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Documentation typo fix
[perl5.git] / pp_pack.c
CommitLineData
a6ec74c1
JH		 1/* pp_pack.c
2 *
1129b882
NC		 3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
a6ec74c1
JH		 5 *
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8 *
9 */
10
d31a8517
AT		 11/*
12 * He still hopefully carried some of his gear in his pack: a small tinder-box,
13 * two small shallow pans, the smaller fitting into the larger; inside them a
14 * wooden spoon, a short two-pronged fork and some skewers were stowed; and
15 * hidden at the bottom of the pack in a flat wooden box a dwindling treasure,
16 * some salt.
4ac71550
TC		 17 *
18 * [p.653 of _The Lord of the Rings_, IV/iv: "Of Herbs and Stewed Rabbit"]
d31a8517
AT		 19 */
20
166f8a29
DM		 21/* This file contains pp ("push/pop") functions that
22 * execute the opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function
23 * expects to find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its
24 * results onto the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure
25 * contains a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
26 *
27 * This particular file just contains pp_pack() and pp_unpack(). See the
28 * other pp*.c files for the rest of the pp_ functions.
29 */
30
a6ec74c1
JH		 31#include "EXTERN.h"
32#define PERL_IN_PP_PACK_C
33#include "perl.h"
34
f7fe979e
AL		 35/* Types used by pack/unpack */
36typedef enum {
37 e_no_len, /* no length */
38 e_number, /* number, [] */
39 e_star /* asterisk */
40} howlen_t;
41
42typedef struct tempsym {
43 const char* patptr; /* current template char */
44 const char* patend; /* one after last char */
45 const char* grpbeg; /* 1st char of ()-group */
46 const char* grpend; /* end of ()-group */
47 I32 code; /* template code (!<>) */
48 I32 length; /* length/repeat count */
49 howlen_t howlen; /* how length is given */
50 int level; /* () nesting level */
51 U32 flags; /* /=4, comma=2, pack=1 */
52 /* and group modifiers */
53 STRLEN strbeg; /* offset of group start */
54 struct tempsym *previous; /* previous group */
55} tempsym_t;
56
57#define TEMPSYM_INIT(symptr, p, e, f) \
58 STMT_START { \
59 (symptr)->patptr = (p); \
60 (symptr)->patend = (e); \
61 (symptr)->grpbeg = NULL; \
62 (symptr)->grpend = NULL; \
63 (symptr)->grpend = NULL; \
64 (symptr)->code = 0; \
65 (symptr)->length = 0; \
10edeb5d 66 (symptr)->howlen = e_no_len; \
f7fe979e
AL		 67 (symptr)->level = 0; \
68 (symptr)->flags = (f); \
69 (symptr)->strbeg = 0; \
70 (symptr)->previous = NULL; \
71 } STMT_END
72
275663fa
TC		 73typedef union {
74 NV nv;
75 U8 bytes[sizeof(NV)];
76} NV_bytes;
77
78#if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
79typedef union {
80 long double ld;
81 U8 bytes[sizeof(long double)];
82} ld_bytes;
83#endif
84
f337b084
TH		 85#ifndef CHAR_BIT
86# define CHAR_BIT 8
7212898e 87#endif
3473cf63
RGS		 88/* Maximum number of bytes to which a byte can grow due to upgrade */
89#define UTF8_EXPAND 2
7212898e 90
a6ec74c1 91/*
a6ec74c1
JH		 92 * Offset for integer pack/unpack.
93 *
94 * On architectures where I16 and I32 aren't really 16 and 32 bits,
95 * which for now are all Crays, pack and unpack have to play games.
96 */
97
98/*
99 * These values are required for portability of pack() output.
100 * If they're not right on your machine, then pack() and unpack()
101 * wouldn't work right anyway; you'll need to apply the Cray hack.
102 * (I'd like to check them with #if, but you can't use sizeof() in
103 * the preprocessor.) --???
104 */
105/*
106 The appropriate SHORTSIZE, INTSIZE, LONGSIZE, and LONGLONGSIZE
107 defines are now in config.h. --Andy Dougherty April 1998
108 */
109#define SIZE16 2
110#define SIZE32 4
111
112/* CROSSCOMPILE and MULTIARCH are going to affect pp_pack() and pp_unpack().
113 --jhi Feb 1999 */
114
1109a392
MHM		 115#if U16SIZE > SIZE16 || U32SIZE > SIZE32
116# if BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678 /* little-endian */
08ca2aa3
TH		 117# define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p))
118# define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p))
a6ec74c1 119# else
1109a392 120# if BYTEORDER == 0x4321 || BYTEORDER == 0x87654321 /* big-endian */
a6ec74c1
JH		 121# define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U16) - SIZE16))
122# define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U32) - SIZE32))
123# else
08ca2aa3 124 ++++ bad cray byte order
a6ec74c1
JH		 125# endif
126# endif
a6ec74c1 127#else
08ca2aa3
TH		 128# define OFF16(p) ((char *) (p))
129# define OFF32(p) ((char *) (p))
a6ec74c1
JH		 130#endif
131
3a88beaa
NC		 132#define PUSH16(utf8, cur, p, needs_swap) \
133 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, OFF16(p), SIZE16, needs_swap)
134#define PUSH32(utf8, cur, p, needs_swap) \
135 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, OFF32(p), SIZE32, needs_swap)
08ca2aa3 136
a1219b5e
NC		 137#if BYTEORDER == 0x4321 || BYTEORDER == 0x87654321 /* big-endian */
138# define NEEDS_SWAP(d) (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(d) == TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
139#elif BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678 /* little-endian */
140# define NEEDS_SWAP(d) (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(d) == TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN)
141#else
142# error "Unsupported byteorder"
20aa3a38
NC		 143 /* Need to add code here to re-instate mixed endian support.
144 NEEDS_SWAP would need to hold a flag indicating which action to
145 take, and S_reverse_copy and the code in uni_to_bytes would need
146 logic adding to deal with any mixed-endian transformations needed.
147 */
a1219b5e
NC		 148#endif
149
08ca2aa3 150/* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
aaec8192 151#define SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, buf, len, datumtype, needs_swap) \
08ca2aa3 152STMT_START { \
228e69a7 153 if (UNLIKELY(utf8)) { \
f337b084 154 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &s, strend, \
275663fa 155 (char *) (buf), len, datumtype)) break; \
08ca2aa3 156 } else { \
228e69a7 157 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap)) \
20aa3a38
NC		 158 S_reverse_copy(s, (char *) (buf), len); \
159 else \
160 Copy(s, (char *) (buf), len, char); \
275663fa 161 s += len; \
08ca2aa3 162 } \
08ca2aa3
TH		 163} STMT_END
164
aaec8192
NC		 165#define SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, p, datumtype, needs_swap) \
166 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, OFF16(p), SIZE16, datumtype, needs_swap)
7285e3f4 167
aaec8192
NC		 168#define SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, p, datumtype, needs_swap) \
169 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, OFF32(p), SIZE32, datumtype, needs_swap)
7285e3f4 170
aaec8192
NC		 171#define SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, var, datumtype, needs_swap) \
172 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, &(var), sizeof(var), datumtype, needs_swap)
275663fa 173
3a88beaa
NC		 174#define PUSH_VAR(utf8, aptr, var, needs_swap) \
175 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, aptr, &(var), sizeof(var), needs_swap)
f337b084 176
49704364
WL		 177/* Avoid stack overflow due to pathological templates. 100 should be plenty. */
178#define MAX_SUB_TEMPLATE_LEVEL 100
179
66c611c5 180/* flags (note that type modifiers can also be used as flags!) */
f337b084
TH		 181#define FLAG_WAS_UTF8 0x40
182#define FLAG_PARSE_UTF8 0x20 /* Parse as utf8 */
49704364 183#define FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE 0x10
f337b084 184#define FLAG_DO_UTF8 0x08 /* The underlying string is utf8 */
49704364
WL		 185#define FLAG_SLASH 0x04
186#define FLAG_COMMA 0x02
187#define FLAG_PACK 0x01
188
a6ec74c1
JH		 189STATIC SV *
190S_mul128(pTHX_ SV *sv, U8 m)
191{
192 STRLEN len;
193 char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
194 char *t;
a6ec74c1 195
7918f24d
NC		 196 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MUL128;
197
a6ec74c1 198 if (!strnEQ(s, "0000", 4)) { /* need to grow sv */
396482e1 199 SV * const tmpNew = newSVpvs("0000000000");
a6ec74c1
JH		 200
201 sv_catsv(tmpNew, sv);
202 SvREFCNT_dec(sv); /* free old sv */
203 sv = tmpNew;
204 s = SvPV(sv, len);
205 }
206 t = s + len - 1;
207 while (!*t) /* trailing '\0'? */
208 t--;
209 while (t > s) {
f7fe979e 210 const U32 i = ((*t - '0') << 7) + m;
eb160463
GS		 211 *(t--) = '0' + (char)(i % 10);
212 m = (char)(i / 10);
a6ec74c1
JH		 213 }
214 return (sv);
215}
216
217/* Explosives and implosives. */
218
219#if 'I' == 73 && 'J' == 74
220/* On an ASCII/ISO kind of system */
221#define ISUUCHAR(ch) ((ch) >= ' ' && (ch) < 'a')
222#else
223/*
224 Some other sort of character set - use memchr() so we don't match
225 the null byte.
