This is a live mirror of the Perl 5 development currently hosted at https://github.com/perl/perl5
https://perl5.git.perl.org / perl5.git / blame
? search:
summary | shortlog | log | commit | commitdiff | tree
blob | blame (incremental) | history | HEAD
set $! when statting a closed filehandle
[perl5.git] / locale.c
CommitLineData
98994639
HS		 1/* locale.c
2 *
1129b882
NC		 3 * Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
4 * 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
98994639
HS		 5 *
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8 *
9 */
10
11/*
4ac71550 12 * A Elbereth Gilthoniel,
cdad3b53 13 * silivren penna míriel
4ac71550 14 * o menel aglar elenath!
cdad3b53 15 * Na-chaered palan-díriel
4ac71550
TC		 16 * o galadhremmin ennorath,
17 * Fanuilos, le linnathon
18 * nef aear, si nef aearon!
19 *
20 * [p.238 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
98994639
HS		 21 */
22
166f8a29
DM		 23/* utility functions for handling locale-specific stuff like what
24 * character represents the decimal point.
0d071d52 25 *
7d4bcc4a
KW		 26 * All C programs have an underlying locale. Perl code generally doesn't pay
27 * any attention to it except within the scope of a 'use locale'. For most
0d071d52
KW		 28 * categories, it accomplishes this by just using different operations if it is
29 * in such scope than if not. However, various libc functions called by Perl
30 * are affected by the LC_NUMERIC category, so there are macros in perl.h that
31 * are used to toggle between the current locale and the C locale depending on
a9ad02a8
KW		 32 * the desired behavior of those functions at the moment. And, LC_MESSAGES is
33 * switched to the C locale for outputting the message unless within the scope
34 * of 'use locale'.
166f8a29
DM		 35 */
36
98994639
HS		 37#include "EXTERN.h"
38#define PERL_IN_LOCALE_C
f7416781 39#include "perl_langinfo.h"
98994639
HS		 40#include "perl.h"
41
a4af207c
JH		 42#include "reentr.h"
43
2fcc0ca9
KW		 44/* If the environment says to, we can output debugging information during
45 * initialization. This is done before option parsing, and before any thread
46 * creation, so can be a file-level static */
47#ifdef DEBUGGING
7d4bcc4a 48# ifdef PERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT
27cdc72e 49 /* no global syms allowed */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 50# define debug_initialization 0
51# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v)
52# else
2fcc0ca9 53static bool debug_initialization = FALSE;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 54# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v) (debug_initialization = v)
55# endif
2fcc0ca9
KW		 56#endif
57
ff1b739b
KW		 58/* strlen() of a literal string constant. XXX We might want this more general,
59 * but using it in just this file for now */
60#define STRLENs(s) (sizeof("" s "") - 1)
61
63e5b0d7
KW		 62/* Is the C string input 'name' "C" or "POSIX"? If so, and 'name' is the
63 * return of setlocale(), then this is extremely likely to be the C or POSIX
64 * locale. However, the output of setlocale() is documented to be opaque, but
65 * the odds are extremely small that it would return these two strings for some
66 * other locale. Note that VMS in these two locales includes many non-ASCII
67 * characters as controls and punctuation (below are hex bytes):
68 * cntrl: 84-97 9B-9F
69 * punct: A1-A3 A5 A7-AB B0-B3 B5-B7 B9-BD BF-CF D1-DD DF-EF F1-FD
70 * Oddly, none there are listed as alphas, though some represent alphabetics
71 * http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2013/02/msg198753.html */
72#define isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(name) \
73 ( (name) != NULL \
74 && (( *(name) == 'C' && (*(name + 1)) == '\0') \
75 || strEQ((name), "POSIX")))
76
8ef6e574
KW		 77#ifdef USE_LOCALE
78
98994639 79/*
0d071d52
KW		 80 * Standardize the locale name from a string returned by 'setlocale', possibly
81 * modifying that string.
98994639 82 *
0ef2a2b2 83 * The typical return value of setlocale() is either
98994639
HS		 84 * (1) "xx_YY" if the first argument of setlocale() is not LC_ALL
85 * (2) "xa_YY xb_YY ..." if the first argument of setlocale() is LC_ALL
86 * (the space-separated values represent the various sublocales,
0ef2a2b2 87 * in some unspecified order). This is not handled by this function.
98994639
HS		 88 *
89 * In some platforms it has a form like "LC_SOMETHING=Lang_Country.866\n",
0ef2a2b2
KW		 90 * which is harmful for further use of the string in setlocale(). This
91 * function removes the trailing new line and everything up through the '='
98994639
HS		 92 *
93 */
94STATIC char *
95S_stdize_locale(pTHX_ char *locs)
96{
7452cf6a 97 const char * const s = strchr(locs, '=');
98994639
HS		 98 bool okay = TRUE;
99
7918f24d
NC		 100 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_STDIZE_LOCALE;
101
8772537c
AL		 102 if (s) {
103 const char * const t = strchr(s, '.');
98994639 104 okay = FALSE;
8772537c
AL		 105 if (t) {
106 const char * const u = strchr(t, '\n');
107 if (u && (u[1] == 0)) {
108 const STRLEN len = u - s;
109 Move(s + 1, locs, len, char);
110 locs[len] = 0;
111 okay = TRUE;
98994639
HS		 112 }
113 }
114 }
115
116 if (!okay)
117 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't fix broken locale name \"%s\"", locs);
118
119 return locs;
120}
121
e5f10d49
KW		 122/* Two parallel arrays; first the locale categories Perl uses on this system;
123 * the second array is their names. These arrays are in mostly arbitrary
124 * order. */
125
126const int categories[] = {
127
128# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
129 LC_NUMERIC,
130# endif
131# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
132 LC_CTYPE,
133# endif
134# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
135 LC_COLLATE,
136# endif
137# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
138 LC_TIME,
139# endif
140# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
141 LC_MESSAGES,
142# endif
143# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
144 LC_MONETARY,
145# endif
146# ifdef LC_ALL
147 LC_ALL,
148# endif
149 -1 /* Placeholder because C doesn't allow a
150 trailing comma, and it would get complicated
151 with all the #ifdef's */
152};
153
154/* The top-most real element is LC_ALL */
155
156const char * category_names[] = {
157
158# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
159 "LC_NUMERIC",
160# endif
161# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
162 "LC_CTYPE",
163# endif
164# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
165 "LC_COLLATE",
166# endif
167# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
168 "LC_TIME",
169# endif
170# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
171 "LC_MESSAGES",
172# endif
173# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
174 "LC_MONETARY",
175# endif
176# ifdef LC_ALL
177 "LC_ALL",
178# endif
179 NULL /* Placeholder */
180 };
181
182# ifdef LC_ALL
183
184 /* On systems with LC_ALL, it is kept in the highest index position. (-2
185 * to account for the final unused placeholder element.) */
186# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 2)
187
188# else
189
190 /* On systems without LC_ALL, we pretend it is there, one beyond the real
191 * top element, hence in the unused placeholder element. */
192# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 1)
193
194# endif
195
196/* Pretending there is an LC_ALL element just above allows us to avoid most
197 * special cases. Most loops through these arrays in the code below are
198 * written like 'for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++)'. They will work
199 * on either type of system. But the code must be written to not access the
948523db
KW		 200 * element at 'LC_ALL_INDEX' except on platforms that have it. This can be
201 * checked for at compile time by using the #define LC_ALL_INDEX which is only
202 * defined if we do have LC_ALL. */
e5f10d49 203
948523db
KW		 204/* Now create LC_foo_INDEX #defines for just those categories on this system */
205# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
206# define LC_NUMERIC_INDEX 0
207# define _DUMMY_NUMERIC LC_NUMERIC_INDEX
208# else
209# define _DUMMY_NUMERIC -1
210# endif
211# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
212# define LC_CTYPE_INDEX _DUMMY_NUMERIC + 1
213# define _DUMMY_CTYPE LC_CTYPE_INDEX
214# else
215# define _DUMMY_CTYPE _DUMMY_NUMERIC
216# endif
217# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
218# define LC_COLLATE_INDEX _DUMMY_CTYPE + 1
219# define _DUMMY_COLLATE LC_COLLATE_INDEX
220# else
221# define _DUMMY_COLLATE _DUMMY_COLLATE
222# endif
223# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
224# define LC_TIME_INDEX _DUMMY_COLLATE + 1
225# define _DUMMY_TIME LC_TIME_INDEX
226# else
227# define _DUMMY_TIME _DUMMY_COLLATE
228# endif
229# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
230# define LC_MESSAGES_INDEX _DUMMY_TIME + 1
231# define _DUMMY_MESSAGES LC_MESSAGES_INDEX
232# else
233# define _DUMMY_MESSAGES _DUMMY_TIME
234# endif
235# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
236# define LC_MONETARY_INDEX _DUMMY_MESSAGES + 1
237# define _DUMMY_MONETARY LC_MONETARY_INDEX
238# else
239# define _DUMMY_MONETARY _DUMMY_MESSAGES
240# endif
241# ifdef LC_ALL
242# define LC_ALL_INDEX _DUMMY_MONETARY + 1
243# endif
244#endif /* ifdef USE_LOCALE */
8ef6e574 245
d2b24094
KW		 246/* Windows requres a customized base-level setlocale() */
247# ifdef WIN32
248# define my_setlocale(cat, locale) win32_setlocale(cat, locale)
249# else
250# define my_setlocale(cat, locale) setlocale(cat, locale)
251# endif
252
837ce802
KW		 253/* Just placeholders for now. "_c" is intended to be called when the category
254 * is a constant known at compile time; "_r", not known until run time */
d2b24094
KW		 255# define do_setlocale_c(category, locale) my_setlocale(category, locale)
256# define do_setlocale_r(category, locale) my_setlocale(category, locale)
837ce802 257
a4f00dcc 258STATIC void
86799d2d 259S_set_numeric_radix(pTHX_ const bool use_locale)
98994639 260{
86799d2d
KW		 261 /* If 'use_locale' is FALSE, set to use a dot for the radix character. If
262 * TRUE, use the radix character derived from the current locale */
7d4bcc4a 263
86799d2d
KW		 264#if defined(USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC) && ( defined(HAS_LOCALECONV) \
265 || defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO))
98994639 266
86799d2d
KW		 267 /* We only set up the radix SV if we are to use a locale radix ... */
268 if (use_locale) {
269 const char * radix = my_nl_langinfo(PERL_RADIXCHAR, FALSE);
270 /* FALSE => already in dest locale */
271
272 /* ... and the character being used isn't a dot */
273 if (strNE(radix, ".")) {
274 if (PL_numeric_radix_sv) {
275 sv_setpv(PL_numeric_radix_sv, radix);
276 }
277 else {
278 PL_numeric_radix_sv = newSVpv(radix, 0);
279 }
280
281 if ( ! is_utf8_invariant_string(
282 (U8 *) SvPVX(PL_numeric_radix_sv), SvCUR(PL_numeric_radix_sv))
283 && is_utf8_string(
284 (U8 *) SvPVX(PL_numeric_radix_sv), SvCUR(PL_numeric_radix_sv))
c1284011 285 && _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_NUMERIC))
28acfe03 286 {
86799d2d 287 SvUTF8_on(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
28acfe03 288 }
86799d2d
KW		 289 goto done;
290 }
98994639 291 }
69014004 292
86799d2d
KW		 293 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_numeric_radix_sv);
294 PL_numeric_radix_sv = NULL;
295
296 done: ;
297
298# ifdef DEBUGGING
7d4bcc4a 299
2fcc0ca9
KW		 300 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
301 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Locale radix is '%s', ?UTF-8=%d\n",
69014004 302 (PL_numeric_radix_sv)
37b7e435
KW		 303 ? SvPVX(PL_numeric_radix_sv)
304 : "NULL",
305 (PL_numeric_radix_sv)
39eb7305 306 ? cBOOL(SvUTF8(PL_numeric_radix_sv))
2fcc0ca9
KW		 307 : 0);
308 }
69014004 309
86799d2d
KW		 310# endif
311#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC and can find the radix char */
7d4bcc4a 312
98994639
HS		 313}
314
a39edc4c 315
98994639 316void
8772537c 317Perl_new_numeric(pTHX_ const char *newnum)
98994639 318{
7d4bcc4a
KW		 319
320#ifndef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
321
322 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newnum);
323
324#else
0d071d52
KW		 325
326 /* Called after all libc setlocale() calls affecting LC_NUMERIC, to tell
327 * core Perl this and that 'newnum' is the name of the new locale.
328 * It installs this locale as the current underlying default.
329 *
330 * The default locale and the C locale can be toggled between by use of the
5792c642
KW		 331 * set_numeric_underlying() and set_numeric_standard() functions, which
332 * should probably not be called directly, but only via macros like
0d071d52
KW		 333 * SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD() in perl.h.
334 *
335 * The toggling is necessary mainly so that a non-dot radix decimal point
336 * character can be output, while allowing internal calculations to use a
337 * dot.
338 *
339 * This sets several interpreter-level variables:
bb304765 340 * PL_numeric_name The underlying locale's name: a copy of 'newnum'
892e6465 341 * PL_numeric_underlying A boolean indicating if the toggled state is such
7738054c
KW		 342 * that the current locale is the program's underlying
343 * locale
344 * PL_numeric_standard An int indicating if the toggled state is such
345 * that the current locale is the C locale. If non-zero,
346 * it is in C; if > 1, it means it may not be toggled away
347 * from C.
0d071d52
KW		 348 * Note that both of the last two variables can be true at the same time,
349 * if the underlying locale is C. (Toggling is a no-op under these
350 * circumstances.)
351 *
352 * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use
353 * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function
354 * should be called directly only from this file and from
355 * POSIX::setlocale() */
356
b03f34cf 357 char *save_newnum;
98994639
HS		 358
359 if (! newnum) {
43c5f42d
NC		 360 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
361 PL_numeric_name = NULL;
98994639 362 PL_numeric_standard = TRUE;
892e6465 363 PL_numeric_underlying = TRUE;
98994639
HS		 364 return;
365 }
366
b03f34cf 367 save_newnum = stdize_locale(savepv(newnum));
abe1abcf
KW		 368
369 PL_numeric_standard = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(save_newnum);
892e6465 370 PL_numeric_underlying = TRUE;
abe1abcf 371
b03f34cf 372 if (! PL_numeric_name || strNE(PL_numeric_name, save_newnum)) {
98994639 373 Safefree(PL_numeric_name);
b03f34cf 374 PL_numeric_name = save_newnum;
b03f34cf 375 }
abe1abcf
KW		 376 else {
377 Safefree(save_newnum);
378 }
4c28b29c
KW		 379
380 /* Keep LC_NUMERIC in the C locale. This is for XS modules, so they don't
381 * have to worry about the radix being a non-dot. (Core operations that
382 * need the underlying locale change to it temporarily). */
383 set_numeric_standard();
384
98994639 385#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
7d4bcc4a 386
98994639
HS		 387}
388
389void
390Perl_set_numeric_standard(pTHX)
391{
7d4bcc4a 392
98994639 393#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
7d4bcc4a 394
28c1bf33
KW		 395 /* Toggle the LC_NUMERIC locale to C. Most code should use the macros like
396 * SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD() in perl.h instead of calling this directly. The
397 * macro avoids calling this routine if toggling isn't necessary according
398 * to our records (which could be wrong if some XS code has changed the
399 * locale behind our back) */
0d071d52 400
837ce802 401 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
a9b8c0d8 402 PL_numeric_standard = TRUE;
892e6465 403 PL_numeric_underlying = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(PL_numeric_name);
86799d2d 404 set_numeric_radix(0);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 405
406# ifdef DEBUGGING
407
2fcc0ca9
KW		 408 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
409 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
58e4a467 410 "LC_NUMERIC locale now is standard C\n");
2fcc0ca9 411 }
98994639 412
7d4bcc4a 413# endif
98994639 414#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
7d4bcc4a 415
98994639
HS		 416}
417
418void
5792c642 419Perl_set_numeric_underlying(pTHX)
98994639 420{
7d4bcc4a 421
98994639 422#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
7d4bcc4a 423
28c1bf33 424 /* Toggle the LC_NUMERIC locale to the current underlying default. Most
7d4bcc4a
KW		 425 * code should use the macros like SET_NUMERIC_UNDERLYING() in perl.h
426 * instead of calling this directly. The macro avoids calling this routine
427 * if toggling isn't necessary according to our records (which could be
428 * wrong if some XS code has changed the locale behind our back) */
a9b8c0d8 429
837ce802 430 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, PL_numeric_name);
a9b8c0d8 431 PL_numeric_standard = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(PL_numeric_name);
892e6465 432 PL_numeric_underlying = TRUE;
86799d2d 433 set_numeric_radix(1);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 434
435# ifdef DEBUGGING
436
2fcc0ca9
KW		 437 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
438 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
58e4a467 439 "LC_NUMERIC locale now is %s\n",
2fcc0ca9
KW		 440 PL_numeric_name);
441 }
98994639 442
7d4bcc4a 443# endif
98994639 444#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
7d4bcc4a 445
98994639
HS		 446}
447
448/*
449 * Set up for a new ctype locale.
450 */
a4f00dcc
KW		 451STATIC void
452S_new_ctype(pTHX_ const char *newctype)
98994639 453{
7d4bcc4a
KW		 454
455#ifndef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
456
457 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_CTYPE;
458 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newctype);
459 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
460
461#else
0d071d52
KW		 462
463 /* Called after all libc setlocale() calls affecting LC_CTYPE, to tell
464 * core Perl this and that 'newctype' is the name of the new locale.
