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98994639
HS		 1/* locale.c
2 *
1129b882
NC		 3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
4 * 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
98994639
HS		 5 *
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8 *
9 */
10
11/*
4ac71550 12 * A Elbereth Gilthoniel,
cdad3b53 13 * silivren penna míriel
4ac71550 14 * o menel aglar elenath!
cdad3b53 15 * Na-chaered palan-díriel
4ac71550
TC		 16 * o galadhremmin ennorath,
17 * Fanuilos, le linnathon
18 * nef aear, si nef aearon!
19 *
20 * [p.238 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
98994639
HS		 21 */
22
166f8a29
DM		 23/* utility functions for handling locale-specific stuff like what
24 * character represents the decimal point.
0d071d52 25 *
7d4bcc4a
KW		 26 * All C programs have an underlying locale. Perl code generally doesn't pay
27 * any attention to it except within the scope of a 'use locale'. For most
0d071d52
KW		 28 * categories, it accomplishes this by just using different operations if it is
29 * in such scope than if not. However, various libc functions called by Perl
30 * are affected by the LC_NUMERIC category, so there are macros in perl.h that
31 * are used to toggle between the current locale and the C locale depending on
a9ad02a8
KW		 32 * the desired behavior of those functions at the moment. And, LC_MESSAGES is
33 * switched to the C locale for outputting the message unless within the scope
34 * of 'use locale'.
166f8a29
DM		 35 */
36
98994639
HS		 37#include "EXTERN.h"
38#define PERL_IN_LOCALE_C
f7416781 39#include "perl_langinfo.h"
98994639
HS		 40#include "perl.h"
41
a4af207c
JH		 42#include "reentr.h"
43
2fcc0ca9
KW		 44/* If the environment says to, we can output debugging information during
45 * initialization. This is done before option parsing, and before any thread
46 * creation, so can be a file-level static */
5a4b0634
KW		 47#if ! defined(DEBUGGING) || defined(PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT)
48# define debug_initialization 0
49# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v)
50#else
2fcc0ca9 51static bool debug_initialization = FALSE;
5a4b0634 52# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v) (debug_initialization = v)
2fcc0ca9
KW		 53#endif
54
291a84fb
KW		 55/* strlen() of a literal string constant. We might want this more general,
56 * but using it in just this file for now. A problem with more generality is
57 * the compiler warnings about comparing unlike signs */
ff1b739b
KW		 58#define STRLENs(s) (sizeof("" s "") - 1)
59
63e5b0d7
KW		 60/* Is the C string input 'name' "C" or "POSIX"? If so, and 'name' is the
61 * return of setlocale(), then this is extremely likely to be the C or POSIX
62 * locale. However, the output of setlocale() is documented to be opaque, but
63 * the odds are extremely small that it would return these two strings for some
64 * other locale. Note that VMS in these two locales includes many non-ASCII
65 * characters as controls and punctuation (below are hex bytes):
66 * cntrl: 84-97 9B-9F
67 * punct: A1-A3 A5 A7-AB B0-B3 B5-B7 B9-BD BF-CF D1-DD DF-EF F1-FD
68 * Oddly, none there are listed as alphas, though some represent alphabetics
69 * http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2013/02/msg198753.html */
70#define isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(name) \
71 ( (name) != NULL \
72 && (( *(name) == 'C' && (*(name + 1)) == '\0') \
73 || strEQ((name), "POSIX")))
74
8ef6e574
KW		 75#ifdef USE_LOCALE
76
47280b20
KW		 77/* This code keeps a LRU cache of the UTF-8ness of the locales it has so-far
78 * looked up. This is in the form of a C string: */
79
80#define UTF8NESS_SEP "\v"
81#define UTF8NESS_PREFIX "\f"
82
83/* So, the string looks like:
98994639 84 *
47280b20 85 * \vC\a0\vPOSIX\a0\vam_ET\a0\vaf_ZA.utf8\a1\ven_US.UTF-8\a1\0
98994639 86 *
47280b20
KW		 87 * where the digit 0 after the \a indicates that the locale starting just
88 * after the preceding \v is not UTF-8, and the digit 1 mean it is. */
89
90STATIC_ASSERT_DECL(STRLENs(UTF8NESS_SEP) == 1);
91STATIC_ASSERT_DECL(STRLENs(UTF8NESS_PREFIX) == 1);
92
93#define C_and_POSIX_utf8ness UTF8NESS_SEP "C" UTF8NESS_PREFIX "0" \
94 UTF8NESS_SEP "POSIX" UTF8NESS_PREFIX "0"
95
96/* The cache is initialized to C_and_POSIX_utf8ness at start up. These are
97 * kept there always. The remining portion of the cache is LRU, with the
98 * oldest looked-up locale at the tail end */
99
98994639
HS		 100STATIC char *
101S_stdize_locale(pTHX_ char *locs)
102{
47280b20
KW		 103 /* Standardize the locale name from a string returned by 'setlocale',
104 * possibly modifying that string.
105 *
106 * The typical return value of setlocale() is either
107 * (1) "xx_YY" if the first argument of setlocale() is not LC_ALL
108 * (2) "xa_YY xb_YY ..." if the first argument of setlocale() is LC_ALL
109 * (the space-separated values represent the various sublocales,
110 * in some unspecified order). This is not handled by this function.
111 *
112 * In some platforms it has a form like "LC_SOMETHING=Lang_Country.866\n",
113 * which is harmful for further use of the string in setlocale(). This
114 * function removes the trailing new line and everything up through the '='
115 * */
116
7452cf6a 117 const char * const s = strchr(locs, '=');
98994639
HS		 118 bool okay = TRUE;
119
7918f24d
NC		 120 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_STDIZE_LOCALE;
121
8772537c
AL		 122 if (s) {
123 const char * const t = strchr(s, '.');
98994639 124 okay = FALSE;
8772537c
AL		 125 if (t) {
126 const char * const u = strchr(t, '\n');
127 if (u && (u[1] == 0)) {
128 const STRLEN len = u - s;
129 Move(s + 1, locs, len, char);
130 locs[len] = 0;
131 okay = TRUE;
98994639
HS		 132 }
133 }
134 }
135
136 if (!okay)
137 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fix broken locale name \"%s\"", locs);
138
139 return locs;
140}
141
e5f10d49
KW		 142/* Two parallel arrays; first the locale categories Perl uses on this system;
143 * the second array is their names. These arrays are in mostly arbitrary
144 * order. */
145
146const int categories[] = {
147
148# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
149 LC_NUMERIC,
150# endif
151# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
152 LC_CTYPE,
153# endif
154# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
155 LC_COLLATE,
156# endif
157# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
158 LC_TIME,
159# endif
160# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
161 LC_MESSAGES,
162# endif
163# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
164 LC_MONETARY,
165# endif
9821811f
KW		 166# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
167 LC_ADDRESS,
168# endif
169# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
170 LC_IDENTIFICATION,
171# endif
172# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
173 LC_MEASUREMENT,
174# endif
175# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
176 LC_PAPER,
177# endif
178# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
179 LC_TELEPHONE,
180# endif
e5f10d49
KW		 181# ifdef LC_ALL
182 LC_ALL,
183# endif
184 -1 /* Placeholder because C doesn't allow a
185 trailing comma, and it would get complicated
186 with all the #ifdef's */
187};
188
189/* The top-most real element is LC_ALL */
190
191const char * category_names[] = {
192
193# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
194 "LC_NUMERIC",
195# endif
196# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
197 "LC_CTYPE",
198# endif
199# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
200 "LC_COLLATE",
201# endif
202# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
203 "LC_TIME",
204# endif
205# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
206 "LC_MESSAGES",
207# endif
208# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
209 "LC_MONETARY",
210# endif
9821811f
KW		 211# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
212 "LC_ADDRESS",
213# endif
214# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
215 "LC_IDENTIFICATION",
216# endif
217# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
218 "LC_MEASUREMENT",
219# endif
220# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
221 "LC_PAPER",
222# endif
223# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
224 "LC_TELEPHONE",
225# endif
e5f10d49
KW		 226# ifdef LC_ALL
227 "LC_ALL",
228# endif
229 NULL /* Placeholder */
230 };
231
232# ifdef LC_ALL
233
234 /* On systems with LC_ALL, it is kept in the highest index position. (-2
235 * to account for the final unused placeholder element.) */
236# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 2)
237
238# else
239
240 /* On systems without LC_ALL, we pretend it is there, one beyond the real
241 * top element, hence in the unused placeholder element. */
242# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 1)
243
244# endif
245
246/* Pretending there is an LC_ALL element just above allows us to avoid most
247 * special cases. Most loops through these arrays in the code below are
248 * written like 'for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++)'. They will work
249 * on either type of system. But the code must be written to not access the
948523db
KW		 250 * element at 'LC_ALL_INDEX' except on platforms that have it. This can be
251 * checked for at compile time by using the #define LC_ALL_INDEX which is only
252 * defined if we do have LC_ALL. */
e5f10d49 253
b09aaf40
KW		 254STATIC const char *
255S_category_name(const int category)
256{
257 unsigned int i;
258
259#ifdef LC_ALL
260
261 if (category == LC_ALL) {
262 return "LC_ALL";
263 }
264
265#endif
266
267 for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
268 if (category == categories[i]) {
269 return category_names[i];
270 }
271 }
272
273 {
274 const char suffix[] = " (unknown)";
275 int temp = category;
276 Size_t length = sizeof(suffix) + 1;
277 char * unknown;
278 dTHX;
279
280 if (temp < 0) {
281 length++;
282 temp = - temp;
283 }
284
285 /* Calculate the number of digits */
286 while (temp >= 10) {
287 temp /= 10;
288 length++;
289 }
290
291 Newx(unknown, length, char);
292 my_snprintf(unknown, length, "%d%s", category, suffix);
293 SAVEFREEPV(unknown);
294 return unknown;
295 }
296}
297
948523db
KW		 298/* Now create LC_foo_INDEX #defines for just those categories on this system */
299# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
300# define LC_NUMERIC_INDEX 0
301# define _DUMMY_NUMERIC LC_NUMERIC_INDEX
302# else
303# define _DUMMY_NUMERIC -1
304# endif
305# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
306# define LC_CTYPE_INDEX _DUMMY_NUMERIC + 1
307# define _DUMMY_CTYPE LC_CTYPE_INDEX
308# else
309# define _DUMMY_CTYPE _DUMMY_NUMERIC
310# endif
311# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
312# define LC_COLLATE_INDEX _DUMMY_CTYPE + 1
313# define _DUMMY_COLLATE LC_COLLATE_INDEX
314# else
315# define _DUMMY_COLLATE _DUMMY_COLLATE
316# endif
317# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
318# define LC_TIME_INDEX _DUMMY_COLLATE + 1
319# define _DUMMY_TIME LC_TIME_INDEX
320# else
321# define _DUMMY_TIME _DUMMY_COLLATE
322# endif
323# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
324# define LC_MESSAGES_INDEX _DUMMY_TIME + 1
325# define _DUMMY_MESSAGES LC_MESSAGES_INDEX
326# else
327# define _DUMMY_MESSAGES _DUMMY_TIME
328# endif
329# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
330# define LC_MONETARY_INDEX _DUMMY_MESSAGES + 1
331# define _DUMMY_MONETARY LC_MONETARY_INDEX
332# else
333# define _DUMMY_MONETARY _DUMMY_MESSAGES
334# endif
9821811f
KW		 335# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
336# define LC_ADDRESS_INDEX _DUMMY_MONETARY + 1
337# define _DUMMY_ADDRESS LC_ADDRESS_INDEX
338# else
339# define _DUMMY_ADDRESS _DUMMY_MONETARY
340# endif
341# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
342# define LC_IDENTIFICATION_INDEX _DUMMY_ADDRESS + 1
343# define _DUMMY_IDENTIFICATION LC_IDENTIFICATION_INDEX
344# else
345# define _DUMMY_IDENTIFICATION _DUMMY_ADDRESS
346# endif
347# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
348# define LC_MEASUREMENT_INDEX _DUMMY_IDENTIFICATION + 1
349# define _DUMMY_MEASUREMENT LC_MEASUREMENT_INDEX
350# else
351# define _DUMMY_MEASUREMENT _DUMMY_IDENTIFICATION
352# endif
353# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
354# define LC_PAPER_INDEX _DUMMY_MEASUREMENT + 1
355# define _DUMMY_PAPER LC_PAPER_INDEX
356# else
357# define _DUMMY_PAPER _DUMMY_MEASUREMENT
358# endif
359# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
360# define LC_TELEPHONE_INDEX _DUMMY_PAPER + 1
361# define _DUMMY_TELEPHONE LC_TELEPHONE_INDEX
362# else
363# define _DUMMY_TELEPHONE _DUMMY_PAPER
364# endif
948523db 365# ifdef LC_ALL
9821811f 366# define LC_ALL_INDEX _DUMMY_TELEPHONE + 1
948523db
KW		 367# endif
368#endif /* ifdef USE_LOCALE */
8ef6e574 369
d2b24094
KW		 370/* Windows requres a customized base-level setlocale() */
371# ifdef WIN32
372# define my_setlocale(cat, locale) win32_setlocale(cat, locale)
373# else
374# define my_setlocale(cat, locale) setlocale(cat, locale)
375# endif
376
837ce802
KW		 377/* Just placeholders for now. "_c" is intended to be called when the category
378 * is a constant known at compile time; "_r", not known until run time */
d2b24094
KW		 379# define do_setlocale_c(category, locale) my_setlocale(category, locale)
380# define do_setlocale_r(category, locale) my_setlocale(category, locale)
837ce802 381
a4f00dcc 382STATIC void
86799d2d 383S_set_numeric_radix(pTHX_ const bool use_locale)
98994639 384{
86799d2d
KW		 385 /* If 'use_locale' is FALSE, set to use a dot for the radix character. If
386 * TRUE, use the radix character derived from the current locale */
7d4bcc4a 387
86799d2d
KW		 388#if defined(USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC) && ( defined(HAS_LOCALECONV) \
389 || defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO))
98994639 390
86799d2d
KW		 391 /* We only set up the radix SV if we are to use a locale radix ... */
392 if (use_locale) {
393 const char * radix = my_nl_langinfo(PERL_RADIXCHAR, FALSE);
394 /* FALSE => already in dest locale */
86799d2d
KW		 395 /* ... and the character being used isn't a dot */
396 if (strNE(radix, ".")) {
2213a3be
KW		 397 const U8 * first_variant;
398
86799d2d
KW		 399 if (PL_numeric_radix_sv) {
400 sv_setpv(PL_numeric_radix_sv, radix);
401 }
402 else {
403 PL_numeric_radix_sv = newSVpv(radix, 0);
404 }
405
2213a3be
KW		 406 /* If there is a byte variant under UTF-8, and if the remainder of
407 * the string starting there is valid UTF-8, and we are in a UTF-8
408 * locale, then mark the radix as being in UTF-8 */
409 if ( ! is_utf8_invariant_string_loc(
410 (U8 *) SvPVX(PL_numeric_radix_sv),
411 SvCUR(PL_numeric_radix_sv),
412 &first_variant)
413 && is_utf8_string(first_variant,
414 SvCUR(PL_numeric_radix_sv)
415 - ((char *) first_variant
416 - SvPVX(PL_numeric_radix_sv)))
c1284011 417 && _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_NUMERIC))
28acfe03 418 {
86799d2d 419 SvUTF8_on(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
28acfe03 420 }
86799d2d
KW		 421 goto done;
422 }
98994639 423 }
69014004 424
86799d2d
KW		 425 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
426 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
427
428 done: ;
429
430# ifdef DEBUGGING
7d4bcc4a 431
2fcc0ca9
KW		 432 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
433 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale radix is '%s', ?UTF-8=%d\n",
69014004 434 (PL_numeric_radix_sv)
37b7e435
KW		 435 ? SvPVX(PL_numeric_radix_sv)
436 : "NULL",
437 (PL_numeric_radix_sv)
39eb7305 438 ? cBOOL(SvUTF8(PL_numeric_radix_sv))
2fcc0ca9
KW		 439 : 0);
440 }
69014004 441
86799d2d
KW		 442# endif
443#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC and can find the radix char */
7d4bcc4a 444
98994639
HS		 445}
446
a39edc4c 447
98994639 448void
8772537c 449Perl_new_numeric(pTHX_ const char *newnum)
98994639 450{
7d4bcc4a
KW		 451
452#ifndef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
453
454 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newnum);
455
456#else
0d071d52 457
291a84fb 458 /* Called after each libc setlocale() call affecting LC_NUMERIC, to tell
0d071d52
KW		 459 * core Perl this and that 'newnum' is the name of the new locale.
460 * It installs this locale as the current underlying default.
461 *
462 * The default locale and the C locale can be toggled between by use of the
5792c642
KW		 463 * set_numeric_underlying() and set_numeric_standard() functions, which
464 * should probably not be called directly, but only via macros like
0d071d52
KW		 465 * SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD() in perl.h.
466 *
467 * The toggling is necessary mainly so that a non-dot radix decimal point
468 * character can be output, while allowing internal calculations to use a
469 * dot.
470 *
471 * This sets several interpreter-level variables:
bb304765 472 * PL_numeric_name The underlying locale's name: a copy of 'newnum'
892e6465 473 * PL_numeric_underlying A boolean indicating if the toggled state is such
7738054c
KW		 474 * that the current locale is the program's underlying
475 * locale
476 * PL_numeric_standard An int indicating if the toggled state is such
4c68b815
KW		 477 * that the current locale is the C locale or
478 * indistinguishable from the C locale. If non-zero, it
479 * is in C; if > 1, it means it may not be toggled away
7738054c 480 * from C.
4c68b815
KW		 481 * PL_numeric_underlying_is_standard A bool kept by this function
482 * indicating that the underlying locale and the standard
483 * C locale are indistinguishable for the purposes of
484 * LC_NUMERIC. This happens when both of the above two
485 * variables are true at the same time. (Toggling is a
486 * no-op under these circumstances.) This variable is
487 * used to avoid having to recalculate.
