Commit | Line | Data |
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a0d0e21e LW |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | ||
3 | perldiag - various Perl diagnostics | |
4 | ||
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
6 | ||
7 | These messages are classified as follows (listed in increasing order of | |
8 | desperation): | |
9 | ||
10 | (W) A warning (optional). | |
d1d15184 | 11 | (D) A deprecation (enabled by default). |
00eb3f2b | 12 | (S) A severe warning (enabled by default). |
a0d0e21e LW |
13 | (F) A fatal error (trappable). |
14 | (P) An internal error you should never see (trappable). | |
54310121 | 15 | (X) A very fatal error (nontrappable). |
cb1a09d0 | 16 | (A) An alien error message (not generated by Perl). |
a0d0e21e | 17 | |
75b44862 | 18 | The majority of messages from the first three classifications above |
64977eb6 | 19 | (W, D & S) can be controlled using the C<warnings> pragma. |
e476b1b5 GS |
20 | |
21 | If a message can be controlled by the C<warnings> pragma, its warning | |
22 | category is included with the classification letter in the description | |
23 | below. | |
24 | ||
25 | Optional warnings are enabled by using the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-w> | |
fa816bf3 | 26 | and B<-W> switches. Warnings may be captured by setting C<$SIG{__WARN__}> |
e476b1b5 GS |
27 | to a reference to a routine that will be called on each warning instead |
28 | of printing it. See L<perlvar>. | |
29 | ||
b7eceb5b | 30 | Severe warnings are always enabled, unless they are explicitly disabled |
e476b1b5 | 31 | with the C<warnings> pragma or the B<-X> switch. |
4438c4b7 | 32 | |
748a9306 | 33 | Trappable errors may be trapped using the eval operator. See |
4438c4b7 JH |
34 | L<perlfunc/eval>. In almost all cases, warnings may be selectively |
35 | disabled or promoted to fatal errors using the C<warnings> pragma. | |
36 | See L<warnings>. | |
a0d0e21e | 37 | |
6df41af2 GS |
38 | The messages are in alphabetical order, without regard to upper or |
39 | lower-case. Some of these messages are generic. Spots that vary are | |
40 | denoted with a %s or other printf-style escape. These escapes are | |
41 | ignored by the alphabetical order, as are all characters other than | |
42 | letters. To look up your message, just ignore anything that is not a | |
43 | letter. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
44 | |
45 | =over 4 | |
46 | ||
6df41af2 | 47 | =item accept() on closed socket %s |
33633739 | 48 | |
be771a83 GS |
49 | (W closed) You tried to do an accept on a closed socket. Did you forget |
50 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
51 | L<perlfunc/accept>. | |
33633739 | 52 | |
de42a5a9 | 53 | =item Allocation too large: %x |
a0d0e21e | 54 | |
6df41af2 | 55 | (X) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. |
a0d0e21e | 56 | |
1109a392 | 57 | =item '%c' allowed only after types %s |
ef54e1a4 | 58 | |
1109a392 MHM |
59 | (F) The modifiers '!', '<' and '>' are allowed in pack() or unpack() only |
60 | after certain types. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
ef54e1a4 | 61 | |
6df41af2 | 62 | =item Ambiguous call resolved as CORE::%s(), qualify as such or use & |
43192e07 | 63 | |
75b44862 | 64 | (W ambiguous) A subroutine you have declared has the same name as a Perl |
be771a83 GS |
65 | keyword, and you have used the name without qualification for calling |
66 | one or the other. Perl decided to call the builtin because the | |
67 | subroutine is not imported. | |
43192e07 | 68 | |
6df41af2 GS |
69 | To force interpretation as a subroutine call, either put an ampersand |
70 | before the subroutine name, or qualify the name with its package. | |
71 | Alternatively, you can import the subroutine (or pretend that it's | |
72 | imported with the C<use subs> pragma). | |
43192e07 | 73 | |
6df41af2 | 74 | To silently interpret it as the Perl operator, use the C<CORE::> prefix |
496a33f5 | 75 | on the operator (e.g. C<CORE::log($x)>) or declare the subroutine |
be771a83 GS |
76 | to be an object method (see L<perlsub/"Subroutine Attributes"> or |
77 | L<attributes>). | |
43192e07 | 78 | |
c2e66d9e GS |
79 | =item Ambiguous range in transliteration operator |
80 | ||
81 | (F) You wrote something like C<tr/a-z-0//> which doesn't mean anything at | |
82 | all. To include a C<-> character in a transliteration, put it either | |
83 | first or last. (In the past, C<tr/a-z-0//> was synonymous with | |
84 | C<tr/a-y//>, which was probably not what you would have expected.) | |
85 | ||
6df41af2 | 86 | =item Ambiguous use of %s resolved as %s |
43192e07 | 87 | |
6df41af2 GS |
88 | (W ambiguous)(S) You said something that may not be interpreted the way |
89 | you thought. Normally it's pretty easy to disambiguate it by supplying | |
90 | a missing quote, operator, parenthesis pair or declaration. | |
a0d0e21e | 91 | |
d8225693 JM |
92 | =item Ambiguous use of %c resolved as operator %c |
93 | ||
94 | (W ambiguous) C<%>, C<&>, and C<*> are both infix operators (modulus, | |
3303f755 FC |
95 | bitwise and, and multiplication) I<and> initial special characters |
96 | (denoting hashes, subroutines and typeglobs), and you said something | |
97 | like C<*foo * foo> that might be interpreted as either of them. We | |
98 | assumed you meant the infix operator, but please try to make it more | |
99 | clear -- in the example given, you might write C<*foo * foo()> if you | |
100 | really meant to multiply a glob by the result of calling a function. | |
d8225693 | 101 | |
1ef43bca JM |
102 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s} resolved to %c%s |
103 | ||
104 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<@{foo}>, which might be | |
105 | asking for the variable C<@foo>, or it might be calling a function | |
106 | named foo, and dereferencing it as an array reference. If you wanted | |
1cecf2c0 | 107 | the variable, you can just write C<@foo>. If you wanted to call the |
1ef43bca JM |
108 | function, write C<@{foo()}> ... or you could just not have a variable |
109 | and a function with the same name, and save yourself a lot of trouble. | |
110 | ||
e850844c FC |
111 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s[...]} resolved to %c%s[...] |
112 | ||
113 | =item Ambiguous use of %c{%s{...}} resolved to %c%s{...} | |
4da60377 | 114 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
115 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<${foo[2]}> (where foo represents |
116 | the name of a Perl keyword), which might be looking for element number | |
117 | 2 of the array named C<@foo>, in which case please write C<$foo[2]>, or you | |
118 | might have meant to pass an anonymous arrayref to the function named | |
119 | foo, and then do a scalar deref on the value it returns. If you meant | |
120 | that, write C<${foo([2])}>. | |
ccaaf480 FC |
121 | |
122 | In regular expressions, the C<${foo[2]}> syntax is sometimes necessary | |
123 | to disambiguate between array subscripts and character classes. | |
fa816bf3 FC |
124 | C</$length[2345]/>, for instance, will be interpreted as C<$length> followed |
125 | by the character class C<[2345]>. If an array subscript is what you | |
126 | want, you can avoid the warning by changing C</${length[2345]}/> to the | |
127 | unsightly C</${\$length[2345]}/>, by renaming your array to something | |
128 | that does not coincide with a built-in keyword, or by simply turning | |
129 | off warnings with C<no warnings 'ambiguous';>. | |
4da60377 | 130 | |
bdac9d71 | 131 | =item Ambiguous use of -%s resolved as -&%s() |
397d0f13 JM |
132 | |
133 | (W ambiguous) You wrote something like C<-foo>, which might be the | |
a7f6e211 FC |
134 | string C<"-foo">, or a call to the function C<foo>, negated. If you meant |
135 | the string, just write C<"-foo">. If you meant the function call, | |
397d0f13 JM |
136 | write C<-foo()>. |
137 | ||
6df41af2 | 138 | =item '|' and '<' may not both be specified on command line |
a0d0e21e | 139 | |
be771a83 GS |
140 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
141 | redirection, and found that STDIN was a pipe, and that you also tried to | |
142 | redirect STDIN using '<'. Only one STDIN stream to a customer, please. | |
c9f97d15 | 143 | |
6df41af2 | 144 | =item '|' and '>' may not both be specified on command line |
1028017a | 145 | |
be771a83 GS |
146 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
147 | redirection, and thinks you tried to redirect stdout both to a file and | |
148 | into a pipe to another command. You need to choose one or the other, | |
149 | though nothing's stopping you from piping into a program or Perl script | |
150 | which 'splits' output into two streams, such as | |
1028017a | 151 | |
6df41af2 GS |
152 | open(OUT,">$ARGV[0]") or die "Can't write to $ARGV[0]: $!"; |
153 | while (<STDIN>) { | |
154 | print; | |
155 | print OUT; | |
156 | } | |
157 | close OUT; | |
c9f97d15 | 158 | |
6df41af2 | 159 | =item Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s) |
eb6e2d6f | 160 | |
496a33f5 SC |
161 | (W misc) The pattern match (C<//>), substitution (C<s///>), and |
162 | transliteration (C<tr///>) operators work on scalar values. If you apply | |
be771a83 | 163 | one of them to an array or a hash, it will convert the array or hash to |
ac036724 | 164 | a scalar value (the length of an array, or the population info of a |
165 | hash) and then work on that scalar value. This is probably not what | |
be771a83 GS |
166 | you meant to do. See L<perlfunc/grep> and L<perlfunc/map> for |
167 | alternatives. | |
eb6e2d6f | 168 | |
6df41af2 | 169 | =item Arg too short for msgsnd |
76cd736e | 170 | |
6df41af2 | 171 | (F) msgsnd() requires a string at least as long as sizeof(long). |
76cd736e | 172 | |
b0fdf69e | 173 | =item %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or a subroutine |
a0d0e21e | 174 | |
cc1c2e42 FC |
175 | (F) The argument to exists() must be a hash or array element or a |
176 | subroutine with an ampersand, such as: | |
a0d0e21e LW |
177 | |
178 | $foo{$bar} | |
cb4f522a | 179 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] |
cc1c2e42 | 180 | &do_something |
a0d0e21e | 181 | |
8ea97a1e | 182 | =item %s argument is not a HASH or ARRAY element or slice |
5f05dabc | 183 | |
06e52bfa FC |
184 | (F) The argument to delete() must be either a hash or array element, |
185 | such as: | |
5f05dabc | 186 | |
187 | $foo{$bar} | |
cb4f522a | 188 | $ref->{"susie"}[12] |
5f05dabc | 189 | |
8ea97a1e | 190 | or a hash or array slice, such as: |
5f05dabc | 191 | |
6df41af2 GS |
192 | @foo[$bar, $baz, $xyzzy] |
193 | @{$ref->[12]}{"susie", "queue"} | |
5315574d | 194 | |
6df41af2 | 195 | =item %s argument is not a subroutine name |
a0d0e21e | 196 | |
6df41af2 | 197 | (F) The argument to exists() for C<exists &sub> must be a subroutine |
be771a83 GS |
198 | name, and not a subroutine call. C<exists &sub()> will generate this |
199 | error. | |
a0d0e21e | 200 | |
f86702cc | 201 | =item Argument "%s" isn't numeric%s |
a0d0e21e | 202 | |
be771a83 GS |
203 | (W numeric) The indicated string was fed as an argument to an operator |
204 | that expected a numeric value instead. If you're fortunate the message | |
205 | will identify which operator was so unfortunate. | |
a0d0e21e | 206 | |
b4581f09 JH |
207 | =item Argument list not closed for PerlIO layer "%s" |
208 | ||
a534ac11 FC |
209 | (W layer) When pushing a layer with arguments onto the Perl I/O |
210 | system you forgot the ) that closes the argument list. (Layers | |
211 | take care of transforming data between external and internal | |
212 | representations.) Perl stopped parsing the layer list at this | |
213 | point and did not attempt to push this layer. If your program | |
214 | didn't explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the | |
215 | result of the value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
b4581f09 | 216 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
217 | =item Array @%s missing the @ in argument %d of %s() |
218 | ||
75b44862 GS |
219 | (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the @ on array names in some |
220 | spots. This is now heavily deprecated. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
221 | |
222 | =item assertion botched: %s | |
223 | ||
21b5e840 | 224 | (X) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. |
a0d0e21e LW |
225 | |
226 | =item Assertion failed: file "%s" | |
227 | ||
21b5e840 | 228 | (X) A general assertion failed. The file in question must be examined. |
a0d0e21e | 229 | |
82122228 FC |
230 | =item Assigning non-zero to $[ is no longer possible |
231 | ||
7d345e3d FC |
232 | (F) When the "array_base" feature is disabled (e.g., under C<use v5.16;>) |
233 | the special variable C<$[>, which is deprecated, is now a fixed zero value. | |
82122228 | 234 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
235 | =item Assignment to both a list and a scalar |
236 | ||
237 | (F) If you assign to a conditional operator, the 2nd and 3rd arguments | |
238 | must either both be scalars or both be lists. Otherwise Perl won't | |
239 | know which context to supply to the right side. | |
240 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
241 | =item A thread exited while %d threads were running |
242 | ||
b92a77e8 FC |
243 | (W threads)(S) When using threaded Perl, a thread (not necessarily |
244 | the main thread) exited while there were still other threads running. | |
111a855e FC |
245 | Usually it's a good idea first to collect the return values of the |
246 | created threads by joining them, and only then to exit from the main | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
247 | thread. See L<threads>. |
248 | ||
2393f1b9 | 249 | =item Attempt to access disallowed key '%s' in a restricted hash |
1b1f1335 | 250 | |
49293501 | 251 | (F) The failing code has attempted to get or set a key which is not in |
2393f1b9 | 252 | the current set of allowed keys of a restricted hash. |
49293501 | 253 | |
81689caa HS |
254 | =item Attempt to bless into a reference |
255 | ||
256 | (F) The CLASSNAME argument to the bless() operator is expected to be | |
57dedab9 | 257 | the name of the package to bless the resulting object into. You've |
81689caa HS |
258 | supplied instead a reference to something: perhaps you wrote |
259 | ||
260 | bless $self, $proto; | |
261 | ||
262 | when you intended | |
263 | ||
264 | bless $self, ref($proto) || $proto; | |
265 | ||
266 | If you actually want to bless into the stringified version | |
267 | of the reference supplied, you need to stringify it yourself, for | |
268 | example by: | |
269 | ||
270 | bless $self, "$proto"; | |
271 | ||
a730510a FC |
272 | =item Attempt to clear deleted array |
273 | ||
274 | (S debugging) An array was assigned to when it was being freed. | |
275 | Freed values are not supposed to be visible to Perl code. This | |
276 | can also happen if XS code calls C<av_clear> from a custom magic | |
277 | callback on the array. | |
278 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
279 | =item Attempt to delete disallowed key '%s' from a restricted hash |
280 | ||
281 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete from a restricted hash a key | |
282 | which is not in its key set. | |
283 | ||
284 | =item Attempt to delete readonly key '%s' from a restricted hash | |
285 | ||
286 | (F) The failing code attempted to delete a key whose value has been | |
287 | declared readonly from a restricted hash. | |
288 | ||
de42a5a9 | 289 | =item Attempt to free non-arena SV: 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 290 | |
f84fe999 | 291 | (S internal) All SV objects are supposed to be allocated from arenas |
be771a83 GS |
292 | that will be garbage collected on exit. An SV was discovered to be |
293 | outside any of those arenas. | |
a0d0e21e | 294 | |
12578ffb | 295 | =item Attempt to free nonexistent shared string '%s'%s |
bbce6d69 | 296 | |
f84fe999 | 297 | (S internal) Perl maintains a reference-counted internal table of |
be771a83 GS |
298 | strings to optimize the storage and access of hash keys and other |
299 | strings. This indicates someone tried to decrement the reference count | |
300 | of a string that can no longer be found in the table. | |
bbce6d69 | 301 | |
7d5b40b4 | 302 | =item Attempt to free temp prematurely: SV 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 303 | |
f84fe999 | 304 | (S debugging) Mortalized values are supposed to be freed by the |
be771a83 GS |
305 | free_tmps() routine. This indicates that something else is freeing the |
306 | SV before the free_tmps() routine gets a chance, which means that the | |
307 | free_tmps() routine will be freeing an unreferenced scalar when it does | |
308 | try to free it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
309 | |
310 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced glob pointers | |
311 | ||
f84fe999 | 312 | (S internal) The reference counts got screwed up on symbol aliases. |
a0d0e21e | 313 | |
7d5b40b4 | 314 | =item Attempt to free unreferenced scalar: SV 0x%x |
a0d0e21e | 315 | |
be771a83 GS |
316 | (W internal) Perl went to decrement the reference count of a scalar to |
317 | see if it would go to 0, and discovered that it had already gone to 0 | |
318 | earlier, and should have been freed, and in fact, probably was freed. | |
319 | This could indicate that SvREFCNT_dec() was called too many times, or | |
320 | that SvREFCNT_inc() was called too few times, or that the SV was | |
321 | mortalized when it shouldn't have been, or that memory has been | |
322 | corrupted. | |
a0d0e21e | 323 | |
dcdda58d GS |
324 | =item Attempt to join self |
325 | ||
326 | (F) You tried to join a thread from within itself, which is an | |
be771a83 GS |
327 | impossible task. You may be joining the wrong thread, or you may need |
328 | to move the join() to some other thread. | |
dcdda58d | 329 | |
84902520 TB |
330 | =item Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value |
331 | ||
be771a83 GS |
332 | (W pack) You tried to pass a temporary value (like the result of a |
333 | function, or a computed expression) to the "p" pack() template. This | |
334 | means the result contains a pointer to a location that could become | |
335 | invalid anytime, even before the end of the current statement. Use | |
336 | literals or global values as arguments to the "p" pack() template to | |
337 | avoid this warning. | |
84902520 | 338 | |
087b5369 RD |
339 | =item Attempt to reload %s aborted. |
340 | ||
341 | (F) You tried to load a file with C<use> or C<require> that failed to | |
342 | compile once already. Perl will not try to compile this file again | |
343 | unless you delete its entry from %INC. See L<perlfunc/require> and | |
344 | L<perlvar/%INC>. | |
345 | ||
1b20cd17 NC |
346 | =item Attempt to set length of freed array |
347 | ||
348 | (W) You tried to set the length of an array which has been freed. You | |
349 | can do this by storing a reference to the scalar representing the last index | |
fa816bf3 | 350 | of an array and later assigning through that reference. For example |
1b20cd17 NC |
351 | |
352 | $r = do {my @a; \$#a}; | |
353 | $$r = 503 | |
354 | ||
b7a902f4 | 355 | =item Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr |
356 | ||
be771a83 GS |
357 | (W substr) You supplied a reference as the first argument to substr() |
358 | used as an lvalue, which is pretty strange. Perhaps you forgot to | |
359 | dereference it first. See L<perlfunc/substr>. | |
b7a902f4 | 360 | |
c32124fe NC |
361 | =item Attribute "locked" is deprecated |
362 | ||
57dedab9 FC |
363 | (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragma to modify the |
364 | "locked" attribute on a code reference. The :locked attribute is | |
365 | obsolete, has had no effect since 5005 threads were removed, and | |
366 | will be removed in a future release of Perl 5. | |
c32124fe | 367 | |
f1a3ce43 NC |
368 | =item Attribute "unique" is deprecated |
369 | ||
57dedab9 FC |
370 | (D deprecated) You have used the attributes pragma to modify |
371 | the "unique" attribute on an array, hash or scalar reference. | |
372 | The :unique attribute has had no effect since Perl 5.8.8, and | |
373 | will be removed in a future release of Perl 5. | |
f1a3ce43 | 374 | |
ccce04a4 FC |
375 | =item av_reify called on tied array |
376 | ||
377 | (S debugging) This indicates that something went wrong and Perl got I<very> | |
378 | confused about C<@_> or C<@DB::args> being tied. | |
379 | ||
de42a5a9 | 380 | =item Bad arg length for %s, is %u, should be %d |
a0d0e21e | 381 | |
be771a83 GS |
382 | (F) You passed a buffer of the wrong size to one of msgctl(), semctl() |
383 | or shmctl(). In C parlance, the correct sizes are, respectively, | |
5f05dabc | 384 | S<sizeof(struct msqid_ds *)>, S<sizeof(struct semid_ds *)>, and |
a0d0e21e LW |
385 | S<sizeof(struct shmid_ds *)>. |
386 | ||
7a95317d GS |
387 | =item Bad evalled substitution pattern |
388 | ||
496a33f5 | 389 | (F) You've used the C</e> switch to evaluate the replacement for a |
7a95317d GS |
390 | substitution, but perl found a syntax error in the code to evaluate, |
391 | most likely an unexpected right brace '}'. | |
392 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
393 | =item Bad filehandle: %s |
394 | ||
be771a83 GS |
395 | (F) A symbol was passed to something wanting a filehandle, but the |
396 | symbol has no filehandle associated with it. Perhaps you didn't do an | |
397 | open(), or did it in another package. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
398 | |
399 | =item Bad free() ignored | |
400 | ||
be771a83 | 401 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had never |
fa816bf3 | 402 | been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can be disabled by |
9ea8bc6d | 403 | setting environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 0. |
33c8a3fe | 404 | |
9ea8bc6d | 405 | This message can be seen quite often with DB_File on systems with "hard" |
6903afa2 | 406 | dynamic linking, like C<AIX> and C<OS/2>. It is a bug of C<Berkeley DB> |
be771a83 | 407 | which is left unnoticed if C<DB> uses I<forgiving> system malloc(). |
a0d0e21e | 408 | |
aa689395 | 409 | =item Bad hash |
410 | ||
411 | (P) One of the internal hash routines was passed a null HV pointer. | |
412 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
413 | =item Badly placed ()'s |
414 | ||
415 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
416 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
417 | Perl yourself. | |
418 | ||
a7cb8dae | 419 | =item Bad name after %s |
a0d0e21e | 420 | |
be771a83 GS |
421 | (F) You started to name a symbol by using a package prefix, and then |
422 | didn't finish the symbol. In particular, you can't interpolate outside | |
423 | of quotes, so | |
a0d0e21e LW |
424 | |
425 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
426 | $sym = mypack::$var; | |
427 | ||
428 | is not the same as | |
429 | ||
430 | $var = 'myvar'; | |
431 | $sym = "mypack::$var"; | |
432 | ||
88e1f1a2 JV |
433 | =item Bad plugin affecting keyword '%s' |
434 | ||
435 | (F) An extension using the keyword plugin mechanism violated the | |
436 | plugin API. | |
437 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
438 | =item Bad realloc() ignored |
439 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
440 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that |
441 | had never been malloc()ed in the first place. Mandatory, but can | |
442 | be disabled by setting the environment variable C<PERL_BADFREE> to 1. | |
4ad56ec9 | 443 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
444 | =item Bad symbol for array |
445 | ||
446 | (P) An internal request asked to add an array entry to something that | |
447 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
448 | ||
4df3f177 SP |
449 | =item Bad symbol for dirhandle |
450 | ||
451 | (P) An internal request asked to add a dirhandle entry to something | |
452 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
453 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
454 | =item Bad symbol for filehandle |
455 | ||
be771a83 GS |
456 | (P) An internal request asked to add a filehandle entry to something |
457 | that wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
458 | |
459 | =item Bad symbol for hash | |
460 | ||
461 | (P) An internal request asked to add a hash entry to something that | |
462 | wasn't a symbol table entry. | |
463 | ||
34d09196 GS |
464 | =item Bareword found in conditional |
465 | ||
be771a83 GS |
466 | (W bareword) The compiler found a bareword where it expected a |
467 | conditional, which often indicates that an || or && was parsed as part | |
468 | of the last argument of the previous construct, for example: | |
34d09196 GS |
469 | |
470 | open FOO || die; | |
471 | ||
be771a83 GS |
472 | It may also indicate a misspelled constant that has been interpreted as |
473 | a bareword: | |
34d09196 GS |
474 | |
475 | use constant TYPO => 1; | |
476 | if (TYOP) { print "foo" } | |
477 | ||
478 | The C<strict> pragma is useful in avoiding such errors. | |
479 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
480 | =item Bareword "%s" not allowed while "strict subs" in use |
481 | ||
482 | (F) With "strict subs" in use, a bareword is only allowed as a | |
be771a83 GS |
483 | subroutine identifier, in curly brackets or to the left of the "=>" |
484 | symbol. Perhaps you need to predeclare a subroutine? | |
6df41af2 GS |
485 | |
486 | =item Bareword "%s" refers to nonexistent package | |
487 | ||
be771a83 GS |
488 | (W bareword) You used a qualified bareword of the form C<Foo::>, but the |
489 | compiler saw no other uses of that namespace before that point. Perhaps | |
490 | you need to predeclare a package? | |
6df41af2 | 491 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
492 | =item BEGIN failed--compilation aborted |
493 | ||
be771a83 GS |
494 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a BEGIN |
495 | subroutine. Compilation stops immediately and the interpreter is | |
496 | exited. | |
a0d0e21e | 497 | |
68dc0745 | 498 | =item BEGIN not safe after errors--compilation aborted |
499 | ||
500 | (F) Perl found a C<BEGIN {}> subroutine (or a C<use> directive, which | |
be771a83 GS |
501 | implies a C<BEGIN {}>) after one or more compilation errors had already |
502 | occurred. Since the intended environment for the C<BEGIN {}> could not | |
503 | be guaranteed (due to the errors), and since subsequent code likely | |
504 | depends on its correct operation, Perl just gave up. | |
68dc0745 | 505 | |
6df41af2 GS |
506 | =item \1 better written as $1 |
507 | ||
be771a83 GS |
508 | (W syntax) Outside of patterns, backreferences live on as variables. |
509 | The use of backslashes is grandfathered on the right-hand side of a | |
510 | substitution, but stylistically it's better to use the variable form | |
511 | because other Perl programmers will expect it, and it works better if | |
512 | there are more than 9 backreferences. | |
6df41af2 | 513 | |
252aa082 JH |
514 | =item Binary number > 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 non-portable |
515 | ||
e476b1b5 | 516 | (W portable) The binary number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
517 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
518 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 519 | |
69282e91 | 520 | =item bind() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 521 | |
be771a83 GS |
522 | (W closed) You tried to do a bind on a closed socket. Did you forget to |
523 | check the return value of your socket() call? See L<perlfunc/bind>. | |
a0d0e21e | 524 | |
c289d2f7 JH |
525 | =item binmode() on closed filehandle %s |
526 | ||
527 | (W unopened) You tried binmode() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4dcecea4 | 528 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 529 | |
f866a7cd FC |
530 | =item "\b{" is deprecated; use "\b\{" instead |
531 | ||
532 | =item "\B{" is deprecated; use "\B\{" instead | |
533 | ||
534 | (W deprecated, regexp) Use of an unescaped "{" immediately following a | |
535 | C<\b> or C<\B> is now deprecated so as to reserve its use for Perl | |
536 | itself in a future release. | |
537 | ||
c5a0f51a JH |
538 | =item Bit vector size > 32 non-portable |
539 | ||
e476b1b5 | 540 | (W portable) Using bit vector sizes larger than 32 is non-portable. |
c5a0f51a | 541 | |
043c750c | 542 | =item Bizarre copy of %s |
4633a7c4 | 543 | |
be771a83 | 544 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy an internal value that is not |
4dcecea4 | 545 | copiable. |
4633a7c4 | 546 | |
f675dbe5 CB |
547 | =item Buffer overflow in prime_env_iter: %s |
548 | ||
be771a83 GS |
549 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. While Perl was preparing to |
550 | iterate over %ENV, it encountered a logical name or symbol definition | |
551 | which was too long, so it was truncated to the string shown. | |
f675dbe5 | 552 | |
7fcfef4d FC |
553 | =item Bizarre SvTYPE [%d] |
554 | ||
555 | (P) When starting a new thread or return values from a thread, Perl | |
556 | encountered an invalid data type. | |
557 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
558 | =item Callback called exit |
559 | ||
4929bf7b | 560 | (F) A subroutine invoked from an external package via call_sv() |
a0d0e21e LW |
561 | exited by calling exit. |
562 | ||
6df41af2 | 563 | =item %s() called too early to check prototype |
f675dbe5 | 564 | |
be771a83 GS |
565 | (W prototype) You've called a function that has a prototype before the |
566 | parser saw a definition or declaration for it, and Perl could not check | |
567 | that the call conforms to the prototype. You need to either add an | |
568 | early prototype declaration for the subroutine in question, or move the | |
569 | subroutine definition ahead of the call to get proper prototype | |
570 | checking. Alternatively, if you are certain that you're calling the | |
571 | function correctly, you may put an ampersand before the name to avoid | |
572 | the warning. See L<perlsub>. | |
f675dbe5 | 573 | |
49704364 | 574 | =item Cannot compress integer in pack |
0258719b NC |
575 | |
576 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was too large to compress. The BER | |
577 | compressed integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you | |
578 | attempted to compress Infinity or a very large number (> 1e308). | |
579 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
580 | ||
49704364 | 581 | =item Cannot compress negative numbers in pack |
0258719b NC |
582 | |
583 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was negative. The BER compressed integer | |
584 | format can only be used with positive integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
585 | ||
5c1f4d79 NC |
586 | =item Cannot convert a reference to %s to typeglob |
587 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
588 | (F) You manipulated Perl's symbol table directly, stored a reference |
589 | in it, then tried to access that symbol via conventional Perl syntax. | |
590 | The access triggers Perl to autovivify that typeglob, but it there is | |
591 | no legal conversion from that type of reference to a typeglob. | |
5c1f4d79 | 592 | |
4040665a | 593 | =item Cannot copy to %s |
ba2fdce6 NC |
594 | |
595 | (P) Perl detected an attempt to copy a value to an internal type that cannot | |
4dcecea4 | 596 | be directly assigned to. |
ba2fdce6 | 597 | |
b5d97229 RGS |
598 | =item Cannot find encoding "%s" |
599 | ||
600 | (S io) You tried to apply an encoding that did not exist to a filehandle, | |
601 | either with open() or binmode(). | |
602 | ||
7355df7e FC |
603 | =item Cannot set tied @DB::args |
604 | ||
605 | (F) C<caller> tried to set C<@DB::args>, but found it tied. Tying C<@DB::args> | |
606 | is not supported. (Before this error was added, it used to crash.) | |
607 | ||
ce65bc73 FC |
608 | =item Cannot tie unreifiable array |
609 | ||
610 | (P) You somehow managed to call C<tie> on an array that does not | |
611 | keep a reference count on its arguments and cannot be made to | |
612 | do so. Such arrays are not even supposed to be accessible to | |
613 | Perl code, but are only used internally. | |
614 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
615 | =item Can only compress unsigned integers in pack |
616 | ||
617 | (F) An argument to pack("w",...) was not an integer. The BER compressed | |
618 | integer format can only be used with positive integers, and you attempted | |
619 | to compress something else. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
620 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
621 | =item Can't bless non-reference value |
622 | ||
623 | (F) Only hard references may be blessed. This is how Perl "enforces" | |
624 | encapsulation of objects. See L<perlobj>. | |
625 | ||
dc57907a RGS |
626 | =item Can't "break" in a loop topicalizer |
627 | ||
0d863452 | 628 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're in a C<foreach> block rather than |
6903afa2 | 629 | a C<given> block. You probably meant to use C<next> or C<last>. |
0d863452 RH |
630 | |
631 | =item Can't "break" outside a given block | |
dc57907a | 632 | |
0d863452 RH |
633 | (F) You called C<break>, but you're not inside a C<given> block. |
634 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
635 | =item Can't call method "%s" on an undefined value |
636 | ||
637 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
638 | object reference or package name contains an undefined value. Something |
639 | like this will reproduce the error: | |
6df41af2 GS |
640 | |
641 | $BADREF = undef; | |
642 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
643 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
644 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
645 | =item Can't call method "%s" on unblessed reference |
646 | ||
54310121 | 647 | (F) A method call must know in what package it's supposed to run. It |
be771a83 GS |
648 | ordinarily finds this out from the object reference you supply, but you |
649 | didn't supply an object reference in this case. A reference isn't an | |
650 | object reference until it has been blessed. See L<perlobj>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
651 | |
652 | =item Can't call method "%s" without a package or object reference | |
653 | ||
654 | (F) You used the syntax of a method call, but the slot filled by the | |
be771a83 GS |
655 | object reference or package name contains an expression that returns a |
656 | defined value which is neither an object reference nor a package name. | |
72b5445b GS |
657 | Something like this will reproduce the error: |
658 | ||
659 | $BADREF = 42; | |
660 | process $BADREF 1,2,3; | |
661 | $BADREF->process(1,2,3); | |
662 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
663 | =item Can't chdir to %s |
664 | ||
665 | (F) You called C<perl -x/foo/bar>, but C</foo/bar> is not a directory | |
666 | that you can chdir to, possibly because it doesn't exist. | |
667 | ||
0545a864 | 668 | =item Can't check filesystem of script "%s" for nosuid |
104d25b7 | 669 | |
be771a83 GS |
670 | (P) For some reason you can't check the filesystem of the script for |
671 | nosuid. | |
104d25b7 | 672 | |
22e74366 | 673 | =item Can't coerce %s to %s in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
674 | |
675 | (F) Certain types of SVs, in particular real symbol table entries | |
55497cff | 676 | (typeglobs), can't be forced to stop being what they are. So you can't |
a0d0e21e LW |
677 | say things like: |
678 | ||
679 | *foo += 1; | |
680 | ||
681 | You CAN say | |
682 | ||
683 | $foo = *foo; | |
684 | $foo += 1; | |
685 | ||
686 | but then $foo no longer contains a glob. | |
687 | ||
0d863452 | 688 | =item Can't "continue" outside a when block |
dc57907a | 689 | |
0d863452 RH |
690 | (F) You called C<continue>, but you're not inside a C<when> |
691 | or C<default> block. | |
692 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
693 | =item Can't create pipe mailbox |
694 | ||
be771a83 GS |
695 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The process is suffering from exhausted |
696 | quotas or other plumbing problems. | |
a0d0e21e | 697 | |
eb64745e GS |
698 | =item Can't declare %s in "%s" |
699 | ||
30c282f6 NC |
700 | (F) Only scalar, array, and hash variables may be declared as "my", "our" or |
701 | "state" variables. They must have ordinary identifiers as names. | |
a0d0e21e | 702 | |
fc7debfb FC |
703 | =item Can't "default" outside a topicalizer |
704 | ||
705 | (F) You have used a C<default> block that is neither inside a | |
706 | C<foreach> loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is | |
707 | issued on exit from the C<default> block, so you won't get the | |
708 | error if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
709 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
710 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s is not a regular file |
711 | ||
be771a83 GS |
712 | (S inplace) You tried to use the B<-i> switch on a special file, such as |
713 | a file in /dev, or a FIFO. The file was ignored. | |
6df41af2 | 714 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
715 | =item Can't do inplace edit on %s: %s |
716 | ||
be771a83 GS |
717 | (S inplace) The creation of the new file failed for the indicated |
718 | reason. | |
a0d0e21e | 719 | |
54310121 | 720 | =item Can't do inplace edit without backup |
a0d0e21e | 721 | |
be771a83 GS |
722 | (F) You're on a system such as MS-DOS that gets confused if you try |
723 | reading from a deleted (but still opened) file. You have to say | |
724 | C<-i.bak>, or some such. | |
a0d0e21e | 725 | |
10f9c03d | 726 | =item Can't do inplace edit: %s would not be unique |
a0d0e21e | 727 | |
e476b1b5 | 728 | (S inplace) Your filesystem does not support filenames longer than 14 |
10f9c03d CK |
729 | characters and Perl was unable to create a unique filename during |
730 | inplace editing with the B<-i> switch. The file was ignored. | |
a0d0e21e | 731 | |
7253e4e3 | 732 | =item Can't do {n,m} with n > m in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 733 | |
6903afa2 FC |
734 | (F) Minima must be less than or equal to maxima. If you really |
735 | want your regexp to match something 0 times, just put {0}. The | |
736 | <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem | |
737 | was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 738 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
739 | =item Can't do waitpid with flags |
740 | ||
be771a83 GS |
741 | (F) This machine doesn't have either waitpid() or wait4(), so only |
742 | waitpid() without flags is emulated. | |
a0d0e21e | 743 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
744 | =item Can't emulate -%s on #! line |
745 | ||
be771a83 GS |
746 | (F) The #! line specifies a switch that doesn't make sense at this |
747 | point. For example, it'd be kind of silly to put a B<-x> on the #! | |