465 *
466 * This function sets up the folding arrays for all 256 bytes, assuming
467 * that tofold() is tolc() since fold case is not a concept in POSIX,
468 *
469 * Any code changing the locale (outside this file) should use
470 * POSIX::setlocale, which calls this function. Therefore this function
471 * should be called directly only from this file and from
472 * POSIX::setlocale() */
473
27da23d5 474 dVAR;
68067e4e 475 UV i;
98994639 476
7918f24d
NC		 477 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_CTYPE;
478
215c5139
KW		 479 /* We will replace any bad locale warning with 1) nothing if the new one is
480 * ok; or 2) a new warning for the bad new locale */
481 if (PL_warn_locale) {
482 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(PL_warn_locale);
483 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
484 }
485
c1284011 486 PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale = _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_CTYPE);
31f05a37
KW		 487
488 /* A UTF-8 locale gets standard rules. But note that code still has to
489 * handle this specially because of the three problematic code points */
490 if (PL_in_utf8_CTYPE_locale) {
491 Copy(PL_fold_latin1, PL_fold_locale, 256, U8);
492 }
493 else {
8c6180a9
KW		 494 /* Assume enough space for every character being bad. 4 spaces each
495 * for the 94 printable characters that are output like "'x' "; and 5
496 * spaces each for "'\\' ", "'\t' ", and "'\n' "; plus a terminating
497 * NUL */
498 char bad_chars_list[ (94 * 4) + (3 * 5) + 1 ];
499
cc9eaeb0
KW		 500 /* Don't check for problems if we are suppressing the warnings */
501 bool check_for_problems = ckWARN_d(WARN_LOCALE)
502 || UNLIKELY(DEBUG_L_TEST);
8c6180a9
KW		 503 bool multi_byte_locale = FALSE; /* Assume is a single-byte locale
504 to start */
505 unsigned int bad_count = 0; /* Count of bad characters */
506
baa60164
KW		 507 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
508 if (isUPPER_LC((U8) i))
509 PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) toLOWER_LC((U8) i);
510 else if (isLOWER_LC((U8) i))
511 PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) toUPPER_LC((U8) i);
512 else
513 PL_fold_locale[i] = (U8) i;
8c6180a9
KW		 514
515 /* If checking for locale problems, see if the native ASCII-range
516 * printables plus \n and \t are in their expected categories in
517 * the new locale. If not, this could mean big trouble, upending
518 * Perl's and most programs' assumptions, like having a
519 * metacharacter with special meaning become a \w. Fortunately,
520 * it's very rare to find locales that aren't supersets of ASCII
521 * nowadays. It isn't a problem for most controls to be changed
522 * into something else; we check only \n and \t, though perhaps \r
523 * could be an issue as well. */
7d4bcc4a 524 if ( check_for_problems
8c6180a9
KW		 525 && (isGRAPH_A(i) || isBLANK_A(i) || i == '\n'))
526 {
7d4bcc4a 527 if (( isALPHANUMERIC_A(i) && ! isALPHANUMERIC_LC(i))
8c6180a9
KW		 528 || (isPUNCT_A(i) && ! isPUNCT_LC(i))
529 || (isBLANK_A(i) && ! isBLANK_LC(i))
530 || (i == '\n' && ! isCNTRL_LC(i)))
531 {
532 if (bad_count) { /* Separate multiple entries with a
533 blank */
534 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = ' ';
535 }
536 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = '\'';
537 if (isPRINT_A(i)) {
538 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = (char) i;
539 }
540 else {
541 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = '\\';
542 if (i == '\n') {
543 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = 'n';
544 }
545 else {
546 assert(i == '\t');
547 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = 't';
548 }
549 }
550 bad_chars_list[bad_count++] = '\'';
551 bad_chars_list[bad_count] = '\0';
552 }
553 }
554 }
555
7d4bcc4a
KW		 556# ifdef MB_CUR_MAX
557
8c6180a9 558 /* We only handle single-byte locales (outside of UTF-8 ones; so if
d35fca5f 559 * this locale requires more than one byte, there are going to be
8c6180a9 560 * problems. */
9c8a6dc2
KW		 561 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
562 "%s:%d: check_for_problems=%d, MB_CUR_MAX=%d\n",
563 __FILE__, __LINE__, check_for_problems, (int) MB_CUR_MAX));
564
ba1a4362
KW		 565 if (check_for_problems && MB_CUR_MAX > 1
566
567 /* Some platforms return MB_CUR_MAX > 1 for even the "C"
568 * locale. Just assume that the implementation for them (plus
569 * for POSIX) is correct and the > 1 value is spurious. (Since
570 * these are specially handled to never be considered UTF-8
571 * locales, as long as this is the only problem, everything
572 * should work fine */
573 && strNE(newctype, "C") && strNE(newctype, "POSIX"))
574 {
8c6180a9
KW		 575 multi_byte_locale = TRUE;
576 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 577
578# endif
8c6180a9
KW		 579
580 if (bad_count || multi_byte_locale) {
780fcc9f 581 PL_warn_locale = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
8c6180a9 582 "Locale '%s' may not work well.%s%s%s\n",
780fcc9f 583 newctype,
8c6180a9
KW		 584 (multi_byte_locale)
585 ? " Some characters in it are not recognized by"
586 " Perl."
587 : "",
588 (bad_count)
589 ? "\nThe following characters (and maybe others)"
590 " may not have the same meaning as the Perl"
591 " program expects:\n"
592 : "",
593 (bad_count)
594 ? bad_chars_list
595 : ""
596 );
cc9eaeb0 597 /* If we are actually in the scope of the locale or are debugging,
bddebb56
KW		 598 * output the message now. If not in that scope, we save the
599 * message to be output at the first operation using this locale,
600 * if that actually happens. Most programs don't use locales, so
601 * they are immune to bad ones. */
cc9eaeb0 602 if (IN_LC(LC_CTYPE) || UNLIKELY(DEBUG_L_TEST)) {
780fcc9f
KW		 603
604 /* We have to save 'newctype' because the setlocale() just
605 * below may destroy it. The next setlocale() further down
606 * should restore it properly so that the intermediate change
607 * here is transparent to this function's caller */
608 const char * const badlocale = savepv(newctype);
609
837ce802 610 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, "C");
780fcc9f
KW		 611
612 /* The '0' below suppresses a bogus gcc compiler warning */
613 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE), SvPVX(PL_warn_locale), 0);
bddebb56 614
837ce802 615 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, badlocale);
c0f3a893 616 Safefree(badlocale);
bddebb56
KW		 617
618 if (IN_LC(LC_CTYPE)) {
619 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(PL_warn_locale);
620 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
621 }
780fcc9f 622 }
baa60164 623 }
31f05a37 624 }
98994639
HS		 625
626#endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */
7d4bcc4a 627
98994639
HS		 628}
629
98994639 630void
2726666d
KW		 631Perl__warn_problematic_locale()
632{
2726666d
KW		 633
634#ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
635
5f04a188
KW		 636 dTHX;
637
638 /* Internal-to-core function that outputs the message in PL_warn_locale,
639 * and then NULLS it. Should be called only through the macro
640 * _CHECK_AND_WARN_PROBLEMATIC_LOCALE */
641
2726666d
KW		 642 if (PL_warn_locale) {
643 /*GCC_DIAG_IGNORE(-Wformat-security); Didn't work */
644 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
645 SvPVX(PL_warn_locale),
646 0 /* dummy to avoid compiler warning */ );
647 /* GCC_DIAG_RESTORE; */
648 SvREFCNT_dec_NN(PL_warn_locale);
649 PL_warn_locale = NULL;
650 }
651
652#endif
653
654}
655
a4f00dcc
KW		 656STATIC void
657S_new_collate(pTHX_ const char *newcoll)
98994639 658{
7d4bcc4a
KW		 659
660#ifndef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
661
662 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(newcoll);
663 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
664
665#else
0d071d52
KW		 666
667 /* Called after all libc setlocale() calls affecting LC_COLLATE, to tell
668 * core Perl this and that 'newcoll' is the name of the new locale.
669 *
d35fca5f
KW		 670 * The design of locale collation is that every locale change is given an
671 * index 'PL_collation_ix'. The first time a string particpates in an
672 * operation that requires collation while locale collation is active, it
673 * is given PERL_MAGIC_collxfrm magic (via sv_collxfrm_flags()). That
674 * magic includes the collation index, and the transformation of the string
675 * by strxfrm(), q.v. That transformation is used when doing comparisons,
676 * instead of the string itself. If a string changes, the magic is
677 * cleared. The next time the locale changes, the index is incremented,
678 * and so we know during a comparison that the transformation is not
679 * necessarily still valid, and so is recomputed. Note that if the locale
680 * changes enough times, the index could wrap (a U32), and it is possible
681 * that a transformation would improperly be considered valid, leading to
682 * an unlikely bug */
0d071d52 683
98994639
HS		 684 if (! newcoll) {
685 if (PL_collation_name) {
686 ++PL_collation_ix;
687 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
688 PL_collation_name = NULL;
689 }
690 PL_collation_standard = TRUE;
00bf60ca 691 is_standard_collation:
98994639
HS		 692 PL_collxfrm_base = 0;
693 PL_collxfrm_mult = 2;
165a1c52 694 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale = FALSE;
f28f4d2a 695 PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement = '\0';
a4a439fb 696 PL_strxfrm_max_cp = 0;
98994639
HS		 697 return;
698 }
699
d35fca5f 700 /* If this is not the same locale as currently, set the new one up */
98994639
HS		 701 if (! PL_collation_name || strNE(PL_collation_name, newcoll)) {
702 ++PL_collation_ix;
703 Safefree(PL_collation_name);
704 PL_collation_name = stdize_locale(savepv(newcoll));
a39edc4c 705 PL_collation_standard = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(newcoll);
00bf60ca
KW		 706 if (PL_collation_standard) {
707 goto is_standard_collation;
708 }
98994639 709
165a1c52 710 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale = _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_COLLATE);
f28f4d2a 711 PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement = '\0';
a4a439fb 712 PL_strxfrm_max_cp = 0;
165a1c52 713
59c018b9
KW		 714 /* A locale collation definition includes primary, secondary, tertiary,
715 * etc. weights for each character. To sort, the primary weights are
716 * used, and only if they compare equal, then the secondary weights are
717 * used, and only if they compare equal, then the tertiary, etc.
718 *
719 * strxfrm() works by taking the input string, say ABC, and creating an
720 * output transformed string consisting of first the primary weights,
721 * A¹B¹C¹ followed by the secondary ones, A²B²C²; and then the
722 * tertiary, etc, yielding A¹B¹C¹ A²B²C² A³B³C³ .... Some characters
723 * may not have weights at every level. In our example, let's say B
724 * doesn't have a tertiary weight, and A doesn't have a secondary
725 * weight. The constructed string is then going to be
726 * A¹B¹C¹ B²C² A³C³ ....
727 * This has the desired effect that strcmp() will look at the secondary
728 * or tertiary weights only if the strings compare equal at all higher
729 * priority weights. The spaces shown here, like in
c342d20e 730 * "A¹B¹C¹ A²B²C² "
59c018b9
KW		 731 * are not just for readability. In the general case, these must
732 * actually be bytes, which we will call here 'separator weights'; and
733 * they must be smaller than any other weight value, but since these
734 * are C strings, only the terminating one can be a NUL (some
735 * implementations may include a non-NUL separator weight just before
736 * the NUL). Implementations tend to reserve 01 for the separator
737 * weights. They are needed so that a shorter string's secondary
738 * weights won't be misconstrued as primary weights of a longer string,
739 * etc. By making them smaller than any other weight, the shorter
740 * string will sort first. (Actually, if all secondary weights are
741 * smaller than all primary ones, there is no need for a separator
742 * weight between those two levels, etc.)
743 *
744 * The length of the transformed string is roughly a linear function of
745 * the input string. It's not exactly linear because some characters
746 * don't have weights at all levels. When we call strxfrm() we have to
747 * allocate some memory to hold the transformed string. The
748 * calculations below try to find coefficients 'm' and 'b' for this
749 * locale so that m*x + b equals how much space we need, given the size
750 * of the input string in 'x'. If we calculate too small, we increase
751 * the size as needed, and call strxfrm() again, but it is better to
752 * get it right the first time to avoid wasted expensive string
753 * transformations. */
754
98994639 755 {
79f120c8
KW		 756 /* We use the string below to find how long the tranformation of it
757 * is. Almost all locales are supersets of ASCII, or at least the
758 * ASCII letters. We use all of them, half upper half lower,
759 * because if we used fewer, we might hit just the ones that are
760 * outliers in a particular locale. Most of the strings being
761 * collated will contain a preponderance of letters, and even if
762 * they are above-ASCII, they are likely to have the same number of
763 * weight levels as the ASCII ones. It turns out that digits tend
764 * to have fewer levels, and some punctuation has more, but those
765 * are relatively sparse in text, and khw believes this gives a
766 * reasonable result, but it could be changed if experience so
767 * dictates. */
768 const char longer[] = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMnopqrstuvwxyz";
769 char * x_longer; /* Transformed 'longer' */
770 Size_t x_len_longer; /* Length of 'x_longer' */
771
772 char * x_shorter; /* We also transform a substring of 'longer' */
773 Size_t x_len_shorter;
774
a4a439fb 775 /* _mem_collxfrm() is used get the transformation (though here we
79f120c8
KW		 776 * are interested only in its length). It is used because it has
777 * the intelligence to handle all cases, but to work, it needs some
778 * values of 'm' and 'b' to get it started. For the purposes of
779 * this calculation we use a very conservative estimate of 'm' and
780 * 'b'. This assumes a weight can be multiple bytes, enough to
781 * hold any UV on the platform, and there are 5 levels, 4 weight
782 * bytes, and a trailing NUL. */
783 PL_collxfrm_base = 5;
784 PL_collxfrm_mult = 5 * sizeof(UV);
785
786 /* Find out how long the transformation really is */
a4a439fb
KW		 787 x_longer = _mem_collxfrm(longer,
788 sizeof(longer) - 1,
789 &x_len_longer,
790
791 /* We avoid converting to UTF-8 in the
792 * called function by telling it the
793 * string is in UTF-8 if the locale is a
794 * UTF-8 one. Since the string passed
795 * here is invariant under UTF-8, we can
796 * claim it's UTF-8 even though it isn't.
797 * */
798 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale);
79f120c8
KW		 799 Safefree(x_longer);
800
801 /* Find out how long the transformation of a substring of 'longer'
802 * is. Together the lengths of these transformations are
803 * sufficient to calculate 'm' and 'b'. The substring is all of
804 * 'longer' except the first character. This minimizes the chances
805 * of being swayed by outliers */
a4a439fb 806 x_shorter = _mem_collxfrm(longer + 1,
79f120c8 807 sizeof(longer) - 2,
a4a439fb
KW		 808 &x_len_shorter,
809 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale);
79f120c8
KW		 810 Safefree(x_shorter);
811
812 /* If the results are nonsensical for this simple test, the whole
813 * locale definition is suspect. Mark it so that locale collation
814 * is not active at all for it. XXX Should we warn? */
815 if ( x_len_shorter == 0
816 || x_len_longer == 0
817 || x_len_shorter >= x_len_longer)
818 {
819 PL_collxfrm_mult = 0;
820 PL_collxfrm_base = 0;
821 }
822 else {
823 SSize_t base; /* Temporary */
824
825 /* We have both: m * strlen(longer) + b = x_len_longer
826 * m * strlen(shorter) + b = x_len_shorter;
827 * subtracting yields:
828 * m * (strlen(longer) - strlen(shorter))
829 * = x_len_longer - x_len_shorter
830 * But we have set things up so that 'shorter' is 1 byte smaller
831 * than 'longer'. Hence:
832 * m = x_len_longer - x_len_shorter
833 *
834 * But if something went wrong, make sure the multiplier is at
835 * least 1.
836 */
837 if (x_len_longer > x_len_shorter) {
838 PL_collxfrm_mult = (STRLEN) x_len_longer - x_len_shorter;
839 }
840 else {
841 PL_collxfrm_mult = 1;
842 }
843
844 /* mx + b = len
845 * so: b = len - mx
846 * but in case something has gone wrong, make sure it is
847 * non-negative */
848 base = x_len_longer - PL_collxfrm_mult * (sizeof(longer) - 1);
849 if (base < 0) {
850 base = 0;
851 }
852
853 /* Add 1 for the trailing NUL */
854 PL_collxfrm_base = base + 1;
855 }
58eebef2 856
7d4bcc4a
KW		 857# ifdef DEBUGGING
858
58eebef2
KW		 859 if (DEBUG_L_TEST || debug_initialization) {
860 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4
KW		 861 "%s:%d: ?UTF-8 locale=%d; x_len_shorter=%zu, "
862 "x_len_longer=%zu,"
863 " collate multipler=%zu, collate base=%zu\n",
58eebef2
KW		 864 __FILE__, __LINE__,
865 PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale,
866 x_len_shorter, x_len_longer,
867 PL_collxfrm_mult, PL_collxfrm_base);
868 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 869# endif
870
98994639
HS		 871 }
872 }
873
874#endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */
7d4bcc4a 875
98994639
HS		 876}
877
d2b24094 878#ifdef WIN32
b8cc575c 879
a4f00dcc 880STATIC char *
b8cc575c 881S_win32_setlocale(pTHX_ int category, const char* locale)
b385bb4d
KW		 882{
883 /* This, for Windows, emulates POSIX setlocale() behavior. There is no
7d4bcc4a
KW		 884 * difference between the two unless the input locale is "", which normally
885 * means on Windows to get the machine default, which is set via the
886 * computer's "Regional and Language Options" (or its current equivalent).
887 * In POSIX, it instead means to find the locale from the user's
888 * environment. This routine changes the Windows behavior to first look in
889 * the environment, and, if anything is found, use that instead of going to
890 * the machine default. If there is no environment override, the machine
891 * default is used, by calling the real setlocale() with "".
