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2e8102e6 LB |
1 | =head1 NAME |
2 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
3 | perldelta - what is new for perl v5.11.3 |
4 | ||
5 | =head1 DESCRIPTION | |
6 | ||
166777da | 7 | This document describes differences between the 5.11.2 release and |
2e8102e6 LB |
8 | the 5.11.3 release. |
9 | ||
c308b6b9 JV |
10 | If you are upgrading from an earlier release such as 5.11.1, first read |
11 | the L<perl5112delta>, which describes differences between 5.11.1 and | |
12 | 5.11.2 | |
2e8102e6 LB |
13 | |
14 | =head1 Incompatible Changes | |
15 | ||
1f5724d9 | 16 | =over |
2e8102e6 | 17 | |
1f5724d9 NC |
18 | =item Filehandles are blessed directly into C<IO::Handle::>, as C<FileHandle> is merely a wrapper around C<IO::Handle>. |
19 | ||
c308b6b9 JV |
20 | The previous behaviour was to bless Filehandles into L<FileHandle/> |
21 | (an empty proxy class) if it was loaded into memory and otherwise | |
22 | to bless them into C<IO::Handle::>. | |
23 | ||
db2ed548 | 24 | |
1f5724d9 | 25 | =back |
2e8102e6 LB |
26 | |
27 | =head1 Core Enhancements | |
28 | ||
283b82dc KW |
29 | =head2 Unicode version |
30 | ||
31 | Perl is shipped with the latest Unicode version, 5.2, October 2009. See | |
32 | L<http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.2.0> for details about this release | |
db2ed548 DG |
33 | of Unicode. See L<perlunicode> for instructions on installing and using |
34 | older versions of Unicode. | |
37e2e78e | 35 | |
8d814567 RGS |
36 | =head2 Unicode properties |
37 | ||
38 | Perl can now handle every Unicode character property. A new pod, | |
39 | L<perluniprops>, lists all available non-Unihan character properties. By | |
40 | default the Unihan properties and certain others (deprecated and Unicode | |
41 | internal-only ones) are not exposed. See below for more details on | |
42 | these; there is also a section in the pod listing them, and why they are | |
43 | not exposed. | |
44 | ||
45 | Perl now fully supports the Unicode compound-style of using C<=> and C<:> | |
46 | in writing regular expressions: C<\p{property=value}> and | |
47 | C<\p{property:value}> (both of which mean the same thing). | |
48 | ||
db2ed548 | 49 | Perl now fully supports the Unicode loose matching rules for text |
8d814567 RGS |
50 | between the braces in C<\p{...}> constructs. In addition, Perl also allows |
51 | underscores between digits of numbers. | |
52 | ||
53 | All the Unicode-defined synonyms for properties and property values are | |
54 | now accepted. | |
55 | ||
37e2e78e KW |
56 | C<qr/\X/>, which matches a Unicode logical character, has been expanded to work |
57 | better with various Asian languages. It now is defined as an C<extended | |
58 | grapheme cluster>. (See L<http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr29/>). One change | |
59 | due to this is that C<\X> will match the whole sequence C<S<CR LF>>. Another | |
60 | change is that C<\X> will match an isolated mark. Marks generally come after a | |
61 | base character, but it is possible in Unicode to have them in isolation, and | |
62 | C<\X> will now handle that case. Otherwise, this change should be transparent | |
db2ed548 | 63 | for non-affected languages. |
37e2e78e | 64 | |
8d814567 RGS |
65 | C<\p{...}> matches using the Canonical_Combining_Class property were |
66 | completely broken in previous Perls. This is now fixed. | |
67 | ||
68 | In previous Perls, the Unicode Decomposition_Type=Compat property and a | |
69 | Perl extension had the same name, which led to neither matching all the | |
70 | correct values (with more than 100 mistakes in one, and several thousand | |
71 | in the other). The Perl extension has now been renamed to be | |
72 | Decomposition_Type=Noncanonical (short: dt=noncanon). It has the same | |