0d071d52
KW		 488 * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use
489 * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function
490 * should be called directly only from this file and from
491 * POSIX::setlocale() */
492
b03f34cf 493 char *save_newnum;
98994639
HS		 494
495 if (! newnum) {
43c5f42d
NC		 496 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
497 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
98994639 498 PL_numeric_standard = TRUE;
892e6465 499 PL_numeric_underlying = TRUE;
4c68b815 500 PL_numeric_underlying_is_standard = TRUE;
98994639
HS		 501 return;
502 }
503
b03f34cf 504 save_newnum = stdize_locale(savepv(newnum));
892e6465 505 PL_numeric_underlying = TRUE;
4c68b815
KW		 506 PL_numeric_standard = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(save_newnum);
507
508 /* If its name isn't C nor POSIX, it could still be indistinguishable from
509 * them */
510 if (! PL_numeric_standard) {
511 PL_numeric_standard = cBOOL(strEQ(".", my_nl_langinfo(PERL_RADIXCHAR,
512 FALSE /* Don't toggle locale */ ))
513 && strEQ("", my_nl_langinfo(PERL_THOUSEP,
514 FALSE)));
515 }
abe1abcf 516
4c68b815 517 /* Save the new name if it isn't the same as the previous one, if any */
b03f34cf 518 if (! PL_numeric_name || strNE(PL_numeric_name, save_newnum)) {
98994639 519 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
b03f34cf 520 PL_numeric_name = save_newnum;
b03f34cf 521 }
abe1abcf
KW		 522 else {
523 Safefree(save_newnum);
524 }
4c28b29c 525
4c68b815
KW		 526 PL_numeric_underlying_is_standard = PL_numeric_standard;
527
528 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
529 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Called new_numeric with %s, PL_numeric_name=%s\n", newnum, PL_numeric_name);
530 }
531
4c28b29c
KW		 532 /* Keep LC_NUMERIC in the C locale. This is for XS modules, so they don't
533 * have to worry about the radix being a non-dot. (Core operations that
534 * need the underlying locale change to it temporarily). */
535 set_numeric_standard();
536
98994639 537#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
7d4bcc4a 538
98994639
HS		 539}
540
541void
542Perl_set_numeric_standard(pTHX)
543{
7d4bcc4a 544
98994639 545#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
7d4bcc4a 546
28c1bf33
KW		 547 /* Toggle the LC_NUMERIC locale to C. Most code should use the macros like
548 * SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD() in perl.h instead of calling this directly. The
549 * macro avoids calling this routine if toggling isn't necessary according
550 * to our records (which could be wrong if some XS code has changed the
551 * locale behind our back) */
0d071d52 552
837ce802 553 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
a9b8c0d8 554 PL_numeric_standard = TRUE;
4c68b815 555 PL_numeric_underlying = PL_numeric_underlying_is_standard;
86799d2d 556 set_numeric_radix(0);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 557
558# ifdef DEBUGGING
559
2fcc0ca9
KW		 560 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
561 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
58e4a467 562 "LC_NUMERIC locale now is standard C\n");
2fcc0ca9 563 }
98994639 564
7d4bcc4a 565# endif
98994639 566#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
7d4bcc4a 567
98994639
HS		 568}
569
570void
5792c642 571Perl_set_numeric_underlying(pTHX)
98994639 572{
7d4bcc4a 573
98994639 574#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
7d4bcc4a 575
28c1bf33 576 /* Toggle the LC_NUMERIC locale to the current underlying default. Most
7d4bcc4a
KW		 577 * code should use the macros like SET_NUMERIC_UNDERLYING() in perl.h
578 * instead of calling this directly. The macro avoids calling this routine
579 * if toggling isn't necessary according to our records (which could be
580 * wrong if some XS code has changed the locale behind our back) */
a9b8c0d8 581
837ce802 582 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, PL_numeric_name);
4c68b815 583 PL_numeric_standard = PL_numeric_underlying_is_standard;
892e6465 584 PL_numeric_underlying = TRUE;
3c62fd46 585 set_numeric_radix(! PL_numeric_standard);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 586
587# ifdef DEBUGGING
588
2fcc0ca9
KW		 589 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
590 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
58e4a467 591 "LC_NUMERIC locale now is %s\n",
2fcc0ca9
KW		 592 PL_numeric_name);
593 }
98994639 594
7d4bcc4a 595# endif
98994639 596#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
7d4bcc4a 597
98994639
HS		 598}
599
600/*
601 * Set up for a new ctype locale.
602 */
a4f00dcc
KW		 603STATIC void
604S_new_ctype(pTHX_ const char *newctype)
98994639 605{
7d4bcc4a
KW		 606
607#ifndef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
608
609 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_CTYPE;
610 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newctype);
611 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
612
613#else
0d071d52 614
291a84fb 615 /* Called after each libc setlocale() call affecting LC_CTYPE, to tell
0d071d52
KW		 616 * core Perl this and that 'newctype' is the name of the new locale.
617 *
618 * This function sets up the folding arrays for all 256 bytes, assuming
619 * that tofold() is tolc() since fold case is not a concept in POSIX,
620 *
621 * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use
622 * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function
623 * should be called directly only from this file and from
624 * POSIX::setlocale() */
625
27da23d5 626 dVAR;
68067e4e 627 UV i;
98994639 628
7918f24d
NC		 629 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_CTYPE;
630
215c5139
KW		 631 /* We will replace any bad locale warning with 1) nothing if the new one is
632 * ok; or 2) a new warning for the bad new locale */
633 if (PL_warn_locale) {
634 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(PL_warn_locale);
635 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
636 }
637
c1284011 638 PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale = _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_CTYPE);
31f05a37
KW		 639
640 /* A UTF-8 locale gets standard rules. But note that code still has to
641 * handle this specially because of the three problematic code points */
642 if (PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale) {
643 Copy(PL_fold_latin1, PL_fold_locale, 256, U8);
644 }
645 else {
8c6180a9
KW		 646 /* Assume enough space for every character being bad. 4 spaces each
647 * for the 94 printable characters that are output like "'x' "; and 5
648 * spaces each for "'\\' ", "'\t' ", and "'\n' "; plus a terminating
649 * NUL */
650 char bad_chars_list[ (94 * 4) + (3 * 5) + 1 ];
651
cc9eaeb0
KW		 652 /* Don't check for problems if we are suppressing the warnings */
653 bool check_for_problems = ckWARN_d(WARN_LOCALE)
654 || UNLIKELY(DEBUG_L_TEST);
8c6180a9
KW		 655 bool multi_byte_locale = FALSE; /* Assume is a single-byte locale
656 to start */
657 unsigned int bad_count = 0; /* Count of bad characters */
658
baa60164 659 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
5a8a8f21
KW		 660 if (isupper(i))
661 PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) tolower(i);
662 else if (islower(i))
663 PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) toupper(i);
baa60164
KW		 664 else
665 PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) i;
8c6180a9
KW		 666
667 /* If checking for locale problems, see if the native ASCII-range
668 * printables plus \n and \t are in their expected categories in
669 * the new locale. If not, this could mean big trouble, upending
670 * Perl's and most programs' assumptions, like having a
671 * metacharacter with special meaning become a \w. Fortunately,
672 * it's very rare to find locales that aren't supersets of ASCII
673 * nowadays. It isn't a problem for most controls to be changed
674 * into something else; we check only \n and \t, though perhaps \r
675 * could be an issue as well. */
7d4bcc4a 676 if ( check_for_problems
8c6180a9
KW		 677 && (isGRAPH_A(i) || isBLANK_A(i) || i == '\n'))
678 {
adf947ba
KW		 679 if ( cBOOL(isalnum(i)) != cBOOL(isALPHANUMERIC(i))
680 || cBOOL(isalpha(i)) != cBOOL(isALPHA_A(i))
681 || cBOOL(isdigit(i)) != cBOOL(isDIGIT_A(i))
682 || cBOOL(isgraph(i)) != cBOOL(isGRAPH_A(i))
683 || cBOOL(islower(i)) != cBOOL(isLOWER_A(i))
684 || cBOOL(isprint(i)) != cBOOL(isPRINT_A(i))
685 || cBOOL(ispunct(i)) != cBOOL(isPUNCT_A(i))
686 || cBOOL(isspace(i)) != cBOOL(isSPACE_A(i))
687 || cBOOL(isupper(i)) != cBOOL(isUPPER_A(i))
688 || cBOOL(isxdigit(i))!= cBOOL(isXDIGIT_A(i))
689 || tolower(i) != (int) toLOWER_A(i)
690 || toupper(i) != (int) toUPPER_A(i)
691 || (i == '\n' && ! isCNTRL_LC(i)))
8c6180a9
KW		 692 {
693 if (bad_count) { /* Separate multiple entries with a
694 blank */
695 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = ' ';
696 }
697 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = '\'';
698 if (isPRINT_A(i)) {
699 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = (char) i;
700 }
701 else {
702 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = '\\';
703 if (i == '\n') {
704 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = 'n';
705 }
706 else {
707 assert(i == '\t');
708 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = 't';
709 }
710 }
711 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = '\'';
712 bad_chars_list[bad_count] = '\0';
713 }
714 }
715 }
716
7d4bcc4a
KW		 717# ifdef MB_CUR_MAX
718
8c6180a9 719 /* We only handle single-byte locales (outside of UTF-8 ones; so if
d35fca5f 720 * this locale requires more than one byte, there are going to be
8c6180a9 721 * problems. */
9c8a6dc2
KW		 722 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
723 "%s:%d: check_for_problems=%d, MB_CUR_MAX=%d\n",
724 __FILE__, __LINE__, check_for_problems, (int) MB_CUR_MAX));
725
ba1a4362
KW		 726 if (check_for_problems && MB_CUR_MAX > 1
727
728 /* Some platforms return MB_CUR_MAX > 1 for even the "C"
729 * locale. Just assume that the implementation for them (plus
730 * for POSIX) is correct and the > 1 value is spurious. (Since
731 * these are specially handled to never be considered UTF-8
732 * locales, as long as this is the only problem, everything
733 * should work fine */
734 && strNE(newctype, "C") && strNE(newctype, "POSIX"))
735 {
8c6180a9
KW		 736 multi_byte_locale = TRUE;
737 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 738
739# endif
8c6180a9
KW		 740
741 if (bad_count || multi_byte_locale) {
780fcc9f 742 PL_warn_locale = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
8c6180a9 743 "Locale '%s' may not work well.%s%s%s\n",
780fcc9f 744 newctype,
8c6180a9
KW		 745 (multi_byte_locale)
746 ? " Some characters in it are not recognized by"
747 " Perl."
748 : "",
749 (bad_count)
750 ? "\nThe following characters (and maybe others)"
751 " may not have the same meaning as the Perl"
752 " program expects:\n"
753 : "",
754 (bad_count)
755 ? bad_chars_list
756 : ""
757 );
cc9eaeb0 758 /* If we are actually in the scope of the locale or are debugging,
bddebb56
KW		 759 * output the message now. If not in that scope, we save the
760 * message to be output at the first operation using this locale,
761 * if that actually happens. Most programs don't use locales, so
762 * they are immune to bad ones. */
cc9eaeb0 763 if (IN_LC(LC_CTYPE) || UNLIKELY(DEBUG_L_TEST)) {
780fcc9f
KW		 764
765 /* We have to save 'newctype' because the setlocale() just
766 * below may destroy it. The next setlocale() further down
767 * should restore it properly so that the intermediate change
768 * here is transparent to this function's caller */
769 const char * const badlocale = savepv(newctype);
770
837ce802 771 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, "C");
780fcc9f
KW		 772
773 /* The '0' below suppresses a bogus gcc compiler warning */
774 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE), SvPVX(PL_warn_locale), 0);
bddebb56 775
837ce802 776 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, badlocale);
c0f3a893 777 Safefree(badlocale);
bddebb56
KW		 778
779 if (IN_LC(LC_CTYPE)) {
780 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(PL_warn_locale);
781 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
782 }
780fcc9f 783 }
baa60164 784 }
31f05a37 785 }
98994639
HS		 786
787#endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */
7d4bcc4a 788
98994639
HS		 789}
790
98994639 791void
2726666d
KW		 792Perl__warn_problematic_locale()
793{
2726666d
KW		 794
795#ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
796
5f04a188
KW		 797 dTHX;
798
799 /* Internal-to-core function that outputs the message in PL_warn_locale,
800 * and then NULLS it. Should be called only through the macro
801 * _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE */
802
2726666d 803 if (PL_warn_locale) {
2726666d
KW		 804 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
805 SvPVX(PL_warn_locale),
806 0 /* dummy to avoid compiler warning */ );
2726666d
KW		 807 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(PL_warn_locale);
808 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
809 }
810
811#endif
812
813}
814
a4f00dcc
KW		 815STATIC void
816S_new_collate(pTHX_ const char *newcoll)
98994639 817{
7d4bcc4a
KW		 818
819#ifndef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
820
821 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newcoll);
822 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
823
824#else
0d071d52 825
291a84fb 826 /* Called after each libc setlocale() call affecting LC_COLLATE, to tell
0d071d52
KW		 827 * core Perl this and that 'newcoll' is the name of the new locale.
828 *
d35fca5f
KW		 829 * The design of locale collation is that every locale change is given an
830 * index 'PL_collation_ix'. The first time a string particpates in an
831 * operation that requires collation while locale collation is active, it
832 * is given PERL_MAGIC_collxfrm magic (via sv_collxfrm_flags()). That
833 * magic includes the collation index, and the transformation of the string
834 * by strxfrm(), q.v. That transformation is used when doing comparisons,
835 * instead of the string itself. If a string changes, the magic is
836 * cleared. The next time the locale changes, the index is incremented,
837 * and so we know during a comparison that the transformation is not
838 * necessarily still valid, and so is recomputed. Note that if the locale
839 * changes enough times, the index could wrap (a U32), and it is possible
840 * that a transformation would improperly be considered valid, leading to
841 * an unlikely bug */
0d071d52 842
98994639
HS		 843 if (! newcoll) {
844 if (PL_collation_name) {
845 ++PL_collation_ix;
846 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
847 PL_collation_name = NULL;
848 }
849 PL_collation_standard = TRUE;
00bf60ca 850 is_standard_collation:
98994639
HS		 851 PL_collxfrm_base = 0;
852 PL_collxfrm_mult = 2;
165a1c52 853 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale = FALSE;
f28f4d2a 854 PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement = '\0';
a4a439fb 855 PL_strxfrm_max_cp = 0;
98994639
HS		 856 return;
857 }
858
d35fca5f 859 /* If this is not the same locale as currently, set the new one up */
98994639
HS		 860 if (! PL_collation_name || strNE(PL_collation_name, newcoll)) {
861 ++PL_collation_ix;
862 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
863 PL_collation_name = stdize_locale(savepv(newcoll));
a39edc4c 864 PL_collation_standard = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(newcoll);
00bf60ca
KW		 865 if (PL_collation_standard) {
866 goto is_standard_collation;
867 }
98994639 868
165a1c52 869 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale = _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_COLLATE);
f28f4d2a 870 PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement = '\0';
a4a439fb 871 PL_strxfrm_max_cp = 0;
165a1c52 872
59c018b9
KW		 873 /* A locale collation definition includes primary, secondary, tertiary,
874 * etc. weights for each character. To sort, the primary weights are
875 * used, and only if they compare equal, then the secondary weights are
876 * used, and only if they compare equal, then the tertiary, etc.
877 *
878 * strxfrm() works by taking the input string, say ABC, and creating an
879 * output transformed string consisting of first the primary weights,
880 * A¹B¹C¹ followed by the secondary ones, A²B²C²; and then the
881 * tertiary, etc, yielding A¹B¹C¹ A²B²C² A³B³C³ .... Some characters
882 * may not have weights at every level. In our example, let's say B
883 * doesn't have a tertiary weight, and A doesn't have a secondary
884 * weight. The constructed string is then going to be
885 * A¹B¹C¹ B²C² A³C³ ....
886 * This has the desired effect that strcmp() will look at the secondary
887 * or tertiary weights only if the strings compare equal at all higher
888 * priority weights. The spaces shown here, like in
c342d20e 889 * "A¹B¹C¹ A²B²C² "
59c018b9
KW		 890 * are not just for readability. In the general case, these must
891 * actually be bytes, which we will call here 'separator weights'; and
892 * they must be smaller than any other weight value, but since these
893 * are C strings, only the terminating one can be a NUL (some
894 * implementations may include a non-NUL separator weight just before
895 * the NUL). Implementations tend to reserve 01 for the separator
896 * weights. They are needed so that a shorter string's secondary
897 * weights won't be misconstrued as primary weights of a longer string,
898 * etc. By making them smaller than any other weight, the shorter
899 * string will sort first. (Actually, if all secondary weights are
900 * smaller than all primary ones, there is no need for a separator
901 * weight between those two levels, etc.)
902 *
903 * The length of the transformed string is roughly a linear function of
904 * the input string. It's not exactly linear because some characters
905 * don't have weights at all levels. When we call strxfrm() we have to
906 * allocate some memory to hold the transformed string. The
907 * calculations below try to find coefficients 'm' and 'b' for this
908 * locale so that m*x + b equals how much space we need, given the size
909 * of the input string in 'x'. If we calculate too small, we increase
910 * the size as needed, and call strxfrm() again, but it is better to
911 * get it right the first time to avoid wasted expensive string
912 * transformations. */
913
98994639 914 {
79f120c8
KW		 915 /* We use the string below to find how long the tranformation of it
916 * is. Almost all locales are supersets of ASCII, or at least the
917 * ASCII letters. We use all of them, half upper half lower,
918 * because if we used fewer, we might hit just the ones that are
919 * outliers in a particular locale. Most of the strings being
920 * collated will contain a preponderance of letters, and even if
921 * they are above-ASCII, they are likely to have the same number of
922 * weight levels as the ASCII ones. It turns out that digits tend
923 * to have fewer levels, and some punctuation has more, but those
924 * are relatively sparse in text, and khw believes this gives a
925 * reasonable result, but it could be changed if experience so
926 * dictates. */
927 const char longer[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMnopqrstuvwxyz";
928 char * x_longer; /* Transformed 'longer' */
929 Size_t x_len_longer; /* Length of 'x_longer' */
930
931 char * x_shorter; /* We also transform a substring of 'longer' */
932 Size_t x_len_shorter;
933
a4a439fb 934 /* _mem_collxfrm() is used get the transformation (though here we
79f120c8
KW		 935 * are interested only in its length). It is used because it has
936 * the intelligence to handle all cases, but to work, it needs some
937 * values of 'm' and 'b' to get it started. For the purposes of
938 * this calculation we use a very conservative estimate of 'm' and
939 * 'b'. This assumes a weight can be multiple bytes, enough to
940 * hold any UV on the platform, and there are 5 levels, 4 weight
941 * bytes, and a trailing NUL. */
942 PL_collxfrm_base = 5;
943 PL_collxfrm_mult = 5 * sizeof(UV);
944
945 /* Find out how long the transformation really is */
a4a439fb
KW		 946 x_longer = _mem_collxfrm(longer,
947 sizeof(longer) - 1,
948 &x_len_longer,
949
950 /* We avoid converting to UTF-8 in the
951 * called function by telling it the
952 * string is in UTF-8 if the locale is a
953 * UTF-8 one. Since the string passed
954 * here is invariant under UTF-8, we can
955 * claim it's UTF-8 even though it isn't.