892 *
893 * The POSIX behavior is to use the LC_ALL variable if set; otherwise to
894 * use the particular category's variable if set; otherwise to use the LANG
895 * variable. */
b385bb4d 896
175c4cf9 897 bool override_LC_ALL = FALSE;
89f7b9aa 898 char * result;
e5f10d49 899 unsigned int i;
89f7b9aa 900
b385bb4d 901 if (locale && strEQ(locale, "")) {
7d4bcc4a
KW		 902
903# ifdef LC_ALL
904
b385bb4d
KW		 905 locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL");
906 if (! locale) {
e5f10d49
KW		 907 if (category == LC_ALL) {
908 override_LC_ALL = TRUE;
909 }
910 else {
7d4bcc4a
KW		 911
912# endif
7d4bcc4a 913
e5f10d49
KW		 914 for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
915 if (category == categories[i]) {
916 locale = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i]);
917 goto found_locale;
918 }
919 }
7d4bcc4a 920
b385bb4d 921 locale = PerlEnv_getenv("LANG");
481465ea 922 if (! locale) {
b385bb4d
KW		 923 locale = "";
924 }
e5f10d49
KW		 925
926 found_locale: ;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 927
928# ifdef LC_ALL
929
e5f10d49 930 }
b385bb4d 931 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 932
933# endif
934
b385bb4d
KW		 935 }
936
89f7b9aa 937 result = setlocale(category, locale);
bbc98134 938 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
a4f00dcc 939 setlocale_debug_string(category, locale, result)));
89f7b9aa 940
481465ea 941 if (! override_LC_ALL) {
89f7b9aa
KW		 942 return result;
943 }
944
dfd77d7a 945 /* Here the input category was LC_ALL, and we have set it to what is in the
481465ea
KW		 946 * LANG variable or the system default if there is no LANG. But these have
947 * lower priority than the other LC_foo variables, so override it for each
948 * one that is set. (If they are set to "", it means to use the same thing
949 * we just set LC_ALL to, so can skip) */
7d4bcc4a 950
948523db 951 for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
e5f10d49
KW		 952 result = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i]);
953 if (result && strNE(result, "")) {
954 setlocale(categories[i], result);
955 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: %s\n",
956 __FILE__, __LINE__,
957 setlocale_debug_string(categories[i], result, "not captured")));
958 }
89f7b9aa 959 }
7d4bcc4a 960
bbc98134
KW		 961 result = setlocale(LC_ALL, NULL);
962 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: %s\n",
963 __FILE__, __LINE__,
a4f00dcc 964 setlocale_debug_string(LC_ALL, NULL, result)));
89f7b9aa 965
bbc98134 966 return result;
b385bb4d
KW		 967}
968
969#endif
970
a4f00dcc
KW		 971char *
972Perl_setlocale(int category, const char * locale)
973{
974 /* This wraps POSIX::setlocale() */
975
976 char * retval;
1159483a 977 char * newlocale;
a4f00dcc
KW		 978 dTHX;
979
a4f00dcc
KW		 980#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
981
982 /* A NULL locale means only query what the current one is. We
983 * have the LC_NUMERIC name saved, because we are normally switched
984 * into the C locale for it. Switch back so an LC_ALL query will yield
985 * the correct results; all other categories don't require special
986 * handling */
987 if (locale == NULL) {
988 if (category == LC_NUMERIC) {
989 return savepv(PL_numeric_name);
990 }
991
7d4bcc4a 992# ifdef LC_ALL
a4f00dcc
KW		 993
994 else if (category == LC_ALL) {
995 SET_NUMERIC_UNDERLYING();
996 }
997
7d4bcc4a 998# endif
a4f00dcc
KW		 999
1000 }
1001
1002#endif
1003
e5f10d49
KW		 1004 /* Save retval since subsequent setlocale() calls may overwrite it. */
1005 retval = savepv(do_setlocale_r(category, locale));
a4f00dcc
KW		 1006
1007 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
1008 "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
1009 setlocale_debug_string(category, locale, retval)));
1010 if (! retval) {
1011 /* Should never happen that a query would return an error, but be
1012 * sure and reset to C locale */
1013 if (locale == 0) {
1014 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
1015 }
7d4bcc4a 1016
a4f00dcc
KW		 1017 return NULL;
1018 }
1019
a4f00dcc
KW		 1020 /* If locale == NULL, we are just querying the state, but may have switched
1021 * to NUMERIC_UNDERLYING. Switch back before returning. */
1022 if (locale == NULL) {
1023 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
1024 return retval;
1025 }
a4f00dcc 1026
1159483a
KW		 1027 /* Now that have switched locales, we have to update our records to
1028 * correspond. */
a4f00dcc 1029
1159483a 1030 switch (category) {
a4f00dcc 1031
1159483a 1032#ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
a4f00dcc 1033
1159483a
KW		 1034 case LC_CTYPE:
1035 new_ctype(retval);
1036 break;
a4f00dcc 1037
1159483a 1038#endif
a4f00dcc
KW		 1039#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1040
1159483a
KW		 1041 case LC_COLLATE:
1042 new_collate(retval);
1043 break;
a4f00dcc 1044
1159483a 1045#endif
a4f00dcc
KW		 1046#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1047
1159483a
KW		 1048 case LC_NUMERIC:
1049 new_numeric(retval);
1050 break;
a4f00dcc 1051
1159483a
KW		 1052#endif
1053#ifdef LC_ALL
a4f00dcc 1054
1159483a 1055 case LC_ALL:
a4f00dcc 1056
1159483a
KW		 1057 /* LC_ALL updates all the things we care about. The values may not
1058 * be the same as 'retval', as the locale "" may have set things
1059 * individually */
a4f00dcc 1060
1159483a 1061# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
a4f00dcc 1062
1159483a
KW		 1063 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
1064 new_ctype(newlocale);
a4f00dcc 1065
1159483a
KW		 1066# endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */
1067# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1068
1069 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_COLLATE, NULL);
1070 new_collate(newlocale);
a4f00dcc 1071
7d4bcc4a 1072# endif
1159483a 1073# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
a4f00dcc 1074
1159483a
KW		 1075 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, NULL);
1076 new_numeric(newlocale);
a4f00dcc 1077
1159483a
KW		 1078# endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
1079#endif /* LC_ALL */
a4f00dcc 1080
1159483a
KW		 1081 default:
1082 break;
a4f00dcc
KW		 1083 }
1084
1085 return retval;
1086
f7416781
KW		 1087
1088}
1089
1090PERL_STATIC_INLINE const char *
1091S_save_to_buffer(const char * string, char **buf, Size_t *buf_size, const Size_t offset)
1092{
1093 /* Copy the NUL-terminated 'string' to 'buf' + 'offset'. 'buf' has size 'buf_size',
1094 * growing it if necessary */
1095
1096 const Size_t string_size = strlen(string) + offset + 1;
1097
1098 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SAVE_TO_BUFFER;
1099
1100 if (*buf_size == 0) {
1101 Newx(*buf, string_size, char);
1102 *buf_size = string_size;
1103 }
1104 else if (string_size > *buf_size) {
1105 Renew(*buf, string_size, char);
1106 *buf_size = string_size;
1107 }
1108
1109 Copy(string, *buf + offset, string_size - offset, char);
1110 return *buf;
1111}
1112
1113/*
1114
1115=head1 Locale-related functions and macros
1116
1117=for apidoc Perl_langinfo
1118
7d4bcc4a 1119This is an (almost ª) drop-in replacement for the system C<L<nl_langinfo(3)>>,
f7416781
KW		 1120taking the same C<item> parameter values, and returning the same information.
1121But it is more thread-safe than regular C<nl_langinfo()>, and hides the quirks
1122of Perl's locale handling from your code, and can be used on systems that lack
1123a native C<nl_langinfo>.
1124
1125Expanding on these:
1126
1127=over
1128
1129=item *
1130
1131It delivers the correct results for the C<RADIXCHAR> and C<THOUSESEP> items,
1132without you having to write extra code. The reason for the extra code would be
1133because these are from the C<LC_NUMERIC> locale category, which is normally
1134kept set to the C locale by Perl, no matter what the underlying locale is
1135supposed to be, and so to get the expected results, you have to temporarily
1136toggle into the underlying locale, and later toggle back. (You could use
1137plain C<nl_langinfo> and C<L</STORE_LC_NUMERIC_FORCE_TO_UNDERLYING>> for this
1138but then you wouldn't get the other advantages of C<Perl_langinfo()>; not
1139keeping C<LC_NUMERIC> in the C locale would break a lot of CPAN, which is
1140expecting the radix (decimal point) character to be a dot.)
1141
1142=item *
1143
1144Depending on C<item>, it works on systems that don't have C<nl_langinfo>, hence
1145makes your code more portable. Of the fifty-some possible items specified by
1146the POSIX 2008 standard,
1147L<http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/langinfo.h.html>,
1148only two are completely unimplemented. It uses various techniques to recover
1149the other items, including calling C<L<localeconv(3)>>, and C<L<strftime(3)>>,
1150both of which are specified in C89, so should be always be available. Later
1151C<strftime()> versions have additional capabilities; C<""> is returned for
1152those not available on your system.
1153
1154The details for those items which may differ from what this emulation returns
1155and what a native C<nl_langinfo()> would return are:
1156
1157=over
1158
1159=item C<CODESET>
1160
1161=item C<ERA>
1162
1163Unimplemented, so returns C<"">.
1164
1165=item C<YESEXPR>
1166
1167=item C<NOEXPR>
1168
1169Only the values for English are returned. Earlier POSIX standards also
1170specified C<YESSTR> and C<NOSTR>, but these have been removed from POSIX 2008,
1171and aren't supported by C<Perl_langinfo>.
1172
1173=item C<D_FMT>
1174
1175Always evaluates to C<%x>, the locale's appropriate date representation.
1176
1177=item C<T_FMT>
1178
1179Always evaluates to C<%X>, the locale's appropriate time representation.
1180
1181=item C<D_T_FMT>
1182
1183Always evaluates to C<%c>, the locale's appropriate date and time
1184representation.
1185
1186=item C<CRNCYSTR>
1187
1188The return may be incorrect for those rare locales where the currency symbol
1189replaces the radix character.
1190Send email to L<mailto:perlbug@perl.org> if you have examples of it needing
1191to work differently.
1192
1193=item C<ALT_DIGITS>
1194
1195Currently this gives the same results as Linux does.
1196Send email to L<mailto:perlbug@perl.org> if you have examples of it needing
1197to work differently.
1198
1199=item C<ERA_D_FMT>
1200
1201=item C<ERA_T_FMT>
1202
1203=item C<ERA_D_T_FMT>
1204
1205=item C<T_FMT_AMPM>
1206
1207These are derived by using C<strftime()>, and not all versions of that function
1208know about them. C<""> is returned for these on such systems.
1209
1210=back
1211
1212When using C<Perl_langinfo> on systems that don't have a native
1213C<nl_langinfo()>, you must
1214
1215 #include "perl_langinfo.h"
1216
1217before the C<perl.h> C<#include>. You can replace your C<langinfo.h>
1218C<#include> with this one. (Doing it this way keeps out the symbols that plain
1219C<langinfo.h> imports into the namespace for code that doesn't need it.)
1220
1221You also should not use the bare C<langinfo.h> item names, but should preface
1222them with C<PERL_>, so use C<PERL_RADIXCHAR> instead of plain C<RADIXCHAR>.
1223The C<PERL_I<foo>> versions will also work for this function on systems that do
1224have a native C<nl_langinfo>.
1225
1226=item *
1227
1228It is thread-friendly, returning its result in a buffer that won't be
1229overwritten by another thread, so you don't have to code for that possibility.
1230The buffer can be overwritten by the next call to C<nl_langinfo> or
1231C<Perl_langinfo> in the same thread.
1232
1233=item *
1234
7d4bcc4a 1235ª It returns S<C<const char *>>, whereas plain C<nl_langinfo()> returns S<C<char
f7416781
KW		 1236*>>, but you are (only by documentation) forbidden to write into the buffer.
1237By declaring this C<const>, the compiler enforces this restriction. The extra
1238C<const> is why this isn't an unequivocal drop-in replacement for
1239C<nl_langinfo>.
1240
1241=back
1242
1243The original impetus for C<Perl_langinfo()> was so that code that needs to
1244find out the current currency symbol, floating point radix character, or digit
1245grouping separator can use, on all systems, the simpler and more
1246thread-friendly C<nl_langinfo> API instead of C<L<localeconv(3)>> which is a
1247pain to make thread-friendly. For other fields returned by C<localeconv>, it
1248is better to use the methods given in L<perlcall> to call
1249L<C<POSIX::localeconv()>|POSIX/localeconv>, which is thread-friendly.
1250
1251=cut
1252
1253*/
1254
1255const char *
1256#ifdef HAS_NL_LANGINFO
1257Perl_langinfo(const nl_item item)
1258#else
1259Perl_langinfo(const int item)
1260#endif
1261{
f61748ac
KW		 1262 return my_nl_langinfo(item, TRUE);
1263}
1264
1265const char *
1266#ifdef HAS_NL_LANGINFO
1267S_my_nl_langinfo(const nl_item item, bool toggle)
1268#else
1269S_my_nl_langinfo(const int item, bool toggle)
1270#endif
1271{
ae74815b 1272 dTHX;
f7416781 1273
ab340fff
KW		 1274#if defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) /* nl_langinfo() is available. */
1275#if ! defined(HAS_POSIX_2008_LOCALE)
f7416781 1276
ab340fff 1277 /* Here, use plain nl_langinfo(), switching to the underlying LC_NUMERIC
ae74815b
KW		 1278 * for those items dependent on it. This must be copied to a buffer before
1279 * switching back, as some systems destroy the buffer when setlocale() is
1280 * called */
f7416781
KW		 1281
1282 LOCALE_LOCK;
1283
1284 if (toggle) {
1285 if (item == PERL_RADIXCHAR || item == PERL_THOUSEP) {
837ce802 1286 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, PL_numeric_name);
f7416781
KW		 1287 }
1288 else {
1289 toggle = FALSE;
1290 }
1291 }
1292
1293 save_to_buffer(nl_langinfo(item), &PL_langinfo_buf, &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
1294
1295 if (toggle) {
837ce802 1296 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
f7416781
KW		 1297 }
1298
1299 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1300
1301 return PL_langinfo_buf;
1302
ab340fff
KW		 1303# else /* Use nl_langinfo_l(), avoiding both a mutex and changing the locale */
1304
1305 bool do_free = FALSE;
1306 locale_t cur = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
1307
1308 if (cur == LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE) {
1309 cur = duplocale(LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
1310 do_free = TRUE;
1311 }
1312
1313 if ( toggle
1314 && (item == PERL_RADIXCHAR || item == PERL_THOUSEP))
1315 {
1316 cur = newlocale(LC_NUMERIC_MASK, PL_numeric_name, cur);
1317 do_free = TRUE;
1318 }
1319
1320 save_to_buffer(nl_langinfo_l(item, cur),
1321 &PL_langinfo_buf, &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
1322 if (do_free) {
1323 freelocale(cur);
1324 }
1325
1326 return PL_langinfo_buf;
1327
1328# endif
f7416781 1329#else /* Below, emulate nl_langinfo as best we can */
f7416781
KW		 1330# ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
1331
1332 const struct lconv* lc;
1333
1334# endif
1335# ifdef HAS_STRFTIME
1336
1337 struct tm tm;
1338 bool return_format = FALSE; /* Return the %format, not the value */
1339 const char * format;
1340
1341# endif
1342
1343 /* We copy the results to a per-thread buffer, even if not multi-threaded.