748 | line. | |
a0d0e21e | 749 | |
1109a392 MHM |
750 | =item Can't %s %s-endian %ss on this platform |
751 | ||
752 | (F) Your platform's byte-order is neither big-endian nor little-endian, | |
753 | or it has a very strange pointer size. Packing and unpacking big- or | |
754 | little-endian floating point values and pointers may not be possible. | |
755 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
756 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
757 | =item Can't exec "%s": %s |
758 | ||
d1be9408 | 759 | (W exec) A system(), exec(), or piped open call could not execute the |
be771a83 GS |
760 | named program for the indicated reason. Typical reasons include: the |
761 | permissions were wrong on the file, the file wasn't found in | |
762 | C<$ENV{PATH}>, the executable in question was compiled for another | |
763 | architecture, or the #! line in a script points to an interpreter that | |
764 | can't be run for similar reasons. (Or maybe your system doesn't support | |
765 | #! at all.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
766 | |
767 | =item Can't exec %s | |
768 | ||
be771a83 GS |
769 | (F) Perl was trying to execute the indicated program for you because |
770 | that's what the #! line said. If that's not what you wanted, you may | |
771 | need to mention "perl" on the #! line somewhere. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
772 | |
773 | =item Can't execute %s | |
774 | ||
be771a83 GS |
775 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the copies of the script to execute |
776 | found in the PATH did not have correct permissions. | |
2a92aaa0 | 777 | |
6df41af2 | 778 | =item Can't find an opnumber for "%s" |
2a92aaa0 | 779 | |
be771a83 GS |
780 | (F) A string of a form C<CORE::word> was given to prototype(), but there |
781 | is no builtin with the name C<word>. | |
6df41af2 | 782 | |
56ca2fc0 JH |
783 | =item Can't find %s character property "%s" |
784 | ||
785 | (F) You used C<\p{}> or C<\P{}> but the character property by that name | |
6903afa2 | 786 | could not be found. Maybe you misspelled the name of the property? |
e1b711da KW |
787 | See L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> |
788 | for a complete list of available properties. | |
56ca2fc0 | 789 | |
6df41af2 GS |
790 | =item Can't find label %s |
791 | ||
be771a83 GS |
792 | (F) You said to goto a label that isn't mentioned anywhere that it's |
793 | possible for us to go to. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2a92aaa0 GS |
794 | |
795 | =item Can't find %s on PATH | |
796 | ||
be771a83 GS |
797 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
798 | found in the PATH. | |
a0d0e21e | 799 | |
6df41af2 | 800 | =item Can't find %s on PATH, '.' not in PATH |
a0d0e21e | 801 | |
be771a83 GS |
802 | (F) You used the B<-S> switch, but the script to execute could not be |
803 | found in the PATH, or at least not with the correct permissions. The | |
804 | script exists in the current directory, but PATH prohibits running it. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
805 | |
806 | =item Can't find string terminator %s anywhere before EOF | |
807 | ||
be771a83 GS |
808 | (F) Perl strings can stretch over multiple lines. This message means |
809 | that the closing delimiter was omitted. Because bracketed quotes count | |
810 | nesting levels, the following is missing its final parenthesis: | |
a0d0e21e | 811 | |
fb73857a | 812 | print q(The character '(' starts a side comment.); |
813 | ||
97b3d10f | 814 | If you're getting this error from a here-document, you may have |
b6b8cb97 FC |
815 | included unseen whitespace before or after your closing tag or there |
816 | may not be a linebreak after it. A good programmer's editor will have | |
817 | a way to help you find these characters (or lack of characters). See | |
818 | L<perlop> for the full details on here-documents. | |
a0d0e21e | 819 | |
660a4616 TS |
820 | =item Can't find Unicode property definition "%s" |
821 | ||
5f8ad6b6 FC |
822 | (F) You may have tried to use C<\p> which means a Unicode |
823 | property (for example C<\p{Lu}> matches all uppercase | |
fa816bf3 | 824 | letters). If you did mean to use a Unicode property, see |
e1b711da | 825 | L<perluniprops/Properties accessible through \p{} and \P{}> |
6903afa2 | 826 | for a complete list of available properties. If you didn't |
fa816bf3 FC |
827 | mean to use a Unicode property, escape the C<\p>, either by |
828 | C<\\p> (just the C<\p>) or by C<\Q\p> (the rest of the string, or | |
5f8ad6b6 | 829 | until C<\E>). |
660a4616 | 830 | |
b3647a36 | 831 | =item Can't fork: %s |
a0d0e21e | 832 | |
be771a83 GS |
833 | (F) A fatal error occurred while trying to fork while opening a |
834 | pipeline. | |
a0d0e21e | 835 | |
b3647a36 SR |
836 | =item Can't fork, trying again in 5 seconds |
837 | ||
c973c02e | 838 | (W pipe) A fork in a piped open failed with EAGAIN and will be retried |
b3647a36 SR |
839 | after five seconds. |
840 | ||
748a9306 LW |
841 | =item Can't get filespec - stale stat buffer? |
842 | ||
be771a83 GS |
843 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. This arises because of the difference |
844 | between access checks under VMS and under the Unix model Perl assumes. | |
845 | Under VMS, access checks are done by filename, rather than by bits in | |
846 | the stat buffer, so that ACLs and other protections can be taken into | |
847 | account. Unfortunately, Perl assumes that the stat buffer contains all | |
848 | the necessary information, and passes it, instead of the filespec, to | |
2fe2bdfd | 849 | the access-checking routine. It will try to retrieve the filespec using |
be771a83 GS |
850 | the device name and FID present in the stat buffer, but this works only |
851 | if you haven't made a subsequent call to the CRTL stat() routine, | |
852 | because the device name is overwritten with each call. If this warning | |
2fe2bdfd FC |
853 | appears, the name lookup failed, and the access-checking routine gave up |
854 | and returned FALSE, just to be conservative. (Note: The access-checking | |
be771a83 GS |
855 | routine knows about the Perl C<stat> operator and file tests, so you |
856 | shouldn't ever see this warning in response to a Perl command; it arises | |
857 | only if some internal code takes stat buffers lightly.) | |
748a9306 | 858 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
859 | =item Can't get pipe mailbox device name |
860 | ||
be771a83 GS |
861 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. After creating a mailbox to act as a |
862 | pipe, Perl can't retrieve its name for later use. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
863 | |
864 | =item Can't get SYSGEN parameter value for MAXBUF | |
865 | ||
748a9306 LW |
866 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl asked $GETSYI how big you want your |
867 | mailbox buffers to be, and didn't get an answer. | |
a0d0e21e | 868 | |
6df41af2 | 869 | =item Can't "goto" into the middle of a foreach loop |
a0d0e21e | 870 | |
be771a83 GS |
871 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump into the middle of a foreach |
872 | loop. You can't get there from here. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
873 | |
874 | =item Can't "goto" out of a pseudo block | |
875 | ||
be771a83 GS |
876 | (F) A "goto" statement was executed to jump out of what might look like |
877 | a block, except that it isn't a proper block. This usually occurs if | |
878 | you tried to jump out of a sort() block or subroutine, which is a no-no. | |
879 | See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
a0d0e21e | 880 | |
9850bf21 | 881 | =item Can't goto subroutine from a sort sub (or similar callback) |
cd299c6e | 882 | |
9850bf21 RH |
883 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of the |
884 | comparison sub for a sort(), or from a similar callback (such | |
885 | as the reduce() function in List::Util). | |
886 | ||
c74ace89 | 887 | =item Can't goto subroutine from an eval-%s |
b150fb22 | 888 | |
be771a83 | 889 | (F) The "goto subroutine" call can't be used to jump out of an eval |
c74ace89 | 890 | "string" or block. |
b150fb22 | 891 | |
6df41af2 GS |
892 | =item Can't goto subroutine outside a subroutine |
893 | ||
be771a83 GS |
894 | (F) The deeply magical "goto subroutine" call can only replace one |
895 | subroutine call for another. It can't manufacture one out of whole | |
896 | cloth. In general you should be calling it out of only an AUTOLOAD | |
897 | routine anyway. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
6df41af2 | 898 | |
0b5b802d GS |
899 | =item Can't ignore signal CHLD, forcing to default |
900 | ||
be771a83 GS |
901 | (W signal) Perl has detected that it is being run with the SIGCHLD |
902 | signal (sometimes known as SIGCLD) disabled. Since disabling this | |
903 | signal will interfere with proper determination of exit status of child | |
904 | processes, Perl has reset the signal to its default value. This | |
905 | situation typically indicates that the parent program under which Perl | |
906 | may be running (e.g. cron) is being very careless. | |
0b5b802d | 907 | |
e2c0f81f DG |
908 | =item Can't kill a non-numeric process ID |
909 | ||
910 | (F) Process identifiers must be (signed) integers. It is a fatal error to | |
911 | attempt to kill() an undefined, empty-string or otherwise non-numeric | |
912 | process identifier. | |
913 | ||
6df41af2 | 914 | =item Can't "last" outside a loop block |
4633a7c4 | 915 | |
6df41af2 | 916 | (F) A "last" statement was executed to break out of the current block, |
be771a83 GS |
917 | except that there's this itty bitty problem called there isn't a current |
918 | block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't count as a "loopish" | |
919 | block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or grep(). You can | |
920 | usually double the curlies to get the same effect though, because the | |
921 | inner curlies will be considered a block that loops once. See | |
922 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
4633a7c4 | 923 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
924 | =item Can't linearize anonymous symbol table |
925 | ||
926 | (F) Perl tried to calculate the method resolution order (MRO) of a | |
927 | package, but failed because the package stash has no name. | |
928 | ||
b8170e59 JB |
929 | =item Can't load '%s' for module %s |
930 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
931 | (F) The module you tried to load failed to load a dynamic extension. |
932 | This may either mean that you upgraded your version of perl to one | |
933 | that is incompatible with your old dynamic extensions (which is known | |
934 | to happen between major versions of perl), or (more likely) that your | |
935 | dynamic extension was built against an older version of the library | |
936 | that is installed on your system. You may need to rebuild your old | |
937 | dynamic extensions. | |
b8170e59 | 938 | |
748a9306 LW |
939 | =item Can't localize lexical variable %s |
940 | ||
2ba9eb46 | 941 | (F) You used local on a variable name that was previously declared as a |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
942 | lexical variable using "my" or "state". This is not allowed. If you |
943 | want to localize a package variable of the same name, qualify it with | |
944 | the package name. | |
748a9306 | 945 | |
6df41af2 | 946 | =item Can't localize through a reference |
4727527e | 947 | |
6df41af2 GS |
948 | (F) You said something like C<local $$ref>, which Perl can't currently |
949 | handle, because when it goes to restore the old value of whatever $ref | |
be771a83 | 950 | pointed to after the scope of the local() is finished, it can't be sure |
64977eb6 | 951 | that $ref will still be a reference. |
4727527e | 952 | |
ea071790 | 953 | =item Can't locate %s |
ec889f3a | 954 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
955 | (F) You said to C<do> (or C<require>, or C<use>) a file that couldn't be found. |
956 | Perl looks for the file in all the locations mentioned in @INC, unless | |
957 | the file name included the full path to the file. Perhaps you need | |
958 | to set the PERL5LIB or PERL5OPT environment variable to say where the | |
959 | extra library is, or maybe the script needs to add the library name | |
be771a83 GS |
960 | to @INC. Or maybe you just misspelled the name of the file. See |
961 | L<perlfunc/require> and L<lib>. | |
a0d0e21e | 962 | |
6df41af2 GS |
963 | =item Can't locate auto/%s.al in @INC |
964 | ||
be771a83 GS |
965 | (F) A function (or method) was called in a package which allows |
966 | autoload, but there is no function to autoload. Most probable causes | |
967 | are a misprint in a function/method name or a failure to C<AutoSplit> | |
968 | the file, say, by doing C<make install>. | |
6df41af2 | 969 | |
b8170e59 JB |
970 | =item Can't locate loadable object for module %s in @INC |
971 | ||
972 | (F) The module you loaded is trying to load an external library, like | |
d70d8e57 | 973 | for example, F<foo.so> or F<bar.dll>, but the L<DynaLoader> module was |
b8170e59 JB |
974 | unable to locate this library. See L<DynaLoader>. |
975 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
976 | =item Can't locate object method "%s" via package "%s" |
977 | ||
978 | (F) You called a method correctly, and it correctly indicated a package | |
979 | functioning as a class, but that package doesn't define that particular | |
2ba9eb46 | 980 | method, nor does any of its base classes. See L<perlobj>. |
a0d0e21e LW |
981 | |
982 | =item Can't locate package %s for @%s::ISA | |
983 | ||
be771a83 GS |
984 | (W syntax) The @ISA array contained the name of another package that |
985 | doesn't seem to exist. | |
a0d0e21e | 986 | |
2f7da168 RK |
987 | =item Can't locate PerlIO%s |
988 | ||
989 | (F) You tried to use in open() a PerlIO layer that does not exist, | |
990 | e.g. open(FH, ">:nosuchlayer", "somefile"). | |
991 | ||
f4ad53f4 | 992 | =item Can't make list assignment to %ENV on this system |
3e3baf6d | 993 | |
be771a83 GS |
994 | (F) List assignment to %ENV is not supported on some systems, notably |
995 | VMS. | |
3e3baf6d | 996 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
997 | =item Can't modify %s in %s |
998 | ||
be771a83 GS |
999 | (F) You aren't allowed to assign to the item indicated, or otherwise try |
1000 | to change it, such as with an auto-increment. | |
a0d0e21e | 1001 | |
54310121 | 1002 | =item Can't modify nonexistent substring |
a0d0e21e LW |
1003 | |
1004 | (P) The internal routine that does assignment to a substr() was handed | |
1005 | a NULL. | |
1006 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1007 | =item Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call |
1008 | ||
1009 | (F) Subroutines meant to be used in lvalue context should be declared as | |
2fe2bdfd | 1010 | such. See L<perlsub/"Lvalue subroutines">. |
6df41af2 | 1011 | |
5f05dabc | 1012 | =item Can't msgrcv to read-only var |
a0d0e21e | 1013 | |
5f05dabc | 1014 | (F) The target of a msgrcv must be modifiable to be used as a receive |
a0d0e21e LW |
1015 | buffer. |
1016 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1017 | =item Can't "next" outside a loop block |
1018 | ||
1019 | (F) A "next" statement was executed to reiterate the current block, but | |
1020 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
be771a83 GS |
1021 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() or |
1022 | grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1023 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that loops | |
1024 | once. See L<perlfunc/next>. | |
6df41af2 | 1025 | |
46fa9b26 FC |
1026 | =item Can't open %s |
1027 | ||
1028 | (F) You tried to run a perl built with MAD support with | |
1029 | the PERL_XMLDUMP environment variable set, but the file | |
1030 | named by that variable could not be opened. | |
1031 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1032 | =item Can't open %s: %s |
1033 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 1034 | (S inplace) The implicit opening of a file through use of the C<< <> >> |
08e9d68e | 1035 | filehandle, either implicitly under the C<-n> or C<-p> command-line |
46fa9b26 FC |
1036 | switches, or explicitly, failed for the indicated reason. Usually |
1037 | this is because you don't have read permission for a file which | |
1038 | you named on the command line. | |
1039 | ||
1040 | (F) You tried to call perl with the B<-e> switch, but F</dev/null> (or | |
1041 | your operating system's equivalent) could not be opened. | |
a0d0e21e | 1042 | |
9a869a14 RGS |
1043 | =item Can't open a reference |
1044 | ||
1045 | (W io) You tried to open a scalar reference for reading or writing, | |
2fe2bdfd | 1046 | using the 3-arg open() syntax: |
9a869a14 RGS |
1047 | |
1048 | open FH, '>', $ref; | |
1049 | ||
1050 | but your version of perl is compiled without perlio, and this form of | |
1051 | open is not supported. | |
1052 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1053 | =item Can't open bidirectional pipe |
1054 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1055 | (W pipe) You tried to say C<open(CMD, "|cmd|")>, which is not supported. |
1056 | You can try any of several modules in the Perl library to do this, such | |
1057 | as IPC::Open2. Alternately, direct the pipe's output to a file using | |
1058 | ">", and then read it in under a different file handle. | |
a0d0e21e | 1059 | |
748a9306 LW |
1060 | =item Can't open error file %s as stderr |
1061 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1062 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1063 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '2>' or '2>>' on | |
1064 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1065 | |
1066 | =item Can't open input file %s as stdin | |
1067 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1068 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1069 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '<' on the | |
1070 | command line for reading. | |
748a9306 LW |
1071 | |
1072 | =item Can't open output file %s as stdout | |
1073 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1074 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1075 | redirection, and couldn't open the file specified after '>' or '>>' on | |
1076 | the command line for writing. | |
748a9306 LW |
1077 | |
1078 | =item Can't open output pipe (name: %s) | |
1079 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1080 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl does its own command line |
1081 | redirection, and couldn't open the pipe into which to send data destined | |
1082 | for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 1083 | |
3b1cf97d | 1084 | =item Can't open perl script "%s": %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
1085 | |
1086 | (F) The script you specified can't be opened for the indicated reason. | |
1087 | ||
fa3aa65a JC |
1088 | If you're debugging a script that uses #!, and normally relies on the |
1089 | shell's $PATH search, the -S option causes perl to do that search, so | |
1090 | you don't have to type the path or C<`which $scriptname`>. | |
1091 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1092 | =item Can't read CRTL environ |
1093 | ||
1094 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read an element of %ENV | |
1095 | from the CRTL's internal environment array and discovered the array was | |
1096 | missing. You need to figure out where your CRTL misplaced its environ | |
be771a83 GS |
1097 | or define F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that environ is not |
1098 | searched. | |
6df41af2 | 1099 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1100 | =item Can't "redo" outside a loop block |
1101 | ||
1102 | (F) A "redo" statement was executed to restart the current block, but | |
1103 | there isn't a current block. Note that an "if" or "else" block doesn't | |
1104 | count as a "loopish" block, as doesn't a block given to sort(), map() | |
1105 | or grep(). You can usually double the curlies to get the same effect | |
1106 | though, because the inner curlies will be considered a block that | |
1107 | loops once. See L<perlfunc/redo>. | |
1108 | ||
64977eb6 | 1109 | =item Can't remove %s: %s, skipping file |
10f9c03d | 1110 | |
be771a83 GS |
1111 | (S inplace) You requested an inplace edit without creating a backup |
1112 | file. Perl was unable to remove the original file to replace it with | |
1113 | the modified file. The file was left unmodified. | |
10f9c03d | 1114 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1115 | =item Can't rename %s to %s: %s, skipping file |
1116 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1117 | (S inplace) The rename done by the B<-i> switch failed for some reason, |
10f9c03d | 1118 | probably because you don't have write permission to the directory. |
a0d0e21e | 1119 | |
748a9306 LW |
1120 | =item Can't reopen input pipe (name: %s) in binary mode |
1121 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1122 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl thought stdin was a pipe, and tried |
1123 | to reopen it to accept binary data. Alas, it failed. | |
748a9306 | 1124 | |
4f12ec0e FC |
1125 | =item Can't reset %ENV on this system |
1126 | ||
1127 | (F) You called C<reset('E')> or similar, which tried to reset | |
1128 | all variables in the current package beginning with "E". In | |
1129 | the main package, that includes %ENV. Resetting %ENV is not | |
1130 | supported on some systems, notably VMS. | |
1131 | ||
fe13d51d | 1132 | =item Can't resolve method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1133 | |
1fa582fa FC |
1134 | (F)(P) Error resolving overloading specified by a method name (as |
1135 | opposed to a subroutine reference): no such method callable via the | |
1136 | package. If the method name is C<???>, this is an internal error. | |
6df41af2 | 1137 | |
cd06dffe GS |
1138 | =item Can't return %s from lvalue subroutine |
1139 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1140 | (F) Perl detected an attempt to return illegal lvalues (such as |
1141 | temporary or readonly values) from a subroutine used as an lvalue. This | |
1142 | is not allowed. | |
cd06dffe | 1143 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
1144 | =item Can't return outside a subroutine |
1145 | ||
1146 | (F) The return statement was executed in mainline code, that is, where | |
1147 | there was no subroutine call to return out of. See L<perlsub>. | |
1148 | ||
78f9721b SM |
1149 | =item Can't return %s to lvalue scalar context |
1150 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1151 | (F) You tried to return a complete array or hash from an lvalue |
1152 | subroutine, but you called the subroutine in a way that made Perl | |
1153 | think you meant to return only one value. You probably meant to | |
1154 | write parentheses around the call to the subroutine, which tell | |
1155 | Perl that the call should be in list context. | |
78f9721b | 1156 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1157 | =item Can't stat script "%s" |
1158 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1159 | (P) For some reason you can't fstat() the script even though you have it |
1160 | open already. Bizarre. | |
a0d0e21e | 1161 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1162 | =item Can't take log of %g |
1163 | ||
fb73857a | 1164 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the logarithm of a |
6903afa2 | 1165 | negative number or zero. There's a Math::Complex package that comes |
be771a83 GS |
1166 | standard with Perl, though, if you really want to do that for the |
1167 | negative numbers. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1168 | |
1169 | =item Can't take sqrt of %g | |
1170 | ||
1171 | (F) For ordinary real numbers, you can't take the square root of a | |
fb73857a | 1172 | negative number. There's a Math::Complex package that comes standard |
1173 | with Perl, though, if you really want to do that. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1174 | |
1175 | =item Can't undef active subroutine | |
1176 | ||
1177 | (F) You can't undefine a routine that's currently running. You can, | |
1178 | however, redefine it while it's running, and you can even undef the | |
1179 | redefined subroutine while the old routine is running. Go figure. | |
1180 | ||
c81225bc | 1181 | =item Can't upgrade %s (%d) to %d |
a0d0e21e | 1182 | |
be771a83 GS |
1183 | (P) The internal sv_upgrade routine adds "members" to an SV, making it |
1184 | into a more specialized kind of SV. The top several SV types are so | |
1185 | specialized, however, that they cannot be interconverted. This message | |
1186 | indicates that such a conversion was attempted. | |
a0d0e21e | 1187 | |
6651ba0b FC |
1188 | =item Can't use '%c' after -mname |
1189 | ||
1190 | (F) You tried to call perl with the B<-m> switch, but you put something | |
1191 | other than "=" after the module name. | |
1192 | ||
1db89ea5 BS |
1193 | =item Can't use anonymous symbol table for method lookup |
1194 | ||
e27ad1f2 | 1195 | (F) The internal routine that does method lookup was handed a symbol |
1db89ea5 BS |
1196 | table that doesn't have a name. Symbol tables can become anonymous |
1197 | for example by undefining stashes: C<undef %Some::Package::>. | |
1198 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
1199 | =item Can't use an undefined value as %s reference |
1200 | ||
1201 | (F) A value used as either a hard reference or a symbolic reference must | |
1202 | be a defined value. This helps to delurk some insidious errors. | |
1203 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1204 | =item Can't use bareword ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
1205 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1206 | (F) Only hard references are allowed by "strict refs". Symbolic |
1207 | references are disallowed. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 1208 | |
90b75b61 | 1209 | =item Can't use %! because Errno.pm is not available |
1d2dff63 | 1210 | |
20561843 | 1211 | (F) The first time the C<%!> hash is used, perl automatically loads the |
6903afa2 | 1212 | Errno.pm module. The Errno module is expected to tie the %! hash to |
1d2dff63 GS |
1213 | provide symbolic names for C<$!> errno values. |
1214 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
1215 | =item Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s |
1216 | ||
1217 | (F) A type cannot be forced to have both big-endian and little-endian | |
1218 | byte-order at the same time, so this combination of modifiers is not | |
1219 | allowed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1220 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1221 | =item Can't use %s for loop variable |
1222 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1223 | (F) Only a simple scalar variable may be used as a loop variable on a |
1224 | foreach. | |
6df41af2 | 1225 | |
aab6a793 | 1226 | =item Can't use global %s in "%s" |
6df41af2 | 1227 | |
be771a83 GS |
1228 | (F) You tried to declare a magical variable as a lexical variable. This |
1229 | is not allowed, because the magic can be tied to only one location | |
1230 | (namely the global variable) and it would be incredibly confusing to | |
1231 | have variables in your program that looked like magical variables but | |
6df41af2 GS |
1232 | weren't. |
1233 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
1234 | =item Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s |
1235 | ||
1236 | (F) You attempted to force a different byte-order on a type | |
1237 | that is already inside a group with a byte-order modifier. | |
1238 | For example you cannot force little-endianness on a type that | |
1239 | is inside a big-endian group. | |
1240 | ||
c07a80fd | 1241 | =item Can't use "my %s" in sort comparison |
1242 | ||
1243 | (F) The global variables $a and $b are reserved for sort comparisons. | |
c47ff5f1 | 1244 | You mentioned $a or $b in the same line as the <=> or cmp operator, |
c07a80fd | 1245 | and the variable had earlier been declared as a lexical variable. |
1246 | Either qualify the sort variable with the package name, or rename the | |
1247 | lexical variable. | |
1248 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1249 | =item Can't use %s ref as %s ref |
1250 | ||
1251 | (F) You've mixed up your reference types. You have to dereference a | |
1252 | reference of the type needed. You can use the ref() function to | |
1253 | test the type of the reference, if need be. | |
1254 | ||
748a9306 | 1255 | =item Can't use string ("%s") as %s ref while "strict refs" in use |
a0d0e21e | 1256 | |
b41bf23f FC |
1257 | (F) You've told Perl to dereference a string, something which |
1258 | C<use strict> blocks to prevent it happening accidentally. See | |
1259 | L<perlref/"Symbolic references">. This can be triggered by an C<@> or C<$> | |
1260 | in a double-quoted string immediately before interpolating a variable, | |
1261 | for example in C<"user @$twitter_id">, which says to treat the contents | |
1262 | of C<$twitter_id> as an array reference; use a C<\> to have a literal C<@> | |
1263 | symbol followed by the contents of C<$twitter_id>: C<"user \@$twitter_id">. | |
a0d0e21e | 1264 | |
748a9306 LW |
1265 | =item Can't use subscript on %s |
1266 | ||
1267 | (F) The compiler tried to interpret a bracketed expression as a | |
1268 | subscript. But to the left of the brackets was an expression that | |
209e7cf1 | 1269 | didn't look like a hash or array reference, or anything else subscriptable. |
748a9306 | 1270 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1271 | =item Can't use \%c to mean $%c in expression |
1272 | ||
75b44862 GS |
1273 | (W syntax) In an ordinary expression, backslash is a unary operator that |
1274 | creates a reference to its argument. The use of backslash to indicate a | |
1275 | backreference to a matched substring is valid only as part of a regular | |
be771a83 GS |
1276 | expression pattern. Trying to do this in ordinary Perl code produces a |
1277 | value that prints out looking like SCALAR(0xdecaf). Use the $1 form | |
1278 | instead. | |
6df41af2 | 1279 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
1280 | =item Can't weaken a nonreference |
1281 | ||
1282 | (F) You attempted to weaken something that was not a reference. Only | |
1283 | references can be weakened. | |
1284 | ||
fc7debfb FC |
1285 | =item Can't "when" outside a topicalizer |
1286 | ||
1287 | (F) You have used a when() block that is neither inside a C<foreach> | |
1288 | loop nor a C<given> block. (Note that this error is issued on exit | |
1289 | from the C<when> block, so you won't get the error if the match fails, | |
1290 | or if you use an explicit C<continue>.) | |
1291 | ||
5f05dabc | 1292 | =item Can't x= to read-only value |
a0d0e21e | 1293 | |
be771a83 GS |
1294 | (F) You tried to repeat a constant value (often the undefined value) |
1295 | with an assignment operator, which implies modifying the value itself. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1296 | Perhaps you need to copy the value to a temporary, and repeat that. |
1297 | ||
4a68bf9d | 1298 | =item Character following "\c" must be ASCII |
f9d13529 | 1299 | |
1fa582fa | 1300 | (F)(W deprecated, syntax) In C<\cI<X>>, I<X> must be an ASCII character. |
79ef86ee | 1301 | It is planned to make this fatal in all instances in Perl 5.18. In the |
17a3df4c KW |
1302 | cases where it isn't fatal, the character this evaluates to is |
1303 | derived by exclusive or'ing the code point of this character with 0x40. | |
1304 | ||
1305 | Note that non-alphabetic ASCII characters are discouraged here as well. | |
f9d13529 | 1306 | |
f337b084 | 1307 | =item Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack |
ac7cd81a SC |
1308 | |
1309 | (W pack) You said | |
1310 | ||
1311 | pack("C", $x) | |
1312 | ||
1313 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255; the C<"C"> format is | |
1314 | only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1315 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1316 | ||
1317 | pack("C", $x & 255) | |
1318 | ||
1319 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1320 | instead. | |
1321 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1322 | =item Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack |
1323 | ||
1324 | (W pack) You said | |
1325 | ||
1326 | pack("U0W", $x) | |
1327 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1328 | where $x is either less than 0 or more than 255. However, C<U0>-mode |
1329 | expects all values to fall in the interval [0, 255], so Perl behaved | |
1330 | as if you meant: | |
f337b084 TH |
1331 | |
1332 | pack("U0W", $x & 255) | |
1333 | ||
1334 | =item Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack | |
ac7cd81a SC |
1335 | |
1336 | (W pack) You said | |
1337 | ||
1338 | pack("c", $x) | |
1339 | ||
1340 | where $x is either less than -128 or more than 127; the C<"c"> format | |
1341 | is only for encoding native operating system characters (ASCII, EBCDIC, | |
1342 | and so on) and not for Unicode characters, so Perl behaved as if you meant | |
1343 | ||
1344 | pack("c", $x & 255); | |
1345 | ||
1346 | If you actually want to pack Unicode codepoints, use the C<"U"> format | |
1347 | instead. | |
1348 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1349 | =item Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack |
1350 | ||
1351 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1352 | ||
1353 | unpack("H", "\x{2a1}") | |
1354 | ||
1a147d38 | 1355 | where the format expects to process a byte (a character with a value |
6903afa2 FC |
1356 | below 256), but a higher value was provided instead. Perl uses the |
1357 | value modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: | |
f337b084 TH |
1358 | |
1359 | unpack("H", "\x{a1}") | |
1360 | ||
1361 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in pack | |
1362 | ||
1363 | (W pack) You tried something like | |
1364 | ||
1365 | pack("u", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1366 | ||
1a147d38 | 1367 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
6903afa2 | 1368 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl |
f337b084 TH |
1369 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1370 | ||
1371 | pack("u", "\x{f3}b") | |
1372 | ||
1373 | =item Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in unpack | |
1374 | ||
1375 | (W unpack) You tried something like | |
1376 | ||
1377 | unpack("s", "\x{1f3}b") | |
1378 | ||
1a147d38 | 1379 | where the format expects to process a sequence of bytes (character with a |
6903afa2 | 1380 | value below 256), but some of the characters had a higher value. Perl |
f337b084 TH |
1381 | uses the character values modulus 256 instead, as if you had provided: |
1382 | ||
1383 | unpack("s", "\x{f3}b") | |
1384 | ||
f866a7cd FC |
1385 | =item "\c{" is deprecated and is more clearly written as ";" |
1386 | ||
1387 | (D deprecated, syntax) The C<\cI<X>> construct is intended to be a way | |
1388 | to specify non-printable characters. You used it with a "{" which | |
1389 | evaluates to ";", which is printable. It is planned to remove the | |
79ef86ee | 1390 | ability to specify a semi-colon this way in Perl 5.18. Just use a |
f866a7cd FC |
1391 | semi-colon or a backslash-semi-colon without the "\c". |
1392 | ||
1393 | =item "\c%c" is more clearly written simply as "%s" | |
1394 | ||
1395 | (W syntax) The C<\cI<X>> construct is intended to be a way to specify | |
1396 | non-printable characters. You used it for a printable one, which is better | |
1397 | written as simply itself, perhaps preceded by a backslash for non-word | |
1398 | characters. | |
1399 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
1400 | =item Cloning substitution context is unimplemented |
1401 | ||
1402 | (F) Creating a new thread inside the C<s///> operator is not supported. | |
1403 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
1404 | =item close() on unopened filehandle %s |
1405 | ||
1406 | (W unopened) You tried to close a filehandle that was never opened. | |
1407 | ||
abc7ecad SP |
1408 | =item closedir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
1409 | ||
1410 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to close is either closed or not really | |
1411 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
1412 | ||
541ed3a9 FC |
1413 | =item Closure prototype called |
1414 | ||
1415 | (F) If a closure has attributes, the subroutine passed to an attribute | |
1416 | handler is the prototype that is cloned when a new closure is created. | |
1417 | This subroutine cannot be called. | |
1418 | ||
49704364 WL |
1419 | =item Code missing after '/' |
1420 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1421 | (F) You had a (sub-)template that ends with a '/'. There must be |
1422 | another template code following the slash. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
49704364 | 1423 | |
0876b9a0 KW |
1424 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, may not be portable |
1425 | ||
c634fdd3 | 1426 | =item Code point 0x%X is not Unicode, all \p{} matches fail; all \P{} matches succeed |
9ae3ac1a | 1427 | |
1b64326b FC |
1428 | (W utf8, non_unicode) You had a code point above the Unicode maximum |
1429 | of U+10FFFF. | |
1430 | ||
1431 | Perl allows strings to contain a superset of Unicode code points, up | |
1432 | to the limit of what is storable in an unsigned integer on your system, | |
1433 | but these may not be accepted by other languages/systems. At one time, | |
1434 | it was legal in some standards to have code points up to 0x7FFF_FFFF, | |
1435 | but not higher. Code points above 0xFFFF_FFFF require larger than a | |
1436 | 32 bit word. | |
0876b9a0 | 1437 | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
1438 | None of the Unicode or Perl-defined properties will match a non-Unicode |
1439 | code point. For example, | |
1440 | ||
1441 | chr(0x7FF_FFFF) =~ /\p{Any}/ | |
1442 | ||
1443 | will not match, because the code point is not in Unicode. But | |
1444 | ||
1445 | chr(0x7FF_FFFF) =~ /\P{Any}/ | |
1446 | ||
1447 | will match. | |
1448 | ||
94b42e47 KW |
1449 | This may be counterintuitive at times, as both these fail: |
1450 | ||
1451 | chr(0x110000) =~ \p{ASCII_Hex_Digit=True} # Fails. | |
1452 | chr(0x110000) =~ \p{ASCII_Hex_Digit=False} # Also fails! | |
1453 | ||
1454 | and both these succeed: | |
1455 | ||
1456 | chr(0x110000) =~ \P{ASCII_Hex_Digit=True} # Succeeds. | |
1457 | chr(0x110000) =~ \P{ASCII_Hex_Digit=False} # Also succeeds! | |
1458 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1459 | =item %s: Command not found |
1460 | ||
a892b81a FC |
1461 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> or another shell |
1462 | shell instead of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script | |