956 * */
957 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale);
79f120c8
KW		 958 Safefree(x_longer);
959
960 /* Find out how long the transformation of a substring of 'longer'
961 * is. Together the lengths of these transformations are
962 * sufficient to calculate 'm' and 'b'. The substring is all of
963 * 'longer' except the first character. This minimizes the chances
964 * of being swayed by outliers */
a4a439fb 965 x_shorter = _mem_collxfrm(longer + 1,
79f120c8 966 sizeof(longer) - 2,
a4a439fb
KW		 967 &x_len_shorter,
968 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale);
79f120c8
KW		 969 Safefree(x_shorter);
970
971 /* If the results are nonsensical for this simple test, the whole
972 * locale definition is suspect. Mark it so that locale collation
973 * is not active at all for it. XXX Should we warn? */
974 if ( x_len_shorter == 0
975 || x_len_longer == 0
976 || x_len_shorter >= x_len_longer)
977 {
978 PL_collxfrm_mult = 0;
979 PL_collxfrm_base = 0;
980 }
981 else {
982 SSize_t base; /* Temporary */
983
984 /* We have both: m * strlen(longer) + b = x_len_longer
985 * m * strlen(shorter) + b = x_len_shorter;
986 * subtracting yields:
987 * m * (strlen(longer) - strlen(shorter))
988 * = x_len_longer - x_len_shorter
989 * But we have set things up so that 'shorter' is 1 byte smaller
990 * than 'longer'. Hence:
991 * m = x_len_longer - x_len_shorter
992 *
993 * But if something went wrong, make sure the multiplier is at
994 * least 1.
995 */
996 if (x_len_longer > x_len_shorter) {
997 PL_collxfrm_mult = (STRLEN) x_len_longer - x_len_shorter;
998 }
999 else {
1000 PL_collxfrm_mult = 1;
1001 }
1002
1003 /* mx + b = len
1004 * so: b = len - mx
1005 * but in case something has gone wrong, make sure it is
1006 * non-negative */
1007 base = x_len_longer - PL_collxfrm_mult * (sizeof(longer) - 1);
1008 if (base < 0) {
1009 base = 0;
1010 }
1011
1012 /* Add 1 for the trailing NUL */
1013 PL_collxfrm_base = base + 1;
1014 }
58eebef2 1015
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1016# ifdef DEBUGGING
1017
58eebef2
KW		 1018 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
1019 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4
KW		 1020 "%s:%d: ?UTF-8 locale=%d; x_len_shorter=%zu, "
1021 "x_len_longer=%zu,"
1022 " collate multipler=%zu, collate base=%zu\n",
58eebef2
KW		 1023 __FILE__, __LINE__,
1024 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale,
1025 x_len_shorter, x_len_longer,
1026 PL_collxfrm_mult, PL_collxfrm_base);
1027 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1028# endif
1029
98994639
HS		 1030 }
1031 }
1032
1033#endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */
7d4bcc4a 1034
98994639
HS		 1035}
1036
d2b24094 1037#ifdef WIN32
b8cc575c 1038
a4f00dcc 1039STATIC char *
b8cc575c 1040S_win32_setlocale(pTHX_ int category, const char* locale)
b385bb4d
KW		 1041{
1042 /* This, for Windows, emulates POSIX setlocale() behavior. There is no
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1043 * difference between the two unless the input locale is "", which normally
1044 * means on Windows to get the machine default, which is set via the
1045 * computer's "Regional and Language Options" (or its current equivalent).
1046 * In POSIX, it instead means to find the locale from the user's
1047 * environment. This routine changes the Windows behavior to first look in
1048 * the environment, and, if anything is found, use that instead of going to
1049 * the machine default. If there is no environment override, the machine
1050 * default is used, by calling the real setlocale() with "".
1051 *
1052 * The POSIX behavior is to use the LC_ALL variable if set; otherwise to
1053 * use the particular category's variable if set; otherwise to use the LANG
1054 * variable. */
b385bb4d 1055
175c4cf9 1056 bool override_LC_ALL = FALSE;
89f7b9aa 1057 char * result;
e5f10d49 1058 unsigned int i;
89f7b9aa 1059
b385bb4d 1060 if (locale && strEQ(locale, "")) {
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1061
1062# ifdef LC_ALL
1063
b385bb4d
KW		 1064 locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL");
1065 if (! locale) {
e5f10d49
KW		 1066 if (category == LC_ALL) {
1067 override_LC_ALL = TRUE;
1068 }
1069 else {
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1070
1071# endif
7d4bcc4a 1072
e5f10d49
KW		 1073 for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
1074 if (category == categories[i]) {
1075 locale = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i]);
1076 goto found_locale;
1077 }
1078 }
7d4bcc4a 1079
b385bb4d 1080 locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LANG");
481465ea 1081 if (! locale) {
b385bb4d
KW		 1082 locale = "";
1083 }
e5f10d49
KW		 1084
1085 found_locale: ;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1086
1087# ifdef LC_ALL
1088
e5f10d49 1089 }
b385bb4d 1090 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1091
1092# endif
1093
b385bb4d
KW		 1094 }
1095
89f7b9aa 1096 result = setlocale(category, locale);
bbc98134 1097 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
a4f00dcc 1098 setlocale_debug_string(category, locale, result)));
89f7b9aa 1099
481465ea 1100 if (! override_LC_ALL) {
89f7b9aa
KW		 1101 return result;
1102 }
1103
dfd77d7a 1104 /* Here the input category was LC_ALL, and we have set it to what is in the
481465ea
KW		 1105 * LANG variable or the system default if there is no LANG. But these have
1106 * lower priority than the other LC_foo variables, so override it for each
1107 * one that is set. (If they are set to "", it means to use the same thing
1108 * we just set LC_ALL to, so can skip) */
7d4bcc4a 1109
948523db 1110 for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
e5f10d49
KW		 1111 result = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i]);
1112 if (result && strNE(result, "")) {
1113 setlocale(categories[i], result);
1114 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: %s\n",
1115 __FILE__, __LINE__,
1116 setlocale_debug_string(categories[i], result, "not captured")));
1117 }
89f7b9aa 1118 }
7d4bcc4a 1119
bbc98134
KW		 1120 result = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);
1121 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: %s\n",
1122 __FILE__, __LINE__,
a4f00dcc 1123 setlocale_debug_string(LC_ALL, NULL, result)));
89f7b9aa 1124
bbc98134 1125 return result;
b385bb4d
KW		 1126}
1127
1128#endif
1129
a4f00dcc
KW		 1130char *
1131Perl_setlocale(int category, const char * locale)
1132{
1133 /* This wraps POSIX::setlocale() */
1134
1135 char * retval;
1159483a 1136 char * newlocale;
a4f00dcc
KW		 1137 dTHX;
1138
a4f00dcc
KW		 1139#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1140
291a84fb
KW		 1141 /* A NULL locale means only query what the current one is. We have the
1142 * LC_NUMERIC name saved, because we are normally switched into the C
1143 * locale for it. For an LC_ALL query, switch back to get the correct
1144 * results. All other categories don't require special handling */
a4f00dcc
KW		 1145 if (locale == NULL) {
1146 if (category == LC_NUMERIC) {
1147 return savepv(PL_numeric_name);
1148 }
1149
7d4bcc4a 1150# ifdef LC_ALL
a4f00dcc 1151
c0d737a8
KW		 1152 else if (category == LC_ALL && ! PL_numeric_underlying) {
1153
a4f00dcc
KW		 1154 SET_NUMERIC_UNDERLYING();
1155 }
1156
7d4bcc4a 1157# endif
a4f00dcc
KW		 1158
1159 }
1160
1161#endif
1162
e5f10d49
KW		 1163 /* Save retval since subsequent setlocale() calls may overwrite it. */
1164 retval = savepv(do_setlocale_r(category, locale));
a4f00dcc
KW		 1165
1166 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1167 "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
1168 setlocale_debug_string(category, locale, retval)));
1169 if (! retval) {
1170 /* Should never happen that a query would return an error, but be
1171 * sure and reset to C locale */
1172 if (locale == 0) {
1173 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
1174 }
7d4bcc4a 1175
a4f00dcc
KW		 1176 return NULL;
1177 }
1178
a4f00dcc
KW		 1179 /* If locale == NULL, we are just querying the state, but may have switched
1180 * to NUMERIC_UNDERLYING. Switch back before returning. */
1181 if (locale == NULL) {
1182 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
1183 return retval;
1184 }
a4f00dcc 1185
1159483a
KW		 1186 /* Now that have switched locales, we have to update our records to
1187 * correspond. */
a4f00dcc 1188
1159483a 1189 switch (category) {
a4f00dcc 1190
1159483a 1191#ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
a4f00dcc 1192
1159483a
KW		 1193 case LC_CTYPE:
1194 new_ctype(retval);
1195 break;
a4f00dcc 1196
1159483a 1197#endif
a4f00dcc
KW		 1198#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1199
1159483a
KW		 1200 case LC_COLLATE:
1201 new_collate(retval);
1202 break;
a4f00dcc 1203
1159483a 1204#endif
a4f00dcc
KW		 1205#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1206
1159483a
KW		 1207 case LC_NUMERIC:
1208 new_numeric(retval);
1209 break;
a4f00dcc 1210
1159483a
KW		 1211#endif
1212#ifdef LC_ALL
a4f00dcc 1213
1159483a 1214 case LC_ALL:
a4f00dcc 1215
1159483a
KW		 1216 /* LC_ALL updates all the things we care about. The values may not
1217 * be the same as 'retval', as the locale "" may have set things
1218 * individually */
a4f00dcc 1219
1159483a 1220# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
a4f00dcc 1221
1159483a
KW		 1222 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
1223 new_ctype(newlocale);
a4f00dcc 1224
1159483a
KW		 1225# endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */
1226# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1227
1228 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_COLLATE, NULL);
1229 new_collate(newlocale);
a4f00dcc 1230
7d4bcc4a 1231# endif
1159483a 1232# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
a4f00dcc 1233
1159483a
KW		 1234 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, NULL);
1235 new_numeric(newlocale);
a4f00dcc 1236
1159483a
KW		 1237# endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
1238#endif /* LC_ALL */
a4f00dcc 1239
1159483a
KW		 1240 default:
1241 break;
a4f00dcc
KW		 1242 }
1243
1244 return retval;
1245
f7416781
KW		 1246
1247}
1248
1249PERL_STATIC_INLINE const char *
1250S_save_to_buffer(const char * string, char **buf, Size_t *buf_size, const Size_t offset)
1251{
1252 /* Copy the NUL-terminated 'string' to 'buf' + 'offset'. 'buf' has size 'buf_size',
1253 * growing it if necessary */
1254
1255 const Size_t string_size = strlen(string) + offset + 1;
1256
1257 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SAVE_TO_BUFFER;
1258
1259 if (*buf_size == 0) {
1260 Newx(*buf, string_size, char);
1261 *buf_size = string_size;
1262 }
1263 else if (string_size > *buf_size) {
1264 Renew(*buf, string_size, char);
1265 *buf_size = string_size;
1266 }
1267
1268 Copy(string, *buf + offset, string_size - offset, char);
1269 return *buf;
1270}
1271
1272/*
1273
1274=head1 Locale-related functions and macros
1275
1276=for apidoc Perl_langinfo
1277
7d4bcc4a 1278This is an (almost ª) drop-in replacement for the system C<L<nl_langinfo(3)>>,
f7416781
KW		 1279taking the same C<item> parameter values, and returning the same information.
1280But it is more thread-safe than regular C<nl_langinfo()>, and hides the quirks
1281of Perl's locale handling from your code, and can be used on systems that lack
1282a native C<nl_langinfo>.
1283
1284Expanding on these:
1285
1286=over
1287
1288=item *
1289
1290It delivers the correct results for the C<RADIXCHAR> and C<THOUSESEP> items,
1291without you having to write extra code. The reason for the extra code would be
1292because these are from the C<LC_NUMERIC> locale category, which is normally
1293kept set to the C locale by Perl, no matter what the underlying locale is
1294supposed to be, and so to get the expected results, you have to temporarily
1295toggle into the underlying locale, and later toggle back. (You could use
1296plain C<nl_langinfo> and C<L</STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING>> for this
1297but then you wouldn't get the other advantages of C<Perl_langinfo()>; not
1298keeping C<LC_NUMERIC> in the C locale would break a lot of CPAN, which is
1299expecting the radix (decimal point) character to be a dot.)
1300
1301=item *
1302
1303Depending on C<item>, it works on systems that don't have C<nl_langinfo>, hence
1304makes your code more portable. Of the fifty-some possible items specified by
1305the POSIX 2008 standard,
1306L<http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/langinfo.h.html>,
1307only two are completely unimplemented. It uses various techniques to recover
1308the other items, including calling C<L<localeconv(3)>>, and C<L<strftime(3)>>,
1309both of which are specified in C89, so should be always be available. Later
1310C<strftime()> versions have additional capabilities; C<""> is returned for
1311those not available on your system.
1312
1313The details for those items which may differ from what this emulation returns
1314and what a native C<nl_langinfo()> would return are:
1315
1316=over
1317
1318=item C<CODESET>
1319
1320=item C<ERA>
1321
1322Unimplemented, so returns C<"">.
1323
1324=item C<YESEXPR>
1325
c1566110
KW		 1326=item C<YESSTR>
1327
f7416781
KW		 1328=item C<NOEXPR>
1329
c1566110
KW		 1330=item C<NOSTR>
1331
1332Only the values for English are returned. C<YESSTR> and C<NOSTR> have been
1333removed from POSIX 2008, and are retained for backwards compatibility. Your
1334platform's C<nl_langinfo> may not support them.
f7416781
KW		 1335
1336=item C<D_FMT>
1337
1338Always evaluates to C<%x>, the locale's appropriate date representation.
1339
1340=item C<T_FMT>
1341
1342Always evaluates to C<%X>, the locale's appropriate time representation.
1343
1344=item C<D_T_FMT>
1345
1346Always evaluates to C<%c>, the locale's appropriate date and time
1347representation.
1348
1349=item C<CRNCYSTR>
1350
1351The return may be incorrect for those rare locales where the currency symbol
1352replaces the radix character.
1353Send email to L<mailto:perlbug@perl.org> if you have examples of it needing
1354to work differently.
1355
1356=item C<ALT_DIGITS>
1357
1358Currently this gives the same results as Linux does.
1359Send email to L<mailto:perlbug@perl.org> if you have examples of it needing
1360to work differently.
1361
1362=item C<ERA_D_FMT>
1363
1364=item C<ERA_T_FMT>
1365
1366=item C<ERA_D_T_FMT>
1367
1368=item C<T_FMT_AMPM>
1369
1370These are derived by using C<strftime()>, and not all versions of that function
1371know about them. C<""> is returned for these on such systems.
1372
1373=back
1374
1375When using C<Perl_langinfo> on systems that don't have a native
1376C<nl_langinfo()>, you must
1377
1378 #include "perl_langinfo.h"
1379
1380before the C<perl.h> C<#include>. You can replace your C<langinfo.h>
1381C<#include> with this one. (Doing it this way keeps out the symbols that plain
1382C<langinfo.h> imports into the namespace for code that doesn't need it.)
1383
1384You also should not use the bare C<langinfo.h> item names, but should preface
1385them with C<PERL_>, so use C<PERL_RADIXCHAR> instead of plain C<RADIXCHAR>.
1386The C<PERL_I<foo>> versions will also work for this function on systems that do
1387have a native C<nl_langinfo>.
1388
1389=item *
1390
1391It is thread-friendly, returning its result in a buffer that won't be
1392overwritten by another thread, so you don't have to code for that possibility.
1393The buffer can be overwritten by the next call to C<nl_langinfo> or
1394C<Perl_langinfo> in the same thread.
1395
1396=item *
1397
7d4bcc4a 1398ª It returns S<C<const char *>>, whereas plain C<nl_langinfo()> returns S<C<char
f7416781
KW		 1399*>>, but you are (only by documentation) forbidden to write into the buffer.
1400By declaring this C<const>, the compiler enforces this restriction. The extra
1401C<const> is why this isn't an unequivocal drop-in replacement for
1402C<nl_langinfo>.
1403
1404=back
1405
1406The original impetus for C<Perl_langinfo()> was so that code that needs to
1407find out the current currency symbol, floating point radix character, or digit
1408grouping separator can use, on all systems, the simpler and more
1409thread-friendly C<nl_langinfo> API instead of C<L<localeconv(3)>> which is a
1410pain to make thread-friendly. For other fields returned by C<localeconv>, it
1411is better to use the methods given in L<perlcall> to call
1412L<C<POSIX::localeconv()>|POSIX/localeconv>, which is thread-friendly.