73 | meaning as was previously intended, namely the union of all the | |
74 | non-canonical Decomposition types, with Unicode Compat being just one of | |
75 | those. | |
76 | ||
77 | C<\p{Uppercase}> and C<\p{Lowercase}> have been brought into line with the | |
78 | Unicode definitions. This means they each match a few more characters | |
79 | than previously. | |
80 | ||
81 | C<\p{Cntrl}> now matches the same characters as C<\p{Control}>. This means it | |
82 | no longer will match Private Use (gc=co), Surrogates (gc=cs), nor Format | |
83 | (gc=cf) code points. The Format code points represent the biggest | |
84 | possible problem. All but 36 of them are either officially deprecated | |
85 | or strongly discouraged from being used. Of those 36, likely the most | |
86 | widely used are the soft hyphen (U+00AD), and BOM, ZWSP, ZWNJ, WJ, and | |
87 | similar, plus Bi-directional controls. | |
88 | ||
89 | C<\p{Alpha}> now matches the same characters as C<\p{Alphabetic}>. The Perl | |
90 | definition included a number of things that aren't really alpha (all | |
91 | marks), while omitting many that were. The Unicode definition is | |
92 | clearly better, so we are switching to it. As a direct consequence, the | |
93 | definitions of C<\p{Alnum}> and C<\p{Word}> which depend on Alpha also change. | |
94 | ||
95 | C<\p{Word}> also now doesn't match certain characters it wasn't supposed | |
96 | to, such as fractions. | |
97 | ||
98 | C<\p{Print}> no longer matches the line control characters: tab, lf, cr, | |
99 | ff, vt, and nel. This brings it in line with the documentation. | |
100 | ||
db2ed548 | 101 | C<\p{Decomposition_Type=Canonical}> now includes the Hangul syllables |
8d814567 RGS |
102 | |
103 | The Numeric type property has been extended to include the Unihan | |
104 | characters. | |
105 | ||
106 | There is a new Perl extension, the 'Present_In', or simply 'In' | |
107 | property. This is an extension of the Unicode Age property, but | |
108 | C<\p{In=5.0}> matches any code point whose usage has been determined as of | |
109 | Unicode version 5.0. The C<\p{Age=5.0}> only matches code points added in 5.0. | |
110 | ||
111 | A number of properties did not have the correct values for unassigned | |
112 | code points. This is now fixed. The affected properties are | |
113 | Bidi_Class, East_Asian_Width, Joining_Type, Decomposition_Type, | |
114 | Hangul_Syllable_Type, Numeric_Type, and Line_Break. | |
115 | ||
116 | The Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, ID_Continue, and ID_Start properties | |
117 | have been updated to their current definitions. | |
118 | ||
119 | Certain properties that are supposed to be Unicode internal-only were | |
120 | erroneously exposed by previous Perls. Use of these in regular | |
121 | expressions will now generate a deprecated warning message, if those | |
122 | warnings are enabled. The properties are: Other_Alphabetic, | |
123 | Other_Default_Ignorable_Code_Point, Other_Grapheme_Extend, | |
124 | Other_ID_Continue, Other_ID_Start, Other_Lowercase, Other_Math, and | |
125 | Other_Uppercase. | |
126 | ||
8d814567 RGS |
127 | An installation can now fairly easily change which Unicode properties |
128 | Perl understands. As mentioned above, certain properties are by default | |
129 | turned off. These include all the Unihan properties (which should be | |
130 | accessible via the CPAN module Unicode::Unihan) and any deprecated or | |
131 | Unicode internal-only property that Perl has never exposed. | |
132 | ||
db2ed548 DG |
133 | XXX what does "files in the To directory" mean? -- dagolden, 2009-12-20 |
134 | ||
8d814567 RGS |
135 | The files in the To directory are now more clearly marked as being |
136 | stable, directly usable by applications. New hash entries in them give | |
