
2728 SV * const sv = POPs;
2729 if(!sv)
2730 value = 1.0;
2731 else
2732 value = SvNV(sv);
2733 }
2734 /* 1 of 2 things can be carried through SvNV, SP or TARG, SP was carried */
2735 if (value == 0.0)
2736 value = 1.0;
2737 {
2738 dTARGET;
2739 PUSHs(TARG);
2740 PUTBACK;
2741 value *= Drand01();
2742 sv_setnv_mg(TARG, value);
2743 }
2744 }
2745 return NORMAL;
79072805
LW		 2746}
2747
2748PP(pp_srand)
2749{
83832992 2750 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
f914a682
JL		 2751 UV anum;
2752
0a5f3363 2753 if (MAXARG >= 1 && (TOPs || POPs)) {
f914a682
JL		 2754 SV *top;
2755 char *pv;
2756 STRLEN len;
2757 int flags;
2758
2759 top = POPs;
2760 pv = SvPV(top, len);
2761 flags = grok_number(pv, len, &anum);
2762
2763 if (!(flags & IS_NUMBER_IN_UV)) {
2764 Perl_ck_warner_d(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_OVERFLOW),
2765 "Integer overflow in srand");
2766 anum = UV_MAX;
2767 }
2768 }
2769 else {
2770 anum = seed();
2771 }
2772
85ab1d1d 2773 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)anum);
80252599 2774 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
da1010ec
NC		 2775 if (anum)
2776 XPUSHu(anum);
2777 else {
2778 /* Historically srand always returned true. We can avoid breaking
2779 that like this: */
2780 sv_setpvs(TARG, "0 but true");
2781 XPUSHTARG;
2782 }
83832992 2783 RETURN;
79072805
LW		 2784}
2785
79072805
LW		 2786PP(pp_int)
2787{
6f1401dc
DM		 2788 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2789 tryAMAGICun_MG(int_amg, AMGf_numeric);
774d564b 2790 {
6f1401dc
DM		 2791 SV * const sv = TOPs;
2792 const IV iv = SvIV_nomg(sv);
28e5dec8
JH		 2793 /* XXX it's arguable that compiler casting to IV might be subtly
2794 different from modf (for numbers inside (IV_MIN,UV_MAX)) in which
2795 else preferring IV has introduced a subtle behaviour change bug. OTOH
2796 relying on floating point to be accurate is a bug. */
2797
c781a409 2798 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
922c4365 2799 SETu(0);
c781a409
RD		 2800 }
2801 else if (SvIOK(sv)) {
2802 if (SvIsUV(sv))
6f1401dc 2803 SETu(SvUV_nomg(sv));
c781a409 2804 else
28e5dec8 2805 SETi(iv);
c781a409 2806 }
c781a409 2807 else {
6f1401dc 2808 const NV value = SvNV_nomg(sv);
1048ea30 2809 if (value >= 0.0) {
28e5dec8
JH		 2810 if (value < (NV)UV_MAX + 0.5) {
2811 SETu(U_V(value));
2812 } else {
059a1014 2813 SETn(Perl_floor(value));
28e5dec8 2814 }
1048ea30 2815 }
28e5dec8
JH		 2816 else {
2817 if (value > (NV)IV_MIN - 0.5) {
2818 SETi(I_V(value));
2819 } else {
1bbae031 2820 SETn(Perl_ceil(value));
28e5dec8
JH		 2821 }
2822 }
774d564b 2823 }
79072805 2824 }
79072805
LW		 2825 RETURN;
2826}
2827
463ee0b2
LW		 2828PP(pp_abs)
2829{
6f1401dc
DM		 2830 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2831 tryAMAGICun_MG(abs_amg, AMGf_numeric);
a0d0e21e 2832 {
6f1401dc 2833 SV * const sv = TOPs;
28e5dec8 2834 /* This will cache the NV value if string isn't actually integer */
6f1401dc 2835 const IV iv = SvIV_nomg(sv);
a227d84d 2836
800401ee 2837 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
922c4365 2838 SETu(0);
800401ee
JH		 2839 }
2840 else if (SvIOK(sv)) {
28e5dec8 2841 /* IVX is precise */
800401ee 2842 if (SvIsUV(sv)) {
6f1401dc 2843 SETu(SvUV_nomg(sv)); /* force it to be numeric only */
28e5dec8
JH		 2844 } else {
2845 if (iv >= 0) {
2846 SETi(iv);
2847 } else {
2848 if (iv != IV_MIN) {
2849 SETi(-iv);
2850 } else {
2851 /* 2s complement assumption. Also, not really needed as
2852 IV_MIN and -IV_MIN should both be %100...00 and NV-able */
2853 SETu(IV_MIN);
2854 }
a227d84d 2855 }
28e5dec8
JH		 2856 }
2857 } else{
6f1401dc 2858 const NV value = SvNV_nomg(sv);
774d564b 2859 if (value < 0.0)
1b6737cc 2860 SETn(-value);
a4474c9e
DD		 2861 else
2862 SETn(value);
774d564b 2863 }
a0d0e21e 2864 }
774d564b 2865 RETURN;
463ee0b2
LW		 2866}
2867
79072805
LW		 2868PP(pp_oct)
2869{
97aff369 2870 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
