[perl5.git] / t / lib / filefind.t

#!./perl


my %Expect_File = (); # what we expect for $_ 
my %Expect_Name = (); # what we expect for $File::Find::name/fullname
my %Expect_Dir  = (); # what we expect for $File::Find::dir
my $symlink_exists = eval { symlink("",""); 1 };
my $warn_msg;


BEGIN {
    chdir 't' if -d 't';
    unshift @INC => '../lib';

    $SIG{'__WARN__'} = sub { $warn_msg = $_[0]; warn "# $_[0]"; }
}

if ( $symlink_exists ) { print "1..188\n"; }
else                   { print "1..78\n";  }

use File::Find;
use File::Spec;

cleanup();

find({wanted => sub { print "ok 1\n" if $_ eq 'filefind.t'; } }, File::Spec->curdir);

finddepth({wanted => sub { print "ok 2\n" if $_ eq 'filefind.t'; } }, File::Spec->curdir);

my $case = 2;
my $FastFileTests_OK = 0;

sub cleanup {
    if (-d dir_path('for_find')) {
        chdir(dir_path('for_find'));
    }
    if (-d dir_path('fa')) {
        unlink file_path('fa', 'fa_ord'),
               file_path('fa', 'fsl'),
               file_path('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord'),
               file_path('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord'),
               file_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord'),
               file_path('fb', 'fb_ord'),
               file_path('fb', 'fba', 'fba_ord');
        rmdir dir_path('fa', 'faa');
        rmdir dir_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba');
        rmdir dir_path('fa', 'fab');
        rmdir dir_path('fa');
        rmdir dir_path('fb', 'fba');
        rmdir dir_path('fb');
        chdir File::Spec->updir;
        rmdir dir_path('for_find');
    }
}

END {
    cleanup();
}

sub Check($) {
    $case++;
    if ($_[0]) { print "ok $case\n"; }
    else       { print "not ok $case\n"; }
}

sub CheckDie($) {
    $case++;
    if ($_[0]) { print "ok $case\n"; }
    else { print "not ok $case\n $!\n"; exit 0; }
}

sub touch {
    CheckDie( open(my $T,'>',$_[0]) );
}

sub MkDir($$) {
    CheckDie( mkdir($_[0],$_[1]) );
}

sub wanted_File_Dir {
    print "# \$File::Find::dir => '$File::Find::dir'\n";
    print "# \$_ => '$_'\n";
    s#\.$## if ($^O eq 'VMS' && $_ ne '.');
    Check( $Expect_File{$_} );
    if ( $FastFileTests_OK ) {
        delete $Expect_File{ $_} 
          unless ( $Expect_Dir{$_} && ! -d _ );
    } else {
        delete $Expect_File{$_} 
          unless ( $Expect_Dir{$_} && ! -d $_ );
    }
}

sub wanted_File_Dir_prune {
    &wanted_File_Dir;
    $File::Find::prune=1 if  $_ eq 'faba';
}

sub wanted_Name {
    my $n = $File::Find::name;
    $n =~ s#\.$## if ($^O eq 'VMS' && $n ne '.');
    print "# \$File::Find::name => '$n'\n";
    my $i = rindex($n,'/');
    my $OK = exists($Expect_Name{$n});
    unless ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
        if ( $OK ) {
            $OK= exists($Expect_Name{substr($n,0,$i)})  if $i >= 0;    
        }
    }
    Check($OK);
    delete $Expect_Name{$n};
}

sub wanted_File {
    print "# \$_ => '$_'\n";
    s#\.$## if ($^O eq 'VMS' && $_ ne '.');
    my $i = rindex($_,'/');
    my $OK = exists($Expect_File{ $_});
    unless ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
        if ( $OK ) {
            $OK= exists($Expect_File{ substr($_,0,$i)})  if $i >= 0;
        }
    }
    Check($OK);
    delete $Expect_File{ $_};
}

sub simple_wanted {
    print "# \$File::Find::dir => '$File::Find::dir'\n";
    print "# \$_ => '$_'\n";
}

sub noop_wanted {}

sub my_preprocess {
    @files = @_;
    print "# --preprocess--\n";
    print "#   \$File::Find::dir => '$File::Find::dir' \n";
    foreach $file (@files) {
        print "#   $file \n";
        delete $Expect_Dir{ $File::Find::dir }->{$file};
    }
    print "# --end preprocess--\n";
    Check(scalar(keys %{$Expect_Dir{ $File::Find::dir }}) == 0);
    if (scalar(keys %{$Expect_Dir{ $File::Find::dir }}) == 0) {
        delete $Expect_Dir{ $File::Find::dir }
    }
    return @files;
}

sub my_postprocess {
    print "# postprocess: \$File::Find::dir => '$File::Find::dir' \n";
    delete $Expect_Dir{ $File::Find::dir};
}


