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a0d0e21e 1/* handy.h
a687059c 2 *
4bb101f2 3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1999,
acde74e1 4 * 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005, 2006, by Larry Wall and others
a687059c 5 *
6e21c824
LW		 6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8d063cd8 8 *
8d063cd8
LW		 9 */
10
85e6fe83 11#if !defined(__STDC__)
378cc40b
LW		 12#ifdef NULL
13#undef NULL
14#endif
a687059c
LW		 15#ifndef I286
16# define NULL 0
17#else
18# define NULL 0L
19#endif
85e6fe83
LW		 20#endif
21
378cc40b 22#define Null(type) ((type)NULL)
954c1994
GS		 23
24/*
ccfc67b7 25=head1 Handy Values
954c1994 26
3609ea0d 27=for apidoc AmU||Nullch
ccfc67b7 28Null character pointer.
2307c6d0 29
954c1994
GS		 30=for apidoc AmU||Nullsv
31Null SV pointer.
32
33=cut
34*/
35
8d063cd8 36#define Nullch Null(char*)
760ac839 37#define Nullfp Null(PerlIO*)
79072805 38#define Nullsv Null(SV*)
8d063cd8 39
641d3f0b 40#ifdef TRUE
41#undef TRUE
42#endif
43#ifdef FALSE
44#undef FALSE
45#endif
46#define TRUE (1)
47#define FALSE (0)
48
27d4fb96 49
50/* XXX Configure ought to have a test for a boolean type, if I can
51 just figure out all the headers such a test needs.
52 Andy Dougherty August 1996
53*/
8e84507e 54/* bool is built-in for g++-2.6.3 and later, which might be used
c1d22f6b
GS		 55 for extensions. <_G_config.h> defines _G_HAVE_BOOL, but we can't
56 be sure _G_config.h will be included before this file. _G_config.h
8e84507e 57 also defines _G_HAVE_BOOL for both gcc and g++, but only g++
c1d22f6b
GS		 58 actually has bool. Hence, _G_HAVE_BOOL is pretty useless for us.
59 g++ can be identified by __GNUG__.
60 Andy Dougherty February 2000
5d94fbed 61*/
3609ea0d 62#ifdef __GNUG__ /* GNU g++ has bool built-in */
5d94fbed 63# ifndef HAS_BOOL
c1d22f6b 64# define HAS_BOOL 1
5d94fbed 65# endif
5d94fbed
AD		 66#endif
67
641d3f0b 68/* The NeXT dynamic loader headers will not build with the bool macro
69 So declare them now to clear confusion.
70*/
8f1f23e8 71#if defined(NeXT) || defined(__NeXT__)
641d3f0b 72# undef FALSE
73# undef TRUE
74 typedef enum bool { FALSE = 0, TRUE = 1 } bool;
75# define ENUM_BOOL 1
76# ifndef HAS_BOOL
77# define HAS_BOOL 1
78# endif /* !HAS_BOOL */
8f1f23e8 79#endif /* NeXT || __NeXT__ */
641d3f0b 80
5d94fbed 81#ifndef HAS_BOOL
61bb5906 82# if defined(UTS) || defined(VMS)
5d94fbed
AD		 83# define bool int
84# else
85# define bool char
86# endif
c1d22f6b 87# define HAS_BOOL 1
a687059c 88#endif
0d3e774c 89
46c6c7e2 90/* Try to figure out __func__ or __FUNCTION__ equivalent, if any.
e352bcff
JH		 91 * XXX Should really be a Configure probe, with HAS__FUNCTION__
92 * and FUNCTION__ as results.
93 * XXX Similarly, a Configure probe for __FILE__ and __LINE__ is needed. */
46c6c7e2
JH		 94#if (defined(__STDC_VERSION__) && __STDC_VERSION__ >= 199901L) || (defined(__SUNPRO_C)) /* C99 or close enough. */
95# define FUNCTION__ __func__
96#else
97# if (defined(_MSC_VER) && _MSC_VER < 1300) || /* Pre-MSVC 7.0 has neither __func__ nor __FUNCTION and no good workarounds, either. */ \
be73ebb0 98 (defined(__DECC_VER)) /* Tru64 or VMS, and strict C89 being used, but not modern enough cc (in Tur64, -c99 not known, only -std1). */
46c6c7e2
JH		 99# define FUNCTION__ ""
100# else
101# define FUNCTION__ __FUNCTION__ /* Common extension. */
102# endif
103#endif
104
27d4fb96 105/* XXX A note on the perl source internal type system. The
106 original intent was that I32 be *exactly* 32 bits.
107
108 Currently, we only guarantee that I32 is *at least* 32 bits.
109 Specifically, if int is 64 bits, then so is I32. (This is the case
110 for the Cray.) This has the advantage of meshing nicely with
111 standard library calls (where we pass an I32 and the library is
112 expecting an int), but the disadvantage that an I32 is not 32 bits.
113 Andy Dougherty August 1996
24fef2a7 114
dc45a647
MB		 115 There is no guarantee that there is *any* integral type with
116 exactly 32 bits. It is perfectly legal for a system to have
117 sizeof(short) == sizeof(int) == sizeof(long) == 8.
693762b4 118
dc45a647
MB		 119 Similarly, there is no guarantee that I16 and U16 have exactly 16
120 bits.