5c144d81 2871 const char *tmps;
53305cf1 2872 I32 flags = PERL_SCAN_ALLOW_UNDERSCORES;
6f894ead 2873 STRLEN len;
53305cf1
NC		 2874 NV result_nv;
2875 UV result_uv;
1b6737cc 2876 SV* const sv = POPs;
79072805 2877
349d4f2f 2878 tmps = (SvPV_const(sv, len));
2bc69dc4
NIS		 2879 if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
2880 /* If Unicode, try to downgrade
2881 * If not possible, croak. */
1b6737cc 2882 SV* const tsv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(sv));
2bc69dc4
NIS		 2883
2884 SvUTF8_on(tsv);
2885 sv_utf8_downgrade(tsv, FALSE);
349d4f2f 2886 tmps = SvPV_const(tsv, len);
2bc69dc4 2887 }
daa2adfd
NC		 2888 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_HEX)
2889 goto hex;
2890
6f894ead 2891 while (*tmps && len && isSPACE(*tmps))
53305cf1 2892 tmps++, len--;
9e24b6e2 2893 if (*tmps == '0')
53305cf1 2894 tmps++, len--;
a674e8db 2895 if (*tmps == 'x' || *tmps == 'X') {
daa2adfd 2896 hex:
53305cf1 2897 result_uv = grok_hex (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
daa2adfd 2898 }
a674e8db 2899 else if (*tmps == 'b' || *tmps == 'B')
53305cf1 2900 result_uv = grok_bin (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
464e2e8a 2901 else
53305cf1
NC		 2902 result_uv = grok_oct (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
2903
2904 if (flags & PERL_SCAN_GREATER_THAN_UV_MAX) {
2905 XPUSHn(result_nv);
2906 }
2907 else {
2908 XPUSHu(result_uv);
2909 }
79072805
LW		 2910 RETURN;
2911}
2912
2913/* String stuff. */
2914
2915PP(pp_length)
2916{
97aff369 2917 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
0bd48802 2918 SV * const sv = TOPs;
a0ed51b3 2919
0f43fd57
FC		 2920 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
2921 if (SvOK(sv)) {
193059ca 2922 if (!IN_BYTES)
0f43fd57 2923 SETi(sv_len_utf8_nomg(sv));
9f621bb0 2924 else
0f43fd57
FC		 2925 {
2926 STRLEN len;
2927 (void)SvPV_nomg_const(sv,len);
2928 SETi(len);
2929 }
656266fc 2930 } else {
9407f9c1
DL		 2931 if (!SvPADTMP(TARG)) {
2932 sv_setsv_nomg(TARG, &PL_sv_undef);
2933 SETTARG;
2934 }
2935 SETs(&PL_sv_undef);
92331800 2936 }
79072805
LW		 2937 RETURN;
2938}
2939
83f78d1a
FC		 2940/* Returns false if substring is completely outside original string.
2941 No length is indicated by len_iv = 0 and len_is_uv = 0. len_is_uv must
2942 always be true for an explicit 0.
2943*/
2944bool
2945Perl_translate_substr_offsets(pTHX_ STRLEN curlen, IV pos1_iv,
2946 bool pos1_is_uv, IV len_iv,
2947 bool len_is_uv, STRLEN *posp,
2948 STRLEN *lenp)
2949{
2950 IV pos2_iv;
2951 int pos2_is_uv;
2952
2953 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TRANSLATE_SUBSTR_OFFSETS;
2954
2955 if (!pos1_is_uv && pos1_iv < 0 && curlen) {
2956 pos1_is_uv = curlen-1 > ~(UV)pos1_iv;
2957 pos1_iv += curlen;
2958 }
2959 if ((pos1_is_uv || pos1_iv > 0) && (UV)pos1_iv > curlen)
2960 return FALSE;
2961
2962 if (len_iv || len_is_uv) {
2963 if (!len_is_uv && len_iv < 0) {
2964 pos2_iv = curlen + len_iv;
2965 if (curlen)
2966 pos2_is_uv = curlen-1 > ~(UV)len_iv;
2967 else
2968 pos2_is_uv = 0;
2969 } else { /* len_iv >= 0 */
2970 if (!pos1_is_uv && pos1_iv < 0) {
2971 pos2_iv = pos1_iv + len_iv;
2972 pos2_is_uv = (UV)len_iv > (UV)IV_MAX;
2973 } else {
2974 if ((UV)len_iv > curlen-(UV)pos1_iv)
2975 pos2_iv = curlen;
2976 else
2977 pos2_iv = pos1_iv+len_iv;
2978 pos2_is_uv = 1;
2979 }
2980 }
2981 }
2982 else {
2983 pos2_iv = curlen;
2984 pos2_is_uv = 1;
2985 }
2986
2987 if (!pos2_is_uv && pos2_iv < 0) {
2988 if (!pos1_is_uv && pos1_iv < 0)
2989 return FALSE;
2990 pos2_iv = 0;
2991 }
2992 else if (!pos1_is_uv && pos1_iv < 0)
2993 pos1_iv = 0;
2994
2995 if ((UV)pos2_iv < (UV)pos1_iv)
2996 pos2_iv = pos1_iv;
2997 if ((UV)pos2_iv > curlen)
2998 pos2_iv = curlen;
2999
3000 /* pos1_iv and pos2_iv both in 0..curlen, so the cast is safe */
3001 *posp = (STRLEN)( (UV)pos1_iv );
3002 *lenp = (STRLEN)( (UV)pos2_iv - (UV)pos1_iv );
3003
3004 return TRUE;
3005}
3006
79072805
LW		 3007PP(pp_substr)
3008{