1344 * This is in part to simplify this code, and partly because we need a
1345 * buffer anyway for strftime(), and partly because a call of localeconv()
1346 * could otherwise wipe out the buffer, and the programmer would not be
1347 * expecting this, as this is a nl_langinfo() substitute after all, so s/he
1348 * might be thinking their localeconv() is safe until another localeconv()
1349 * call. */
1350
1351 switch (item) {
1352 Size_t len;
1353 const char * retval;
1354
1355 /* These 2 are unimplemented */
1356 case PERL_CODESET:
1357 case PERL_ERA: /* For use with strftime() %E modifier */
1358
1359 default:
1360 return "";
1361
1362 /* We use only an English set, since we don't know any more */
1363 case PERL_YESEXPR: return "^[+1yY]";
1364 case PERL_NOEXPR: return "^[-0nN]";
1365
1366# ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
1367
1368 case PERL_CRNCYSTR:
1369
1370 LOCALE_LOCK;
1371
1372 lc = localeconv();
1373 if (! lc || ! lc->currency_symbol || strEQ("", lc->currency_symbol))
1374 {
1375 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1376 return "";
1377 }
1378
1379 /* Leave the first spot empty to be filled in below */
1380 save_to_buffer(lc->currency_symbol, &PL_langinfo_buf,
1381 &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 1);
1382 if (lc->mon_decimal_point && strEQ(lc->mon_decimal_point, ""))
1383 { /* khw couldn't figure out how the localedef specifications
1384 would show that the $ should replace the radix; this is
1385 just a guess as to how it might work.*/
1386 *PL_langinfo_buf = '.';
1387 }
1388 else if (lc->p_cs_precedes) {
1389 *PL_langinfo_buf = '-';
1390 }
1391 else {
1392 *PL_langinfo_buf = '+';
1393 }
1394
1395 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1396 break;
1397
1398 case PERL_RADIXCHAR:
1399 case PERL_THOUSEP:
1400
1401 LOCALE_LOCK;
1402
1403 if (toggle) {
837ce802 1404 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, PL_numeric_name);
f7416781
KW		 1405 }
1406
1407 lc = localeconv();
1408 if (! lc) {
1409 retval = "";
1410 }
33394adc
KW		 1411 else {
1412 retval = (item == PERL_RADIXCHAR)
1413 ? lc->decimal_point
1414 : lc->thousands_sep;
1415 if (! retval) {
1416 retval = "";
1417 }
f7416781
KW		 1418 }
1419
1420 save_to_buffer(retval, &PL_langinfo_buf, &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
1421
1422 if (toggle) {
837ce802 1423 do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, "C");
f7416781
KW		 1424 }
1425
1426 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1427
1428 break;
1429
1430# endif
1431# ifdef HAS_STRFTIME
1432
1433 /* These are defined by C89, so we assume that strftime supports them,
1434 * and so are returned unconditionally; they may not be what the locale
1435 * actually says, but should give good enough results for someone using
1436 * them as formats (as opposed to trying to parse them to figure out
7d4bcc4a 1437 * what the locale says). The other format items are actually tested to
f7416781
KW		 1438 * verify they work on the platform */
1439 case PERL_D_FMT: return "%x";
1440 case PERL_T_FMT: return "%X";
1441 case PERL_D_T_FMT: return "%c";
1442
1443 /* These formats are only available in later strfmtime's */
1444 case PERL_ERA_D_FMT: case PERL_ERA_T_FMT: case PERL_ERA_D_T_FMT:
1445 case PERL_T_FMT_AMPM:
1446
1447 /* The rest can be gotten from most versions of strftime(). */
1448 case PERL_ABDAY_1: case PERL_ABDAY_2: case PERL_ABDAY_3:
1449 case PERL_ABDAY_4: case PERL_ABDAY_5: case PERL_ABDAY_6:
1450 case PERL_ABDAY_7:
1451 case PERL_ALT_DIGITS:
1452 case PERL_AM_STR: case PERL_PM_STR:
1453 case PERL_ABMON_1: case PERL_ABMON_2: case PERL_ABMON_3:
1454 case PERL_ABMON_4: case PERL_ABMON_5: case PERL_ABMON_6:
1455 case PERL_ABMON_7: case PERL_ABMON_8: case PERL_ABMON_9:
1456 case PERL_ABMON_10: case PERL_ABMON_11: case PERL_ABMON_12:
1457 case PERL_DAY_1: case PERL_DAY_2: case PERL_DAY_3: case PERL_DAY_4:
1458 case PERL_DAY_5: case PERL_DAY_6: case PERL_DAY_7:
1459 case PERL_MON_1: case PERL_MON_2: case PERL_MON_3: case PERL_MON_4:
1460 case PERL_MON_5: case PERL_MON_6: case PERL_MON_7: case PERL_MON_8:
1461 case PERL_MON_9: case PERL_MON_10: case PERL_MON_11: case PERL_MON_12:
1462
1463 LOCALE_LOCK;
1464
1465 init_tm(&tm); /* Precaution against core dumps */
1466 tm.tm_sec = 30;
1467 tm.tm_min = 30;
1468 tm.tm_hour = 6;
1469 tm.tm_year = 2017 - 1900;
1470 tm.tm_wday = 0;
1471 tm.tm_mon = 0;
1472 switch (item) {
1473 default:
1474 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1475 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: %s: %d: switch case: %d problem",
1476 __FILE__, __LINE__, item);
1477 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
1478
1479 case PERL_PM_STR: tm.tm_hour = 18;
1480 case PERL_AM_STR:
1481 format = "%p";
1482 break;
1483
1484 case PERL_ABDAY_7: tm.tm_wday++;
1485 case PERL_ABDAY_6: tm.tm_wday++;
1486 case PERL_ABDAY_5: tm.tm_wday++;
1487 case PERL_ABDAY_4: tm.tm_wday++;
1488 case PERL_ABDAY_3: tm.tm_wday++;
1489 case PERL_ABDAY_2: tm.tm_wday++;
1490 case PERL_ABDAY_1:
1491 format = "%a";
1492 break;
1493
1494 case PERL_DAY_7: tm.tm_wday++;
1495 case PERL_DAY_6: tm.tm_wday++;
1496 case PERL_DAY_5: tm.tm_wday++;
1497 case PERL_DAY_4: tm.tm_wday++;
1498 case PERL_DAY_3: tm.tm_wday++;
1499 case PERL_DAY_2: tm.tm_wday++;
1500 case PERL_DAY_1:
1501 format = "%A";
1502 break;
1503
1504 case PERL_ABMON_12: tm.tm_mon++;
1505 case PERL_ABMON_11: tm.tm_mon++;
1506 case PERL_ABMON_10: tm.tm_mon++;
1507 case PERL_ABMON_9: tm.tm_mon++;
1508 case PERL_ABMON_8: tm.tm_mon++;
1509 case PERL_ABMON_7: tm.tm_mon++;
1510 case PERL_ABMON_6: tm.tm_mon++;
1511 case PERL_ABMON_5: tm.tm_mon++;
1512 case PERL_ABMON_4: tm.tm_mon++;
1513 case PERL_ABMON_3: tm.tm_mon++;
1514 case PERL_ABMON_2: tm.tm_mon++;
1515 case PERL_ABMON_1:
1516 format = "%b";
1517 break;
1518
1519 case PERL_MON_12: tm.tm_mon++;
1520 case PERL_MON_11: tm.tm_mon++;
1521 case PERL_MON_10: tm.tm_mon++;
1522 case PERL_MON_9: tm.tm_mon++;
1523 case PERL_MON_8: tm.tm_mon++;
1524 case PERL_MON_7: tm.tm_mon++;
1525 case PERL_MON_6: tm.tm_mon++;
1526 case PERL_MON_5: tm.tm_mon++;
1527 case PERL_MON_4: tm.tm_mon++;
1528 case PERL_MON_3: tm.tm_mon++;
1529 case PERL_MON_2: tm.tm_mon++;
1530 case PERL_MON_1:
1531 format = "%B";
1532 break;
1533
1534 case PERL_T_FMT_AMPM:
1535 format = "%r";
1536 return_format = TRUE;
1537 break;
1538
1539 case PERL_ERA_D_FMT:
1540 format = "%Ex";
1541 return_format = TRUE;
1542 break;
1543
1544 case PERL_ERA_T_FMT:
1545 format = "%EX";
1546 return_format = TRUE;
1547 break;
1548
1549 case PERL_ERA_D_T_FMT:
1550 format = "%Ec";
1551 return_format = TRUE;
1552 break;
1553
1554 case PERL_ALT_DIGITS:
1555 tm.tm_wday = 0;
1556 format = "%Ow"; /* Find the alternate digit for 0 */
1557 break;
1558 }
1559
1560 /* We can't use my_strftime() because it doesn't look at tm_wday */
1561 while (0 == strftime(PL_langinfo_buf, PL_langinfo_bufsize,
1562 format, &tm))
1563 {
1564 /* A zero return means one of:
1565 * a) there wasn't enough space in PL_langinfo_buf
1566 * b) the format, like a plain %p, returns empty
1567 * c) it was an illegal format, though some implementations of
1568 * strftime will just return the illegal format as a plain
1569 * character sequence.
1570 *
1571 * To quickly test for case 'b)', try again but precede the
1572 * format with a plain character. If that result is still
1573 * empty, the problem is either 'a)' or 'c)' */
1574
1575 Size_t format_size = strlen(format) + 1;
1576 Size_t mod_size = format_size + 1;
1577 char * mod_format;
1578 char * temp_result;
1579
1580 Newx(mod_format, mod_size, char);
1581 Newx(temp_result, PL_langinfo_bufsize, char);
1582 *mod_format = '\a';
1583 my_strlcpy(mod_format + 1, format, mod_size);
1584 len = strftime(temp_result,
1585 PL_langinfo_bufsize,
1586 mod_format, &tm);
1587 Safefree(mod_format);
1588 Safefree(temp_result);
1589
1590 /* If 'len' is non-zero, it means that we had a case like %p
1591 * which means the current locale doesn't use a.m. or p.m., and
1592 * that is valid */
1593 if (len == 0) {
1594
1595 /* Here, still didn't work. If we get well beyond a
1596 * reasonable size, bail out to prevent an infinite loop. */
1597
1598 if (PL_langinfo_bufsize > 100 * format_size) {
1599 *PL_langinfo_buf = '\0';
1600 }
1601 else { /* Double the buffer size to retry; Add 1 in case
1602 original was 0, so we aren't stuck at 0. */
1603 PL_langinfo_bufsize *= 2;
1604 PL_langinfo_bufsize++;
1605 Renew(PL_langinfo_buf, PL_langinfo_bufsize, char);
1606 continue;
1607 }
1608 }
1609
1610 break;
1611 }
1612
1613 /* Here, we got a result.
1614 *
1615 * If the item is 'ALT_DIGITS', PL_langinfo_buf contains the
1616 * alternate format for wday 0. If the value is the same as the
1617 * normal 0, there isn't an alternate, so clear the buffer. */
1618 if ( item == PERL_ALT_DIGITS
1619 && strEQ(PL_langinfo_buf, "0"))
1620 {
1621 *PL_langinfo_buf = '\0';
1622 }
1623
1624 /* ALT_DIGITS is problematic. Experiments on it showed that
1625 * strftime() did not always work properly when going from alt-9 to
1626 * alt-10. Only a few locales have this item defined, and in all
1627 * of them on Linux that khw was able to find, nl_langinfo() merely
1628 * returned the alt-0 character, possibly doubled. Most Unicode
1629 * digits are in blocks of 10 consecutive code points, so that is
1630 * sufficient information for those scripts, as we can infer alt-1,
1631 * alt-2, .... But for a Japanese locale, a CJK ideographic 0 is
1632 * returned, and the CJK digits are not in code point order, so you
1633 * can't really infer anything. The localedef for this locale did
1634 * specify the succeeding digits, so that strftime() works properly
1635 * on them, without needing to infer anything. But the
1636 * nl_langinfo() return did not give sufficient information for the
1637 * caller to understand what's going on. So until there is
1638 * evidence that it should work differently, this returns the alt-0
1639 * string for ALT_DIGITS.
1640 *
1641 * wday was chosen because its range is all a single digit. Things
1642 * like tm_sec have two digits as the minimum: '00' */
1643
1644 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
1645
1646 /* If to return the format, not the value, overwrite the buffer
1647 * with it. But some strftime()s will keep the original format if
1648 * illegal, so change those to "" */
1649 if (return_format) {
1650 if (strEQ(PL_langinfo_buf, format)) {
1651 *PL_langinfo_buf = '\0';
1652 }
1653 else {
1654 save_to_buffer(format, &PL_langinfo_buf,
1655 &PL_langinfo_bufsize, 0);
1656 }
1657 }
1658
1659 break;
1660
1661# endif
1662
1663 }
1664
1665 return PL_langinfo_buf;
1666
1667#endif
1668
a4f00dcc 1669}
b385bb4d 1670
98994639
HS		 1671/*
1672 * Initialize locale awareness.
1673 */
1674int
1675Perl_init_i18nl10n(pTHX_ int printwarn)
1676{
0e92a118
KW		 1677 /* printwarn is
1678 *
1679 * 0 if not to output warning when setup locale is bad
1680 * 1 if to output warning based on value of PERL_BADLANG
1681 * >1 if to output regardless of PERL_BADLANG
1682 *
1683 * returns
98994639 1684 * 1 = set ok or not applicable,
0e92a118
KW		 1685 * 0 = fallback to a locale of lower priority
1686 * -1 = fallback to all locales failed, not even to the C locale
6b058d42
KW		 1687 *
1688 * Under -DDEBUGGING, if the environment variable PERL_DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT is
1689 * set, debugging information is output.
1690 *
1691 * This looks more complicated than it is, mainly due to the #ifdefs.
1692 *
1693 * We try to set LC_ALL to the value determined by the environment. If
1694 * there is no LC_ALL on this platform, we try the individual categories we
1695 * know about. If this works, we are done.
1696 *
1697 * But if it doesn't work, we have to do something else. We search the
1698 * environment variables ourselves instead of relying on the system to do
1699 * it. We look at, in order, LC_ALL, LANG, a system default locale (if we
1700 * think there is one), and the ultimate fallback "C". This is all done in
1701 * the same loop as above to avoid duplicating code, but it makes things
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1702 * more complex. The 'trial_locales' array is initialized with just one
1703 * element; it causes the behavior described in the paragraph above this to
1704 * happen. If that fails, we add elements to 'trial_locales', and do extra
1705 * loop iterations to cause the behavior described in this paragraph.
6b058d42
KW		 1706 *
1707 * On Ultrix, the locale MUST come from the environment, so there is
1708 * preliminary code to set it. I (khw) am not sure that it is necessary,
1709 * and that this couldn't be folded into the loop, but barring any real
1710 * platforms to test on, it's staying as-is
1711 *
1712 * A slight complication is that in embedded Perls, the locale may already
1713 * be set-up, and we don't want to get it from the normal environment
1714 * variables. This is handled by having a special environment variable
1715 * indicate we're in this situation. We simply set setlocale's 2nd
1716 * parameter to be a NULL instead of "". That indicates to setlocale that
1717 * it is not to change anything, but to return the current value,
1718 * effectively initializing perl's db to what the locale already is.
1719 *
1720 * We play the same trick with NULL if a LC_ALL succeeds. We call
1721 * setlocale() on the individual categores with NULL to get their existing
1722 * values for our db, instead of trying to change them.
1723 * */
98994639 1724
0e92a118
KW		 1725 int ok = 1;
1726
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1727#ifndef USE_LOCALE
1728
1729 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(printwarn);
1730
1731#else /* USE_LOCALE */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1732# ifdef __GLIBC__
1733
175c4cf9 1734 const char * const language = savepv(PerlEnv_getenv("LANGUAGE"));
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1735
1736# endif
65ebb059 1737
ccd65d51
KW		 1738 /* NULL uses the existing already set up locale */
1739 const char * const setlocale_init = (PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_SKIP_LOCALE_INIT"))
1740 ? NULL
1741 : "";
c3fcd832
KW		 1742 const char* trial_locales[5]; /* 5 = 1 each for "", LC_ALL, LANG, "", C */
1743 unsigned int trial_locales_count;
175c4cf9
KW		 1744 const char * const lc_all = savepv(PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL"));
1745 const char * const lang = savepv(PerlEnv_getenv("LANG"));
98994639 1746 bool setlocale_failure = FALSE;
65ebb059 1747 unsigned int i;
175c4cf9
KW		 1748
1749 /* A later getenv() could zap this, so only use here */
1750 const char * const bad_lang_use_once = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_BADLANG");
1751
1752 const bool locwarn = (printwarn > 1
e5f10d49
KW		 1753 || ( printwarn
1754 && ( ! bad_lang_use_once
22ff3130 1755 || (
e5f10d49
KW		 1756 /* disallow with "" or "0" */
1757 *bad_lang_use_once
1758 && strNE("0", bad_lang_use_once)))));
0e92a118 1759 bool done = FALSE;
e5f10d49
KW		 1760 char * sl_result[NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX + 1]; /* setlocale() return vals;
1761 not copied so must be
1762 looked at immediately */
1763 char * curlocales[NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX + 1]; /* current locale for given
1764 category; should have been
1765 copied so aren't volatile
1766 */
5d1187d1 1767 char * locale_param;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1768
1769# ifdef WIN32
1770
6bce99ee
JH		 1771 /* In some systems you can find out the system default locale
1772 * and use that as the fallback locale. */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1773# define SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
1774# endif
1775# ifdef SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
1776
65ebb059 1777 const char *system_default_locale = NULL;
98994639 1778
7d4bcc4a 1779# endif
948523db
KW		 1780
1781# ifndef DEBUGGING
1782# define DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(a,b,c)
1783# else
7d4bcc4a 1784
8298454c 1785 DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(cBOOL(PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT")));
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1786
1787# define DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(category, locale, result) \
2fcc0ca9
KW		 1788 STMT_START { \
1789 if (debug_initialization) { \
1790 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, \
1791 "%s:%d: %s\n", \
1792 __FILE__, __LINE__, \
a4f00dcc 1793 setlocale_debug_string(category, \
2fcc0ca9
KW		 1794 locale, \
1795 result)); \
1796 } \
1797 } STMT_END
2fcc0ca9 1798
948523db
KW		 1799/* Make sure the parallel arrays are properly set up */
1800# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
1801 assert(categories[LC_NUMERIC_INDEX] == LC_NUMERIC);
1802 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_NUMERIC_INDEX], "LC_NUMERIC"));
1803# endif
1804# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
1805 assert(categories[LC_CTYPE_INDEX] == LC_CTYPE);
1806 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_CTYPE_INDEX], "LC_CTYPE"));
1807# endif
1808# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
1809 assert(categories[LC_COLLATE_INDEX] == LC_COLLATE);
1810 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_COLLATE_INDEX], "LC_COLLATE"));
1811# endif
1812# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
1813 assert(categories[LC_TIME_INDEX] == LC_TIME);
1814 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_TIME_INDEX], "LC_TIME"));
1815# endif
1816# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
1817 assert(categories[LC_MESSAGES_INDEX] == LC_MESSAGES);
1818 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_MESSAGES_INDEX], "LC_MESSAGES"));
1819# endif
1820# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
1821 assert(categories[LC_MONETARY_INDEX] == LC_MONETARY);
1822 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_MONETARY_INDEX], "LC_MONETARY"));
1823# endif
1824# ifdef LC_ALL
1825 assert(categories[LC_ALL_INDEX] == LC_ALL);
1826 assert(strEQ(category_names[LC_ALL_INDEX], "LC_ALL"));
1827 assert(NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX == LC_ALL_INDEX);
1828# endif
1829# endif /* DEBUGGING */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1830# ifndef LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED
1831
0e92a118 1832 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(done);
5d1187d1 1833 PERL_UNUSED_VAR(locale_param);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1834
1835# else
98994639
HS		 1836
1837 /*
1838 * Ultrix setlocale(..., "") fails if there are no environment
1839 * variables from which to get a locale name.
1840 */
1841
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1842# ifdef LC_ALL
1843
98994639 1844 if (lang) {
948523db
KW		 1845 sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX] = do_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, setlocale_init);
1846 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(LC_ALL, setlocale_init, sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX]);
1847 if (sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX])
98994639
HS		 1848 done = TRUE;
1849 else
1850 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
1851 }
5d1187d1 1852 if (! setlocale_failure) {
948523db 1853 for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
e5f10d49
KW		 1854 locale_param = (! done && (lang || PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i])))
1855 ? setlocale_init
1856 : NULL;
1857 sl_result[i] = do_setlocale_r(categories[i], locale_param);
1858 if (! sl_result[i]) {
1859 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
1860 }
1861 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(categories[i], locale_param, sl_result[i]);
c835d6be 1862 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1863 }
1864
1865# endif /* LC_ALL */
e5f10d49 1866# endif /* LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED */
98994639 1867
65ebb059 1868 /* We try each locale in the list until we get one that works, or exhaust
20a240df
KW		 1869 * the list. Normally the loop is executed just once. But if setting the
1870 * locale fails, inside the loop we add fallback trials to the array and so
1871 * will execute the loop multiple times */
c3fcd832
KW		 1872 trial_locales[0] = setlocale_init;
1873 trial_locales_count = 1;
7d4bcc4a 1874
65ebb059
KW		 1875 for (i= 0; i < trial_locales_count; i++) {
1876 const char * trial_locale = trial_locales[i];
1877
1878 if (i > 0) {
1879
1880 /* XXX This is to preserve old behavior for LOCALE_ENVIRON_REQUIRED
1881 * when i==0, but I (khw) don't think that behavior makes much
1882 * sense */
1883 setlocale_failure = FALSE;
1884
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1885# ifdef SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
1886# ifdef WIN32
1887
65ebb059
KW		 1888 /* On Windows machines, an entry of "" after the 0th means to use
1889 * the system default locale, which we now proceed to get. */
1890 if (strEQ(trial_locale, "")) {
1891 unsigned int j;
1892
1893 /* Note that this may change the locale, but we are going to do
1894 * that anyway just below */
837ce802 1895 system_default_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, "");
5d1187d1 1896 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(LC_ALL, "", system_default_locale);
65ebb059 1897
7d4bcc4a 1898 /* Skip if invalid or if it's already on the list of locales to
65ebb059
KW		 1899 * try */
1900 if (! system_default_locale) {
1901 goto next_iteration;
1902 }
1903 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
1904 if (strEQ(system_default_locale, trial_locales[j])) {
1905 goto next_iteration;
1906 }
1907 }
1908
1909 trial_locale = system_default_locale;
1910 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1911# endif /* WIN32 */
1912# endif /* SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE */
65ebb059
KW		 1913 }
1914
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1915# ifdef LC_ALL
1916
948523db
KW		 1917 sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX] = do_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, trial_locale);
1918 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(LC_ALL, trial_locale, sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX]);
1919 if (! sl_result[LC_ALL_INDEX]) {
49c85077 1920 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
7cd8b568
KW		 1921 }
1922 else {
1923 /* Since LC_ALL succeeded, it should have changed all the other
1924 * categories it can to its value; so we massage things so that the
1925 * setlocales below just return their category's current values.