137 | the format of the normal entries which allows for easier machine | |
138 | parsing. Perl can generate files in this directory for any property, | |
139 | though most are suppressed. An installation can choose to change which | |
140 | get written. Instructions are in L<perluniprops>. | |
141 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
142 | =head1 Modules and Pragmata |
143 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
144 | =head2 Pragmata Changes |
145 | ||
146 | =over 4 | |
147 | ||
7da18641 DG |
148 | =item C<constant> |
149 | ||
150 | Upgraded from version 1.19 to 1.20. | |
151 | ||
19185491 JV |
152 | =item C<diagnostics> |
153 | ||
154 | This pragma no longer suppresses C<Use of uninitialized value in range (or flip)> warnings. [perl #71204] | |
155 | ||
db2ed548 DG |
156 | =item C<feature> |
157 | ||
158 | Upgraded from 1.13 to 1.14. Added the C<unicode_strings> feature: | |
159 | ||
160 | use feature "unicode_strings"; | |
ecb37473 | 161 | |
f43e267d | 162 | This pragma turns on Unicode semantics for the case-changing operations |
db2ed548 DG |
163 | (uc/lc/ucfirst/lcfirst) on strings that don't have the internal UTF-8 flag set, |
164 | but that contain single-byte characters between 128 and 255. | |
ecb37473 | 165 | |
f43e267d | 166 | =item C<legacy> |
2e8102e6 | 167 | |
f43e267d | 168 | The experimental C<legacy> pragma, introduced in 5.11.2, has been removed, |
db2ed548 | 169 | and its functionality replaced by the new feature pragma, C<use feature |
f43e267d | 170 | "unicode_strings">. |
2e8102e6 | 171 | |
7da18641 DG |
172 | =item C<threads> |
173 | ||
174 | Upgraded from version 1.74 to 1.75. | |
175 | ||
db2ed548 | 176 | =item C<warnings> |
2e8102e6 | 177 | |
db2ed548 | 178 | Upgraded from 1.07 to 1.08. Added new C<warnings::fatal_enabled()> function. |
09b2a3d2 | 179 | |
db2ed548 | 180 | =back |
09b2a3d2 | 181 | |
db2ed548 | 182 | =head2 Updated Modules |
09b2a3d2 | 183 | |
7da18641 DG |
184 | =over 4 |
185 | ||
186 | =item C<Archive::Extract> | |
187 | ||
188 | Upgraded from version 0.34 to 0.36. | |
189 | ||
190 | =item C<CPAN> | |
191 | ||
6a90494c DG |
192 | Upgraded from version 1.94_51 to 1.94_53. Includes better bzip2 support, |
193 | improved FirstTime experience with auto-selection of CPAN mirrors, proper | |
194 | handling of modules removed from the Perl core, and an updated 'cpan' | |
195 | utility script | |
7da18641 DG |
196 | |
197 | =item C<CPANPLUS> | |
198 | ||
199 | Upgraded from version 0.89_09 to 0.90. | |
200 | ||
201 | =item C<ExtUtils::MakeMaker> | |
202 | ||
6a90494c DG |
203 | Upgraded from version 6.55_02 to 6.56. Adds new BUILD_REQUIRES key to |
204 | indicate build-only prerequisites. Also adds support for | |
205 | mingw64 and the new "package NAME VERSION" syntax. | |
7da18641 DG |
206 | |
207 | =item C<File::Path> | |
208 | ||
209 | Upgraded from version 2.08 to 2.08_01. | |
210 | ||
211 | =item C<Module::Build> | |
212 | ||
6a90494c DG |
213 | Upgraded from version 0.35_09 to 0.36. Compared to 0.35, this version has a |
214 | new 'installdeps' action, supports the PERL_MB_OPT environment variable, adds a | |
215 | 'share_dir' property for L<File::ShareDir> support, support the "package NAME | |
216 | VERSION" syntax and has many other enhancements and bug fixes. The | |
217 | 'passthrough' style of Module::Build::Compat has been deprecated. | |
7da18641 DG |
218 | |
219 | =item C<Module::CoreList> | |
220 | ||
221 | Upgraded from version 2.23 to 2.24. | |
222 | ||
19185491 JV |
223 | =item C<POSIX> |
224 | ||
225 | Upgraded from version 1.18 to 1.19. Error codes for C<getaddrinfo()> and C<getnameinfo()> are now | |
226 | available. | |
227 | ||
7da18641 DG |
228 | =item C<Pod::Simple> |
229 | ||
230 | Upgraded from version 3.10 to 3.13. | |
231 | ||
232 | =item C<Safe> | |
233 | ||