1463 | into Perl yourself. The #! line at the top of your file could look like | |
8f721816 MM |
1464 | |
1465 | #!/usr/bin/perl -w | |
6df41af2 | 1466 | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1467 | =item Compilation failed in require |
1468 | ||
1469 | (F) Perl could not compile a file specified in a C<require> statement. | |
be771a83 GS |
1470 | Perl uses this generic message when none of the errors that it |
1471 | encountered were severe enough to halt compilation immediately. | |
7a2e2cd6 | 1472 | |
c3464db5 DD |
1473 | =item Complex regular subexpression recursion limit (%d) exceeded |
1474 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1475 | (W regexp) The regular expression engine uses recursion in complex |
1476 | situations where back-tracking is required. Recursion depth is limited | |
1477 | to 32766, or perhaps less in architectures where the stack cannot grow | |
1478 | arbitrarily. ("Simple" and "medium" situations are handled without | |
1479 | recursion and are not subject to a limit.) Try shortening the string | |
1480 | under examination; looping in Perl code (e.g. with C<while>) rather than | |
1481 | in the regular expression engine; or rewriting the regular expression so | |
c2e66d9e | 1482 | that it is simpler or backtracks less. (See L<perlfaq2> for information |
be771a83 | 1483 | on I<Mastering Regular Expressions>.) |
c3464db5 | 1484 | |
38875929 DM |
1485 | =item cond_broadcast() called on unlocked variable |
1486 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1487 | (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to |
1488 | call cond_broadcast() on a variable which wasn't locked. | |
1489 | The cond_broadcast() function is used to wake up another thread | |
1490 | that is waiting in a cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't | |
1491 | sent before the other thread has a chance to enter the wait, it | |
1492 | is usual for the signaling thread first to wait for a lock on | |
1493 | variable. This lock attempt will only succeed after the other | |
1494 | thread has entered cond_wait() and thus relinquished the lock. | |
38875929 | 1495 | |
38875929 DM |
1496 | =item cond_signal() called on unlocked variable |
1497 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
1498 | (W threads) Within a thread-enabled program, you tried to |
1499 | call cond_signal() on a variable which wasn't locked. The | |
1500 | cond_signal() function is used to wake up another thread that | |
1501 | is waiting in a cond_wait(). To ensure that the signal isn't | |
1502 | sent before the other thread has a chance to enter the wait, it | |
1503 | is usual for the signaling thread first to wait for a lock on | |
1504 | variable. This lock attempt will only succeed after the other | |
1505 | thread has entered cond_wait() and thus relinquished the lock. | |
38875929 | 1506 | |
69282e91 | 1507 | =item connect() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 1508 | |
be771a83 GS |
1509 | (W closed) You tried to do a connect on a closed socket. Did you forget |
1510 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
1511 | L<perlfunc/connect>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1512 | |
41ab332f | 1513 | =item Constant(%s)%s: %s |
6df41af2 | 1514 | |
be771a83 GS |
1515 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies either while attempting to define |
1516 | an overloaded constant, or when trying to find the character name | |
1517 | specified in the C<\N{...}> escape. Perhaps you forgot to load the | |
fbb93542 | 1518 | corresponding L<overload> pragma?. |
6df41af2 | 1519 | |
fc8cd66c YO |
1520 | =item Constant(%s)%s: %s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1521 | ||
1a147d38 | 1522 | (F) The parser found inconsistencies while attempting to find |
fbb93542 | 1523 | the character name specified in the C<\N{...}> escape. |
fc8cd66c | 1524 | |
779c5bc9 GS |
1525 | =item Constant is not %s reference |
1526 | ||
1527 | (F) A constant value (perhaps declared using the C<use constant> pragma) | |
be771a83 | 1528 | is being dereferenced, but it amounts to the wrong type of reference. |
6903afa2 | 1529 | The message indicates the type of reference that was expected. This |
be771a83 | 1530 | usually indicates a syntax error in dereferencing the constant value. |
779c5bc9 GS |
1531 | See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> and L<constant>. |
1532 | ||
4cee8e80 CS |
1533 | =item Constant subroutine %s redefined |
1534 | ||
aeb94125 FC |
1535 | (W redefine)(S) You redefined a subroutine which had previously |
1536 | been eligible for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> | |
1537 | for commentary and workarounds. | |
4cee8e80 | 1538 | |
9607fc9c | 1539 | =item Constant subroutine %s undefined |
1540 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1541 | (W misc) You undefined a subroutine which had previously been eligible |
1542 | for inlining. See L<perlsub/"Constant Functions"> for commentary and | |
1543 | workarounds. | |
9607fc9c | 1544 | |
e7ea3e70 IZ |
1545 | =item Copy method did not return a reference |
1546 | ||
6903afa2 | 1547 | (F) The method which overloads "=" is buggy. See |
13a2d996 | 1548 | L<overload/Copy Constructor>. |
e7ea3e70 | 1549 | |
4aaa4757 FC |
1550 | =item &CORE::%s cannot be called directly |
1551 | ||
1552 | (F) You tried to call a subroutine in the C<CORE::> namespace | |
8d605c0d | 1553 | with C<&foo> syntax or through a reference. Some subroutines |
4aaa4757 FC |
1554 | in this package cannot yet be called that way, but must be |
1555 | called as barewords. Something like this will work: | |
1556 | ||
1557 | BEGIN { *shove = \&CORE::push; } | |
1558 | shove @array, 1,2,3; # pushes on to @array | |
1559 | ||
6798c92b GS |
1560 | =item CORE::%s is not a keyword |
1561 | ||
1562 | (F) The CORE:: namespace is reserved for Perl keywords. | |
1563 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1564 | =item corrupted regexp pointers |
1565 | ||
1566 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
1567 | expression compiler gave it. | |
1568 | ||
1569 | =item corrupted regexp program | |
1570 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1571 | (P) The regular expression engine got passed a regexp program without a |
1572 | valid magic number. | |
a0d0e21e | 1573 | |
de42a5a9 | 1574 | =item Corrupt malloc ptr 0x%x at 0x%x |
6df41af2 GS |
1575 | |
1576 | (P) The malloc package that comes with Perl had an internal failure. | |
1577 | ||
49704364 WL |
1578 | =item Count after length/code in unpack |
1579 | ||
1580 | (F) You had an unpack template indicating a counted-length string, but | |
1581 | you have also specified an explicit size for the string. See | |
1582 | L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1583 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
1584 | =item Deep recursion on anonymous subroutine |
1585 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1586 | =item Deep recursion on subroutine "%s" |
1587 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1588 | (W recursion) This subroutine has called itself (directly or indirectly) |
1589 | 100 times more than it has returned. This probably indicates an | |
1590 | infinite recursion, unless you're writing strange benchmark programs, in | |
1591 | which case it indicates something else. | |
a0d0e21e | 1592 | |
aad1d01f NC |
1593 | This threshold can be changed from 100, by recompiling the F<perl> binary, |
1594 | setting the C pre-processor macro C<PERL_SUB_DEPTH_WARN> to the desired value. | |
1595 | ||
f10b0346 | 1596 | =item defined(@array) is deprecated |
69794302 | 1597 | |
be771a83 GS |
1598 | (D deprecated) defined() is not usually useful on arrays because it |
1599 | checks for an undefined I<scalar> value. If you want to see if the | |
64977eb6 | 1600 | array is empty, just use C<if (@array) { # not empty }> for example. |
69794302 | 1601 | |
f10b0346 | 1602 | =item defined(%hash) is deprecated |
69794302 | 1603 | |
f0ec9725 KR |
1604 | (D deprecated) C<defined()> is not usually right on hashes and has been |
1605 | discouraged since 5.004. | |
1606 | ||
1607 | Although C<defined %hash> is false on a plain not-yet-used hash, it | |
1608 | becomes true in several non-obvious circumstances, including iterators, | |
1609 | weak references, stash names, even remaining true after C<undef %hash>. | |
1610 | These things make C<defined %hash> fairly useless in practice. | |
1611 | ||
1612 | If a check for non-empty is what you wanted then just put it in boolean | |
1613 | context (see L<perldata/Scalar values>): | |
16546e45 KR |
1614 | |
1615 | if (%hash) { | |
1616 | # not empty | |
1617 | } | |
1618 | ||
f0ec9725 KR |
1619 | If you had C<defined %Foo::Bar::QUUX> to check whether such a package |
1620 | variable exists then that's never really been reliable, and isn't | |
1621 | a good way to enquire about the features of a package, or whether | |
1622 | it's loaded, etc. | |
1623 | ||
69794302 | 1624 | |
bcb95744 FC |
1625 | =item (?(DEFINE)....) does not allow branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1626 | ||
6903afa2 | 1627 | (F) You used something like C<(?(DEFINE)...|..)> which is illegal. The |
bcb95744 FC |
1628 | most likely cause of this error is that you left out a parenthesis inside |
1629 | of the C<....> part. | |
1630 | ||
1631 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
1632 | discovered. | |
1633 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1634 | =item %s defines neither package nor VERSION--version check failed |
1635 | ||
1636 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but in the Module file | |
1637 | there are neither package declarations nor a C<$VERSION>. | |
1638 | ||
fc36a67e | 1639 | =item Delimiter for here document is too long |
1640 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1641 | (F) In a here document construct like C<<<FOO>, the label C<FOO> is too |
1642 | long for Perl to handle. You have to be seriously twisted to write code | |
1643 | that triggers this error. | |
fc36a67e | 1644 | |
4a68bf9d | 1645 | =item Deprecated character in \N{...}; marked by <-- HERE in \N{%s<-- HERE %s |
cb233ae3 KW |
1646 | |
1647 | (D deprecated) Just about anything is legal for the C<...> in C<\N{...}>. | |
5fca8acb FC |
1648 | But starting in 5.12, non-reasonable ones that don't look like names |
1649 | are deprecated. A reasonable name begins with an alphabetic character | |
1650 | and continues with any combination of alphanumerics, dashes, spaces, | |
1651 | parentheses or colons. | |
cb233ae3 | 1652 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
1653 | =item Deprecated use of my() in false conditional |
1654 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
1655 | (D deprecated) You used a declaration similar to C<my $x if 0>. There |
1656 | has been a long-standing bug in Perl that causes a lexical variable | |
6d3b25aa | 1657 | not to be cleared at scope exit when its declaration includes a false |
6903afa2 | 1658 | conditional. Some people have exploited this bug to achieve a kind of |
fa816bf3 | 1659 | static variable. Since we intend to fix this bug, we don't want people |
6903afa2 | 1660 | relying on this behavior. You can achieve a similar static effect by |
6d3b25aa | 1661 | declaring the variable in a separate block outside the function, eg |
36fb85f3 | 1662 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
1663 | sub f { my $x if 0; return $x++ } |
1664 | ||
1665 | becomes | |
1666 | ||
1667 | { my $x; sub f { return $x++ } } | |
1668 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
1669 | Beginning with perl 5.9.4, you can also use C<state> variables to have |
1670 | lexicals that are initialized only once (see L<feature>): | |
36fb85f3 RGS |
1671 | |
1672 | sub f { state $x; return $x++ } | |
1673 | ||
500ab966 RGS |
1674 | =item DESTROY created new reference to dead object '%s' |
1675 | ||
1676 | (F) A DESTROY() method created a new reference to the object which is | |
6903afa2 FC |
1677 | just being DESTROYed. Perl is confused, and prefers to abort rather |
1678 | than to create a dangling reference. | |
500ab966 | 1679 | |
3cdd684c TP |
1680 | =item Did not produce a valid header |
1681 | ||
1682 | See Server error. | |
1683 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1684 | =item %s did not return a true value |
1685 | ||
1686 | (F) A required (or used) file must return a true value to indicate that | |
1687 | it compiled correctly and ran its initialization code correctly. It's | |
1688 | traditional to end such a file with a "1;", though any true value would | |
1689 | do. See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
1690 | ||
cc507455 | 1691 | =item (Did you mean &%s instead?) |
4633a7c4 | 1692 | |
413ff9f6 FC |
1693 | (W misc) You probably referred to an imported subroutine &FOO as $FOO or |
1694 | some such. | |
4633a7c4 | 1695 | |
cc507455 | 1696 | =item (Did you mean "local" instead of "our"?) |
33633739 | 1697 | |
be771a83 GS |
1698 | (W misc) Remember that "our" does not localize the declared global |
1699 | variable. You have declared it again in the same lexical scope, which | |
1700 | seems superfluous. | |
33633739 | 1701 | |
cc507455 | 1702 | =item (Did you mean $ or @ instead of %?) |
a0d0e21e | 1703 | |
be771a83 GS |
1704 | (W) You probably said %hash{$key} when you meant $hash{$key} or |
1705 | @hash{@keys}. On the other hand, maybe you just meant %hash and got | |
1706 | carried away. | |
748a9306 | 1707 | |
7e1af8bc | 1708 | =item Died |
5f05dabc | 1709 | |
1710 | (F) You passed die() an empty string (the equivalent of C<die "">) or | |
075b00aa | 1711 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 1712 | |
3cdd684c TP |
1713 | =item Document contains no data |
1714 | ||
1715 | See Server error. | |
1716 | ||
62658f4d PM |
1717 | =item %s does not define %s::VERSION--version check failed |
1718 | ||
1719 | (F) You said something like "use Module 42" but the Module did not | |
1720 | define a C<$VERSION.> | |
1721 | ||
49704364 WL |
1722 | =item '/' does not take a repeat count |
1723 | ||
1724 | (F) You cannot put a repeat count of any kind right after the '/' code. | |
1725 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1726 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1727 | =item Don't know how to handle magic of type '%s' |
1728 | ||
1729 | (P) The internal handling of magical variables has been cursed. | |
1730 | ||
1731 | =item do_study: out of memory | |
1732 | ||
1733 | (P) This should have been caught by safemalloc() instead. | |
1734 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1735 | =item (Do you need to predeclare %s?) |
1736 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
1737 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
1738 | "%s found where operator expected". It often means a subroutine or module | |
6df41af2 GS |
1739 | name is being referenced that hasn't been declared yet. This may be |
1740 | because of ordering problems in your file, or because of a missing | |
be771a83 GS |
1741 | "sub", "package", "require", or "use" statement. If you're referencing |
1742 | something that isn't defined yet, you don't actually have to define the | |
1743 | subroutine or package before the current location. You can use an empty | |
1744 | "sub foo;" or "package FOO;" to enter a "forward" declaration. | |
6df41af2 | 1745 | |
ac206dc8 RGS |
1746 | =item dump() better written as CORE::dump() |
1747 | ||
1748 | (W misc) You used the obsolescent C<dump()> built-in function, without fully | |
1749 | qualifying it as C<CORE::dump()>. Maybe it's a typo. See L<perlfunc/dump>. | |
1750 | ||
84d78eb7 YO |
1751 | =item dump is not supported |
1752 | ||
1753 | (F) Your machine doesn't support dump/undump. | |
1754 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1755 | =item Duplicate free() ignored |
1756 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1757 | (S malloc) An internal routine called free() on something that had |
1758 | already been freed. | |
a0d0e21e | 1759 | |
1109a392 MHM |
1760 | =item Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s |
1761 | ||
1762 | (W) You have applied the same modifier more than once after a type | |
1763 | in a pack template. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
1764 | ||
4633a7c4 LW |
1765 | =item elseif should be elsif |
1766 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
1767 | (S syntax) There is no keyword "elseif" in Perl because Larry thinks |
1768 | it's ugly. Your code will be interpreted as an attempt to call a method | |
1769 | named "elseif" for the class returned by the following block. This is | |
4633a7c4 LW |
1770 | unlikely to be what you want. |
1771 | ||
ab13f0c7 JH |
1772 | =item Empty %s |
1773 | ||
af6f566e | 1774 | (F) C<\p> and C<\P> are used to introduce a named Unicode property, as |
6903afa2 | 1775 | described in L<perlunicode> and L<perlre>. You used C<\p> or C<\P> in |
af6f566e | 1776 | a regular expression without specifying the property name. |
ab13f0c7 | 1777 | |
85ab1d1d | 1778 | =item entering effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 1779 | |
85ab1d1d | 1780 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
1781 | effective uids or gids failed. |
1782 | ||
c038024b RGS |
1783 | =item %ENV is aliased to %s |
1784 | ||
1785 | (F) You're running under taint mode, and the C<%ENV> variable has been | |
1786 | aliased to another hash, so it doesn't reflect anymore the state of the | |
6903afa2 | 1787 | program's environment. This is potentially insecure. |
c038024b | 1788 | |
748a9306 LW |
1789 | =item Error converting file specification %s |
1790 | ||
5f05dabc | 1791 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Because Perl may have to deal with file |
748a9306 | 1792 | specifications in either VMS or Unix syntax, it converts them to a |
be771a83 GS |
1793 | single form when it must operate on them directly. Either you've passed |
1794 | an invalid file specification to Perl, or you've found a case the | |
1795 | conversion routines don't handle. Drat. | |
748a9306 | 1796 | |
ad19ef22 | 1797 | =item Eval-group in insecure regular expression |
e4d48cc9 | 1798 | |
be771a83 GS |
1799 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular |
1800 | expression that contains the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion, which | |
1801 | is unsafe. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>, and L<perlsec>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 1802 | |
ad19ef22 | 1803 | =item Eval-group not allowed at runtime, use re 'eval' in regex m/%s/ |
e4d48cc9 | 1804 | |
be771a83 GS |
1805 | (F) Perl tried to compile a regular expression containing the |
1806 | C<(?{ ... })> zero-width assertion at run time, as it would when the | |
f11307f5 FC |
1807 | pattern contains interpolated values. Since that is a security risk, |
1808 | it is not allowed. If you insist, you may still do this by using the | |
1809 | C<re 'eval'> pragma or by explicitly building the pattern from an | |
1810 | interpolated string at run time and using that in an eval(). See | |
1811 | L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
e4d48cc9 | 1812 | |
ad19ef22 | 1813 | =item Eval-group not allowed, use re 'eval' in regex m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 1814 | |
be771a83 GS |
1815 | (F) A regular expression contained the C<(?{ ... })> zero-width |
1816 | assertion, but that construct is only allowed when the C<use re 'eval'> | |
1817 | pragma is in effect. See L<perlre/(?{ code })>. | |
6df41af2 | 1818 | |
1a147d38 YO |
1819 | =item EVAL without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1820 | ||
1821 | (F) You used a pattern that nested too many EVAL calls without consuming | |
6903afa2 | 1822 | any text. Restructure the pattern so that text is consumed. |
1a147d38 YO |
1823 | |
1824 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
1825 | discovered. | |
1826 | ||
fc36a67e | 1827 | =item Excessively long <> operator |
1828 | ||
1829 | (F) The contents of a <> operator may not exceed the maximum size of a | |
1830 | Perl identifier. If you're just trying to glob a long list of | |
1831 | filenames, try using the glob() operator, or put the filenames into a | |
1832 | variable and glob that. | |
1833 | ||
ed9aa3b7 SG |
1834 | =item exec? I'm not *that* kind of operating system |
1835 | ||
af8bb25a | 1836 | (F) The C<exec> function is not implemented on some systems, e.g., Symbian |
6903afa2 | 1837 | OS. See L<perlport>. |
ed9aa3b7 | 1838 | |
fe13d51d | 1839 | =item Execution of %s aborted due to compilation errors. |
a0d0e21e LW |
1840 | |
1841 | (F) The final summary message when a Perl compilation fails. | |
1842 | ||
1843 | =item Exiting eval via %s | |
1844 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1845 | (W exiting) You are exiting an eval by unconventional means, such as a |
1846 | goto, or a loop control statement. | |
e476b1b5 GS |
1847 | |
1848 | =item Exiting format via %s | |
1849 | ||
9a2ff54b | 1850 | (W exiting) You are exiting a format by unconventional means, such as a |
be771a83 | 1851 | goto, or a loop control statement. |
a0d0e21e | 1852 | |
0a753a76 | 1853 | =item Exiting pseudo-block via %s |
1854 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1855 | (W exiting) You are exiting a rather special block construct (like a |
1856 | sort block or subroutine) by unconventional means, such as a goto, or a | |
1857 | loop control statement. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
0a753a76 | 1858 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1859 | =item Exiting subroutine via %s |
1860 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1861 | (W exiting) You are exiting a subroutine by unconventional means, such |
1862 | as a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1863 | |
1864 | =item Exiting substitution via %s | |
1865 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1866 | (W exiting) You are exiting a substitution by unconventional means, such |
1867 | as a return, a goto, or a loop control statement. | |
a0d0e21e | 1868 | |
7b8d334a GS |
1869 | =item Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main) |
1870 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1871 | (W misc) You are blessing a reference to a zero length string. This has |
1872 | the effect of blessing the reference into the package main. This is | |
1873 | usually not what you want. Consider providing a default target package, | |
1874 | e.g. bless($ref, $p || 'MyPackage'); | |
7b8d334a | 1875 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1876 | =item %s: Expression syntax |
1877 | ||
be771a83 GS |
1878 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
1879 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
1880 | |
1881 | =item %s failed--call queue aborted | |
1882 | ||
3c10abe3 AG |
1883 | (F) An untrapped exception was raised while executing a UNITCHECK, |
1884 | CHECK, INIT, or END subroutine. Processing of the remainder of the | |
1885 | queue of such routines has been prematurely ended. | |
6df41af2 | 1886 | |
7253e4e3 | 1887 | =item False [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
73b437c8 | 1888 | |
be771a83 | 1889 | (W regexp) A character class range must start and end at a literal |
7253e4e3 RK |
1890 | character, not another character class like C<\d> or C<[:alpha:]>. The "-" |
1891 | in your false range is interpreted as a literal "-". Consider quoting the | |
1892 | "-", "\-". The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
1893 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
73b437c8 | 1894 | |
1b1ee2ef | 1895 | =item Fatal VMS error (status=%d) at %s, line %d |
a0d0e21e | 1896 | |
be771a83 GS |
1897 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Something untoward happened in a VMS |
1898 | system service or RTL routine; Perl's exit status should provide more | |
1899 | details. The filename in "at %s" and the line number in "line %d" tell | |
1900 | you which section of the Perl source code is distressed. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1901 | |
1902 | =item fcntl is not implemented | |
1903 | ||
1904 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement fcntl(). What is this, a | |
1905 | PDP-11 or something? | |
1906 | ||
22846ab4 AB |
1907 | =item FETCHSIZE returned a negative value |
1908 | ||
1909 | (F) A tied array claimed to have a negative number of elements, which | |
1910 | is not possible. | |
1911 | ||
f337b084 TH |
1912 | =item Field too wide in 'u' format in pack |
1913 | ||
1914 | (W pack) Each line in an uuencoded string start with a length indicator | |
6903afa2 FC |
1915 | which can't encode values above 63. So there is no point in asking for |
1916 | a line length bigger than that. Perl will behave as if you specified | |
5c96f6f7 | 1917 | C<u63> as the format. |
f337b084 | 1918 | |
af8c498a | 1919 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for input |
a0d0e21e | 1920 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
1921 | (W io) You tried to write on a read-only filehandle. If you intended |
1922 | it to be a read-write filehandle, you needed to open it with "+<" or | |
1923 | "+>" or "+>>" instead of with "<" or nothing. If you intended only to | |
1924 | write the file, use ">" or ">>". See L<perlfunc/open>. | |
a0d0e21e | 1925 | |
af8c498a | 1926 | =item Filehandle %s opened only for output |
a0d0e21e | 1927 | |
6c8d78fb HS |
1928 | (W io) You tried to read from a filehandle opened only for writing, If |
1929 | you intended it to be a read/write filehandle, you needed to open it | |
89a1bda8 FC |
1930 | with "+<" or "+>" or "+>>" instead of with ">". If you intended only to |
1931 | read from the file, use "<". See L<perlfunc/open>. Another possibility | |
1932 | is that you attempted to open filedescriptor 0 (also known as STDIN) for | |
1933 | output (maybe you closed STDIN earlier?). | |
97828cef RGS |
1934 | |
1935 | =item Filehandle %s reopened as %s only for input | |
1936 | ||
1937 | (W io) You opened for reading a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
6903afa2 | 1938 | as STDOUT or STDERR. This occurred because you closed STDOUT or STDERR |
97828cef RGS |
1939 | previously. |
1940 | ||
1941 | =item Filehandle STDIN reopened as %s only for output | |
1942 | ||
1943 | (W io) You opened for writing a filehandle that got the same filehandle id | |
fa816bf3 | 1944 | as STDIN. This occurred because you closed STDIN previously. |
a0d0e21e LW |
1945 | |
1946 | =item Final $ should be \$ or $name | |
1947 | ||
1948 | (F) You must now decide whether the final $ in a string was meant to be | |
be771a83 GS |
1949 | a literal dollar sign, or was meant to introduce a variable name that |
1950 | happens to be missing. So you have to put either the backslash or the | |
1951 | name. | |
a0d0e21e | 1952 | |
56e90b21 GS |
1953 | =item flock() on closed filehandle %s |
1954 | ||
be771a83 | 1955 | (W closed) The filehandle you're attempting to flock() got itself closed |
c289d2f7 | 1956 | some time before now. Check your control flow. flock() operates on |
be771a83 GS |
1957 | filehandles. Are you attempting to call flock() on a dirhandle by the |
1958 | same name? | |
56e90b21 | 1959 | |
6df41af2 GS |
1960 | =item Format not terminated |
1961 | ||
1962 | (F) A format must be terminated by a line with a solitary dot. Perl got | |
1963 | to the end of your file without finding such a line. | |
1964 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1965 | =item Format %s redefined |
1966 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1967 | (W redefine) You redefined a format. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
1968 | |
1969 | { | |
271595cc | 1970 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
1971 | eval "format NAME =..."; |
1972 | } | |
1973 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
1974 | =item Found = in conditional, should be == |
1975 | ||
e476b1b5 | 1976 | (W syntax) You said |
a0d0e21e LW |
1977 | |
1978 | if ($foo = 123) | |
1979 | ||
1980 | when you meant | |
1981 | ||
1982 | if ($foo == 123) | |
1983 | ||
1984 | (or something like that). | |
1985 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
1986 | =item %s found where operator expected |
1987 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
1988 | (S syntax) The Perl lexer knows whether to expect a term or an operator. |
1989 | If it sees what it knows to be a term when it was expecting to see an | |
be771a83 GS |
1990 | operator, it gives you this warning. Usually it indicates that an |
1991 | operator or delimiter was omitted, such as a semicolon. | |
6df41af2 | 1992 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
1993 | =item gdbm store returned %d, errno %d, key "%s" |
1994 | ||
1995 | (S) A warning from the GDBM_File extension that a store failed. | |
1996 | ||
1997 | =item gethostent not implemented | |
1998 | ||
1999 | (F) Your C library apparently doesn't implement gethostent(), probably | |
2000 | because if it did, it'd feel morally obligated to return every hostname | |
2001 | on the Internet. | |
2002 | ||
69282e91 | 2003 | =item get%sname() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 2004 | |
be771a83 GS |
2005 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket or peer socket name on a closed |
2006 | socket. Did you forget to check the return value of your socket() call? | |
a0d0e21e | 2007 | |
748a9306 LW |
2008 | =item getpwnam returned invalid UIC %#o for user "%s" |
2009 | ||
2010 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. The call to C<sys$getuai> underlying the | |
2011 | C<getpwnam> operator returned an invalid UIC. | |
2012 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2013 | =item getsockopt() on closed socket %s |
2014 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2015 | (W closed) You tried to get a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
2016 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
2017 | L<perlfunc/getsockopt>. |
2018 | ||
2019 | =item Global symbol "%s" requires explicit package name | |
2020 | ||
a4edf47d | 2021 | (F) You've said "use strict" or "use strict vars", which indicates |
30c282f6 | 2022 | that all variables must either be lexically scoped (using "my" or "state"), |
a4edf47d GS |
2023 | declared beforehand using "our", or explicitly qualified to say |
2024 | which package the global variable is in (using "::"). | |
6df41af2 | 2025 | |
e476b1b5 GS |
2026 | =item glob failed (%s) |
2027 | ||
5ead438e | 2028 | (S glob) Something went wrong with the external program(s) used |
73c4e9dc FC |
2029 | for C<glob> and C<< <*.c> >>. Usually, this means that you supplied a C<glob> |
2030 | pattern that caused the external program to fail and exit with a | |
be771a83 | 2031 | nonzero status. If the message indicates that the abnormal exit |
73c4e9dc FC |
2032 | resulted in a coredump, this may also mean that your csh (C shell) |
2033 | is broken. If so, you should change all of the csh-related variables | |
2034 | in config.sh: If you have tcsh, make the variables refer to it as | |
2035 | if it were csh (e.g. C<full_csh='/usr/bin/tcsh'>); otherwise, make them | |
2036 | all empty (except that C<d_csh> should be C<'undef'>) so that Perl will | |
be771a83 | 2037 | think csh is missing. In either case, after editing config.sh, run |
75b44862 | 2038 | C<./Configure -S> and rebuild Perl. |
e476b1b5 | 2039 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2040 | =item Glob not terminated |
2041 | ||
2042 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting | |
be771a83 GS |
2043 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
2044 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
2045 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
a0d0e21e | 2046 | |
bcd05b94 | 2047 | =item gmtime(%f) too large |
8b56d6ff | 2048 | |
e9200be3 | 2049 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was larger than |
fc003d4b | 2050 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong |
6903afa2 | 2051 | date. This warning is also triggered with NaN (the special |
fc003d4b MS |
2052 | not-a-number value). |
2053 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2054 | =item gmtime(%f) too small |
fc003d4b | 2055 | |
e9200be3 | 2056 | (W overflow) You called C<gmtime> with a number that was smaller than |
e7a1a147 | 2057 | it can reliably handle and C<gmtime> probably returned the wrong date. |
8b56d6ff | 2058 | |
6df41af2 | 2059 | =item Got an error from DosAllocMem |
a0d0e21e | 2060 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2061 | (P) An error peculiar to OS/2. Most probably you're using an obsolete |
2062 | version of Perl, and this should not happen anyway. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2063 | |
2064 | =item goto must have label | |
2065 | ||
2066 | (F) Unlike with "next" or "last", you're not allowed to goto an | |
2067 | unspecified destination. See L<perlfunc/goto>. | |
2068 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
2069 | =item Goto undefined subroutine%s |
2070 | ||
2071 | (F) You tried to call a subroutine with C<goto &sub> syntax, but | |
2072 | the indicated subroutine hasn't been defined, or if it was, it | |
2073 | has since been undefined. | |
2074 | ||
49704364 | 2075 | =item ()-group starts with a count |
18529408 | 2076 | |
bca4a986 FC |
2077 | (F) A ()-group started with a count. A count is supposed to follow |
2078 | something: a template character or a ()-group. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
18529408 | 2079 | |
1f4f6bf1 YO |
2080 | =item Group name must start with a non-digit word character in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2081 | ||
2082 | (F) Group names must follow the rules for perl identifiers, meaning | |
2083 | they must start with a non-digit word character. A common cause of | |
2084 | this error is using (?&0) instead of (?0). See L<perlre>. | |
2085 | ||
fe13d51d | 2086 | =item %s had compilation errors. |
6df41af2 GS |
2087 | |
2088 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> fails. | |
2089 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2090 | =item Had to create %s unexpectedly |
2091 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2092 | (S internal) A routine asked for a symbol from a symbol table that ought |
2093 | to have existed already, but for some reason it didn't, and had to be | |
2094 | created on an emergency basis to prevent a core dump. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2095 | |
2096 | =item Hash %%s missing the % in argument %d of %s() | |
2097 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2098 | (D deprecated) Really old Perl let you omit the % on hash names in some |
2099 | spots. This is now heavily deprecated. | |
a0d0e21e | 2100 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2101 | =item %s has too many errors |
2102 | ||
2103 | (F) The parser has given up trying to parse the program after 10 errors. | |
2104 | Further error messages would likely be uninformative. | |
2105 | ||
252aa082 JH |
2106 | =item Hexadecimal number > 0xffffffff non-portable |
2107 | ||
e476b1b5 | 2108 | (W portable) The hexadecimal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2109 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
2110 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 2111 | |
8903cb82 | 2112 | =item Identifier too long |
2113 | ||
2114 | (F) Perl limits identifiers (names for variables, functions, etc.) to | |
fc36a67e | 2115 | about 250 characters for simple names, and somewhat more for compound |
be771a83 GS |
2116 | names (like C<$A::B>). You've exceeded Perl's limits. Future versions |
2117 | of Perl are likely to eliminate these arbitrary limitations. | |
8903cb82 | 2118 | |
c3c41406 | 2119 | =item Ignoring zero length \N{} in character class |
fc8cd66c | 2120 | |
20561843 | 2121 | (W) Named Unicode character escapes C<(\N{...})> may return a zero-length |
6903afa2 FC |
2122 | sequence. When such an escape is used in a character class its |
2123 | behaviour is not well defined. Check that the correct escape has | |
fc8cd66c YO |
2124 | been used, and the correct charname handler is in scope. |
2125 | ||
6df41af2 | 2126 | =item Illegal binary digit %s |
f675dbe5 | 2127 | |
6df41af2 | 2128 | (F) You used a digit other than 0 or 1 in a binary number. |
f675dbe5 | 2129 | |
6df41af2 | 2130 | =item Illegal binary digit %s ignored |
a0d0e21e | 2131 | |
be771a83 GS |
2132 | (W digit) You may have tried to use a digit other than 0 or 1 in a |
2133 | binary number. Interpretation of the binary number stopped before the | |
2134 | offending digit. | |
a0d0e21e | 2135 | |
6597eb22 FC |
2136 | =item Illegal character after '_' in prototype for %s : %s |
2137 | ||
2138 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype declaration. | |
2139 | Legal characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [, ], &, \, and +. | |
2140 | ||
78d0fecf | 2141 | =item Illegal character \%o (carriage return) |
4fdae800 | 2142 | |
d5898338 | 2143 | (F) Perl normally treats carriage returns in the program text as it |
be771a83 GS |
2144 | would any other whitespace, which means you should never see this error |
2145 | when Perl was built using standard options. For some reason, your | |
2146 | version of Perl appears to have been built without this support. Talk | |
2147 | to your Perl administrator. | |
4fdae800 | 2148 | |
d37a9538 ST |
2149 | =item Illegal character in prototype for %s : %s |
2150 | ||
197afce1 | 2151 | (W illegalproto) An illegal character was found in a prototype declaration. |
2e9cc7ef | 2152 | Legal characters in prototypes are $, @, %, *, ;, [, ], &, \, and +. |
d37a9538 | 2153 | |
904d85c5 RGS |
2154 | =item Illegal declaration of anonymous subroutine |
2155 | ||
2156 | (F) When using the C<sub> keyword to construct an anonymous subroutine, | |
6903afa2 | 2157 | you must always specify a block of code. See L<perlsub>. |
904d85c5 | 2158 | |
8e742a20 MHM |
2159 | =item Illegal declaration of subroutine %s |
2160 | ||
6903afa2 | 2161 | (F) A subroutine was not declared correctly. See L<perlsub>. |
8e742a20 | 2162 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2163 | =item Illegal division by zero |
2164 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2165 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0. Either something was wrong in |
2166 | your logic, or you need to put a conditional in to guard against | |
2167 | meaningless input. | |
a0d0e21e | 2168 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2169 | =item Illegal hexadecimal digit %s ignored |
2170 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2171 | (W digit) You may have tried to use a character other than 0 - 9 or |
2172 | A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. Interpretation of the hexadecimal | |
2173 | number stopped before the illegal character. | |