# Use dir_path() to specify a directory path that's expected for $File::Find::dir 
# (%Expect_Dir). Also use it in file operations like chdir, rmdir etc.
#
# dir_path() concatenates directory names to form a _relative_ directory path,
# independant from the platform it's run on, although there are limitations. 
# Don't try to create an absolute path, because that may fail on operating 
# systems that have the concept of volume names (e.g. Mac OS). Be careful when
# you want to create an updir path like ../fa (Unix) or ::fa: (Mac OS). Plain 
# directory names will work best. As a special case, you can pass it a "." as 
# first argument, to create a directory path like "./fa/dir" on operating 
# systems other than Mac OS (actually, Mac OS will ignore the ".", if it's the 
# first argument). If there's no second argument, this function will return the
# empty string on Mac OS and the string "./" otherwise. 

sub dir_path {
    my $first_item = shift @_;

    if ($first_item eq '.') {
        if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
            return '' unless @_;
            # ignore first argument; return a relative path
            # with leading ":" and with trailing ":"
            return File::Spec->catdir("", @_); 
        } else { # other OS
            return './' unless @_;
            my $path = File::Spec->catdir(@_);
            # add leading "./"
            $path = "./$path";
            return $path;
        }

    } else { # $first_item ne '.'
        return $first_item unless @_; # return plain filename
        if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
            # relative path with leading ":" and with trailing ":"
            return File::Spec->catdir("", $first_item, @_);
        } else { # other OS
            return File::Spec->catdir($first_item, @_);
        }
    }
}


# Use topdir() to specify a directory path that you want to pass to find/finddepth
#
# Basically, topdir() does the same as dir_path() (see above), except that there's 
# no trailing ":" on Mac OS.

sub topdir {
    my $path = dir_path(@_);
    $path =~ s/:$// if ($^O eq 'MacOS');
    return $path;
}


# Use file_path() to specify a file path that's expected for $_ (%Expect_File).
# Also suitable for file operations like unlink etc.
#
# file_path() concatenates directory names (if any) and a filename to form a 
# _relative_ file path (the last argument is assumed to be a file). It's 
# independant from the platform it's run on, although there are limitations 
# (see the warnings for dir_path() above). As a special case, you can pass it a 
# "." as first argument, to create a file path like "./fa/file" on operating 
# systems other than Mac OS (actually, Mac OS will ignore the ".", if it's the 
# first argument). If there's no second argument, this function will return the
# empty string on Mac OS and the string "./" otherwise. 

sub file_path {
    my $first_item = shift @_;

    if ($first_item eq '.') {
        if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
            return '' unless @_;
            # ignore first argument; return a relative path  
            # with leading ":", but without trailing ":"
            return File::Spec->catfile("", @_); 
        } else { # other OS
            return './' unless @_;
            my $path = File::Spec->catfile(@_);
            # add leading "./" 
            $path = "./$path"; 
            return $path;
        }

    } else { # $first_item ne '.'
        return $first_item unless @_; # return plain filename
        if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
            # relative path with leading ":", but without trailing ":"
            return File::Spec->catfile("", $first_item, @_);
        } else { # other OS
            return File::Spec->catfile($first_item, @_);
        }
    }
}


# Use file_path_name() to specify a file path that's expected for $File::Find::Name
# (%Expect_Name). Note: When the no_chdir => 1 option is in effect, $_ is the same  
# as $File::Find::Name. In that case, also use this function to specify a file path 
# that's expected for $_.
#
# Basically, file_path_name() does the same as file_path() (see above), except that 
# there's always a leading ":" on Mac OS, even for plain file/directory names.  

sub file_path_name {
    my $path = file_path(@_);
    $path = ":$path" if (($^O eq 'MacOS') && ($path !~ /:/));
    return $path;
}