1926 * This adequately handles the case in NetBSD where LC_COLLATE may
1927 * not be defined for a locale, and setting it individually will
7d4bcc4a 1928 * fail, whereas setting LC_ALL succeeds, leaving LC_COLLATE set to
7cd8b568
KW		 1929 * the POSIX locale. */
1930 trial_locale = NULL;
1931 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1932
1933# endif /* LC_ALL */
98994639 1934
e5f10d49
KW		 1935 if (! setlocale_failure) {
1936 unsigned int j;
1937 for (j = 0; j < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; j++) {
1938 curlocales[j]
1939 = savepv(do_setlocale_r(categories[j], trial_locale));
1940 if (! curlocales[j]) {
1941 setlocale_failure = TRUE;
1942 }
1943 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(categories[j], trial_locale, curlocales[j]);
1944 }
c835d6be 1945
e5f10d49
KW		 1946 if (! setlocale_failure) { /* All succeeded */
1947 break; /* Exit trial_locales loop */
49c85077 1948 }
65ebb059 1949 }
98994639 1950
49c85077
KW		 1951 /* Here, something failed; will need to try a fallback. */
1952 ok = 0;
65ebb059 1953
49c85077
KW		 1954 if (i == 0) {
1955 unsigned int j;
98994639 1956
65ebb059 1957 if (locwarn) { /* Output failure info only on the first one */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1958
1959# ifdef LC_ALL
98994639 1960
49c85077
KW		 1961 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
1962 "perl: warning: Setting locale failed.\n");
98994639 1963
7d4bcc4a 1964# else /* !LC_ALL */
98994639 1965
49c85077
KW		 1966 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
1967 "perl: warning: Setting locale failed for the categories:\n\t");
7d4bcc4a 1968
e5f10d49
KW		 1969 for (j = 0; j < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; j++) {
1970 if (! curlocales[j]) {
1971 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, category_names[j]);
1972 }
1973 else {
1974 Safefree(curlocales[j]);
1975 }
1976 }
7d4bcc4a 1977
a782673d 1978 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "and possibly others\n");
98994639 1979
7d4bcc4a 1980# endif /* LC_ALL */
98994639 1981
49c85077
KW		 1982 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
1983 "perl: warning: Please check that your locale settings:\n");
98994639 1984
7d4bcc4a
KW		 1985# ifdef __GLIBC__
1986
49c85077
KW		 1987 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
1988 "\tLANGUAGE = %c%s%c,\n",
1989 language ? '"' : '(',
1990 language ? language : "unset",
1991 language ? '"' : ')');
7d4bcc4a 1992# endif
98994639 1993
49c85077
KW		 1994 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
1995 "\tLC_ALL = %c%s%c,\n",
1996 lc_all ? '"' : '(',
1997 lc_all ? lc_all : "unset",
1998 lc_all ? '"' : ')');
98994639 1999
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2000# if defined(USE_ENVIRON_ARRAY)
2001
49c85077 2002 {
cd999af9 2003 char **e;
d5e32b93
KW		 2004
2005 /* Look through the environment for any variables of the
2006 * form qr/ ^ LC_ [A-Z]+ = /x, except LC_ALL which was
2007 * already handled above. These are assumed to be locale
2008 * settings. Output them and their values. */
cd999af9 2009 for (e = environ; *e; e++) {
d5e32b93
KW		 2010 const STRLEN prefix_len = sizeof("LC_") - 1;
2011 STRLEN uppers_len;
2012
cd999af9 2013 if ( strBEGINs(*e, "LC_")
c8b388b0 2014 && ! strBEGINs(*e, "LC_ALL=")
d5e32b93
KW		 2015 && (uppers_len = strspn(*e + prefix_len,
2016 "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ"))
2017 && ((*e)[prefix_len + uppers_len] == '='))
cd999af9
KW		 2018 {
2019 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log, "\t%.*s = \"%s\",\n",
d5e32b93
KW		 2020 (int) (prefix_len + uppers_len), *e,
2021 *e + prefix_len + uppers_len + 1);
cd999af9
KW		 2022 }
2023 }
49c85077 2024 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2025
2026# else
2027
49c85077
KW		 2028 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2029 "\t(possibly more locale environment variables)\n");
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2030
2031# endif
98994639 2032
49c85077
KW		 2033 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2034 "\tLANG = %c%s%c\n",
2035 lang ? '"' : '(',
2036 lang ? lang : "unset",
2037 lang ? '"' : ')');
98994639 2038
49c85077
KW		 2039 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2040 " are supported and installed on your system.\n");
2041 }
98994639 2042
65ebb059 2043 /* Calculate what fallback locales to try. We have avoided this
f6bab5f6 2044 * until we have to, because failure is quite unlikely. This will
65ebb059
KW		 2045 * usually change the upper bound of the loop we are in.
2046 *
2047 * Since the system's default way of setting the locale has not
2048 * found one that works, We use Perl's defined ordering: LC_ALL,
2049 * LANG, and the C locale. We don't try the same locale twice, so
2050 * don't add to the list if already there. (On POSIX systems, the
2051 * LC_ALL element will likely be a repeat of the 0th element "",
6b058d42
KW		 2052 * but there's no harm done by doing it explicitly.
2053 *
2054 * Note that this tries the LC_ALL environment variable even on
2055 * systems which have no LC_ALL locale setting. This may or may
2056 * not have been originally intentional, but there's no real need
2057 * to change the behavior. */
65ebb059
KW		 2058 if (lc_all) {
2059 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2060 if (strEQ(lc_all, trial_locales[j])) {
2061 goto done_lc_all;
2062 }
2063 }
2064 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = lc_all;
2065 }
2066 done_lc_all:
98994639 2067
65ebb059
KW		 2068 if (lang) {
2069 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2070 if (strEQ(lang, trial_locales[j])) {
2071 goto done_lang;
2072 }
2073 }
2074 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = lang;
2075 }
2076 done_lang:
2077
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2078# if defined(WIN32) && defined(LC_ALL)
2079
65ebb059
KW		 2080 /* For Windows, we also try the system default locale before "C".
2081 * (If there exists a Windows without LC_ALL we skip this because
2082 * it gets too complicated. For those, the "C" is the next
2083 * fallback possibility). The "" is the same as the 0th element of
2084 * the array, but the code at the loop above knows to treat it
2085 * differently when not the 0th */
2086 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = "";
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2087
2088# endif
65ebb059
KW		 2089
2090 for (j = 0; j < trial_locales_count; j++) {
2091 if (strEQ("C", trial_locales[j])) {
2092 goto done_C;
2093 }
2094 }
2095 trial_locales[trial_locales_count++] = "C";
98994639 2096
65ebb059
KW		 2097 done_C: ;
2098 } /* end of first time through the loop */
98994639 2099
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2100# ifdef WIN32
2101
65ebb059 2102 next_iteration: ;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2103
2104# endif
65ebb059
KW		 2105
2106 } /* end of looping through the trial locales */
2107
2108 if (ok < 1) { /* If we tried to fallback */
2109 const char* msg;
2110 if (! setlocale_failure) { /* fallback succeeded */
2111 msg = "Falling back to";
2112 }
2113 else { /* fallback failed */
e5f10d49 2114 unsigned int j;
98994639 2115
65ebb059
KW		 2116 /* We dropped off the end of the loop, so have to decrement i to
2117 * get back to the value the last time through */
2118 i--;
98994639 2119
65ebb059
KW		 2120 ok = -1;
2121 msg = "Failed to fall back to";
2122
2123 /* To continue, we should use whatever values we've got */
7d4bcc4a 2124
e5f10d49
KW		 2125 for (j = 0; j < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; j++) {
2126 Safefree(curlocales[j]);
2127 curlocales[j] = savepv(do_setlocale_r(categories[j], NULL));
2128 DEBUG_LOCALE_INIT(categories[j], NULL, curlocales[j]);
2129 }
65ebb059
KW		 2130 }
2131
2132 if (locwarn) {
2133 const char * description;
2134 const char * name = "";
2135 if (strEQ(trial_locales[i], "C")) {
2136 description = "the standard locale";
2137 name = "C";
2138 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2139
2140# ifdef SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE
2141
65ebb059
KW		 2142 else if (strEQ(trial_locales[i], "")) {
2143 description = "the system default locale";
2144 if (system_default_locale) {
2145 name = system_default_locale;
2146 }
2147 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2148
2149# endif /* SYSTEM_DEFAULT_LOCALE */
2150
65ebb059
KW		 2151 else {
2152 description = "a fallback locale";
2153 name = trial_locales[i];
2154 }
2155 if (name && strNE(name, "")) {
2156 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2157 "perl: warning: %s %s (\"%s\").\n", msg, description, name);
2158 }
2159 else {
2160 PerlIO_printf(Perl_error_log,
2161 "perl: warning: %s %s.\n", msg, description);
2162 }
2163 }
2164 } /* End of tried to fallback */
98994639 2165
e5f10d49
KW		 2166 /* Done with finding the locales; update our records */
2167
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2168# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
2169
948523db 2170 new_ctype(curlocales[LC_CTYPE_INDEX]);
98994639 2171
e5f10d49 2172# endif
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2173# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2174
948523db 2175 new_collate(curlocales[LC_COLLATE_INDEX]);
98994639 2176
e5f10d49 2177# endif
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2178# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
2179
948523db 2180 new_numeric(curlocales[LC_NUMERIC_INDEX]);
e5f10d49
KW		 2181
2182# endif
2183
e5f10d49 2184
948523db 2185 for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++) {
e5f10d49
KW		 2186 Safefree(curlocales[i]);
2187 }
b310b053 2188
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2189# if defined(USE_PERLIO) && defined(USE_LOCALE_CTYPE)
2190
49c85077
KW		 2191 /* Set PL_utf8locale to TRUE if using PerlIO _and_ the current LC_CTYPE
2192 * locale is UTF-8. If PL_utf8locale and PL_unicode (set by -C or by
2193 * $ENV{PERL_UNICODE}) are true, perl.c:S_parse_body() will turn on the
2194 * PerlIO :utf8 layer on STDIN, STDOUT, STDERR, _and_ the default open
2195 * discipline. */
c1284011 2196 PL_utf8locale = _is_cur_LC_category_utf8(LC_CTYPE);
49c85077 2197
a05d7ebb 2198 /* Set PL_unicode to $ENV{PERL_UNICODE} if using PerlIO.
fde18df1
JH		 2199 This is an alternative to using the -C command line switch
2200 (the -C if present will override this). */
2201 {
dd374669 2202 const char *p = PerlEnv_getenv("PERL_UNICODE");
a05d7ebb 2203 PL_unicode = p ? parse_unicode_opts(&p) : 0;
5a22a2bb
NC		 2204 if (PL_unicode & PERL_UNICODE_UTF8CACHEASSERT_FLAG)
2205 PL_utf8cache = -1;
b310b053
JH		 2206 }
2207
7d4bcc4a 2208# endif
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2209# ifdef __GLIBC__
2210
175c4cf9 2211 Safefree(language);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2212
2213# endif
175c4cf9
KW		 2214
2215 Safefree(lc_all);
2216 Safefree(lang);
2217
e3305790 2218#endif /* USE_LOCALE */
2fcc0ca9 2219#ifdef DEBUGGING
7d4bcc4a 2220
2fcc0ca9 2221 /* So won't continue to output stuff */
27cdc72e 2222 DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(FALSE);
7d4bcc4a 2223
2fcc0ca9
KW		 2224#endif
2225
98994639
HS		 2226 return ok;
2227}
2228
98994639
HS		 2229#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
2230
a4a439fb 2231char *
a4a439fb
KW		 2232Perl__mem_collxfrm(pTHX_ const char *input_string,
2233 STRLEN len, /* Length of 'input_string' */
2234 STRLEN *xlen, /* Set to length of returned string
2235 (not including the collation index
2236 prefix) */
2237 bool utf8 /* Is the input in UTF-8? */
6696cfa7 2238 )
98994639 2239{
a4a439fb
KW		 2240
2241 /* _mem_collxfrm() is a bit like strxfrm() but with two important
2242 * differences. First, it handles embedded NULs. Second, it allocates a bit
2243 * more memory than needed for the transformed data itself. The real
55e5378d 2244 * transformed data begins at offset COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN. *xlen is set to
a4a439fb
KW		 2245 * the length of that, and doesn't include the collation index size.
2246 * Please see sv_collxfrm() to see how this is used. */
2247
55e5378d
KW		 2248#define COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN sizeof(PL_collation_ix)
2249
6696cfa7
KW		 2250 char * s = (char *) input_string;
2251 STRLEN s_strlen = strlen(input_string);
79f120c8 2252 char *xbuf = NULL;
55e5378d 2253 STRLEN xAlloc; /* xalloc is a reserved word in VC */
17f41037 2254 STRLEN length_in_chars;
c664130f 2255 bool first_time = TRUE; /* Cleared after first loop iteration */
98994639 2256
a4a439fb
KW		 2257 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT__MEM_COLLXFRM;
2258
2259 /* Must be NUL-terminated */
2260 assert(*(input_string + len) == '\0');
7918f24d 2261
79f120c8
KW		 2262 /* If this locale has defective collation, skip */
2263 if (PL_collxfrm_base == 0 && PL_collxfrm_mult == 0) {
c7202dee
KW		 2264 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2265 "_mem_collxfrm: locale's collation is defective\n"));
79f120c8
KW		 2266 goto bad;
2267 }
2268
6696cfa7
KW		 2269 /* Replace any embedded NULs with the control that sorts before any others.
2270 * This will give as good as possible results on strings that don't
2271 * otherwise contain that character, but otherwise there may be
2272 * less-than-perfect results with that character and NUL. This is
fdc080f3 2273 * unavoidable unless we replace strxfrm with our own implementation. */
fd43f63c
KW		 2274 if (UNLIKELY(s_strlen < len)) { /* Only execute if there is an embedded
2275 NUL */
6696cfa7
KW		 2276 char * e = s + len;
2277 char * sans_nuls;
fdc080f3 2278 STRLEN sans_nuls_len;
94762aa0 2279 int try_non_controls;
afc4976f
KW		 2280 char this_replacement_char[] = "?\0"; /* Room for a two-byte string,
2281 making sure 2nd byte is NUL.
2282 */
2283 STRLEN this_replacement_len;
2284
1e4c9676
KW		 2285 /* If we don't know what non-NUL control character sorts lowest for
2286 * this locale, find it */
f28f4d2a 2287 if (PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement == '\0') {
6696cfa7 2288 int j;
afc4976f 2289 char * cur_min_x = NULL; /* The min_char's xfrm, (except it also
6696cfa7
KW		 2290 includes the collation index
2291 prefixed. */
2292
91c0e2e0 2293 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Looking to replace NUL\n"));
94762aa0
KW		 2294
2295 /* Unlikely, but it may be that no control will work to replace
1e4c9676
KW		 2296 * NUL, in which case we instead look for any character. Controls
2297 * are preferred because collation order is, in general, context
2298 * sensitive, with adjoining characters affecting the order, and
2299 * controls are less likely to have such interactions, allowing the
2300 * NUL-replacement to stand on its own. (Another way to look at it
2301 * is to imagine what would happen if the NUL were replaced by a
2302 * combining character; it wouldn't work out all that well.) */
94762aa0
KW		 2303 for (try_non_controls = 0;
2304 try_non_controls < 2;
2305 try_non_controls++)
2306 {
d4ff9586
KW		 2307 /* Look through all legal code points (NUL isn't) */
2308 for (j = 1; j < 256; j++) {
2309 char * x; /* j's xfrm plus collation index */
2310 STRLEN x_len; /* length of 'x' */
2311 STRLEN trial_len = 1;
736a4fed 2312 char cur_source[] = { '\0', '\0' };
d4ff9586 2313
736a4fed
KW		 2314 /* Skip non-controls the first time through the loop. The
2315 * controls in a UTF-8 locale are the L1 ones */
afc4976f
KW		 2316 if (! try_non_controls && (PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale)
2317 ? ! isCNTRL_L1(j)
2318 : ! isCNTRL_LC(j))
2319 {
d4ff9586 2320 continue;
6696cfa7 2321 }
6696cfa7 2322
736a4fed
KW		 2323 /* Create a 1-char string of the current code point */
2324 cur_source[0] = (char) j;
2325
d4ff9586
KW		 2326 /* Then transform it */
2327 x = _mem_collxfrm(cur_source, trial_len, &x_len,
afc4976f 2328 0 /* The string is not in UTF-8 */);
6696cfa7 2329
1e4c9676 2330 /* Ignore any character that didn't successfully transform.