6df41af2 | 2174 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2175 | =item Illegal modulus zero |
2176 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2177 | (F) You tried to divide a number by 0 to get the remainder. Most |
2178 | numbers don't take to this kindly. | |
a0d0e21e | 2179 | |
6df41af2 | 2180 | =item Illegal number of bits in vec |
399388f4 | 2181 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2182 | (F) The number of bits in vec() (the third argument) must be a power of |
2183 | two from 1 to 32 (or 64, if your platform supports that). | |
399388f4 GS |
2184 | |
2185 | =item Illegal octal digit %s | |
a0d0e21e | 2186 | |
d1be9408 | 2187 | (F) You used an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
a0d0e21e | 2188 | |
399388f4 | 2189 | =item Illegal octal digit %s ignored |
748a9306 | 2190 | |
d1be9408 | 2191 | (W digit) You may have tried to use an 8 or 9 in an octal number. |
75b44862 | 2192 | Interpretation of the octal number stopped before the 8 or 9. |
748a9306 | 2193 | |
fe13d51d | 2194 | =item Illegal switch in PERL5OPT: -%c |
6ff81951 | 2195 | |
6df41af2 | 2196 | (X) The PERL5OPT environment variable may only be used to set the |
646ca9b2 | 2197 | following switches: B<-[CDIMUdmtw]>. |
6ff81951 | 2198 | |
6df41af2 | 2199 | =item Ill-formed CRTL environ value "%s" |
81e118e0 | 2200 | |
75b44862 | 2201 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the CRTL's |
be771a83 GS |
2202 | internal environ array, and encountered an element without the C<=> |
2203 | delimiter used to separate keys from values. The element is ignored. | |
09bef843 | 2204 | |
6df41af2 | 2205 | =item Ill-formed message in prime_env_iter: |%s| |
54310121 | 2206 | |
be771a83 GS |
2207 | (W internal) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read a logical |
2208 | name or CLI symbol definition when preparing to iterate over %ENV, and | |
2209 | didn't see the expected delimiter between key and value, so the line was | |
2210 | ignored. | |
54310121 | 2211 | |
6df41af2 | 2212 | =item (in cleanup) %s |
9607fc9c | 2213 | |
be771a83 GS |
2214 | (W misc) This prefix usually indicates that a DESTROY() method raised |
2215 | the indicated exception. Since destructors are usually called by the | |
2216 | system at arbitrary points during execution, and often a vast number of | |
2217 | times, the warning is issued only once for any number of failures that | |
2218 | would otherwise result in the same message being repeated. | |
6df41af2 | 2219 | |
be771a83 GS |
2220 | Failure of user callbacks dispatched using the C<G_KEEPERR> flag could |
2221 | also result in this warning. See L<perlcall/G_KEEPERR>. | |
9607fc9c | 2222 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2223 | =item Inconsistent hierarchy during C3 merge of class '%s': merging failed on parent '%s' |
2224 | ||
2225 | (F) The method resolution order (MRO) of the given class is not | |
2226 | C3-consistent, and you have enabled the C3 MRO for this class. See the C3 | |
2227 | documentation in L<mro> for more information. | |
2228 | ||
979699d9 JH |
2229 | =item In EBCDIC the v-string components cannot exceed 2147483647 |
2230 | ||
2231 | (F) An error peculiar to EBCDIC. Internally, v-strings are stored as | |
2232 | Unicode code points, and encoded in EBCDIC as UTF-EBCDIC. The UTF-EBCDIC | |
2233 | encoding is limited to code points no larger than 2147483647 (0x7FFFFFFF). | |
2234 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
2235 | =item Infinite recursion in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2236 | ||
2237 | (F) You used a pattern that references itself without consuming any input | |
6903afa2 | 2238 | text. You should check the pattern to ensure that recursive patterns |
1a147d38 YO |
2239 | either consume text or fail. |
2240 | ||
2241 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
2242 | discovered. | |
2243 | ||
6dbe9451 NC |
2244 | =item Initialization of state variables in list context currently forbidden |
2245 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
2246 | (F) Currently the implementation of "state" only permits the |
2247 | initialization of scalar variables in scalar context. Re-write | |
2248 | C<state ($a) = 42> as C<state $a = 42> to change from list to scalar | |
2249 | context. Constructions such as C<state (@a) = foo()> will be | |
2250 | supported in a future perl release. | |
6dbe9451 | 2251 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2252 | =item Insecure dependency in %s |
2253 | ||
8b1a09fc | 2254 | (F) You tried to do something that the tainting mechanism didn't like. |
be771a83 GS |
2255 | The tainting mechanism is turned on when you're running setuid or |
2256 | setgid, or when you specify B<-T> to turn it on explicitly. The | |
2257 | tainting mechanism labels all data that's derived directly or indirectly | |
2258 | from the user, who is considered to be unworthy of your trust. If any | |
2259 | such data is used in a "dangerous" operation, you get this error. See | |
2260 | L<perlsec> for more information. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2261 | |
2262 | =item Insecure directory in %s | |
2263 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2264 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or |
2265 | setgid script if C<$ENV{PATH}> contains a directory that is writable by | |
df98f984 RGS |
2266 | the world. Also, the PATH must not contain any relative directory. |
2267 | See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2268 | |
62f468fc | 2269 | =item Insecure $ENV{%s} while running %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
2270 | |
2271 | (F) You can't use system(), exec(), or a piped open in a setuid or | |
62f468fc | 2272 | setgid script if any of C<$ENV{PATH}>, C<$ENV{IFS}>, C<$ENV{CDPATH}>, |
332d5f78 SR |
2273 | C<$ENV{ENV}>, C<$ENV{BASH_ENV}> or C<$ENV{TERM}> are derived from data |
2274 | supplied (or potentially supplied) by the user. The script must set | |
2275 | the path to a known value, using trustworthy data. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2276 | |
0e9be77f DM |
2277 | =item Insecure user-defined property %s |
2278 | ||
2279 | (F) Perl detected tainted data when trying to compile a regular | |
2280 | expression that contains a call to a user-defined character property | |
2281 | function, i.e. C<\p{IsFoo}> or C<\p{InFoo}>. | |
2282 | See L<perlunicode/User-Defined Character Properties> and L<perlsec>. | |
2283 | ||
b9ef414d FC |
2284 | =item Integer overflow in format string for %s |
2285 | ||
2286 | (F) The indexes and widths specified in the format string of C<printf()> | |
2287 | or C<sprintf()> are too large. The numbers must not overflow the size of | |
2288 | integers for your architecture. | |
2289 | ||
a7ae9550 GS |
2290 | =item Integer overflow in %s number |
2291 | ||
35928bc5 | 2292 | (S overflow) The hexadecimal, octal or binary number you have specified |
be771a83 GS |
2293 | either as a literal or as an argument to hex() or oct() is too big for |
2294 | your architecture, and has been converted to a floating point number. | |
2295 | On a 32-bit architecture the largest hexadecimal, octal or binary number | |
9e24b6e2 JH |
2296 | representable without overflow is 0xFFFFFFFF, 037777777777, or |
2297 | 0b11111111111111111111111111111111 respectively. Note that Perl | |
2298 | transparently promotes all numbers to a floating point representation | |
2299 | internally--subject to loss of precision errors in subsequent | |
2300 | operations. | |
bbce6d69 | 2301 | |
fc89ca81 FC |
2302 | =item Integer overflow in srand |
2303 | ||
2304 | (S overflow) The number you have passed to srand is too big to fit | |
2305 | in your architecture's integer representation. The number has been | |
2306 | replaced with the largest integer supported (0xFFFFFFFF on 32-bit | |
2307 | architectures). This means you may be getting less randomness than | |
2308 | you expect, because different random seeds above the maximum will | |
2309 | return the same sequence of random numbers. | |
2310 | ||
46314c13 JP |
2311 | =item Integer overflow in version |
2312 | ||
18da5252 FC |
2313 | =item Integer overflow in version %d |
2314 | ||
784d71ed FC |
2315 | (W overflow) Some portion of a version initialization is too large for |
2316 | the size of integers for your architecture. This is not a warning | |
f084e84f | 2317 | because there is no rational reason for a version to try and use an |
784d71ed FC |
2318 | element larger than typically 2**32. This is usually caused by trying |
2319 | to use some odd mathematical operation as a version, like 100/9. | |
46314c13 | 2320 | |
7253e4e3 | 2321 | =item Internal disaster in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2322 | |
2323 | (P) Something went badly wrong in the regular expression parser. | |
7253e4e3 | 2324 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
b45f050a JF |
2325 | discovered. |
2326 | ||
748a9306 LW |
2327 | =item Internal inconsistency in tracking vforks |
2328 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2329 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl keeps track of the number of times |
2330 | you've called C<fork> and C<exec>, to determine whether the current call | |
2331 | to C<exec> should affect the current script or a subprocess (see | |
2332 | L<perlvms/"exec LIST">). Somehow, this count has become scrambled, so | |
2333 | Perl is making a guess and treating this C<exec> as a request to | |
2334 | terminate the Perl script and execute the specified command. | |
748a9306 | 2335 | |
7253e4e3 | 2336 | =item Internal urp in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 2337 | |
fa816bf3 | 2338 | (P) Something went badly awry in the regular expression parser. The |
7253e4e3 RK |
2339 | <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
2340 | discovered. | |
a0d0e21e | 2341 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2342 | =item %s (...) interpreted as function |
2343 | ||
75b44862 | 2344 | (W syntax) You've run afoul of the rule that says that any list operator |
be771a83 | 2345 | followed by parentheses turns into a function, with all the list |
64977eb6 | 2346 | operators arguments found inside the parentheses. See |
13a2d996 | 2347 | L<perlop/Terms and List Operators (Leftward)>. |
6df41af2 | 2348 | |
09bef843 SB |
2349 | =item Invalid %s attribute: %s |
2350 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 2351 | (F) The indicated attribute for a subroutine or variable was not recognized |
09bef843 SB |
2352 | by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
2353 | ||
2354 | =item Invalid %s attributes: %s | |
2355 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 2356 | (F) The indicated attributes for a subroutine or variable were not |
be771a83 | 2357 | recognized by Perl or by a user-supplied handler. See L<attributes>. |
09bef843 | 2358 | |
c635e13b | 2359 | =item Invalid conversion in %s: "%s" |
2360 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2361 | (W printf) Perl does not understand the given format conversion. See |
2362 | L<perlfunc/sprintf>. | |
c635e13b | 2363 | |
9e08bc66 TS |
2364 | =item Invalid escape in the specified encoding in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2365 | ||
2366 | (W regexp) The numeric escape (for example C<\xHH>) of value < 256 | |
2367 | didn't correspond to a single character through the conversion | |
2368 | from the encoding specified by the encoding pragma. | |
2369 | The escape was replaced with REPLACEMENT CHARACTER (U+FFFD) instead. | |
2370 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
2371 | escape was discovered. | |
2372 | ||
8149aa9f FC |
2373 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} |
2374 | ||
aec0ef10 FC |
2375 | =item Invalid hexadecimal number in \N{U+...} in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2376 | ||
8149aa9f | 2377 | (F) The character constant represented by C<...> is not a valid hexadecimal |
74f8e9e3 FC |
2378 | number. Either it is empty, or you tried to use a character other than |
2379 | 0 - 9 or A - F, a - f in a hexadecimal number. | |
8149aa9f | 2380 | |
6651ba0b FC |
2381 | =item Invalid module name %s with -%c option: contains single ':' |
2382 | ||
2383 | (F) The module argument to perl's B<-m> and B<-M> command-line options | |
2384 | cannot contain single colons in the module name, but only in the | |
2385 | arguments after "=". In other words, B<-MFoo::Bar=:baz> is ok, but | |
2386 | B<-MFoo:Bar=baz> is not. | |
2387 | ||
2c7d6b9c RGS |
2388 | =item Invalid mro name: '%s' |
2389 | ||
162a3e34 FC |
2390 | (F) You tried to C<mro::set_mro("classname", "foo")> or C<use mro 'foo'>, |
2391 | where C<foo> is not a valid method resolution order (MRO). Currently, | |
2392 | the only valid ones supported are C<dfs> and C<c3>, unless you have loaded | |
2393 | a module that is a MRO plugin. See L<mro> and L<perlmroapi>. | |
2c7d6b9c | 2394 | |
40e4140b FC |
2395 | =item Invalid negative number (%s) in chr |
2396 | ||
2397 | (W utf8) You passed a negative number to C<chr>. Negative numbers are | |
2398 | not valid characters numbers, so it return the Unicode replacement | |
2399 | character (U+FFFD). | |
2400 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
2401 | =item invalid option -D%c, use -D'' to see choices |
2402 | ||
2403 | (F) Perl was called with invalid debugger flags. Call perl with | |
2404 | the B<-D> option with no flags to see the list of acceptable values. | |
2405 | See also L<< perlrun/B<-D>I<letters> >>. | |
2406 | ||
7253e4e3 | 2407 | =item Invalid [] range "%s" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
2408 | |
2409 | (F) The range specified in a character class had a minimum character | |
7253e4e3 RK |
2410 | greater than the maximum character. One possibility is that you forgot the |
2411 | C<{}> from your ending C<\x{}> - C<\x> without the curly braces can go only | |
2412 | up to C<ff>. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
2413 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
6df41af2 | 2414 | |
d1573ac7 | 2415 | =item Invalid range "%s" in transliteration operator |
c2e66d9e GS |
2416 | |
2417 | (F) The range specified in the tr/// or y/// operator had a minimum | |
2418 | character greater than the maximum character. See L<perlop>. | |
2419 | ||
09bef843 SB |
2420 | =item Invalid separator character %s in attribute list |
2421 | ||
0120eecf | 2422 | (F) Something other than a colon or whitespace was seen between the |
be771a83 GS |
2423 | elements of an attribute list. If the previous attribute had a |
2424 | parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that list was terminated too soon. | |
2425 | See L<attributes>. | |
09bef843 | 2426 | |
b4581f09 JH |
2427 | =item Invalid separator character %s in PerlIO layer specification %s |
2428 | ||
2bfc5f71 FC |
2429 | (W layer) When pushing layers onto the Perl I/O system, something other |
2430 | than a colon or whitespace was seen between the elements of a layer list. | |
b4581f09 JH |
2431 | If the previous attribute had a parenthesised parameter list, perhaps that |
2432 | list was terminated too soon. | |
2433 | ||
2c86d456 DG |
2434 | =item Invalid strict version format (%s) |
2435 | ||
fa816bf3 | 2436 | (F) A version number did not meet the "strict" criteria for versions. |
2c86d456 DG |
2437 | A "strict" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or |
2438 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
2439 | v-string with a leading 'v' character and at least three components. | |
a6485a24 | 2440 | The parenthesized text indicates which criteria were not met. |
2c86d456 DG |
2441 | See the L<version> module for more details on allowed version formats. |
2442 | ||
49704364 | 2443 | =item Invalid type '%s' in %s |
96e4d5b1 | 2444 | |
49704364 WL |
2445 | (F) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type. |
2446 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6728c851 | 2447 | |
49704364 | 2448 | (W) The given character is not a valid pack or unpack type but used to be |
75b44862 | 2449 | silently ignored. |
96e4d5b1 | 2450 | |
2c86d456 DG |
2451 | =item Invalid version format (%s) |
2452 | ||
fa816bf3 | 2453 | (F) A version number did not meet the "lax" criteria for versions. |
2c86d456 DG |
2454 | A "lax" version number is a positive decimal number (integer or |
2455 | decimal-fraction) without exponentiation or else a dotted-decimal | |
fa816bf3 FC |
2456 | v-string. If the v-string has fewer than three components, it |
2457 | must have a leading 'v' character. Otherwise, the leading 'v' is | |
2458 | optional. Both decimal and dotted-decimal versions may have a | |
2459 | trailing "alpha" component separated by an underscore character | |
2460 | after a fractional or dotted-decimal component. The parenthesized | |
2461 | text indicates which criteria were not met. See the L<version> module | |
2462 | for more details on allowed version formats. | |
46314c13 | 2463 | |
798ae1b7 DG |
2464 | =item Invalid version object |
2465 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
2466 | (F) The internal structure of the version object was invalid. |
2467 | Perhaps the internals were modified directly in some way or | |
2468 | an arbitrary reference was blessed into the "version" class. | |
798ae1b7 | 2469 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2470 | =item ioctl is not implemented |
2471 | ||
2472 | (F) Your machine apparently doesn't implement ioctl(), which is pretty | |
2473 | strange for a machine that supports C. | |
2474 | ||
c289d2f7 JH |
2475 | =item ioctl() on unopened %s |
2476 | ||
2477 | (W unopened) You tried ioctl() on a filehandle that was never opened. | |
34b6fd5e | 2478 | Check your control flow and number of arguments. |
c289d2f7 | 2479 | |
fe13d51d | 2480 | =item IO layers (like '%s') unavailable |
363c40c4 SB |
2481 | |
2482 | (F) Your Perl has not been configured to have PerlIO, and therefore | |
34b6fd5e | 2483 | you cannot use IO layers. To have PerlIO, Perl must be configured |
363c40c4 SB |
2484 | with 'useperlio'. |
2485 | ||
80cbd5ad JH |
2486 | =item IO::Socket::atmark not implemented on this architecture |
2487 | ||
2488 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the sockatmark() functionality, | |
34b6fd5e | 2489 | neither as a system call nor an ioctl call (SIOCATMARK). |
80cbd5ad | 2490 | |
b4581f09 JH |
2491 | =item $* is no longer supported |
2492 | ||
a58ac25e | 2493 | (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$*>, deprecated in older |
6903afa2 | 2494 | perls, has been removed as of 5.9.0 and is no longer supported. In |
a58ac25e FC |
2495 | previous versions of perl the use of C<$*> enabled or disabled multi-line |
2496 | matching within a string. | |
4fd19576 B |
2497 | |
2498 | Instead of using C<$*> you should use the C</m> (and maybe C</s>) regexp | |
6903afa2 FC |
2499 | modifiers. You can enable C</m> for a lexical scope (even a whole file) |
2500 | with C<use re '/m'>. (In older versions: when C<$*> was set to a true value | |
570dedd4 | 2501 | then all regular expressions behaved as if they were written using C</m>.) |
b4581f09 | 2502 | |
8ae1fe26 RGS |
2503 | =item $# is no longer supported |
2504 | ||
a58ac25e | 2505 | (D deprecated, syntax) The special variable C<$#>, deprecated in older |
6903afa2 | 2506 | perls, has been removed as of 5.9.3 and is no longer supported. You |
a58ac25e | 2507 | should use the printf/sprintf functions instead. |
8ae1fe26 | 2508 | |
ccf3535a | 2509 | =item '%s' is not a code reference |
6ad11d81 | 2510 | |
6903afa2 FC |
2511 | (W overload) The second (fourth, sixth, ...) argument of |
2512 | overload::constant needs to be a code reference. Either | |
2513 | an anonymous subroutine, or a reference to a subroutine. | |
6ad11d81 | 2514 | |
ccf3535a | 2515 | =item '%s' is not an overloadable type |
6ad11d81 | 2516 | |
04a80ee0 RGS |
2517 | (W overload) You tried to overload a constant type the overload package is |
2518 | unaware of. | |
6ad11d81 | 2519 | |
aec0ef10 | 2520 | =item Junk on end of regexp in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e LW |
2521 | |
2522 | (P) The regular expression parser is confused. | |
2523 | ||
2524 | =item Label not found for "last %s" | |
2525 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2526 | (F) You named a loop to break out of, but you're not currently in a loop |
2527 | of that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2528 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2529 | |
2530 | =item Label not found for "next %s" | |
2531 | ||
2532 | (F) You named a loop to continue, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
2533 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2534 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
2535 | ||
2536 | =item Label not found for "redo %s" | |
2537 | ||
2538 | (F) You named a loop to restart, but you're not currently in a loop of | |
2539 | that name, not even if you count where you were called from. See | |
2540 | L<perlfunc/last>. | |
2541 | ||
85ab1d1d | 2542 | =item leaving effective %s failed |
5ff3f7a4 | 2543 | |
85ab1d1d | 2544 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, switching the real and |
5ff3f7a4 GS |
2545 | effective uids or gids failed. |
2546 | ||
49704364 WL |
2547 | =item length/code after end of string in unpack |
2548 | ||
d7f8936a | 2549 | (F) While unpacking, the string buffer was already used up when an unpack |
6903afa2 FC |
2550 | length/code combination tried to obtain more data. This results in |
2551 | an undefined value for the length. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
49704364 | 2552 | |
e508c8a4 MH |
2553 | =item length() used on %s |
2554 | ||
0d46a4e7 FC |
2555 | (W syntax) You used length() on either an array or a hash when you |
2556 | probably wanted a count of the items. | |
e508c8a4 MH |
2557 | |
2558 | Array size can be obtained by doing: | |
2559 | ||
2560 | scalar(@array); | |
2561 | ||
2562 | The number of items in a hash can be obtained by doing: | |
2563 | ||
2564 | scalar(keys %hash); | |
2565 | ||
f0e67a1d Z |
2566 | =item Lexing code attempted to stuff non-Latin-1 character into Latin-1 input |
2567 | ||
2568 | (F) An extension is attempting to insert text into the current parse | |
6903afa2 FC |
2569 | (using L<lex_stuff_pvn|perlapi/lex_stuff_pvn> or similar), but tried to insert a character that |
2570 | couldn't be part of the current input. This is an inherent pitfall | |
2571 | of the stuffing mechanism, and one of the reasons to avoid it. Where | |
2572 | it is necessary to stuff, stuffing only plain ASCII is recommended. | |
f0e67a1d Z |
2573 | |
2574 | =item Lexing code internal error (%s) | |
2575 | ||
2576 | (F) Lexing code supplied by an extension violated the lexer's API in a | |
2577 | detectable way. | |
2578 | ||
69282e91 | 2579 | =item listen() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 2580 | |
be771a83 GS |
2581 | (W closed) You tried to do a listen on a closed socket. Did you forget |
2582 | to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
2583 | L<perlfunc/listen>. | |
a0d0e21e | 2584 | |
6651ba0b FC |
2585 | =item List form of piped open not implemented |
2586 | ||
2587 | (F) On some platforms, notably Windows, the three-or-more-arguments | |
2588 | form of C<open> does not support pipes, such as C<open($pipe, '|-', @args)>. | |
2589 | Use the two-argument C<open($pipe, '|prog arg1 arg2...')> form instead. | |
2590 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2591 | =item localtime(%f) too large |
8b56d6ff | 2592 | |
e9200be3 | 2593 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was larger |
fc003d4b | 2594 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the |
6903afa2 | 2595 | wrong date. This warning is also triggered with NaN (the special |
fc003d4b MS |
2596 | not-a-number value). |
2597 | ||
bcd05b94 | 2598 | =item localtime(%f) too small |
fc003d4b | 2599 | |
e9200be3 | 2600 | (W overflow) You called C<localtime> with a number that was smaller |
fc003d4b | 2601 | than it can reliably handle and C<localtime> probably returned the |
e7a1a147 | 2602 | wrong date. |
8b56d6ff | 2603 | |
58e23c8d | 2604 | =item Lookbehind longer than %d not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
2605 | |
2606 | (F) There is currently a limit on the length of string which lookbehind can | |
6903afa2 | 2607 | handle. This restriction may be eased in a future release. |
2e50fd82 | 2608 | |
b88df990 NC |
2609 | =item Lost precision when %s %f by 1 |
2610 | ||
2611 | (W) The value you attempted to increment or decrement by one is too large | |
2612 | for the underlying floating point representation to store accurately, | |
6903afa2 | 2613 | hence the target of C<++> or C<--> is unchanged. Perl issues this warning |
b88df990 NC |
2614 | because it has already switched from integers to floating point when values |
2615 | are too large for integers, and now even floating point is insufficient. | |
2616 | You may wish to switch to using L<Math::BigInt> explicitly. | |
2617 | ||
93fad930 | 2618 | =item lstat() on filehandle%s |
2f7da168 RK |
2619 | |
2620 | (W io) You tried to do an lstat on a filehandle. What did you mean | |
2621 | by that? lstat() makes sense only on filenames. (Perl did a fstat() | |
2622 | instead on the filehandle.) | |
2623 | ||
345d70e3 | 2624 | =item lvalue attribute %s already-defined subroutine |
bb3abb05 | 2625 | |
345d70e3 FC |
2626 | (W misc) Although L<attributes.pm|attributes> allows this, turning the lvalue |
2627 | attribute on or off on a Perl subroutine that is already defined | |
2628 | does not always work properly. It may or may not do what you | |
2629 | want, depending on what code is inside the subroutine, with exact | |
2630 | details subject to change between Perl versions. Only do this | |
2631 | if you really know what you are doing. | |
bb3abb05 | 2632 | |
885ef6f5 GG |
2633 | =item lvalue attribute ignored after the subroutine has been defined |
2634 | ||
345d70e3 FC |
2635 | (W misc) Using the C<:lvalue> declarative syntax to make a Perl |
2636 | subroutine an lvalue subroutine after it has been defined is | |
2637 | not permitted. To make the subroutine an lvalue subroutine, | |
2638 | add the lvalue attribute to the definition, or put the C<sub | |
2639 | foo :lvalue;> declaration before the definition. | |
2640 | ||
2641 | See also L<attributes.pm|attributes>. | |
885ef6f5 | 2642 | |
2db62bbc | 2643 | =item Malformed integer in [] in pack |
49704364 | 2644 | |
2db62bbc | 2645 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
2646 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
2647 | ||
2648 | =item Malformed integer in [] in unpack | |
2649 | ||
2db62bbc | 2650 | (F) Between the brackets enclosing a numeric repeat count only digits |
49704364 WL |
2651 | are permitted. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
2652 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2653 | =item Malformed PERLLIB_PREFIX |
2654 | ||
2655 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERLLIB_PREFIX should be of the form | |
2656 | ||
2657 | prefix1;prefix2 | |
2658 | ||
2659 | or | |
6df41af2 GS |
2660 | prefix1 prefix2 |
2661 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2662 | with nonempty prefix1 and prefix2. If C<prefix1> is indeed a prefix of |
2663 | a builtin library search path, prefix2 is substituted. The error may | |
2664 | appear if components are not found, or are too long. See | |
fecfaeb8 | 2665 | "PERLLIB_PREFIX" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 2666 | |
2f758a16 ST |
2667 | =item Malformed prototype for %s: %s |
2668 | ||
d37a9538 ST |
2669 | (F) You tried to use a function with a malformed prototype. The |
2670 | syntax of function prototypes is given a brief compile-time check for | |
2671 | obvious errors like invalid characters. A more rigorous check is run | |
2672 | when the function is called. | |
2f758a16 | 2673 | |
ba210ebe JH |
2674 | =item Malformed UTF-8 character (%s) |
2675 | ||
4d6f11e5 | 2676 | (S utf8)(F) Perl detected a string that didn't comply with UTF-8 |
2575c402 | 2677 | encoding rules, even though it had the UTF8 flag on. |
ba210ebe | 2678 | |
2575c402 JW |
2679 | One possible cause is that you set the UTF8 flag yourself for data that |
2680 | you thought to be in UTF-8 but it wasn't (it was for example legacy | |
6903afa2 | 2681 | 8-bit data). To guard against this, you can use Encode::decode_utf8. |
2575c402 JW |
2682 | |
2683 | If you use the C<:encoding(UTF-8)> PerlIO layer for input, invalid byte | |
2684 | sequences are handled gracefully, but if you use C<:utf8>, the flag is | |
2685 | set without validating the data, possibly resulting in this error | |
2686 | message. | |
2687 | ||
2688 | See also L<Encode/"Handling Malformed Data">. | |
901b21bf | 2689 | |
ff3f963a KW |
2690 | =item Malformed UTF-8 returned by \N |
2691 | ||
2692 | (F) The charnames handler returned malformed UTF-8. | |
2693 | ||
4a5d3a93 FC |
2694 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack |
2695 | ||
2696 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
2697 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
2698 | ||
f337b084 TH |
2699 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in pack |
2700 | ||
2701 | (F) You tried to pack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
2702 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
2703 | ||
2704 | =item Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack | |
2705 | ||
2706 | (F) You tried to unpack something that didn't comply with UTF-8 encoding | |
2707 | rules and perl was unable to guess how to make more progress. | |
2708 | ||
4a5d3a93 | 2709 | =item Malformed UTF-16 surrogate |
f337b084 | 2710 | |
4a5d3a93 FC |
2711 | (F) Perl thought it was reading UTF-16 encoded character data but while |
2712 | doing it Perl met a malformed Unicode surrogate. | |
2713 | ||
2714 | =item %s matches null string many times in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
2715 | ||
2716 | (W regexp) The pattern you've specified would be an infinite loop if the | |
2717 | regular expression engine didn't specifically check for that. The <-- HERE | |
2718 | shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. | |
2719 | See L<perlre>. | |
f337b084 | 2720 | |
de42a5a9 | 2721 | =item Maximal count of pending signals (%u) exceeded |
2563cec5 | 2722 | |
6903afa2 | 2723 | (F) Perl aborted due to too high a number of signals pending. This |
2563cec5 IZ |
2724 | usually indicates that your operating system tried to deliver signals |
2725 | too fast (with a very high priority), starving the perl process from | |
2726 | resources it would need to reach a point where it can process signals | |
6903afa2 | 2727 | safely. (See L<perlipc/"Deferred Signals (Safe Signals)">.) |
2563cec5 | 2728 | |
25f58aea PN |
2729 | =item "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
2730 | ||
2731 | (W) This warning may be due to running a perl5 script through a perl4 | |
2732 | interpreter, especially if the word that is being warned about is | |
2733 | "use" or "my". | |
2734 | ||
0d2487cd | 2735 | =item '%' may not be used in pack |
6df41af2 GS |
2736 | |
2737 | (F) You can't pack a string by supplying a checksum, because the | |
be771a83 GS |
2738 | checksumming process loses information, and you can't go the other way. |
2739 | See L<perlfunc/unpack>. | |
6df41af2 | 2740 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2741 | =item Method for operation %s not found in package %s during blessing |
2742 | ||
2743 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
e7ea3e70 | 2744 | doesn't resolve to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 2745 | |
3cdd684c TP |
2746 | =item Method %s not permitted |
2747 | ||
2748 | See Server error. | |
2749 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2750 | =item Might be a runaway multi-line %s string starting on line %d |
2751 | ||
2752 | (S) An advisory indicating that the previous error may have been caused | |
2753 | by a missing delimiter on a string or pattern, because it eventually | |
2754 | ended earlier on the current line. | |
2755 | ||
2756 | =item Misplaced _ in number | |
2757 | ||
d4ced10d JH |
2758 | (W syntax) An underscore (underbar) in a numeric constant did not |
2759 | separate two digits. | |
a0d0e21e | 2760 | |
7baa4690 HS |
2761 | =item Missing argument in %s |
2762 | ||
2763 | (W uninitialized) A printf-type format required more arguments than were | |
2764 | supplied. | |
2765 | ||
9e81e6a1 RGS |
2766 | =item Missing argument to -%c |
2767 | ||
2768 | (F) The argument to the indicated command line switch must follow | |
2769 | immediately after the switch, without intervening spaces. | |
2770 | ||
ff3f963a | 2771 | =item Missing braces on \N{} |
423cee85 | 2772 | |
aec0ef10 FC |
2773 | =item Missing braces on \N{} in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
2774 | ||
4a2d328f | 2775 | (F) Wrong syntax of character name literal C<\N{charname}> within |
532cb70d FC |
2776 | double-quotish context. This can also happen when there is a space |
2777 | (or comment) between the C<\N> and the C<{> in a regex with the C</x> modifier. | |
2778 | This modifier does not change the requirement that the brace immediately | |
2779 | follow the C<\N>. | |
423cee85 | 2780 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
2781 | =item Missing braces on \o{} |
2782 | ||
2783 | (F) A C<\o> must be followed immediately by a C<{> in double-quotish context. | |
2784 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2785 | =item Missing comma after first argument to %s function |
2786 | ||
2787 | (F) While certain functions allow you to specify a filehandle or an | |
2788 | "indirect object" before the argument list, this ain't one of them. | |
2789 | ||
06eaf0bc GS |
2790 | =item Missing command in piped open |
2791 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2792 | (W pipe) You used the C<open(FH, "| command")> or |
2793 | C<open(FH, "command |")> construction, but the command was missing or | |
2794 | blank. | |
06eaf0bc | 2795 | |
961ce445 RGS |
2796 | =item Missing control char name in \c |
2797 | ||
2798 | (F) A double-quoted string ended with "\c", without the required control | |
2799 | character name. | |
2800 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
2801 | =item Missing name in "my sub" |
2802 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2803 | (F) The reserved syntax for lexically scoped subroutines requires that |
2804 | they have a name with which they can be found. | |
6df41af2 GS |
2805 | |
2806 | =item Missing $ on loop variable | |
2807 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2808 | (F) Apparently you've been programming in B<csh> too much. Variables |
2809 | are always mentioned with the $ in Perl, unlike in the shells, where it | |
2810 | can vary from one line to the next. | |
6df41af2 | 2811 | |
cc507455 | 2812 | =item (Missing operator before %s?) |
748a9306 | 2813 | |
56da5a46 RGS |
2814 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
2815 | "%s found where operator expected". Often the missing operator is a comma. | |
748a9306 | 2816 | |
aec0ef10 | 2817 | =item Missing right brace on \%c{} in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
ab13f0c7 | 2818 | |
ff3f963a KW |
2819 | (F) Missing right brace in C<\x{...}>, C<\p{...}>, C<\P{...}>, or C<\N{...}>. |
2820 | ||
4a68bf9d | 2821 | =item Missing right brace on \N{} or unescaped left brace after \N |
ff3f963a | 2822 | |
d32207c9 FC |
2823 | (F) C<\N> has two meanings. |
2824 | ||
2825 | The traditional one has it followed by a name enclosed in braces, | |
2826 | meaning the character (or sequence of characters) given by that | |
fa816bf3 | 2827 | name. Thus C<\N{ASTERISK}> is another way of writing C<*>, valid in both |
d32207c9 FC |
2828 | double-quoted strings and regular expression patterns. In patterns, |
2829 | it doesn't have the meaning an unescaped C<*> does. | |
2830 | ||
2831 | Starting in Perl 5.12.0, C<\N> also can have an additional meaning (only) | |
2832 | in patterns, namely to match a non-newline character. (This is short | |
2833 | for C<[^\n]>, and like C<.> but is not affected by the C</s> regex modifier.) | |
2834 | ||
2835 | This can lead to some ambiguities. When C<\N> is not followed immediately | |
2836 | by a left brace, Perl assumes the C<[^\n]> meaning. Also, if the braces | |
2837 | form a valid quantifier such as C<\N{3}> or C<\N{5,}>, Perl assumes that this | |
2838 | means to match the given quantity of non-newlines (in these examples, | |
2839 | 3; and 5 or more, respectively). In all other case, where there is a | |
2840 | C<\N{> and a matching C<}>, Perl assumes that a character name is desired. | |
2841 | ||
2842 | However, if there is no matching C<}>, Perl doesn't know if it was | |
2843 | mistakenly omitted, or if C<[^\n]{> was desired, and raises this error. | |
2844 | If you meant the former, add the right brace; if you meant the latter, | |
2845 | escape the brace with a backslash, like so: C<\N\{> | |
ab13f0c7 | 2846 | |
d98d5fff | 2847 | =item Missing right curly or square bracket |
a0d0e21e | 2848 | |
be771a83 GS |
2849 | (F) The lexer counted more opening curly or square brackets than closing |
2850 | ones. As a general rule, you'll find it's missing near the place you | |
2851 | were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 2852 | |
6df41af2 GS |
2853 | =item (Missing semicolon on previous line?) |
2854 | ||
56da5a46 RGS |
2855 | (S syntax) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message |
2856 | "%s found where operator expected". Don't automatically put a semicolon on | |
6df41af2 GS |
2857 | the previous line just because you saw this message. |
2858 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2859 | =item Modification of a read-only value attempted |
2860 | ||
2861 | (F) You tried, directly or indirectly, to change the value of a | |
5f05dabc | 2862 | constant. You didn't, of course, try "2 = 1", because the compiler |
a0d0e21e LW |
2863 | catches that. But an easy way to do the same thing is: |
2864 | ||
2865 | sub mod { $_[0] = 1 } | |
2866 | mod(2); | |
2867 | ||
2868 | Another way is to assign to a substr() that's off the end of the string. | |
2869 | ||
c5674021 |
2870 | Yet another way is to assign to a C<foreach> loop I<VAR> when I<VAR> |
2871 | is aliased to a constant in the look I<LIST>: | |
2872 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
2873 | $x = 1; |
2874 | foreach my $n ($x, 2) { | |
2875 | $n *= 2; # modifies the $x, but fails on attempt to | |
2876 | } # modify the 2 | |
c5674021 | 2877 | |
7a4340ed | 2878 | =item Modification of non-creatable array value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
2879 | |
2880 | (F) You tried to make an array value spring into existence, and the | |
2881 | subscript was probably negative, even counting from end of the array | |