MkDir( dir_path('for_find'), 0770 );
CheckDie(chdir( dir_path('for_find')));
MkDir( dir_path('fa'), 0770 );
MkDir( dir_path('fb'), 0770  );
touch( file_path('fb', 'fb_ord') );
MkDir( dir_path('fb', 'fba'), 0770  );
touch( file_path('fb', 'fba', 'fba_ord') );
if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
      CheckDie( symlink(':fb',':fa:fsl') ) if $symlink_exists;
} else {
      CheckDie( symlink('../fb','fa/fsl') ) if $symlink_exists;
}
touch( file_path('fa', 'fa_ord') );

MkDir( dir_path('fa', 'faa'), 0770  );
touch( file_path('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') );
MkDir( dir_path('fa', 'fab'), 0770  );
touch( file_path('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') );
MkDir( dir_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba'), 0770  );
touch( file_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') );


%Expect_File = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, file_path('fsl') => 1, file_path('fa_ord') => 1, 
                file_path('fab') => 1, file_path('fab_ord') => 1, file_path('faba') => 1, 
                file_path('faa') => 1, file_path('faa_ord') => 1);
delete $Expect_File{ file_path('fsl') } unless $symlink_exists;
%Expect_Name = ();
%Expect_Dir = ( dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('faa') => 1, dir_path('fab') => 1, dir_path('faba') => 1, 
                dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fba') => 1);
delete @Expect_Dir{ dir_path('fb'), dir_path('fba') } unless $symlink_exists;
File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir_prune}, topdir('fa') ); 
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );


print "# check re-entrancy\n";
%Expect_File = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, file_path('fsl') => 1, file_path('fa_ord') => 1, 
                file_path('fab') => 1, file_path('fab_ord') => 1, file_path('faba') => 1, 
                file_path('faa') => 1, file_path('faa_ord') => 1);
delete $Expect_File{ file_path('fsl') } unless $symlink_exists;
%Expect_Name = ();
%Expect_Dir = ( dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('faa') => 1, dir_path('fab') => 1, dir_path('faba') => 1, 
                dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fba') => 1);
delete @Expect_Dir{ dir_path('fb'), dir_path('fba') } unless $symlink_exists;
File::Find::find( {wanted => sub { 
                                    wanted_File_Dir_prune();
                                    File::Find::find( {wanted => sub {} }, File::Spec->curdir );
                                 } 
                  }, topdir('fa') );
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 ); 


# no_chdir is in effect, hence we use file_path_name to specify the expected paths for %Expect_File
%Expect_File = (file_path_name('fa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, 
                file_path_name('fa', 'fab') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, 
                file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, 
                file_path_name('fa', 'faa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1,);
delete $Expect_File{ file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') } unless $symlink_exists;
%Expect_Name = ();
%Expect_Dir = (dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'faa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'fab') => 1, 
               dir_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fb', 'fba') => 1);
delete @Expect_Dir{ dir_path('fb'), dir_path('fb', 'fba') } unless $symlink_exists;
File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir, no_chdir => 1}, topdir('fa') );
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );


%Expect_File = ();
%Expect_Name = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fsl') => 1, 
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'faa') => 1, 
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fb') => 1, 
                file_path_name('.', 'fb', 'fba') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fb', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1, 
                file_path_name('.', 'fb', 'fb_ord') => 1);
delete $Expect_Name{ file_path('.', 'fa', 'fsl') } unless $symlink_exists;
%Expect_Dir = (); 
File::Find::finddepth( {wanted => \&wanted_Name}, File::Spec->curdir );
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_Name) == 0 );