234 | Upgraded from version 2.19 to 2.20. | |
235 | ||
236 | =back | |
237 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
238 | =head1 Utility Changes |
239 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
240 | =over 4 |
241 | ||
db2ed548 | 242 | =item F<perlbug> |
2e8102e6 | 243 | |
db2ed548 | 244 | No longer reports "Message sent" when it hasn't actually sent the message |
1f5724d9 | 245 | |
2e8102e6 LB |
246 | =back |
247 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
248 | =head1 Changes to Existing Documentation |
249 | ||
9c455b5f RS |
250 | The Pod specification (L<perlpodspec>) has been updated to bring the |
251 | specification in line with modern usage already supported by most Pod systems. | |
252 | A parameter string may now follow the format name in a "begin/end" region. | |
1f5724d9 NC |
253 | Links to URIs with a text description are now allowed. The usage of |
254 | C<LE<lt>"section"E<gt>> has been marked as deprecated. | |
9c455b5f RS |
255 | |
256 | L<if.pm|if> has been documented in L<perlfunc/use> as a means to get | |
257 | conditional loading of modules despite the implicit BEGIN block around C<use>. | |
874e3373 JV |
258 | |
259 | ||
260 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
261 | =head1 Installation and Configuration Improvements |
262 | ||
263 | XXX Changes to F<Configure>, F<installperl>, F<installman>, and analogous tools | |
264 | go here. | |
265 | ||
266 | =head2 Configuration improvements | |
267 | ||
268 | XXX | |
269 | ||
270 | =head2 Compilation improvements | |
271 | ||
874e3373 | 272 | Make distclean work again |
2e8102e6 LB |
273 | XXX |
274 | ||
ecb37473 JV |
275 | =head2 Testing improvements |
276 | ||
277 | =over 4 | |
278 | ||
279 | =item It's now possible to override C<PERL5OPT> and friends in F<t/TEST> | |
280 | ||
281 | =back | |
282 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
283 | =head2 Platform Specific Changes |
284 | ||
285 | =over 4 | |
286 | ||
874e3373 | 287 | =item Win32 |
2e8102e6 | 288 | |
db2ed548 | 289 | =over 4 |
ecb37473 JV |
290 | |
291 | =item * | |
292 | ||
293 | Always add a manifest resource to C<perl.exe> to specify the <trustInfo> | |
294 | settings for Windows Vista and later. Without this setting Windows | |
295 | will treat C<perl.exe> as a legacy application and apply various | |
296 | heuristics like redirecting access to protected file system areas | |
297 | (like the "Program Files" folder) to the users "VirtualStore" | |
298 | instead of generating a proper "permission denied" error. | |
299 | ||
300 | For VC8 and VC9 this manifest setting is automatically generated by | |
301 | the compiler/linker (together with the binding information for their | |
302 | respective runtime libraries); for all other compilers we need to | |
303 | embed the manifest resource explicitly in the external resource file. | |
304 | ||
305 | This change also requests the Microsoft Common-Controls version 6.0 | |
306 | (themed controls introduced in Windows XP) via the dependency list | |
307 | in the assembly manifest. For VC8 and VC9 this is specified using the | |
308 | C</manifestdependency> linker commandline option instead. | |
309 | ||
310 | =back | |
311 | ||
312 | =item cygwin | |
313 | ||
314 | =over 4 | |
315 | ||
316 | =item Enable IPv6 support on cygwin 1.7 and newer | |
317 | ||
318 | =back | |
874e3373 JV |
319 | |
320 | =item OpenVMS | |
2e8102e6 | 321 | |
ecb37473 JV |
322 | =over 4 |
323 | ||
324 | =item Make -UDEBUGGING the default on VMS for 5.12.0. | |
325 | ||
326 | Like it has been everywhere else for ages and ages. Also make | |
327 | command-line selection of -UDEBUGGING and -DDEBUGGING work in | |
328 | configure.com; before the only way to turn it off was by saying | |
329 | no in answer to the interactive question. | |