693762b4 121
8e84507e
NIS		 122 For dealing with issues that may arise from various 32/64-bit
123 systems, we will ask Configure to check out
8175356b 124
3609ea0d
JH		 125 SHORTSIZE == sizeof(short)
126 INTSIZE == sizeof(int)
127 LONGSIZE == sizeof(long)
dc45a647 128 LONGLONGSIZE == sizeof(long long) (if HAS_LONG_LONG)
3609ea0d 129 PTRSIZE == sizeof(void *)
dc45a647
MB		 130 DOUBLESIZE == sizeof(double)
131 LONG_DOUBLESIZE == sizeof(long double) (if HAS_LONG_DOUBLE).
8175356b 132
27d4fb96 133*/
134
69512466
JH		 135#ifdef I_INTTYPES /* e.g. Linux has int64_t without <inttypes.h> */
136# include <inttypes.h>
dd0eed91
JH		 137# ifdef INT32_MIN_BROKEN
138# undef INT32_MIN
139# define INT32_MIN (-2147483647-1)
140# endif
141# ifdef INT64_MIN_BROKEN
142# undef INT64_MIN
143# define INT64_MIN (-9223372036854775807LL-1)
144# endif
69512466
JH		 145#endif
146
8175356b
JH		 147typedef I8TYPE I8;
148typedef U8TYPE U8;
149typedef I16TYPE I16;
150typedef U16TYPE U16;
151typedef I32TYPE I32;
152typedef U32TYPE U32;
6b8eaf93
JH		 153#ifdef PERL_CORE
154# ifdef HAS_QUAD
8175356b
JH		 155typedef I64TYPE I64;
156typedef U64TYPE U64;
6b8eaf93
JH		 157# endif
158#endif /* PERL_CORE */
8175356b 159
69512466
JH		 160#if defined(HAS_QUAD) && defined(USE_64_BIT_INT)
161# ifndef UINT64_C /* usually from <inttypes.h> */
162# if defined(HAS_LONG_LONG) && QUADKIND == QUAD_IS_LONG_LONG
163# define INT64_C(c) CAT2(c,LL)
164# define UINT64_C(c) CAT2(c,ULL)
165# else
166# if LONGSIZE == 8 && QUADKIND == QUAD_IS_LONG
167# define INT64_C(c) CAT2(c,L)
168# define UINT64_C(c) CAT2(c,UL)
169# else
170# define INT64_C(c) ((I64TYPE)(c))
171# define UINT64_C(c) ((U64TYPE)(c))
172# endif
173# endif
e8c95190
JH		 174# endif
175#endif
dc750f2e 176
cae3d67c 177/* HMB H.Merijn Brand - a placeholder for preparing Configure patches */
4f5da3e9 178#if defined(HAS_MALLOC_SIZE) && defined(HAS_SNPRINTF) && defined(HAS_VSNPRINTF)
cae3d67c 179/* Not (yet) used at top level, but mention them for metaconfig */
dc750f2e 180#endif
e8c95190 181
a22e52b9
JH		 182/* Mention I8SIZE, U8SIZE, I16SIZE, U16SIZE, I32SIZE, U32SIZE,
183 I64SIZE, and U64SIZE here so that metaconfig pulls them in. */
184
d8668976 185#if defined(UINT8_MAX) && defined(INT16_MAX) && defined(INT32_MAX)
5ff3f7a4 186
5ff3f7a4
GS		 187/* I8_MAX and I8_MIN constants are not defined, as I8 is an ambiguous type.
188 Please search CHAR_MAX in perl.h for further details. */
189#define U8_MAX UINT8_MAX
190#define U8_MIN UINT8_MIN
191
5ff3f7a4
GS		 192#define I16_MAX INT16_MAX
193#define I16_MIN INT16_MIN
194#define U16_MAX UINT16_MAX
195#define U16_MIN UINT16_MIN
196
5ff3f7a4
GS		 197#define I32_MAX INT32_MAX
198#define I32_MIN INT32_MIN
0e983133
GS		 199#ifndef UINT32_MAX_BROKEN /* e.g. HP-UX with gcc messes this up */
200# define U32_MAX UINT32_MAX
201#else
202# define U32_MAX 4294967295U
203#endif
5ff3f7a4
GS		 204#define U32_MIN UINT32_MIN
205
206#else
207
5c9fa16e
KA		 208/* I8_MAX and I8_MIN constants are not defined, as I8 is an ambiguous type.
209 Please search CHAR_MAX in perl.h for further details. */
27d4fb96 210#define U8_MAX PERL_UCHAR_MAX
211#define U8_MIN PERL_UCHAR_MIN
79072805 212
27d4fb96 213#define I16_MAX PERL_SHORT_MAX
214#define I16_MIN PERL_SHORT_MIN
215#define U16_MAX PERL_USHORT_MAX
216#define U16_MIN PERL_USHORT_MIN
79072805 217
c4f23d77 218#if LONGSIZE > 4
27d4fb96 219# define I32_MAX PERL_INT_MAX
220# define I32_MIN PERL_INT_MIN
221# define U32_MAX PERL_UINT_MAX
222# define U32_MIN PERL_UINT_MIN
79072805 223#else
27d4fb96 224# define I32_MAX PERL_LONG_MAX
225# define I32_MIN PERL_LONG_MIN
226# define U32_MAX PERL_ULONG_MAX
227# define U32_MIN PERL_ULONG_MIN
79072805
LW		 228#endif
229
5ff3f7a4
GS		 230#endif
231
58a9a5d5 232/* log(2) is pretty close to 0.30103, just in case anyone is grepping for it */
fc36a67e 233#define BIT_DIGITS(N) (((N)*146)/485 + 1) /* log2(10) =~ 146/485 */
234#define TYPE_DIGITS(T) BIT_DIGITS(sizeof(T) * 8)
235#define TYPE_CHARS(T) (TYPE_DIGITS(T) + 2) /* sign, NUL */
236
ff68c719 237#define Ctl(ch) ((ch) & 037)
8d063cd8 238
65177ae0 239/* concatenating with "" ensures that only literal strings are accepted as argument */
2efa8cc7
GA		 240#define STR_WITH_LEN(s) (s ""), (sizeof(s)-1)
241
ba3a79e7
GA		 242/* note that STR_WITH_LEN() can't be used as argument to macros or functions that
243 * under some configurations might be macros, which means that it requires the full
244 * Perl_xxx(aTHX_ ...) form for any API calls where it's used.