97aff369 3009 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
79072805 3010 SV *sv;
463ee0b2 3011 STRLEN curlen;
9402d6ed 3012 STRLEN utf8_curlen;
777f7c56
EB		 3013 SV * pos_sv;
3014 IV pos1_iv;
3015 int pos1_is_uv;
777f7c56
EB		 3016 SV * len_sv;
3017 IV len_iv = 0;
83f78d1a 3018 int len_is_uv = 0;
24fcb59f 3019 I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
bbddc9e0 3020 const bool rvalue = (GIMME_V != G_VOID);
e1ec3a88 3021 const char *tmps;
9402d6ed 3022 SV *repl_sv = NULL;
cbbf8932 3023 const char *repl = NULL;
7b8d334a 3024 STRLEN repl_len;
7bc95ae1 3025 int num_args = PL_op->op_private & 7;
13e30c65 3026 bool repl_need_utf8_upgrade = FALSE;
79072805 3027
78f9721b
SM		 3028 if (num_args > 2) {
3029 if (num_args > 3) {
24fcb59f 3030 if(!(repl_sv = POPs)) num_args--;
7bc95ae1
FC		 3031 }
3032 if ((len_sv = POPs)) {
3033 len_iv = SvIV(len_sv);
83f78d1a 3034 len_is_uv = len_iv ? SvIOK_UV(len_sv) : 1;
7b8d334a 3035 }
7bc95ae1 3036 else num_args--;
5d82c453 3037 }
777f7c56
EB		 3038 pos_sv = POPs;
3039 pos1_iv = SvIV(pos_sv);
3040 pos1_is_uv = SvIOK_UV(pos_sv);
79072805 3041 sv = POPs;
24fcb59f
FC		 3042 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpSUBSTR_REPL_FIRST) {
3043 assert(!repl_sv);
3044 repl_sv = POPs;
3045 }
849ca7ee 3046 PUTBACK;
6582db62 3047 if (lvalue && !repl_sv) {
83f78d1a
FC		 3048 SV * ret;
3049 ret = sv_2mortal(newSV_type(SVt_PVLV)); /* Not TARG RT#67838 */
3050 sv_magic(ret, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_substr, NULL, 0);
3051 LvTYPE(ret) = 'x';
3052 LvTARG(ret) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv);
3053 LvTARGOFF(ret) =
3054 pos1_is_uv || pos1_iv >= 0
3055 ? (STRLEN)(UV)pos1_iv
3056 : (LvFLAGS(ret) |= 1, (STRLEN)(UV)-pos1_iv);
3057 LvTARGLEN(ret) =
3058 len_is_uv || len_iv > 0
3059 ? (STRLEN)(UV)len_iv
3060 : (LvFLAGS(ret) |= 2, (STRLEN)(UV)-len_iv);
3061
3062 SPAGAIN;
3063 PUSHs(ret); /* avoid SvSETMAGIC here */
3064 RETURN;
a74fb2cd 3065 }
6582db62
FC		 3066 if (repl_sv) {
3067 repl = SvPV_const(repl_sv, repl_len);
3068 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
3069 if (SvROK(sv))
3070 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SUBSTR),
3071 "Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr"
3072 );
3073 tmps = SvPV_force_nomg(sv, curlen);
3074 if (DO_UTF8(repl_sv) && repl_len) {
3075 if (!DO_UTF8(sv)) {
01680ee9 3076 sv_utf8_upgrade_nomg(sv);
6582db62
FC		 3077 curlen = SvCUR(sv);
3078 }
3079 }
3080 else if (DO_UTF8(sv))
3081 repl_need_utf8_upgrade = TRUE;
3082 }
3083 else tmps = SvPV_const(sv, curlen);
7e2040f0 3084 if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
0d788f38 3085 utf8_curlen = sv_or_pv_len_utf8(sv, tmps, curlen);
9402d6ed
JH		 3086 if (utf8_curlen == curlen)
3087 utf8_curlen = 0;
a0ed51b3 3088 else
9402d6ed 3089 curlen = utf8_curlen;
a0ed51b3 3090 }
d1c2b58a 3091 else
9402d6ed 3092 utf8_curlen = 0;
a0ed51b3 3093
83f78d1a
FC		 3094 {
3095 STRLEN pos, len, byte_len, byte_pos;
777f7c56 3096
83f78d1a
FC		 3097 if (!translate_substr_offsets(
3098 curlen, pos1_iv, pos1_is_uv, len_iv, len_is_uv, &pos, &len
3099 )) goto bound_fail;
777f7c56 3100
83f78d1a
FC		 3101 byte_len = len;
3102 byte_pos = utf8_curlen
0d788f38 3103 ? sv_or_pv_pos_u2b(sv, tmps, pos, &byte_len) : pos;
d931b1be 3104
2154eca7 3105 tmps += byte_pos;
bbddc9e0
CS		 3106
3107 if (rvalue) {
3108 SvTAINTED_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
3109 SvUTF8_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
3110 sv_setpvn(TARG, tmps, byte_len);
12aa1545 3111#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
bbddc9e0 3112 sv_unmagic(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_collxfrm);
12aa1545 3113#endif
bbddc9e0
CS		 3114 if (utf8_curlen)
3115 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
3116 }
2154eca7 3117
f7928d6c 3118 if (repl) {
13e30c65
JH		 3119 SV* repl_sv_copy = NULL;
3120
3121 if (repl_need_utf8_upgrade) {
3122 repl_sv_copy = newSVsv(repl_sv);