# no_chdir is in effect, hence we use file_path_name to specify the expected paths for %Expect_File
%Expect_File = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fsl') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'faa') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fb') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fb', 'fba') => 1, file_path_name('.', 'fb', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1,
                file_path_name('.', 'fb', 'fb_ord') => 1);
delete $Expect_File{ file_path_name('.', 'fa', 'fsl') } unless $symlink_exists;
%Expect_Name = ();
%Expect_Dir = (); 
File::Find::finddepth( {wanted => \&wanted_File, no_chdir => 1}, File::Spec->curdir );
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );


print "# check preprocess\n";
%Expect_File = ();
%Expect_Name = ();
%Expect_Dir = (
          File::Spec->curdir                 => {fa => 1, fb => 1}, 
          dir_path('.', 'fa')                => {faa => 1, fab => 1, fa_ord => 1},
          dir_path('.', 'fa', 'faa')         => {faa_ord => 1},
          dir_path('.', 'fa', 'fab')         => {faba => 1, fab_ord => 1},
          dir_path('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'faba') => {faba_ord => 1},
          dir_path('.', 'fb')                => {fba => 1, fb_ord => 1},
          dir_path('.', 'fb', 'fba')         => {fba_ord => 1}
          );
File::Find::find( {wanted => \&noop_wanted, preprocess => \&my_preprocess}, File::Spec->curdir );
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_Dir) == 0 );


print "# check postprocess\n";
%Expect_File = ();
%Expect_Name = ();
%Expect_Dir = (
          File::Spec->curdir                 => 1,
          dir_path('.', 'fa')                => 1,
          dir_path('.', 'fa', 'faa')         => 1,
          dir_path('.', 'fa', 'fab')         => 1,
          dir_path('.', 'fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1,
          dir_path('.', 'fb')                => 1,
          dir_path('.', 'fb', 'fba')         => 1
          );
File::Find::find( {wanted => \&noop_wanted, postprocess => \&my_postprocess}, File::Spec->curdir );
Check( scalar(keys %Expect_Dir) == 0 );


if ( $symlink_exists ) {
    print "\n# --- symbolic link tests --- \n\n";
    $FastFileTests_OK= 1;


    # Verify that File::Find::find will call wanted even if the topdir of
    # is a symlink to a directory, and it shouldn't follow the link
    # unless follow is set, which it isn't in this case
    %Expect_File = ( file_path('fsl') => 1 );
    %Expect_Name = ();
    %Expect_Dir = ();
    File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir}, topdir('fa', 'fsl') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );

 
    %Expect_File = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, file_path('fa_ord') => 1, file_path('fsl') => 1, 
                    file_path('fb_ord') => 1, file_path('fba') => 1, file_path('fba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path('fab') => 1, file_path('fab_ord') => 1, file_path('faba') => 1, 
                    file_path('faa') => 1, file_path('faa_ord') => 1);
    %Expect_Name = ();
    %Expect_Dir = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('faa') => 1, dir_path('fab') => 1, 
                   dir_path('faba') => 1, dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fba') => 1);   
    File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir_prune, follow_fast => 1}, topdir('fa') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );  


    # no_chdir is in effect, hence we use file_path_name to specify the expected paths for %Expect_File
    %Expect_File = (file_path_name('fa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fb_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'faa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1);
    %Expect_Name = ();
    %Expect_Dir = (dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'faa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'fab') => 1, 
                   dir_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fb', 'fba') => 1); 
    File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir, follow_fast => 1, no_chdir => 1}, topdir('fa') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );


    %Expect_File = ();
    %Expect_Name = (file_path_name('fa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fb_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab') => 1,
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'faa') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1);
    %Expect_Dir = ();
    File::Find::finddepth( {wanted => \&wanted_Name, follow_fast => 1}, topdir('fa') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_Name) == 0 );


    # no_chdir is in effect, hence we use file_path_name to specify the expected paths for %Expect_File
    %Expect_File = (file_path_name('fa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fb_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab') => 1,
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'faa') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1);
    %Expect_Name = ();
    %Expect_Dir = ();
    File::Find::finddepth( {wanted => \&wanted_File, follow_fast => 1, no_chdir => 1}, topdir('fa') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );     

 
    print "# check dangling symbolic links\n";
    MkDir( dir_path('dangling_dir'), 0770 );
    CheckDie( symlink( dir_path('dangling_dir'), file_path('dangling_dir_sl') ) );
    rmdir dir_path('dangling_dir');
    touch(file_path('dangling_file'));  
    if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
        CheckDie( symlink('dangling_file', ':fa:dangling_file_sl') );
    } else {
        CheckDie( symlink('../dangling_file','fa/dangling_file_sl') );
    }      
    unlink file_path('dangling_file');