245 */
246
247/* STR_WITH_LEN() shortcuts */
248#define newSVpvs(str) Perl_newSVpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
249#define newSVpvs_share(str) Perl_newSVpvn_share(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), 0)
250#define sv_catpvs(sv, str) Perl_sv_catpvn_flags(aTHX_ sv, STR_WITH_LEN(str), SV_GMAGIC)
251#define savepvs(str) Perl_savepvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str))
252#define gv_stashpvs(str, create) Perl_gv_stashpvn(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(str), create)
5c1737d1 253#define gv_fetchpvs(namebeg, add, sv_type) Perl_gv_fetchpvn_flags(aTHX_ STR_WITH_LEN(namebeg), add, sv_type)
a4fc7abc 254#define hv_fetchs(hv,key,lval) Perl_hv_fetch(aTHX_ hv, STR_WITH_LEN(key), lval)
ba3a79e7 255
5c1737d1 256
954c1994 257/*
ccfc67b7
JH		 258=head1 Miscellaneous Functions
259
954c1994
GS		 260=for apidoc Am|bool|strNE|char* s1|char* s2
261Test two strings to see if they are different. Returns true or
262false.
263
264=for apidoc Am|bool|strEQ|char* s1|char* s2
265Test two strings to see if they are equal. Returns true or false.
266
267=for apidoc Am|bool|strLT|char* s1|char* s2
268Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than the second,
269C<s2>. Returns true or false.
270
271=for apidoc Am|bool|strLE|char* s1|char* s2
272Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is less than or equal to the
273second, C<s2>. Returns true or false.
274
275=for apidoc Am|bool|strGT|char* s1|char* s2
276Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than the second,
277C<s2>. Returns true or false.
278
279=for apidoc Am|bool|strGE|char* s1|char* s2
280Test two strings to see if the first, C<s1>, is greater than or equal to
281the second, C<s2>. Returns true or false.
282
283=for apidoc Am|bool|strnNE|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
284Test two strings to see if they are different. The C<len> parameter
285indicates the number of bytes to compare. Returns true or false. (A
286wrapper for C<strncmp>).
287
288=for apidoc Am|bool|strnEQ|char* s1|char* s2|STRLEN len
289Test two strings to see if they are equal. The C<len> parameter indicates
290the number of bytes to compare. Returns true or false. (A wrapper for
291C<strncmp>).
292
293=cut
294*/
295
8d063cd8
LW		 296#define strNE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2))
297#define strEQ(s1,s2) (!strcmp(s1,s2))
298#define strLT(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) < 0)
299#define strLE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) <= 0)
300#define strGT(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) > 0)
301#define strGE(s1,s2) (strcmp(s1,s2) >= 0)
302#define strnNE(s1,s2,l) (strncmp(s1,s2,l))
303#define strnEQ(s1,s2,l) (!strncmp(s1,s2,l))
378cc40b 304
36477c24 305#ifdef HAS_MEMCMP
306# define memNE(s1,s2,l) (memcmp(s1,s2,l))
307# define memEQ(s1,s2,l) (!memcmp(s1,s2,l))
308#else
309# define memNE(s1,s2,l) (bcmp(s1,s2,l))
310# define memEQ(s1,s2,l) (!bcmp(s1,s2,l))
311#endif
312
bbce6d69 313/*
314 * Character classes.
315 *
316 * Unfortunately, the introduction of locales means that we
317 * can't trust isupper(), etc. to tell the truth. And when
318 * it comes to /\w+/ with tainting enabled, we *must* be able
319 * to trust our character classes.
320 *
321 * Therefore, the default tests in the text of Perl will be
322 * independent of locale. Any code that wants to depend on
323 * the current locale will use the tests that begin with "lc".
324 */
325
2304df62
AD		 326#ifdef HAS_SETLOCALE /* XXX Is there a better test for this? */
327# ifndef CTYPE256
328# define CTYPE256
329# endif
330#endif
331
954c1994 332/*
ccfc67b7
JH		 333
334=head1 Character classes
335
954c1994 336=for apidoc Am|bool|isALNUM|char ch
4375e838 337Returns a boolean indicating whether the C C<char> is an ASCII alphanumeric
f1cbbd6e 338character (including underscore) or digit.
954c1994
GS		 339
340=for apidoc Am|bool|isALPHA|char ch
4375e838 341Returns a boolean indicating whether the C C<char> is an ASCII alphabetic
954c1994
GS		 342character.