226 */
227#define ISUUCHAR(ch) (memchr(PL_uuemap, (ch), sizeof(PL_uuemap)-1) || (ch) == ' ')
228#endif
229
66c611c5 230/* type modifiers */
62f95557 231#define TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING 0x100
1109a392
MHM		 232#define TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN 0x200
233#define TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN 0x400
f337b084 234#define TYPE_IS_PACK 0x800
1109a392 235#define TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK (TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN|TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
66c611c5 236#define TYPE_MODIFIERS(t) ((t) & ~0xFF)
1109a392
MHM		 237#define TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(t) ((t) & 0xFF)
238
7212898e
NC		 239# define TYPE_ENDIANNESS(t) ((t) & TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
240# define TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(t) ((t) & ~TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
241
242# define ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES "sSiIlLqQjJfFdDpP("
243
78d46eaa 244#define PACK_SIZE_CANNOT_CSUM 0x80
f337b084 245#define PACK_SIZE_UNPREDICTABLE 0x40 /* Not a fixed size element */
78d46eaa
NC		 246#define PACK_SIZE_MASK 0x3F
247
298bc19c 248#include "packsizetables.c"
78d46eaa 249
20aa3a38
NC		 250static void
251S_reverse_copy(const char *src, char *dest, STRLEN len)
252{
253 dest += len;
254 while (len--)
255 *--dest = *src++;
256}
257
08ca2aa3 258STATIC U8
f7fe979e 259uni_to_byte(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, I32 datumtype)
08ca2aa3 260{
08ca2aa3 261 STRLEN retlen;
0bcc34c2 262 UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) *s, end-*s, &retlen,
f337b084 263 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
486ec47a 264 /* We try to process malformed UTF-8 as much as possible (preferably with
08ca2aa3
TH		 265 warnings), but these two mean we make no progress in the string and
266 might enter an infinite loop */
267 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
f337b084
TH		 268 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack",
269 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
08ca2aa3 270 if (val >= 0x100) {
a2a5de95
NC		 271 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
272 "Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack",
273 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
08ca2aa3
TH		 274 val &= 0xff;
275 }
276 *s += retlen;
fe2774ed 277 return (U8)val;
08ca2aa3
TH		 278}
279
f337b084
TH		 280#define SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype) ((utf8) ? \
281 uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &(s), (strend), (datumtype)) : \
08ca2aa3
TH		 282 *(U8 *)(s)++)
283
284STATIC bool
f7fe979e 285uni_to_bytes(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, const char *buf, int buf_len, I32 datumtype)
08ca2aa3
TH		 286{
287 UV val;
288 STRLEN retlen;
f7fe979e 289 const char *from = *s;
08ca2aa3 290 int bad = 0;
f7fe979e 291 const U32 flags = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ?
08ca2aa3 292 UTF8_CHECK_ONLY : (UTF8_CHECK_ONLY | UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
20aa3a38
NC		 293 const bool needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
294
228e69a7 295 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap))
20aa3a38
NC		 296 buf += buf_len;
297
08ca2aa3
TH		 298 for (;buf_len > 0; buf_len--) {
299 if (from >= end) return FALSE;
f337b084 300 val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) from, end-from, &retlen, flags);
08ca2aa3
TH		 301 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) {
302 from += UTF8SKIP(from);
303 bad |= 1;
304 } else from += retlen;
305 if (val >= 0x100) {
306 bad |= 2;
307 val &= 0xff;
308 }
228e69a7 309 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap))
20aa3a38
NC		 310 *(U8 *)--buf = (U8)val;
311 else
312 *(U8 *)buf++ = (U8)val;
08ca2aa3
TH		 313 }
314 /* We have enough characters for the buffer. Did we have problems ? */
315 if (bad) {
316 if (bad & 1) {
317 /* Rewalk the string fragment while warning */
f7fe979e 318 const char *ptr;
9e27e96a 319 const int flags = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
08ca2aa3
TH		 320 for (ptr = *s; ptr < from; ptr += UTF8SKIP(ptr)) {
321 if (ptr >= end) break;
c80e42f3 322 utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) ptr, end-ptr, &retlen, flags);
08ca2aa3
TH		 323 }
324 if (from > end) from = end;
325 }
a2a5de95
NC		 326 if ((bad & 2))
327 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(datumtype & TYPE_IS_PACK ?
f337b084 328 WARN_PACK : WARN_UNPACK),
a2a5de95
NC		 329 "Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in %s",
330 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype),
331 datumtype & TYPE_IS_PACK ? "pack" : "unpack");
08ca2aa3
TH		 332 }
333 *s = from;
334 return TRUE;
335}
336
337STATIC bool
f7fe979e 338next_uni_uu(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, I32 *out)
08ca2aa3 339{
08ca2aa3 340 STRLEN retlen;
0bcc34c2 341 const UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) *s, end-*s, &retlen, UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
08ca2aa3
TH		 342 if (val >= 0x100 || !ISUUCHAR(val) ||
343 retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) {
344 *out = 0;
345 return FALSE;
346 }
347 *out = PL_uudmap[val] & 077;
f337b084 348 *s += retlen;
08ca2aa3
TH		 349 return TRUE;
350}
78d46eaa 351
64844641 352STATIC char *
3a88beaa 353S_bytes_to_uni(const U8 *start, STRLEN len, char *dest, const bool needs_swap) {
7918f24d
NC		 354 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BYTES_TO_UNI;
355
228e69a7 356 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap)) {
3a88beaa
NC		 357 const U8 *p = start + len;
358 while (p-- > start) {
55d09dc8 359 append_utf8_from_native_byte(*p, (U8 **) & dest);
3a88beaa
NC		 360 }
361 } else {
362 const U8 * const end = start + len;
363 while (start < end) {
55d09dc8 364 append_utf8_from_native_byte(*start, (U8 **) & dest);
3a88beaa
NC		 365 start++;
366 }
f337b084 367 }
64844641 368 return dest;
f337b084
TH		 369}
370
3a88beaa 371#define PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, buf, len, needs_swap) \
230e1fce 372STMT_START { \
228e69a7 373 if (UNLIKELY(utf8)) \
3a88beaa 374 (cur) = S_bytes_to_uni((U8 *) buf, len, (cur), needs_swap); \
230e1fce 375 else { \
228e69a7 376 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap)) \
3a88beaa
NC		 377 S_reverse_copy((char *)(buf), cur, len); \
378 else \
379 Copy(buf, cur, len, char); \
230e1fce
NC		 380 (cur) += (len); \
381 } \
f337b084
TH		 382} STMT_END
383
384#define GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, in_len) \
385STMT_START { \
386 STRLEN glen = (in_len); \
3473cf63 387 if (utf8) glen *= UTF8_EXPAND; \
f337b084 388 if ((cur) + glen >= (start) + SvLEN(cat)) { \
0bd48802 389 (start) = sv_exp_grow(cat, glen); \
f337b084
TH		 390 (cur) = (start) + SvCUR(cat); \
391 } \
392} STMT_END
393
394#define PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur, buf, in_len) \
395STMT_START { \
f7fe979e 396 const STRLEN glen = (in_len); \
f337b084 397 STRLEN gl = glen; \
3473cf63 398 if (utf8) gl *= UTF8_EXPAND; \
f337b084
TH		 399 if ((cur) + gl >= (start) + SvLEN(cat)) { \
400 *cur = '\0'; \
b162af07 401 SvCUR_set((cat), (cur) - (start)); \
0bd48802 402 (start) = sv_exp_grow(cat, gl); \
f337b084
TH		 403 (cur) = (start) + SvCUR(cat); \
404 } \
3a88beaa 405 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, buf, glen, 0); \
f337b084
TH		 406} STMT_END
407
408#define PUSH_BYTE(utf8, s, byte) \
409STMT_START { \
410 if (utf8) { \
f7fe979e 411 const U8 au8 = (byte); \
3a88beaa 412 (s) = S_bytes_to_uni(&au8, 1, (s), 0); \
f337b084
TH		 413 } else *(U8 *)(s)++ = (byte); \
414} STMT_END
415
416/* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
417#define NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags) \
418STMT_START { \
419 STRLEN retlen; \
420 if (str >= end) break; \
421 val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) str, end-str, &retlen, utf8_flags); \
422 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) { \
423 *cur = '\0'; \
424 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack"); \
425 } \
426 str += retlen; \
427} STMT_END
428
f7fe979e
AL		 429static const char *_action( const tempsym_t* symptr )
430{
10edeb5d 431 return (const char *)(( symptr->flags & FLAG_PACK ) ? "pack" : "unpack");
f7fe979e
AL		 432}
433
206947d2 434/* Returns the sizeof() struct described by pat */
028d1f6d 435STATIC I32
f337b084 436S_measure_struct(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr)
206947d2 437{
f337b084 438 I32 total = 0;
206947d2 439
7918f24d
NC		 440 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MEASURE_STRUCT;
441
49704364 442 while (next_symbol(symptr)) {
f337b084 443 I32 len;
f7fe979e 444 int size;
f337b084
TH		 445
446 switch (symptr->howlen) {
fc241834 447 case e_star:
49704364 448 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Within []-length '*' not allowed in %s",
f7fe979e 449 _action( symptr ) );
81d52ecd 450
f337b084
TH		 451 default:
452 /* e_no_len and e_number */
453 len = symptr->length;
454 break;
49704364
WL		 455 }
456
a7a3cfaa 457 size = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(symptr->code)] & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
80a13697 458 if (!size) {
f7fe979e 459 int star;
80a13697
NC		 460 /* endianness doesn't influence the size of a type */
461 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(symptr->code)) {
462 default:
463 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in %s",
464 (int)TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(symptr->code),
f7fe979e 465 _action( symptr ) );
28be1210
TH		 466 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
467 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
80a13697 468 case '@':
28be1210 469 case '.':
80a13697
NC		 470 case '/':
471 case 'U': /* XXXX Is it correct? */
472 case 'w':
473 case 'u':
474 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Within []-length '%c' not allowed in %s",
28be1210 475 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(symptr->code),
f7fe979e 476 _action( symptr ) );
80a13697
NC		 477 case '%':
478 size = 0;
479 break;
480 case '(':
fc241834
RGS		 481 {
482 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
483 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
484 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
485 /* XXXX Theoretically, we need to measure many times at
486 different positions, since the subexpression may contain
487 alignment commands, but be not of aligned length.