2882 | backwards. | |
2883 | ||
7a4340ed | 2884 | =item Modification of non-creatable hash value attempted, %s |
a0d0e21e | 2885 | |
be771a83 GS |
2886 | (P) You tried to make a hash value spring into existence, and it |
2887 | couldn't be created for some peculiar reason. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
2888 | |
2889 | =item Module name must be constant | |
2890 | ||
2891 | (F) Only a bare module name is allowed as the first argument to a "use". | |
2892 | ||
be98fb35 | 2893 | =item Module name required with -%c option |
6df41af2 | 2894 | |
be98fb35 GS |
2895 | (F) The C<-M> or C<-m> options say that Perl should load some module, but |
2896 | you omitted the name of the module. Consult L<perlrun> for full details | |
2897 | about C<-M> and C<-m>. | |
6df41af2 | 2898 | |
fe13d51d | 2899 | =item More than one argument to '%s' open |
ed9aa3b7 | 2900 | |
6903afa2 | 2901 | (F) The C<open> function has been asked to open multiple files. This |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
2902 | can happen if you are trying to open a pipe to a command that takes a |
2903 | list of arguments, but have forgotten to specify a piped open mode. | |
2904 | See L<perlfunc/open> for details. | |
2905 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2906 | =item msg%s not implemented |
2907 | ||
2908 | (F) You don't have System V message IPC on your system. | |
2909 | ||
2910 | =item Multidimensional syntax %s not supported | |
2911 | ||
75b44862 GS |
2912 | (W syntax) Multidimensional arrays aren't written like C<$foo[1,2,3]>. |
2913 | They're written like C<$foo[1][2][3]>, as in C. | |
8b1a09fc | 2914 | |
49704364 | 2915 | =item '/' must follow a numeric type in unpack |
6df41af2 | 2916 | |
49704364 WL |
2917 | (F) You had an unpack template that contained a '/', but this did not |
2918 | follow some unpack specification producing a numeric value. | |
2919 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
2920 | |
2921 | =item "my sub" not yet implemented | |
2922 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2923 | (F) Lexically scoped subroutines are not yet implemented. Don't try |
2924 | that yet. | |
6df41af2 | 2925 | |
fd1b7234 | 2926 | =item "my" variable %s can't be in a package |
6df41af2 | 2927 | |
be771a83 GS |
2928 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make |
2929 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
2930 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
09bef843 | 2931 | |
8149aa9f FC |
2932 | =item Name "%s::%s" used only once: possible typo |
2933 | ||
2934 | (W once) Typographical errors often show up as unique variable names. | |
2935 | If you had a good reason for having a unique name, then just mention it | |
2936 | again somehow to suppress the message. The C<our> declaration is | |
2937 | provided for this purpose. | |
2938 | ||
2939 | NOTE: This warning detects symbols that have been used only once so $c, @c, | |
2940 | %c, *c, &c, sub c{}, c(), and c (the filehandle or format) are considered | |
2941 | the same; if a program uses $c only once but also uses any of the others it | |
2942 | will not trigger this warning. | |
2943 | ||
aec0ef10 | 2944 | =item \N in a character class must be a named character: \N{...} in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
ff3f963a | 2945 | |
c3c41406 | 2946 | (F) The new (5.12) meaning of C<\N> as C<[^\n]> is not valid in a bracketed |
f4e361c7 FC |
2947 | character class, for the same reason that C<.> in a character class loses |
2948 | its specialness: it matches almost everything, which is probably not | |
2949 | what you want. | |
c3c41406 | 2950 | |
aec0ef10 | 2951 | =item \N{NAME} must be resolved by the lexer in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
c3c41406 | 2952 | |
f4e361c7 FC |
2953 | (F) When compiling a regex pattern, an unresolved named character or |
2954 | sequence was encountered. This can happen in any of several ways that | |
2955 | bypass the lexer, such as using single-quotish context, or an extra | |
7fae04b9 | 2956 | backslash in double-quotish: |
c3c41406 KW |
2957 | |
2958 | $re = '\N{SPACE}'; # Wrong! | |
b09c05e6 | 2959 | $re = "\\N{SPACE}"; # Wrong! |
c3c41406 KW |
2960 | /$re/; |
2961 | ||
b09c05e6 | 2962 | Instead, use double-quotes with a single backslash: |
c3c41406 KW |
2963 | |
2964 | $re = "\N{SPACE}"; # ok | |
2965 | /$re/; | |
2966 | ||
2967 | The lexer can be bypassed as well by creating the pattern from smaller | |
2968 | components: | |
2969 | ||
2970 | $re = '\N'; | |
2971 | /${re}{SPACE}/; # Wrong! | |
2972 | ||
2973 | It's not a good idea to split a construct in the middle like this, and it | |
2974 | doesn't work here. Instead use the solution above. | |
2975 | ||
2976 | Finally, the message also can happen under the C</x> regex modifier when the | |
2977 | C<\N> is separated by spaces from the C<{>, in which case, remove the spaces. | |
2978 | ||
2979 | /\N {SPACE}/x; # Wrong! | |
2980 | /\N{SPACE}/x; # ok | |
ff3f963a | 2981 | |
49704364 WL |
2982 | =item Negative '/' count in unpack |
2983 | ||
2984 | (F) The length count obtained from a length/code unpack operation was | |
2985 | negative. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
2986 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
2987 | =item Negative length |
2988 | ||
be771a83 GS |
2989 | (F) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv operation with a buffer |
2990 | length that is less than 0. This is difficult to imagine. | |
a0d0e21e | 2991 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
2992 | =item Negative offset to vec in lvalue context |
2993 | ||
2994 | (F) When C<vec> is called in an lvalue context, the second argument must be | |
2995 | greater than or equal to zero. | |
2996 | ||
7253e4e3 | 2997 | =item Nested quantifiers in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 2998 | |
6903afa2 FC |
2999 | (F) You can't quantify a quantifier without intervening parentheses. |
3000 | So things like ** or +* or ?* are illegal. The <-- HERE shows in the | |
3001 | regular expression about where the problem was discovered. | |
a0d0e21e | 3002 | |
7253e4e3 | 3003 | Note that the minimal matching quantifiers, C<*?>, C<+?>, and |
be771a83 | 3004 | C<??> appear to be nested quantifiers, but aren't. See L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 3005 | |
6df41af2 | 3006 | =item %s never introduced |
a0d0e21e | 3007 | |
be771a83 GS |
3008 | (S internal) The symbol in question was declared but somehow went out of |
3009 | scope before it could possibly have been used. | |
a0d0e21e | 3010 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
3011 | =item next::method/next::can/maybe::next::method cannot find enclosing method |
3012 | ||
3013 | (F) C<next::method> needs to be called within the context of a | |
3014 | real method in a real package, and it could not find such a context. | |
3015 | See L<mro>. | |
3016 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3017 | =item No %s allowed while running setuid |
3018 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3019 | (F) Certain operations are deemed to be too insecure for a setuid or |
3020 | setgid script to even be allowed to attempt. Generally speaking there | |
3021 | will be another way to do what you want that is, if not secure, at least | |
3022 | securable. See L<perlsec>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3023 | |
6651ba0b FC |
3024 | =item No code specified for -%c |
3025 | ||
3026 | (F) Perl's B<-e> and B<-E> command-line options require an argument. If | |
3027 | you want to run an empty program, pass the empty string as a separate | |
3028 | argument or run a program consisting of a single 0 or 1: | |
3029 | ||
3030 | perl -e "" | |
3031 | perl -e0 | |
3032 | perl -e1 | |
3033 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3034 | =item No comma allowed after %s |
3035 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
3036 | (F) A list operator that has a filehandle or "indirect object" is |
3037 | not allowed to have a comma between that and the following arguments. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3038 | Otherwise it'd be just another one of the arguments. |
3039 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
3040 | One possible cause for this is that you expected to have imported |
3041 | a constant to your name space with B<use> or B<import> while no such | |
3042 | importing took place, it may for example be that your operating | |
3043 | system does not support that particular constant. Hopefully you did | |
3044 | use an explicit import list for the constants you expect to see; | |
3045 | please see L<perlfunc/use> and L<perlfunc/import>. While an | |
3046 | explicit import list would probably have caught this error earlier | |
3047 | it naturally does not remedy the fact that your operating system | |
3048 | still does not support that constant. Maybe you have a typo in | |
3049 | the constants of the symbol import list of B<use> or B<import> or in the | |
3050 | constant name at the line where this error was triggered? | |
0a753a76 | 3051 | |
748a9306 LW |
3052 | =item No command into which to pipe on command line |
3053 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3054 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3055 | redirection, and found a '|' at the end of the command line, so it | |
3056 | doesn't know where you want to pipe the output from this command. | |
748a9306 | 3057 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3058 | =item No DB::DB routine defined |
3059 | ||
be771a83 | 3060 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
f7af5ce1 | 3061 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> |
ccafdc96 RGS |
3062 | module) didn't define a routine to be called at the beginning of each |
3063 | statement. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3064 | |
3065 | =item No dbm on this machine | |
3066 | ||
3067 | (P) This is counted as an internal error, because every machine should | |
5f05dabc | 3068 | supply dbm nowadays, because Perl comes with SDBM. See L<SDBM_File>. |
a0d0e21e | 3069 | |
ccafdc96 | 3070 | =item No DB::sub routine defined |
a0d0e21e | 3071 | |
ccafdc96 RGS |
3072 | (F) The currently executing code was compiled with the B<-d> switch, but |
3073 | for some reason the current debugger (e.g. F<perl5db.pl> or a C<Devel::> | |
3074 | module) didn't define a C<DB::sub> routine to be called at the beginning | |
3075 | of each ordinary subroutine call. | |
a0d0e21e | 3076 | |
6651ba0b FC |
3077 | =item No directory specified for -I |
3078 | ||
3079 | (F) The B<-I> command-line switch requires a directory name as part of the | |
3080 | I<same> argument. Use B<-Ilib>, for instance. B<-I lib> won't work. | |
3081 | ||
c47ff5f1 | 3082 | =item No error file after 2> or 2>> on command line |
748a9306 | 3083 | |
be771a83 GS |
3084 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3085 | redirection, and found a '2>' or a '2>>' on the command line, but can't | |
3086 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stderr. | |
748a9306 | 3087 | |
49704364 WL |
3088 | =item No group ending character '%c' found in template |
3089 | ||
3090 | (F) A pack or unpack template has an opening '(' or '[' without its | |
6903afa2 | 3091 | matching counterpart. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
49704364 | 3092 | |
c47ff5f1 | 3093 | =item No input file after < on command line |
748a9306 | 3094 | |
be771a83 GS |
3095 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3096 | redirection, and found a '<' on the command line, but can't find the | |
3097 | name of the file from which to read data for stdin. | |
748a9306 | 3098 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
3099 | =item No next::method '%s' found for %s |
3100 | ||
3101 | (F) C<next::method> found no further instances of this method name | |
3102 | in the remaining packages of the MRO of this class. If you don't want | |
3103 | it throwing an exception, use C<maybe::next::method> | |
fa816bf3 | 3104 | or C<next::can>. See L<mro>. |
2c7d6b9c | 3105 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3106 | =item "no" not allowed in expression |
3107 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3108 | (F) The "no" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
3109 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
6df41af2 | 3110 | |
c47ff5f1 | 3111 | =item No output file after > on command line |
748a9306 | 3112 | |
be771a83 GS |
3113 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3114 | redirection, and found a lone '>' at the end of the command line, so it | |
3115 | doesn't know where you wanted to redirect stdout. | |
748a9306 | 3116 | |
c47ff5f1 | 3117 | =item No output file after > or >> on command line |
748a9306 | 3118 | |
be771a83 GS |
3119 | (F) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl handles its own command line |
3120 | redirection, and found a '>' or a '>>' on the command line, but can't | |
3121 | find the name of the file to which to write data destined for stdout. | |
748a9306 | 3122 | |
1ec3e8de GS |
3123 | =item No package name allowed for variable %s in "our" |
3124 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3125 | (F) Fully qualified variable names are not allowed in "our" |
3126 | declarations, because that doesn't make much sense under existing | |
3127 | semantics. Such syntax is reserved for future extensions. | |
1ec3e8de | 3128 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3129 | =item No Perl script found in input |
3130 | ||
3131 | (F) You called C<perl -x>, but no line was found in the file beginning | |
3132 | with #! and containing the word "perl". | |
3133 | ||
3134 | =item No setregid available | |
3135 | ||
3136 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setregid() call for | |
3137 | your system. | |
3138 | ||
3139 | =item No setreuid available | |
3140 | ||
3141 | (F) Configure didn't find anything resembling the setreuid() call for | |
3142 | your system. | |
3143 | ||
e75d1f10 RD |
3144 | =item No such class field "%s" in variable %s of type %s |
3145 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
3146 | (F) You tried to access a key from a hash through the indicated typed |
3147 | variable but that key is not allowed by the package of the same type. | |
3148 | The indicated package has restricted the set of allowed keys using the | |
3149 | L<fields> pragma. | |
e75d1f10 | 3150 | |
2c692339 RGS |
3151 | =item No such class %s |
3152 | ||
dc7e5945 FC |
3153 | (F) You provided a class qualifier in a "my", "our" or "state" |
3154 | declaration, but this class doesn't exist at this point in your program. | |
2c692339 | 3155 | |
3c20a832 SP |
3156 | =item No such hook: %s |
3157 | ||
dc7e5945 FC |
3158 | (F) You specified a signal hook that was not recognized by Perl. |
3159 | Currently, Perl accepts C<__DIE__> and C<__WARN__> as valid signal hooks. | |
3c20a832 | 3160 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3161 | =item No such pipe open |
3162 | ||
3163 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. The internal routine my_pclose() tried to | |
be771a83 GS |
3164 | close a pipe which hadn't been opened. This should have been caught |
3165 | earlier as an attempt to close an unopened filehandle. | |
6df41af2 | 3166 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3167 | =item No such signal: SIG%s |
3168 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3169 | (W signal) You specified a signal name as a subscript to %SIG that was |
3170 | not recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal | |
3171 | names on your system. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3172 | |
3173 | =item Not a CODE reference | |
3174 | ||
3175 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
3176 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
3177 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
3178 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3179 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3180 | =item Not a GLOB reference |
3181 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3182 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a "typeglob" (that is, a |
3183 | symbol table entry that looks like C<*foo>), but found a reference to | |
3184 | something else instead. You can use the ref() function to find out what | |
3185 | kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3186 | |
3187 | =item Not a HASH reference | |
3188 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3189 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a hash value, but found a |
3190 | reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function to | |
3191 | find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3192 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3193 | =item Not an ARRAY reference |
3194 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3195 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to an array value, but found |
3196 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
3197 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
6df41af2 | 3198 | |
d4fc4415 FC |
3199 | =item Not an unblessed ARRAY reference |
3200 | ||
3201 | (F) You passed a reference to a blessed array to C<push>, C<shift> or | |
3202 | another array function. These only accept unblessed array references | |
3203 | or arrays beginning explicitly with C<@>. | |
3204 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3205 | =item Not a SCALAR reference |
3206 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3207 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a scalar value, but found |
3208 | a reference to something else instead. You can use the ref() function | |
3209 | to find out what kind of ref it really was. See L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3210 | |
3211 | =item Not a subroutine reference | |
3212 | ||
3213 | (F) Perl was trying to evaluate a reference to a code value (that is, a | |
3214 | subroutine), but found a reference to something else instead. You can | |
be771a83 GS |
3215 | use the ref() function to find out what kind of ref it really was. See |
3216 | also L<perlref>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3217 | |
e7ea3e70 | 3218 | =item Not a subroutine reference in overload table |
a0d0e21e LW |
3219 | |
3220 | (F) An attempt was made to specify an entry in an overloading table that | |
8b1a09fc | 3221 | doesn't somehow point to a valid subroutine. See L<overload>. |
a0d0e21e | 3222 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3223 | =item Not enough arguments for %s |
3224 | ||
3225 | (F) The function requires more arguments than you specified. | |
3226 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3227 | =item Not enough format arguments |
3228 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3229 | (W syntax) A format specified more picture fields than the next line |
3230 | supplied. See L<perlform>. | |
6df41af2 GS |
3231 | |
3232 | =item %s: not found | |
3233 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3234 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
3235 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
3236 | yourself. | |
6df41af2 GS |
3237 | |
3238 | =item no UTC offset information; assuming local time is UTC | |
a0d0e21e | 3239 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3240 | (S) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl was unable to find the local |
3241 | timezone offset, so it's assuming that local system time is equivalent | |
be771a83 GS |
3242 | to UTC. If it's not, define the logical name |
3243 | F<SYS$TIMEZONE_DIFFERENTIAL> to translate to the number of seconds which | |
3244 | need to be added to UTC to get local time. | |
a0d0e21e | 3245 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3246 | =item Non-octal character '%c'. Resolved as "%s" |
3247 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
3248 | (W digit) In parsing an octal numeric constant, a character was |
3249 | unexpectedly encountered that isn't octal. The resulting value | |
3250 | is as indicated. | |
f0a2b745 | 3251 | |
4ef2275c GA |
3252 | =item Non-string passed as bitmask |
3253 | ||
3254 | (W misc) A number has been passed as a bitmask argument to select(). | |
3255 | Use the vec() function to construct the file descriptor bitmasks for | |
6903afa2 | 3256 | select. See L<perlfunc/select>. |
4ef2275c | 3257 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3258 | =item Null filename used |
3259 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3260 | (F) You can't require the null filename, especially because on many |
3261 | machines that means the current directory! See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3262 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3263 | =item NULL OP IN RUN |
3264 | ||
f84fe999 | 3265 | (S debugging) Some internal routine called run() with a null opcode |
be771a83 | 3266 | pointer. |
6df41af2 | 3267 | |
55497cff | 3268 | =item Null picture in formline |
3269 | ||
3270 | (F) The first argument to formline must be a valid format picture | |
3271 | specification. It was found to be empty, which probably means you | |
3272 | supplied it an uninitialized value. See L<perlform>. | |
3273 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3274 | =item Null realloc |
3275 | ||
3276 | (P) An attempt was made to realloc NULL. | |
3277 | ||
3278 | =item NULL regexp argument | |
3279 | ||
5f05dabc | 3280 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines blew it big time. |
a0d0e21e LW |
3281 | |
3282 | =item NULL regexp parameter | |
3283 | ||
3284 | (P) The internal pattern matching routines are out of their gourd. | |
3285 | ||
fc36a67e | 3286 | =item Number too long |
3287 | ||
be771a83 | 3288 | (F) Perl limits the representation of decimal numbers in programs to |
da75cd15 | 3289 | about 250 characters. You've exceeded that length. Future |
be771a83 GS |
3290 | versions of Perl are likely to eliminate this arbitrary limitation. In |
3291 | the meantime, try using scientific notation (e.g. "1e6" instead of | |
3292 | "1_000_000"). | |
fc36a67e | 3293 | |
f0a2b745 KW |
3294 | =item Number with no digits |
3295 | ||
1043934d | 3296 | (F) Perl was looking for a number but found nothing that looked like |
6903afa2 | 3297 | a number. This happens, for example with C<\o{}>, with no number between |
1043934d | 3298 | the braces. |
f0a2b745 | 3299 | |
252aa082 JH |
3300 | =item Octal number > 037777777777 non-portable |
3301 | ||
75b44862 | 3302 | (W portable) The octal number you specified is larger than 2**32-1 |
be771a83 GS |
3303 | (4294967295) and therefore non-portable between systems. See |
3304 | L<perlport> for more on portability concerns. | |
252aa082 | 3305 | |
6ad11d81 JH |
3306 | =item Odd number of arguments for overload::constant |
3307 | ||
04a80ee0 | 3308 | (W overload) The call to overload::constant contained an odd number of |
6903afa2 | 3309 | arguments. The arguments should come in pairs. |
6ad11d81 | 3310 | |
b21befc1 MG |
3311 | =item Odd number of elements in anonymous hash |
3312 | ||
3313 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, | |
3314 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
3315 | ||
1930e939 | 3316 | =item Odd number of elements in hash assignment |
a0d0e21e | 3317 | |
be771a83 GS |
3318 | (W misc) You specified an odd number of elements to initialize a hash, |
3319 | which is odd, because hashes come in key/value pairs. | |
a0d0e21e | 3320 | |
bbce6d69 | 3321 | =item Offset outside string |
3322 | ||
1fa582fa | 3323 | (F)(W layer) You tried to do a read/write/send/recv/seek operation |
42bc49da | 3324 | with an offset pointing outside the buffer. This is difficult to |
f5a7294f JH |
3325 | imagine. The sole exceptions to this are that zero padding will |
3326 | take place when going past the end of the string when either | |
3327 | C<sysread()>ing a file, or when seeking past the end of a scalar opened | |
1a7a2554 MB |
3328 | for I/O (in anticipation of future reads and to imitate the behaviour |
3329 | with real files). | |
bbce6d69 | 3330 | |
c289d2f7 | 3331 | =item %s() on unopened %s |
2dd78f96 JH |
3332 | |
3333 | (W unopened) An I/O operation was attempted on a filehandle that was | |
3334 | never initialized. You need to do an open(), a sysopen(), or a socket() | |
3335 | call, or call a constructor from the FileHandle package. | |
3336 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3337 | =item -%s on unopened filehandle %s |
3338 | ||
3339 | (W unopened) You tried to invoke a file test operator on a filehandle | |
3340 | that isn't open. Check your control flow. See also L<perlfunc/-X>. | |
3341 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3342 | =item oops: oopsAV |
3343 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3344 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e LW |
3345 | |
3346 | =item oops: oopsHV | |
3347 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3348 | (S internal) An internal warning that the grammar is screwed up. |
a0d0e21e | 3349 | |
abc718f2 RGS |
3350 | =item Opening dirhandle %s also as a file |
3351 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3352 | (W io, deprecated) You used open() to associate a filehandle to |
abc718f2 RGS |
3353 | a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a dirhandle. |
3354 | Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing | |
3355 | and is deprecated. | |
3356 | ||
3357 | =item Opening filehandle %s also as a directory | |
3358 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 3359 | (W io, deprecated) You used opendir() to associate a dirhandle to |
abc718f2 RGS |
3360 | a symbol (glob or scalar) that already holds a filehandle. |
3361 | Although legal, this idiom might render your code confusing | |
3362 | and is deprecated. | |
3363 | ||
a0288114 | 3364 | =item Operation "%s": no method found, %s |
44a8e56a | 3365 | |
be771a83 GS |
3366 | (F) An attempt was made to perform an overloaded operation for which no |
3367 | handler was defined. While some handlers can be autogenerated in terms | |
3368 | of other handlers, there is no default handler for any operation, unless | |
e4aad80d | 3369 | the C<fallback> overloading key is specified to be true. See L<overload>. |
44a8e56a | 3370 | |
5ff1373f | 3371 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for non-Unicode code point 0x%X |
9ae3ac1a | 3372 | |
8457b38f | 3373 | (W utf8, non_unicode) You performed an operation requiring Unicode |
73c4e9dc FC |
3374 | semantics on a code point that is not in Unicode, so what it should do |
3375 | is not defined. Perl has chosen to have it do nothing, and warn you. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
3376 | |
3377 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
3378 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
3379 | ||
3380 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 3381 | C<no warnings 'non_unicode';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 3382 | |
5ff1373f | 3383 | =item Operation "%s" returns its argument for UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
9ae3ac1a | 3384 | |
8457b38f | 3385 | (W utf8, surrogate) You performed an operation requiring Unicode |
73c4e9dc FC |
3386 | semantics on a Unicode surrogate. Unicode frowns upon the use of |
3387 | surrogates for anything but storing strings in UTF-16, but semantics | |
3388 | are (reluctantly) defined for the surrogates, and they are to do | |
3389 | nothing for this operation. Because the use of surrogates can be | |
3390 | dangerous, Perl warns. | |
9ae3ac1a KW |
3391 | |
3392 | If the operation shown is "ToFold", it means that case-insensitive | |
3393 | matching in a regular expression was done on the code point. | |
3394 | ||
3395 | If you know what you are doing you can turn off this warning by | |
8457b38f | 3396 | C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9ae3ac1a | 3397 | |
748a9306 LW |
3398 | =item Operator or semicolon missing before %s |
3399 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3400 | (S ambiguous) You used a variable or subroutine call where the parser |
3401 | was expecting an operator. The parser has assumed you really meant to | |
3402 | use an operator, but this is highly likely to be incorrect. For | |
3403 | example, if you say "*foo *foo" it will be interpreted as if you said | |
3404 | "*foo * 'foo'". | |
748a9306 | 3405 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3406 | =item "our" variable %s redeclared |
3407 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3408 | (W misc) You seem to have already declared the same global once before |
3409 | in the current lexical scope. | |
6df41af2 | 3410 | |
a80b8354 GS |
3411 | =item Out of memory! |
3412 | ||
3413 | (X) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient | |
be771a83 GS |
3414 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. Perl has |
3415 | no option but to exit immediately. | |
a80b8354 | 3416 | |
19a52907 JH |
3417 | At least in Unix you may be able to get past this by increasing your |
3418 | process datasize limits: in csh/tcsh use C<limit> and | |
3419 | C<limit datasize n> (where C<n> is the number of kilobytes) to check | |
3420 | the current limits and change them, and in ksh/bash/zsh use C<ulimit -a> | |
3421 | and C<ulimit -d n>, respectively. | |
3422 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
3423 | =item Out of memory during %s extend |
3424 | ||
3425 | (X) An attempt was made to extend an array, a list, or a string beyond | |
3426 | the largest possible memory allocation. | |
3427 | ||
6df41af2 | 3428 | =item Out of memory during "large" request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 3429 | |
6df41af2 | 3430 | (F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was insufficient |
6903afa2 | 3431 | remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the request. However, |
be771a83 GS |
3432 | the request was judged large enough (compile-time default is 64K), so a |
3433 | possibility to shut down by trapping this error is granted. | |
a0d0e21e | 3434 | |
1b979e0a | 3435 | =item Out of memory during request for %s |
a0d0e21e | 3436 | |
1fa582fa | 3437 | (X)(F) The malloc() function returned 0, indicating there was |
be771a83 GS |
3438 | insufficient remaining memory (or virtual memory) to satisfy the |
3439 | request. | |
eff9c6e2 CS |
3440 | |
3441 | The request was judged to be small, so the possibility to trap it | |
3442 | depends on the way perl was compiled. By default it is not trappable. | |
be771a83 GS |
3443 | However, if compiled for this, Perl may use the contents of C<$^M> as an |
3444 | emergency pool after die()ing with this message. In this case the error | |
b022d2d2 IZ |
3445 | is trappable I<once>, and the error message will include the line and file |
3446 | where the failed request happened. | |
55497cff | 3447 | |
1b979e0a IZ |
3448 | =item Out of memory during ridiculously large request |
3449 | ||
3450 | (F) You can't allocate more than 2^31+"small amount" bytes. This error | |
be771a83 GS |
3451 | is most likely to be caused by a typo in the Perl program. e.g., |
3452 | C<$arr[time]> instead of C<$arr[$time]>. | |
1b979e0a | 3453 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3454 | =item Out of memory for yacc stack |
3455 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3456 | (F) The yacc parser wanted to grow its stack so it could continue |
3457 | parsing, but realloc() wouldn't give it more memory, virtual or | |
3458 | otherwise. | |
6df41af2 | 3459 | |
28be1210 TH |
3460 | =item '.' outside of string in pack |
3461 | ||
3462 | (F) The argument to a '.' in your template tried to move the working | |
3463 | position to before the start of the packed string being built. | |
3464 | ||
49704364 | 3465 | =item '@' outside of string in unpack |
6df41af2 | 3466 | |
49704364 | 3467 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside |
6df41af2 GS |
3468 | the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
3469 | ||
f337b084 TH |
3470 | =item '@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack |
3471 | ||
3472 | (F) You had a template that specified an absolute position outside | |
6903afa2 | 3473 | the string being unpacked. The string being unpacked was also invalid |
fa816bf3 | 3474 | UTF-8. See L<perlfunc/pack>. |
f337b084 | 3475 | |
7778d804 FC |
3476 | =item overload arg '%s' is invalid |
3477 | ||
3478 | (W overload) The L<overload> pragma was passed an argument it did not | |
3479 | recognize. Did you mistype an operator? | |
3480 | ||
7cb0cfe6 BM |
3481 | =item Overloaded dereference did not return a reference |
3482 | ||
3483 | (F) An object with an overloaded dereference operator was dereferenced, | |
6903afa2 | 3484 | but the overloaded operation did not return a reference. See |
7cb0cfe6 BM |
3485 | L<overload>. |
3486 | ||
3487 | =item Overloaded qr did not return a REGEXP | |
3488 | ||
3489 | (F) An object with a C<qr> overload was used as part of a match, but the | |
6903afa2 | 3490 | overloaded operation didn't return a compiled regexp. See L<overload>. |
7cb0cfe6 | 3491 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3492 | =item %s package attribute may clash with future reserved word: %s |
3493 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3494 | (W reserved) A lowercase attribute name was used that had a |
3495 | package-specific handler. That name might have a meaning to Perl itself | |
3496 | some day, even though it doesn't yet. Perhaps you should use a | |
3497 | mixed-case attribute name, instead. See L<attributes>. | |
6df41af2 | 3498 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
3499 | =item pack/unpack repeat count overflow |
3500 | ||
3501 | (F) You can't specify a repeat count so large that it overflows your | |
3502 | signed integers. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
3503 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3504 | =item page overflow |
3505 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3506 | (W io) A single call to write() produced more lines than can fit on a |
3507 | page. See L<perlform>. | |
a0d0e21e | 3508 | |
6df41af2 GS |
3509 | =item panic: %s |
3510 | ||
3511 | (P) An internal error. | |
3512 | ||
c99a1475 NC |
3513 | =item panic: attempt to call %s in %s |
3514 | ||
3515 | (P) One of the file test operators entered a code branch that calls | |
3516 | an ACL related-function, but that function is not available on this | |
3517 | platform. Earlier checks mean that it should not be possible to | |
3518 | enter this branch on this platform. | |
3519 | ||
5637ef5b | 3520 | =item panic: ck_grep, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
3521 | |
3522 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a grep. | |
3523 | ||
5637ef5b | 3524 | =item panic: ck_split, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
3525 | |
3526 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check trying to compile a split. | |
3527 | ||
5637ef5b | 3528 | =item panic: corrupt saved stack index %ld |
a0d0e21e | 3529 | |
be771a83 GS |
3530 | (P) The savestack was requested to restore more localized values than |
3531 | there are in the savestack. | |
a0d0e21e | 3532 | |
810b8aa5 GS |
3533 | =item panic: del_backref |
3534 | ||
3535 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset a weak | |
3536 | reference. | |
3537 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3538 | =item panic: die %s |
3539 | ||
3540 | (P) We popped the context stack to an eval context, and then discovered | |
3541 | it wasn't an eval context. | |
3542 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3543 | =item panic: do_subst |
3544 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3545 | (P) The internal pp_subst() routine was called with invalid operational |
3546 | data. | |
a0d0e21e | 3547 | |
2269b42e | 3548 | =item panic: do_trans_%s |
a0d0e21e | 3549 | |
2269b42e | 3550 | (P) The internal do_trans routines were called with invalid operational |
be771a83 | 3551 | data. |
a0d0e21e | 3552 | |
b7f7fd0b NC |
3553 | =item panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d |
3554 | ||
10203f38 | 3555 | (P) While attempting folding constants an exception other than an C<eval> |
b7f7fd0b NC |
3556 | failure was caught. |
3557 | ||
c635e13b | 3558 | =item panic: frexp |
3559 | ||
3560 | (P) The library function frexp() failed, making printf("%f") impossible. | |
3561 | ||
5637ef5b | 3562 | =item panic: goto, type=%u, ix=%ld |
a0d0e21e LW |
3563 | |
3564 | (P) We popped the context stack to a context with the specified label, | |
3565 | and then discovered it wasn't a context we know how to do a goto in. | |
3566 | ||
b0d55c99 FC |
3567 | =item panic: gp_free failed to free glob pointer |
3568 | ||
3569 | (P) The internal routine used to clear a typeglob's entries tried | |
6903afa2 FC |
3570 | repeatedly, but each time something re-created entries in the glob. |
3571 | Most likely the glob contains an object with a reference back to | |
3572 | the glob and a destructor that adds a new object to the glob. | |
b0d55c99 | 3573 | |
5637ef5b | 3574 | =item panic: INTERPCASEMOD, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3575 | |
3576 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state at a case modifier. | |
3577 | ||
5637ef5b | 3578 | =item panic: INTERPCONCAT, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3579 | |
3580 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state parsing a string with brackets. | |
3581 | ||
e446cec8 IZ |
3582 | =item panic: kid popen errno read |
3583 | ||
3584 | (F) forked child returned an incomprehensible message about its errno. | |
3585 | ||
5637ef5b | 3586 | =item panic: last, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
3587 | |
3588 | (P) We popped the context stack to a block context, and then discovered | |
3589 | it wasn't a block context. | |
3590 | ||
3591 | =item panic: leave_scope clearsv | |
3592 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3593 | (P) A writable lexical variable became read-only somehow within the |
3594 | scope. | |
a0d0e21e | 3595 | |
5637ef5b | 3596 | =item panic: leave_scope inconsistency %u |
a0d0e21e LW |
3597 | |
3598 | (P) The savestack probably got out of sync. At least, there was an | |
3599 | invalid enum on the top of it. | |
3600 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
3601 | =item panic: magic_killbackrefs |
3602 | ||
3603 | (P) Failed an internal consistency check while trying to reset all weak | |
3604 | references to an object. | |
3605 | ||
5637ef5b | 3606 | =item panic: malloc, %s |
6df41af2 GS |
3607 | |
3608 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of malloc. | |
3609 | ||
27d5b266 JH |
3610 | =item panic: memory wrap |
3611 | ||
3612 | (P) Something tried to allocate more memory than possible. | |
3613 | ||