343
344=for apidoc Am|bool|isSPACE|char ch
345Returns a boolean indicating whether the C C<char> is whitespace.
346
347=for apidoc Am|bool|isDIGIT|char ch
4375e838 348Returns a boolean indicating whether the C C<char> is an ASCII
954c1994
GS		 349digit.
350
351=for apidoc Am|bool|isUPPER|char ch
352Returns a boolean indicating whether the C C<char> is an uppercase
353character.
354
355=for apidoc Am|bool|isLOWER|char ch
356Returns a boolean indicating whether the C C<char> is a lowercase
357character.
358
359=for apidoc Am|char|toUPPER|char ch
360Converts the specified character to uppercase.
361
362=for apidoc Am|char|toLOWER|char ch
363Converts the specified character to lowercase.
364
365=cut
366*/
367
bbce6d69 368#define isALNUM(c) (isALPHA(c) || isDIGIT(c) || (c) == '_')
369#define isIDFIRST(c) (isALPHA(c) || (c) == '_')
370#define isALPHA(c) (isUPPER(c) || isLOWER(c))
371#define isSPACE(c) \
372 ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t' || (c) == '\n' || (c) =='\r' || (c) == '\f')
aaa51d5e
JF		 373#define isPSXSPC(c) (isSPACE(c) || (c) == '\v')
374#define isBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
bbce6d69 375#define isDIGIT(c) ((c) >= '0' && (c) <= '9')
9d116dd7
JH		 376#ifdef EBCDIC
377 /* In EBCDIC we do not do locales: therefore() isupper() is fine. */
378# define isUPPER(c) isupper(c)
379# define isLOWER(c) islower(c)
b8c5462f
JH		 380# define isALNUMC(c) isalnum(c)
381# define isASCII(c) isascii(c)
382# define isCNTRL(c) iscntrl(c)
383# define isGRAPH(c) isgraph(c)
9d116dd7 384# define isPRINT(c) isprint(c)
b8c5462f
JH		 385# define isPUNCT(c) ispunct(c)
386# define isXDIGIT(c) isxdigit(c)
9d116dd7
JH		 387# define toUPPER(c) toupper(c)
388# define toLOWER(c) tolower(c)
389#else
390# define isUPPER(c) ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'Z')
391# define isLOWER(c) ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'z')
b8c5462f
JH		 392# define isALNUMC(c) (isALPHA(c) || isDIGIT(c))
393# define isASCII(c) ((c) <= 127)
7be5a6cf 394# define isCNTRL(c) ((c) < ' ' || (c) == 127)
b8c5462f 395# define isGRAPH(c) (isALNUM(c) || isPUNCT(c))
f79b3095 396# define isPRINT(c) (((c) > 32 && (c) < 127) || (c) == ' ')
b8c5462f 397# define isPUNCT(c) (((c) >= 33 && (c) <= 47) || ((c) >= 58 && (c) <= 64) || ((c) >= 91 && (c) <= 96) || ((c) >= 123 && (c) <= 126))
c302d089 398# define isXDIGIT(c) (isDIGIT(c) || ((c) >= 'a' && (c) <= 'f') || ((c) >= 'A' && (c) <= 'F'))
9d116dd7
JH		 399# define toUPPER(c) (isLOWER(c) ? (c) - ('a' - 'A') : (c))
400# define toLOWER(c) (isUPPER(c) ? (c) + ('a' - 'A') : (c))
401#endif
bbce6d69 402
403#ifdef USE_NEXT_CTYPE
404
405# define isALNUM_LC(c) \
37bd1396 406 (NXIsAlNum((unsigned int)(c)) || (char)(c) == '_')
ff68c719 407# define isIDFIRST_LC(c) \
408 (NXIsAlpha((unsigned int)(c)) || (char)(c) == '_')
409# define isALPHA_LC(c) NXIsAlpha((unsigned int)(c))
410# define isSPACE_LC(c) NXIsSpace((unsigned int)(c))
411# define isDIGIT_LC(c) NXIsDigit((unsigned int)(c))
412# define isUPPER_LC(c) NXIsUpper((unsigned int)(c))
413# define isLOWER_LC(c) NXIsLower((unsigned int)(c))
37bd1396 414# define isALNUMC_LC(c) NXIsAlNum((unsigned int)(c))
b8c5462f
JH		 415# define isCNTRL_LC(c) NXIsCntrl((unsigned int)(c))
416# define isGRAPH_LC(c) NXIsGraph((unsigned int)(c))
ff68c719 417# define isPRINT_LC(c) NXIsPrint((unsigned int)(c))
b8c5462f 418# define isPUNCT_LC(c) NXIsPunct((unsigned int)(c))
ff68c719 419# define toUPPER_LC(c) NXToUpper((unsigned int)(c))
420# define toLOWER_LC(c) NXToLower((unsigned int)(c))
bbce6d69 421
422#else /* !USE_NEXT_CTYPE */
b8c5462f 423
bbce6d69 424# if defined(CTYPE256) || (!defined(isascii) && !defined(HAS_ISASCII))
425
b8c5462f 426# define isALNUM_LC(c) (isalnum((unsigned char)(c)) || (char)(c) == '_')
ff68c719 427# define isIDFIRST_LC(c) (isalpha((unsigned char)(c)) || (char)(c) == '_')
bbce6d69 428# define isALPHA_LC(c) isalpha((unsigned char)(c))
429# define isSPACE_LC(c) isspace((unsigned char)(c))
430# define isDIGIT_LC(c) isdigit((unsigned char)(c))
431# define isUPPER_LC(c) isupper((unsigned char)(c))
432# define isLOWER_LC(c) islower((unsigned char)(c))
b8c5462f
JH		 433# define isALNUMC_LC(c) isalnum((unsigned char)(c))