488 Need to detect this and croak(). */
489 size = measure_struct(symptr);
490 *symptr = savsym;
491 break;
492 }
80a13697
NC		 493 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
494 /* XXXX Is this useful? Then need to treat MEASURE_BACKWARDS.
495 */
496 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
497 len = 1;
498 len = total % len; /* Assumed: the start is aligned. */
924ba076 499 /* FALLTHROUGH */
80a13697
NC		 500 case 'X':
501 size = -1;
502 if (total < len)
f7fe979e 503 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in %s", _action( symptr ) );
80a13697
NC		 504 break;
505 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
506 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
507 len = 1;
508 star = total % len; /* Assumed: the start is aligned. */
509 if (star) /* Other portable ways? */
510 len = len - star;
511 else
512 len = 0;
924ba076 513 /* FALLTHROUGH */
80a13697
NC		 514 case 'x':
515 case 'A':
516 case 'Z':
517 case 'a':
80a13697
NC		 518 size = 1;
519 break;
520 case 'B':
521 case 'b':
522 len = (len + 7)/8;
523 size = 1;
524 break;
525 case 'H':
526 case 'h':
527 len = (len + 1)/2;
528 size = 1;
529 break;
78d46eaa 530
80a13697
NC		 531 case 'P':
532 len = 1;
533 size = sizeof(char*);
78d46eaa
NC		 534 break;
535 }
206947d2
IZ		 536 }
537 total += len * size;
538 }
539 return total;
540}
541
49704364
WL		 542
543/* locate matching closing parenthesis or bracket
544 * returns char pointer to char after match, or NULL
545 */
f7fe979e 546STATIC const char *
5aaab254 547S_group_end(pTHX_ const char *patptr, const char *patend, char ender)
18529408 548{
7918f24d
NC		 549 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GROUP_END;
550
49704364 551 while (patptr < patend) {
f7fe979e 552 const char c = *patptr++;
49704364
WL		 553
554 if (isSPACE(c))
555 continue;
556 else if (c == ender)
557 return patptr-1;
558 else if (c == '#') {
559 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
560 patptr++;
561 continue;
562 } else if (c == '(')
563 patptr = group_end(patptr, patend, ')') + 1;
564 else if (c == '[')
565 patptr = group_end(patptr, patend, ']') + 1;
18529408 566 }
49704364
WL		 567 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No group ending character '%c' found in template",
568 ender);
a25b5927 569 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
18529408
IZ		 570}
571
49704364
WL		 572
573/* Convert unsigned decimal number to binary.
574 * Expects a pointer to the first digit and address of length variable
575 * Advances char pointer to 1st non-digit char and returns number
fc241834 576 */
f7fe979e 577STATIC const char *
5aaab254 578S_get_num(pTHX_ const char *patptr, I32 *lenptr )
49704364
WL		 579{
580 I32 len = *patptr++ - '0';
7918f24d
NC		 581
582 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_NUM;
583
49704364
WL		 584 while (isDIGIT(*patptr)) {
585 if (len >= 0x7FFFFFFF/10)
586 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "pack/unpack repeat count overflow");
587 len = (len * 10) + (*patptr++ - '0');
588 }
589 *lenptr = len;
590 return patptr;
591}
592
593/* The marvellous template parsing routine: Using state stored in *symptr,
594 * locates next template code and count
595 */
596STATIC bool
f337b084 597S_next_symbol(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr )
18529408 598{
f7fe979e 599 const char* patptr = symptr->patptr;
0bcc34c2 600 const char* const patend = symptr->patend;
49704364 601
7918f24d
NC		 602 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEXT_SYMBOL;
603
49704364
WL		 604 symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_SLASH;
605
606 while (patptr < patend) {
607 if (isSPACE(*patptr))
608 patptr++;
609 else if (*patptr == '#') {
610 patptr++;
611 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
612 patptr++;
613 if (patptr < patend)
614 patptr++;
615 } else {
fc241834 616 /* We should have found a template code */
49704364 617 I32 code = *patptr++ & 0xFF;
66c611c5 618 U32 inherited_modifiers = 0;
49704364
WL		 619
620 if (code == ','){ /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
621 if (((symptr->flags & FLAG_COMMA) == 0) && ckWARN(WARN_UNPACK)){
622 symptr->flags |= FLAG_COMMA;
623 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
f7fe979e 624 "Invalid type ',' in %s", _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL		 625 }
626 continue;
627 }
fc241834 628
49704364 629 /* for '(', skip to ')' */
fc241834 630 if (code == '(') {
49704364
WL		 631 if( isDIGIT(*patptr) || *patptr == '*' || *patptr == '[' )
632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "()-group starts with a count in %s",
f7fe979e 633 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL		 634 symptr->grpbeg = patptr;
635 patptr = 1 + ( symptr->grpend = group_end(patptr, patend, ')') );
636 if( symptr->level >= MAX_SUB_TEMPLATE_LEVEL )
637 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Too deeply nested ()-groups in %s",
f7fe979e 638 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL		 639 }
640
66c611c5
MHM		 641 /* look for group modifiers to inherit */
642 if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(symptr->flags)) {
643 if (strchr(ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES, TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code)))
644 inherited_modifiers |= TYPE_ENDIANNESS(symptr->flags);
645 }
646
1109a392
MHM		 647 /* look for modifiers */
648 while (patptr < patend) {
b7787f18
AL		 649 const char *allowed;
650 I32 modifier;
1109a392
MHM		 651 switch (*patptr) {
652 case '!':
653 modifier = TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING;
f8e5a5db 654 allowed = "sSiIlLxXnNvV@.";
1109a392
MHM		 655 break;
656 case '>':
657 modifier = TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN;
66c611c5 658 allowed = ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES;
1109a392
MHM		 659 break;
660 case '<':
661 modifier = TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
66c611c5 662 allowed = ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES;
1109a392
MHM		 663 break;
664 default:
b7787f18
AL		 665 allowed = "";
666 modifier = 0;
1109a392
MHM		 667 break;
668 }
66c611c5 669
1109a392
MHM		 670 if (modifier == 0)
671 break;
66c611c5 672
1109a392
MHM		 673 if (!strchr(allowed, TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code)))
674 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' allowed only after types %s in %s", *patptr,
f7fe979e 675 allowed, _action( symptr ) );
66c611c5
MHM		 676
677 if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(code | modifier) == TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
1109a392 678 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s",
f7fe979e 679 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code), _action( symptr ) );
66c611c5
MHM		 680 else if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(code | modifier | inherited_modifiers) ==
681 TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
682 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s",
f7fe979e 683 *patptr, _action( symptr ) );
66c611c5 684
a2a5de95
NC		 685 if ((code & modifier)) {
686 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
687 "Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s",
688 *patptr, (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code),
689 _action( symptr ) );
1109a392 690 }
66c611c5 691
1109a392
MHM		 692 code |= modifier;
693 patptr++;
49704364
WL		 694 }
695
66c611c5
MHM		 696 /* inherit modifiers */
697 code |= inherited_modifiers;
698
fc241834 699 /* look for count and/or / */
49704364
WL		 700 if (patptr < patend) {
701 if (isDIGIT(*patptr)) {
702 patptr = get_num( patptr, &symptr->length );
703 symptr->howlen = e_number;
704
705 } else if (*patptr == '*') {
706 patptr++;
707 symptr->howlen = e_star;
708
709 } else if (*patptr == '[') {
f7fe979e 710 const char* lenptr = ++patptr;
49704364
WL		 711 symptr->howlen = e_number;
712 patptr = group_end( patptr, patend, ']' ) + 1;
713 /* what kind of [] is it? */
714 if (isDIGIT(*lenptr)) {
715 lenptr = get_num( lenptr, &symptr->length );
716 if( *lenptr != ']' )
717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed integer in [] in %s",
f7fe979e 718 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL		 719 } else {
720 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
721 symptr->patend = patptr-1;
722 symptr->patptr = lenptr;
723 savsym.length = measure_struct(symptr);
724 *symptr = savsym;
725 }
726 } else {
727 symptr->howlen = e_no_len;
728 symptr->length = 1;
729 }
730
731 /* try to find / */
732 while (patptr < patend) {
733 if (isSPACE(*patptr))
734 patptr++;
735 else if (*patptr == '#') {
736 patptr++;
737 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
738 patptr++;
739 if (patptr < patend)
740 patptr++;
741 } else {
66c611c5 742 if (*patptr == '/') {
49704364
WL		 743 symptr->flags |= FLAG_SLASH;
744 patptr++;
66c611c5
MHM		 745 if (patptr < patend &&
746 (isDIGIT(*patptr) || *patptr == '*' || *patptr == '['))
49704364 747 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'/' does not take a repeat count in %s",
f7fe979e 748 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL		 749 }
750 break;
751 }
18529408 752 }
49704364
WL		 753 } else {
754 /* at end - no count, no / */
755 symptr->howlen = e_no_len;
756 symptr->length = 1;
757 }
758
759 symptr->code = code;
fc241834 760 symptr->patptr = patptr;
49704364 761 return TRUE;
18529408 762 }
49704364 763 }
fc241834 764 symptr->patptr = patptr;
49704364 765 return FALSE;
18529408
IZ		 766}
767
18529408 768/*
fc241834 769 There is no way to cleanly handle the case where we should process the
08ca2aa3 770 string per byte in its upgraded form while it's really in downgraded form
fc241834
RGS		 771 (e.g. estimates like strend-s as an upper bound for the number of
772 characters left wouldn't work). So if we foresee the need of this
773 (pattern starts with U or contains U0), we want to work on the encoded
774 version of the string. Users are advised to upgrade their pack string
08ca2aa3
TH		 775 themselves if they need to do a lot of unpacks like this on it
776*/
fc241834 777STATIC bool
08ca2aa3
TH		 778need_utf8(const char *pat, const char *patend)
779{
780 bool first = TRUE;
7918f24d
NC		 781
782 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEED_UTF8;
783
08ca2aa3
TH		 784 while (pat < patend) {
785 if (pat[0] == '#') {
786 pat++;
f7fe979e 787 pat = (const char *) memchr(pat, '\n', patend-pat);
08ca2aa3
TH		 788 if (!pat) return FALSE;
789 } else if (pat[0] == 'U') {
790 if (first || pat[1] == '0') return TRUE;
791 } else first = FALSE;
792 pat++;
793 }
794 return FALSE;
795}
796
797STATIC char
798first_symbol(const char *pat, const char *patend) {
7918f24d
NC		 799 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIRST_SYMBOL;
800
08ca2aa3
TH		 801 while (pat < patend) {
802 if (pat[0] != '#') return pat[0];
803 pat++;
f7fe979e 804 pat = (const char *) memchr(pat, '\n', patend-pat);
08ca2aa3
TH		 805 if (!pat) return 0;
806 pat++;
807 }
808 return 0;
809}
810
811/*
dcccc8ff
KW		 812
813=head1 Pack and Unpack
814
7accc089
JH		 815=for apidoc unpackstring
816
21ebfc7a
DM		 817The engine implementing the unpack() Perl function.