5637ef5b | 3614 | =item panic: pad_alloc, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
3615 | |
3616 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3617 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3618 | ||
5637ef5b | 3619 | =item panic: pad_free curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
3620 | |
3621 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3622 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3623 | ||
3624 | =item panic: pad_free po | |
3625 | ||
3626 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
3627 | ||
5637ef5b | 3628 | =item panic: pad_reset curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
3629 | |
3630 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3631 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3632 | ||
3633 | =item panic: pad_sv po | |
3634 | ||
3635 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
3636 | ||
5637ef5b | 3637 | =item panic: pad_swipe curpad, %p!=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
3638 | |
3639 | (P) The compiler got confused about which scratch pad it was allocating | |
3640 | and freeing temporaries and lexicals from. | |
3641 | ||
3642 | =item panic: pad_swipe po | |
3643 | ||
3644 | (P) An invalid scratch pad offset was detected internally. | |
3645 | ||
5637ef5b | 3646 | =item panic: pp_iter, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
3647 | |
3648 | (P) The foreach iterator got called in a non-loop context frame. | |
3649 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3650 | =item panic: pp_match%s |
3651 | ||
3652 | (P) The internal pp_match() routine was called with invalid operational | |
3653 | data. | |
3654 | ||
5637ef5b | 3655 | =item panic: pp_split, pm=%p, s=%p |
2269b42e JH |
3656 | |
3657 | (P) Something terrible went wrong in setting up for the split. | |
3658 | ||
5637ef5b | 3659 | =item panic: realloc, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3660 | |
3661 | (P) Something requested a negative number of bytes of realloc. | |
3662 | ||
ccfb6d2e FC |
3663 | =item panic: reference miscount on nsv in sv_replace() (%d != 1) |
3664 | ||
3665 | (P) The internal sv_replace() function was handed a new SV with a | |
3666 | reference count other than 1. | |
3667 | ||
5637ef5b | 3668 | =item panic: restartop in %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3669 | |
3670 | (P) Some internal routine requested a goto (or something like it), and | |
3671 | didn't supply the destination. | |
3672 | ||
5637ef5b | 3673 | =item panic: return, type=%u |
a0d0e21e LW |
3674 | |
3675 | (P) We popped the context stack to a subroutine or eval context, and | |
3676 | then discovered it wasn't a subroutine or eval context. | |
3677 | ||
5637ef5b | 3678 | =item panic: scan_num, %s |
a0d0e21e LW |
3679 | |
3680 | (P) scan_num() got called on something that wasn't a number. | |
3681 | ||
d24ca0c5 DM |
3682 | =item panic: Sequence (?{...}): no code block found |
3683 | ||
3684 | (P) while compiling a pattern that has embedded (?{}) or (??{}) code | |
3685 | blocks, perl couldn't locate the code block that should have already been | |
3686 | seen and compiled by perl before control passed to the regex compiler. | |
3687 | ||
6c65d5f9 NC |
3688 | =item panic: sv_chop %s |
3689 | ||
3690 | (P) The sv_chop() routine was passed a position that is not within the | |
3691 | scalar's string buffer. | |
3692 | ||
5637ef5b | 3693 | =item panic: sv_insert, midend=%p, bigend=%p |
a0d0e21e LW |
3694 | |
3695 | (P) The sv_insert() routine was told to remove more string than there | |
3696 | was string. | |
3697 | ||
ad49ad39 NC |
3698 | =item panic: strxfrm() gets absurd - a => %u, ab => %u |
3699 | ||
3700 | (P) The interpreter's sanity check of the C function strxfrm() failed. | |
3701 | In your current locale the returned transformation of the string "ab" is | |
3702 | shorter than that of the string "a", which makes no sense. | |
3703 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3704 | =item panic: top_env |
3705 | ||
6224f72b | 3706 | (P) The compiler attempted to do a goto, or something weird like that. |
a0d0e21e | 3707 | |
65bca31a NC |
3708 | =item panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called |
3709 | ||
a1efa96e FC |
3710 | (P) The compiler is screwed up and attempted to use an op that isn't |
3711 | permitted at run time. | |
65bca31a | 3712 | |
dea0fc0b JH |
3713 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8: odd bytelen |
3714 | ||
3715 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8 with an odd (as opposed | |
64977eb6 | 3716 | to even) byte length. |
dea0fc0b | 3717 | |
e0ea5e2d NC |
3718 | =item panic: utf16_to_utf8_reversed: odd bytelen |
3719 | ||
3720 | (P) Something tried to call utf16_to_utf8_reversed with an odd (as opposed | |
3721 | to even) byte length. | |
3722 | ||
5637ef5b | 3723 | =item panic: yylex, %s |
2f7da168 RK |
3724 | |
3725 | (P) The lexer got into a bad state while processing a case modifier. | |
3726 | ||
28ac2b49 Z |
3727 | =item Parsing code internal error (%s) |
3728 | ||
3729 | (F) Parsing code supplied by an extension violated the parser's API in | |
3730 | a detectable way. | |
3731 | ||
1a147d38 YO |
3732 | =item Pattern subroutine nesting without pos change exceeded limit in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3733 | ||
3734 | (F) You used a pattern that uses too many nested subpattern calls without | |
6903afa2 FC |
3735 | consuming any text. Restructure the pattern so text is consumed before |
3736 | the nesting limit is exceeded. | |
1a147d38 YO |
3737 | |
3738 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
3739 | discovered. | |
3740 | ||
7b8d334a | 3741 | =item Parentheses missing around "%s" list |
a0d0e21e | 3742 | |
e476b1b5 | 3743 | (W parenthesis) You said something like |
a0d0e21e LW |
3744 | |
3745 | my $foo, $bar = @_; | |
3746 | ||
3747 | when you meant | |
3748 | ||
3749 | my ($foo, $bar) = @_; | |
3750 | ||
30c282f6 | 3751 | Remember that "my", "our", "local" and "state" bind tighter than comma. |
a0d0e21e | 3752 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
3753 | =item C<-p> destination: %s |
3754 | ||
3755 | (F) An error occurred during the implicit output invoked by the C<-p> | |
3756 | command-line switch. (This output goes to STDOUT unless you've | |
3757 | redirected it with select().) | |
3758 | ||
3759 | =item (perhaps you forgot to load "%s"?) | |
3760 | ||
3761 | (F) This is an educated guess made in conjunction with the message | |
3762 | "Can't locate object method \"%s\" via package \"%s\"". It often means | |
3763 | that a method requires a package that has not been loaded. | |
3764 | ||
801eb083 | 3765 | =item Perl folding rules are not up-to-date for 0x%x; please use the perlbug utility to report |
d50a4f90 KW |
3766 | |
3767 | (W regex, deprecated) You used a regular expression with | |
3768 | case-insensitive matching, and there is a bug in Perl in which the | |
3769 | built-in regular expression folding rules are not accurate. This may | |
3770 | lead to incorrect results. Please report this as a bug using the | |
3771 | "perlbug" utility. (This message is marked deprecated, so that it by | |
3772 | default will be turned-on.) | |
3773 | ||
1109a392 MHM |
3774 | =item Perl_my_%s() not available |
3775 | ||
3776 | (F) Your platform has very uncommon byte-order and integer size, | |
3777 | so it was not possible to set up some or all fixed-width byte-order | |
3778 | conversion functions. This is only a problem when you're using the | |
3779 | '<' or '>' modifiers in (un)pack templates. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
3780 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
3781 | =item Perl %s required (did you mean %s?)--this is only %s, stopped |
3782 | ||
3783 | (F) The code you are trying to run has asked for a newer version of | |
3784 | Perl than you are running. Perhaps C<use 5.10> was written instead | |
3785 | of C<use 5.010> or C<use v5.10>. Without the leading C<v>, the number is | |
3786 | interpreted as a decimal, with every three digits after the | |
3787 | decimal point representing a part of the version number. So 5.10 | |
3788 | is equivalent to v5.100. | |
3789 | ||
6d3b25aa RGS |
3790 | =item Perl %s required--this is only version %s, stopped |
3791 | ||
3792 | (F) The module in question uses features of a version of Perl more | |
3793 | recent than the currently running version. How long has it been since | |
3794 | you upgraded, anyway? See L<perlfunc/require>. | |
3795 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3796 | =item PERL_SH_DIR too long |
3797 | ||
fa816bf3 | 3798 | (F) An error peculiar to OS/2. PERL_SH_DIR is the directory to find the |
fecfaeb8 | 3799 | C<sh>-shell in. See "PERL_SH_DIR" in L<perlos2>. |
6df41af2 | 3800 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
3801 | =item PERL_SIGNALS illegal: "%s" |
3802 | ||
3803 | See L<perlrun/PERL_SIGNALS> for legal values. | |
3804 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
3805 | =item Perls since %s too modern--this is %s, stopped |
3806 | ||
3807 | (F) The code you are trying to run claims it will not run | |
3808 | on the version of Perl you are using because it is too new. | |
3809 | Maybe the code needs to be updated, or maybe it is simply | |
3810 | wrong and the version check should just be removed. | |
3811 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3812 | =item perl: warning: Setting locale failed. |
3813 | ||
3814 | (S) The whole warning message will look something like: | |
3815 | ||
3816 | perl: warning: Setting locale failed. | |
3817 | perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings: | |
3818 | LC_ALL = "En_US", | |
3819 | LANG = (unset) | |
3820 | are supported and installed on your system. | |
3821 | perl: warning: Falling back to the standard locale ("C"). | |
3822 | ||
3823 | Exactly what were the failed locale settings varies. In the above the | |
3824 | settings were that the LC_ALL was "En_US" and the LANG had no value. | |
0ea6b70f JH |
3825 | This error means that Perl detected that you and/or your operating |
3826 | system supplier and/or system administrator have set up the so-called | |
3827 | locale system but Perl could not use those settings. This was not | |
3828 | dead serious, fortunately: there is a "default locale" called "C" that | |
4b07a369 FC |
3829 | Perl can and will use, and the script will be run. Before you really |
3830 | fix the problem, however, you will get the same error message each | |
3831 | time you run Perl. How to really fix the problem can be found in | |
0ea6b70f | 3832 | L<perllocale> section B<LOCALE PROBLEMS>. |
6df41af2 | 3833 | |
bd3fa61c | 3834 | =item pid %x not a child |
748a9306 | 3835 | |
be771a83 GS |
3836 | (W exec) A warning peculiar to VMS. Waitpid() was asked to wait for a |
3837 | process which isn't a subprocess of the current process. While this is | |
3838 | fine from VMS' perspective, it's probably not what you intended. | |
748a9306 | 3839 | |
49704364 | 3840 | =item 'P' must have an explicit size in unpack |
3bf38418 WL |
3841 | |
3842 | (F) The unpack format P must have an explicit size, not "*". | |
3843 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
3844 | =item POSIX class [:%s:] unknown in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
3845 | ||
3846 | (F) The class in the character class [: :] syntax is unknown. The <-- HERE | |
3847 | shows in the regular expression about where the problem was discovered. | |
3848 | Note that the POSIX character classes do B<not> have the C<is> prefix | |
3849 | the corresponding C interfaces have: in other words, it's C<[[:print:]]>, | |
3850 | not C<isprint>. See L<perlre>. | |
3851 | ||
3852 | =item POSIX getpgrp can't take an argument | |
3853 | ||
3854 | (F) Your system has POSIX getpgrp(), which takes no argument, unlike | |
3855 | the BSD version, which takes a pid. | |
3856 | ||
49704364 | 3857 | =item POSIX syntax [%s] belongs inside character classes in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 3858 | |
9a0b3859 | 3859 | (W regexp) The character class constructs [: :], [= =], and [. .] go |
7253e4e3 RK |
3860 | I<inside> character classes, the [] are part of the construct, for example: |
3861 | /[012[:alpha:]345]/. Note that [= =] and [. .] are not currently | |
3862 | implemented; they are simply placeholders for future extensions and will | |
3863 | cause fatal errors. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
3864 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 3865 | |
49704364 | 3866 | =item POSIX syntax [. .] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
3867 | |
3868 | (F regexp) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax | |
7253e4e3 RK |
3869 | beginning with "[." and ending with ".]" is reserved for future extensions. |
3870 | If you need to represent those character sequences inside a regular | |
3871 | expression character class, just quote the square brackets with the | |
3872 | backslash: "\[." and ".\]". The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression | |
3873 | about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 3874 | |
49704364 | 3875 | =item POSIX syntax [= =] is reserved for future extensions in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 3876 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
3877 | (F) Within regular expression character classes ([]) the syntax beginning |
3878 | with "[=" and ending with "=]" is reserved for future extensions. If you | |
3879 | need to represent those character sequences inside a regular expression | |
3880 | character class, just quote the square brackets with the backslash: "\[=" | |
3881 | and "=\]". The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the | |
3882 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 3883 | |
bbce6d69 | 3884 | =item Possible attempt to put comments in qw() list |
3885 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3886 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; as with literal |
75b44862 | 3887 | strings, comment characters are not ignored, but are instead treated as |
be771a83 GS |
3888 | literal data. (You may have used different delimiters than the |
3889 | parentheses shown here; braces are also frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 3890 | |
774d564b | 3891 | You probably wrote something like this: |
3892 | ||
54310121 | 3893 | @list = qw( |
774d564b | 3894 | a # a comment |
bbce6d69 | 3895 | b # another comment |
774d564b | 3896 | ); |
bbce6d69 | 3897 | |
3898 | when you should have written this: | |
3899 | ||
774d564b | 3900 | @list = qw( |
54310121 | 3901 | a |
3902 | b | |
774d564b | 3903 | ); |
3904 | ||
3905 | If you really want comments, build your list the | |
3906 | old-fashioned way, with quotes and commas: | |
3907 | ||
3908 | @list = ( | |
3909 | 'a', # a comment | |
3910 | 'b', # another comment | |
3911 | ); | |
bbce6d69 | 3912 | |
3913 | =item Possible attempt to separate words with commas | |
3914 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3915 | (W qw) qw() lists contain items separated by whitespace; therefore |
3916 | commas aren't needed to separate the items. (You may have used | |
3917 | different delimiters than the parentheses shown here; braces are also | |
3918 | frequently used.) | |
bbce6d69 | 3919 | |
54310121 | 3920 | You probably wrote something like this: |
bbce6d69 | 3921 | |
774d564b | 3922 | qw! a, b, c !; |
3923 | ||
3924 | which puts literal commas into some of the list items. Write it without | |
3925 | commas if you don't want them to appear in your data: | |
bbce6d69 | 3926 | |
774d564b | 3927 | qw! a b c !; |
bbce6d69 | 3928 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3929 | =item Possible memory corruption: %s overflowed 3rd argument |
3930 | ||
3931 | (F) An ioctl() or fcntl() returned more than Perl was bargaining for. | |
3932 | Perl guesses a reasonable buffer size, but puts a sentinel byte at the | |
3933 | end of the buffer just in case. This sentinel byte got clobbered, and | |
3934 | Perl assumes that memory is now corrupted. See L<perlfunc/ioctl>. | |
3935 | ||
276b2a0c RGS |
3936 | =item Possible precedence problem on bitwise %c operator |
3937 | ||
3938 | (W precedence) Your program uses a bitwise logical operator in conjunction | |
3939 | with a numeric comparison operator, like this : | |
3940 | ||
3941 | if ($x & $y == 0) { ... } | |
3942 | ||
3943 | This expression is actually equivalent to C<$x & ($y == 0)>, due to the | |
6903afa2 | 3944 | higher precedence of C<==>. This is probably not what you want. (If you |
96a925ab YST |
3945 | really meant to write this, disable the warning, or, better, put the |
3946 | parentheses explicitly and write C<$x & ($y == 0)>). | |
276b2a0c | 3947 | |
77772344 B |
3948 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of $\ in regex |
3949 | ||
3950 | (W ambiguous) You said something like C<m/$\/> in a regex. | |
3951 | The regex C<m/foo$\s+bar/m> translates to: match the word 'foo', the output | |
8ddb446c | 3952 | record separator (see L<perlvar/$\>) and the letter 's' (one time or more) |
77772344 B |
3953 | followed by the word 'bar'. |
3954 | ||
3955 | If this is what you intended then you can silence the warning by using | |
3956 | C<m/${\}/> (for example: C<m/foo${\}s+bar/>). | |
3957 | ||
3958 | If instead you intended to match the word 'foo' at the end of the line | |
3959 | followed by whitespace and the word 'bar' on the next line then you can use | |
3960 | C<m/$(?)\/> (for example: C<m/foo$(?)\s+bar/>). | |
3961 | ||
e5035638 FC |
3962 | =item Possible unintended interpolation of %s in string |
3963 | ||
ccf3535a | 3964 | (W ambiguous) You said something like '@foo' in a double-quoted string |
6903afa2 | 3965 | but there was no array C<@foo> in scope at the time. If you wanted a |
e5035638 FC |
3966 | literal @foo, then write it as \@foo; otherwise find out what happened |
3967 | to the array you apparently lost track of. | |
3968 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
3969 | =item Precedence problem: open %s should be open(%s) |
3970 | ||
e476b1b5 | 3971 | (S precedence) The old irregular construct |
cb1a09d0 | 3972 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
3973 | open FOO || die; |
3974 | ||
3975 | is now misinterpreted as | |
3976 | ||
3977 | open(FOO || die); | |
3978 | ||
be771a83 GS |
3979 | because of the strict regularization of Perl 5's grammar into unary and |
3980 | list operators. (The old open was a little of both.) You must put | |
3981 | parentheses around the filehandle, or use the new "or" operator instead | |
3982 | of "||". | |
a0d0e21e | 3983 | |
3cdd684c TP |
3984 | =item Premature end of script headers |
3985 | ||
3986 | See Server error. | |
3987 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
3988 | =item printf() on closed filehandle %s |
3989 | ||
be771a83 | 3990 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 3991 | before now. Check your control flow. |
6df41af2 | 3992 | |
9a7dcd9c | 3993 | =item print() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 3994 | |
be771a83 | 3995 | (W closed) The filehandle you're printing on got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 3996 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 3997 | |
6df41af2 | 3998 | =item Process terminated by SIG%s |
a0d0e21e | 3999 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4000 | (W) This is a standard message issued by OS/2 applications, while *nix |
4001 | applications die in silence. It is considered a feature of the OS/2 | |
4002 | port. One can easily disable this by appropriate sighandlers, see | |
4003 | L<perlipc/"Signals">. See also "Process terminated by SIGTERM/SIGINT" | |
fecfaeb8 | 4004 | in L<perlos2>. |
a0d0e21e | 4005 | |
327323c1 RGS |
4006 | =item Prototype after '%c' for %s : %s |
4007 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
4008 | (W illegalproto) A character follows % or @ in a prototype. This is |
4009 | useless, since % and @ gobble the rest of the subroutine arguments. | |
327323c1 | 4010 | |
3fe9a6f1 | 4011 | =item Prototype mismatch: %s vs %s |
4633a7c4 | 4012 | |
9a0b3859 | 4013 | (S prototype) The subroutine being declared or defined had previously been |
be771a83 | 4014 | declared or defined with a different function prototype. |
4633a7c4 | 4015 | |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
4016 | =item Prototype not terminated |
4017 | ||
2a6fd447 | 4018 | (F) You've omitted the closing parenthesis in a function prototype |
ed9aa3b7 SG |
4019 | definition. |
4020 | ||
f9eb106c FC |
4021 | =item \p{} uses Unicode rules, not locale rules |
4022 | ||
4023 | (W) You compiled a regular expression that contained a Unicode property | |
4024 | match (C<\p> or C<\P>), but the regular expression is also being told to | |
4025 | use the run-time locale, not Unicode. Instead, use a POSIX character | |
4026 | class, which should know about the locale's rules. | |
4027 | (See L<perlrecharclass/POSIX Character Classes>.) | |
4028 | ||
4029 | Even if the run-time locale is ISO 8859-1 (Latin1), which is a subset of | |
4030 | Unicode, some properties will give results that are not valid for that | |
4031 | subset. | |
4032 | ||
4033 | Here are a couple of examples to help you see what's going on. If the | |
4034 | locale is ISO 8859-7, the character at code point 0xD7 is the "GREEK | |
4035 | CAPITAL LETTER CHI". But in Unicode that code point means the | |
4036 | "MULTIPLICATION SIGN" instead, and C<\p> always uses the Unicode | |
4037 | meaning. That means that C<\p{Alpha}> won't match, but C<[[:alpha:]]> | |
4038 | should. Only in the Latin1 locale are all the characters in the same | |
4039 | positions as they are in Unicode. But, even here, some properties give | |
4040 | incorrect results. An example is C<\p{Changes_When_Uppercased}> which | |
4041 | is true for "LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS", but since the upper | |
4042 | case of that character is not in Latin1, in that locale it doesn't | |
4043 | change when upper cased. | |
4044 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4045 | =item Quantifier follows nothing in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
4046 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
4047 | (F) You started a regular expression with a quantifier. Backslash it if |
4048 | you meant it literally. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression | |
4049 | about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
96ebfdd7 | 4050 | |
49704364 | 4051 | =item Quantifier in {,} bigger than %d in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 4052 | |
6903afa2 FC |
4053 | (F) There is currently a limit to the size of the min and max values of |
4054 | the {min,max} construct. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression | |
4055 | about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
9baa0206 | 4056 | |
49704364 | 4057 | =item Quantifier unexpected on zero-length expression; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9baa0206 | 4058 | |
b45f050a JF |
4059 | (W regexp) You applied a regular expression quantifier in a place where |
4060 | it makes no sense, such as on a zero-width assertion. Try putting the | |
4061 | quantifier inside the assertion instead. For example, the way to match | |
4062 | "abc" provided that it is followed by three repetitions of "xyz" is | |
4063 | C</abc(?=(?:xyz){3})/>, not C</abc(?=xyz){3}/>. | |
9baa0206 | 4064 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
4065 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
4066 | discovered. | |
4067 | ||
89ea2908 GA |
4068 | =item Range iterator outside integer range |
4069 | ||
4070 | (F) One (or both) of the numeric arguments to the range operator ".." | |
4071 | are outside the range which can be represented by integers internally. | |
be771a83 GS |
4072 | One possible workaround is to force Perl to use magical string increment |
4073 | by prepending "0" to your numbers. | |
89ea2908 | 4074 | |
3b7fbd4a SP |
4075 | =item readdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4076 | ||
1a147d38 | 4077 | (W io) The dirhandle you're reading from is either closed or not really |
3b7fbd4a SP |
4078 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. |
4079 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4080 | =item readline() on closed filehandle %s |
4081 | ||
4082 | (W closed) The filehandle you're reading from got itself closed sometime | |
4083 | before now. Check your control flow. | |
4084 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
4085 | =item read() on closed filehandle %s |
4086 | ||
4087 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
4088 | ||
4089 | =item read() on unopened filehandle %s | |
4090 | ||
4091 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4092 | ||
de42a5a9 | 4093 | =item Reallocation too large: %x |
6df41af2 GS |
4094 | |
4095 | (F) You can't allocate more than 64K on an MS-DOS machine. | |
4096 | ||
4ad56ec9 IZ |
4097 | =item realloc() of freed memory ignored |
4098 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4099 | (S malloc) An internal routine called realloc() on something that had |
4100 | already been freed. | |
4ad56ec9 | 4101 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4102 | =item Recompile perl with B<-D>DEBUGGING to use B<-D> switch |
4103 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4104 | (F debugging) You can't use the B<-D> option unless the code to produce |
4105 | the desired output is compiled into Perl, which entails some overhead, | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4106 | which is why it's currently left out of your copy. |
4107 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
4108 | =item Recursive call to Perl_load_module in PerlIO_find_layer |
4109 | ||
4110 | (P) It is currently not permitted to load modules when creating | |
4111 | a filehandle inside an %INC hook. This can happen with C<open my | |
4112 | $fh, '<', \$scalar>, which implicitly loads PerlIO::scalar. Try | |
4113 | loading PerlIO::scalar explicitly first. | |
4114 | ||
3e0ccd42 | 4115 | =item Recursive inheritance detected in package '%s' |
a0d0e21e | 4116 | |
2c7d6b9c RGS |
4117 | (F) While calculating the method resolution order (MRO) of a package, Perl |
4118 | believes it found an infinite loop in the C<@ISA> hierarchy. This is a | |
4119 | crude check that bails out after 100 levels of C<@ISA> depth. | |
a0d0e21e | 4120 | |
12605ff9 FC |
4121 | =item refcnt_dec: fd %d%s |
4122 | ||
2e0cfa16 FC |
4123 | =item refcnt: fd %d%s |
4124 | ||
12605ff9 FC |
4125 | =item refcnt_inc: fd %d%s |
4126 | ||
fa816bf3 | 4127 | (P) Perl's I/O implementation failed an internal consistency check. If |
2e0cfa16 FC |
4128 | you see this message, something is very wrong. |
4129 | ||
1930e939 TP |
4130 | =item Reference found where even-sized list expected |
4131 | ||
be771a83 | 4132 | (W misc) You gave a single reference where Perl was expecting a list |
6903afa2 FC |
4133 | with an even number of elements (for assignment to a hash). This |
4134 | usually means that you used the anon hash constructor when you meant | |
4135 | to use parens. In any case, a hash requires key/value B<pairs>. | |
7b8d334a GS |
4136 | |
4137 | %hash = { one => 1, two => 2, }; # WRONG | |
4138 | %hash = [ qw/ an anon array / ]; # WRONG | |
4139 | %hash = ( one => 1, two => 2, ); # right | |
4140 | %hash = qw( one 1 two 2 ); # also fine | |
4141 | ||
810b8aa5 GS |
4142 | =item Reference is already weak |
4143 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4144 | (W misc) You have attempted to weaken a reference that is already weak. |
810b8aa5 GS |
4145 | Doing so has no effect. |
4146 | ||
aec0ef10 | 4147 | =item Reference to invalid group 0 in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b72d83b2 | 4148 | |
6903afa2 FC |
4149 | (F) You used C<\g0> or similar in a regular expression. You may refer |
4150 | to capturing parentheses only with strictly positive integers | |
4151 | (normal backreferences) or with strictly negative integers (relative | |
4152 | backreferences). Using 0 does not make sense. | |
b72d83b2 | 4153 | |
49704364 | 4154 | =item Reference to nonexistent group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a JF |
4155 | |
4156 | (F) You used something like C<\7> in your regular expression, but there are | |
6903afa2 | 4157 | not at least seven sets of capturing parentheses in the expression. If |
bbaee129 FC |
4158 | you wanted to have the character with ordinal 7 inserted into the regular |
4159 | expression, prepend zeroes to make it three digits long: C<\007> | |
9baa0206 | 4160 | |
7253e4e3 | 4161 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was |
b45f050a | 4162 | discovered. |
9baa0206 | 4163 | |
1a147d38 YO |
4164 | =item Reference to nonexistent named group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
4165 | ||
4166 | (F) You used something like C<\k'NAME'> or C<< \k<NAME> >> in your regular | |
9381611c | 4167 | expression, but there is no corresponding named capturing parentheses |
6903afa2 | 4168 | such as C<(?'NAME'...)> or C<< (?<NAME>...) >>. Check if the name has been |
9381611c | 4169 | spelled correctly both in the backreference and the declaration. |
1a147d38 YO |
4170 | |
4171 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
4172 | discovered. | |
4173 | ||
bcb95744 | 4174 | =item Reference to nonexistent or unclosed group in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1a147d38 | 4175 | |
bcb95744 FC |
4176 | (F) You used something like C<\g{-7}> in your regular expression, but there |
4177 | are not at least seven sets of closed capturing parentheses in the | |
4178 | expression before where the C<\g{-7}> was located. | |
1a147d38 YO |
4179 | |
4180 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
4181 | discovered. | |
4182 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4183 | =item regexp memory corruption |
4184 | ||
4185 | (P) The regular expression engine got confused by what the regular | |
4186 | expression compiler gave it. | |
4187 | ||
ff3f26d2 KW |
4188 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may appear a maximum of twice |
4189 | ||
3955e1a9 KW |
4190 | =item Regexp modifier "/%c" may not appear twice |
4191 | ||
f6a766d5 | 4192 | (F syntax, regexp) The regular expression pattern had too many occurrences |
ff3f26d2 | 4193 | of the specified modifier. Remove the extraneous ones. |
3955e1a9 | 4194 | |
aec0ef10 | 4195 | =item Regexp modifier "%c" may not appear after the "-" in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9442e3b8 KW |
4196 | |
4197 | (F regexp) Turning off the given modifier has the side effect of turning | |
4198 | on another one. Perl currently doesn't allow this. Reword the regular | |
4199 | expression to use the modifier you want to turn on (and place it before | |
4200 | the minus), instead of the one you want to turn off. | |
4201 | ||
3955e1a9 KW |
4202 | =item Regexp modifiers "/%c" and "/%c" are mutually exclusive |
4203 | ||
f6a766d5 | 4204 | (F syntax, regexp) The regular expression pattern had more than one of these |
3955e1a9 KW |
4205 | mutually exclusive modifiers. Retain only the modifier that is |
4206 | supposed to be there. | |
4207 | ||
aec0ef10 | 4208 | =item Regexp out of space in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4209 | |
be771a83 GS |
4210 | (P) A "can't happen" error, because safemalloc() should have caught it |
4211 | earlier. | |
a0d0e21e | 4212 | |
a1b95068 WL |
4213 | =item Repeated format line will never terminate (~~ and @# incompatible) |
4214 | ||
d7f8936a | 4215 | (F) Your format contains the ~~ repeat-until-blank sequence and a |
a1b95068 | 4216 | numeric field that will never go blank so that the repetition never |
6903afa2 | 4217 | terminates. You might use ^# instead. See L<perlform>. |
a1b95068 | 4218 | |
b08e453b RB |
4219 | =item Replacement list is longer than search list |
4220 | ||
4221 | (W misc) You have used a replacement list that is longer than the | |
fa816bf3 | 4222 | search list. So the additional elements in the replacement list |
b08e453b RB |
4223 | are meaningless. |
4224 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4225 | =item Reversed %s= operator |
4226 | ||
be771a83 | 4227 | (W syntax) You wrote your assignment operator backwards. The = must |
964742a1 | 4228 | always come last, to avoid ambiguity with subsequent unary operators. |
a0d0e21e | 4229 | |
abc7ecad SP |
4230 | =item rewinddir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4231 | ||
4232 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to do a rewinddir() on is either closed or not | |
4233 | really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
4234 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4235 | =item Scalars leaked: %d |
4236 | ||
4237 | (P) Something went wrong in Perl's internal bookkeeping of scalars: | |
4238 | not all scalar variables were deallocated by the time Perl exited. | |
4239 | What this usually indicates is a memory leak, which is of course bad, | |
4240 | especially if the Perl program is intended to be long-running. | |
4241 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4242 | =item Scalar value @%s[%s] better written as $%s[%s] |
4243 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4244 | (W syntax) You've used an array slice (indicated by @) to select a |
4245 | single element of an array. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar | |
4246 | value (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo[&bar]> always | |
4247 | behaves like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
4248 | argument, while C<@foo[&bar]> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
4249 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
4250 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
a0d0e21e | 4251 | |
748a9306 | 4252 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the array |
5f05dabc | 4253 | element as a list, you need to look into how references work, because |
748a9306 LW |
4254 | Perl will not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See |
4255 | L<perlref>. | |
4256 | ||
a6006777 | 4257 | =item Scalar value @%s{%s} better written as $%s{%s} |
4258 | ||
75b44862 | 4259 | (W syntax) You've used a hash slice (indicated by @) to select a single |
be771a83 GS |
4260 | element of a hash. Generally it's better to ask for a scalar value |
4261 | (indicated by $). The difference is that C<$foo{&bar}> always behaves | |
4262 | like a scalar, both when assigning to it and when evaluating its | |
4263 | argument, while C<@foo{&bar}> behaves like a list when you assign to it, | |
4264 | and provides a list context to its subscript, which can do weird things | |
4265 | if you're expecting only one subscript. | |
4266 | ||
4267 | On the other hand, if you were actually hoping to treat the hash element | |
4268 | as a list, you need to look into how references work, because Perl will | |
4269 | not magically convert between scalars and lists for you. See | |
a6006777 | 4270 | L<perlref>. |
4271 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4272 | =item Search pattern not terminated |
4273 | ||
4274 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a // or m{} | |
4275 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. | |
fb73857a | 4276 | Missing the leading C<$> from a variable C<$m> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e | 4277 | |
0cb1bcd7 | 4278 | Note that since Perl 5.9.0 a // can also be the I<defined-or> |
5d9c98cd JH |
4279 | construct, not just the empty search pattern. Therefore code written |
4280 | in Perl 5.9.0 or later that uses the // as the I<defined-or> can be | |
4281 | misparsed by pre-5.9.0 Perls as a non-terminated search pattern. | |
4282 | ||
25c09cbf SF |
4283 | =item Search pattern not terminated or ternary operator parsed as search pattern |
4284 | ||
4285 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a C<?PATTERN?> | |
4286 | construct. | |
4287 | ||
4288 | The question mark is also used as part of the ternary operator (as in | |
4289 | C<foo ? 0 : 1>) leading to some ambiguous constructions being wrongly | |
6903afa2 | 4290 | parsed. One way to disambiguate the parsing is to put parentheses around |
25c09cbf SF |
4291 | the conditional expression, i.e. C<(foo) ? 0 : 1>. |
4292 | ||
abc7ecad SP |
4293 | =item seekdir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4294 | ||
4295 | (W io) The dirhandle you are doing a seekdir() on is either closed or not | |
4296 | really a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
4297 | ||
3257ea4f FC |
4298 | =item %sseek() on unopened filehandle |
4299 | ||
4300 | (W unopened) You tried to use the seek() or sysseek() function on a | |
4301 | filehandle that was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
4302 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4303 | =item select not implemented |
4304 | ||
4305 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the select() system call. | |
4306 | ||
ae21d580 | 4307 | =item Self-ties of arrays and hashes are not supported |
68a4a7e4 | 4308 | |
ae21d580 JH |
4309 | (F) Self-ties are of arrays and hashes are not supported in |
4310 | the current implementation. | |
68a4a7e4 | 4311 | |
6df41af2 | 4312 | =item Semicolon seems to be missing |
a0d0e21e | 4313 | |
75b44862 GS |
4314 | (W semicolon) A nearby syntax error was probably caused by a missing |
4315 | semicolon, or possibly some other missing operator, such as a comma. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4316 | |
4317 | =item semi-panic: attempt to dup freed string | |
4318 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4319 | (S internal) The internal newSVsv() routine was called to duplicate a |
4320 | scalar that had previously been marked as free. | |
a0d0e21e | 4321 | |
6df41af2 | 4322 | =item sem%s not implemented |
a0d0e21e | 4323 | |
6df41af2 | 4324 | (F) You don't have System V semaphore IPC on your system. |
a0d0e21e | 4325 | |
69282e91 | 4326 | =item send() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 4327 | |
be771a83 | 4328 | (W closed) The socket you're sending to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 4329 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 4330 | |
7253e4e3 | 4331 | =item Sequence (? incomplete in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
7b8d334a | 4332 | |
6903afa2 FC |
4333 | (F) A regular expression ended with an incomplete extension (?. The |
4334 | <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
4335 | discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
1b1626e4 | 4336 | |
49704364 | 4337 | =item Sequence (?%s...) not implemented in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4338 | |
6903afa2 FC |
4339 | (F) A proposed regular expression extension has the character reserved |