1413
1414=cut
1415
1416*/
1417
1418const char *
1419#ifdef HAS_NL_LANGINFO
1420Perl_langinfo(const nl_item item)
1421#else
1422Perl_langinfo(const int item)
1423#endif
1424{
f61748ac
KW		 1425 return my_nl_langinfo(item, TRUE);
1426}
1427
1428const char *
1429#ifdef HAS_NL_LANGINFO
1430S_my_nl_langinfo(const nl_item item, bool toggle)
1431#else
1432S_my_nl_langinfo(const int item, bool toggle)
1433#endif
1434{
ae74815b 1435 dTHX;
f7416781 1436
5a854ab3
KW		 1437 /* We only need to toggle into the underlying LC_NUMERIC locale for these
1438 * two items, and only if not already there */
1439 if (toggle && (( item != PERL_RADIXCHAR && item != PERL_THOUSEP)
1440 || PL_numeric_underlying))
1441 {
1442 toggle = FALSE;
1443 }
1444
ab340fff
KW		 1445#if defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) /* nl_langinfo() is available. */
1446#if ! defined(HAS_POSIX_2008_LOCALE)
f7416781 1447
ab340fff 1448 /* Here, use plain nl_langinfo(), switching to the underlying LC_NUMERIC
ae74815b
KW		 1449 * for those items dependent on it. This must be copied to a buffer before
1450 * switching back, as some systems destroy the buffer when setlocale() is
1451 * called */
f7416781
KW		 1452
1453 LOCALE_LOCK;
1454
038d3702
KW		 1455 {
1456 DECLARATION_FOR_LC_NUMERIC_MANIPULATION;
1457
b2fee59c 1458 if (toggle) {
038d3702 1459 STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING();
b2fee59c 1460 }
f7416781 1461
b2fee59c
KW		 1462 save_to_buffer(nl_langinfo(item), &PL_langinfo_buf,
1463 &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
f7416781 1464
b2fee59c 1465 if (toggle) {
038d3702 1466 RESTORE_LC_NUMERIC();
b2fee59c 1467 }
f7416781
KW		 1468 }
1469
1470 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1471
ab340fff
KW		 1472# else /* Use nl_langinfo_l(), avoiding both a mutex and changing the locale */
1473
5a854ab3 1474 {
b2fee59c
KW		 1475 bool do_free = FALSE;
1476 locale_t cur = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
ab340fff 1477
b2fee59c
KW		 1478 if (cur == LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE) {
1479 cur = duplocale(LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
1480 do_free = TRUE;
1481 }
ab340fff 1482
b2fee59c
KW		 1483 if (toggle) {
1484 cur = newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, PL_numeric_name, cur);
1485 do_free = TRUE;
1486 }
ab340fff 1487
b2fee59c
KW		 1488 save_to_buffer(nl_langinfo_l(item, cur),
1489 &PL_langinfo_buf, &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
1490 if (do_free) {
1491 freelocale(cur);
1492 }
5a854ab3 1493 }
ab340fff 1494
c1566110
KW		 1495# endif
1496
1497 if (strEQ(PL_langinfo_buf, "")) {
1498 if (item == PERL_YESSTR) {
1499 return "yes";
1500 }
1501 if (item == PERL_NOSTR) {
1502 return "no";
1503 }
1504 }
1505
ab340fff
KW		 1506 return PL_langinfo_buf;
1507
f7416781 1508#else /* Below, emulate nl_langinfo as best we can */
43dd6b15
KW		 1509
1510 {
1511
f7416781
KW		 1512# ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
1513
43dd6b15 1514 const struct lconv* lc;
038d3702 1515 DECLARATION_FOR_LC_NUMERIC_MANIPULATION;
f7416781
KW		 1516
1517# endif
1518# ifdef HAS_STRFTIME
1519
43dd6b15
KW		 1520 struct tm tm;
1521 bool return_format = FALSE; /* Return the %format, not the value */
1522 const char * format;
f7416781
KW		 1523
1524# endif
1525
43dd6b15
KW		 1526 /* We copy the results to a per-thread buffer, even if not
1527 * multi-threaded. This is in part to simplify this code, and partly
1528 * because we need a buffer anyway for strftime(), and partly because a
1529 * call of localeconv() could otherwise wipe out the buffer, and the
1530 * programmer would not be expecting this, as this is a nl_langinfo()
1531 * substitute after all, so s/he might be thinking their localeconv()
1532 * is safe until another localeconv() call. */
f7416781 1533
43dd6b15
KW		 1534 switch (item) {
1535 Size_t len;
1536 const char * retval;
f7416781 1537
43dd6b15
KW		 1538 /* These 2 are unimplemented */
1539 case PERL_CODESET:
1540 case PERL_ERA: /* For use with strftime() %E modifier */
f7416781 1541
43dd6b15
KW		 1542 default:
1543 return "";
f7416781 1544
43dd6b15
KW		 1545 /* We use only an English set, since we don't know any more */
1546 case PERL_YESEXPR: return "^[+1yY]";
1547 case PERL_YESSTR: return "yes";
1548 case PERL_NOEXPR: return "^[-0nN]";
1549 case PERL_NOSTR: return "no";
f7416781
KW		 1550
1551# ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
1552
43dd6b15 1553 case PERL_CRNCYSTR:
f7416781 1554
43dd6b15 1555 LOCALE_LOCK;
f7416781 1556
43dd6b15
KW		 1557 /* We don't bother with localeconv_l() because any system that
1558 * has it is likely to also have nl_langinfo() */
291a84fb 1559
43dd6b15
KW		 1560 lc = localeconv();
1561 if ( ! lc
1562 || ! lc->currency_symbol
1563 || strEQ("", lc->currency_symbol))
1564 {
1565 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1566 return "";
1567 }
f7416781 1568
43dd6b15
KW		 1569 /* Leave the first spot empty to be filled in below */
1570 save_to_buffer(lc->currency_symbol, &PL_langinfo_buf,
1571 &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 1);
1572 if (lc->mon_decimal_point && strEQ(lc->mon_decimal_point, ""))
1573 { /* khw couldn't figure out how the localedef specifications
1574 would show that the $ should replace the radix; this is
1575 just a guess as to how it might work.*/
1576 *PL_langinfo_buf = '.';
1577 }
1578 else if (lc->p_cs_precedes) {
1579 *PL_langinfo_buf = '-';
1580 }
1581 else {
1582 *PL_langinfo_buf = '+';
1583 }
f7416781 1584
43dd6b15
KW		 1585 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1586 break;
f7416781 1587
43dd6b15
KW		 1588 case PERL_RADIXCHAR:
1589 case PERL_THOUSEP:
f7416781 1590
43dd6b15 1591 LOCALE_LOCK;
f7416781 1592
43dd6b15 1593 if (toggle) {
038d3702 1594 STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING();
c0d737a8 1595 }
f7416781 1596
43dd6b15
KW		 1597 lc = localeconv();
1598 if (! lc) {
33394adc
KW		 1599 retval = "";
1600 }
43dd6b15
KW		 1601 else {
1602 retval = (item == PERL_RADIXCHAR)
1603 ? lc->decimal_point
1604 : lc->thousands_sep;
1605 if (! retval) {
1606 retval = "";
1607 }
1608 }
f7416781 1609
43dd6b15
KW		 1610 save_to_buffer(retval, &PL_langinfo_buf,
1611 &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
f7416781 1612
43dd6b15 1613 if (toggle) {
038d3702 1614 RESTORE_LC_NUMERIC();
43dd6b15 1615 }
f7416781 1616
43dd6b15 1617 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
f7416781 1618
43dd6b15 1619 break;
f7416781
KW		 1620
1621# endif
1622# ifdef HAS_STRFTIME
1623
43dd6b15
KW		 1624 /* These are defined by C89, so we assume that strftime supports
1625 * them, and so are returned unconditionally; they may not be what
1626 * the locale actually says, but should give good enough results
1627 * for someone using them as formats (as opposed to trying to parse
1628 * them to figure out what the locale says). The other format
1629 * items are actually tested to verify they work on the platform */
1630 case PERL_D_FMT: return "%x";
1631 case PERL_T_FMT: return "%X";
1632 case PERL_D_T_FMT: return "%c";
1633
1634 /* These formats are only available in later strfmtime's */
1635 case PERL_ERA_D_FMT: case PERL_ERA_T_FMT: case PERL_ERA_D_T_FMT:
1636 case PERL_T_FMT_AMPM:
1637
1638 /* The rest can be gotten from most versions of strftime(). */
1639 case PERL_ABDAY_1: case PERL_ABDAY_2: case PERL_ABDAY_3:
1640 case PERL_ABDAY_4: case PERL_ABDAY_5: case PERL_ABDAY_6:
1641 case PERL_ABDAY_7:
1642 case PERL_ALT_DIGITS:
1643 case PERL_AM_STR: case PERL_PM_STR:
1644 case PERL_ABMON_1: case PERL_ABMON_2: case PERL_ABMON_3:
1645 case PERL_ABMON_4: case PERL_ABMON_5: case PERL_ABMON_6:
1646 case PERL_ABMON_7: case PERL_ABMON_8: case PERL_ABMON_9:
1647 case PERL_ABMON_10: case PERL_ABMON_11: case PERL_ABMON_12:
1648 case PERL_DAY_1: case PERL_DAY_2: case PERL_DAY_3: case PERL_DAY_4:
1649 case PERL_DAY_5: case PERL_DAY_6: case PERL_DAY_7:
1650 case PERL_MON_1: case PERL_MON_2: case PERL_MON_3: case PERL_MON_4:
1651 case PERL_MON_5: case PERL_MON_6: case PERL_MON_7: case PERL_MON_8:
1652 case PERL_MON_9: case PERL_MON_10: case PERL_MON_11:
1653 case PERL_MON_12:
1654
1655 LOCALE_LOCK;
1656
1657 init_tm(&tm); /* Precaution against core dumps */
1658 tm.tm_sec = 30;
1659 tm.tm_min = 30;
1660 tm.tm_hour = 6;
1661 tm.tm_year = 2017 - 1900;
1662 tm.tm_wday = 0;
1663 tm.tm_mon = 0;
1664 switch (item) {
1665 default:
1666 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1667 Perl_croak(aTHX_
1668 "panic: %s: %d: switch case: %d problem",
1669 __FILE__, __LINE__, item);
1670 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
1671
1672 case PERL_PM_STR: tm.tm_hour = 18;
1673 case PERL_AM_STR:
1674 format = "%p";
1675 break;
1676
1677 case PERL_ABDAY_7: tm.tm_wday++;
1678 case PERL_ABDAY_6: tm.tm_wday++;
1679 case PERL_ABDAY_5: tm.tm_wday++;
1680 case PERL_ABDAY_4: tm.tm_wday++;
1681 case PERL_ABDAY_3: tm.tm_wday++;
1682 case PERL_ABDAY_2: tm.tm_wday++;
1683 case PERL_ABDAY_1:
1684 format = "%a";
1685 break;
1686
1687 case PERL_DAY_7: tm.tm_wday++;
1688 case PERL_DAY_6: tm.tm_wday++;
1689 case PERL_DAY_5: tm.tm_wday++;
1690 case PERL_DAY_4: tm.tm_wday++;
1691 case PERL_DAY_3: tm.tm_wday++;
1692 case PERL_DAY_2: tm.tm_wday++;
1693 case PERL_DAY_1:
1694 format = "%A";
1695 break;
1696
1697 case PERL_ABMON_12: tm.tm_mon++;
1698 case PERL_ABMON_11: tm.tm_mon++;
1699 case PERL_ABMON_10: tm.tm_mon++;
1700 case PERL_ABMON_9: tm.tm_mon++;
1701 case PERL_ABMON_8: tm.tm_mon++;
1702 case PERL_ABMON_7: tm.tm_mon++;
1703 case PERL_ABMON_6: tm.tm_mon++;
1704 case PERL_ABMON_5: tm.tm_mon++;
1705 case PERL_ABMON_4: tm.tm_mon++;
1706 case PERL_ABMON_3: tm.tm_mon++;
1707 case PERL_ABMON_2: tm.tm_mon++;
1708 case PERL_ABMON_1:
1709 format = "%b";
1710 break;
1711
1712 case PERL_MON_12: tm.tm_mon++;
1713 case PERL_MON_11: tm.tm_mon++;
1714 case PERL_MON_10: tm.tm_mon++;
1715 case PERL_MON_9: tm.tm_mon++;
1716 case PERL_MON_8: tm.tm_mon++;
1717 case PERL_MON_7: tm.tm_mon++;
1718 case PERL_MON_6: tm.tm_mon++;
1719 case PERL_MON_5: tm.tm_mon++;
1720 case PERL_MON_4: tm.tm_mon++;
1721 case PERL_MON_3: tm.tm_mon++;
1722 case PERL_MON_2: tm.tm_mon++;
1723 case PERL_MON_1:
1724 format = "%B";
1725 break;
1726
1727 case PERL_T_FMT_AMPM:
1728 format = "%r";
1729 return_format = TRUE;
1730 break;
1731
1732 case PERL_ERA_D_FMT:
1733 format = "%Ex";
1734 return_format = TRUE;
1735 break;
1736
1737 case PERL_ERA_T_FMT:
1738 format = "%EX";
1739 return_format = TRUE;
1740 break;
1741
1742 case PERL_ERA_D_T_FMT:
1743 format = "%Ec";
1744 return_format = TRUE;
1745 break;
1746
1747 case PERL_ALT_DIGITS:
1748 tm.tm_wday = 0;
1749 format = "%Ow"; /* Find the alternate digit for 0 */
1750 break;
1751 }
f7416781 1752
43dd6b15
KW		 1753 /* We can't use my_strftime() because it doesn't look at
1754 * tm_wday */
1755 while (0 == strftime(PL_langinfo_buf, PL_langinfo_bufsize,
1756 format, &tm))
1757 {
1758 /* A zero return means one of:
1759 * a) there wasn't enough space in PL_langinfo_buf
1760 * b) the format, like a plain %p, returns empty
1761 * c) it was an illegal format, though some
1762 * implementations of strftime will just return the
1763 * illegal format as a plain character sequence.
1764 *
1765 * To quickly test for case 'b)', try again but precede
1766 * the format with a plain character. If that result is
1767 * still empty, the problem is either 'a)' or 'c)' */
1768
1769 Size_t format_size = strlen(format) + 1;
1770 Size_t mod_size = format_size + 1;
1771 char * mod_format;
1772 char * temp_result;
1773
1774 Newx(mod_format, mod_size, char);
1775 Newx(temp_result, PL_langinfo_bufsize, char);
6873aa47 1776 *mod_format = ' ';
43dd6b15
KW		 1777 my_strlcpy(mod_format + 1, format, mod_size);
1778 len = strftime(temp_result,
1779 PL_langinfo_bufsize,
1780 mod_format, &tm);
1781 Safefree(mod_format);
1782 Safefree(temp_result);
1783
1784 /* If 'len' is non-zero, it means that we had a case like
1785 * %p which means the current locale doesn't use a.m. or
1786 * p.m., and that is valid */
1787 if (len == 0) {
1788
1789 /* Here, still didn't work. If we get well beyond a
1790 * reasonable size, bail out to prevent an infinite
1791 * loop. */
1792
1793 if (PL_langinfo_bufsize > 100 * format_size) {
1794 *PL_langinfo_buf = '\0';
1795 }
1796 else {
1797 /* Double the buffer size to retry; Add 1 in case
1798 * original was 0, so we aren't stuck at 0. */
1799 PL_langinfo_bufsize *= 2;
1800 PL_langinfo_bufsize++;
1801 Renew(PL_langinfo_buf, PL_langinfo_bufsize, char);
1802 continue;
1803 }
1804 }
f7416781 1805
f7416781 1806 break;
43dd6b15 1807 }
f7416781 1808
43dd6b15
KW		 1809 /* Here, we got a result.
1810 *
1811 * If the item is 'ALT_DIGITS', PL_langinfo_buf contains the
1812 * alternate format for wday 0. If the value is the same as
1813 * the normal 0, there isn't an alternate, so clear the buffer.
1814 * */
1815 if ( item == PERL_ALT_DIGITS
1816 && strEQ(PL_langinfo_buf, "0"))
1817 {
1818 *PL_langinfo_buf = '\0';
1819 }
f7416781 1820
43dd6b15
KW		 1821 /* ALT_DIGITS is problematic. Experiments on it showed that
1822 * strftime() did not always work properly when going from
1823 * alt-9 to alt-10. Only a few locales have this item defined,
1824 * and in all of them on Linux that khw was able to find,
1825 * nl_langinfo() merely returned the alt-0 character, possibly
1826 * doubled. Most Unicode digits are in blocks of 10
1827 * consecutive code points, so that is sufficient information
1828 * for those scripts, as we can infer alt-1, alt-2, .... But
1829 * for a Japanese locale, a CJK ideographic 0 is returned, and
1830 * the CJK digits are not in code point order, so you can't
1831 * really infer anything. The localedef for this locale did
1832 * specify the succeeding digits, so that strftime() works
1833 * properly on them, without needing to infer anything. But
1834 * the nl_langinfo() return did not give sufficient information
1835 * for the caller to understand what's going on. So until
1836 * there is evidence that it should work differently, this
1837 * returns the alt-0 string for ALT_DIGITS.
1838 *
1839 * wday was chosen because its range is all a single digit.
1840 * Things like tm_sec have two digits as the minimum: '00' */
f7416781 1841
43dd6b15 1842 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
f7416781 1843
43dd6b15
KW		 1844 /* If to return the format, not the value, overwrite the buffer
1845 * with it. But some strftime()s will keep the original format
1846 * if illegal, so change those to "" */
1847 if (return_format) {
1848 if (strEQ(PL_langinfo_buf, format)) {
f7416781
KW		 1849 *PL_langinfo_buf = '\0';
1850 }
43dd6b15
KW		 1851 else {
1852 save_to_buffer(format, &PL_langinfo_buf,
1853 &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
f7416781
KW		 1854 }
1855 }
1856
1857 break;
f7416781
KW		 1858
1859# endif
1860
43dd6b15 1861 }
f7416781
KW		 1862 }
1863
1864 return PL_langinfo_buf;
1865
1866#endif
1867
a4f00dcc 1868}
b385bb4d 1869
98994639
HS		 1870/*
1871 * Initialize locale awareness.
1872 */
1873int
1874Perl_init_i18nl10n(pTHX_ int printwarn)
1875{
0e92a118
KW		 1876 /* printwarn is
1877 *
1878 * 0 if not to output warning when setup locale is bad
1879 * 1 if to output warning based on value of PERL_BADLANG
1880 * >1 if to output regardless of PERL_BADLANG
1881 *
1882 * returns
98994639 1883 * 1 = set ok or not applicable,
0e92a118
KW		 1884 * 0 = fallback to a locale of lower priority
1885 * -1 = fallback to all locales failed, not even to the C locale
6b058d42
KW		 1886 *
1887 * Under -DDEBUGGING, if the environment variable PERL_DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT is
1888 * set, debugging information is output.
1889 *
1890 * This looks more complicated than it is, mainly due to the #ifdefs.
1891 *
1892 * We try to set LC_ALL to the value determined by the environment. If
1893 * there is no LC_ALL on this platform, we try the individual categories we
1894 * know about. If this works, we are done.
1895 *
1896 * But if it doesn't work, we have to do something else. We search the
1897 * environment variables ourselves instead of relying on the system to do
1898 * it. We look at, in order, LC_ALL, LANG, a system default locale (if we
1899 * think there is one), and the ultimate fallback "C". This is all done in
1900 * the same loop as above to avoid duplicating code, but it makes things
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1901 * more complex. The 'trial_locales' array is initialized with just one
1902 * element; it causes the behavior described in the paragraph above this to
1903 * happen. If that fails, we add elements to 'trial_locales', and do extra
1904 * loop iterations to cause the behavior described in this paragraph.
6b058d42
KW		 1905 *
1906 * On Ultrix, the locale MUST come from the environment, so there is
1907 * preliminary code to set it. I (khw) am not sure that it is necessary,
1908 * and that this couldn't be folded into the loop, but barring any real
1909 * platforms to test on, it's staying as-is
1910 *
1911 * A slight complication is that in embedded Perls, the locale may already
1912 * be set-up, and we don't want to get it from the normal environment
1913 * variables. This is handled by having a special environment variable
1914 * indicate we're in this situation. We simply set setlocale's 2nd
1915 * parameter to be a NULL instead of "". That indicates to setlocale that
1916 * it is not to change anything, but to return the current value,
1917 * effectively initializing perl's db to what the locale already is.