434# define isCNTRL_LC(c) iscntrl((unsigned char)(c))
435# define isGRAPH_LC(c) isgraph((unsigned char)(c))
bbce6d69 436# define isPRINT_LC(c) isprint((unsigned char)(c))
b8c5462f 437# define isPUNCT_LC(c) ispunct((unsigned char)(c))
bbce6d69 438# define toUPPER_LC(c) toupper((unsigned char)(c))
439# define toLOWER_LC(c) tolower((unsigned char)(c))
440
441# else
442
3609ea0d 443# define isALNUM_LC(c) (isascii(c) && (isalnum(c) || (c) == '_'))
bbce6d69 444# define isIDFIRST_LC(c) (isascii(c) && (isalpha(c) || (c) == '_'))
445# define isALPHA_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isalpha(c))
446# define isSPACE_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isspace(c))
447# define isDIGIT_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isdigit(c))
448# define isUPPER_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isupper(c))
449# define isLOWER_LC(c) (isascii(c) && islower(c))
b8c5462f
JH		 450# define isALNUMC_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isalnum(c))
451# define isCNTRL_LC(c) (isascii(c) && iscntrl(c))
452# define isGRAPH_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isgraph(c))
bbce6d69 453# define isPRINT_LC(c) (isascii(c) && isprint(c))
b8c5462f 454# define isPUNCT_LC(c) (isascii(c) && ispunct(c))
bbce6d69 455# define toUPPER_LC(c) toupper(c)
456# define toLOWER_LC(c) tolower(c)
457
458# endif
a0d0e21e 459#endif /* USE_NEXT_CTYPE */
55204971 460
aaa51d5e
JF		 461#define isPSXSPC_LC(c) (isSPACE_LC(c) || (c) == '\v')
462#define isBLANK_LC(c) isBLANK(c) /* could be wrong */
463
a0ed51b3
LW		 464#define isALNUM_uni(c) is_uni_alnum(c)
465#define isIDFIRST_uni(c) is_uni_idfirst(c)
466#define isALPHA_uni(c) is_uni_alpha(c)
467#define isSPACE_uni(c) is_uni_space(c)
468#define isDIGIT_uni(c) is_uni_digit(c)
469#define isUPPER_uni(c) is_uni_upper(c)
470#define isLOWER_uni(c) is_uni_lower(c)
b8c5462f
JH		 471#define isALNUMC_uni(c) is_uni_alnumc(c)
472#define isASCII_uni(c) is_uni_ascii(c)
473#define isCNTRL_uni(c) is_uni_cntrl(c)
474#define isGRAPH_uni(c) is_uni_graph(c)
a0ed51b3 475#define isPRINT_uni(c) is_uni_print(c)
b8c5462f
JH		 476#define isPUNCT_uni(c) is_uni_punct(c)
477#define isXDIGIT_uni(c) is_uni_xdigit(c)
a2a2844f
JH		 478#define toUPPER_uni(c,s,l) to_uni_upper(c,s,l)
479#define toTITLE_uni(c,s,l) to_uni_title(c,s,l)
480#define toLOWER_uni(c,s,l) to_uni_lower(c,s,l)
b8d68ded 481#define toFOLD_uni(c,s,l) to_uni_fold(c,s,l)
a0ed51b3 482
aaa51d5e
JF		 483#define isPSXSPC_uni(c) (isSPACE_uni(c) ||(c) == '\f')
484#define isBLANK_uni(c) isBLANK(c) /* could be wrong */
485
9041c2e3
NIS		 486#define isALNUM_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isALNUM_LC(c) : is_uni_alnum_lc(c))
487#define isIDFIRST_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isIDFIRST_LC(c) : is_uni_idfirst_lc(c))
488#define isALPHA_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isALPHA_LC(c) : is_uni_alpha_lc(c))
489#define isSPACE_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isSPACE_LC(c) : is_uni_space_lc(c))
490#define isDIGIT_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isDIGIT_LC(c) : is_uni_digit_lc(c))
491#define isUPPER_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isUPPER_LC(c) : is_uni_upper_lc(c))
492#define isLOWER_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isLOWER_LC(c) : is_uni_lower_lc(c))
493#define isALNUMC_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isALNUMC_LC(c) : is_uni_alnumc_lc(c))
494#define isCNTRL_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isCNTRL_LC(c) : is_uni_cntrl_lc(c))
495#define isGRAPH_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isGRAPH_LC(c) : is_uni_graph_lc(c))
496#define isPRINT_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isPRINT_LC(c) : is_uni_print_lc(c))
497#define isPUNCT_LC_uvchr(c) (c < 256 ? isPUNCT_LC(c) : is_uni_punct_lc(c))
a0ed51b3 498
aaa51d5e
JF		 499#define isPSXSPC_LC_uni(c) (isSPACE_LC_uni(c) ||(c) == '\f')
500#define isBLANK_LC_uni(c) isBLANK(c) /* could be wrong */
501
a0ed51b3 502#define isALNUM_utf8(p) is_utf8_alnum(p)
82686b01
JH		 503/* The ID_Start of Unicode is quite limiting: it assumes a L-class
504 * character (meaning that you cannot have, say, a CJK character).