818
819Using the template pat..patend, this function unpacks the string
820s..strend into a number of mortal SVs, which it pushes onto the perl
821argument (@_) stack (so you will need to issue a C<PUTBACK> before and
72d33970 822C<SPAGAIN> after the call to this function). It returns the number of
21ebfc7a
DM		 823pushed elements.
824
825The strend and patend pointers should point to the byte following the last
826character of each string.
827
828Although this function returns its values on the perl argument stack, it
829doesn't take any parameters from that stack (and thus in particular
830there's no need to do a PUSHMARK before calling it, unlike L</call_pv> for
831example).
7accc089
JH		 832
833=cut */
834
835I32
f7fe979e 836Perl_unpackstring(pTHX_ const char *pat, const char *patend, const char *s, const char *strend, U32 flags)
7accc089 837{
f7fe979e 838 tempsym_t sym;
08ca2aa3 839
7918f24d
NC		 840 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UNPACKSTRING;
841
f337b084 842 if (flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) flags |= FLAG_WAS_UTF8;
08ca2aa3
TH		 843 else if (need_utf8(pat, patend)) {
844 /* We probably should try to avoid this in case a scalar context call
845 wouldn't get to the "U0" */
846 STRLEN len = strend - s;
230e1fce 847 s = (char *) bytes_to_utf8((U8 *) s, &len);
08ca2aa3
TH		 848 SAVEFREEPV(s);
849 strend = s + len;
f337b084 850 flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
08ca2aa3
TH		 851 }
852
f337b084
TH		 853 if (first_symbol(pat, patend) != 'U' && (flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8))
854 flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
08ca2aa3 855
f7fe979e 856 TEMPSYM_INIT(&sym, pat, patend, flags);
7accc089
JH		 857
858 return unpack_rec(&sym, s, s, strend, NULL );
859}
860
4136a0f7 861STATIC I32
f7fe979e 862S_unpack_rec(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr, const char *s, const char *strbeg, const char *strend, const char **new_s )
49704364 863{
20b7effb 864 dSP;
3297d27d 865 SV *sv = NULL;
f7fe979e 866 const I32 start_sp_offset = SP - PL_stack_base;
49704364 867 howlen_t howlen;
a6ec74c1 868 I32 checksum = 0;
92d41999 869 UV cuv = 0;
a6ec74c1 870 NV cdouble = 0.0;
f337b084 871 const int bits_in_uv = CHAR_BIT * sizeof(cuv);
49704364 872 bool beyond = FALSE;
21c16052 873 bool explicit_length;
9e27e96a 874 const bool unpack_only_one = (symptr->flags & FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE) != 0;
f337b084 875 bool utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_PARSE_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
7918f24d
NC		 876
877 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UNPACK_REC;
878
28be1210 879 symptr->strbeg = s - strbeg;
49704364 880
49704364 881 while (next_symbol(symptr)) {
a7a3cfaa 882 packprops_t props;
9e27e96a 883 I32 len;
f337b084 884 I32 datumtype = symptr->code;
a1219b5e 885 bool needs_swap;
206947d2 886 /* do first one only unless in list context
08ca2aa3 887 / is implemented by unpacking the count, then popping it from the
206947d2 888 stack, so must check that we're not in the middle of a / */
49704364 889 if ( unpack_only_one
206947d2 890 && (SP - PL_stack_base == start_sp_offset + 1)
49704364 891 && (datumtype != '/') ) /* XXX can this be omitted */
206947d2 892 break;
49704364 893
f337b084 894 switch (howlen = symptr->howlen) {
fc241834
RGS		 895 case e_star:
896 len = strend - strbeg; /* long enough */
49704364 897 break;
f337b084
TH		 898 default:
899 /* e_no_len and e_number */
900 len = symptr->length;
901 break;
49704364 902 }
18529408 903
21c16052 904 explicit_length = TRUE;
a6ec74c1 905 redo_switch:
49704364 906 beyond = s >= strend;
a7a3cfaa
TH		 907
908 props = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)];
909 if (props) {
910 /* props nonzero means we can process this letter. */
9e27e96a
AL		 911 const long size = props & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
912 const long howmany = (strend - s) / size;
a7a3cfaa
TH		 913 if (len > howmany)
914 len = howmany;
915
916 if (!checksum || (props & PACK_SIZE_CANNOT_CSUM)) {
917 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
918 EXTEND(SP, len);
919 EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
78d46eaa
NC		 920 }
921 }
a7a3cfaa 922
a1219b5e
NC		 923 needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
924
1109a392 925 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)) {
a6ec74c1 926 default:
1109a392 927 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in unpack", (int)TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype) );
49704364 928
a6ec74c1 929 case '%':
49704364 930 if (howlen == e_no_len)
18529408 931 len = 16; /* len is not specified */
a6ec74c1 932 checksum = len;
92d41999 933 cuv = 0;
a6ec74c1 934 cdouble = 0;
18529408 935 continue;
81d52ecd 936
18529408
IZ		 937 case '(':
938 {
49704364 939 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
9e27e96a 940 const U32 group_modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIERS(datumtype & ~symptr->flags);
66c611c5 941 symptr->flags |= group_modifiers;
49704364 942 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
28be1210 943 symptr->previous = &savsym;
49704364 944 symptr->level++;
18529408 945 PUTBACK;
c6f750d1 946 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
18529408 947 while (len--) {
49704364 948 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
f337b084
TH		 949 if (utf8) symptr->flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
950 else symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
08ca2aa3
TH		 951 unpack_rec(symptr, s, strbeg, strend, &s);
952 if (s == strend && savsym.howlen == e_star)
49704364 953 break; /* No way to continue */
18529408
IZ		 954 }
955 SPAGAIN;
28be1210 956 savsym.flags = symptr->flags & ~group_modifiers;
49704364 957 *symptr = savsym;
18529408
IZ		 958 break;
959 }
28be1210 960 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
28be1210 961 case '.': {
9e27e96a 962 const char *from;
28be1210 963 SV *sv;
9e27e96a 964 const bool u8 = utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING);
28be1210
TH		 965 if (howlen == e_star) from = strbeg;
966 else if (len <= 0) from = s;
967 else {
968 tempsym_t *group = symptr;
969
970 while (--len && group) group = group->previous;
971 from = group ? strbeg + group->strbeg : strbeg;
972 }
973 sv = from <= s ?