1918 *
1919 * We play the same trick with NULL if a LC_ALL succeeds. We call
1920 * setlocale() on the individual categores with NULL to get their existing
1921 * values for our db, instead of trying to change them.
1922 * */
98994639 1923
0e92a118
KW		 1924 int ok = 1;
1925
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1926#ifndef USE_LOCALE
1927
1928 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(printwarn);
1929
1930#else /* USE_LOCALE */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1931# ifdef __GLIBC__
1932
175c4cf9 1933 const char * const language = savepv(PerlEnv_getenv("LANGUAGE"));
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1934
1935# endif
65ebb059 1936
ccd65d51
KW		 1937 /* NULL uses the existing already set up locale */
1938 const char * const setlocale_init = (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT"))
1939 ? NULL
1940 : "";
c3fcd832
KW		 1941 const char* trial_locales[5]; /* 5 = 1 each for "", LC_ALL, LANG, "", C */
1942 unsigned int trial_locales_count;
175c4cf9
KW		 1943 const char * const lc_all = savepv(PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL"));
1944 const char * const lang = savepv(PerlEnv_getenv("LANG"));
98994639 1945 bool setlocale_failure = FALSE;
65ebb059 1946 unsigned int i;
175c4cf9
KW		 1947
1948 /* A later getenv() could zap this, so only use here */
1949 const char * const bad_lang_use_once = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_BADLANG");
1950
1951 const bool locwarn = (printwarn > 1
e5f10d49
KW		 1952 || ( printwarn
1953 && ( ! bad_lang_use_once
22ff3130 1954 || (
e5f10d49
KW		 1955 /* disallow with "" or "0" */
1956 *bad_lang_use_once
1957 && strNE("0", bad_lang_use_once)))));
ea92aad8 1958
291a84fb 1959 /* setlocale() return vals; not copied so must be looked at immediately */
8de4332b 1960 const char * sl_result[NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX + 1];
291a84fb
KW		 1961
1962 /* current locale for given category; should have been copied so aren't
1963 * volatile */
8de4332b 1964 const char * curlocales[NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX + 1];
291a84fb 1965
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1966# ifdef WIN32
1967
6bce99ee
JH		 1968 /* In some systems you can find out the system default locale
1969 * and use that as the fallback locale. */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1970# define SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
1971# endif
1972# ifdef SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
1973
65ebb059 1974 const char *system_default_locale = NULL;
98994639 1975
7d4bcc4a 1976# endif
948523db
KW		 1977
1978# ifndef DEBUGGING
1979# define DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(a,b,c)
1980# else
7d4bcc4a 1981
8298454c 1982 DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(cBOOL(PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT")));
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1983
1984# define DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(category, locale, result) \
2fcc0ca9
KW		 1985 STMT_START { \
1986 if (debug_initialization) { \
1987 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, \
1988 "%s:%d: %s\n", \
1989 __FILE__, __LINE__, \
a4f00dcc 1990 setlocale_debug_string(category, \
2fcc0ca9
KW		 1991 locale, \
1992 result)); \
1993 } \
1994 } STMT_END
2fcc0ca9 1995
948523db
KW		 1996/* Make sure the parallel arrays are properly set up */
1997# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1998 assert(categories[LC_NUMERIC_INDEX] == LC_NUMERIC);
1999 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_NUMERIC_INDEX], "LC_NUMERIC"));
2000# endif
2001# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
2002 assert(categories[LC_CTYPE_INDEX] == LC_CTYPE);
2003 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_CTYPE_INDEX], "LC_CTYPE"));
2004# endif
2005# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2006 assert(categories[LC_COLLATE_INDEX] == LC_COLLATE);
2007 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_COLLATE_INDEX], "LC_COLLATE"));
2008# endif
2009# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
2010 assert(categories[LC_TIME_INDEX] == LC_TIME);
2011 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_TIME_INDEX], "LC_TIME"));
2012# endif
2013# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
2014 assert(categories[LC_MESSAGES_INDEX] == LC_MESSAGES);
2015 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_MESSAGES_INDEX], "LC_MESSAGES"));
2016# endif
2017# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
2018 assert(categories[LC_MONETARY_INDEX] == LC_MONETARY);
2019 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_MONETARY_INDEX], "LC_MONETARY"));
2020# endif
9821811f
KW		 2021# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
2022 assert(categories[LC_ADDRESS_INDEX] == LC_ADDRESS);
2023 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_ADDRESS_INDEX], "LC_ADDRESS"));
2024# endif
2025# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
2026 assert(categories[LC_IDENTIFICATION_INDEX] == LC_IDENTIFICATION);
2027 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_IDENTIFICATION_INDEX], "LC_IDENTIFICATION"));
2028# endif
2029# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
2030 assert(categories[LC_MEASUREMENT_INDEX] == LC_MEASUREMENT);
2031 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_MEASUREMENT_INDEX], "LC_MEASUREMENT"));
2032# endif
2033# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
2034 assert(categories[LC_PAPER_INDEX] == LC_PAPER);
2035 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_PAPER_INDEX], "LC_PAPER"));
2036# endif
2037# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
2038 assert(categories[LC_TELEPHONE_INDEX] == LC_TELEPHONE);
2039 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_TELEPHONE_INDEX], "LC_TELEPHONE"));
2040# endif
948523db
KW		 2041# ifdef LC_ALL
2042 assert(categories[LC_ALL_INDEX] == LC_ALL);
2043 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_ALL_INDEX], "LC_ALL"));
2044 assert(NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX == LC_ALL_INDEX);
2045# endif
2046# endif /* DEBUGGING */
47280b20
KW		 2047
2048 /* Initialize the cache of the program's UTF-8ness for the always known
2049 * locales C and POSIX */
2050 my_strlcpy(PL_locale_utf8ness, C_and_POSIX_utf8ness,
2051 sizeof(PL_locale_utf8ness));
2052
b56c4436 2053# ifdef LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED
98994639
HS		 2054
2055 /*
2056 * Ultrix setlocale(..., "") fails if there are no environment
2057 * variables from which to get a locale name.
2058 */
2059
b56c4436
KW		 2060# ifndef LC_ALL
2061# error Ultrix without LC_ALL not implemented
2062# else
7d4bcc4a 2063
b56c4436
KW		 2064 {
2065 bool done = FALSE;
ea92aad8
KW		 2066 if (lang) {
2067 sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX] = do_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, setlocale_init);
2068 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(LC_ALL, setlocale_init, sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX]);
2069 if (sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX])
2070 done = TRUE;
2071 else
e5f10d49 2072 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
ea92aad8
KW		 2073 }
2074 if (! setlocale_failure) {
2075 const char * locale_param;
2076 for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
2077 locale_param = (! done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i])))
2078 ? setlocale_init
2079 : NULL;
2080 sl_result[i] = do_setlocale_r(categories[i], locale_param);
2081 if (! sl_result[i]) {
2082 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
2083 }
2084 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(categories[i], locale_param, sl_result[i]);
e5f10d49 2085 }
c835d6be 2086 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2087 }
2088
2089# endif /* LC_ALL */
e5f10d49 2090# endif /* LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED */
98994639 2091
65ebb059 2092 /* We try each locale in the list until we get one that works, or exhaust
20a240df
KW		 2093 * the list. Normally the loop is executed just once. But if setting the
2094 * locale fails, inside the loop we add fallback trials to the array and so
2095 * will execute the loop multiple times */
c3fcd832
KW		 2096 trial_locales[0] = setlocale_init;
2097 trial_locales_count = 1;
7d4bcc4a 2098
65ebb059
KW		 2099 for (i= 0; i < trial_locales_count; i++) {
2100 const char * trial_locale = trial_locales[i];
2101
2102 if (i > 0) {
2103
2104 /* XXX This is to preserve old behavior for LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED
2105 * when i==0, but I (khw) don't think that behavior makes much
2106 * sense */
2107 setlocale_failure = FALSE;
2108
7d4bcc4a 2109# ifdef SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
291a84fb 2110# ifdef WIN32 /* Note that assumes Win32 has LC_ALL */
7d4bcc4a 2111
65ebb059
KW		 2112 /* On Windows machines, an entry of "" after the 0th means to use
2113 * the system default locale, which we now proceed to get. */
2114 if (strEQ(trial_locale, "")) {
2115 unsigned int j;
2116
2117 /* Note that this may change the locale, but we are going to do
2118 * that anyway just below */
837ce802 2119 system_default_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, "");
5d1187d1 2120 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(LC_ALL, "", system_default_locale);
65ebb059 2121
7d4bcc4a 2122 /* Skip if invalid or if it's already on the list of locales to
65ebb059
KW		 2123 * try */
2124 if (! system_default_locale) {
2125 goto next_iteration;
2126 }
2127 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2128 if (strEQ(system_default_locale, trial_locales[j])) {
2129 goto next_iteration;
2130 }
2131 }
2132
2133 trial_locale = system_default_locale;
2134 }
ec0202b5
KW		 2135# else
2136# error SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE only implemented for Win32
2137# endif
7d4bcc4a 2138# endif /* SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE */
291a84fb
KW		 2139
2140 } /* For i > 0 */
65ebb059 2141
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2142# ifdef LC_ALL
2143
948523db
KW		 2144 sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX] = do_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, trial_locale);
2145 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(LC_ALL, trial_locale, sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX]);
2146 if (! sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX]) {
49c85077 2147 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
7cd8b568
KW		 2148 }
2149 else {
2150 /* Since LC_ALL succeeded, it should have changed all the other
2151 * categories it can to its value; so we massage things so that the
2152 * setlocales below just return their category's current values.
2153 * This adequately handles the case in NetBSD where LC_COLLATE may
2154 * not be defined for a locale, and setting it individually will
7d4bcc4a 2155 * fail, whereas setting LC_ALL succeeds, leaving LC_COLLATE set to
7cd8b568
KW		 2156 * the POSIX locale. */
2157 trial_locale = NULL;
2158 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2159
2160# endif /* LC_ALL */
98994639 2161
e5f10d49
KW		 2162 if (! setlocale_failure) {
2163 unsigned int j;
2164 for (j = 0; j < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; j++) {
2165 curlocales[j]
2166 = savepv(do_setlocale_r(categories[j], trial_locale));
2167 if (! curlocales[j]) {
2168 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
2169 }
2170 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(categories[j], trial_locale, curlocales[j]);
2171 }
c835d6be 2172
e5f10d49
KW		 2173 if (! setlocale_failure) { /* All succeeded */
2174 break; /* Exit trial_locales loop */
49c85077 2175 }
65ebb059 2176 }
98994639 2177
49c85077
KW		 2178 /* Here, something failed; will need to try a fallback. */
2179 ok = 0;
65ebb059 2180
49c85077
KW		 2181 if (i == 0) {
2182 unsigned int j;
98994639 2183
65ebb059 2184 if (locwarn) { /* Output failure info only on the first one */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2185
2186# ifdef LC_ALL
98994639 2187
49c85077
KW		 2188 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2189 "perl: warning: Setting locale failed.\n");
98994639 2190
7d4bcc4a 2191# else /* !LC_ALL */
98994639 2192
49c85077
KW		 2193 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2194 "perl: warning: Setting locale failed for the categories:\n\t");
7d4bcc4a 2195
e5f10d49
KW		 2196 for (j = 0; j < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; j++) {
2197 if (! curlocales[j]) {
2198 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, category_names[j]);
2199 }
2200 else {
2201 Safefree(curlocales[j]);
2202 }
2203 }
7d4bcc4a 2204
7d4bcc4a 2205# endif /* LC_ALL */
98994639 2206
49c85077
KW		 2207 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2208 "perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:\n");
98994639 2209
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2210# ifdef __GLIBC__
2211
49c85077
KW		 2212 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2213 "\tLANGUAGE = %c%s%c,\n",
2214 language ? '"' : '(',
2215 language ? language : "unset",
2216 language ? '"' : ')');
7d4bcc4a 2217# endif
98994639 2218
49c85077
KW		 2219 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2220 "\tLC_ALL = %c%s%c,\n",
2221 lc_all ? '"' : '(',
2222 lc_all ? lc_all : "unset",
2223 lc_all ? '"' : ')');
98994639 2224
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2225# if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY)
2226
49c85077 2227 {
cd999af9 2228 char **e;
d5e32b93
KW		 2229
2230 /* Look through the environment for any variables of the
2231 * form qr/ ^ LC_ [A-Z]+ = /x, except LC_ALL which was
2232 * already handled above. These are assumed to be locale
2233 * settings. Output them and their values. */
cd999af9 2234 for (e = environ; *e; e++) {
d5e32b93
KW		 2235 const STRLEN prefix_len = sizeof("LC_") - 1;
2236 STRLEN uppers_len;
2237
cd999af9 2238 if ( strBEGINs(*e, "LC_")
c8b388b0 2239 && ! strBEGINs(*e, "LC_ALL=")
d5e32b93
KW		 2240 && (uppers_len = strspn(*e + prefix_len,
2241 "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"))
2242 && ((*e)[prefix_len + uppers_len] == '='))
cd999af9
KW		 2243 {
2244 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\t%.*s = \"%s\",\n",
d5e32b93
KW		 2245 (int) (prefix_len + uppers_len), *e,
2246 *e + prefix_len + uppers_len + 1);
cd999af9
KW		 2247 }
2248 }
49c85077 2249 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2250
2251# else
2252
49c85077
KW		 2253 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2254 "\t(possibly more locale environment variables)\n");
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2255
2256# endif
98994639 2257
49c85077
KW		 2258 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2259 "\tLANG = %c%s%c\n",
2260 lang ? '"' : '(',
2261 lang ? lang : "unset",
2262 lang ? '"' : ')');
98994639 2263
49c85077
KW		 2264 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2265 " are supported and installed on your system.\n");
2266 }
98994639 2267
65ebb059 2268 /* Calculate what fallback locales to try. We have avoided this
f6bab5f6 2269 * until we have to, because failure is quite unlikely. This will
65ebb059
KW		 2270 * usually change the upper bound of the loop we are in.
2271 *
2272 * Since the system's default way of setting the locale has not
2273 * found one that works, We use Perl's defined ordering: LC_ALL,
2274 * LANG, and the C locale. We don't try the same locale twice, so
2275 * don't add to the list if already there. (On POSIX systems, the
2276 * LC_ALL element will likely be a repeat of the 0th element "",
6b058d42
KW		 2277 * but there's no harm done by doing it explicitly.
2278 *
2279 * Note that this tries the LC_ALL environment variable even on
2280 * systems which have no LC_ALL locale setting. This may or may
2281 * not have been originally intentional, but there's no real need
2282 * to change the behavior. */
65ebb059
KW		 2283 if (lc_all) {
2284 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2285 if (strEQ(lc_all, trial_locales[j])) {
2286 goto done_lc_all;
2287 }
2288 }
2289 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = lc_all;
2290 }
2291 done_lc_all:
98994639 2292
65ebb059
KW		 2293 if (lang) {
2294 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2295 if (strEQ(lang, trial_locales[j])) {
2296 goto done_lang;
2297 }
2298 }
2299 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = lang;
2300 }
2301 done_lang:
2302
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2303# if defined(WIN32) && defined(LC_ALL)
2304
65ebb059
KW		 2305 /* For Windows, we also try the system default locale before "C".
2306 * (If there exists a Windows without LC_ALL we skip this because
2307 * it gets too complicated. For those, the "C" is the next
2308 * fallback possibility). The "" is the same as the 0th element of
2309 * the array, but the code at the loop above knows to treat it
2310 * differently when not the 0th */
2311 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = "";
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2312
2313# endif
65ebb059
KW		 2314
2315 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2316 if (strEQ("C", trial_locales[j])) {
2317 goto done_C;
2318 }
2319 }
2320 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = "C";
98994639 2321
65ebb059
KW		 2322 done_C: ;
2323 } /* end of first time through the loop */
98994639 2324
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2325# ifdef WIN32
2326
65ebb059 2327 next_iteration: ;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2328
2329# endif
65ebb059
KW		 2330
2331 } /* end of looping through the trial locales */
2332
2333 if (ok < 1) { /* If we tried to fallback */
2334 const char* msg;
2335 if (! setlocale_failure) { /* fallback succeeded */
2336 msg = "Falling back to";
2337 }
2338 else { /* fallback failed */
e5f10d49 2339 unsigned int j;
98994639 2340
65ebb059
KW		 2341 /* We dropped off the end of the loop, so have to decrement i to
2342 * get back to the value the last time through */
2343 i--;
98994639 2344
65ebb059
KW		 2345 ok = -1;
2346 msg = "Failed to fall back to";
2347
2348 /* To continue, we should use whatever values we've got */
7d4bcc4a 2349
e5f10d49
KW		 2350 for (j = 0; j < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; j++) {
2351 Safefree(curlocales[j]);
2352 curlocales[j] = savepv(do_setlocale_r(categories[j], NULL));
2353 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(categories[j], NULL, curlocales[j]);
2354 }
65ebb059
KW		 2355 }
2356
2357 if (locwarn) {
2358 const char * description;
2359 const char * name = "";
2360 if (strEQ(trial_locales[i], "C")) {
2361 description = "the standard locale";
2362 name = "C";
2363 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2364
2365# ifdef SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
2366
65ebb059
KW		 2367 else if (strEQ(trial_locales[i], "")) {
2368 description = "the system default locale";
2369 if (system_default_locale) {
2370 name = system_default_locale;
2371 }
2372 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2373
2374# endif /* SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE */
2375
65ebb059
KW		 2376 else {
2377 description = "a fallback locale";
2378 name = trial_locales[i];
2379 }
2380 if (name && strNE(name, "")) {
2381 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2382 "perl: warning: %s %s (\"%s\").\n", msg, description, name);
2383 }
2384 else {
2385 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2386 "perl: warning: %s %s.\n", msg, description);
2387 }
2388 }
2389 } /* End of tried to fallback */
98994639 2390
e5f10d49
KW		 2391 /* Done with finding the locales; update our records */
2392
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2393# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
2394
948523db 2395 new_ctype(curlocales[LC_CTYPE_INDEX]);
98994639 2396
e5f10d49 2397# endif
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2398# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2399
948523db 2400 new_collate(curlocales[LC_COLLATE_INDEX]);
98994639 2401
e5f10d49 2402# endif
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2403# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
2404
948523db 2405 new_numeric(curlocales[LC_NUMERIC_INDEX]);
e5f10d49
KW		 2406
2407# endif
2408
948523db 2409 for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
47280b20
KW		 2410
2411# if defined(USE_ITHREADS)
2412
2413 /* This caches whether each category's locale is UTF-8 or not. This
2414 * may involve changing the locale. It is ok to do this at
2415 * initialization time before any threads have started, but not later.