505 * Instead, let's allow ID_Continue but not digits. */
506#define isIDFIRST_utf8(p) (is_utf8_idcont(p) && !is_utf8_digit(p))
a0ed51b3
LW		 507#define isALPHA_utf8(p) is_utf8_alpha(p)
508#define isSPACE_utf8(p) is_utf8_space(p)
509#define isDIGIT_utf8(p) is_utf8_digit(p)
510#define isUPPER_utf8(p) is_utf8_upper(p)
511#define isLOWER_utf8(p) is_utf8_lower(p)
b8c5462f
JH		 512#define isALNUMC_utf8(p) is_utf8_alnumc(p)
513#define isASCII_utf8(p) is_utf8_ascii(p)
514#define isCNTRL_utf8(p) is_utf8_cntrl(p)
515#define isGRAPH_utf8(p) is_utf8_graph(p)
a0ed51b3 516#define isPRINT_utf8(p) is_utf8_print(p)
b8c5462f
JH		 517#define isPUNCT_utf8(p) is_utf8_punct(p)
518#define isXDIGIT_utf8(p) is_utf8_xdigit(p)
a2a2844f
JH		 519#define toUPPER_utf8(p,s,l) to_utf8_upper(p,s,l)
520#define toTITLE_utf8(p,s,l) to_utf8_title(p,s,l)
521#define toLOWER_utf8(p,s,l) to_utf8_lower(p,s,l)
a0ed51b3 522
aaa51d5e
JF		 523#define isPSXSPC_utf8(c) (isSPACE_utf8(c) ||(c) == '\f')
524#define isBLANK_utf8(c) isBLANK(c) /* could be wrong */
525
9041c2e3
NIS		 526#define isALNUM_LC_utf8(p) isALNUM_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
527#define isIDFIRST_LC_utf8(p) isIDFIRST_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
528#define isALPHA_LC_utf8(p) isALPHA_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
529#define isSPACE_LC_utf8(p) isSPACE_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
530#define isDIGIT_LC_utf8(p) isDIGIT_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
531#define isUPPER_LC_utf8(p) isUPPER_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
532#define isLOWER_LC_utf8(p) isLOWER_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
533#define isALNUMC_LC_utf8(p) isALNUMC_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
534#define isCNTRL_LC_utf8(p) isCNTRL_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
535#define isGRAPH_LC_utf8(p) isGRAPH_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
536#define isPRINT_LC_utf8(p) isPRINT_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
537#define isPUNCT_LC_utf8(p) isPUNCT_LC_uvchr(utf8_to_uvchr(p, 0))
a0ed51b3 538
aaa51d5e
JF		 539#define isPSXSPC_LC_utf8(c) (isSPACE_LC_utf8(c) ||(c) == '\f')
540#define isBLANK_LC_utf8(c) isBLANK(c) /* could be wrong */
541
9d116dd7 542#ifdef EBCDIC
20b634c2
JH		 543# ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
544# define toCTRL(c) Perl_ebcdic_control(aTHX_ c)
545# else
546# define toCTRL Perl_ebcdic_control
547# endif
9d116dd7
JH		 548#else
549 /* This conversion works both ways, strangely enough. */
550# define toCTRL(c) (toUPPER(c) ^ 64)
551#endif
bbce6d69 552
dea28490
JJ		 553/* Line numbers are unsigned, 32 bits. */
554typedef U32 line_t;
dea28490 555#define NOLINE ((line_t) 4294967295UL)
378cc40b 556
8c52afec 557
8e84507e 558/*
ccfc67b7
JH		 559=head1 Memory Management
560
a02a5408 561=for apidoc Am|void|Newx|void* ptr|int nitems|type
954c1994
GS		 562The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function.
563
c5008215
JC		 564In 5.9.3, Newx() and friends replace the older New() API, and drops
565the first parameter, I<x>, a debug aid which allowed callers to identify
37b8b4c9 566themselves. This aid has been superseded by a new build option,
c5008215
JC		 567PERL_MEM_LOG (see L<perlhack/PERL_MEM_LOG>). The older API is still
568there for use in XS modules supporting older perls.
569
a02a5408 570=for apidoc Am|void|Newxc|void* ptr|int nitems|type|cast
954c1994 571The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function, with
c5008215 572cast. See also C<Newx>.
954c1994 573
a02a5408 574=for apidoc Am|void|Newxz|void* ptr|int nitems|type
954c1994 575The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<malloc> function. The allocated
c5008215 576memory is zeroed with C<memzero>. See also C<Newx>.
a02a5408 577
954c1994
GS		 578=for apidoc Am|void|Renew|void* ptr|int nitems|type
579The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<realloc> function.
580
581=for apidoc Am|void|Renewc|void* ptr|int nitems|type|cast
582The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<realloc> function, with
583cast.
584
49b8b560 585=for apidoc Am|void|Safefree|void* ptr
954c1994
GS		 586The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<free> function.
587
588=for apidoc Am|void|Move|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
589The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<memmove> function. The C<src> is the
590source, C<dest> is the destination, C<nitems> is the number of items, and C<type> is
591the type. Can do overlapping moves. See also C<Copy>.
592
e90e2364
NC		 593=for apidoc Am|void *|MoveD|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
594Like C<Move> but returns dest. Useful for encouraging compilers to tail-call
595optimise.