3123 sv_utf8_upgrade(repl_sv_copy);
349d4f2f 3124 repl = SvPV_const(repl_sv_copy, repl_len);
13e30c65 3125 }
502d9230
VP		 3126 if (!SvOK(sv))
3127 sv_setpvs(sv, "");
777f7c56 3128 sv_insert_flags(sv, byte_pos, byte_len, repl, repl_len, 0);
ef8d46e8 3129 SvREFCNT_dec(repl_sv_copy);
f7928d6c 3130 }
79072805 3131 }
849ca7ee 3132 SPAGAIN;
bbddc9e0
CS		 3133 if (rvalue) {
3134 SvSETMAGIC(TARG);
3135 PUSHs(TARG);
3136 }
79072805 3137 RETURN;
777f7c56 3138
1c900557 3139bound_fail:
83f78d1a 3140 if (repl)
777f7c56
EB		 3141 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "substr outside of string");
3142 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SUBSTR), "substr outside of string");
3143 RETPUSHUNDEF;
79072805
LW		 3144}
3145
3146PP(pp_vec)
3147{
2154eca7 3148 dVAR; dSP;
eb578fdb
KW		 3149 const IV size = POPi;
3150 const IV offset = POPi;
3151 SV * const src = POPs;
1b6737cc 3152 const I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
2154eca7 3153 SV * ret;
a0d0e21e 3154
81e118e0 3155 if (lvalue) { /* it's an lvalue! */
2154eca7
EB		 3156 ret = sv_2mortal(newSV_type(SVt_PVLV)); /* Not TARG RT#67838 */
3157 sv_magic(ret, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_vec, NULL, 0);
3158 LvTYPE(ret) = 'v';
3159 LvTARG(ret) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(src);
3160 LvTARGOFF(ret) = offset;
3161 LvTARGLEN(ret) = size;
3162 }
3163 else {
3164 dTARGET;
3165 SvTAINTED_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
3166 ret = TARG;
79072805
LW		 3167 }
3168
2154eca7
EB		 3169 sv_setuv(ret, do_vecget(src, offset, size));
3170 PUSHs(ret);
79072805
LW		 3171 RETURN;
3172}
3173
3174PP(pp_index)
3175{
97aff369 3176 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
79072805
LW		 3177 SV *big;
3178 SV *little;
c445ea15 3179 SV *temp = NULL;
ad66a58c 3180 STRLEN biglen;
2723d216 3181 STRLEN llen = 0;
79072805
LW		 3182 I32 offset;
3183 I32 retval;
73ee8be2
NC		 3184 const char *big_p;
3185 const char *little_p;
2f040f7f
NC		 3186 bool big_utf8;
3187 bool little_utf8;
2723d216 3188 const bool is_index = PL_op->op_type == OP_INDEX;
d3e26383 3189 const bool threeargs = MAXARG >= 3 && (TOPs || ((void)POPs,0));
79072805 3190
e1dccc0d
Z		 3191 if (threeargs)
3192 offset = POPi;
79072805
LW		 3193 little = POPs;
3194 big = POPs;
73ee8be2
NC		 3195 big_p = SvPV_const(big, biglen);
3196 little_p = SvPV_const(little, llen);
3197
e609e586
NC		 3198 big_utf8 = DO_UTF8(big);
3199 little_utf8 = DO_UTF8(little);
3200 if (big_utf8 ^ little_utf8) {
3201 /* One needs to be upgraded. */
2f040f7f
NC		 3202 if (little_utf8 && !PL_encoding) {
3203 /* Well, maybe instead we might be able to downgrade the small
3204 string? */
1eced8f8 3205 char * const pv = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8 *)little_p, &llen,
2f040f7f
NC		 3206 &little_utf8);
3207 if (little_utf8) {
3208 /* If the large string is ISO-8859-1, and it's not possible to
3209 convert the small string to ISO-8859-1, then there is no
3210 way that it could be found anywhere by index. */
3211 retval = -1;
3212 goto fail;
3213 }
e609e586 3214
2f040f7f
NC		 3215 /* At this point, pv is a malloc()ed string. So donate it to temp
3216 to ensure it will get free()d */
3217 little = temp = newSV(0);
73ee8be2
NC		 3218 sv_usepvn(temp, pv, llen);
3219 little_p = SvPVX(little);
e609e586 3220 } else {
73ee8be2
NC		 3221 temp = little_utf8
3222 ? newSVpvn(big_p, biglen) : newSVpvn(little_p, llen);
2f040f7f
NC		 3223
3224 if (PL_encoding) {
3225 sv_recode_to_utf8(temp, PL_encoding);
3226 } else {
3227 sv_utf8_upgrade(temp);
3228 }
3229 if (little_utf8) {
3230 big = temp;
3231 big_utf8 = TRUE;
73ee8be2 3232 big_p = SvPV_const(big, biglen);
2f040f7f
NC		 3233 } else {
3234 little = temp;
73ee8be2 3235 little_p = SvPV_const(little, llen);
2f040f7f 3236 }
e609e586
NC		 3237 }
3238 }
73ee8be2
NC		 3239 if (SvGAMAGIC(big)) {
3240 /* Life just becomes a lot easier if I use a temporary here.