    { 
        # these tests should also emit a warning
        local $^W = 1;
        %Expect_File = (File::Spec->curdir => 1, file_path('fa_ord') => 1, file_path('fsl') => 1, 
                        file_path('fb_ord') => 1, file_path('fba') => 1, file_path('fba_ord') => 1, 
                        file_path('fab') => 1, file_path('fab_ord') => 1, file_path('faba') => 1, 
                        file_path('faba_ord') => 1, file_path('faa') => 1, file_path('faa_ord') => 1);
        %Expect_Name = ();
        %Expect_Dir = ();
        undef $warn_msg;
        File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File, follow => 1, dangling_symlinks => sub { $warn_msg = "$_[0] is a dangling symbolic link" }}, topdir('dangling_dir_sl'), topdir('fa') );
        Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );
        Check( $warn_msg =~ m|dangling_dir_sl is a dangling symbolic link| );  
        unlink file_path('fa', 'dangling_file_sl'), file_path('dangling_dir_sl');
    }


    print "# check recursion\n";
    if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
        CheckDie( symlink(':fa:faa',':fa:faa:faa_sl') );
    } else {
        CheckDie( symlink('../faa','fa/faa/faa_sl') );
    }
    undef $@;
    eval {File::Find::find( {wanted => \&simple_wanted, follow => 1, no_chdir => 1}, topdir('fa') ); };
    Check( $@ =~ m|for_find[:/]fa[:/]faa[:/]faa_sl is a recursive symbolic link| );  
    unlink file_path('fa', 'faa', 'faa_sl'); 


    print "# check follow_skip (file)\n";
    if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
        CheckDie( symlink(':fa:fa_ord',':fa:fa_ord_sl') ); # symlink to a file
    } else {
        CheckDie( symlink('./fa_ord','fa/fa_ord_sl') ); # symlink to a file
    }
    undef $@;
    eval {File::Find::finddepth( {wanted => \&simple_wanted, follow => 1,follow_skip => 0, no_chdir => 1}, 
                                 topdir('fa') );};
    Check( $@ =~ m|for_find[:/]fa[:/]fa_ord encountered a second time| );


    # no_chdir is in effect, hence we use file_path_name to specify the expected paths for %Expect_File
    %Expect_File = (file_path_name('fa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fb_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'faa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1);

    %Expect_Name = ();
    %Expect_Dir = (dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'faa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'fab') => 1, 
                   dir_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fb', 'fba') => 1);
    File::Find::finddepth( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir, follow => 1, follow_skip => 1, no_chdir => 1}, 
                           topdir('fa') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );
    unlink file_path('fa', 'fa_ord_sl');


    print "# check follow_skip (directory)\n";
    if ($^O eq 'MacOS') {
        CheckDie( symlink(':fa:faa',':fa:faa_sl') ); # symlink to a directory
    } else {
        CheckDie( symlink('./faa','fa/faa_sl') ); # symlink to a directory
    }
    undef $@;
    eval {File::Find::find( {wanted => \&simple_wanted, follow => 1, follow_skip => 0, no_chdir => 1},
                            topdir('fa') );};
    Check( $@ =~ m|for_find[:/]fa[:/]faa[:/]? encountered a second time| );

  
    undef $@;
    eval {File::Find::find( {wanted => \&simple_wanted, follow => 1, follow_skip => 1, no_chdir => 1},  
                            topdir('fa') );};
    Check( $@ =~ m|for_find[:/]fa[:/]faa[:/]? encountered a second time| );  

  
    # no_chdir is in effect, hence we use file_path_name to specify the expected paths for %Expect_File
    %Expect_File = (file_path_name('fa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fa_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fb_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fsl', 'fba', 'fba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'fab_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'fab', 'faba', 'faba_ord') => 1, 
                    file_path_name('fa', 'faa') => 1, file_path_name('fa', 'faa', 'faa_ord') => 1);

    %Expect_Name = ();
    %Expect_Dir = (dir_path('fa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'faa') => 1, dir_path('fa', 'fab') => 1, 
                   dir_path('fa', 'fab', 'faba') => 1, dir_path('fb') => 1, dir_path('fb', 'fba') => 1);
    File::Find::find( {wanted => \&wanted_File_Dir, follow => 1, follow_skip => 2, no_chdir => 1}, topdir('fa') );
    Check( scalar(keys %Expect_File) == 0 );
    unlink file_path('fa', 'faa_sl');

}