2416 * Caching means that if the program heeds our dictate not to change
2417 * locales in threaded applications, this data will remain valid, and
2418 * it may get queried without changing locales. If the environment is
2419 * such that all categories have the same locale, this isn't needed, as
2420 * the code will not change the locale; but this handles the uncommon
2421 * case where the environment has disparate locales for the categories
2422 * */
2423 (void) _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(categories[i]);
2424
2425# endif
2426
e5f10d49
KW		 2427 Safefree(curlocales[i]);
2428 }
b310b053 2429
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2430# if defined(USE_PERLIO) && defined(USE_LOCALE_CTYPE)
2431
49c85077 2432 /* Set PL_utf8locale to TRUE if using PerlIO _and_ the current LC_CTYPE
50bf02bd
KW		 2433 * locale is UTF-8. The call to new_ctype() just above has already
2434 * calculated the latter value and saved it in PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale. If
2435 * both PL_utf8locale and PL_unicode (set by -C or by $ENV{PERL_UNICODE})
2436 * are true, perl.c:S_parse_body() will turn on the PerlIO :utf8 layer on
2437 * STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR, _and_ the default open discipline. */
2438 PL_utf8locale = PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale;
49c85077 2439
a05d7ebb 2440 /* Set PL_unicode to $ENV{PERL_UNICODE} if using PerlIO.
fde18df1
JH		 2441 This is an alternative to using the -C command line switch
2442 (the -C if present will override this). */
2443 {
dd374669 2444 const char *p = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_UNICODE");
a05d7ebb 2445 PL_unicode = p ? parse_unicode_opts(&p) : 0;
5a22a2bb
NC		 2446 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG)
2447 PL_utf8cache = -1;
b310b053
JH		 2448 }
2449
7d4bcc4a 2450# endif
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2451# ifdef __GLIBC__
2452
175c4cf9 2453 Safefree(language);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2454
2455# endif
175c4cf9
KW		 2456
2457 Safefree(lc_all);
2458 Safefree(lang);
2459
e3305790 2460#endif /* USE_LOCALE */
2fcc0ca9 2461#ifdef DEBUGGING
7d4bcc4a 2462
2fcc0ca9 2463 /* So won't continue to output stuff */
27cdc72e 2464 DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(FALSE);
7d4bcc4a 2465
2fcc0ca9
KW		 2466#endif
2467
98994639
HS		 2468 return ok;
2469}
2470
98994639
HS		 2471#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2472
a4a439fb 2473char *
a4a439fb
KW		 2474Perl__mem_collxfrm(pTHX_ const char *input_string,
2475 STRLEN len, /* Length of 'input_string' */
2476 STRLEN *xlen, /* Set to length of returned string
2477 (not including the collation index
2478 prefix) */
2479 bool utf8 /* Is the input in UTF-8? */
6696cfa7 2480 )
98994639 2481{
a4a439fb
KW		 2482
2483 /* _mem_collxfrm() is a bit like strxfrm() but with two important
2484 * differences. First, it handles embedded NULs. Second, it allocates a bit
2485 * more memory than needed for the transformed data itself. The real
55e5378d 2486 * transformed data begins at offset COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN. *xlen is set to
a4a439fb
KW		 2487 * the length of that, and doesn't include the collation index size.
2488 * Please see sv_collxfrm() to see how this is used. */
2489
55e5378d
KW		 2490#define COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN sizeof(PL_collation_ix)
2491
6696cfa7
KW		 2492 char * s = (char *) input_string;
2493 STRLEN s_strlen = strlen(input_string);
79f120c8 2494 char *xbuf = NULL;
55e5378d 2495 STRLEN xAlloc; /* xalloc is a reserved word in VC */
17f41037 2496 STRLEN length_in_chars;
c664130f 2497 bool first_time = TRUE; /* Cleared after first loop iteration */
98994639 2498
a4a439fb
KW		 2499 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT__MEM_COLLXFRM;
2500
2501 /* Must be NUL-terminated */
2502 assert(*(input_string + len) == '\0');
7918f24d 2503
79f120c8
KW		 2504 /* If this locale has defective collation, skip */
2505 if (PL_collxfrm_base == 0 && PL_collxfrm_mult == 0) {
c7202dee
KW		 2506 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2507 "_mem_collxfrm: locale's collation is defective\n"));
79f120c8
KW		 2508 goto bad;
2509 }
2510
6696cfa7
KW		 2511 /* Replace any embedded NULs with the control that sorts before any others.
2512 * This will give as good as possible results on strings that don't
2513 * otherwise contain that character, but otherwise there may be
2514 * less-than-perfect results with that character and NUL. This is
fdc080f3 2515 * unavoidable unless we replace strxfrm with our own implementation. */
fd43f63c
KW		 2516 if (UNLIKELY(s_strlen < len)) { /* Only execute if there is an embedded
2517 NUL */
6696cfa7
KW		 2518 char * e = s + len;
2519 char * sans_nuls;
fdc080f3 2520 STRLEN sans_nuls_len;
94762aa0 2521 int try_non_controls;
afc4976f
KW		 2522 char this_replacement_char[] = "?\0"; /* Room for a two-byte string,
2523 making sure 2nd byte is NUL.
2524 */
2525 STRLEN this_replacement_len;
2526
1e4c9676
KW		 2527 /* If we don't know what non-NUL control character sorts lowest for
2528 * this locale, find it */
f28f4d2a 2529 if (PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement == '\0') {
6696cfa7 2530 int j;
afc4976f 2531 char * cur_min_x = NULL; /* The min_char's xfrm, (except it also
6696cfa7
KW		 2532 includes the collation index
2533 prefixed. */
2534
91c0e2e0 2535 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Looking to replace NUL\n"));
94762aa0
KW		 2536
2537 /* Unlikely, but it may be that no control will work to replace
1e4c9676
KW		 2538 * NUL, in which case we instead look for any character. Controls
2539 * are preferred because collation order is, in general, context
2540 * sensitive, with adjoining characters affecting the order, and
2541 * controls are less likely to have such interactions, allowing the
2542 * NUL-replacement to stand on its own. (Another way to look at it
2543 * is to imagine what would happen if the NUL were replaced by a
2544 * combining character; it wouldn't work out all that well.) */
94762aa0
KW		 2545 for (try_non_controls = 0;
2546 try_non_controls < 2;
2547 try_non_controls++)
2548 {
d4ff9586
KW		 2549 /* Look through all legal code points (NUL isn't) */
2550 for (j = 1; j < 256; j++) {
2551 char * x; /* j's xfrm plus collation index */
2552 STRLEN x_len; /* length of 'x' */
2553 STRLEN trial_len = 1;
736a4fed 2554 char cur_source[] = { '\0', '\0' };
d4ff9586 2555
736a4fed
KW		 2556 /* Skip non-controls the first time through the loop. The
2557 * controls in a UTF-8 locale are the L1 ones */
afc4976f
KW		 2558 if (! try_non_controls && (PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale)
2559 ? ! isCNTRL_L1(j)
2560 : ! isCNTRL_LC(j))
2561 {
d4ff9586 2562 continue;
6696cfa7 2563 }
6696cfa7 2564
736a4fed
KW		 2565 /* Create a 1-char string of the current code point */
2566 cur_source[0] = (char) j;
2567
d4ff9586
KW		 2568 /* Then transform it */
2569 x = _mem_collxfrm(cur_source, trial_len, &x_len,
afc4976f 2570 0 /* The string is not in UTF-8 */);
6696cfa7 2571
1e4c9676 2572 /* Ignore any character that didn't successfully transform.
d4ff9586
KW		 2573 * */
2574 if (! x) {
2575 continue;
2576 }
6696cfa7 2577
d4ff9586
KW		 2578 /* If this character's transformation is lower than
2579 * the current lowest, this one becomes the lowest */
2580 if ( cur_min_x == NULL
2581 || strLT(x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
2582 cur_min_x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN))
2583 {
f28f4d2a 2584 PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement = j;
d4ff9586 2585 cur_min_x = x;
d4ff9586
KW		 2586 }
2587 else {
2588 Safefree(x);
2589 }
1e4c9676 2590 } /* end of loop through all 255 characters */
6696cfa7 2591
1e4c9676 2592 /* Stop looking if found */
94762aa0
KW		 2593 if (cur_min_x) {
2594 break;
2595 }
2596
2597 /* Unlikely, but possible, if there aren't any controls that
2598 * work in the locale, repeat the loop, looking for any
2599 * character that works */
2600 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2601 "_mem_collxfrm: No control worked. Trying non-controls\n"));
1e4c9676 2602 } /* End of loop to try first the controls, then any char */
6696cfa7 2603
94762aa0
KW		 2604 if (! cur_min_x) {
2605 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2606 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't find any character to replace"
2607 " embedded NULs in locale %s with", PL_collation_name));
2608 goto bad;
58eebef2
KW		 2609 }
2610
94762aa0
KW		 2611 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2612 "_mem_collxfrm: Replacing embedded NULs in locale %s with "
f28f4d2a 2613 "0x%02X\n", PL_collation_name, PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement));
94762aa0 2614
6696cfa7 2615 Safefree(cur_min_x);
1e4c9676 2616 } /* End of determining the character that is to replace NULs */
afc4976f
KW		 2617
2618 /* If the replacement is variant under UTF-8, it must match the
291a84fb 2619 * UTF8-ness of the original */
f28f4d2a
KW		 2620 if ( ! UVCHR_IS_INVARIANT(PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement) && utf8) {
2621 this_replacement_char[0] =
2622 UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_HI(PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement);
2623 this_replacement_char[1] =
2624 UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_LO(PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement);
afc4976f
KW		 2625 this_replacement_len = 2;
2626 }
2627 else {
f28f4d2a 2628 this_replacement_char[0] = PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement;
afc4976f
KW		 2629 /* this_replacement_char[1] = '\0' was done at initialization */
2630 this_replacement_len = 1;
6696cfa7
KW		 2631 }
2632
2633 /* The worst case length for the replaced string would be if every
2634 * character in it is NUL. Multiply that by the length of each
2635 * replacement, and allow for a trailing NUL */
afc4976f 2636 sans_nuls_len = (len * this_replacement_len) + 1;
fdc080f3 2637 Newx(sans_nuls, sans_nuls_len, char);
6696cfa7
KW		 2638 *sans_nuls = '\0';
2639
6696cfa7
KW		 2640 /* Replace each NUL with the lowest collating control. Loop until have
2641 * exhausted all the NULs */
2642 while (s + s_strlen < e) {
6069d6c5 2643 my_strlcat(sans_nuls, s, sans_nuls_len);
6696cfa7
KW		 2644
2645 /* Do the actual replacement */
6069d6c5 2646 my_strlcat(sans_nuls, this_replacement_char, sans_nuls_len);
6696cfa7
KW		 2647
2648 /* Move past the input NUL */
2649 s += s_strlen + 1;
2650 s_strlen = strlen(s);
2651 }
2652
2653 /* And add anything that trails the final NUL */
6069d6c5 2654 my_strlcat(sans_nuls, s, sans_nuls_len);
6696cfa7
KW		 2655
2656 /* Switch so below we transform this modified string */
2657 s = sans_nuls;
2658 len = strlen(s);
1e4c9676 2659 } /* End of replacing NULs */
6696cfa7 2660
a4a439fb
KW		 2661 /* Make sure the UTF8ness of the string and locale match */
2662 if (utf8 != PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale) {
2663 const char * const t = s; /* Temporary so we can later find where the
2664 input was */
2665
2666 /* Here they don't match. Change the string's to be what the locale is
2667 * expecting */
2668
2669 if (! utf8) { /* locale is UTF-8, but input isn't; upgrade the input */
2670 s = (char *) bytes_to_utf8((const U8 *) s, &len);
2671 utf8 = TRUE;
2672 }
2673 else { /* locale is not UTF-8; but input is; downgrade the input */
2674
2675 s = (char *) bytes_from_utf8((const U8 *) s, &len, &utf8);
2676
2677 /* If the downgrade was successful we are done, but if the input
2678 * contains things that require UTF-8 to represent, have to do
2679 * damage control ... */
2680 if (UNLIKELY(utf8)) {
2681
2682 /* What we do is construct a non-UTF-8 string with
2683 * 1) the characters representable by a single byte converted
2684 * to be so (if necessary);
2685 * 2) and the rest converted to collate the same as the
2686 * highest collating representable character. That makes
2687 * them collate at the end. This is similar to how we
2688 * handle embedded NULs, but we use the highest collating
2689 * code point instead of the smallest. Like the NUL case,
2690 * this isn't perfect, but is the best we can reasonably
2691 * do. Every above-255 code point will sort the same as
2692 * the highest-sorting 0-255 code point. If that code
2693 * point can combine in a sequence with some other code
2694 * points for weight calculations, us changing something to
2695 * be it can adversely affect the results. But in most
2696 * cases, it should work reasonably. And note that this is
2697 * really an illegal situation: using code points above 255
2698 * on a locale where only 0-255 are valid. If two strings
2699 * sort entirely equal, then the sort order for the
2700 * above-255 code points will be in code point order. */
2701
2702 utf8 = FALSE;
2703
2704 /* If we haven't calculated the code point with the maximum
2705 * collating order for this locale, do so now */
2706 if (! PL_strxfrm_max_cp) {
2707 int j;
2708
2709 /* The current transformed string that collates the
2710 * highest (except it also includes the prefixed collation
2711 * index. */
2712 char * cur_max_x = NULL;
2713
2714 /* Look through all legal code points (NUL isn't) */
2715 for (j = 1; j < 256; j++) {
2716 char * x;
2717 STRLEN x_len;
736a4fed 2718 char cur_source[] = { '\0', '\0' };
a4a439fb 2719
736a4fed
KW		 2720 /* Create a 1-char string of the current code point */
2721 cur_source[0] = (char) j;
a4a439fb
KW		 2722
2723 /* Then transform it */
2724 x = _mem_collxfrm(cur_source, 1, &x_len, FALSE);
2725
2726 /* If something went wrong (which it shouldn't), just
2727 * ignore this code point */
94762aa0 2728 if (! x) {
a4a439fb
KW		 2729 continue;
2730 }
2731
2732 /* If this character's transformation is higher than
2733 * the current highest, this one becomes the highest */
2734 if ( cur_max_x == NULL
55e5378d
KW		 2735 || strGT(x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
2736 cur_max_x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN))
a4a439fb
KW		 2737 {
2738 PL_strxfrm_max_cp = j;
2739 cur_max_x = x;
2740 }
2741 else {
2742 Safefree(x);
2743 }
2744 }
2745
94762aa0
KW		 2746 if (! cur_max_x) {
2747 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2748 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't find any character to"
2749 " replace above-Latin1 chars in locale %s with",
2750 PL_collation_name));
2751 goto bad;
2752 }
2753
58eebef2
KW		 2754 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2755 "_mem_collxfrm: highest 1-byte collating character"
2756 " in locale %s is 0x%02X\n",
2757 PL_collation_name,
2758 PL_strxfrm_max_cp));
58eebef2 2759
a4a439fb
KW		 2760 Safefree(cur_max_x);
2761 }
2762
2763 /* Here we know which legal code point collates the highest.
2764 * We are ready to construct the non-UTF-8 string. The length
2765 * will be at least 1 byte smaller than the input string
2766 * (because we changed at least one 2-byte character into a
2767 * single byte), but that is eaten up by the trailing NUL */
2768 Newx(s, len, char);
2769
2770 {
2771 STRLEN i;
2772 STRLEN d= 0;
042d9e50 2773 char * e = (char *) t + len;
a4a439fb
KW		 2774
2775 for (i = 0; i < len; i+= UTF8SKIP(t + i)) {
2776 U8 cur_char = t[i];
2777 if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(cur_char)) {
2778 s[d++] = cur_char;
2779 }
042d9e50 2780 else if (UTF8_IS_NEXT_CHAR_DOWNGRADEABLE(t + i, e)) {
a4a439fb
KW		 2781 s[d++] = EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(cur_char, t[i+1]);
2782 }
2783 else { /* Replace illegal cp with highest collating
2784 one */
2785 s[d++] = PL_strxfrm_max_cp;
2786 }
2787 }
2788 s[d++] = '\0';
2789 Renew(s, d, char); /* Free up unused space */
2790 }
2791 }
2792 }
2793
2794 /* Here, we have constructed a modified version of the input. It could
2795 * be that we already had a modified copy before we did this version.
2796 * If so, that copy is no longer needed */
2797 if (t != input_string) {
2798 Safefree(t);
2799 }
2800 }
2801
17f41037
KW		 2802 length_in_chars = (utf8)
2803 ? utf8_length((U8 *) s, (U8 *) s + len)
2804 : len;
2805
59c018b9
KW		 2806 /* The first element in the output is the collation id, used by
2807 * sv_collxfrm(); then comes the space for the transformed string. The
2808 * equation should give us a good estimate as to how much is needed */
55e5378d 2809 xAlloc = COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN
a4a439fb 2810 + PL_collxfrm_base
17f41037 2811 + (PL_collxfrm_mult * length_in_chars);
a02a5408 2812 Newx(xbuf, xAlloc, char);
c7202dee
KW		 2813 if (UNLIKELY(! xbuf)) {
2814 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2815 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't malloc %zu bytes\n", xAlloc));
98994639 2816 goto bad;
c7202dee 2817 }
98994639 2818
d35fca5f 2819 /* Store the collation id */
98994639 2820 *(U32*)xbuf = PL_collation_ix;
d35fca5f
KW		 2821
2822 /* Then the transformation of the input. We loop until successful, or we
2823 * give up */
4ebeff16 2824 for (;;) {
1adab0a7 2825
55e5378d 2826 *xlen = strxfrm(xbuf + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN, s, xAlloc - COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN);
4ebeff16
KW		 2827
2828 /* If the transformed string occupies less space than we told strxfrm()
2829 * was available, it means it successfully transformed the whole
2830 * string. */
55e5378d 2831 if (*xlen < xAlloc - COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN) {
17f41037 2832
1adab0a7
KW		 2833 /* Some systems include a trailing NUL in the returned length.
2834 * Ignore it, using a loop in case multiple trailing NULs are
2835 * returned. */
2836 while ( (*xlen) > 0
2837 && *(xbuf + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN + (*xlen) - 1) == '\0')
2838 {
2839 (*xlen)--;
2840 }
2841
17f41037
KW		 2842 /* If the first try didn't get it, it means our prediction was low.