d4ff9586
KW		 2331 * */
2332 if (! x) {
2333 continue;
2334 }
6696cfa7 2335
d4ff9586
KW		 2336 /* If this character's transformation is lower than
2337 * the current lowest, this one becomes the lowest */
2338 if ( cur_min_x == NULL
2339 || strLT(x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
2340 cur_min_x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN))
2341 {
f28f4d2a 2342 PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement = j;
d4ff9586 2343 cur_min_x = x;
d4ff9586
KW		 2344 }
2345 else {
2346 Safefree(x);
2347 }
1e4c9676 2348 } /* end of loop through all 255 characters */
6696cfa7 2349
1e4c9676 2350 /* Stop looking if found */
94762aa0
KW		 2351 if (cur_min_x) {
2352 break;
2353 }
2354
2355 /* Unlikely, but possible, if there aren't any controls that
2356 * work in the locale, repeat the loop, looking for any
2357 * character that works */
2358 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2359 "_mem_collxfrm: No control worked. Trying non-controls\n"));
1e4c9676 2360 } /* End of loop to try first the controls, then any char */
6696cfa7 2361
94762aa0
KW		 2362 if (! cur_min_x) {
2363 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2364 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't find any character to replace"
2365 " embedded NULs in locale %s with", PL_collation_name));
2366 goto bad;
58eebef2
KW		 2367 }
2368
94762aa0
KW		 2369 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2370 "_mem_collxfrm: Replacing embedded NULs in locale %s with "
f28f4d2a 2371 "0x%02X\n", PL_collation_name, PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement));
94762aa0 2372
6696cfa7 2373 Safefree(cur_min_x);
1e4c9676 2374 } /* End of determining the character that is to replace NULs */
afc4976f
KW		 2375
2376 /* If the replacement is variant under UTF-8, it must match the
2377 * UTF8-ness as the original */
f28f4d2a
KW		 2378 if ( ! UVCHR_IS_INVARIANT(PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement) && utf8) {
2379 this_replacement_char[0] =
2380 UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_HI(PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement);
2381 this_replacement_char[1] =
2382 UTF8_EIGHT_BIT_LO(PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement);
afc4976f
KW		 2383 this_replacement_len = 2;
2384 }
2385 else {
f28f4d2a 2386 this_replacement_char[0] = PL_strxfrm_NUL_replacement;
afc4976f
KW		 2387 /* this_replacement_char[1] = '\0' was done at initialization */
2388 this_replacement_len = 1;
6696cfa7
KW		 2389 }
2390
2391 /* The worst case length for the replaced string would be if every
2392 * character in it is NUL. Multiply that by the length of each
2393 * replacement, and allow for a trailing NUL */
afc4976f 2394 sans_nuls_len = (len * this_replacement_len) + 1;
fdc080f3 2395 Newx(sans_nuls, sans_nuls_len, char);
6696cfa7
KW		 2396 *sans_nuls = '\0';
2397
6696cfa7
KW		 2398 /* Replace each NUL with the lowest collating control. Loop until have
2399 * exhausted all the NULs */
2400 while (s + s_strlen < e) {
6069d6c5 2401 my_strlcat(sans_nuls, s, sans_nuls_len);
6696cfa7
KW		 2402
2403 /* Do the actual replacement */
6069d6c5 2404 my_strlcat(sans_nuls, this_replacement_char, sans_nuls_len);
6696cfa7
KW		 2405
2406 /* Move past the input NUL */
2407 s += s_strlen + 1;
2408 s_strlen = strlen(s);
2409 }
2410
2411 /* And add anything that trails the final NUL */
6069d6c5 2412 my_strlcat(sans_nuls, s, sans_nuls_len);
6696cfa7
KW		 2413
2414 /* Switch so below we transform this modified string */
2415 s = sans_nuls;
2416 len = strlen(s);
1e4c9676 2417 } /* End of replacing NULs */
6696cfa7 2418
a4a439fb
KW		 2419 /* Make sure the UTF8ness of the string and locale match */
2420 if (utf8 != PL_in_utf8_COLLATE_locale) {
2421 const char * const t = s; /* Temporary so we can later find where the
2422 input was */
2423
2424 /* Here they don't match. Change the string's to be what the locale is
2425 * expecting */
2426
2427 if (! utf8) { /* locale is UTF-8, but input isn't; upgrade the input */
2428 s = (char *) bytes_to_utf8((const U8 *) s, &len);
2429 utf8 = TRUE;
2430 }
2431 else { /* locale is not UTF-8; but input is; downgrade the input */
2432
2433 s = (char *) bytes_from_utf8((const U8 *) s, &len, &utf8);
2434
2435 /* If the downgrade was successful we are done, but if the input
2436 * contains things that require UTF-8 to represent, have to do
2437 * damage control ... */
2438 if (UNLIKELY(utf8)) {
2439
2440 /* What we do is construct a non-UTF-8 string with
2441 * 1) the characters representable by a single byte converted
2442 * to be so (if necessary);
2443 * 2) and the rest converted to collate the same as the
2444 * highest collating representable character. That makes
2445 * them collate at the end. This is similar to how we
2446 * handle embedded NULs, but we use the highest collating
2447 * code point instead of the smallest. Like the NUL case,
2448 * this isn't perfect, but is the best we can reasonably
2449 * do. Every above-255 code point will sort the same as
2450 * the highest-sorting 0-255 code point. If that code
2451 * point can combine in a sequence with some other code
2452 * points for weight calculations, us changing something to
2453 * be it can adversely affect the results. But in most
2454 * cases, it should work reasonably. And note that this is
2455 * really an illegal situation: using code points above 255
2456 * on a locale where only 0-255 are valid. If two strings
2457 * sort entirely equal, then the sort order for the
2458 * above-255 code points will be in code point order. */
2459
2460 utf8 = FALSE;
2461
2462 /* If we haven't calculated the code point with the maximum
2463 * collating order for this locale, do so now */
2464 if (! PL_strxfrm_max_cp) {
2465 int j;
2466
2467 /* The current transformed string that collates the
2468 * highest (except it also includes the prefixed collation
2469 * index. */
2470 char * cur_max_x = NULL;
2471
2472 /* Look through all legal code points (NUL isn't) */
2473 for (j = 1; j < 256; j++) {
2474 char * x;
2475 STRLEN x_len;
736a4fed 2476 char cur_source[] = { '\0', '\0' };
a4a439fb 2477
736a4fed
KW		 2478 /* Create a 1-char string of the current code point */
2479 cur_source[0] = (char) j;
a4a439fb
KW		 2480
2481 /* Then transform it */
2482 x = _mem_collxfrm(cur_source, 1, &x_len, FALSE);
2483
2484 /* If something went wrong (which it shouldn't), just
2485 * ignore this code point */
94762aa0 2486 if (! x) {
a4a439fb
KW		 2487 continue;
2488 }
2489
2490 /* If this character's transformation is higher than
2491 * the current highest, this one becomes the highest */
2492 if ( cur_max_x == NULL
55e5378d
KW		 2493 || strGT(x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
2494 cur_max_x + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN))
a4a439fb
KW		 2495 {
2496 PL_strxfrm_max_cp = j;
2497 cur_max_x = x;
2498 }
2499 else {
2500 Safefree(x);
2501 }
2502 }
2503
94762aa0
KW		 2504 if (! cur_max_x) {
2505 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2506 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't find any character to"
2507 " replace above-Latin1 chars in locale %s with",
2508 PL_collation_name));
2509 goto bad;
2510 }
2511
58eebef2
KW		 2512 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2513 "_mem_collxfrm: highest 1-byte collating character"
2514 " in locale %s is 0x%02X\n",
2515 PL_collation_name,
2516 PL_strxfrm_max_cp));
58eebef2 2517
a4a439fb
KW		 2518 Safefree(cur_max_x);
2519 }
2520
2521 /* Here we know which legal code point collates the highest.
2522 * We are ready to construct the non-UTF-8 string. The length
2523 * will be at least 1 byte smaller than the input string
2524 * (because we changed at least one 2-byte character into a
2525 * single byte), but that is eaten up by the trailing NUL */
2526 Newx(s, len, char);
2527
2528 {
2529 STRLEN i;
2530 STRLEN d= 0;
042d9e50 2531 char * e = (char *) t + len;
a4a439fb
KW		 2532
2533 for (i = 0; i < len; i+= UTF8SKIP(t + i)) {
2534 U8 cur_char = t[i];
2535 if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(cur_char)) {
2536 s[d++] = cur_char;
2537 }
042d9e50 2538 else if (UTF8_IS_NEXT_CHAR_DOWNGRADEABLE(t + i, e)) {
a4a439fb
KW		 2539 s[d++] = EIGHT_BIT_UTF8_TO_NATIVE(cur_char, t[i+1]);
2540 }
2541 else { /* Replace illegal cp with highest collating
2542 one */
2543 s[d++] = PL_strxfrm_max_cp;
2544 }
2545 }
2546 s[d++] = '\0';
2547 Renew(s, d, char); /* Free up unused space */
2548 }
2549 }
2550 }
2551
2552 /* Here, we have constructed a modified version of the input. It could
2553 * be that we already had a modified copy before we did this version.
2554 * If so, that copy is no longer needed */
2555 if (t != input_string) {
2556 Safefree(t);
2557 }
2558 }
2559
17f41037
KW		 2560 length_in_chars = (utf8)
2561 ? utf8_length((U8 *) s, (U8 *) s + len)
2562 : len;
2563
59c018b9
KW		 2564 /* The first element in the output is the collation id, used by
2565 * sv_collxfrm(); then comes the space for the transformed string. The
2566 * equation should give us a good estimate as to how much is needed */
55e5378d 2567 xAlloc = COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN
a4a439fb 2568 + PL_collxfrm_base
17f41037 2569 + (PL_collxfrm_mult * length_in_chars);
a02a5408 2570 Newx(xbuf, xAlloc, char);
c7202dee
KW		 2571 if (UNLIKELY(! xbuf)) {
2572 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2573 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't malloc %zu bytes\n", xAlloc));
98994639 2574 goto bad;
c7202dee 2575 }
98994639 2576
d35fca5f 2577 /* Store the collation id */
98994639 2578 *(U32*)xbuf = PL_collation_ix;
d35fca5f
KW		 2579
2580 /* Then the transformation of the input. We loop until successful, or we
2581 * give up */
4ebeff16 2582 for (;;) {
1adab0a7 2583
55e5378d 2584 *xlen = strxfrm(xbuf + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN, s, xAlloc - COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN);
4ebeff16
KW		 2585
2586 /* If the transformed string occupies less space than we told strxfrm()
2587 * was available, it means it successfully transformed the whole
2588 * string. */
55e5378d 2589 if (*xlen < xAlloc - COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN) {
17f41037 2590
1adab0a7
KW		 2591 /* Some systems include a trailing NUL in the returned length.
2592 * Ignore it, using a loop in case multiple trailing NULs are
2593 * returned. */
2594 while ( (*xlen) > 0
2595 && *(xbuf + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN + (*xlen) - 1) == '\0')
2596 {
2597 (*xlen)--;
2598 }
2599
17f41037
KW		 2600 /* If the first try didn't get it, it means our prediction was low.
2601 * Modify the coefficients so that we predict a larger value in any
2602 * future transformations */
2603 if (! first_time) {
2604 STRLEN needed = *xlen + 1; /* +1 For trailing NUL */
2605 STRLEN computed_guess = PL_collxfrm_base
2606 + (PL_collxfrm_mult * length_in_chars);
e1c30f0c
KW		 2607
2608 /* On zero-length input, just keep current slope instead of
2609 * dividing by 0 */
2610 const STRLEN new_m = (length_in_chars != 0)
2611 ? needed / length_in_chars
2612 : PL_collxfrm_mult;
17f41037
KW		 2613
2614 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4
KW		 2615 "%s: %d: initial size of %zu bytes for a length "
2616 "%zu string was insufficient, %zu needed\n",
17f41037 2617 __FILE__, __LINE__,
b07929e4 2618 computed_guess, length_in_chars, needed));
17f41037
KW		 2619
2620 /* If slope increased, use it, but discard this result for
2621 * length 1 strings, as we can't be sure that it's a real slope
2622 * change */
2623 if (length_in_chars > 1 && new_m > PL_collxfrm_mult) {
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2624
2625# ifdef DEBUGGING
2626
17f41037
KW		 2627 STRLEN old_m = PL_collxfrm_mult;
2628 STRLEN old_b = PL_collxfrm_base;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2629
2630# endif
2631
17f41037
KW		 2632 PL_collxfrm_mult = new_m;
2633 PL_collxfrm_base = 1; /* +1 For trailing NUL */
2634 computed_guess = PL_collxfrm_base
2635 + (PL_collxfrm_mult * length_in_chars);
2636 if (computed_guess < needed) {
2637 PL_collxfrm_base += needed - computed_guess;
2638 }
2639
2640 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4
KW		 2641 "%s: %d: slope is now %zu; was %zu, base "
2642 "is now %zu; was %zu\n",
17f41037 2643 __FILE__, __LINE__,
b07929e4
KW		 2644 PL_collxfrm_mult, old_m,
2645 PL_collxfrm_base, old_b));
17f41037
KW		 2646 }
2647 else { /* Slope didn't change, but 'b' did */
2648 const STRLEN new_b = needed
2649 - computed_guess
2650 + PL_collxfrm_base;
2651 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
b07929e4 2652 "%s: %d: base is now %zu; was %zu\n",
17f41037 2653 __FILE__, __LINE__,
b07929e4 2654 new_b, PL_collxfrm_base));
17f41037
KW		 2655 PL_collxfrm_base = new_b;
2656 }
2657 }
2658
4ebeff16
KW		 2659 break;
2660 }
bb0f664e 2661
c7202dee
KW		 2662 if (UNLIKELY(*xlen >= PERL_INT_MAX)) {
2663 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2664 "_mem_collxfrm: Needed %zu bytes, max permissible is %u\n",
2665 *xlen, PERL_INT_MAX));
4ebeff16 2666 goto bad;
c7202dee 2667 }
d35fca5f 2668
c664130f 2669 /* A well-behaved strxfrm() returns exactly how much space it needs
1adab0a7
KW		 2670 * (usually not including the trailing NUL) when it fails due to not
2671 * enough space being provided. Assume that this is the case unless
2672 * it's been proven otherwise */
c664130f 2673 if (LIKELY(PL_strxfrm_is_behaved) && first_time) {
55e5378d 2674 xAlloc = *xlen + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN + 1;
c664130f
KW		 2675 }
2676 else { /* Here, either:
2677 * 1) The strxfrm() has previously shown bad behavior; or
2678 * 2) It isn't the first time through the loop, which means
2679 * that the strxfrm() is now showing bad behavior, because
2680 * we gave it what it said was needed in the previous
2681 * iteration, and it came back saying it needed still more.
2682 * (Many versions of cygwin fit this. When the buffer size
2683 * isn't sufficient, they return the input size instead of
2684 * how much is needed.)
d4ff9586
KW		 2685 * Increase the buffer size by a fixed percentage and try again.