00646304
CB		 974 newSVuv( u8 ? (UV) utf8_length((const U8*)from, (const U8*)s) : (UV) (s-from)) :
975 newSViv(-(u8 ? (IV) utf8_length((const U8*)s, (const U8*)from) : (IV) (from-s)));
6e449a3a 976 mXPUSHs(sv);
28be1210
TH		 977 break;
978 }
28be1210 979 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 980 case '@':
28be1210 981 s = strbeg + symptr->strbeg;
28be1210 982 if (utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
28be1210 983 {
08ca2aa3
TH		 984 while (len > 0) {
985 if (s >= strend)
986 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string in unpack");
987 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
988 len--;
989 }
990 if (s > strend)
991 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack");
992 } else {
28be1210 993 if (strend-s < len)
fc241834 994 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string in unpack");
28be1210 995 s += len;
08ca2aa3 996 }
a6ec74c1 997 break;
62f95557
IZ		 998 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
999 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
1000 len = 1;
08ca2aa3 1001 if (utf8) {
f7fe979e 1002 const char *hop, *last;
f337b084
TH		 1003 I32 l = len;
1004 hop = last = strbeg;
1005 while (hop < s) {
1006 hop += UTF8SKIP(hop);
1007 if (--l == 0) {
08ca2aa3 1008 last = hop;
f337b084
TH		 1009 l = len;
1010 }
fc241834 1011 }
f337b084
TH		 1012 if (last > s)
1013 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
08ca2aa3
TH		 1014 s = last;
1015 break;
f337b084
TH		 1016 }
1017 len = (s - strbeg) % len;
924ba076 1018 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1019 case 'X':
08ca2aa3
TH		 1020 if (utf8) {
1021 while (len > 0) {
1022 if (s <= strbeg)
1023 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack");
f337b084 1024 while (--s, UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s)) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1025 if (s <= strbeg)
1026 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack");
1027 }
1028 len--;
1029 }
1030 } else {
fc241834
RGS		 1031 if (len > s - strbeg)
1032 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack" );
1033 s -= len;
08ca2aa3 1034 }
a6ec74c1 1035 break;
9e27e96a
AL		 1036 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING: {
1037 I32 ai32;
62f95557
IZ		 1038 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
1039 len = 1;
230e1fce
NC		 1040 if (utf8) ai32 = utf8_length((U8 *) strbeg, (U8 *) s) % len;
1041 else ai32 = (s - strbeg) % len;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1042 if (ai32 == 0) break;
1043 len -= ai32;
9e27e96a 1044 }
924ba076 1045 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1046 case 'x':
08ca2aa3
TH		 1047 if (utf8) {
1048 while (len>0) {
1049 if (s >= strend)
1050 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'x' outside of string in unpack");
1051 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
1052 len--;
1053 }
1054 } else {
fc241834
RGS		 1055 if (len > strend - s)
1056 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'x' outside of string in unpack");
1057 s += len;
f337b084 1058 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 1059 break;
1060 case '/':
49704364 1061 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'/' must follow a numeric type in unpack");
81d52ecd 1062
a6ec74c1
JH		 1063 case 'A':
1064 case 'Z':
1065 case 'a':
08ca2aa3
TH		 1066 if (checksum) {
1067 /* Preliminary length estimate is assumed done in 'W' */
1068 if (len > strend - s) len = strend - s;
1069 goto W_checksum;
1070 }
1071 if (utf8) {
1072 I32 l;
f7fe979e 1073 const char *hop;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1074 for (l=len, hop=s; l>0; l--, hop += UTF8SKIP(hop)) {
1075 if (hop >= strend) {
1076 if (hop > strend)
1077 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1078 break;
fc241834 1079 }
a6ec74c1 1080 }
08ca2aa3
TH		 1081 if (hop > strend)
1082 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1083 len = hop - s;
1084 } else if (len > strend - s)
1085 len = strend - s;
1086
1087 if (datumtype == 'Z') {
1088 /* 'Z' strips stuff after first null */
f7fe979e 1089 const char *ptr, *end;
f337b084
TH		 1090 end = s + len;
1091 for (ptr = s; ptr < end; ptr++) if (*ptr == 0) break;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1092 sv = newSVpvn(s, ptr-s);
1093 if (howlen == e_star) /* exact for 'Z*' */
1094 len = ptr-s + (ptr != strend ? 1 : 0);
1095 } else if (datumtype == 'A') {
1096 /* 'A' strips both nulls and spaces */
f7fe979e 1097 const char *ptr;
18bdf90a
TH		 1098 if (utf8 && (symptr->flags & FLAG_WAS_UTF8)) {
1099 for (ptr = s+len-1; ptr >= s; ptr--)
1100 if (*ptr != 0 && !UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*ptr) &&
76a77b1b 1101 !isSPACE_utf8(ptr)) break;
18bdf90a
TH		 1102 if (ptr >= s) ptr += UTF8SKIP(ptr);
1103 else ptr++;
28be1210 1104 if (ptr > s+len)
18bdf90a
TH		 1105 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1106 } else {
1107 for (ptr = s+len-1; ptr >= s; ptr--)
1108 if (*ptr != 0 && !isSPACE(*ptr)) break;
1109 ptr++;
1110 }
08ca2aa3
TH		 1111 sv = newSVpvn(s, ptr-s);
1112 } else sv = newSVpvn(s, len);
1113
1114 if (utf8) {
1115 SvUTF8_on(sv);
1116 /* Undo any upgrade done due to need_utf8() */
f337b084 1117 if (!(symptr->flags & FLAG_WAS_UTF8))
08ca2aa3 1118 sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, 0);
a6ec74c1 1119 }
6e449a3a 1120 mXPUSHs(sv);
08ca2aa3 1121 s += len;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1122 break;
1123 case 'B':
08ca2aa3
TH		 1124 case 'b': {
1125 char *str;
49704364 1126 if (howlen == e_star || len > (strend - s) * 8)
a6ec74c1
JH		 1127 len = (strend - s) * 8;
1128 if (checksum) {
f337b084 1129 if (utf8)
08ca2aa3 1130 while (len >= 8 && s < strend) {
f337b084 1131 cuv += PL_bitcount[uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype)];
08ca2aa3
TH		 1132 len -= 8;
1133 }
f337b084 1134 else
fc241834 1135 while (len >= 8) {
08ca2aa3 1136 cuv += PL_bitcount[*(U8 *)s++];
fc241834
RGS		 1137 len -= 8;
1138 }
08ca2aa3
TH		 1139 if (len && s < strend) {
1140 U8 bits;
f337b084
TH		 1141 bits = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
1142 if (datumtype == 'b')
a6ec74c1 1143 while (len-- > 0) {
92d41999 1144 if (bits & 1) cuv++;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1145 bits >>= 1;
1146 }
f337b084 1147 else
a6ec74c1 1148 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1149 if (bits & 0x80) cuv++;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1150 bits <<= 1;
1151 }
fc241834 1152 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 1153 break;
1154 }
08ca2aa3 1155
561b68a9 1156 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(len ? len : 1));
a6ec74c1
JH		 1157 SvPOK_on(sv);
1158 str = SvPVX(sv);
1159 if (datumtype == 'b') {
f337b084 1160 U8 bits = 0;
f7fe979e 1161 const I32 ai32 = len;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1162 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1163 if (len & 7) bits >>= 1;
1164 else if (utf8) {
1165 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1166 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1167 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1168 *str++ = bits & 1 ? '1' : '0';
a6ec74c1 1169 }
08ca2aa3 1170 } else {
f337b084 1171 U8 bits = 0;
f7fe979e 1172 const I32 ai32 = len;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1173 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1174 if (len & 7) bits <<= 1;
1175 else if (utf8) {
1176 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1177 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1178 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1179 *str++ = bits & 0x80 ? '1' : '0';
a6ec74c1
JH		 1180 }
1181 }
1182 *str = '\0';
aa07b2f6 1183 SvCUR_set(sv, str - SvPVX_const(sv));
08ca2aa3 1184 XPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1 1185 break;
08ca2aa3 1186 }
a6ec74c1 1187 case 'H':
08ca2aa3 1188 case 'h': {
3297d27d 1189 char *str = NULL;
fc241834 1190 /* Preliminary length estimate, acceptable for utf8 too */
49704364 1191 if (howlen == e_star || len > (strend - s) * 2)
a6ec74c1 1192 len = (strend - s) * 2;
858fe5e1
TC		 1193 if (!checksum) {
1194 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(len ? len : 1));
1195 SvPOK_on(sv);
1196 str = SvPVX(sv);
1197 }
a6ec74c1 1198 if (datumtype == 'h') {
f337b084 1199 U8 bits = 0;
9e27e96a 1200 I32 ai32 = len;
fc241834
RGS		 1201 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1202 if (len & 1) bits >>= 4;
1203 else if (utf8) {
1204 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1205 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
fc241834 1206 } else bits = * (U8 *) s++;
858fe5e1
TC		 1207 if (!checksum)
1208 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[bits & 15];
a6ec74c1 1209 }
08ca2aa3 1210 } else {
f337b084 1211 U8 bits = 0;
f7fe979e 1212 const I32 ai32 = len;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1213 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1214 if (len & 1) bits <<= 4;
1215 else if (utf8) {
1216 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1217 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3 1218 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
858fe5e1
TC		 1219 if (!checksum)
1220 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[(bits >> 4) & 15];
a6ec74c1
JH		 1221 }
1222 }
858fe5e1
TC		 1223 if (!checksum) {
1224 *str = '\0';
1225 SvCUR_set(sv, str - SvPVX_const(sv));
1226 XPUSHs(sv);
1227 }
a6ec74c1 1228 break;
08ca2aa3 1229 }
1651fc44
ML		 1230 case 'C':
1231 if (len == 0) {
1232 if (explicit_length)
1233 /* Switch to "character" mode */
1234 utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
1235 break;
1236 }
924ba076 1237 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1238 case 'c':