2843 * Modify the coefficients so that we predict a larger value in any
2844 * future transformations */
2845 if (! first_time) {
2846 STRLEN needed = *xlen + 1; /* +1 For trailing NUL */
2847 STRLEN computed_guess = PL_collxfrm_base
2848 + (PL_collxfrm_mult * length_in_chars);
e1c30f0c
KW		 2849
2850 /* On zero-length input, just keep current slope instead of
2851 * dividing by 0 */
2852 const STRLEN new_m = (length_in_chars != 0)
2853 ? needed / length_in_chars
2854 : PL_collxfrm_mult;
17f41037
KW		 2855
2856 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4
KW		 2857 "%s: %d: initial size of %zu bytes for a length "
2858 "%zu string was insufficient, %zu needed\n",
17f41037 2859 __FILE__, __LINE__,
b07929e4 2860 computed_guess, length_in_chars, needed));
17f41037
KW		 2861
2862 /* If slope increased, use it, but discard this result for
2863 * length 1 strings, as we can't be sure that it's a real slope
2864 * change */
2865 if (length_in_chars > 1 && new_m > PL_collxfrm_mult) {
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2866
2867# ifdef DEBUGGING
2868
17f41037
KW		 2869 STRLEN old_m = PL_collxfrm_mult;
2870 STRLEN old_b = PL_collxfrm_base;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2871
2872# endif
2873
17f41037
KW		 2874 PL_collxfrm_mult = new_m;
2875 PL_collxfrm_base = 1; /* +1 For trailing NUL */
2876 computed_guess = PL_collxfrm_base
2877 + (PL_collxfrm_mult * length_in_chars);
2878 if (computed_guess < needed) {
2879 PL_collxfrm_base += needed - computed_guess;
2880 }
2881
2882 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4
KW		 2883 "%s: %d: slope is now %zu; was %zu, base "
2884 "is now %zu; was %zu\n",
17f41037 2885 __FILE__, __LINE__,
b07929e4
KW		 2886 PL_collxfrm_mult, old_m,
2887 PL_collxfrm_base, old_b));
17f41037
KW		 2888 }
2889 else { /* Slope didn't change, but 'b' did */
2890 const STRLEN new_b = needed
2891 - computed_guess
2892 + PL_collxfrm_base;
2893 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4 2894 "%s: %d: base is now %zu; was %zu\n",
17f41037 2895 __FILE__, __LINE__,
b07929e4 2896 new_b, PL_collxfrm_base));
17f41037
KW		 2897 PL_collxfrm_base = new_b;
2898 }
2899 }
2900
4ebeff16
KW		 2901 break;
2902 }
bb0f664e 2903
c7202dee
KW		 2904 if (UNLIKELY(*xlen >= PERL_INT_MAX)) {
2905 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2906 "_mem_collxfrm: Needed %zu bytes, max permissible is %u\n",
2907 *xlen, PERL_INT_MAX));
4ebeff16 2908 goto bad;
c7202dee 2909 }
d35fca5f 2910
c664130f 2911 /* A well-behaved strxfrm() returns exactly how much space it needs
1adab0a7
KW		 2912 * (usually not including the trailing NUL) when it fails due to not
2913 * enough space being provided. Assume that this is the case unless
2914 * it's been proven otherwise */
c664130f 2915 if (LIKELY(PL_strxfrm_is_behaved) && first_time) {
55e5378d 2916 xAlloc = *xlen + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN + 1;
c664130f
KW		 2917 }
2918 else { /* Here, either:
2919 * 1) The strxfrm() has previously shown bad behavior; or
2920 * 2) It isn't the first time through the loop, which means
2921 * that the strxfrm() is now showing bad behavior, because
2922 * we gave it what it said was needed in the previous
2923 * iteration, and it came back saying it needed still more.
2924 * (Many versions of cygwin fit this. When the buffer size
2925 * isn't sufficient, they return the input size instead of
2926 * how much is needed.)
d4ff9586
KW		 2927 * Increase the buffer size by a fixed percentage and try again.
2928 * */
6ddd902c 2929 xAlloc += (xAlloc / 4) + 1;
c664130f 2930 PL_strxfrm_is_behaved = FALSE;
c664130f 2931
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2932# ifdef DEBUGGING
2933
58eebef2
KW		 2934 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
2935 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2936 "_mem_collxfrm required more space than previously calculated"
b07929e4 2937 " for locale %s, trying again with new guess=%d+%zu\n",
58eebef2 2938 PL_collation_name, (int) COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
b07929e4 2939 xAlloc - COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN);
58eebef2 2940 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2941
2942# endif
2943
58eebef2 2944 }
c664130f 2945
4ebeff16 2946 Renew(xbuf, xAlloc, char);
c7202dee
KW		 2947 if (UNLIKELY(! xbuf)) {
2948 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2949 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't realloc %zu bytes\n", xAlloc));
4ebeff16 2950 goto bad;
c7202dee 2951 }
c664130f
KW		 2952
2953 first_time = FALSE;
4ebeff16 2954 }
98994639 2955
6696cfa7 2956
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2957# ifdef DEBUGGING
2958
58eebef2 2959 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
c7202dee
KW		 2960
2961 print_collxfrm_input_and_return(s, s + len, xlen, utf8);
2962 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Its xfrm is:");
7e2f38b2
KW		 2963 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s\n",
2964 _byte_dump_string((U8 *) xbuf + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
2965 *xlen, 1));
58eebef2 2966 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2967
2968# endif
58eebef2 2969
3c5f993e 2970 /* Free up unneeded space; retain ehough for trailing NUL */
55e5378d 2971 Renew(xbuf, COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN + *xlen + 1, char);
98994639 2972
6696cfa7
KW		 2973 if (s != input_string) {
2974 Safefree(s);
98994639
HS		 2975 }
2976
98994639
HS		 2977 return xbuf;
2978
2979 bad:
2980 Safefree(xbuf);
6696cfa7
KW		 2981 if (s != input_string) {
2982 Safefree(s);
2983 }
98994639 2984 *xlen = 0;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2985
2986# ifdef DEBUGGING
2987
58eebef2 2988 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
c7202dee 2989 print_collxfrm_input_and_return(s, s + len, NULL, utf8);
58eebef2 2990 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2991
2992# endif
2993
98994639
HS		 2994 return NULL;
2995}
2996
7d4bcc4a 2997# ifdef DEBUGGING
c7202dee 2998
4cbaac56 2999STATIC void
c7202dee
KW		 3000S_print_collxfrm_input_and_return(pTHX_
3001 const char * const s,
3002 const char * const e,
3003 const STRLEN * const xlen,
3004 const bool is_utf8)
3005{
c7202dee
KW		 3006
3007 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PRINT_COLLXFRM_INPUT_AND_RETURN;
3008
511e4ff7
DM		 3009 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "_mem_collxfrm[%" UVuf "]: returning ",
3010 (UV)PL_collation_ix);
c7202dee 3011 if (xlen) {
08b6dc1d 3012 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%zu", *xlen);
c7202dee
KW		 3013 }
3014 else {
3015 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "NULL");
3016 }
3017 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " for locale '%s', string='",
3018 PL_collation_name);
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3019 print_bytes_for_locale(s, e, is_utf8);
3020
3021 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "'\n");
3022}
3023
3024STATIC void
3025S_print_bytes_for_locale(pTHX_
3026 const char * const s,
3027 const char * const e,
3028 const bool is_utf8)
3029{
3030 const char * t = s;
3031 bool prev_was_printable = TRUE;
3032 bool first_time = TRUE;
3033
3034 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PRINT_BYTES_FOR_LOCALE;
c7202dee
KW		 3035
3036 while (t < e) {
3037 UV cp = (is_utf8)
3038 ? utf8_to_uvchr_buf((U8 *) t, e, NULL)
3039 : * (U8 *) t;
3040 if (isPRINT(cp)) {
3041 if (! prev_was_printable) {
3042 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " ");
3043 }
3044 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%c", (U8) cp);
3045 prev_was_printable = TRUE;
3046 }
3047 else {
3048 if (! first_time) {
3049 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " ");
3050 }
147e3846 3051 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%02" UVXf, cp);
c7202dee
KW		 3052 prev_was_printable = FALSE;
3053 }
3054 t += (is_utf8) ? UTF8SKIP(t) : 1;
3055 first_time = FALSE;
3056 }
c7202dee
KW		 3057}
3058
7d4bcc4a 3059# endif /* #ifdef DEBUGGING */
98994639 3060#endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */
58eebef2 3061
8ef6e574
KW		 3062#ifdef USE_LOCALE
3063
c1284011
KW		 3064bool
3065Perl__is_cur_LC_category_utf8(pTHX_ int category)
7d74bb61
KW		 3066{
3067 /* Returns TRUE if the current locale for 'category' is UTF-8; FALSE
3068 * otherwise. 'category' may not be LC_ALL. If the platform doesn't have
119ee68b 3069 * nl_langinfo(), nor MB_CUR_MAX, this employs a heuristic, which hence
609548d2
KW		 3070 * could give the wrong result. The result will very likely be correct for
3071 * languages that have commonly used non-ASCII characters, but for notably
3072 * English, it comes down to if the locale's name ends in something like
3073 * "UTF-8". It errs on the side of not being a UTF-8 locale. */
7d74bb61 3074
47280b20 3075 /* Name of current locale corresponding to the input category */
8de4332b 3076 const char *save_input_locale = NULL;
47280b20
KW		 3077
3078 bool is_utf8 = FALSE; /* The return value */
7d74bb61
KW		 3079 STRLEN final_pos;
3080
47280b20
KW		 3081 /* The variables below are for the cache of previous lookups using this
3082 * function. The cache is a C string, described at the definition for
3083 * 'C_and_POSIX_utf8ness'.
3084 *
3085 * The first part of the cache is fixed, for the C and POSIX locales. The
3086 * varying part starts just after them. */
3087 char * utf8ness_cache = PL_locale_utf8ness + STRLENs(C_and_POSIX_utf8ness);
3088
3089 Size_t utf8ness_cache_size; /* Size of the varying portion */
3090 Size_t input_name_len; /* Length in bytes of save_input_locale */
3091 Size_t input_name_len_with_overhead; /* plus extra chars used to store
3092 the name in the cache */
3093 char * delimited; /* The name plus the delimiters used to store
3094 it in the cache */
3095 char * name_pos; /* position of 'delimited' in the cache, or 0
3096 if not there */
3097
3098
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3099# ifdef LC_ALL
3100
7d74bb61 3101 assert(category != LC_ALL);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3102
3103# endif
7d74bb61 3104
47280b20 3105 /* Get the desired category's locale */
837ce802 3106 save_input_locale = do_setlocale_r(category, NULL);
7d74bb61 3107 if (! save_input_locale) {
47280b20
KW		 3108 Perl_croak(aTHX_
3109 "panic: %s: %d: Could not find current locale for %s\n",
3110 __FILE__, __LINE__, category_name(category));
7d74bb61 3111 }
47280b20 3112
b07fffd1 3113 save_input_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_input_locale));
47280b20
KW		 3114 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3115 "Current locale for %s is %s\n",
3116 category_name(category), save_input_locale));
3117
3118 input_name_len = strlen(save_input_locale);
3119
3120 /* In our cache, each name is accompanied by two delimiters and a single
3121 * utf8ness digit */
3122 input_name_len_with_overhead = input_name_len + 3;
3123
3124 /* Allocate and populate space for a copy of the name surrounded by the
3125 * delimiters */
3126 Newx(delimited, input_name_len_with_overhead, char);
3127 delimited[0] = UTF8NESS_SEP[0];
3128 Copy(save_input_locale, delimited + 1, input_name_len, char);
3129 delimited[input_name_len+1] = UTF8NESS_PREFIX[0];
3130 delimited[input_name_len+2] = '\0';
3131
3132 /* And see if that is in the cache */
3133 name_pos = instr(PL_locale_utf8ness, delimited);
3134 if (name_pos) {
3135 is_utf8 = *(name_pos + input_name_len_with_overhead - 1) - '0';
3136
3137# ifdef DEBUGGING
3138
3139 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
3140 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "UTF8ness for locale %s=%d, \n",
3141 save_input_locale, is_utf8);
3142 }
3143
3144# endif
3145
3146 /* And, if not already in that position, move it to the beginning of
3147 * the non-constant portion of the list, since it is the most recently
3148 * used. (We don't have to worry about overflow, since just moving
3149 * existing names around) */
3150 if (name_pos > utf8ness_cache) {
3151 Move(utf8ness_cache,
3152 utf8ness_cache + input_name_len_with_overhead,
3153 name_pos - utf8ness_cache, char);
3154 Copy(delimited,
3155 utf8ness_cache,
3156 input_name_len_with_overhead - 1, char);
3157 utf8ness_cache[input_name_len_with_overhead - 1] = is_utf8 + '0';
3158 }
3159
3160 Safefree(delimited);
b07fffd1 3161 Safefree(save_input_locale);
47280b20 3162 return is_utf8;
7d74bb61
KW		 3163 }
3164
47280b20
KW		 3165 /* Here we don't have stored the utf8ness for the input locale. We have to
3166 * calculate it */
3167
7d4bcc4a 3168# if defined(USE_LOCALE_CTYPE) \
1d958db2 3169 && (defined(MB_CUR_MAX) || (defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(CODESET)))
7d74bb61 3170
1d958db2 3171 { /* Next try nl_langinfo or MB_CUR_MAX if available */
7d74bb61
KW		 3172
3173 char *save_ctype_locale = NULL;
7d74bb61 3174
119ee68b 3175 if (category != LC_CTYPE) { /* These work only on LC_CTYPE */
7d74bb61
KW		 3176
3177 /* Get the current LC_CTYPE locale */
837ce802 3178 save_ctype_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
7d74bb61 3179 if (! save_ctype_locale) {
69014004
KW		 3180 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3181 "Could not find current locale for LC_CTYPE\n"));
7d74bb61
KW		 3182 goto cant_use_nllanginfo;
3183 }
4f72bb37 3184 save_ctype_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_ctype_locale));
7d74bb61
KW		 3185
3186 /* If LC_CTYPE and the desired category use the same locale, this
3187 * means that finding the value for LC_CTYPE is the same as finding
3188 * the value for the desired category. Otherwise, switch LC_CTYPE
3189 * to the desired category's locale */
3190 if (strEQ(save_ctype_locale, save_input_locale)) {
3191 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
3192 save_ctype_locale = NULL;
3193 }
837ce802 3194 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, save_input_locale)) {
69014004
KW		 3195 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3196 "Could not change LC_CTYPE locale to %s\n",
3197 save_input_locale));
7d74bb61
KW		 3198 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
3199 goto cant_use_nllanginfo;
3200 }
3201 }
3202
69014004
KW		 3203 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Current LC_CTYPE locale=%s\n",
3204 save_input_locale));
3205
7d74bb61 3206 /* Here the current LC_CTYPE is set to the locale of the category whose
1d958db2
KW		 3207 * information is desired. This means that nl_langinfo() and MB_CUR_MAX
3208 * should give the correct results */
119ee68b 3209
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3210# if defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(CODESET)
3211
291a84fb 3212 { /* The task is easiest if the platform has this POSIX 2001 function */
c70a3e68
KW		 3213 const char *codeset = my_nl_langinfo(PERL_CODESET, FALSE);
3214 /* FALSE => already in dest locale */
119ee68b 3215
c70a3e68
KW		 3216 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3217 "\tnllanginfo returned CODESET '%s'\n", codeset));
3218
3219 if (codeset && strNE(codeset, "")) {
1d958db2
KW		 3220 /* If we switched LC_CTYPE, switch back */
3221 if (save_ctype_locale) {
837ce802 3222 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, save_ctype_locale);
1d958db2
KW		 3223 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
3224 }
3225
1d075173
KW		 3226 /* If the implementation of foldEQ() somehow were
3227 * to change to not go byte-by-byte, this could
3228 * read past end of string, as only one length is
3229 * checked. But currently, a premature NUL will
3230 * compare false, and it will stop there */
3231 is_utf8 = cBOOL( foldEQ(codeset, STR_WITH_LEN("UTF-8"))
3232 || foldEQ(codeset, STR_WITH_LEN("UTF8")));
1d958db2 3233
69014004
KW		 3234 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3235 "\tnllanginfo returned CODESET '%s'; ?UTF8 locale=%d\n",
3236 codeset, is_utf8));
47280b20 3237 goto finish_and_return;
1d958db2 3238 }
119ee68b
KW		 3239 }
3240
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3241# endif
3242# ifdef MB_CUR_MAX
1d958db2
KW		 3243
3244 /* Here, either we don't have nl_langinfo, or it didn't return a
3245 * codeset. Try MB_CUR_MAX */
3246
119ee68b
KW		 3247 /* Standard UTF-8 needs at least 4 bytes to represent the maximum
3248 * Unicode code point. Since UTF-8 is the only non-single byte
3249 * encoding we handle, we just say any such encoding is UTF-8, and if
3250 * turns out to be wrong, other things will fail */
5f7616bd 3251 is_utf8 = (unsigned) MB_CUR_MAX >= STRLENs(MAX_UNICODE_UTF8);
119ee68b 3252
69014004
KW		 3253 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3254 "\tMB_CUR_MAX=%d; ?UTF8 locale=%d\n",
3255 (int) MB_CUR_MAX, is_utf8));
3256
119ee68b
KW		 3257 Safefree(save_input_locale);
3258
7d4bcc4a 3259# ifdef HAS_MBTOWC
119ee68b
KW		 3260
3261 /* ... But, most system that have MB_CUR_MAX will also have mbtowc(),
3262 * since they are both in the C99 standard. We can feed a known byte
3263 * string to the latter function, and check that it gives the expected
3264 * result */
3265 if (is_utf8) {
3266 wchar_t wc;
51fc4b19
KW		 3267 int len;
3268
856b881c 3269 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(mbtowc(&wc, NULL, 0));/* Reset any shift state */
69014004 3270 errno = 0;
b1d4925c 3271 len = mbtowc(&wc, STR_WITH_LEN(REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER_UTF8));
51fc4b19 3272
b1d4925c
KW		 3273
3274 if ( len != STRLENs(REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER_UTF8)
5579633c 3275 || wc != (wchar_t) UNICODE_REPLACEMENT)
119ee68b
KW		 3276 {
3277 is_utf8 = FALSE;
b1d4925c
KW		 3278 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\replacement=U+%x\n",
3279 (unsigned int)wc));
69014004
KW		 3280 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3281 "\treturn from mbtowc=%d; errno=%d; ?UTF8 locale=0\n",
51fc4b19 3282 len, errno));
119ee68b
KW		 3283 }