3241 Otherwise I need to avoid calls to sv_pos_u2b(), which (dangerously)
3242 will trigger magic and overloading again, as will fbm_instr()
3243 */
59cd0e26
NC		 3244 big = newSVpvn_flags(big_p, biglen,
3245 SVs_TEMP | (big_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
73ee8be2
NC		 3246 big_p = SvPVX(big);
3247 }
e4e44778 3248 if (SvGAMAGIC(little) || (is_index && !SvOK(little))) {
73ee8be2
NC		 3249 /* index && SvOK() is a hack. fbm_instr() calls SvPV_const, which will
3250 warn on undef, and we've already triggered a warning with the
3251 SvPV_const some lines above. We can't remove that, as we need to
3252 call some SvPV to trigger overloading early and find out if the
3253 string is UTF-8.
3254 This is all getting to messy. The API isn't quite clean enough,
3255 because data access has side effects.
3256 */
59cd0e26
NC		 3257 little = newSVpvn_flags(little_p, llen,
3258 SVs_TEMP | (little_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
73ee8be2
NC		 3259 little_p = SvPVX(little);
3260 }
e609e586 3261
d3e26383 3262 if (!threeargs)
2723d216 3263 offset = is_index ? 0 : biglen;
a0ed51b3 3264 else {
ad66a58c 3265 if (big_utf8 && offset > 0)
a0ed51b3 3266 sv_pos_u2b(big, &offset, 0);
73ee8be2
NC		 3267 if (!is_index)
3268 offset += llen;
a0ed51b3 3269 }
79072805
LW		 3270 if (offset < 0)
3271 offset = 0;
ad66a58c
NC		 3272 else if (offset > (I32)biglen)
3273 offset = biglen;
73ee8be2
NC		 3274 if (!(little_p = is_index
3275 ? fbm_instr((unsigned char*)big_p + offset,
3276 (unsigned char*)big_p + biglen, little, 0)
3277 : rninstr(big_p, big_p + offset,
3278 little_p, little_p + llen)))
a0ed51b3 3279 retval = -1;
ad66a58c 3280 else {
73ee8be2 3281 retval = little_p - big_p;
ad66a58c
NC		 3282 if (retval > 0 && big_utf8)
3283 sv_pos_b2u(big, &retval);
3284 }
ef8d46e8 3285 SvREFCNT_dec(temp);
2723d216 3286 fail:
e1dccc0d 3287 PUSHi(retval);
79072805
LW		 3288 RETURN;
3289}
3290
3291PP(pp_sprintf)
3292{
97aff369 3293 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
3e6bd4bf 3294 SvTAINTED_off(TARG);
79072805 3295 do_sprintf(TARG, SP-MARK, MARK+1);
bbce6d69 3296 TAINT_IF(SvTAINTED(TARG));
79072805
LW		 3297 SP = ORIGMARK;
3298 PUSHTARG;
3299 RETURN;
3300}
3301
79072805
LW		 3302PP(pp_ord)
3303{
97aff369 3304 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
1eced8f8 3305
7df053ec 3306 SV *argsv = POPs;
ba210ebe 3307 STRLEN len;
349d4f2f 3308 const U8 *s = (U8*)SvPV_const(argsv, len);
121910a4 3309
799ef3cb 3310 if (PL_encoding && SvPOK(argsv) && !DO_UTF8(argsv)) {
1eced8f8 3311 SV * const tmpsv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(argsv));
799ef3cb 3312 s = (U8*)sv_recode_to_utf8(tmpsv, PL_encoding);
121910a4
JH		 3313 argsv = tmpsv;
3314 }
79072805 3315
872c91ae 3316 XPUSHu(DO_UTF8(argsv) ?