4340 | but has not yet been written. The <-- HERE shows in the regular | |
4341 | expression about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 4342 | |
49704364 | 4343 | =item Sequence (?%s...) not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4344 | |
7253e4e3 RK |
4345 | (F) You used a regular expression extension that doesn't make sense. The |
4346 | <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
fb85c044 KW |
4347 | discovered. This happens when using the C<(?^...)> construct to tell |
4348 | Perl to use the default regular expression modifiers, and you | |
9442e3b8 | 4349 | redundantly specify a default modifier. For other |
9de15fec | 4350 | causes, see L<perlre>. |
a0d0e21e | 4351 | |
4a68bf9d | 4352 | =item Sequence \%s... not terminated in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
1f1031fe YO |
4353 | |
4354 | (F) The regular expression expects a mandatory argument following the escape | |
4355 | sequence and this has been omitted or incorrectly written. | |
4356 | ||
aec0ef10 | 4357 | =item Sequence (?#... not terminated in regex m/%s/ |
6df41af2 GS |
4358 | |
4359 | (F) A regular expression comment must be terminated by a closing | |
aec0ef10 | 4360 | parenthesis. Embedded parentheses aren't allowed. See |
7253e4e3 | 4361 | L<perlre>. |
6df41af2 | 4362 | |
9da1dd8f DM |
4363 | =item Sequence (?{...}) not terminated with ')' |
4364 | ||
be149b43 DM |
4365 | (F) The end of the perl code contained within the {...} must be |
4366 | followed immediately by a ')'. | |
9da1dd8f | 4367 | |
d7201950 | 4368 | =item Z<>500 Server error |
6df41af2 GS |
4369 | |
4370 | See Server error. | |
4371 | ||
a5f75d66 AD |
4372 | =item Server error |
4373 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
4374 | (A) This is the error message generally seen in a browser window |
4375 | when trying to run a CGI program (including SSI) over the web. The | |
4376 | actual error text varies widely from server to server. The most | |
4377 | frequently-seen variants are "500 Server error", "Method (something) | |
4378 | not permitted", "Document contains no data", "Premature end of script | |
4379 | headers", and "Did not produce a valid header". | |
9607fc9c | 4380 | |
4381 | B<This is a CGI error, not a Perl error>. | |
4382 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
4383 | You need to make sure your script is executable, is accessible by |
4384 | the user CGI is running the script under (which is probably not the | |
4385 | user account you tested it under), does not rely on any environment | |
4386 | variables (like PATH) from the user it isn't running under, and isn't | |
4387 | in a location where the CGI server can't find it, basically, more or | |
4388 | less. Please see the following for more information: | |
9607fc9c | 4389 | |
06a5f41f JH |
4390 | http://www.perl.org/CGI_MetaFAQ.html |
4391 | http://www.htmlhelp.org/faq/cgifaq.html | |
4392 | http://www.w3.org/Security/Faq/ | |
a5f75d66 | 4393 | |
be94a901 GS |
4394 | You should also look at L<perlfaq9>. |
4395 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4396 | =item setegid() not implemented |
4397 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4398 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$)>, and your operating system doesn't |
4399 | support the setegid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4400 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4401 | |
4402 | =item seteuid() not implemented | |
4403 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4404 | (F) You tried to assign to C<< $> >>, and your operating system doesn't |
4405 | support the seteuid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4406 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 4407 | |
81777298 GS |
4408 | =item setpgrp can't take arguments |
4409 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4410 | (F) Your system has the setpgrp() from BSD 4.2, which takes no |
4411 | arguments, unlike POSIX setpgid(), which takes a process ID and process | |
4412 | group ID. | |
81777298 | 4413 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4414 | =item setrgid() not implemented |
4415 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4416 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$(>, and your operating system doesn't |
4417 | support the setrgid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4418 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4419 | |
4420 | =item setruid() not implemented | |
4421 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4422 | (F) You tried to assign to C<$<>, and your operating system doesn't |
4423 | support the setruid() system call (or equivalent), or at least Configure | |
4424 | didn't think so. | |
a0d0e21e | 4425 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4426 | =item setsockopt() on closed socket %s |
4427 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4428 | (W closed) You tried to set a socket option on a closed socket. Did you |
4429 | forget to check the return value of your socket() call? See | |
6df41af2 GS |
4430 | L<perlfunc/setsockopt>. |
4431 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4432 | =item shm%s not implemented |
4433 | ||
4434 | (F) You don't have System V shared memory IPC on your system. | |
4435 | ||
984200d0 YST |
4436 | =item !=~ should be !~ |
4437 | ||
4438 | (W syntax) The non-matching operator is !~, not !=~. !=~ will be | |
4439 | interpreted as the != (numeric not equal) and ~ (1's complement) | |
4440 | operators: probably not what you intended. | |
4441 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4442 | =item <> should be quotes |
4443 | ||
4444 | (F) You wrote C<< require <file> >> when you should have written | |
4445 | C<require 'file'>. | |
4446 | ||
4447 | =item /%s/ should probably be written as "%s" | |
4448 | ||
4449 | (W syntax) You have used a pattern where Perl expected to find a string, | |
be771a83 GS |
4450 | as in the first argument to C<join>. Perl will treat the true or false |
4451 | result of matching the pattern against $_ as the string, which is | |
4452 | probably not what you had in mind. | |
6df41af2 | 4453 | |
69282e91 | 4454 | =item shutdown() on closed socket %s |
a0d0e21e | 4455 | |
75b44862 GS |
4456 | (W closed) You tried to do a shutdown on a closed socket. Seems a bit |
4457 | superfluous. | |
a0d0e21e | 4458 | |
f86702cc | 4459 | =item SIG%s handler "%s" not defined |
a0d0e21e | 4460 | |
be771a83 GS |
4461 | (W signal) The signal handler named in %SIG doesn't, in fact, exist. |
4462 | Perhaps you put it into the wrong package? | |
a0d0e21e | 4463 | |
229c18ce RGS |
4464 | =item Smart matching a non-overloaded object breaks encapsulation |
4465 | ||
4466 | (F) You should not use the C<~~> operator on an object that does not | |
4467 | overload it: Perl refuses to use the object's underlying structure for | |
4468 | the smart match. | |
4469 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4470 | =item sort is now a reserved word |
4471 | ||
4472 | (F) An ancient error message that almost nobody ever runs into anymore. | |
4473 | But before sort was a keyword, people sometimes used it as a filehandle. | |
4474 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4475 | =item Sort subroutine didn't return single value |
4476 | ||
4477 | (F) A sort comparison subroutine may not return a list value with more | |
4478 | or less than one element. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
4479 | ||
f1c31c52 FC |
4480 | =item Source filters apply only to byte streams |
4481 | ||
4482 | (F) You tried to activate a source filter (usually by loading a | |
4483 | source filter module) within a string passed to C<eval>. This is | |
4484 | not permitted under the C<unicode_eval> feature. Consider using | |
4485 | C<evalbytes> instead. See L<feature>. | |
4486 | ||
8cbc2e3b JH |
4487 | =item splice() offset past end of array |
4488 | ||
4489 | (W misc) You attempted to specify an offset that was past the end of | |
fa816bf3 FC |
4490 | the array passed to splice(). Splicing will instead commence at the |
4491 | end of the array, rather than past it. If this isn't what you want, | |
4492 | try explicitly pre-extending the array by assigning $#array = $offset. | |
4493 | See L<perlfunc/splice>. | |
8cbc2e3b | 4494 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4495 | =item Split loop |
4496 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4497 | (P) The split was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a split shouldn't |
4498 | iterate more times than there are characters of input, which is what | |
6903afa2 | 4499 | happened.) See L<perlfunc/split>. |
a0d0e21e | 4500 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4501 | =item Statement unlikely to be reached |
4502 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4503 | (W exec) You did an exec() with some statement after it other than a |
4504 | die(). This is almost always an error, because exec() never returns | |
4505 | unless there was a failure. You probably wanted to use system() | |
4506 | instead, which does return. To suppress this warning, put the exec() in | |
4507 | a block by itself. | |
a0d0e21e | 4508 | |
fd1b7234 FC |
4509 | =item "state" variable %s can't be in a package |
4510 | ||
4511 | (F) Lexically scoped variables aren't in a package, so it doesn't make | |
4512 | sense to try to declare one with a package qualifier on the front. Use | |
4513 | local() if you want to localize a package variable. | |
4514 | ||
9ddeeac9 | 4515 | =item stat() on unopened filehandle %s |
6df41af2 | 4516 | |
355b1299 JH |
4517 | (W unopened) You tried to use the stat() function on a filehandle that |
4518 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
6df41af2 | 4519 | |
fe13d51d | 4520 | =item Stub found while resolving method "%s" overloading "%s" in package "%s" |
e7ea3e70 | 4521 | |
be771a83 GS |
4522 | (P) Overloading resolution over @ISA tree may be broken by importation |
4523 | stubs. Stubs should never be implicitly created, but explicit calls to | |
4524 | C<can> may break this. | |
e7ea3e70 | 4525 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4526 | =item Subroutine %s redefined |
4527 | ||
e476b1b5 | 4528 | (W redefine) You redefined a subroutine. To suppress this warning, say |
a0d0e21e LW |
4529 | |
4530 | { | |
271595cc | 4531 | no warnings 'redefine'; |
a0d0e21e LW |
4532 | eval "sub name { ... }"; |
4533 | } | |
4534 | ||
4535 | =item Substitution loop | |
4536 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4537 | (P) The substitution was looping infinitely. (Obviously, a substitution |
4538 | shouldn't iterate more times than there are characters of input, which | |
4539 | is what happened.) See the discussion of substitution in | |
5d44bfff | 4540 | L<perlop/"Regexp Quote-Like Operators">. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4541 | |
4542 | =item Substitution pattern not terminated | |
4543 | ||
d1be9408 | 4544 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 4545 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 4546 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4547 | |
4548 | =item Substitution replacement not terminated | |
4549 | ||
d1be9408 | 4550 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of an s/// or s{}{} |
a0d0e21e | 4551 | construct. Remember that bracketing delimiters count nesting level. |
fb73857a | 4552 | Missing the leading C<$> from variable C<$s> may cause this error. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4553 | |
4554 | =item substr outside of string | |
4555 | ||
8a9eb13d | 4556 | (W substr)(F) You tried to reference a substr() that pointed outside of |
be771a83 GS |
4557 | a string. That is, the absolute value of the offset was larger than the |
4558 | length of the string. See L<perlfunc/substr>. This warning is fatal if | |
4559 | substr is used in an lvalue context (as the left hand side of an | |
4560 | assignment or as a subroutine argument for example). | |
a0d0e21e | 4561 | |
bf1320bf RGS |
4562 | =item sv_upgrade from type %d down to type %d |
4563 | ||
9d277376 | 4564 | (P) Perl tried to force the upgrade of an SV to a type which was actually |
bf1320bf RGS |
4565 | inferior to its current type. |
4566 | ||
49704364 | 4567 | =item Switch (?(condition)... contains too many branches in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 4568 | |
fa816bf3 FC |
4569 | (F) A (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct can have at most |
4570 | two branches (the if-clause and the else-clause). If you want one or | |
4571 | both to contain alternation, such as using C<this|that|other>, enclose | |
4572 | it in clustering parentheses: | |
b45f050a JF |
4573 | |
4574 | (?(condition)(?:this|that|other)|else-clause) | |
4575 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
4576 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem |
4577 | was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
b45f050a | 4578 | |
49704364 | 4579 | =item Switch condition not recognized in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
b45f050a | 4580 | |
39ef1de7 | 4581 | (F) If the argument to the (?(...)if-clause|else-clause) construct is |
fa816bf3 | 4582 | a number, it can be only a number. The <-- HERE shows in the regular |
6903afa2 | 4583 | expression about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
b45f050a | 4584 | |
85ab1d1d JH |
4585 | =item switching effective %s is not implemented |
4586 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4587 | (F) While under the C<use filetest> pragma, we cannot switch the real |
4588 | and effective uids or gids. | |
85ab1d1d | 4589 | |
ae7df085 | 4590 | =item %s syntax OK |
2f7da168 RK |
4591 | |
4592 | (F) The final summary message when a C<perl -c> succeeds. | |
4593 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4594 | =item syntax error |
4595 | ||
4596 | (F) Probably means you had a syntax error. Common reasons include: | |
4597 | ||
4598 | A keyword is misspelled. | |
4599 | A semicolon is missing. | |
4600 | A comma is missing. | |
4601 | An opening or closing parenthesis is missing. | |
4602 | An opening or closing brace is missing. | |
4603 | A closing quote is missing. | |
4604 | ||
4605 | Often there will be another error message associated with the syntax | |
4606 | error giving more information. (Sometimes it helps to turn on B<-w>.) | |
4607 | The error message itself often tells you where it was in the line when | |
4608 | it decided to give up. Sometimes the actual error is several tokens | |
5f05dabc | 4609 | before this, because Perl is good at understanding random input. |
a0d0e21e LW |
4610 | Occasionally the line number may be misleading, and once in a blue moon |
4611 | the only way to figure out what's triggering the error is to call | |
4612 | C<perl -c> repeatedly, chopping away half the program each time to see | |
524e9188 | 4613 | if the error went away. Sort of the cybernetic version of S<20 questions>. |
a0d0e21e | 4614 | |
ccf3535a | 4615 | =item syntax error at line %d: '%s' unexpected |
cb1a09d0 | 4616 | |
be771a83 GS |
4617 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through the Bourne shell instead |
4618 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl | |
4619 | yourself. | |
cb1a09d0 | 4620 | |
25f58aea PN |
4621 | =item syntax error in file %s at line %d, next 2 tokens "%s" |
4622 | ||
4623 | (F) This error is likely to occur if you run a perl5 script through | |
4624 | a perl4 interpreter, especially if the next 2 tokens are "use strict" | |
4625 | or "my $var" or "our $var". | |
4626 | ||
b5fe5ca2 SR |
4627 | =item sysread() on closed filehandle %s |
4628 | ||
4629 | (W closed) You tried to read from a closed filehandle. | |
4630 | ||
4631 | =item sysread() on unopened filehandle %s | |
4632 | ||
4633 | (W unopened) You tried to read from a filehandle that was never opened. | |
4634 | ||
6087ac44 | 4635 | =item System V %s is not implemented on this machine |
a0d0e21e | 4636 | |
6087ac44 JH |
4637 | (F) You tried to do something with a function beginning with "sem", |
4638 | "shm", or "msg" but that System V IPC is not implemented in your | |
4639 | machine. In some machines the functionality can exist but be | |
4640 | unconfigured. Consult your system support. | |
a0d0e21e | 4641 | |
69282e91 | 4642 | =item syswrite() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 4643 | |
be771a83 | 4644 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 4645 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 4646 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4647 | =item C<-T> and C<-B> not implemented on filehandles |
4648 | ||
4649 | (F) Perl can't peek at the stdio buffer of filehandles when it doesn't | |
4650 | know about your kind of stdio. You'll have to use a filename instead. | |
4651 | ||
fc36a67e | 4652 | =item Target of goto is too deeply nested |
4653 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4654 | (F) You tried to use C<goto> to reach a label that was too deeply nested |
4655 | for Perl to reach. Perl is doing you a favor by refusing. | |
fc36a67e | 4656 | |
abc7ecad SP |
4657 | =item telldir() attempted on invalid dirhandle %s |
4658 | ||
4659 | (W io) The dirhandle you tried to telldir() is either closed or not really | |
4660 | a dirhandle. Check your control flow. | |
4661 | ||
c2771421 FC |
4662 | =item tell() on unopened filehandle |
4663 | ||
4664 | (W unopened) You tried to use the tell() function on a filehandle that | |
4665 | was either never opened or has since been closed. | |
4666 | ||
b82b06b8 FC |
4667 | =item That use of $[ is unsupported |
4668 | ||
4669 | (F) Assignment to C<$[> is now strictly circumscribed, and interpreted | |
4670 | as a compiler directive. You may say only one of | |
4671 | ||
4672 | $[ = 0; | |
4673 | $[ = 1; | |
4674 | ... | |
4675 | local $[ = 0; | |
4676 | local $[ = 1; | |
4677 | ... | |
4678 | ||
4679 | This is to prevent the problem of one module changing the array base out | |
4680 | from under another module inadvertently. See L<perlvar/$[> and L<arybase>. | |
4681 | ||
f86702cc | 4682 | =item The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia |
a0d0e21e LW |
4683 | |
4684 | (F) Configure couldn't find the crypt() function on your machine, | |
4685 | probably because your vendor didn't supply it, probably because they | |
8b1a09fc | 4686 | think the U.S. Government thinks it's a secret, or at least that they |
a0d0e21e LW |
4687 | will continue to pretend that it is. And if you quote me on that, I |
4688 | will deny it. | |
4689 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4690 | =item The %s function is unimplemented |
4691 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4692 | (F) The function indicated isn't implemented on this architecture, according |
6df41af2 GS |
4693 | to the probings of Configure. |
4694 | ||
5e1c7ca2 | 4695 | =item The stat preceding %s wasn't an lstat |
a0d0e21e | 4696 | |
be771a83 GS |
4697 | (F) It makes no sense to test the current stat buffer for symbolic |
4698 | linkhood if the last stat that wrote to the stat buffer already went | |
4699 | past the symlink to get to the real file. Use an actual filename | |
4700 | instead. | |
a0d0e21e | 4701 | |
371fce9b DM |
4702 | =item The 'unique' attribute may only be applied to 'our' variables |
4703 | ||
1108974d | 4704 | (F) This attribute was never supported on C<my> or C<sub> declarations. |
371fce9b | 4705 | |
437784d6 | 4706 | =item This Perl can't reset CRTL environ elements (%s) |
f675dbe5 CB |
4707 | |
4708 | =item This Perl can't set CRTL environ elements (%s=%s) | |
4709 | ||
75b44862 | 4710 | (W internal) Warnings peculiar to VMS. You tried to change or delete an |
be771a83 GS |
4711 | element of the CRTL's internal environ array, but your copy of Perl |
4712 | wasn't built with a CRTL that contained the setenv() function. You'll | |
4713 | need to rebuild Perl with a CRTL that does, or redefine | |
4714 | F<PERL_ENV_TABLES> (see L<perlvms>) so that the environ array isn't the | |
4715 | target of the change to | |
f675dbe5 CB |
4716 | %ENV which produced the warning. |
4717 | ||
6b3c7930 JH |
4718 | =item thread failed to start: %s |
4719 | ||
4447dfc1 | 4720 | (W threads)(S) The entry point function of threads->create() failed for some reason. |
6b3c7930 | 4721 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4722 | =item times not implemented |
4723 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4724 | (F) Your version of the C library apparently doesn't do times(). I |
4725 | suspect you're not running on Unix. | |
a0d0e21e | 4726 | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4727 | =item "-T" is on the #! line, it must also be used on the command line |
4728 | ||
b7e4ecc1 FC |
4729 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains |
4730 | the B<-T> option (or the B<-t> option), but Perl was not invoked with | |
4731 | B<-T> in its command line. This is an error because, by the time | |
4732 | Perl discovers a B<-T> in a script, it's too late to properly taint | |
4733 | everything from the environment. So Perl gives up. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4734 | |
4735 | If the Perl script is being executed as a command using the #! | |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
4736 | mechanism (or its local equivalent), this error can usually be |
4737 | fixed by editing the #! line so that the B<-%c> option is a part of | |
4738 | Perl's first argument: e.g. change C<perl -n -%c> to C<perl -%c -n>. | |
6d3b25aa RGS |
4739 | |
4740 | If the Perl script is being executed as C<perl scriptname>, then the | |
fe13d51d | 4741 | B<-%c> option must appear on the command line: C<perl -%c scriptname>. |
6d3b25aa | 4742 | |
3a2263fe RGS |
4743 | =item To%s: illegal mapping '%s' |
4744 | ||
4745 | (F) You tried to define a customized To-mapping for lc(), lcfirst, | |
4746 | uc(), or ucfirst() (or their string-inlined versions), but you | |
4747 | specified an illegal mapping. | |
4748 | See L<perlunicode/"User-Defined Character Properties">. | |
4749 | ||
49704364 WL |
4750 | =item Too deeply nested ()-groups |
4751 | ||
1a147d38 | 4752 | (F) Your template contains ()-groups with a ridiculously deep nesting level. |
49704364 | 4753 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4754 | =item Too few args to syscall |
4755 | ||
4756 | (F) There has to be at least one argument to syscall() to specify the | |
4757 | system call to call, silly dilly. | |
4758 | ||
96ebfdd7 RK |
4759 | =item Too late for "-%s" option |
4760 | ||
4761 | (X) The #! line (or local equivalent) in a Perl script contains the | |
4ba71d51 FC |
4762 | B<-M>, B<-m> or B<-C> option. |
4763 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
4764 | In the case of B<-M> and B<-m>, this is an error because those options |
4765 | are not intended for use inside scripts. Use the C<use> pragma instead. | |
4ba71d51 | 4766 | |
6903afa2 FC |
4767 | The B<-C> option only works if it is specified on the command line as |
4768 | well (with the same sequence of letters or numbers following). Either | |
4769 | specify this option on the command line, or, if your system supports | |
4770 | it, make your script executable and run it directly instead of passing | |
4771 | it to perl. | |
96ebfdd7 | 4772 | |
ddda08b7 GS |
4773 | =item Too late to run %s block |
4774 | ||
4775 | (W void) A CHECK or INIT block is being defined during run time proper, | |
4776 | when the opportunity to run them has already passed. Perhaps you are | |
be771a83 GS |
4777 | loading a file with C<require> or C<do> when you should be using C<use> |
4778 | instead. Or perhaps you should put the C<require> or C<do> inside a | |
4779 | BEGIN block. | |
ddda08b7 | 4780 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4781 | =item Too many args to syscall |
4782 | ||
5f05dabc | 4783 | (F) Perl supports a maximum of only 14 args to syscall(). |
a0d0e21e LW |
4784 | |
4785 | =item Too many arguments for %s | |
4786 | ||
4787 | (F) The function requires fewer arguments than you specified. | |
4788 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
4789 | =item Too many )'s |
4790 | ||
49704364 WL |
4791 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
4792 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
4793 | ||
8c40cb74 NC |
4794 | =item Too many ('s |
4795 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4796 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
4797 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 4798 | |
7253e4e3 | 4799 | =item Trailing \ in regex m/%s/ |
a0d0e21e | 4800 | |
be771a83 GS |
4801 | (F) The regular expression ends with an unbackslashed backslash. |
4802 | Backslash it. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4803 | |
2c268ad5 | 4804 | =item Transliteration pattern not terminated |
a0d0e21e LW |
4805 | |
4806 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the interior delimiter of a tr/// or tr[][] | |
fb73857a | 4807 | or y/// or y[][] construct. Missing the leading C<$> from variables |
4808 | C<$tr> or C<$y> may cause this error. | |
a0d0e21e | 4809 | |
2c268ad5 | 4810 | =item Transliteration replacement not terminated |
a0d0e21e | 4811 | |
6a36df5d YST |
4812 | (F) The lexer couldn't find the final delimiter of a tr///, tr[][], |
4813 | y/// or y[][] construct. | |
a0d0e21e | 4814 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
4815 | =item '%s' trapped by operation mask |
4816 | ||
4817 | (F) You tried to use an operator from a Safe compartment in which it's | |
6903afa2 | 4818 | disallowed. See L<Safe>. |
96ebfdd7 | 4819 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4820 | =item truncate not implemented |
4821 | ||
4822 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement a file truncation mechanism that | |
4823 | Configure knows about. | |
4824 | ||
19c481f4 FC |
4825 | =item Type of arg %d to &CORE::%s must be %s |
4826 | ||
4827 | (F) The subroutine in question in the CORE package requires its argument | |
4828 | to be a hard reference to data of the specified type. Overloading is | |
4829 | ignored, so a reference to an object that is not the specified type, but | |
4830 | nonetheless has overloading to handle it, will still not be accepted. | |
4831 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4832 | =item Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s) |
4833 | ||
4834 | (F) This function requires the argument in that position to be of a | |
8b1a09fc | 4835 | certain type. Arrays must be @NAME or C<@{EXPR}>. Hashes must be |
4836 | %NAME or C<%{EXPR}>. No implicit dereferencing is allowed--use the | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4837 | {EXPR} forms as an explicit dereference. See L<perlref>. |
4838 | ||
7ac5715b | 4839 | =item Type of argument to %s must be unblessed hashref or arrayref |
cba5a3b0 | 4840 | |
7ac5715b FC |
4841 | (F) You called C<keys>, C<values> or C<each> with a scalar argument that |
4842 | was not a reference to an unblessed hash or array. | |
cba5a3b0 | 4843 | |
eec2d3df GS |
4844 | =item umask not implemented |
4845 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4846 | (F) Your machine doesn't implement the umask function and you tried to |
4847 | use it to restrict permissions for yourself (EXPR & 0700). | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4848 | |
4849 | =item Unbalanced context: %d more PUSHes than POPs | |
4850 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4851 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4852 | many execution contexts were entered and left. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4853 | |
4854 | =item Unbalanced saves: %d more saves than restores | |
4855 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4856 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4857 | many values were temporarily localized. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4858 | |
4859 | =item Unbalanced scopes: %d more ENTERs than LEAVEs | |
4860 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4861 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4862 | many blocks were entered and left. | |
a0d0e21e | 4863 | |
6651ba0b FC |
4864 | =item Unbalanced string table refcount: (%d) for "%s" |
4865 | ||
4866 | (W internal) On exit, Perl found some strings remaining in the shared | |
4867 | string table used for copy on write and for hash keys. The entries | |
4868 | should have been freed, so this indicates a bug somewhere. | |
4869 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4870 | =item Unbalanced tmps: %d more allocs than frees |
4871 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4872 | (W internal) The exit code detected an internal inconsistency in how |
4873 | many mortal scalars were allocated and freed. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4874 | |
4875 | =item Undefined format "%s" called | |
4876 | ||
4877 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
4878 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
4879 | ||
4880 | =item Undefined sort subroutine "%s" called | |
4881 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4882 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified doesn't seem to exist. |
4883 | Perhaps it's in a different package? See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4884 | |
4885 | =item Undefined subroutine &%s called | |
4886 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4887 | (F) The subroutine indicated hasn't been defined, or if it was, it has |
4888 | since been undefined. | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4889 | |
4890 | =item Undefined subroutine called | |
4891 | ||
4892 | (F) The anonymous subroutine you're trying to call hasn't been defined, | |
4893 | or if it was, it has since been undefined. | |
4894 | ||
4895 | =item Undefined subroutine in sort | |
4896 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4897 | (F) The sort comparison routine specified is declared but doesn't seem |
4898 | to have been defined yet. See L<perlfunc/sort>. | |
a0d0e21e | 4899 | |
4633a7c4 LW |
4900 | =item Undefined top format "%s" called |
4901 | ||
4902 | (F) The format indicated doesn't seem to exist. Perhaps it's really in | |
4903 | another package? See L<perlform>. | |
4904 | ||
20408e3c GS |
4905 | =item Undefined value assigned to typeglob |
4906 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4907 | (W misc) An undefined value was assigned to a typeglob, a la |
4908 | C<*foo = undef>. This does nothing. It's possible that you really mean | |
4909 | C<undef *foo>. | |
20408e3c | 4910 | |
6df41af2 GS |
4911 | =item %s: Undefined variable |
4912 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4913 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead of Perl. |
4914 | Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into Perl yourself. | |
6df41af2 | 4915 | |
2a53d331 KW |
4916 | =item Unescaped left brace in regex is deprecated, passed through |
4917 | ||
4918 | (D) You used a literal C<"{"> character in a regular expression pattern. | |
4919 | You should change to use C<"\{"> instead, because a future version of | |
4920 | Perl (tentatively v5.20) will consider this to be a syntax error. If | |
4921 | the pattern delimiters are also braces, any matching right brace | |
4922 | (C<"}">) should also be escaped to avoid confusing the parser, for | |
4923 | example, | |
4924 | ||
4925 | qr{abc\{def\}ghi} | |
4926 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
4927 | =item unexec of %s into %s failed! |
4928 | ||
4929 | (F) The unexec() routine failed for some reason. See your local FSF | |
4930 | representative, who probably put it there in the first place. | |
4931 | ||
6651ba0b FC |
4932 | =item Unexpected constant lvalue entersub entry via type/targ %d:%d |
4933 | ||
4934 | (P) When compiling a subroutine call in lvalue context, Perl failed an | |
4935 | internal consistency check. It encountered a malformed op tree. | |
4936 | ||
0876b9a0 KW |
4937 | =item Unicode non-character U+%X is illegal for open interchange |
4938 | ||
8457b38f | 4939 | (W utf8, nonchar) Certain codepoints, such as U+FFFE and U+FFFF, are |
6903afa2 FC |
4940 | defined by the Unicode standard to be non-characters. Those are |
4941 | legal codepoints, but are reserved for internal use; so, applications | |
4942 | shouldn't attempt to exchange them. If you know what you are doing | |
4943 | you can turn off this warning by C<no warnings 'nonchar';>. | |
b45f050a | 4944 | |
c794c51b FC |
4945 | =item Unicode surrogate U+%X is illegal in UTF-8 |
4946 | ||
8457b38f | 4947 | (W utf8, surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
c794c51b FC |
4948 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
4949 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
4950 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
4951 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
4952 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
4953 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 4954 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
c794c51b | 4955 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
4956 | =item Unknown BYTEORDER |
4957 | ||
be771a83 GS |
4958 | (F) There are no byte-swapping functions for a machine with this byte |
4959 | order. | |
a0d0e21e | 4960 | |
04177465 FC |
4961 | =item Unknown error |
4962 | ||
4963 | (P) Perl was about to print an error message in C<$@>, but the C<$@> variable | |
4964 | did not exist, even after an attempt to create it. | |
4965 | ||
6170680b IZ |
4966 | =item Unknown open() mode '%s' |
4967 | ||
437784d6 | 4968 | (F) The second argument of 3-argument open() is not among the list |
c47ff5f1 | 4969 | of valid modes: C<< < >>, C<< > >>, C<<< >> >>>, C<< +< >>, |
488dad83 | 4970 | C<< +> >>, C<<< +>> >>>, C<-|>, C<|->, C<< <& >>, C<< >& >>. |
6170680b | 4971 | |
b4581f09 JH |
4972 | =item Unknown PerlIO layer "%s" |
4973 | ||
4974 | (W layer) An attempt was made to push an unknown layer onto the Perl I/O | |
4975 | system. (Layers take care of transforming data between external and | |
4976 | internal representations.) Note that some layers, such as C<mmap>, | |
4977 | are not supported in all environments. If your program didn't | |
4978 | explicitly request the failing operation, it may be the result of the | |
4979 | value of the environment variable PERLIO. | |
4980 | ||
f675dbe5 CB |
4981 | =item Unknown process %x sent message to prime_env_iter: %s |
4982 | ||
4983 | (P) An error peculiar to VMS. Perl was reading values for %ENV before | |
4984 | iterating over it, and someone else stuck a message in the stream of | |
4985 | data Perl expected. Someone's very confused, or perhaps trying to | |
4986 | subvert Perl's population of %ENV for nefarious purposes. | |
a05d7ebb | 4987 | |
2f7da168 RK |
4988 | =item Unknown "re" subpragma '%s' (known ones are: %s) |
4989 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 4990 | (W) You tried to use an unknown subpragma of the "re" pragma. |
2f7da168 | 4991 | |
0da72d5e KW |
4992 | =item Unknown regex modifier "%s" |
4993 | ||
4994 | (F) Alphanumerics immediately following the closing delimiter | |
4995 | of a regular expression pattern are interpreted by Perl as modifier | |
4996 | flags for the regex. One of the ones you specified is invalid. One way | |
4997 | this can happen is if you didn't put in white space between the end of | |
4998 | the regex and a following alphanumeric operator: | |
4999 | ||
5000 | if ($a =~ /foo/and $bar == 3) { ... } | |
5001 | ||
5002 | The C<"a"> is a valid modifier flag, but the C<"n"> is not, and raises | |
5003 | this error. Likely what was meant instead was: | |
5004 | ||
5005 | if ($a =~ /foo/ and $bar == 3) { ... } | |
5006 | ||
bcd05b94 | 5007 | =item Unknown switch condition (?(%s in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5008 | |
5009 | (F) The condition part of a (?(condition)if-clause|else-clause) construct | |
6903afa2 | 5010 | is not known. The condition must be one of the following: |
5fecf430 | 5011 | |
674f6ed9 FC |
5012 | (1) (2) ... true if 1st, 2nd, etc., capture matched |
5013 | (<NAME>) ('NAME') true if named capture matched | |
5014 | (?=...) (?<=...) true if subpattern matches | |
5015 | (?!...) (?<!...) true if subpattern fails to match | |
5016 | (?{ CODE }) true if code returns a true value | |
5017 | (R) true if evaluating inside recursion | |
5018 | (R1) (R2) ... true if directly inside capture group 1, 2, etc. | |
5019 | (R&NAME) true if directly inside named capture | |
5020 | (DEFINE) always false; for defining named subpatterns | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5021 | |
5022 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the problem was | |
5023 | discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
5024 | ||
a05d7ebb JH |
5025 | =item Unknown Unicode option letter '%c' |
5026 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 5027 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See L<perlrun> documentation |
a05d7ebb JH |
5028 | of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options. |
5029 | ||
5030 | =item Unknown Unicode option value %x | |
5031 | ||
a4a4c9e2 | 5032 | (F) You specified an unknown Unicode option. See L<perlrun> documentation |
a05d7ebb | 5033 | of the C<-C> switch for the list of known options. |
f675dbe5 | 5034 | |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
5035 | =item Unknown verb pattern '%s' in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5036 | ||
5037 | (F) You either made a typo or have incorrectly put a C<*> quantifier | |
5038 | after an open brace in your pattern. Check the pattern and review | |
5039 | L<perlre> for details on legal verb patterns. | |
5040 | ||
c2771421 FC |
5041 | =item Unknown warnings category '%s' |
5042 | ||
6903afa2 | 5043 | (F) An error issued by the C<warnings> pragma. You specified a warnings |
c2771421 FC |
5044 | category that is unknown to perl at this point. |
5045 | ||
14ef4c80 FC |
5046 | Note that if you want to enable a warnings category registered by a |
5047 | module (e.g. C<use warnings 'File::Find'>), you must have loaded this | |
5048 | module first. | |
c2771421 | 5049 | |
aec0ef10 | 5050 | =item Unmatched [ in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 5051 | |
6903afa2 | 5052 | (F) The brackets around a character class must match. If you wish to |
be771a83 | 5053 | include a closing bracket in a character class, backslash it or put it |
6903afa2 FC |
5054 | first. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the |
5055 | problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
6df41af2 | 5056 | |
aec0ef10 FC |
5057 | =item Unmatched ( in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5058 | ||
5059 | =item Unmatched ) in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5060 | |
5061 | (F) Unbackslashed parentheses must always be balanced in regular | |