1651fc44
ML		 1239 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1240 int aint;
1241 if (utf8)
1242 {
1243 STRLEN retlen;
1244 aint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) s, strend-s, &retlen,
1245 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
1246 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1247 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1248 s += retlen;
1249 }
1250 else
1251 aint = *(U8 *)(s)++;
1252 if (aint >= 128 && datumtype != 'C') /* fake up signed chars */
73cb7263 1253 aint -= 256;
08ca2aa3 1254 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1255 mPUSHi(aint);
73cb7263
NC		 1256 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1257 cdouble += (NV)aint;
1258 else
1259 cuv += aint;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1260 }
1261 break;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1262 case 'W':
1263 W_checksum:
1651fc44 1264 if (utf8) {
08ca2aa3 1265 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
08ca2aa3 1266 STRLEN retlen;
f7fe979e 1267 const UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) s, strend-s, &retlen,
f337b084 1268 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1269 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1270 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1271 s += retlen;
1272 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1273 mPUSHu(val);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1274 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1275 cdouble += (NV) val;
d6d3e8bd 1276 else
08ca2aa3 1277 cuv += val;
fc241834 1278 }
08ca2aa3 1279 } else if (!checksum)
a6ec74c1 1280 while (len-- > 0) {
f7fe979e 1281 const U8 ch = *(U8 *) s++;
6e449a3a 1282 mPUSHu(ch);
a6ec74c1 1283 }
08ca2aa3
TH		 1284 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1285 while (len-- > 0) cdouble += (NV) *(U8 *) s++;
1286 else
1287 while (len-- > 0) cuv += *(U8 *) s++;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1288 break;
1289 case 'U':
35bcd338 1290 if (len == 0) {
c5333953 1291 if (explicit_length && howlen != e_star) {
08ca2aa3 1292 /* Switch to "bytes in UTF-8" mode */
f337b084 1293 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) utf8 = 0;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1294 else
1295 /* Should be impossible due to the need_utf8() test */
1296 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "U0 mode on a byte string");
1297 }
35bcd338
JH		 1298 break;
1299 }
08ca2aa3 1300 if (len > strend - s) len = strend - s;
fc241834 1301 if (!checksum) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1302 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
1303 EXTEND(SP, len);
1304 EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
fc241834 1305 }
08ca2aa3
TH		 1306 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1307 STRLEN retlen;
1308 UV auv;
1309 if (utf8) {
1310 U8 result[UTF8_MAXLEN];
f7fe979e 1311 const char *ptr = s;
08ca2aa3 1312 STRLEN len;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1313 /* Bug: warns about bad utf8 even if we are short on bytes
1314 and will break out of the loop */
230e1fce
NC		 1315 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &ptr, strend, (char *) result, 1,
1316 'U'))
08ca2aa3
TH		 1317 break;
1318 len = UTF8SKIP(result);
fc241834 1319 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &ptr, strend,
230e1fce 1320 (char *) &result[1], len-1, 'U')) break;
c80e42f3 1321 auv = utf8n_to_uvchr(result, len, &retlen, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1322 s = ptr;
1323 } else {
c80e42f3 1324 auv = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s, strend - s, &retlen, UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1325 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1326 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1327 s += retlen;
1328 }
1329 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1330 mPUSHu(auv);
73cb7263 1331 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
08ca2aa3 1332 cdouble += (NV) auv;
73cb7263 1333 else
08ca2aa3 1334 cuv += auv;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1335 }
1336 break;
49704364
WL		 1337 case 's' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1338#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
73cb7263 1339 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1340 short ashort;
aaec8192 1341 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, ashort, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1342 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1343 mPUSHi(ashort);
73cb7263
NC		 1344 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1345 cdouble += (NV)ashort;
1346 else
1347 cuv += ashort;
49704364
WL		 1348 }
1349 break;
1350#else
924ba076 1351 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1352#endif
49704364 1353 case 's':
73cb7263 1354 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1355 I16 ai16;
1356
1357#if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1358 ai16 = 0;
1359#endif
aaec8192 1360 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &ai16, datumtype, needs_swap);
1109a392 1361#if U16SIZE > SIZE16
73cb7263
NC		 1362 if (ai16 > 32767)
1363 ai16 -= 65536;
a6ec74c1 1364#endif
08ca2aa3 1365 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1366 mPUSHi(ai16);
73cb7263
NC		 1367 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1368 cdouble += (NV)ai16;
1369 else
1370 cuv += ai16;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1371 }
1372 break;
49704364
WL		 1373 case 'S' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1374#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
73cb7263 1375 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1376 unsigned short aushort;
aaec8192
NC		 1377 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aushort, datumtype, needs_swap,
1378 needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1379 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1380 mPUSHu(aushort);
73cb7263
NC		 1381 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1382 cdouble += (NV)aushort;
1383 else
1384 cuv += aushort;
49704364
WL		 1385 }
1386 break;
1387#else
924ba076 1388 /* FALLTHROUGH */
49704364 1389#endif
a6ec74c1
JH		 1390 case 'v':
1391 case 'n':
1392 case 'S':
73cb7263 1393 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1394 U16 au16;
1395#if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1396 au16 = 0;
1397#endif
aaec8192 1398 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &au16, datumtype, needs_swap);
73cb7263
NC		 1399 if (datumtype == 'n')
1400 au16 = PerlSock_ntohs(au16);
73cb7263
NC		 1401 if (datumtype == 'v')
1402 au16 = vtohs(au16);
08ca2aa3 1403 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1404 mPUSHu(au16);
73cb7263 1405 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
f337b084 1406 cdouble += (NV) au16;
73cb7263
NC		 1407 else
1408 cuv += au16;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1409 }
1410 break;
068bd2e7
MHM		 1411 case 'v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1412 case 'n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1413 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1414 I16 ai16;
1415# if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1416 ai16 = 0;
1417# endif
aaec8192 1418 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &ai16, datumtype, needs_swap);
e396d235
NC		 1419 /* There should never be any byte-swapping here. */
1420 assert(!TYPE_ENDIANNESS(datumtype));
73cb7263 1421 if (datumtype == ('n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
08ca2aa3 1422 ai16 = (I16) PerlSock_ntohs((U16) ai16);
73cb7263 1423 if (datumtype == ('v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
08ca2aa3 1424 ai16 = (I16) vtohs((U16) ai16);
08ca2aa3 1425 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1426 mPUSHi(ai16);
73cb7263 1427 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
08ca2aa3 1428 cdouble += (NV) ai16;
73cb7263
NC		 1429 else
1430 cuv += ai16;
068bd2e7
MHM		 1431 }
1432 break;
a6ec74c1 1433 case 'i':
49704364 1434 case 'i' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1435 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1436 int aint;
aaec8192 1437 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aint, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1438 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1439 mPUSHi(aint);
73cb7263
NC		 1440 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1441 cdouble += (NV)aint;
1442 else
1443 cuv += aint;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1444 }
1445 break;
1446 case 'I':
49704364 1447 case 'I' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1448 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1449 unsigned int auint;
aaec8192 1450 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auint, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1451 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1452 mPUSHu(auint);
73cb7263
NC		 1453 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1454 cdouble += (NV)auint;
1455 else
1456 cuv += auint;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1457 }
1458 break;
92d41999 1459 case 'j':
73cb7263 1460 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1461 IV aiv;
aaec8192 1462 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aiv, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1463 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1464 mPUSHi(aiv);
73cb7263
NC		 1465 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1466 cdouble += (NV)aiv;
1467 else
1468 cuv += aiv;
92d41999
JH		 1469 }
1470 break;
1471 case 'J':
73cb7263 1472 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1473 UV auv;