596
954c1994
GS		 597=for apidoc Am|void|Copy|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
598The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<memcpy> function. The C<src> is the
599source, C<dest> is the destination, C<nitems> is the number of items, and C<type> is
600the type. May fail on overlapping copies. See also C<Move>.
601
e90e2364
NC		 602=for apidoc Am|void *|CopyD|void* src|void* dest|int nitems|type
603
604Like C<Copy> but returns dest. Useful for encouraging compilers to tail-call
605optimise.
606
954c1994
GS		 607=for apidoc Am|void|Zero|void* dest|int nitems|type
608
609The XSUB-writer's interface to the C C<memzero> function. The C<dest> is the
610destination, C<nitems> is the number of items, and C<type> is the type.
611
e90e2364
NC		 612=for apidoc Am|void *|ZeroD|void* dest|int nitems|type
613
614Like C<Zero> but returns dest. Useful for encouraging compilers to tail-call
615optimise.
616
954c1994 617=for apidoc Am|void|StructCopy|type src|type dest|type
4375e838 618This is an architecture-independent macro to copy one structure to another.
954c1994 619
7e337ee0
JH		 620=for apidoc Am|void|PoisonWith|void* dest|int nitems|type|U8 byte
621
622Fill up memory with a byte pattern (a byte repeated over and over
623again) that hopefully catches attempts to access uninitialized memory.
624
625=for apidoc Am|void|PoisonNew|void* dest|int nitems|type
626
627PoisonWith(0xAB) for catching access to allocated but uninitialized memory.
628
629=for apidoc Am|void|Poison|void* dest|int nitems|type
630
631PoisonWith(0xEF) for catching access to freed memory.
632
9965345d
JH		 633=for apidoc Am|void|Poison|void* dest|int nitems|type
634
7e337ee0 635PoisonWith(0xEF) for catching access to freed memory.
9965345d
JH		 636
637=cut */
954c1994 638
561b68a9
SH		 639/* Maintained for backwards-compatibility only. Use newSV() instead. */
640#ifndef PERL_CORE
ff06c60c 641#define NEWSV(x,len) newSV(len)
561b68a9 642#endif
ff06c60c 643
27d5b266 644#ifdef PERL_MALLOC_WRAP
fabdb6c0 645#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK(n,t) MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(n,t,PL_memory_wrap)
27d5b266 646#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(n,t,a) \
bb7a0f54 647 (void)(sizeof(t) > 1 && (MEM_SIZE)(n) > ((MEM_SIZE)~0)/sizeof(t) && (Perl_croak_nocontext(a),0))
8b44ba4c 648#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_WRAP_CHECK(n,t),
27d5b266 649
6fff79ce 650#define PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP(n) ((void)(((n) > (MEM_SIZE)~0 - 2 * PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM) ? (Perl_croak_nocontext(PL_memory_wrap),0):0),((n-1+PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM)&~((MEM_SIZE)PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM-1)))
1936d2a7 651
27d5b266
JH		 652#else
653
410319be
NC		 654#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK(n,t)
655#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(n,t,a)
656#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_2(n,t,a,b)
8b44ba4c
NC		 657#define MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t)
658
6fff79ce 659#define PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP(n) (((n-1+PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM)&~((MEM_SIZE)PERL_STRLEN_ROUNDUP_QUANTUM-1)))
27d5b266 660
1936d2a7 661#endif
8b44ba4c 662
fe4f188c 663#ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
46c6c7e2 664/*
9f653bb5 665 * If PERL_MEM_LOG is defined, all Newx()s, Renew()s, and Safefree()s
46c6c7e2
JH		 666 * go through functions, which are handy for debugging breakpoints, but
667 * which more importantly get the immediate calling environment (file and
e352bcff
JH		 668 * line number, and C function name if available) passed in. This info can
669 * then be used for logging the calls, for which one gets a sample
670 * implementation if PERL_MEM_LOG_STDERR is defined.
3609ea0d 671 *
46c6c7e2
JH		 672 * Known problems:
673 * - all memory allocs do not get logged, only those
674 * that go through Newx() and derivatives (while all
675 * Safefrees do get logged)
676 * - __FILE__ and __LINE__ do not work everywhere
677 * - __func__ or __FUNCTION__ even less so
678 * - I think more goes on after the perlio frees but
679 * the thing is that STDERR gets closed (as do all
680 * the file descriptors)
681 * - no deeper calling stack than the caller of the Newx()
682 * or the kind, but do I look like a C reflection/introspection
683 * utility to you?
684 * - the function prototypes for the logging functions
685 * probably should maybe be somewhere else than handy.h
686 * - one could consider inlining (macrofying) the logging
687 * for speed, but I am too lazy
688 * - one could imagine recording the allocations in a hash,
689 * (keyed by the allocation address?), and maintain that
690 * through reallocs and frees, but how to do that without
691 * any News() happening...?