89ebb4a3 3317 utf8n_to_uvchr(s, UTF8_MAXBYTES, 0, UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV) :
5fc32dea 3318 (UV)(*s & 0xff));
68795e93 3319
79072805
LW		 3320 RETURN;
3321}
3322
463ee0b2
LW		 3323PP(pp_chr)
3324{
97aff369 3325 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
463ee0b2 3326 char *tmps;
8a064bd6 3327 UV value;
71739502 3328 SV *top = POPs;
8a064bd6 3329
71739502
FC		 3330 SvGETMAGIC(top);
3331 if (!IN_BYTES /* under bytes, chr(-1) eq chr(0xff), etc. */
3332 && ((SvIOKp(top) && !SvIsUV(top) && SvIV_nomg(top) < 0)
8a064bd6 3333 ||
71739502
FC		 3334 ((SvNOKp(top) || (SvOK(top) && !SvIsUV(top)))
3335 && SvNV_nomg(top) < 0.0))) {
b3fe8680
FC		 3336 if (ckWARN(WARN_UTF8)) {
3337 if (SvGMAGICAL(top)) {
3338 SV *top2 = sv_newmortal();
3339 sv_setsv_nomg(top2, top);
3340 top = top2;
3341 }
3342 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UTF8),
3343 "Invalid negative number (%"SVf") in chr", top);
3344 }
8a064bd6 3345 value = UNICODE_REPLACEMENT;
8a064bd6 3346 } else {
71739502 3347 value = SvUV_nomg(top);
8a064bd6 3348 }
463ee0b2 3349
862a34c6 3350 SvUPGRADE(TARG,SVt_PV);
a0ed51b3 3351
0064a8a9 3352 if (value > 255 && !IN_BYTES) {
eb160463 3353 SvGROW(TARG, (STRLEN)UNISKIP(value)+1);
62961d2e 3354 tmps = (char*)uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8*)SvPVX(TARG), value, 0);
349d4f2f 3355 SvCUR_set(TARG, tmps - SvPVX_const(TARG));
a0ed51b3
LW		 3356 *tmps = '\0';
3357 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
aa6ffa16 3358 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
a0ed51b3
LW		 3359 XPUSHs(TARG);
3360 RETURN;
3361 }
3362
748a9306 3363 SvGROW(TARG,2);
463ee0b2
LW		 3364 SvCUR_set(TARG, 1);
3365 tmps = SvPVX(TARG);
eb160463 3366 *tmps++ = (char)value;
748a9306 3367 *tmps = '\0';
a0d0e21e 3368 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
4c5ed6e2 3369
88632417 3370 if (PL_encoding && !IN_BYTES) {
799ef3cb 3371 sv_recode_to_utf8(TARG, PL_encoding);
88632417 3372 tmps = SvPVX(TARG);
28936164
KW		 3373 if (SvCUR(TARG) == 0
3374 || ! is_utf8_string((U8*)tmps, SvCUR(TARG))
3375 || UTF8_IS_REPLACEMENT((U8*) tmps, (U8*) tmps + SvCUR(TARG)))
3376 {
4c5ed6e2 3377 SvGROW(TARG, 2);
d5a15ac2 3378 tmps = SvPVX(TARG);
4c5ed6e2
TS		 3379 SvCUR_set(TARG, 1);
3380 *tmps++ = (char)value;
88632417 3381 *tmps = '\0';
4c5ed6e2 3382 SvUTF8_off(TARG);
88632417
JH		 3383 }
3384 }
4c5ed6e2 3385
463ee0b2
LW		 3386 XPUSHs(TARG);
3387 RETURN;
3388}
3389
79072805
LW		 3390PP(pp_crypt)
3391{
79072805 3392#ifdef HAS_CRYPT
97aff369 3393 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
5f74f29c 3394 dPOPTOPssrl;
85c16d83 3395 STRLEN len;
10516c54 3396 const char *tmps = SvPV_const(left, len);
2bc69dc4 3397
85c16d83 3398 if (DO_UTF8(left)) {
2bc69dc4 3399 /* If Unicode, try to downgrade.
f2791508
JH		 3400 * If not possible, croak.