2686 * */
6ddd902c 2687 xAlloc += (xAlloc / 4) + 1;
c664130f 2688 PL_strxfrm_is_behaved = FALSE;
c664130f 2689
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2690# ifdef DEBUGGING
2691
58eebef2
KW		 2692 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
2693 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2694 "_mem_collxfrm required more space than previously calculated"
b07929e4 2695 " for locale %s, trying again with new guess=%d+%zu\n",
58eebef2 2696 PL_collation_name, (int) COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
b07929e4 2697 xAlloc - COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN);
58eebef2 2698 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2699
2700# endif
2701
58eebef2 2702 }
c664130f 2703
4ebeff16 2704 Renew(xbuf, xAlloc, char);
c7202dee
KW		 2705 if (UNLIKELY(! xbuf)) {
2706 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2707 "_mem_collxfrm: Couldn't realloc %zu bytes\n", xAlloc));
4ebeff16 2708 goto bad;
c7202dee 2709 }
c664130f
KW		 2710
2711 first_time = FALSE;
4ebeff16 2712 }
98994639 2713
6696cfa7 2714
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2715# ifdef DEBUGGING
2716
58eebef2 2717 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
c7202dee
KW		 2718
2719 print_collxfrm_input_and_return(s, s + len, xlen, utf8);
2720 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Its xfrm is:");
7e2f38b2
KW		 2721 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s\n",
2722 _byte_dump_string((U8 *) xbuf + COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN,
2723 *xlen, 1));
58eebef2 2724 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2725
2726# endif
58eebef2 2727
3c5f993e 2728 /* Free up unneeded space; retain ehough for trailing NUL */
55e5378d 2729 Renew(xbuf, COLLXFRM_HDR_LEN + *xlen + 1, char);
98994639 2730
6696cfa7
KW		 2731 if (s != input_string) {
2732 Safefree(s);
98994639
HS		 2733 }
2734
98994639
HS		 2735 return xbuf;
2736
2737 bad:
2738 Safefree(xbuf);
6696cfa7
KW		 2739 if (s != input_string) {
2740 Safefree(s);
2741 }
98994639 2742 *xlen = 0;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2743
2744# ifdef DEBUGGING
2745
58eebef2 2746 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST || debug_initialization) {
c7202dee 2747 print_collxfrm_input_and_return(s, s + len, NULL, utf8);
58eebef2 2748 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2749
2750# endif
2751
98994639
HS		 2752 return NULL;
2753}
2754
7d4bcc4a 2755# ifdef DEBUGGING
c7202dee 2756
4cbaac56 2757STATIC void
c7202dee
KW		 2758S_print_collxfrm_input_and_return(pTHX_
2759 const char * const s,
2760 const char * const e,
2761 const STRLEN * const xlen,
2762 const bool is_utf8)
2763{
c7202dee
KW		 2764
2765 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PRINT_COLLXFRM_INPUT_AND_RETURN;
2766
511e4ff7
DM		 2767 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "_mem_collxfrm[%" UVuf "]: returning ",
2768 (UV)PL_collation_ix);
c7202dee 2769 if (xlen) {
08b6dc1d 2770 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%zu", *xlen);
c7202dee
KW		 2771 }
2772 else {
2773 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "NULL");
2774 }
2775 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " for locale '%s', string='",
2776 PL_collation_name);
9c8a6dc2
KW		 2777 print_bytes_for_locale(s, e, is_utf8);
2778
2779 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "'\n");
2780}
2781
2782STATIC void
2783S_print_bytes_for_locale(pTHX_
2784 const char * const s,
2785 const char * const e,
2786 const bool is_utf8)
2787{
2788 const char * t = s;
2789 bool prev_was_printable = TRUE;
2790 bool first_time = TRUE;
2791
2792 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PRINT_BYTES_FOR_LOCALE;
c7202dee
KW		 2793
2794 while (t < e) {
2795 UV cp = (is_utf8)
2796 ? utf8_to_uvchr_buf((U8 *) t, e, NULL)
2797 : * (U8 *) t;
2798 if (isPRINT(cp)) {
2799 if (! prev_was_printable) {
2800 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " ");
2801 }
2802 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%c", (U8) cp);
2803 prev_was_printable = TRUE;
2804 }
2805 else {
2806 if (! first_time) {
2807 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, " ");
2808 }
147e3846 2809 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%02" UVXf, cp);
c7202dee
KW		 2810 prev_was_printable = FALSE;
2811 }
2812 t += (is_utf8) ? UTF8SKIP(t) : 1;
2813 first_time = FALSE;
2814 }
c7202dee
KW		 2815}
2816
7d4bcc4a 2817# endif /* #ifdef DEBUGGING */
98994639 2818#endif /* USE_LOCALE_COLLATE */
58eebef2 2819
8ef6e574
KW		 2820#ifdef USE_LOCALE
2821
c1284011
KW		 2822bool
2823Perl__is_cur_LC_category_utf8(pTHX_ int category)
7d74bb61
KW		 2824{
2825 /* Returns TRUE if the current locale for 'category' is UTF-8; FALSE
2826 * otherwise. 'category' may not be LC_ALL. If the platform doesn't have
119ee68b 2827 * nl_langinfo(), nor MB_CUR_MAX, this employs a heuristic, which hence
609548d2
KW		 2828 * could give the wrong result. The result will very likely be correct for
2829 * languages that have commonly used non-ASCII characters, but for notably
2830 * English, it comes down to if the locale's name ends in something like
2831 * "UTF-8". It errs on the side of not being a UTF-8 locale. */
7d74bb61
KW		 2832
2833 char *save_input_locale = NULL;
7d74bb61
KW		 2834 STRLEN final_pos;
2835
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2836# ifdef LC_ALL
2837
7d74bb61 2838 assert(category != LC_ALL);
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2839
2840# endif
7d74bb61
KW		 2841
2842 /* First dispose of the trivial cases */
837ce802 2843 save_input_locale = do_setlocale_r(category, NULL);
7d74bb61 2844 if (! save_input_locale) {
69014004
KW		 2845 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2846 "Could not find current locale for category %d\n",
2847 category));
7d74bb61
KW		 2848 return FALSE; /* XXX maybe should croak */
2849 }
b07fffd1 2850 save_input_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_input_locale));
a39edc4c 2851 if (isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(save_input_locale)) {
69014004
KW		 2852 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2853 "Current locale for category %d is %s\n",
2854 category, save_input_locale));
b07fffd1 2855 Safefree(save_input_locale);
7d74bb61
KW		 2856 return FALSE;
2857 }
2858
7d4bcc4a 2859# if defined(USE_LOCALE_CTYPE) \
1d958db2 2860 && (defined(MB_CUR_MAX) || (defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(CODESET)))
7d74bb61 2861
1d958db2 2862 { /* Next try nl_langinfo or MB_CUR_MAX if available */
7d74bb61
KW		 2863
2864 char *save_ctype_locale = NULL;
119ee68b 2865 bool is_utf8;
7d74bb61 2866
119ee68b 2867 if (category != LC_CTYPE) { /* These work only on LC_CTYPE */
7d74bb61
KW		 2868
2869 /* Get the current LC_CTYPE locale */
837ce802 2870 save_ctype_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
7d74bb61 2871 if (! save_ctype_locale) {
69014004
KW		 2872 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2873 "Could not find current locale for LC_CTYPE\n"));
7d74bb61
KW		 2874 goto cant_use_nllanginfo;
2875 }
4f72bb37 2876 save_ctype_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_ctype_locale));
7d74bb61
KW		 2877
2878 /* If LC_CTYPE and the desired category use the same locale, this
2879 * means that finding the value for LC_CTYPE is the same as finding
2880 * the value for the desired category. Otherwise, switch LC_CTYPE
2881 * to the desired category's locale */
2882 if (strEQ(save_ctype_locale, save_input_locale)) {
2883 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
2884 save_ctype_locale = NULL;
2885 }
837ce802 2886 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, save_input_locale)) {
69014004
KW		 2887 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2888 "Could not change LC_CTYPE locale to %s\n",
2889 save_input_locale));
7d74bb61
KW		 2890 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
2891 goto cant_use_nllanginfo;
2892 }
2893 }
2894
69014004
KW		 2895 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Current LC_CTYPE locale=%s\n",
2896 save_input_locale));
2897
7d74bb61 2898 /* Here the current LC_CTYPE is set to the locale of the category whose
1d958db2
KW		 2899 * information is desired. This means that nl_langinfo() and MB_CUR_MAX
2900 * should give the correct results */
119ee68b 2901
7d4bcc4a 2902# if defined(HAS_NL_LANGINFO) && defined(CODESET)
c70a3e68 2903 /* The task is easiest if has this POSIX 2001 function */
7d4bcc4a 2904
1d958db2 2905 {
c70a3e68
KW		 2906 const char *codeset = my_nl_langinfo(PERL_CODESET, FALSE);
2907 /* FALSE => already in dest locale */
119ee68b 2908
c70a3e68
KW		 2909 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2910 "\tnllanginfo returned CODESET '%s'\n", codeset));
2911
2912 if (codeset && strNE(codeset, "")) {
1d958db2
KW		 2913 /* If we switched LC_CTYPE, switch back */
2914 if (save_ctype_locale) {
837ce802 2915 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, save_ctype_locale);
1d958db2
KW		 2916 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
2917 }
2918
abc1d81d
KW		 2919 is_utf8 = ( ( strlen(codeset) == STRLENs("UTF-8")
2920 && foldEQ(codeset, STR_WITH_LEN("UTF-8")))
2921 || ( strlen(codeset) == STRLENs("UTF8")
2922 && foldEQ(codeset, STR_WITH_LEN("UTF8"))));
1d958db2 2923
69014004
KW		 2924 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2925 "\tnllanginfo returned CODESET '%s'; ?UTF8 locale=%d\n",
2926 codeset, is_utf8));
1d958db2
KW		 2927 Safefree(save_input_locale);
2928 return is_utf8;
2929 }
119ee68b
KW		 2930 }
2931
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2932# endif
2933# ifdef MB_CUR_MAX
1d958db2
KW		 2934
2935 /* Here, either we don't have nl_langinfo, or it didn't return a
2936 * codeset. Try MB_CUR_MAX */
2937
119ee68b
KW		 2938 /* Standard UTF-8 needs at least 4 bytes to represent the maximum
2939 * Unicode code point. Since UTF-8 is the only non-single byte
2940 * encoding we handle, we just say any such encoding is UTF-8, and if
2941 * turns out to be wrong, other things will fail */
2942 is_utf8 = MB_CUR_MAX >= 4;
2943
69014004
KW		 2944 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2945 "\tMB_CUR_MAX=%d; ?UTF8 locale=%d\n",
2946 (int) MB_CUR_MAX, is_utf8));
2947
119ee68b
KW		 2948 Safefree(save_input_locale);
2949
7d4bcc4a 2950# ifdef HAS_MBTOWC
119ee68b
KW		 2951
2952 /* ... But, most system that have MB_CUR_MAX will also have mbtowc(),
2953 * since they are both in the C99 standard. We can feed a known byte
2954 * string to the latter function, and check that it gives the expected
2955 * result */
2956 if (is_utf8) {
2957 wchar_t wc;
51fc4b19
KW		 2958 int len;
2959
856b881c 2960 PERL_UNUSED_RESULT(mbtowc(&wc, NULL, 0));/* Reset any shift state */
69014004 2961 errno = 0;
b1d4925c 2962 len = mbtowc(&wc, STR_WITH_LEN(REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER_UTF8));
51fc4b19 2963
b1d4925c
KW		 2964
2965 if ( len != STRLENs(REPLACEMENT_CHARACTER_UTF8)
5579633c 2966 || wc != (wchar_t) UNICODE_REPLACEMENT)
119ee68b
KW		 2967 {
2968 is_utf8 = FALSE;
b1d4925c
KW		 2969 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\replacement=U+%x\n",
2970 (unsigned int)wc));
69014004
KW		 2971 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
2972 "\treturn from mbtowc=%d; errno=%d; ?UTF8 locale=0\n",
51fc4b19 2973 len, errno));
119ee68b
KW		 2974 }
2975 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2976
2977# endif
119ee68b 2978
1d958db2
KW		 2979 /* If we switched LC_CTYPE, switch back */
2980 if (save_ctype_locale) {
837ce802 2981 do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, save_ctype_locale);
1d958db2 2982 Safefree(save_ctype_locale);
119ee68b 2983 }
7d74bb61 2984
1d958db2 2985 return is_utf8;
7d4bcc4a
KW		 2986
2987# endif
2988
7d74bb61 2989 }
119ee68b 2990
7d74bb61
KW		 2991 cant_use_nllanginfo:
2992
7d4bcc4a 2993# else /* nl_langinfo should work if available, so don't bother compiling this
0080c90a
KW		 2994 fallback code. The final fallback of looking at the name is
2995 compiled, and will be executed if nl_langinfo fails */
7d74bb61 2996
97f4de96
KW		 2997 /* nl_langinfo not available or failed somehow. Next try looking at the
2998 * currency symbol to see if it disambiguates things. Often that will be
2999 * in the native script, and if the symbol isn't in UTF-8, we know that the
3000 * locale isn't. If it is non-ASCII UTF-8, we infer that the locale is
609548d2
KW		 3001 * too, as the odds of a non-UTF8 string being valid UTF-8 are quite small
3002 * */
fa9b773e 3003
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3004# ifdef HAS_LOCALECONV
3005# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
3006
fa9b773e
KW		 3007 {
3008 char *save_monetary_locale = NULL;
fa9b773e 3009 bool only_ascii = FALSE;
13542a67
KW		 3010 bool is_utf8 = FALSE;
3011 struct lconv* lc;
fa9b773e 3012
97f4de96
KW		 3013 /* Like above for LC_CTYPE, we first set LC_MONETARY to the locale of
3014 * the desired category, if it isn't that locale already */
3015
fa9b773e
KW		 3016 if (category != LC_MONETARY) {
3017
837ce802 3018 save_monetary_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_MONETARY, NULL);
fa9b773e 3019 if (! save_monetary_locale) {
69014004
KW		 3020 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3021 "Could not find current locale for LC_MONETARY\n"));
fa9b773e
KW		 3022 goto cant_use_monetary;
3023 }
4f72bb37 3024 save_monetary_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_monetary_locale));
fa9b773e 3025
13542a67
KW		 3026 if (strEQ(save_monetary_locale, save_input_locale)) {
3027 Safefree(save_monetary_locale);
3028 save_monetary_locale = NULL;
3029 }
837ce802 3030 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_MONETARY, save_input_locale)) {
59c234b4
KW		 3031 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3032 "Could not change LC_MONETARY locale to %s\n",
3033 save_input_locale));
3034 Safefree(save_monetary_locale);
3035 goto cant_use_monetary;
fa9b773e
KW		 3036 }
3037 }
3038
3039 /* Here the current LC_MONETARY is set to the locale of the category
3040 * whose information is desired. */
3041
13542a67
KW		 3042 lc = localeconv();
3043 if (! lc
3044 || ! lc->currency_symbol
c5f058df 3045 || is_utf8_invariant_string((U8 *) lc->currency_symbol, 0))
13542a67
KW		 3046 {
3047 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Couldn't get currency symbol for %s, or contains only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale));
3048 only_ascii = TRUE;
3049 }
3050 else {
3051 is_utf8 = is_utf8_string((U8 *) lc->currency_symbol, 0);
fa9b773e
KW		 3052 }
3053
3054 /* If we changed it, restore LC_MONETARY to its original locale */
3055 if (save_monetary_locale) {
837ce802 3056 do_setlocale_c(LC_MONETARY, save_monetary_locale);
fa9b773e
KW		 3057 Safefree(save_monetary_locale);
3058 }
3059
13542a67 3060 if (! only_ascii) {
fa9b773e 3061
59c234b4
KW		 3062 /* It isn't a UTF-8 locale if the symbol is not legal UTF-8;
3063 * otherwise assume the locale is UTF-8 if and only if the symbol
3064 * is non-ascii UTF-8. */
3065 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t?Currency symbol for %s is UTF-8=%d\n",
3066 save_input_locale, is_utf8));
3067 Safefree(save_input_locale);
3068 return is_utf8;
13542a67 3069 }
fa9b773e
KW		 3070 }
3071 cant_use_monetary:
3072
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3073# endif /* USE_LOCALE_MONETARY */
3074# endif /* HAS_LOCALECONV */
fa9b773e 3075
7d4bcc4a 3076# if defined(HAS_STRFTIME) && defined(USE_LOCALE_TIME)
15f7e74e
KW		 3077
3078/* Still haven't found a non-ASCII string to disambiguate UTF-8 or not. Try
3079 * the names of the months and weekdays, timezone, and am/pm indicator */
3080 {
3081 char *save_time_locale = NULL;
3082 int hour = 10;
3083 bool is_dst = FALSE;
3084 int dom = 1;
3085 int month = 0;
3086 int i;
3087 char * formatted_time;
3088
3089
3090 /* Like above for LC_MONETARY, we set LC_TIME to the locale of the
3091 * desired category, if it isn't that locale already */
3092
3093 if (category != LC_TIME) {
3094
837ce802 3095 save_time_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, NULL);
15f7e74e
KW		 3096 if (! save_time_locale) {
3097 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3098 "Could not find current locale for LC_TIME\n"));
3099 goto cant_use_time;
3100 }
3101 save_time_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_time_locale));
3102
3103 if (strEQ(save_time_locale, save_input_locale)) {
3104 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3105 save_time_locale = NULL;
3106 }
837ce802 3107 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, save_input_locale)) {
15f7e74e
KW		 3108 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3109 "Could not change LC_TIME locale to %s\n",
3110 save_input_locale));
3111 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3112 goto cant_use_time;
3113 }
3114 }
3115
3116 /* Here the current LC_TIME is set to the locale of the category
3117 * whose information is desired. Look at all the days of the week and
9f10db87 3118 * month names, and the timezone and am/pm indicator for UTF-8 variant
15f7e74e
KW		 3119 * characters. The first such a one found will tell us if the locale
3120 * is UTF-8 or not */
3121
3122 for (i = 0; i < 7 + 12; i++) { /* 7 days; 12 months */
3123 formatted_time = my_strftime("%A %B %Z %p",
3ae5cd07 3124 0, 0, hour, dom, month, 2012 - 1900, 0, 0, is_dst);
c5f058df
KW		 3125 if ( ! formatted_time
3126 || is_utf8_invariant_string((U8 *) formatted_time, 0))
3127 {
15f7e74e
KW		 3128
3129 /* Here, we didn't find a non-ASCII. Try the next time through
3130 * with the complemented dst and am/pm, and try with the next
3131 * weekday. After we have gotten all weekdays, try the next
3132 * month */
3133 is_dst = ! is_dst;
3134 hour = (hour + 12) % 24;
3135 dom++;
3136 if (i > 6) {
3137 month++;
3138 }
3139 continue;
3140 }
3141
3142 /* Here, we have a non-ASCII. Return TRUE is it is valid UTF8;
3143 * false otherwise. But first, restore LC_TIME to its original
3144 * locale if we changed it */
3145 if (save_time_locale) {
837ce802 3146 do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, save_time_locale);
15f7e74e
KW		 3147 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3148 }
3149
3150 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t?time-related strings for %s are UTF-8=%d\n",
3151 save_input_locale,
3152 is_utf8_string((U8 *) formatted_time, 0)));
3153 Safefree(save_input_locale);
3154 return is_utf8_string((U8 *) formatted_time, 0);
3155 }
3156
3157 /* Falling off the end of the loop indicates all the names were just
3158 * ASCII. Go on to the next test. If we changed it, restore LC_TIME
3159 * to its original locale */
3160 if (save_time_locale) {
837ce802 3161 do_setlocale_c(LC_TIME, save_time_locale);
15f7e74e
KW		 3162 Safefree(save_time_locale);
3163 }
3164 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "All time-related words for %s contain only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale));
3165 }
3166 cant_use_time:
3167
7d4bcc4a 3168# endif
15f7e74e 3169
7d4bcc4a 3170# if 0 && defined(USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES) && defined(HAS_SYS_ERRLIST)
855aeb93
JH		 3171
3172/* This code is ifdefd out because it was found to not be necessary in testing
5857e934