330 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
331 | =back |
332 | ||
1f5724d9 NC |
333 | =back |
334 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
335 | =head1 Selected Bug Fixes |
336 | ||
337 | XXX Important bug fixes in the core language are summarised here. | |
338 | Bug fixes in files in F<ext/> and F<lib/> are best summarised in | |
339 | L</Modules and Pragmata>. | |
340 | ||
341 | =over 4 | |
342 | ||
343 | =item * | |
344 | ||
ecb37473 JV |
345 | Ensure that pp_qr returns a new regexp SV each time. Resolves RT #69852. |
346 | ||
347 | Instead of returning a(nother) reference to the (pre-compiled) regexp in the | |
348 | optree, use reg_temp_copy() to create a copy of it, and return a reference to | |
349 | that. This resolves issues about Regexp::DESTROY not being called in a timely | |
350 | fashion (the original bug tracked by RT #69852), as well as bugs related to | |
351 | blessing regexps, and of assigning to regexps, as described in correspondence | |
352 | added to the ticket. | |
353 | ||
354 | It transpires that we also need to undo the SvPVX() sharing when ithreads | |
355 | cloning a Regexp SV, because mother_re is set to NULL, instead of a cloned | |
356 | copy of the mother_re. This change might fix bugs with regexps and threads in | |
357 | certain other situations, but as yet neither tests nor bug reports have | |
358 | indicated any problems, so it might not actually be an edge case that it's | |
359 | possible to reach. | |
360 | ||
361 | =item * | |
362 | ||
363 | Several compilation errors and segfaults when perl was built with C<-Dmad> were fixed. | |
364 | ||
365 | =item * | |
366 | ||
367 | Fixes for lexer API changes in 5.11.2 which broke NYTProf's savesrc option. | |
2e8102e6 | 368 | |
9889e3de JV |
369 | =item * |
370 | ||
371 | F<-t> should only return TRUE for file handles connected to a TTY | |
372 | ||
373 | The Microsoft C version of isatty() returns TRUE for all | |
374 | character mode devices, including the /dev/null style "nul" | |
375 | device and printers like "lpt1". | |
376 | ||
377 | =item * | |
378 | ||
379 | Fixed a regression caused by commit fafafbaf which caused a panic during parameter passing [perl #70171] | |
380 | ||
381 | ||
382 | =item * | |
383 | ||
384 | On systems which in-place edits without backup files, -i'*' now works as the documentation says it does [perl #70802] | |
385 | ||
19185491 JV |
386 | =item * |
387 | ||
fa4ee1ee JV |
388 | Saving and restoring magic flags no longer loses readonly flag. |
389 | ||
390 | =item * | |
391 | ||
392 | The malformed syntax C<grep EXPR LIST> (note the missing comma) no longer | |
393 | causes abrupt and total failure. | |
394 | ||
395 | =item * | |
396 | ||
397 | Regular expressions compiled with C<qr{}> literals properly set C<$'> when | |
398 | matching again. | |
399 | ||
400 | =item * | |
401 | ||
402 | Using named subroutines with C<sort> should no longer lead to bus errors [perl | |
403 | #71076] | |
404 | ||
405 | =item * | |
406 | ||
19185491 JV |
407 | Numerous bugfixes catch small issues caused by the recently-added Lexer API. |
408 | ||
409 | =item * | |
410 | ||
411 | Smart match against C<@_> sometimes gave false negatives negatives. [perl #71078] | |
412 | ||
413 | =item * | |
414 | ||
415 | C<$@> may now be assigned a read-only value (without error or busting the stack). | |
9889e3de | 416 | |
4656de94 JV |
417 | =item * |
418 | ||
419 | C<sort> called recursively from within an active comparison subroutine no longer causes a bus error if run multiple times. [perl #71076] | |
420 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
421 | =back |
422 | ||
423 | =head1 New or Changed Diagnostics | |
424 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
425 | =over 4 |
426 | ||
fa4ee1ee | 427 | =item * |
2e8102e6 | 428 | |