3401 * Yes, we made this up. */
1b6737cc 3402 SV* const tsv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(left));
2bc69dc4 3403
f2791508 3404 SvUTF8_on(tsv);
2bc69dc4 3405 sv_utf8_downgrade(tsv, FALSE);
349d4f2f 3406 tmps = SvPV_const(tsv, len);
85c16d83 3407 }
05404ffe
JH		 3408# ifdef USE_ITHREADS
3409# ifdef HAS_CRYPT_R
3410 if (!PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer) {
3411 /* This should be threadsafe because in ithreads there is only
3412 * one thread per interpreter. If this would not be true,
3413 * we would need a mutex to protect this malloc. */
3414 PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer =
3415 (struct crypt_data *)safemalloc(sizeof(struct crypt_data));
3416#if defined(__GLIBC__) || defined(__EMX__)
3417 if (PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer) {
3418 PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer->initialized = 0;
3419 /* work around glibc-2.2.5 bug */
3420 PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer->current_saltbits = 0;
3421 }
05404ffe 3422#endif
6ab58e4d 3423 }
05404ffe
JH		 3424# endif /* HAS_CRYPT_R */
3425# endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
5f74f29c 3426# ifdef FCRYPT
83003860 3427 sv_setpv(TARG, fcrypt(tmps, SvPV_nolen_const(right)));
5f74f29c 3428# else
83003860 3429 sv_setpv(TARG, PerlProc_crypt(tmps, SvPV_nolen_const(right)));
5f74f29c 3430# endif
ec93b65f 3431 SETTARG;
4808266b 3432 RETURN;
79072805 3433#else
b13b2135 3434 DIE(aTHX_
79072805
LW		 3435 "The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia.");
3436#endif
79072805
LW		 3437}
3438
00f254e2
KW		 3439/* Generally UTF-8 and UTF-EBCDIC are indistinguishable at this level. So
3440 * most comments below say UTF-8, when in fact they mean UTF-EBCDIC as well */
3441
79072805
LW		 3442PP(pp_ucfirst)
3443{
00f254e2
KW		 3444 /* Actually is both lcfirst() and ucfirst(). Only the first character
3445 * changes. This means that possibly we can change in-place, ie., just
3446 * take the source and change that one character and store it back, but not
3447 * if read-only etc, or if the length changes */
3448
97aff369 3449 dVAR;
39644a26 3450 dSP;
d54190f6 3451 SV *source = TOPs;
00f254e2 3452 STRLEN slen; /* slen is the byte length of the whole SV. */
d54190f6
NC		 3453 STRLEN need;
3454 SV *dest;
00f254e2
KW		 3455 bool inplace; /* ? Convert first char only, in-place */
3456 bool doing_utf8 = FALSE; /* ? using utf8 */
3457 bool convert_source_to_utf8 = FALSE; /* ? need to convert */
12e9c124 3458 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
d54190f6
NC		 3459 const U8 *s;
3460 U8 *d;
3461 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
00f254e2
KW		 3462 STRLEN ulen; /* ulen is the byte length of the original Unicode character
3463 * stored as UTF-8 at s. */
3464 STRLEN tculen; /* tculen is the byte length of the freshly titlecased (or
3465 * lowercased) character stored in tmpbuf. May be either
3466 * UTF-8 or not, but in either case is the number of bytes */
094a2f8c 3467 bool tainted = FALSE;
d54190f6
NC		 3468
3469 SvGETMAGIC(source);
3470 if (SvOK(source)) {
3471 s = (const U8*)SvPV_nomg_const(source, slen);
3472 } else {
0a0ffbce
RGS		 3473 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
3474 report_uninit(source);
1eced8f8 3475 s = (const U8*)"";
d54190f6
NC		 3476 slen = 0;
3477 }
a0ed51b3 3478
00f254e2
KW		 3479 /* We may be able to get away with changing only the first character, in
3480 * place, but not if read-only, etc. Later we may discover more reasons to
3481 * not convert in-place. */
3482 inplace = SvPADTMP(source) && !SvREADONLY(source) && SvTEMP(source);
3483
3484 /* First calculate what the changed first character should be. This affects
3485 * whether we can just swap it out, leaving the rest of the string unchanged,
3486 * or even if have to convert the dest to UTF-8 when the source isn't */
3487
3488 if (! slen) { /* If empty */
3489 need = 1; /* still need a trailing NUL */
b7576bcb 3490 ulen = 0;
00f254e2
KW		 3491 }
3492 else if (DO_UTF8(source)) { /* Is the source utf8? */
d54190f6 3493 doing_utf8 = TRUE;
17e95c9d 3494 ulen = UTF8SKIP(s);
094a2f8c
KW		 3495 if (op_type == OP_UCFIRST) {
3496 _to_utf8_title_flags(s, tmpbuf, &tculen,
3497 cBOOL(IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME), &tainted);
3498 }
3499 else {
3500 _to_utf8_lower_flags(s, tmpbuf, &tculen,
3501 cBOOL(IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME), &tainted);
3502 }
00f254e2 3503
17e95c9d
KW		 3504 /* we can't do in-place if the length changes. */
3505 if (ulen != tculen) inplace = FALSE;
3506 need = slen + 1 - ulen + tculen;
d54190f6 3507 }
00f254e2
KW		 3508 else { /* Non-zero length, non-UTF-8, Need to consider locale and if
3509 * latin1 is treated as caseless. Note that a locale takes
3510 * precedence */
167d19f2 3511 ulen = 1; /* Original character is 1 byte */
00f254e2