aaec8192 1474 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auv, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1475 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1476 mPUSHu(auv);
73cb7263
NC		 1477 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1478 cdouble += (NV)auv;
1479 else
1480 cuv += auv;
92d41999
JH		 1481 }
1482 break;
49704364
WL		 1483 case 'l' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1484#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
73cb7263 1485 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1486 long along;
aaec8192 1487 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, along, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1488 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1489 mPUSHi(along);
73cb7263
NC		 1490 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1491 cdouble += (NV)along;
1492 else
1493 cuv += along;
49704364
WL		 1494 }
1495 break;
1496#else
924ba076 1497 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1498#endif
49704364 1499 case 'l':
73cb7263 1500 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1501 I32 ai32;
1502#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1503 ai32 = 0;
1504#endif
aaec8192 1505 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &ai32, datumtype, needs_swap);
25a9bd2a 1506#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
08ca2aa3 1507 if (ai32 > 2147483647) ai32 -= 4294967296;
a6ec74c1 1508#endif
08ca2aa3 1509 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1510 mPUSHi(ai32);
73cb7263
NC		 1511 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1512 cdouble += (NV)ai32;
1513 else
1514 cuv += ai32;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1515 }
1516 break;
49704364
WL		 1517 case 'L' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1518#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
73cb7263 1519 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1520 unsigned long aulong;
aaec8192 1521 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aulong, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1522 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1523 mPUSHu(aulong);
73cb7263
NC		 1524 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1525 cdouble += (NV)aulong;
1526 else
1527 cuv += aulong;
49704364
WL		 1528 }
1529 break;
1530#else
924ba076 1531 /* FALLTHROUGH */
49704364 1532#endif
a6ec74c1
JH		 1533 case 'V':
1534 case 'N':
1535 case 'L':
73cb7263 1536 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH		 1537 U32 au32;
1538#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1539 au32 = 0;
1540#endif
aaec8192 1541 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &au32, datumtype, needs_swap);
73cb7263
NC		 1542 if (datumtype == 'N')
1543 au32 = PerlSock_ntohl(au32);
73cb7263
NC		 1544 if (datumtype == 'V')
1545 au32 = vtohl(au32);
08ca2aa3 1546 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1547 mPUSHu(au32);
fc241834
RGS		 1548 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1549 cdouble += (NV)au32;
1550 else
1551 cuv += au32;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1552 }
1553 break;
068bd2e7
MHM		 1554 case 'V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1555 case 'N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1556 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1557 I32 ai32;
f8e5a5db 1558#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
08ca2aa3 1559 ai32 = 0;
f8e5a5db 1560#endif
aaec8192 1561 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &ai32, datumtype, needs_swap);
e396d235
NC		 1562 /* There should never be any byte swapping here. */
1563 assert(!TYPE_ENDIANNESS(datumtype));
73cb7263
NC		 1564 if (datumtype == ('N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1565 ai32 = (I32)PerlSock_ntohl((U32)ai32);
73cb7263
NC		 1566 if (datumtype == ('V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1567 ai32 = (I32)vtohl((U32)ai32);
08ca2aa3 1568 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1569 mPUSHi(ai32);
73cb7263
NC		 1570 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1571 cdouble += (NV)ai32;
1572 else
1573 cuv += ai32;
068bd2e7
MHM		 1574 }
1575 break;
a6ec74c1 1576 case 'p':
a6ec74c1 1577 while (len-- > 0) {
f7fe979e 1578 const char *aptr;
aaec8192 1579 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aptr, datumtype, needs_swap);
c4c5f44a 1580 /* newSVpv generates undef if aptr is NULL */
6e449a3a 1581 mPUSHs(newSVpv(aptr, 0));
a6ec74c1
JH		 1582 }
1583 break;
1584 case 'w':
a6ec74c1
JH		 1585 {
1586 UV auv = 0;
1587 U32 bytes = 0;
fc241834 1588
08ca2aa3
TH		 1589 while (len > 0 && s < strend) {
1590 U8 ch;
f337b084 1591 ch = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3 1592 auv = (auv << 7) | (ch & 0x7f);
a6ec74c1 1593 /* UTF8_IS_XXXXX not right here - using constant 0x80 */
08ca2aa3 1594 if (ch < 0x80) {
a6ec74c1 1595 bytes = 0;
6e449a3a 1596 mPUSHu(auv);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1597 len--;
1598 auv = 0;
08ca2aa3 1599 continue;
a6ec74c1 1600 }
08ca2aa3 1601 if (++bytes >= sizeof(UV)) { /* promote to string */
10516c54 1602 const char *t;
a6ec74c1 1603
f5992bc4 1604 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%.*"UVuf, (int)TYPE_DIGITS(UV), auv);
a6ec74c1 1605 while (s < strend) {
f337b084 1606 ch = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1607 sv = mul128(sv, (U8)(ch & 0x7f));
1608 if (!(ch & 0x80)) {
a6ec74c1
JH		 1609 bytes = 0;
1610 break;
1611 }
1612 }
10516c54 1613 t = SvPV_nolen_const(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1614 while (*t == '0')
1615 t++;
1616 sv_chop(sv, t);
6e449a3a 1617 mPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1618 len--;
1619 auv = 0;
1620 }
1621 }
1622 if ((s >= strend) && bytes)
49704364 1623 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unterminated compressed integer in unpack");
a6ec74c1
JH		 1624 }
1625 break;
1626 case 'P':
49704364
WL		 1627 if (symptr->howlen == e_star)
1628 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'P' must have an explicit size in unpack");
a6ec74c1 1629 EXTEND(SP, 1);
2d3e0934 1630 if (s + sizeof(char*) <= strend) {
08ca2aa3 1631 char *aptr;
aaec8192 1632 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aptr, datumtype, needs_swap);
fc241834 1633 /* newSVpvn generates undef if aptr is NULL */
59cd0e26 1634 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(aptr, len, SVs_TEMP));
08ca2aa3 1635 }
a6ec74c1 1636 break;
c174bf3b 1637#if defined(HAS_QUAD) && IVSIZE >= 8
a6ec74c1 1638 case 'q':
73cb7263 1639 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1640 Quad_t aquad;
aaec8192 1641 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aquad, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1642 if (!checksum)
c174bf3b 1643 mPUSHs(newSViv((IV)aquad));
73cb7263
NC		 1644 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1645 cdouble += (NV)aquad;
1646 else
1647 cuv += aquad;
1648 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 1649 break;
1650 case 'Q':
73cb7263 1651 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1652 Uquad_t auquad;
aaec8192 1653 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auquad, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1654 if (!checksum)
c174bf3b 1655 mPUSHs(newSVuv((UV)auquad));
73cb7263
NC		 1656 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1657 cdouble += (NV)auquad;
1658 else
1659 cuv += auquad;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1660 }
1661 break;
1640b983 1662#endif
a6ec74c1
JH		 1663 /* float and double added gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
1664 case 'f':
73cb7263 1665 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1666 float afloat;
aaec8192 1667 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, afloat, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1668 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1669 mPUSHn(afloat);
08ca2aa3 1670 else
73cb7263 1671 cdouble += afloat;
fc241834 1672 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 1673 break;
1674 case 'd':
73cb7263 1675 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1676 double adouble;
aaec8192 1677 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, adouble, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1678 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1679 mPUSHn(adouble);
08ca2aa3 1680 else
73cb7263 1681 cdouble += adouble;
fc241834 1682 }
a6ec74c1 1683 break;
92d41999 1684 case 'F':
73cb7263 1685 while (len-- > 0) {
275663fa 1686 NV_bytes anv;
aaec8192
NC		 1687 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, anv.bytes, sizeof(anv.bytes),
1688 datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1689 if (!checksum)
275663fa 1690 mPUSHn(anv.nv);
08ca2aa3 1691 else
275663fa 1692 cdouble += anv.nv;
fc241834 1693 }
92d41999
JH		 1694 break;
1695#if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
1696 case 'D':
73cb7263 1697 while (len-- > 0) {
275663fa 1698 ld_bytes aldouble;
aaec8192
NC		 1699 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, aldouble.bytes,
1700 sizeof(aldouble.bytes), datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1701 if (!checksum)
275663fa 1702 mPUSHn(aldouble.ld);
08ca2aa3 1703 else
275663fa 1704 cdouble += aldouble.ld;
92d41999
JH		 1705 }
1706 break;
1707#endif
a6ec74c1 1708 case 'u':
858fe5e1 1709 if (!checksum) {
f7fe979e 1710 const STRLEN l = (STRLEN) (strend - s) * 3 / 4;
561b68a9 1711 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(l));
08ca2aa3
TH		 1712 if (l) SvPOK_on(sv);
1713 }
1714 if (utf8) {
1715 while (next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &len)) {
1716 I32 a, b, c, d;
db187877 1717 char hunk[3];
08ca2aa3 1718
08ca2aa3
TH		 1719 while (len > 0) {