6903afa2 FC |
5062 | expressions. If you're a vi user, the % key is valuable for finding |
5063 | the matching parenthesis. The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression | |
5064 | about where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5065 | |
d98d5fff | 5066 | =item Unmatched right %s bracket |
a0d0e21e | 5067 | |
be771a83 GS |
5068 | (F) The lexer counted more closing curly or square brackets than opening |
5069 | ones, so you're probably missing a matching opening bracket. As a | |
5070 | general rule, you'll find the missing one (so to speak) near the place | |
5071 | you were last editing. | |
a0d0e21e | 5072 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5073 | =item Unquoted string "%s" may clash with future reserved word |
5074 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5075 | (W reserved) You used a bareword that might someday be claimed as a |
5076 | reserved word. It's best to put such a word in quotes, or capitalize it | |
5077 | somehow, or insert an underbar into it. You might also declare it as a | |
5078 | subroutine. | |
a0d0e21e | 5079 | |
b1fc3636 | 5080 | =item Unrecognized character %s; marked by <-- HERE after %s near column %d |
a0d0e21e | 5081 | |
54310121 | 5082 | (F) The Perl parser has no idea what to do with the specified character |
b1fc3636 | 5083 | in your Perl script (or eval) near the specified column. Perhaps you tried |
356c7adf | 5084 | to run a compressed script, a binary program, or a directory as a Perl program. |
a0d0e21e | 5085 | |
4a68bf9d | 5086 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c in character class passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 5087 | |
be771a83 GS |
5088 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
5089 | recognized by Perl inside character classes. The character was | |
b224edc1 | 5090 | understood literally, but this may change in a future version of Perl. |
2628b4e0 TS |
5091 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about where the |
5092 | escape was discovered. | |
6df41af2 | 5093 | |
4a68bf9d | 5094 | =item Unrecognized escape \%c passed through |
2f7da168 | 5095 | |
2628b4e0 | 5096 | (W misc) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b224edc1 KW |
5097 | recognized by Perl. The character was understood literally, but this may |
5098 | change in a future version of Perl. | |
2f7da168 | 5099 | |
216bfc0a | 5100 | =item Unrecognized escape \%s passed through in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
6df41af2 | 5101 | |
be771a83 | 5102 | (W regexp) You used a backslash-character combination which is not |
b7e4ecc1 FC |
5103 | recognized by Perl. The character(s) were understood literally, but |
5104 | this may change in a future version of Perl. The <-- HERE shows in | |
5105 | the regular expression about where the escape was discovered. | |
6df41af2 | 5106 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5107 | =item Unrecognized signal name "%s" |
5108 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5109 | (F) You specified a signal name to the kill() function that was not |
5110 | recognized. Say C<kill -l> in your shell to see the valid signal names | |
5111 | on your system. | |
a0d0e21e | 5112 | |
90248788 | 5113 | =item Unrecognized switch: -%s (-h will show valid options) |
a0d0e21e | 5114 | |
be771a83 GS |
5115 | (F) You specified an illegal option to Perl. Don't do that. (If you |
5116 | think you didn't do that, check the #! line to see if it's supplying the | |
5117 | bad switch on your behalf.) | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5118 | |
5119 | =item Unsuccessful %s on filename containing newline | |
5120 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5121 | (W newline) A file operation was attempted on a filename, and that |
5122 | operation failed, PROBABLY because the filename contained a newline, | |
5b3eff12 | 5123 | PROBABLY because you forgot to chomp() it off. See L<perlfunc/chomp>. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5124 | |
5125 | =item Unsupported directory function "%s" called | |
5126 | ||
5127 | (F) Your machine doesn't support opendir() and readdir(). | |
5128 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5129 | =item Unsupported function %s |
5130 | ||
5131 | (F) This machine doesn't implement the indicated function, apparently. | |
5132 | At least, Configure doesn't think so. | |
5133 | ||
54310121 | 5134 | =item Unsupported function fork |
5135 | ||
5136 | (F) Your version of executable does not support forking. | |
5137 | ||
be771a83 | 5138 | Note that under some systems, like OS/2, there may be different flavors |
6903afa2 | 5139 | of Perl executables, some of which may support fork, some not. Try |
be771a83 | 5140 | changing the name you call Perl by to C<perl_>, C<perl__>, and so on. |
54310121 | 5141 | |
7aa207d6 | 5142 | =item Unsupported script encoding %s |
b250498f GS |
5143 | |
5144 | (F) Your program file begins with a Unicode Byte Order Mark (BOM) which | |
7aa207d6 | 5145 | declares it to be in a Unicode encoding that Perl cannot read. |
b250498f | 5146 | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5147 | =item Unsupported socket function "%s" called |
5148 | ||
5149 | (F) Your machine doesn't support the Berkeley socket mechanism, or at | |
5150 | least that's what Configure thought. | |
5151 | ||
6df41af2 | 5152 | =item Unterminated attribute list |
a0d0e21e | 5153 | |
be771a83 GS |
5154 | (F) The lexer found something other than a simple identifier at the |
5155 | start of an attribute, and it wasn't a semicolon or the start of a | |
5156 | block. Perhaps you terminated the parameter list of the previous | |
5157 | attribute too soon. See L<attributes>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5158 | |
09bef843 SB |
5159 | =item Unterminated attribute parameter in attribute list |
5160 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5161 | (F) The lexer saw an opening (left) parenthesis character while parsing |
5162 | an attribute list, but the matching closing (right) parenthesis | |
09bef843 SB |
5163 | character was not found. You may need to add (or remove) a backslash |
5164 | character to get your parentheses to balance. See L<attributes>. | |
5165 | ||
f1991046 GS |
5166 | =item Unterminated compressed integer |
5167 | ||
5168 | (F) An argument to unpack("w",...) was incompatible with the BER | |
5169 | compressed integer format and could not be converted to an integer. | |
5170 | See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
5171 | ||
2bf803e2 YO |
5172 | =item Unterminated \g{...} pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5173 | ||
5174 | (F) You missed a close brace on a \g{..} pattern (group reference) in | |
fa816bf3 | 5175 | a regular expression. Fix the pattern and retry. |
e2e6a0f1 | 5176 | |
6df41af2 | 5177 | =item Unterminated <> operator |
09bef843 | 5178 | |
6df41af2 | 5179 | (F) The lexer saw a left angle bracket in a place where it was expecting |
be771a83 GS |
5180 | a term, so it's looking for the corresponding right angle bracket, and |
5181 | not finding it. Chances are you left some needed parentheses out | |
5182 | earlier in the line, and you really meant a "less than". | |
09bef843 | 5183 | |
905fe053 FC |
5184 | =item Unterminated verb pattern argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5185 | ||
5186 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB:ARG)> but did not terminate | |
6903afa2 | 5187 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. |
905fe053 FC |
5188 | |
5189 | =item Unterminated verb pattern in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
5190 | ||
5191 | (F) You used a pattern of the form C<(*VERB)> but did not terminate | |
6903afa2 | 5192 | the pattern with a C<)>. Fix the pattern and retry. |
905fe053 | 5193 | |
6df41af2 | 5194 | =item untie attempted while %d inner references still exist |
a0d0e21e | 5195 | |
be771a83 GS |
5196 | (W untie) A copy of the object returned from C<tie> (or C<tied>) was |
5197 | still valid when C<untie> was called. | |
a0d0e21e | 5198 | |
8e11cd2b JC |
5199 | =item Usage: POSIX::%s(%s) |
5200 | ||
5201 | (F) You called a POSIX function with incorrect arguments. | |
5202 | See L<POSIX/FUNCTIONS> for more information. | |
5203 | ||
5204 | =item Usage: Win32::%s(%s) | |
5205 | ||
5206 | (F) You called a Win32 function with incorrect arguments. | |
5207 | See L<Win32> for more information. | |
5208 | ||
89474f50 FC |
5209 | =item $[ used in %s (did you mean $] ?) |
5210 | ||
5211 | (W syntax) You used C<$[> in a comparison, such as: | |
5212 | ||
5213 | if ($[ > 5.006) { | |
5214 | ... | |
5215 | } | |
5216 | ||
5217 | You probably meant to use C<$]> instead. C<$[> is the base for indexing | |
5218 | arrays. C<$]> is the Perl version number in decimal. | |
5219 | ||
8fe85e3f FC |
5220 | =item Useless assignment to a temporary |
5221 | ||
5222 | (W misc) You assigned to an lvalue subroutine, but what | |
5223 | the subroutine returned was a temporary scalar about to | |
5224 | be discarded, so the assignment had no effect. | |
5225 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5226 | =item Useless (?-%s) - don't use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9d1d55b5 | 5227 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5228 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?-o) that has no |
5229 | meaning unless removed from the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 5230 | |
96ebfdd7 | 5231 | if ($string =~ /(?-o)$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
5232 | |
5233 | must be written as | |
5234 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5235 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
5236 | |
5237 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
6903afa2 | 5238 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9d1d55b5 | 5239 | |
b4581f09 JH |
5240 | =item Useless localization of %s |
5241 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
5242 | (W syntax) The localization of lvalues such as C<local($x=10)> is legal, |
5243 | but in fact the local() currently has no effect. This may change at | |
b4581f09 JH |
5244 | some point in the future, but in the meantime such code is discouraged. |
5245 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5246 | =item Useless (?%s) - use /%s modifier in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
9d1d55b5 | 5247 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5248 | (W regexp) You have used an internal modifier such as (?o) that has no |
5249 | meaning unless applied to the entire regexp: | |
9d1d55b5 | 5250 | |
96ebfdd7 | 5251 | if ($string =~ /(?o)$pattern/) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
5252 | |
5253 | must be written as | |
5254 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5255 | if ($string =~ /$pattern/o) { ... } |
9d1d55b5 JP |
5256 | |
5257 | The <-- HERE shows in the regular expression about | |
6903afa2 | 5258 | where the problem was discovered. See L<perlre>. |
9d1d55b5 | 5259 | |
b08e453b RB |
5260 | =item Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator |
5261 | ||
5262 | (W misc) You have used the /d modifier where the searchlist has the | |
6903afa2 | 5263 | same length as the replacelist. See L<perlop> for more information |
b08e453b RB |
5264 | about the /d modifier. |
5265 | ||
820438b1 FC |
5266 | =item Useless use of \E |
5267 | ||
5268 | (W misc) You have a \E in a double-quotish string without a C<\U>, | |
5269 | C<\L> or C<\Q> preceding it. | |
5270 | ||
6df41af2 | 5271 | =item Useless use of %s in void context |
a0d0e21e | 5272 | |
75b44862 | 5273 | (W void) You did something without a side effect in a context that does |
be771a83 GS |
5274 | nothing with the return value, such as a statement that doesn't return a |
5275 | value from a block, or the left side of a scalar comma operator. Very | |
5276 | often this points not to stupidity on your part, but a failure of Perl | |
5277 | to parse your program the way you thought it would. For example, you'd | |
5278 | get this if you mixed up your C precedence with Python precedence and | |
5279 | said | |
a0d0e21e | 5280 | |
6df41af2 | 5281 | $one, $two = 1, 2; |
748a9306 | 5282 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5283 | when you meant to say |
5284 | ||
5285 | ($one, $two) = (1, 2); | |
5286 | ||
5287 | Another common error is to use ordinary parentheses to construct a list | |
5288 | reference when you should be using square or curly brackets, for | |
5289 | example, if you say | |
5290 | ||
5291 | $array = (1,2); | |
5292 | ||
5293 | when you should have said | |
5294 | ||
5295 | $array = [1,2]; | |
5296 | ||
5297 | The square brackets explicitly turn a list value into a scalar value, | |
5298 | while parentheses do not. So when a parenthesized list is evaluated in | |
5299 | a scalar context, the comma is treated like C's comma operator, which | |
5300 | throws away the left argument, which is not what you want. See | |
5301 | L<perlref> for more on this. | |
5302 | ||
65191a1e BS |
5303 | This warning will not be issued for numerical constants equal to 0 or 1 |
5304 | since they are often used in statements like | |
5305 | ||
4358a253 | 5306 | 1 while sub_with_side_effects(); |
65191a1e BS |
5307 | |
5308 | String constants that would normally evaluate to 0 or 1 are warned | |
5309 | about. | |
5310 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5311 | =item Useless use of "re" pragma |
5312 | ||
6903afa2 | 5313 | (W) You did C<use re;> without any arguments. That isn't very useful. |
6df41af2 | 5314 | |
a801c63c RGS |
5315 | =item Useless use of sort in scalar context |
5316 | ||
5317 | (W void) You used sort in scalar context, as in : | |
5318 | ||
5319 | my $x = sort @y; | |
5320 | ||
5321 | This is not very useful, and perl currently optimizes this away. | |
5322 | ||
de4864e4 JH |
5323 | =item Useless use of %s with no values |
5324 | ||
f87c3213 | 5325 | (W syntax) You used the push() or unshift() function with no arguments |
6903afa2 FC |
5326 | apart from the array, like C<push(@x)> or C<unshift(@foo)>. That won't |
5327 | usually have any effect on the array, so is completely useless. It's | |
de4864e4 | 5328 | possible in principle that push(@tied_array) could have some effect |
6903afa2 | 5329 | if the array is tied to a class which implements a PUSH method. If so, |
de4864e4 JH |
5330 | you can write it as C<push(@tied_array,())> to avoid this warning. |
5331 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5332 | =item "use" not allowed in expression |
5333 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5334 | (F) The "use" keyword is recognized and executed at compile time, and |
5335 | returns no useful value. See L<perlmod>. | |
748a9306 | 5336 | |
36b2db7e FC |
5337 | =item Use of assignment to $[ is deprecated |
5338 | ||
5339 | (D deprecated) The C<$[> variable (index of the first element in an array) | |
6903afa2 | 5340 | is deprecated. See L<perlvar/"$[">. |
36b2db7e | 5341 | |
c47ff5f1 | 5342 | =item Use of bare << to mean <<"" is deprecated |
4633a7c4 | 5343 | |
8ab8f082 | 5344 | (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the explicitly quoted |
83ce3e12 RGS |
5345 | form if you wish to use an empty line as the terminator of the here-document. |
5346 | ||
5347 | =item Use of comma-less variable list is deprecated | |
5348 | ||
8ab8f082 | 5349 | (D deprecated) The values you give to a format should be |
83ce3e12 | 5350 | separated by commas, not just aligned on a line. |
4633a7c4 | 5351 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5352 | =item Use of chdir('') or chdir(undef) as chdir() deprecated |
5353 | ||
5354 | (D deprecated) chdir() with no arguments is documented to change to | |
5355 | $ENV{HOME} or $ENV{LOGDIR}. chdir(undef) and chdir('') share this | |
5356 | behavior, but that has been deprecated. In future versions they | |
5357 | will simply fail. | |
5358 | ||
5359 | Be careful to check that what you pass to chdir() is defined and not | |
5360 | blank, else you might find yourself in your home directory. | |
5361 | ||
64e578a2 MJD |
5362 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless in s/// |
5363 | ||
5364 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier in a substitution. The /c | |
5365 | modifier is not presently meaningful in substitutions. | |
5366 | ||
4ac733c9 MJD |
5367 | =item Use of /c modifier is meaningless without /g |
5368 | ||
5369 | (W regexp) You used the /c modifier with a regex operand, but didn't | |
5370 | use the /g modifier. Currently, /c is meaningful only when /g is | |
5371 | used. (This may change in the future.) | |
5372 | ||
2dc78664 | 5373 | =item Use of := for an empty attribute list is not allowed |
036e1e65 | 5374 | |
2dc78664 NC |
5375 | (F) The construction C<my $x := 42> used to parse as equivalent to |
5376 | C<my $x : = 42> (applying an empty attribute list to C<$x>). | |
5377 | This construct was deprecated in 5.12.0, and has now been made a syntax | |
5378 | error, so C<:=> can be reclaimed as a new operator in the future. | |
5379 | ||
5380 | If you need an empty attribute list, for example in a code generator, add | |
5381 | a space before the C<=>. | |
036e1e65 | 5382 | |
b6c83531 | 5383 | =item Use of freed value in iteration |
2f7da168 | 5384 | |
b6c83531 JH |
5385 | (F) Perhaps you modified the iterated array within the loop? |
5386 | This error is typically caused by code like the following: | |
2f7da168 RK |
5387 | |
5388 | @a = (3,4); | |
5389 | @a = () for (1,2,@a); | |
5390 | ||
5391 | You are not supposed to modify arrays while they are being iterated over. | |
5392 | For speed and efficiency reasons, Perl internally does not do full | |
5393 | reference-counting of iterated items, hence deleting such an item in the | |
5394 | middle of an iteration causes Perl to see a freed value. | |
5395 | ||
39b99f21 | 5396 | =item Use of *glob{FILEHANDLE} is deprecated |
5397 | ||
5398 | (D deprecated) You are now encouraged to use the shorter *glob{IO} form | |
5399 | to access the filehandle slot within a typeglob. | |
5400 | ||
96ebfdd7 | 5401 | =item Use of /g modifier is meaningless in split |
35ae6b54 | 5402 | |
96ebfdd7 RK |
5403 | (W regexp) You used the /g modifier on the pattern for a C<split> |
5404 | operator. Since C<split> always tries to match the pattern | |
5405 | repeatedly, the C</g> has no effect. | |
35ae6b54 | 5406 | |
0b98bec9 RGS |
5407 | =item Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated |
5408 | ||
5409 | (D deprecated) Using C<goto> to jump from an outer scope into an inner | |
5410 | scope is deprecated and should be avoided. | |
5411 | ||
dc848c6f | 5412 | =item Use of inherited AUTOLOAD for non-method %s() is deprecated |
5413 | ||
1da25648 FC |
5414 | (D deprecated) As an (ahem) accidental feature, C<AUTOLOAD> |
5415 | subroutines are looked up as methods (using the C<@ISA> hierarchy) | |
5416 | even when the subroutines to be autoloaded were called as plain | |
5417 | functions (e.g. C<Foo::bar()>), not as methods (e.g. C<< Foo->bar() >> or | |
5418 | C<< $obj->bar() >>). | |
dc848c6f | 5419 | |
be771a83 GS |
5420 | This bug will be rectified in future by using method lookup only for |
5421 | methods' C<AUTOLOAD>s. However, there is a significant base of existing | |
5422 | code that may be using the old behavior. So, as an interim step, Perl | |
5423 | currently issues an optional warning when non-methods use inherited | |
5424 | C<AUTOLOAD>s. | |
dc848c6f | 5425 | |
5426 | The simple rule is: Inheritance will not work when autoloading | |
be771a83 GS |
5427 | non-methods. The simple fix for old code is: In any module that used |
5428 | to depend on inheriting C<AUTOLOAD> for non-methods from a base class | |
5429 | named C<BaseClass>, execute C<*AUTOLOAD = \&BaseClass::AUTOLOAD> during | |
5430 | startup. | |
dc848c6f | 5431 | |
be771a83 GS |
5432 | In code that currently says C<use AutoLoader; @ISA = qw(AutoLoader);> |
5433 | you should remove AutoLoader from @ISA and change C<use AutoLoader;> to | |
7b8d334a | 5434 | C<use AutoLoader 'AUTOLOAD';>. |
fb73857a | 5435 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5436 | =item Use of %s in printf format not supported |
5437 | ||
5438 | (F) You attempted to use a feature of printf that is accessible from | |
5439 | only C. This usually means there's a better way to do it in Perl. | |
5440 | ||
6df41af2 GS |
5441 | =item Use of %s is deprecated |
5442 | ||
75b44862 | 5443 | (D deprecated) The construct indicated is no longer recommended for use, |
be771a83 GS |
5444 | generally because there's a better way to do it, and also because the |
5445 | old way has bad side effects. | |
6df41af2 | 5446 | |
5a7abfcc FC |
5447 | =item Use of -l on filehandle %s |
5448 | ||
5449 | (W io) A filehandle represents an opened file, and when you opened the file | |
5450 | it already went past any symlink you are presumably trying to look for. | |
5451 | The operation returned C<undef>. Use a filename instead. | |
5452 | ||
7c7df812 FC |
5453 | =item Use of %s on a handle without * is deprecated |
5454 | ||
22d6fc57 | 5455 | (D deprecated) You used C<tie>, C<tied> or C<untie> on a scalar but that scalar |
fa816bf3 | 5456 | happens to hold a typeglob, which means its filehandle will be tied. If |
22d6fc57 FC |
5457 | you mean to tie a handle, use an explicit * as in C<tie *$handle>. |
5458 | ||
5459 | This was a long-standing bug that was removed in Perl 5.16, as there was | |
5460 | no way to tie the scalar itself when it held a typeglob, and no way to | |
5461 | untie a scalar that had had a typeglob assigned to it. If you see this | |
5462 | message, you must be using an older version. | |
7c7df812 | 5463 | |
905fe053 FC |
5464 | =item Use of ?PATTERN? without explicit operator is deprecated |
5465 | ||
5466 | (D deprecated) You have written something like C<?\w?>, for a regular | |
5467 | expression that matches only once. Starting this term directly with | |
5468 | the question mark delimiter is now deprecated, so that the question mark | |
5469 | will be available for use in new operators in the future. Write C<m?\w?> | |
5470 | instead, explicitly using the C<m> operator: the question mark delimiter | |
5471 | still invokes match-once behaviour. | |
5472 | ||
1f1cc344 | 5473 | =item Use of reference "%s" as array index |
d804643f | 5474 | |
77b96956 | 5475 | (W misc) You tried to use a reference as an array index; this probably |
1f1cc344 JH |
5476 | isn't what you mean, because references in numerical context tend |
5477 | to be huge numbers, and so usually indicates programmer error. | |
d804643f | 5478 | |
64977eb6 | 5479 | If you really do mean it, explicitly numify your reference, like so: |
1f1cc344 | 5480 | C<$array[0+$ref]>. This warning is not given for overloaded objects, |
54e0f05c | 5481 | however, because you can overload the numification and stringification |
c69ca1d4 | 5482 | operators and then you presumably know what you are doing. |
d804643f | 5483 | |
85b81015 LW |
5484 | =item Use of reserved word "%s" is deprecated |
5485 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5486 | (D deprecated) The indicated bareword is a reserved word. Future |
5487 | versions of perl may use it as a keyword, so you're better off either | |
5488 | explicitly quoting the word in a manner appropriate for its context of | |
5489 | use, or using a different name altogether. The warning can be | |
5490 | suppressed for subroutine names by either adding a C<&> prefix, or using | |
5491 | a package qualifier, e.g. C<&our()>, or C<Foo::our()>. | |
85b81015 | 5492 | |
bbd7eb8a RD |
5493 | =item Use of tainted arguments in %s is deprecated |
5494 | ||
159f47d9 | 5495 | (W taint, deprecated) You have supplied C<system()> or C<exec()> with multiple |
bbd7eb8a RD |
5496 | arguments and at least one of them is tainted. This used to be allowed |
5497 | but will become a fatal error in a future version of perl. Untaint your | |
5498 | arguments. See L<perlsec>. | |
5499 | ||
cc95b072 | 5500 | =item Use of uninitialized value%s |
a0d0e21e | 5501 | |
be771a83 GS |
5502 | (W uninitialized) An undefined value was used as if it were already |
5503 | defined. It was interpreted as a "" or a 0, but maybe it was a mistake. | |
5504 | To suppress this warning assign a defined value to your variables. | |
a0d0e21e | 5505 | |
6903afa2 FC |
5506 | To help you figure out what was undefined, perl will try to tell you |
5507 | the name of the variable (if any) that was undefined. In some cases | |
5508 | it cannot do this, so it also tells you what operation you used the | |
5509 | undefined value in. Note, however, that perl optimizes your program | |
5510 | anid the operation displayed in the warning may not necessarily appear | |
5511 | literally in your program. For example, C<"that $foo"> is usually | |
5512 | optimized into C<"that " . $foo>, and the warning will refer to the | |
5513 | C<concatenation (.)> operator, even though there is no C<.> in | |
5514 | your program. | |
e5be4a53 | 5515 | |
a1063b2d RH |
5516 | =item Using a hash as a reference is deprecated |
5517 | ||
496a33f5 | 5518 | (D deprecated) You tried to use a hash as a reference, as in |
1b1f1335 | 5519 | C<< %foo->{"bar"} >> or C<< %$ref->{"hello"} >>. Versions of perl <= 5.6.1 |
6903afa2 FC |
5520 | used to allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now |
5521 | deprecated, and will be removed in a future version. | |
a1063b2d RH |
5522 | |
5523 | =item Using an array as a reference is deprecated | |
5524 | ||
496a33f5 | 5525 | (D deprecated) You tried to use an array as a reference, as in |
1b1f1335 | 5526 | C<< @foo->[23] >> or C<< @$ref->[99] >>. Versions of perl <= 5.6.1 used to |
6903afa2 FC |
5527 | allow this syntax, but shouldn't have. It is now deprecated, |
5528 | and will be removed in a future version. | |
a1063b2d | 5529 | |
ff3f963a KW |
5530 | =item Using just the first character returned by \N{} in character class |
5531 | ||
5532 | (W) A charnames handler may return a sequence of more than one character. | |
5533 | Currently all but the first one are discarded when used in a regular | |
5534 | expression pattern bracketed character class. | |
5535 | ||
c794c51b FC |
5536 | =item Using !~ with %s doesn't make sense |
5537 | ||
5538 | (F) Using the C<!~> operator with C<s///r>, C<tr///r> or C<y///r> is | |
5539 | currently reserved for future use, as the exact behaviour has not | |
6903afa2 | 5540 | been decided. (Simply returning the boolean opposite of the |
c794c51b | 5541 | modified string is usually not particularly useful.) |
0876b9a0 | 5542 | |
949cf498 KW |
5543 | =item UTF-16 surrogate U+%X |
5544 | ||
8457b38f | 5545 | (W utf8, surrogate) You had a UTF-16 surrogate in a context where they are |
949cf498 KW |
5546 | not considered acceptable. These code points, between U+D800 and |
5547 | U+DFFF (inclusive), are used by Unicode only for UTF-16. However, Perl | |
5548 | internally allows all unsigned integer code points (up to the size limit | |
5549 | available on your platform), including surrogates. But these can cause | |
5550 | problems when being input or output, which is likely where this message | |
5551 | came from. If you really really know what you are doing you can turn | |
8457b38f | 5552 | off this warning by C<no warnings 'surrogate';>. |
9466bab6 | 5553 | |
68dc0745 | 5554 | =item Value of %s can be "0"; test with defined() |
a6006777 | 5555 | |
75b44862 | 5556 | (W misc) In a conditional expression, you used <HANDLE>, <*> (glob), |
be771a83 GS |
5557 | C<each()>, or C<readdir()> as a boolean value. Each of these constructs |
5558 | can return a value of "0"; that would make the conditional expression | |
5559 | false, which is probably not what you intended. When using these | |
5560 | constructs in conditional expressions, test their values with the | |
5561 | C<defined> operator. | |
a6006777 | 5562 | |
f675dbe5 CB |
5563 | =item Value of CLI symbol "%s" too long |
5564 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5565 | (W misc) A warning peculiar to VMS. Perl tried to read the value of an |
5566 | %ENV element from a CLI symbol table, and found a resultant string | |
5567 | longer than 1024 characters. The return value has been truncated to | |
5568 | 1024 characters. | |
f675dbe5 | 5569 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5570 | =item Variable "%s" is not available |
44a8e56a | 5571 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5572 | (W closure) During compilation, an inner named subroutine or eval is |
5573 | attempting to capture an outer lexical that is not currently available. | |
6903afa2 | 5574 | This can happen for one of two reasons. First, the outer lexical may be |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5575 | declared in an outer anonymous subroutine that has not yet been created. |
5576 | (Remember that named subs are created at compile time, while anonymous | |
6903afa2 | 5577 | subs are created at run-time.) For example, |
44a8e56a | 5578 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5579 | sub { my $a; sub f { $a } } |
44a8e56a | 5580 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5581 | At the time that f is created, it can't capture the current value of $a, |
6903afa2 | 5582 | since the anonymous subroutine hasn't been created yet. Conversely, |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5583 | the following won't give a warning since the anonymous subroutine has by |
5584 | now been created and is live: | |
be771a83 | 5585 | |
b5c19bd7 DM |
5586 | sub { my $a; eval 'sub f { $a }' }->(); |
5587 | ||
5588 | The second situation is caused by an eval accessing a variable that has | |
5589 | gone out of scope, for example, | |
5590 | ||
5591 | sub f { | |
5592 | my $a; | |
5593 | sub { eval '$a' } | |
5594 | } | |
5595 | f()->(); | |
5596 | ||
5597 | Here, when the '$a' in the eval is being compiled, f() is not currently being | |
5598 | executed, so its $a is not available for capture. | |
44a8e56a | 5599 | |
b4581f09 JH |
5600 | =item Variable "%s" is not imported%s |
5601 | ||
413ff9f6 FC |
5602 | (W misc) With "use strict" in effect, you referred to a global variable |
5603 | that you apparently thought was imported from another module, because | |
b4581f09 JH |
5604 | something else of the same name (usually a subroutine) is exported by |
5605 | that module. It usually means you put the wrong funny character on the | |
5606 | front of your variable. | |
5607 | ||
aec0ef10 | 5608 | =item Variable length lookbehind not implemented in regex m/%s/ |
b4581f09 JH |
5609 | |
5610 | (F) Lookbehind is allowed only for subexpressions whose length is fixed and | |
58e23c8d | 5611 | known at compile time. See L<perlre>. |
b4581f09 JH |
5612 | |
5613 | =item "%s" variable %s masks earlier declaration in same %s | |
5614 | ||
b9cc85ad FC |
5615 | (W misc) A "my", "our" or "state" variable has been redeclared in the |
5616 | current scope or statement, effectively eliminating all access to the | |
5617 | previous instance. This is almost always a typographical error. Note | |
5618 | that the earlier variable will still exist until the end of the scope | |
5619 | or until all closure referents to it are destroyed. | |
b4581f09 | 5620 | |
6df41af2 GS |
5621 | =item Variable syntax |
5622 | ||
5623 | (A) You've accidentally run your script through B<csh> instead | |
5624 | of Perl. Check the #! line, or manually feed your script into | |
5625 | Perl yourself. | |
5626 | ||
44a8e56a | 5627 | =item Variable "%s" will not stay shared |
5628 | ||
be771a83 | 5629 | (W closure) An inner (nested) I<named> subroutine is referencing a |
b5c19bd7 | 5630 | lexical variable defined in an outer named subroutine. |
44a8e56a | 5631 | |
b5c19bd7 | 5632 | When the inner subroutine is called, it will see the value of |
be771a83 GS |
5633 | the outer subroutine's variable as it was before and during the *first* |
5634 | call to the outer subroutine; in this case, after the first call to the | |
5635 | outer subroutine is complete, the inner and outer subroutines will no | |
5636 | longer share a common value for the variable. In other words, the | |
5637 | variable will no longer be shared. | |
44a8e56a | 5638 | |
44a8e56a | 5639 | This problem can usually be solved by making the inner subroutine |
5640 | anonymous, using the C<sub {}> syntax. When inner anonymous subs that | |
b5c19bd7 | 5641 | reference variables in outer subroutines are created, they |
be771a83 | 5642 | are automatically rebound to the current values of such variables. |
44a8e56a | 5643 | |
6651ba0b FC |
5644 | =item vector argument not supported with alpha versions |
5645 | ||
5646 | (W internal) The %vd (s)printf format does not support version objects | |
5647 | with alpha parts. | |
5648 | ||
e2e6a0f1 YO |
5649 | =item Verb pattern '%s' has a mandatory argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ |
5650 | ||
6903afa2 FC |
5651 | (F) You used a verb pattern that requires an argument. Supply an |
5652 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. | |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
5653 | |
5654 | =item Verb pattern '%s' may not have an argument in regex; marked by <-- HERE in m/%s/ | |
5655 | ||
6903afa2 | 5656 | (F) You used a verb pattern that is not allowed an argument. Remove the |
e2e6a0f1 YO |
5657 | argument or check that you are using the right verb. |
5658 | ||
084610c0 GS |
5659 | =item Version number must be a constant number |
5660 | ||
5661 | (P) The attempt to translate a C<use Module n.n LIST> statement into | |
5662 | its equivalent C<BEGIN> block found an internal inconsistency with | |
5663 | the version number. | |
5664 | ||
808ee47e SP |
5665 | =item Version string '%s' contains invalid data; ignoring: '%s' |
5666 | ||
32e998fd RGS |
5667 | (W misc) The version string contains invalid characters at the end, which |
5668 | are being ignored. | |
808ee47e | 5669 | |
7e1af8bc | 5670 | =item Warning: something's wrong |
5f05dabc | 5671 | |
5672 | (W) You passed warn() an empty string (the equivalent of C<warn "">) or | |
ec8bb14c | 5673 | you called it with no args and C<$@> was empty. |
5f05dabc | 5674 | |
f86702cc | 5675 | =item Warning: unable to close filehandle %s properly |
a0d0e21e | 5676 | |
be771a83 GS |
5677 | (S) The implicit close() done by an open() got an error indication on |
5678 | the close(). This usually indicates your file system ran out of disk | |
5679 | space. | |
a0d0e21e | 5680 | |
5f05dabc | 5681 | =item Warning: Use of "%s" without parentheses is ambiguous |
a0d0e21e | 5682 | |
be771a83 GS |
5683 | (S ambiguous) You wrote a unary operator followed by something that |
5684 | looks like a binary operator that could also have been interpreted as a | |
5685 | term or unary operator. For instance, if you know that the rand | |
5686 | function has a default argument of 1.0, and you write | |
a0d0e21e LW |
5687 | |
5688 | rand + 5; | |
5689 | ||
5690 | you may THINK you wrote the same thing as | |
5691 | ||
5692 | rand() + 5; | |
5693 | ||
5694 | but in actual fact, you got | |
5695 | ||
5696 | rand(+5); | |
5697 | ||
5f05dabc | 5698 | So put in parentheses to say what you really mean. |
a0d0e21e | 5699 | |
4b3603a4 JH |
5700 | =item Wide character in %s |
5701 | ||
c8f79457 | 5702 | (S utf8) Perl met a wide character (>255) when it wasn't expecting |
cd28123a JH |
5703 | one. This warning is by default on for I/O (like print). The easiest |
5704 | way to quiet this warning is simply to add the C<:utf8> layer to the | |
5705 | output, e.g. C<binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'>. Another way to turn off the | |
5706 | warning is to add C<no warnings 'utf8';> but that is often closer to | |
5707 | cheating. In general, you are supposed to explicitly mark the | |
5708 | filehandle with an encoding, see L<open> and L<perlfunc/binmode>. | |
4b3603a4 | 5709 | |
49704364 WL |
5710 | =item Within []-length '%c' not allowed |
5711 | ||
fa816bf3 FC |
5712 | (F) The count in the (un)pack template may be replaced by C<[TEMPLATE]> |
5713 | only if C<TEMPLATE> always matches the same amount of packed bytes that | |
5714 | can be determined from the template alone. This is not possible if | |
5715 | it contains any of the codes @, /, U, u, w or a *-length. Redesign | |
5716 | the template. | |
49704364 | 5717 | |
9a7dcd9c | 5718 | =item write() on closed filehandle %s |
a0d0e21e | 5719 | |
be771a83 | 5720 | (W closed) The filehandle you're writing to got itself closed sometime |
c289d2f7 | 5721 | before now. Check your control flow. |
a0d0e21e | 5722 | |
9ae3ac1a | 5723 | =item %s "\x%X" does not map to Unicode |
b4581f09 | 5724 | |
a4a4c9e2 | 5725 | (F) When reading in different encodings Perl tries to map everything |
b4581f09 JH |
5726 | into Unicode characters. The bytes you read in are not legal in |
5727 | this encoding, for example | |
5728 | ||
5729 | utf8 "\xE4" does not map to Unicode | |
5730 | ||
5731 | if you try to read in the a-diaereses Latin-1 as UTF-8. | |
5732 | ||
49704364 | 5733 | =item 'X' outside of string |
a0d0e21e | 5734 | |
49704364 WL |
5735 | (F) You had a (un)pack template that specified a relative position before |
5736 | the beginning of the string being (un)packed. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
a0d0e21e | 5737 | |
49704364 | 5738 | =item 'x' outside of string in unpack |
a0d0e21e LW |
5739 | |
5740 | (F) You had a pack template that specified a relative position after | |
5741 | the end of the string being unpacked. See L<perlfunc/pack>. | |
5742 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5743 | =item YOU HAVEN'T DISABLED SET-ID SCRIPTS IN THE KERNEL YET! |
5744 | ||
5f05dabc | 5745 | (F) And you probably never will, because you probably don't have the |
a0d0e21e | 5746 | sources to your kernel, and your vendor probably doesn't give a rip |
1b1f1335 | 5747 | about what you want. Your best bet is to put a setuid C wrapper around |
496a33f5 | 5748 | your script. |
a0d0e21e LW |
5749 | |
5750 | =item You need to quote "%s" | |
5751 | ||
be771a83 GS |
5752 | (W syntax) You assigned a bareword as a signal handler name. |
5753 | Unfortunately, you already have a subroutine of that name declared, | |
5754 | which means that Perl 5 will try to call the subroutine when the | |
5755 | assignment is executed, which is probably not what you want. (If it IS | |
5756 | what you want, put an & in front.) | |
a0d0e21e | 5757 | |
6cfd5ea7 JH |
5758 | =item Your random numbers are not that random |
5759 | ||
5760 | (F) When trying to initialise the random seed for hashes, Perl could | |
5761 | not get any randomness out of your system. This usually indicates | |
5762 | Something Very Wrong. | |
5763 | ||
a0d0e21e LW |
5764 | =back |
5765 | ||
00eb3f2b RGS |
5766 | =head1 SEE ALSO |
5767 | ||
ed3f9c4f | 5768 | L<warnings>, L<perllexwarn>, L<diagnostics>. |
00eb3f2b | 5769 | |
56e90b21 | 5770 | =cut |