692 */
693
694Malloc_t Perl_mem_log_alloc(const UV n, const UV typesize, const char *typename, Malloc_t newalloc, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname);
695
696Malloc_t Perl_mem_log_realloc(const UV n, const UV typesize, const char *typename, Malloc_t oldalloc, Malloc_t newalloc, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname);
697
698Malloc_t Perl_mem_log_free(Malloc_t oldalloc, const char *filename, const int linenumber, const char *funcname);
699
fe4f188c
JH		 700#endif
701
702#ifdef PERL_MEM_LOG
46c6c7e2
JH		 703#define MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,a) Perl_mem_log_alloc(n,sizeof(t),STRINGIFY(t),a,__FILE__,__LINE__,FUNCTION__)
704#define MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,a) Perl_mem_log_realloc(n,sizeof(t),STRINGIFY(t),v,a,__FILE__,__LINE__,FUNCTION__)
705#define MEM_LOG_FREE(a) Perl_mem_log_free(a,__FILE__,__LINE__,FUNCTION__)
fe4f188c
JH		 706#endif
707
708#ifndef MEM_LOG_ALLOC
709#define MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,a) (a)
710#endif
711#ifndef MEM_LOG_REALLOC
712#define MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,a) (a)
713#endif
714#ifndef MEM_LOG_FREE
715#define MEM_LOG_FREE(a) (a)
716#endif
717
718#define Newx(v,n,t) (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,(t*)safemalloc((MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
719#define Newxc(v,n,t,c) (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,(c*)safemalloc((MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
3341f577 720#define Newxz(v,n,t) (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_LOG_ALLOC(n,t,(t*)safecalloc((n),sizeof(t)))))
a6f6820f
NC		 721
722#ifndef PERL_CORE
a02a5408
JC		 723/* pre 5.9.x compatibility */
724#define New(x,v,n,t) Newx(v,n,t)
725#define Newc(x,v,n,t,c) Newxc(v,n,t,c)
4541904d 726#define Newz(x,v,n,t) Newxz(v,n,t)
a6f6820f 727#endif
a02a5408 728
ff68c719 729#define Renew(v,n,t) \
fe4f188c 730 (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,(t*)saferealloc((Malloc_t)(v),(MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
ff68c719 731#define Renewc(v,n,t,c) \
fe4f188c 732 (v = (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) MEM_LOG_REALLOC(n,t,v,(c*)saferealloc((Malloc_t)(v),(MEM_SIZE)((n)*sizeof(t))))))
94010e71
NC		 733
734#ifdef PERL_POISON
735#define Safefree(d) \
06c0cc96 736 ((d) ? (void)(safefree(MEM_LOG_FREE((Malloc_t)(d))), Poison(&(d), 1, Malloc_t)) : (void) 0)
94010e71 737#else
fe4f188c 738#define Safefree(d) safefree(MEM_LOG_FREE((Malloc_t)(d)))
94010e71 739#endif
55497cff 740
8b44ba4c
NC		 741#define Move(s,d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (void)memmove((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
742#define Copy(s,d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (void)memcpy((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
743#define Zero(d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (void)memzero((char*)(d), (n) * sizeof(t)))
55497cff 744
8b44ba4c
NC		 745#define MoveD(s,d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) memmove((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
746#define CopyD(s,d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) memcpy((char*)(d),(const char*)(s), (n) * sizeof(t)))
e90e2364 747#ifdef HAS_MEMSET
8b44ba4c 748#define ZeroD(d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) memzero((char*)(d), (n) * sizeof(t)))
e90e2364 749#else
8b44ba4c
NC		 750/* Using bzero(), which returns void. */
751#define ZeroD(d,n,t) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) memzero((char*)(d), (n) * sizeof(t)),d)
e90e2364
NC		 752#endif
753
7e337ee0
JH		 754#define PoisonWith(d,n,t,b) (MEM_WRAP_CHECK_(n,t) (void)memset((char*)(d), (U8)(b), (n) * sizeof(t)))
755#define PoisonNew(d,n,t) PoisonWith(d,n,t,0xAB)
756#define PoisonFree(d,n,t) PoisonWith(d,n,t,0xEF)
757#define Poison(d,n,t) PoisonFree(d,n,t)
27d5b266 758
2304df62 759#ifdef USE_STRUCT_COPY
ff68c719 760#define StructCopy(s,d,t) (*((t*)(d)) = *((t*)(s)))
bee1dbe2
LW		 761#else
762#define StructCopy(s,d,t) Copy(s,d,1,t)
763#endif
2cc61e15 764
622913ab
IZ		 765#define C_ARRAY_LENGTH(a) (sizeof(a)/sizeof((a)[0]))
766
2cc61e15
DD		 767#ifdef NEED_VA_COPY
768# ifdef va_copy
769# define Perl_va_copy(s, d) va_copy(d, s)
2cc61e15 770# else
a1866d1b
JH		 771# if defined(__va_copy)
772# define Perl_va_copy(s, d) __va_copy(d, s)
773# else
774# define Perl_va_copy(s, d) Copy(s, d, 1, va_list)
775# endif
2cc61e15
DD		 776# endif
777#endif
778
472d47bc
SB		 779/* convenience debug macros */
780#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
781#define pTHX_FORMAT "Perl interpreter: 0x%p"
782#define pTHX__FORMAT ", Perl interpreter: 0x%p"
f54cb97a
AL		 783#define pTHX_VALUE_ (void *)my_perl,
784#define pTHX_VALUE (void *)my_perl
785#define pTHX__VALUE_ ,(void *)my_perl,
786#define pTHX__VALUE ,(void *)my_perl
472d47bc 787#else
3609ea0d 788#define pTHX_FORMAT
472d47bc 789#define pTHX__FORMAT
3609ea0d 790#define pTHX_VALUE_
472d47bc 791#define pTHX_VALUE
3609ea0d 792#define pTHX__VALUE_
472d47bc
SB		 793#define pTHX__VALUE
794#endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
3609ea0d 795
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