KW		 3512 tculen = 1; /* Most characters will require one byte, but this will
3513 * need to be overridden for the tricky ones */
3514 need = slen + 1;
3515
3516 if (op_type == OP_LCFIRST) {
d54190f6 3517
00f254e2
KW		 3518 /* lower case the first letter: no trickiness for any character */
3519 *tmpbuf = (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) ? toLOWER_LC(*s) :
3520 ((IN_UNI_8_BIT) ? toLOWER_LATIN1(*s) : toLOWER(*s));
3521 }
3522 /* is ucfirst() */
3523 else if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
3524 *tmpbuf = toUPPER_LC(*s); /* This would be a bug if any locales
3525 * have upper and title case different
3526 */
3527 }
3528 else if (! IN_UNI_8_BIT) {
3529 *tmpbuf = toUPPER(*s); /* Returns caseless for non-ascii, or
3530 * on EBCDIC machines whatever the
3531 * native function does */
3532 }
3533 else { /* is ucfirst non-UTF-8, not in locale, and cased latin1 */
167d19f2
KW		 3534 UV title_ord = _to_upper_title_latin1(*s, tmpbuf, &tculen, 's');
3535 if (tculen > 1) {
3536 assert(tculen == 2);
3537
3538 /* If the result is an upper Latin1-range character, it can
3539 * still be represented in one byte, which is its ordinal */
3540 if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*tmpbuf)) {
3541 *tmpbuf = (U8) title_ord;
3542 tculen = 1;
00f254e2
KW		 3543 }
3544 else {
167d19f2
KW		 3545 /* Otherwise it became more than one ASCII character (in
3546 * the case of LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S) or changed to
3547 * beyond Latin1, so the number of bytes changed, so can't
3548 * replace just the first character in place. */
3549 inplace = FALSE;
3550
d14578b8
KW		 3551 /* If the result won't fit in a byte, the entire result
3552 * will have to be in UTF-8. Assume worst case sizing in
3553 * conversion. (all latin1 characters occupy at most two
3554 * bytes in utf8) */
167d19f2
KW		 3555 if (title_ord > 255) {
3556 doing_utf8 = TRUE;
3557 convert_source_to_utf8 = TRUE;
3558 need = slen * 2 + 1;
3559
3560 /* The (converted) UTF-8 and UTF-EBCDIC lengths of all
3561 * (both) characters whose title case is above 255 is
3562 * 2. */
3563 ulen = 2;
3564 }
3565 else { /* LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S expands by 1 byte */
3566 need = slen + 1 + 1;
3567 }
00f254e2 3568 }
167d19f2 3569 }
00f254e2
KW		 3570 } /* End of use Unicode (Latin1) semantics */
3571 } /* End of changing the case of the first character */
3572
3573 /* Here, have the first character's changed case stored in tmpbuf. Ready to
3574 * generate the result */
3575 if (inplace) {
3576
3577 /* We can convert in place. This means we change just the first
3578 * character without disturbing the rest; no need to grow */
d54190f6
NC		 3579 dest = source;
3580 s = d = (U8*)SvPV_force_nomg(source, slen);
3581 } else {
3582 dTARGET;
3583
3584 dest = TARG;
3585
00f254e2
KW		 3586 /* Here, we can't convert in place; we earlier calculated how much
3587 * space we will need, so grow to accommodate that */
d54190f6 3588 SvUPGRADE(dest, SVt_PV);
3b416f41 3589 d = (U8*)SvGROW(dest, need);
d54190f6
NC		 3590 (void)SvPOK_only(dest);
3591
3592 SETs(dest);
d54190f6 3593 }
44bc797b 3594
d54190f6 3595 if (doing_utf8) {
00f254e2
KW		 3596 if (! inplace) {
3597 if (! convert_source_to_utf8) {
3598
3599 /* Here both source and dest are in UTF-8, but have to create
3600 * the entire output. We initialize the result to be the
3601 * title/lower cased first character, and then append the rest
3602 * of the string. */
3603 sv_setpvn(dest, (char*)tmpbuf, tculen);
3604 if (slen > ulen) {
3605 sv_catpvn(dest, (char*)(s + ulen), slen - ulen);
3606 }
3607 }
3608 else {
3609 const U8 *const send = s + slen;
3610
3611 /* Here the dest needs to be in UTF-8, but the source isn't,
3612 * except we earlier UTF-8'd the first character of the source
3613 * into tmpbuf. First put that into dest, and then append the
3614 * rest of the source, converting it to UTF-8 as we go. */
3615
3616 /* Assert tculen is 2 here because the only two characters that
3617 * get to this part of the code have 2-byte UTF-8 equivalents */
3618 *d++ = *tmpbuf;
3619 *d++ = *(tmpbuf + 1);
3620 s++; /* We have just processed the 1st char */
3621
3622 for (; s < send; s++) {
3623 d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, *s);
3624 }
3625 *d = '\0';
3626 SvCUR_set(dest, d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest));
3627 }
d54190f6 3628 SvUTF8_on(dest);
a0ed51b3 3629 }
00f254e2 3630 else { /* in-place UTF-8. Just overwrite the first character */
d54190f6
NC		 3631 Copy(tmpbuf, d, tculen, U8);
3632 SvCUR_set(dest, need - 1);
a0ed51b3 3633 }
094a2f8c
KW		 3634
3635 if (tainted) {
3636 TAINT;
3637 SvTAINTED_on(dest);
3638 }
a0ed51b3 3639 }
00f254e2
KW		 3640 else { /* Neither source nor dest are in or need to be UTF-8 */
3641 if (slen) {
2de3dbcc 3642 if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
31351b04 3643