3284 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3285
3286# endif
119ee68b 3287
1d958db2
KW		 3288 /* If we switched LC_CTYPE, switch back */
3289 if (save_ctype_locale) {
837ce802 3290 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, save_ctype_locale);
1d958db2 3291 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
119ee68b 3292 }
7d74bb61 3293
47280b20 3294 goto finish_and_return;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3295
3296# endif
3297
7d74bb61 3298 }
119ee68b 3299
7d74bb61
KW		 3300 cant_use_nllanginfo:
3301
7d4bcc4a 3302# else /* nl_langinfo should work if available, so don't bother compiling this
0080c90a
KW		 3303 fallback code. The final fallback of looking at the name is
3304 compiled, and will be executed if nl_langinfo fails */
7d74bb61 3305
97f4de96
KW		 3306 /* nl_langinfo not available or failed somehow. Next try looking at the
3307 * currency symbol to see if it disambiguates things. Often that will be
3308 * in the native script, and if the symbol isn't in UTF-8, we know that the
3309 * locale isn't. If it is non-ASCII UTF-8, we infer that the locale is
609548d2
KW		 3310 * too, as the odds of a non-UTF8 string being valid UTF-8 are quite small
3311 * */
fa9b773e 3312
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3313# ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
3314# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
3315
fa9b773e
KW		 3316 {
3317 char *save_monetary_locale = NULL;
fa9b773e 3318 bool only_ascii = FALSE;
13542a67 3319 struct lconv* lc;
fa9b773e 3320
97f4de96
KW		 3321 /* Like above for LC_CTYPE, we first set LC_MONETARY to the locale of
3322 * the desired category, if it isn't that locale already */
3323
fa9b773e
KW		 3324 if (category != LC_MONETARY) {
3325
837ce802 3326 save_monetary_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_MONETARY, NULL);
fa9b773e 3327 if (! save_monetary_locale) {
69014004
KW		 3328 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3329 "Could not find current locale for LC_MONETARY\n"));
fa9b773e
KW		 3330 goto cant_use_monetary;
3331 }
4f72bb37 3332 save_monetary_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_monetary_locale));
fa9b773e 3333
13542a67
KW		 3334 if (strEQ(save_monetary_locale, save_input_locale)) {
3335 Safefree(save_monetary_locale);
3336 save_monetary_locale = NULL;
3337 }
837ce802 3338 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_MONETARY, save_input_locale)) {
59c234b4
KW		 3339 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3340 "Could not change LC_MONETARY locale to %s\n",
3341 save_input_locale));
3342 Safefree(save_monetary_locale);
3343 goto cant_use_monetary;
fa9b773e
KW		 3344 }
3345 }
3346
3347 /* Here the current LC_MONETARY is set to the locale of the category
3348 * whose information is desired. */
3349
13542a67
KW		 3350 lc = localeconv();
3351 if (! lc
3352 || ! lc->currency_symbol
c5f058df 3353 || is_utf8_invariant_string((U8 *) lc->currency_symbol, 0))
13542a67
KW		 3354 {
3355 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Couldn't get currency symbol for %s, or contains only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale));
3356 only_ascii = TRUE;
3357 }
3358 else {
3359 is_utf8 = is_utf8_string((U8 *) lc->currency_symbol, 0);
fa9b773e
KW		 3360 }
3361
3362 /* If we changed it, restore LC_MONETARY to its original locale */
3363 if (save_monetary_locale) {
837ce802 3364 do_setlocale_c(LC_MONETARY, save_monetary_locale);
fa9b773e
KW		 3365 Safefree(save_monetary_locale);
3366 }
3367
13542a67 3368 if (! only_ascii) {
fa9b773e 3369
59c234b4
KW		 3370 /* It isn't a UTF-8 locale if the symbol is not legal UTF-8;
3371 * otherwise assume the locale is UTF-8 if and only if the symbol
3372 * is non-ascii UTF-8. */
3373 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t?Currency symbol for %s is UTF-8=%d\n",
3374 save_input_locale, is_utf8));
47280b20 3375 goto finish_and_return;
13542a67 3376 }
fa9b773e
KW		 3377 }
3378 cant_use_monetary:
3379
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3380# endif /* USE_LOCALE_MONETARY */
3381# endif /* HAS_LOCALECONV */
fa9b773e 3382
7d4bcc4a 3383# if defined(HAS_STRFTIME) && defined(USE_LOCALE_TIME)
15f7e74e
KW		 3384
3385/* Still haven't found a non-ASCII string to disambiguate UTF-8 or not. Try
3386 * the names of the months and weekdays, timezone, and am/pm indicator */
3387 {
3388 char *save_time_locale = NULL;
3389 int hour = 10;
3390 bool is_dst = FALSE;
3391 int dom = 1;
3392 int month = 0;
3393 int i;
3394 char * formatted_time;
3395
3396
3397 /* Like above for LC_MONETARY, we set LC_TIME to the locale of the
3398 * desired category, if it isn't that locale already */
3399
3400 if (category != LC_TIME) {
3401
837ce802 3402 save_time_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, NULL);
15f7e74e
KW		 3403 if (! save_time_locale) {
3404 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3405 "Could not find current locale for LC_TIME\n"));
3406 goto cant_use_time;
3407 }
3408 save_time_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_time_locale));
3409
3410 if (strEQ(save_time_locale, save_input_locale)) {
3411 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3412 save_time_locale = NULL;
3413 }
837ce802 3414 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, save_input_locale)) {
15f7e74e
KW		 3415 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3416 "Could not change LC_TIME locale to %s\n",
3417 save_input_locale));
3418 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3419 goto cant_use_time;
3420 }
3421 }
3422
3423 /* Here the current LC_TIME is set to the locale of the category
3424 * whose information is desired. Look at all the days of the week and
9f10db87 3425 * month names, and the timezone and am/pm indicator for UTF-8 variant
15f7e74e
KW		 3426 * characters. The first such a one found will tell us if the locale
3427 * is UTF-8 or not */
3428
3429 for (i = 0; i < 7 + 12; i++) { /* 7 days; 12 months */
3430 formatted_time = my_strftime("%A %B %Z %p",
3ae5cd07 3431 0, 0, hour, dom, month, 2012 - 1900, 0, 0, is_dst);
c5f058df
KW		 3432 if ( ! formatted_time
3433 || is_utf8_invariant_string((U8 *) formatted_time, 0))
3434 {
15f7e74e
KW		 3435
3436 /* Here, we didn't find a non-ASCII. Try the next time through
3437 * with the complemented dst and am/pm, and try with the next
3438 * weekday. After we have gotten all weekdays, try the next
3439 * month */
3440 is_dst = ! is_dst;
3441 hour = (hour + 12) % 24;
3442 dom++;
3443 if (i > 6) {
3444 month++;
3445 }
3446 continue;
3447 }
3448
3449 /* Here, we have a non-ASCII. Return TRUE is it is valid UTF8;
3450 * false otherwise. But first, restore LC_TIME to its original
3451 * locale if we changed it */
3452 if (save_time_locale) {
837ce802 3453 do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, save_time_locale);
15f7e74e
KW		 3454 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3455 }
3456
3457 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t?time-related strings for %s are UTF-8=%d\n",
3458 save_input_locale,
3459 is_utf8_string((U8 *) formatted_time, 0)));
47280b20
KW		 3460 is_utf8 = is_utf8_string((U8 *) formatted_time, 0);
3461 goto finish_and_return;
15f7e74e
KW		 3462 }
3463
3464 /* Falling off the end of the loop indicates all the names were just
3465 * ASCII. Go on to the next test. If we changed it, restore LC_TIME
3466 * to its original locale */
3467 if (save_time_locale) {
837ce802 3468 do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, save_time_locale);
15f7e74e
KW		 3469 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3470 }
3471 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "All time-related words for %s contain only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale));
3472 }
3473 cant_use_time:
3474
7d4bcc4a 3475# endif
15f7e74e 3476
7d4bcc4a 3477# if 0 && defined(USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES) && defined(HAS_SYS_ERRLIST)
855aeb93
JH		 3478
3479/* This code is ifdefd out because it was found to not be necessary in testing
5857e934
KW		 3480 * on our dromedary test machine, which has over 700 locales. There, this
3481 * added no value to looking at the currency symbol and the time strings. I
3482 * left it in so as to avoid rewriting it if real-world experience indicates
3483 * that dromedary is an outlier. Essentially, instead of returning abpve if we
855aeb93
JH		 3484 * haven't found illegal utf8, we continue on and examine all the strerror()
3485 * messages on the platform for utf8ness. If all are ASCII, we still don't
3486 * know the answer; but otherwise we have a pretty good indication of the
5857e934
KW		 3487 * utf8ness. The reason this doesn't help much is that the messages may not
3488 * have been translated into the locale. The currency symbol and time strings
3489 * are much more likely to have been translated. */
3490 {
855aeb93 3491 int e;
5857e934 3492 bool non_ascii = FALSE;
855aeb93 3493 char *save_messages_locale = NULL;
5857e934 3494 const char * errmsg = NULL;
855aeb93 3495
5857e934
KW		 3496 /* Like above, we set LC_MESSAGES to the locale of the desired
3497 * category, if it isn't that locale already */
855aeb93
JH		 3498
3499 if (category != LC_MESSAGES) {
3500
837ce802 3501 save_messages_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, NULL);
855aeb93 3502 if (! save_messages_locale) {
5857e934
KW		 3503 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3504 "Could not find current locale for LC_MESSAGES\n"));
855aeb93
JH		 3505 goto cant_use_messages;
3506 }
5857e934 3507 save_messages_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_messages_locale));
855aeb93
JH		 3508
3509 if (strEQ(save_messages_locale, save_input_locale)) {
5857e934
KW		 3510 Safefree(save_messages_locale);
3511 save_messages_locale = NULL;
855aeb93 3512 }
837ce802 3513 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, save_input_locale)) {
5857e934
KW		 3514 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3515 "Could not change LC_MESSAGES locale to %s\n",
3516 save_input_locale));
855aeb93
JH		 3517 Safefree(save_messages_locale);
3518 goto cant_use_messages;
3519 }
3520 }
3521
3522 /* Here the current LC_MESSAGES is set to the locale of the category
5857e934
KW		 3523 * whose information is desired. Look through all the messages. We
3524 * can't use Strerror() here because it may expand to code that
3525 * segfaults in miniperl */
855aeb93 3526
5857e934
KW		 3527 for (e = 0; e <= sys_nerr; e++) {
3528 errno = 0;
3529 errmsg = sys_errlist[e];
3530 if (errno || !errmsg) {
855aeb93
JH		 3531 break;
3532 }
5857e934 3533 errmsg = savepv(errmsg);
c5f058df 3534 if (! is_utf8_invariant_string((U8 *) errmsg, 0)) {
5857e934
KW		 3535 non_ascii = TRUE;
3536 is_utf8 = is_utf8_string((U8 *) errmsg, 0);
3537 break;
855aeb93
JH		 3538 }
3539 }
5857e934 3540 Safefree(errmsg);
855aeb93
JH		 3541
3542 /* And, if we changed it, restore LC_MESSAGES to its original locale */
3543 if (save_messages_locale) {
837ce802 3544 do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, save_messages_locale);
855aeb93
JH		 3545 Safefree(save_messages_locale);
3546 }
3547
5857e934
KW		 3548 if (non_ascii) {
3549
3550 /* Any non-UTF-8 message means not a UTF-8 locale; if all are valid,
3551 * any non-ascii means it is one; otherwise we assume it isn't */
3552 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t?error messages for %s are UTF-8=%d\n",
3553 save_input_locale,
3554 is_utf8));
47280b20 3555 goto finish_and_return;
5857e934 3556 }
855aeb93 3557
5857e934 3558 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "All error messages for %s contain only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale));
855aeb93
JH		 3559 }
3560 cant_use_messages:
3561
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3562# endif
3563# endif /* the code that is compiled when no nl_langinfo */
0080c90a 3564
7d4bcc4a 3565# ifndef EBCDIC /* On os390, even if the name ends with "UTF-8', it isn't a
92c0a900 3566 UTF-8 locale */
7d4bcc4a 3567
97f4de96
KW		 3568 /* As a last resort, look at the locale name to see if it matches
3569 * qr/UTF -? * 8 /ix, or some other common locale names. This "name", the
3570 * return of setlocale(), is actually defined to be opaque, so we can't
3571 * really rely on the absence of various substrings in the name to indicate
3572 * its UTF-8ness, but if it has UTF8 in the name, it is extremely likely to
3573 * be a UTF-8 locale. Similarly for the other common names */
3574
3575 final_pos = strlen(save_input_locale) - 1;
3576 if (final_pos >= 3) {
8de4332b 3577 const char *name = save_input_locale;
97f4de96
KW		 3578
3579 /* Find next 'U' or 'u' and look from there */
3580 while ((name += strcspn(name, "Uu") + 1)
3581 <= save_input_locale + final_pos - 2)
3582 {
c72493e0 3583 if ( isALPHA_FOLD_NE(*name, 't')
305b8651 3584 || isALPHA_FOLD_NE(*(name + 1), 'f'))
97f4de96
KW		 3585 {
3586 continue;
3587 }
3588 name += 2;
3589 if (*(name) == '-') {
3590 if ((name > save_input_locale + final_pos - 1)) {
3591 break;
3592 }
3593 name++;
3594 }
3595 if (*(name) == '8') {
97f4de96
KW		 3596 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3597 "Locale %s ends with UTF-8 in name\n",
3598 save_input_locale));
47280b20
KW		 3599 is_utf8 = TRUE;
3600 goto finish_and_return;
97f4de96
KW		 3601 }
3602 }
3603 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3604 "Locale %s doesn't end with UTF-8 in name\n",
3605 save_input_locale));
3606 }
3607
4d8d465a 3608# ifdef WIN32
7d4bcc4a 3609
97f4de96 3610 /* http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd317756.aspx */
8a0832a1 3611 if (memENDs(save_input_locale, final_pos, "65001")) {
97f4de96 3612 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
8a0832a1 3613 "Locale %s ends with 65001 in name, is UTF-8 locale\n",
97f4de96 3614 save_input_locale));
47280b20
KW		 3615 is_utf8 = TRUE;
3616 goto finish_and_return;
97f4de96 3617 }
7d4bcc4a 3618
4d8d465a
KW		 3619# endif
3620# endif
97f4de96
KW		 3621
3622 /* Other common encodings are the ISO 8859 series, which aren't UTF-8. But
3623 * since we are about to return FALSE anyway, there is no point in doing
3624 * this extra work */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3625
3626# if 0
97f4de96
KW		 3627 if (instr(save_input_locale, "8859")) {
3628 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3629 "Locale %s has 8859 in name, not UTF-8 locale\n",
3630 save_input_locale));
47280b20
KW		 3631 is_utf8 = FALSE;
3632 goto finish_and_return;
97f4de96 3633 }
7d4bcc4a 3634# endif
97f4de96 3635
69014004
KW		 3636 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3637 "Assuming locale %s is not a UTF-8 locale\n",
3638 save_input_locale));
47280b20
KW		 3639 is_utf8 = FALSE;
3640
3641 finish_and_return:
3642
3643 /* Cache this result so we don't have to go through all this next time. */
3644 utf8ness_cache_size = sizeof(PL_locale_utf8ness)
3645 - (utf8ness_cache - PL_locale_utf8ness);
3646
3647 /* But we can't save it if it is too large for the total space available */
3648 if (LIKELY(input_name_len_with_overhead < utf8ness_cache_size)) {
3649 Size_t utf8ness_cache_len = strlen(utf8ness_cache);
3650
3651 /* Here it can fit, but we may need to clear out the oldest cached
3652 * result(s) to do so. Check */
3653 if (utf8ness_cache_len + input_name_len_with_overhead
3654 >= utf8ness_cache_size)
3655 {
3656 /* Here we have to clear something out to make room for this.
3657 * Start looking at the rightmost place where it could fit and find
3658 * the beginning of the entry that extends past that. */
3659 char * cutoff = (char *) my_memrchr(utf8ness_cache,
3660 UTF8NESS_SEP[0],
3661 utf8ness_cache_size
3662 - input_name_len_with_overhead);
3663
3664 assert(cutoff);
3665 assert(cutoff >= utf8ness_cache);
3666
3667 /* This and all subsequent entries must be removed */
3668 *cutoff = '\0';
3669 utf8ness_cache_len = strlen(utf8ness_cache);
3670 }
3671
3672 /* Make space for the new entry */
3673 Move(utf8ness_cache,
3674 utf8ness_cache + input_name_len_with_overhead,
3675 utf8ness_cache_len + 1 /* Incl. trailing NUL */, char);
3676
3677 /* And insert it */
3678 Copy(delimited, utf8ness_cache, input_name_len_with_overhead - 1, char);
3679 utf8ness_cache[input_name_len_with_overhead - 1] = is_utf8 + '0';
3680
3681 if ((PL_locale_utf8ness[strlen(PL_locale_utf8ness)-1]
3682 & (PERL_UINTMAX_T) ~1) != '0')
3683 {
3684 Perl_croak(aTHX_
3685 "panic: %s: %d: Corrupt utf8ness_cache=%s\nlen=%u,"
3686 " inserted_name=%s, its_len=%u\n",
3687 __FILE__, __LINE__,
3688 PL_locale_utf8ness, strlen(PL_locale_utf8ness),
3689 delimited, input_name_len_with_overhead);
3690 }
3691 }
3692
3693# ifdef DEBUGGING
3694
3695 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
3696 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3697 "PL_locale_utf8ness is now %s; returning %d\n",
3698 PL_locale_utf8ness, is_utf8);
3699 }
3700
3701# endif
3702
3703 Safefree(delimited);
fa9b773e 3704 Safefree(save_input_locale);
47280b20 3705 return is_utf8;
7d74bb61
KW		 3706}
3707
8ef6e574 3708#endif
7d74bb61 3709
d6ded950
KW		 3710
3711bool
3712Perl__is_in_locale_category(pTHX_ const bool compiling, const int category)
3713{
1a4f13e1 3714 dVAR;
d6ded950
KW		 3715 /* Internal function which returns if we are in the scope of a pragma that
3716 * enables the locale category 'category'. 'compiling' should indicate if
3717 * this is during the compilation phase (TRUE) or not (FALSE). */
3718
3719 const COP * const cop = (compiling) ? &PL_compiling : PL_curcop;
3720
3721 SV *categories = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(cop, "locale", 0);
3722 if (! categories || categories == &PL_sv_placeholder) {
3723 return FALSE;
3724 }
3725
3726 /* The pseudo-category 'not_characters' is -1, so just add 1 to each to get
3727 * a valid unsigned */
3728 assert(category >= -1);
3729 return cBOOL(SvUV(categories) & (1U << (category + 1)));
3730}
3731