KW		 3173 * on our dromedary test machine, which has over 700 locales. There, this
3174 * added no value to looking at the currency symbol and the time strings. I
3175 * left it in so as to avoid rewriting it if real-world experience indicates
3176 * that dromedary is an outlier. Essentially, instead of returning abpve if we
855aeb93
JH		 3177 * haven't found illegal utf8, we continue on and examine all the strerror()
3178 * messages on the platform for utf8ness. If all are ASCII, we still don't
3179 * know the answer; but otherwise we have a pretty good indication of the
5857e934
KW		 3180 * utf8ness. The reason this doesn't help much is that the messages may not
3181 * have been translated into the locale. The currency symbol and time strings
3182 * are much more likely to have been translated. */
3183 {
855aeb93 3184 int e;
5857e934
KW		 3185 bool is_utf8 = FALSE;
3186 bool non_ascii = FALSE;
855aeb93 3187 char *save_messages_locale = NULL;
5857e934 3188 const char * errmsg = NULL;
855aeb93 3189
5857e934
KW		 3190 /* Like above, we set LC_MESSAGES to the locale of the desired
3191 * category, if it isn't that locale already */
855aeb93
JH		 3192
3193 if (category != LC_MESSAGES) {
3194
837ce802 3195 save_messages_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, NULL);
855aeb93 3196 if (! save_messages_locale) {
5857e934
KW		 3197 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3198 "Could not find current locale for LC_MESSAGES\n"));
855aeb93
JH		 3199 goto cant_use_messages;
3200 }
5857e934 3201 save_messages_locale = stdize_locale(savepv(save_messages_locale));
855aeb93
JH		 3202
3203 if (strEQ(save_messages_locale, save_input_locale)) {
5857e934
KW		 3204 Safefree(save_messages_locale);
3205 save_messages_locale = NULL;
855aeb93 3206 }
837ce802 3207 else if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, save_input_locale)) {
5857e934
KW		 3208 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3209 "Could not change LC_MESSAGES locale to %s\n",
3210 save_input_locale));
855aeb93
JH		 3211 Safefree(save_messages_locale);
3212 goto cant_use_messages;
3213 }
3214 }
3215
3216 /* Here the current LC_MESSAGES is set to the locale of the category
5857e934
KW		 3217 * whose information is desired. Look through all the messages. We
3218 * can't use Strerror() here because it may expand to code that
3219 * segfaults in miniperl */
855aeb93 3220
5857e934
KW		 3221 for (e = 0; e <= sys_nerr; e++) {
3222 errno = 0;
3223 errmsg = sys_errlist[e];
3224 if (errno || !errmsg) {
855aeb93
JH		 3225 break;
3226 }
5857e934 3227 errmsg = savepv(errmsg);
c5f058df 3228 if (! is_utf8_invariant_string((U8 *) errmsg, 0)) {
5857e934
KW		 3229 non_ascii = TRUE;
3230 is_utf8 = is_utf8_string((U8 *) errmsg, 0);
3231 break;
855aeb93
JH		 3232 }
3233 }
5857e934 3234 Safefree(errmsg);
855aeb93
JH		 3235
3236 /* And, if we changed it, restore LC_MESSAGES to its original locale */
3237 if (save_messages_locale) {
837ce802 3238 do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, save_messages_locale);
855aeb93
JH		 3239 Safefree(save_messages_locale);
3240 }
3241
5857e934
KW		 3242 if (non_ascii) {
3243
3244 /* Any non-UTF-8 message means not a UTF-8 locale; if all are valid,
3245 * any non-ascii means it is one; otherwise we assume it isn't */
3246 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\t?error messages for %s are UTF-8=%d\n",
3247 save_input_locale,
3248 is_utf8));
3249 Safefree(save_input_locale);
3250 return is_utf8;
3251 }
855aeb93 3252
5857e934 3253 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "All error messages for %s contain only ASCII; can't use for determining if UTF-8 locale\n", save_input_locale));
855aeb93
JH		 3254 }
3255 cant_use_messages:
3256
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3257# endif
3258# endif /* the code that is compiled when no nl_langinfo */
0080c90a 3259
7d4bcc4a 3260# ifndef EBCDIC /* On os390, even if the name ends with "UTF-8', it isn't a
92c0a900 3261 UTF-8 locale */
7d4bcc4a 3262
97f4de96
KW		 3263 /* As a last resort, look at the locale name to see if it matches
3264 * qr/UTF -? * 8 /ix, or some other common locale names. This "name", the
3265 * return of setlocale(), is actually defined to be opaque, so we can't
3266 * really rely on the absence of various substrings in the name to indicate
3267 * its UTF-8ness, but if it has UTF8 in the name, it is extremely likely to
3268 * be a UTF-8 locale. Similarly for the other common names */
3269
3270 final_pos = strlen(save_input_locale) - 1;
3271 if (final_pos >= 3) {
3272 char *name = save_input_locale;
3273
3274 /* Find next 'U' or 'u' and look from there */
3275 while ((name += strcspn(name, "Uu") + 1)
3276 <= save_input_locale + final_pos - 2)
3277 {
c72493e0 3278 if ( isALPHA_FOLD_NE(*name, 't')
305b8651 3279 || isALPHA_FOLD_NE(*(name + 1), 'f'))
97f4de96
KW		 3280 {
3281 continue;
3282 }
3283 name += 2;
3284 if (*(name) == '-') {
3285 if ((name > save_input_locale + final_pos - 1)) {
3286 break;
3287 }
3288 name++;
3289 }
3290 if (*(name) == '8') {
97f4de96
KW		 3291 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3292 "Locale %s ends with UTF-8 in name\n",
3293 save_input_locale));
00c54b9c 3294 Safefree(save_input_locale);
97f4de96
KW		 3295 return TRUE;
3296 }
3297 }
3298 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3299 "Locale %s doesn't end with UTF-8 in name\n",
3300 save_input_locale));
3301 }
3302
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3303# endif
3304# ifdef WIN32
3305
97f4de96 3306 /* http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/dd317756.aspx */
8a0832a1 3307 if (memENDs(save_input_locale, final_pos, "65001")) {
97f4de96 3308 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
8a0832a1 3309 "Locale %s ends with 65001 in name, is UTF-8 locale\n",
97f4de96
KW		 3310 save_input_locale));
3311 Safefree(save_input_locale);
3312 return TRUE;
3313 }
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3314
3315# endif
97f4de96
KW		 3316
3317 /* Other common encodings are the ISO 8859 series, which aren't UTF-8. But
3318 * since we are about to return FALSE anyway, there is no point in doing
3319 * this extra work */
7d4bcc4a
KW		 3320
3321# if 0
97f4de96
KW		 3322 if (instr(save_input_locale, "8859")) {
3323 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3324 "Locale %s has 8859 in name, not UTF-8 locale\n",
3325 save_input_locale));
3326 Safefree(save_input_locale);
3327 return FALSE;
3328 }
7d4bcc4a 3329# endif
97f4de96 3330
69014004
KW		 3331 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3332 "Assuming locale %s is not a UTF-8 locale\n",
3333 save_input_locale));
fa9b773e 3334 Safefree(save_input_locale);
7d74bb61
KW		 3335 return FALSE;
3336}
3337
8ef6e574 3338#endif
7d74bb61 3339
d6ded950
KW		 3340
3341bool
3342Perl__is_in_locale_category(pTHX_ const bool compiling, const int category)
3343{
1a4f13e1 3344 dVAR;
d6ded950
KW		 3345 /* Internal function which returns if we are in the scope of a pragma that
3346 * enables the locale category 'category'. 'compiling' should indicate if
3347 * this is during the compilation phase (TRUE) or not (FALSE). */
3348
3349 const COP * const cop = (compiling) ? &PL_compiling : PL_curcop;
3350
3351 SV *categories = cop_hints_fetch_pvs(cop, "locale", 0);
3352 if (! categories || categories == &PL_sv_placeholder) {
3353 return FALSE;
3354 }
3355
3356 /* The pseudo-category 'not_characters' is -1, so just add 1 to each to get
3357 * a valid unsigned */
3358 assert(category >= -1);
3359 return cBOOL(SvUV(categories) & (1U << (category + 1)));
3360}
3361
2c6ee1a7 3362char *
6ebbc862
KW		 3363Perl_my_strerror(pTHX_ const int errnum)
3364{
3365 /* Returns a mortalized copy of the text of the error message associated
3366 * with 'errnum'. It uses the current locale's text unless the platform
3367 * doesn't have the LC_MESSAGES category or we are not being called from
3368 * within the scope of 'use locale'. In the former case, it uses whatever
3369 * strerror returns; in the latter case it uses the text from the C locale.
3370 *
3371 * The function just calls strerror(), but temporarily switches, if needed,
3372 * to the C locale */
3373
3374 char *errstr;
52770946 3375 dVAR;
6ebbc862 3376
52770946 3377#ifndef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
6ebbc862 3378
52770946
KW		 3379 /* If platform doesn't have messages category, we don't do any switching to
3380 * the C locale; we just use whatever strerror() returns */
3381
3382 errstr = savepv(Strerror(errnum));
3383
3384#else /* Has locale messages */
3385
3386 const bool within_locale_scope = IN_LC(LC_MESSAGES);
2c6ee1a7 3387
7aaa36b1
KW		 3388# if defined(HAS_POSIX_2008_LOCALE) && defined(HAS_STRERROR_L)
3389
43cb6651
KW		 3390 /* This function is trivial if we don't have to worry about thread safety
3391 * and have strerror_l(), as it handles the switch of locales so we don't
3392 * have to deal with that. We don't have to worry about thread safety if
3393 * this is an unthreaded build, or if strerror_r() is also available. Both
3394 * it and strerror_l() are thread-safe. Plain strerror() isn't thread
3395 * safe. But on threaded builds when strerror_r() is available, the
3396 * apparent call to strerror() below is actually a macro that
3397 * behind-the-scenes calls strerror_r().
3398 */
3399
3400# if ! defined(USE_ITHREADS) || defined(HAS_STRERROR_R)
7aaa36b1
KW		 3401
3402 if (within_locale_scope) {
4eb27fc5 3403 errstr = savepv(strerror(errnum));
7aaa36b1
KW		 3404 }
3405 else {
4eb27fc5 3406 errstr = savepv(strerror_l(errnum, PL_C_locale_obj));
7aaa36b1
KW		 3407 }
3408
43cb6651
KW		 3409# else
3410
3411 /* Here we have strerror_l(), but not strerror_r() and we are on a
3412 * threaded-build. We use strerror_l() for everything, constructing a
3413 * locale to pass to it if necessary */
3414
3415 bool do_free = FALSE;
3416 locale_t locale_to_use;
3417
3418 if (within_locale_scope) {
3419 locale_to_use = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
3420 if (locale_to_use == LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE) {
3421 locale_to_use = duplocale(LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
3422 do_free = TRUE;
3423 }
3424 }
3425 else { /* Use C locale if not within 'use locale' scope */
3426 locale_to_use = PL_C_locale_obj;
3427 }
3428
3429 errstr = savepv(strerror_l(errnum, locale_to_use));
3430
3431 if (do_free) {
3432 freelocale(locale_to_use);
3433 }
3434
3435# endif
3436# else /* Doesn't have strerror_l() */
7aaa36b1
KW		 3437
3438# ifdef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
3439
fcd0e682 3440 locale_t save_locale = NULL;
7aaa36b1
KW		 3441
3442# else
3443
fcd0e682 3444 char * save_locale = NULL;
c9dda6da 3445 bool locale_is_C = FALSE;
2c6ee1a7 3446
6ebbc862
KW		 3447 /* We have a critical section to prevent another thread from changing the
3448 * locale out from under us (or zapping the buffer returned from
3449 * setlocale() ) */
3450 LOCALE_LOCK;
3451
7aaa36b1 3452# endif
6ebbc862 3453
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3454 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3455 "my_strerror called with errnum %d\n", errnum));
6ebbc862 3456 if (! within_locale_scope) {
c9dda6da 3457 errno = 0;
a0b53297 3458
f1d2176b 3459# ifdef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE /* Use the thread-safe locale functions */
6ebbc862 3460
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3461 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3462 "Not within locale scope, about to call"
3463 " uselocale(0x%p)\n", PL_C_locale_obj));
6ebbc862 3464 save_locale = uselocale(PL_C_locale_obj);
c9dda6da
KW		 3465 if (! save_locale) {
3466 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3467 "uselocale failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
3468 }
3469 else {
3470 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3471 "uselocale returned 0x%p\n", save_locale));
c9dda6da 3472 }
6ebbc862 3473
7aaa36b1 3474# else /* Not thread-safe build */
a0b53297 3475
837ce802 3476 save_locale = do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, NULL);
c9dda6da
KW		 3477 if (! save_locale) {
3478 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3479 "setlocale failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
3480 }
3481 else {
3482 locale_is_C = isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(save_locale);
2c6ee1a7 3483
c9dda6da
KW		 3484 /* Switch to the C locale if not already in it */
3485 if (! locale_is_C) {
2c6ee1a7 3486
c9dda6da
KW		 3487 /* The setlocale() just below likely will zap 'save_locale', so
3488 * create a copy. */
3489 save_locale = savepv(save_locale);
837ce802 3490 do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, "C");
c9dda6da 3491 }
6ebbc862 3492 }
2c6ee1a7 3493
7aaa36b1 3494# endif
2c6ee1a7 3495
6ebbc862 3496 } /* end of ! within_locale_scope */
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3497 else {
3498 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s: %d: WITHIN locale scope\n",
3499 __FILE__, __LINE__));
3500 }
a0b53297 3501
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3502 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3503 "Any locale change has been done; about to call Strerror\n"));
52770946 3504 errstr = savepv(Strerror(errnum));
6ebbc862
KW		 3505
3506 if (! within_locale_scope) {
c9dda6da 3507 errno = 0;
a0b53297 3508
f1d2176b 3509# ifdef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
6ebbc862 3510
9c8a6dc2
KW		 3511 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3512 "%s: %d: not within locale scope, restoring the locale\n",
3513 __FILE__, __LINE__));
c9dda6da
KW		 3514 if (save_locale && ! uselocale(save_locale)) {
3515 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3516 "uselocale restore failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
3517 }
2c6ee1a7 3518 }
6ebbc862 3519
7aaa36b1 3520# else
6ebbc862 3521
c9dda6da 3522 if (save_locale && ! locale_is_C) {
837ce802 3523 if (! do_setlocale_c(LC_MESSAGES, save_locale)) {
c9dda6da
KW		 3524 DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3525 "setlocale restore failed, errno=%d\n", errno));
3526 }
6ebbc862
KW		 3527 Safefree(save_locale);
3528 }
3529 }
3530
3531 LOCALE_UNLOCK;
3532
7aaa36b1
KW		 3533# endif
3534# endif /* End of doesn't have strerror_l */
52770946 3535#endif /* End of does have locale messages */
6affbbf0
KW		 3536
3537#ifdef DEBUGGING
3538
3539 if (DEBUG_Lv_TEST) {
3540 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Strerror returned; saving a copy: '");
3541 print_bytes_for_locale(errstr, errstr + strlen(errstr), 0);
3542 PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "'\n");
3543 }
3544
2c6ee1a7
KW		 3545#endif
3546
52770946 3547 SAVEFREEPV(errstr);
6ebbc862 3548 return errstr;
2c6ee1a7
KW		 3549}
3550
66610fdd 3551/*
747c467a 3552
747c467a
KW		 3553=for apidoc sync_locale
3554
3555Changing the program's locale should be avoided by XS code. Nevertheless,
3556certain non-Perl libraries called from XS, such as C<Gtk> do so. When this
3557happens, Perl needs to be told that the locale has changed. Use this function
3558to do so, before returning to Perl.
3559
3560=cut
3561*/
3562
3563void
3564Perl_sync_locale(pTHX)
3565{
9f82ea3e 3566 char * newlocale;
747c467a
KW		 3567
3568#ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
7d4bcc4a 3569
9f82ea3e
KW		 3570 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_CTYPE, NULL);
3571 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3572 "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
3573 setlocale_debug_string(LC_CTYPE, NULL, newlocale)));
3574 new_ctype(newlocale);
747c467a 3575
7d4bcc4a 3576#endif /* USE_LOCALE_CTYPE */
747c467a 3577#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
7d4bcc4a 3578
9f82ea3e
KW		 3579 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_COLLATE, NULL);
3580 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3581 "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
3582 setlocale_debug_string(LC_COLLATE, NULL, newlocale)));
3583 new_collate(newlocale);
747c467a 3584
7d4bcc4a 3585#endif
747c467a 3586#ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
7d4bcc4a 3587
9f82ea3e
KW		 3588 newlocale = do_setlocale_c(LC_NUMERIC, NULL);
3589 DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
3590 "%s:%d: %s\n", __FILE__, __LINE__,
3591 setlocale_debug_string(LC_NUMERIC, NULL, newlocale)));
3592 new_numeric(newlocale);
7d4bcc4a 3593
747c467a
KW		 3594#endif /* USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC */
3595
3596}
3597
5d1187d1
KW		 3598#if defined(DEBUGGING) && defined(USE_LOCALE)
3599
a4f00dcc
KW		 3600STATIC char *
3601S_setlocale_debug_string(const int category, /* category number,
5d1187d1
KW		 3602 like LC_ALL */
3603 const char* const locale, /* locale name */
3604
3605 /* return value from setlocale() when attempting to
3606 * set 'category' to 'locale' */
3607 const char* const retval)
3608{
3609 /* Returns a pointer to a NUL-terminated string in static storage with
3610 * added text about the info passed in. This is not thread safe and will
3611 * be overwritten by the next call, so this should be used just to
fa07b8e5 3612 * formulate a string to immediately print or savepv() on. */
5d1187d1 3613
398a990f
DM		 3614 /* initialise to a non-null value to keep it out of BSS and so keep
3615 * -DPERL_GLOBAL_STRUCT_PRIVATE happy */
60b45a7d
KW		 3616 static char ret[128] = "If you can read this, thank your buggy C"
3617 " library strlcpy(), and change your hints file"
3618 " to undef it";
e5f10d49 3619 unsigned int i;
7d4bcc4a 3620
948523db
KW		 3621# ifdef LC_ALL
3622
3623 const unsigned int highest_index = LC_ALL_INDEX;
3624
3625# else
3626
3627 const unsigned int highest_index = NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX - 1;
3628
3629#endif
3630
7d4bcc4a 3631
e5f10d49 3632 my_strlcpy(ret, "setlocale(", sizeof(ret));
7d4bcc4a 3633
e5f10d49
KW		 3634 /* Look for category in our list, and if found, add its name */
3635 for (i = 0; i <= highest_index; i++) {
3636 if (category == categories[i]) {
3637 my_strlcat(ret, category_names[i], sizeof(ret));
3638 goto found_category;
3639 }
3640 }
7d4bcc4a 3641
e5f10d49
KW		 3642 /* Unknown category to us */
3643 my_snprintf(ret, sizeof(ret), "%s? %d", ret, category);
7d4bcc4a 3644
e5f10d49 3645 found_category:
5d1187d1 3646
fa07b8e5 3647 my_strlcat(ret, ", ", sizeof(ret));
5d1187d1
KW		 3648
3649 if (locale) {
fa07b8e5
KW		 3650 my_strlcat(ret, "\"", sizeof(ret));
3651 my_strlcat(ret, locale, sizeof(ret));
3652 my_strlcat(ret, "\"", sizeof(ret));
5d1187d1
KW		 3653 }
3654 else {
fa07b8e5 3655 my_strlcat(ret, "NULL", sizeof(ret));
5d1187d1
KW		 3656 }
3657
fa07b8e5 3658 my_strlcat(ret, ") returned ", sizeof(ret));
5d1187d1
KW		 3659
3660 if (retval) {
fa07b8e5
KW		 3661 my_strlcat(ret, "\"", sizeof(ret));
3662 my_strlcat(ret, retval, sizeof(ret));
3663 my_strlcat(ret, "\"", sizeof(ret));
5d1187d1
KW		 3664 }
3665 else {
fa07b8e5 3666 my_strlcat(ret, "NULL", sizeof(ret));
5d1187d1
KW		 3667 }
3668
3669 assert(strlen(ret) < sizeof(ret));
3670
3671 return ret;
3672}
3673
3674#endif
747c467a
KW		 3675
3676
3677/*
14d04a33 3678 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
37442d52 3679 */
Unnamed repository; edit this file 'description' to name the repository.