fa4ee1ee | 429 | C<split> now warns when called in void context |
2e8102e6 | 430 | |
2e8102e6 LB |
431 | |
432 | =item * | |
433 | ||
fa4ee1ee JV |
434 | C<printf>-style functions called with too few arguments will now issue the warning C<"Missing argument in %s"> [perl #71000] |
435 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
436 | |
437 | =back | |
438 | ||
439 | =head1 New Tests | |
440 | ||
d659d22b | 441 | Many modules updated from CPAN incorporate new tests. |
2e8102e6 LB |
442 | |
443 | =over 4 | |
444 | ||
d659d22b | 445 | =item t/comp/final_line_num.t |
2e8102e6 | 446 | |
d659d22b JV |
447 | See if line numbers are correct at EOF |
448 | ||
449 | =item t/comp/form_scope.t | |
450 | ||
451 | See if format scoping works | |
452 | ||
453 | =item t/comp/line_debug.t | |
454 | ||
455 | See if @{"_<$file"} works | |
456 | ||
457 | =item t/op/filetest_t.t | |
458 | ||
459 | See if -t file test works | |
460 | ||
461 | =item t/op/qr.t | |
462 | ||
463 | See if qr works | |
464 | ||
465 | =item t/op/utf8cache.t | |
466 | ||
467 | Tests malfunctions of utf8 cache | |
468 | ||
469 | =item t/re/uniprops.t | |
470 | ||
471 | Test unicode \p{} regex constructs | |
2e8102e6 LB |
472 | |
473 | =back | |
474 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
475 | =head1 Deprecations |
476 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
477 | The following items are now deprecated. |
478 | ||
479 | =over 4 | |
480 | ||
13a4a486 | 481 | =item Use of "goto" to jump into a construct is deprecated |
2e8102e6 | 482 | |
13a4a486 RGS |
483 | Using C<goto> to jump from an outer scope into an inner |
484 | scope is now deprecated. This rare use case was causing | |
485 | problems in the implementation of scopes. | |
2e8102e6 LB |
486 | |
487 | =back | |
488 | ||
2e8102e6 LB |
489 | =head1 Acknowledgements |
490 | ||
491 | XXX The list of people to thank goes here. | |
492 | ||
493 | ||
494 | =head1 Reporting Bugs | |
495 | ||
496 | If you find what you think is a bug, you might check the articles | |
497 | recently posted to the comp.lang.perl.misc newsgroup and the perl | |
498 | bug database at http://rt.perl.org/perlbug/ . There may also be | |
499 | information at http://www.perl.org/ , the Perl Home Page. | |
500 | ||
501 | If you believe you have an unreported bug, please run the B<perlbug> | |
502 | program included with your release. Be sure to trim your bug down | |
503 | to a tiny but sufficient test case. Your bug report, along with the | |
504 | output of C<perl -V>, will be sent off to perlbug@perl.org to be | |
505 | analysed by the Perl porting team. | |
506 | ||
507 | If the bug you are reporting has security implications, which make it | |
508 | inappropriate to send to a publicly archived mailing list, then please send | |
509 | it to perl5-security-report@perl.org. This points to a closed subscription | |
510 | unarchived mailing list, which includes all the core committers, who be able | |
511 | to help assess the impact of issues, figure out a resolution, and help | |
512 | co-ordinate the release of patches to mitigate or fix the problem across all | |
513 | platforms on which Perl is supported. Please only use this address for | |
514 | security issues in the Perl core, not for modules independently | |
515 | distributed on CPAN. | |
516 | ||
517 | =head1 SEE ALSO | |
518 | ||
519 | The F<Changes> file for an explanation of how to view exhaustive details | |
520 | on what changed. | |
521 | ||
522 | The F<INSTALL> file for how to build Perl. | |
523 | ||
524 | The F<README> file for general stuff. | |
525 | ||
526 | The F<Artistic> and F<Copying> files for copyright information. | |
527 | ||
528 | =cut | |
7ef88767 JV |
529 | |
530 | ||
531 | ||
532 | ||
533 | All changes through commit b4178430270dbe109e7609d0b50d6d54bf9e95d8 |