1720 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &a);
1721 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &b);
1722 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &c);
1723 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &d);
1724 hunk[0] = (char)((a << 2) | (b >> 4));
1725 hunk[1] = (char)((b << 4) | (c >> 2));
1726 hunk[2] = (char)((c << 6) | d);
858fe5e1
TC		 1727 if (!checksum)
1728 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
08ca2aa3
TH		 1729 len -= 3;
1730 }
1731 if (s < strend) {
f7fe979e
AL		 1732 if (*s == '\n') {
1733 s++;
1734 }
08ca2aa3
TH		 1735 else {
1736 /* possible checksum byte */
f7fe979e
AL		 1737 const char *skip = s+UTF8SKIP(s);
1738 if (skip < strend && *skip == '\n')
1739 s = skip+1;
08ca2aa3
TH		 1740 }
1741 }
1742 }
1743 } else {
fc241834
RGS		 1744 while (s < strend && *s > ' ' && ISUUCHAR(*s)) {
1745 I32 a, b, c, d;
db187877 1746 char hunk[3];
a6ec74c1 1747
fc241834
RGS		 1748 len = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1749 while (len > 0) {
1750 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1751 a = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1752 else
1753 a = 0;
1754 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1755 b = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1756 else
1757 b = 0;
1758 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1759 c = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1760 else
1761 c = 0;
1762 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1763 d = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1764 else
1765 d = 0;
1766 hunk[0] = (char)((a << 2) | (b >> 4));
1767 hunk[1] = (char)((b << 4) | (c >> 2));
1768 hunk[2] = (char)((c << 6) | d);
858fe5e1
TC		 1769 if (!checksum)
1770 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
fc241834
RGS		 1771 len -= 3;
1772 }
1773 if (*s == '\n')
1774 s++;
1775 else /* possible checksum byte */
1776 if (s + 1 < strend && s[1] == '\n')
1777 s += 2;
a6ec74c1 1778 }
08ca2aa3 1779 }
858fe5e1
TC		 1780 if (!checksum)
1781 XPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1782 break;
1783 }
49704364 1784
a6ec74c1 1785 if (checksum) {
1109a392 1786 if (strchr("fFdD", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype)) ||
92d41999 1787 (checksum > bits_in_uv &&
08ca2aa3
TH		 1788 strchr("cCsSiIlLnNUWvVqQjJ", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype))) ) {
1789 NV trouble, anv;
a6ec74c1 1790
08ca2aa3 1791 anv = (NV) (1 << (checksum & 15));
a6ec74c1
JH		 1792 while (checksum >= 16) {
1793 checksum -= 16;
08ca2aa3 1794 anv *= 65536.0;
a6ec74c1 1795 }
a6ec74c1 1796 while (cdouble < 0.0)
08ca2aa3
TH		 1797 cdouble += anv;
1798 cdouble = Perl_modf(cdouble / anv, &trouble) * anv;
c4c5f44a 1799 sv = newSVnv(cdouble);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1800 }
1801 else {
fa8ec7c1
NC		 1802 if (checksum < bits_in_uv) {
1803 UV mask = ((UV)1 << checksum) - 1;
92d41999 1804 cuv &= mask;
a6ec74c1 1805 }
c4c5f44a 1806 sv = newSVuv(cuv);
a6ec74c1 1807 }
6e449a3a 1808 mXPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1809 checksum = 0;
1810 }
fc241834 1811
49704364
WL		 1812 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_SLASH){
1813 if (SP - PL_stack_base - start_sp_offset <= 0)
21361d07 1814 break;
49704364
WL		 1815 if( next_symbol(symptr) ){
1816 if( symptr->howlen == e_number )
1817 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Count after length/code in unpack" );
1818 if( beyond ){
1819 /* ...end of char buffer then no decent length available */
1820 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "length/code after end of string in unpack" );
1821 } else {
1822 /* take top of stack (hope it's numeric) */
1823 len = POPi;
1824 if( len < 0 )
1825 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Negative '/' count in unpack" );
1826 }
1827 } else {
1828 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Code missing after '/' in unpack" );
1829 }
1830 datumtype = symptr->code;
21c16052 1831 explicit_length = FALSE;
49704364
WL		 1832 goto redo_switch;
1833 }
a6ec74c1 1834 }
49704364 1835
18529408
IZ		 1836 if (new_s)
1837 *new_s = s;
1838 PUTBACK;
1839 return SP - PL_stack_base - start_sp_offset;
1840}
1841
1842PP(pp_unpack)
1843{
1844 dSP;
bab9c0ac 1845 dPOPPOPssrl;
18529408
IZ		 1846 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
1847 STRLEN llen;
1848 STRLEN rlen;
5c144d81
NC		 1849 const char *pat = SvPV_const(left, llen);
1850 const char *s = SvPV_const(right, rlen);
f7fe979e
AL		 1851 const char *strend = s + rlen;
1852 const char *patend = pat + llen;
08ca2aa3 1853 I32 cnt;
18529408
IZ		 1854
1855 PUTBACK;
7accc089 1856 cnt = unpackstring(pat, patend, s, strend,
49704364 1857 ((gimme == G_SCALAR) ? FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE : 0)
f337b084 1858 | (DO_UTF8(right) ? FLAG_DO_UTF8 : 0));
49704364 1859
18529408
IZ		 1860 SPAGAIN;
1861 if ( !cnt && gimme == G_SCALAR )
1862 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1863 RETURN;
1864}
1865
f337b084 1866STATIC U8 *
f7fe979e 1867doencodes(U8 *h, const char *s, I32 len)
a6ec74c1 1868{
f337b084 1869 *h++ = PL_uuemap[len];
a6ec74c1 1870 while (len > 2) {
f337b084
TH		 1871 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[0] >> 2))];
1872 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[0] << 4) & 060) | ((s[1] >> 4) & 017)))];
1873 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[1] << 2) & 074) | ((s[2] >> 6) & 03)))];
1874 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[2] & 077))];
a6ec74c1
JH		 1875 s += 3;
1876 len -= 3;
1877 }
1878 if (len > 0) {
f7fe979e 1879 const char r = (len > 1 ? s[1] : '\0');
f337b084
TH		 1880 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[0] >> 2))];
1881 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[0] << 4) & 060) | ((r >> 4) & 017)))];
1882 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & ((r << 2) & 074))];
1883 *h++ = PL_uuemap[0];
a6ec74c1 1884 }
f337b084
TH		 1885 *h++ = '\n';
1886 return h;
a6ec74c1
JH		 1887}
1888
1889STATIC SV *
f7fe979e 1890S_is_an_int(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN l)
a6ec74c1 1891{
8b6e33c7
AL		 1892 SV *result = newSVpvn(s, l);
1893 char *const result_c = SvPV_nolen(result); /* convenience */
1894 char *out = result_c;
1895 bool skip = 1;
1896 bool ignore = 0;
a6ec74c1 1897
7918f24d
NC		 1898 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_AN_INT;
1899
a6ec74c1
JH		 1900 while (*s) {
1901 switch (*s) {
1902 case ' ':
1903 break;
1904 case '+':
1905 if (!skip) {
1906 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1907 return (NULL);
1908 }
1909 break;
1910 case '0':
1911 case '1':
1912 case '2':
1913 case '3':
1914 case '4':
1915 case '5':
1916 case '6':
1917 case '7':
1918 case '8':
1919 case '9':
1920 skip = 0;
1921 if (!ignore) {
1922 *(out++) = *s;
1923 }
1924 break;
1925 case '.':
1926 ignore = 1;
1927 break;
1928 default:
1929 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1930 return (NULL);
1931 }
1932 s++;
1933 }
1934 *(out++) = '\0';
1935 SvCUR_set(result, out - result_c);
1936 return (result);
1937}
1938
1939/* pnum must be '\0' terminated */
1940STATIC int
1941S_div128(pTHX_ SV *pnum, bool *done)
1942{
8b6e33c7
AL		 1943 STRLEN len;
1944 char * const s = SvPV(pnum, len);
1945 char *t = s;
1946 int m = 0;
1947
7918f24d
NC		 1948 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DIV128;
1949
8b6e33c7
AL		 1950 *done = 1;
1951 while (*t) {
1952 const int i = m * 10 + (*t - '0');
1953 const int r = (i >> 7); /* r < 10 */
1954 m = i & 0x7F;
1955 if (r) {
1956 *done = 0;
1957 }
1958 *(t++) = '0' + r;
a6ec74c1 1959 }
8b6e33c7
AL		 1960 *(t++) = '\0';
1961 SvCUR_set(pnum, (STRLEN) (t - s));
1962 return (m);
a6ec74c1
JH		 1963}
1964
18529408 1965/*
7accc089
JH		 1966=for apidoc packlist
1967
1968The engine implementing pack() Perl function.
1969
bfce84ec
AL		 1970=cut
1971*/
7accc089
JH		 1972
1973void
5aaab254 1974Perl_packlist(pTHX_ SV *cat, const char *pat, const char *patend, SV **beglist, SV **endlist )
7accc089 1975{
aadb217d
JH		 1976 tempsym_t sym;
1977
7918f24d
NC		 1978 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACKLIST;
1979
f7fe979e 1980 TEMPSYM_INIT(&sym, pat, patend, FLAG_PACK);
49704364 1981
f337b084
TH		 1982 /* We're going to do changes through SvPVX(cat). Make sure it's valid.
1983 Also make sure any UTF8 flag is loaded */
56eb0262 1984 SvPV_force_nolen(cat);
bfce84ec
AL		 1985 if (DO_UTF8(cat))
1986 sym.flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8 | FLAG_DO_UTF8;
f337b084 1987
49704364
WL		 1988 (void)pack_rec( cat, &sym, beglist, endlist );
1989}
1990
f337b084
TH		 1991/* like sv_utf8_upgrade, but also repoint the group start markers */
1992STATIC void
1993marked_upgrade(pTHX_ SV *sv, tempsym_t *sym_ptr) {
1994 STRLEN len;
1995 tempsym_t *group;
f7fe979e
AL		 1996 const char *from_ptr, *from_start, *from_end, **marks, **m;
1997 char *to_start, *to_ptr;
f337b084
TH		 1998
1999 if (SvUTF8(sv)) return;
2000
aa07b2f6 2001 from_start = SvPVX_const(sv);
f337b084
TH		 2002 from_end = from_start + SvCUR(sv);
2003 for (from_ptr = from_start; from_ptr < from_end; from_ptr++)
6f2d5cbc 2004 if (!NATIVE_BYTE_IS_INVARIANT(*from_ptr)) break;
f337b084
TH		 2005 if (from_ptr == from_end) {
2006 /* Simple case: no character needs to be changed */
2007 SvUTF8_on(sv);
2008 return;
2009 }
2010
3473cf63 2011 len = (from_end-from_ptr)*UTF8_EXPAND+(from_ptr-from_start)+1;
a02a5408 2012 Newx(to_start, len, char);
f337b084
TH		 2013 Copy(from_start, to_start, from_ptr-from_start, char);
2014 to_ptr = to_start + (from_ptr-from_start);
2015
a02a5408 2016 Newx(marks, sym_ptr->level+2, const char *);
f337b084
TH		 2017 for (group=sym_ptr; group; group = group->previous)
2018 marks[group->level] = from_start + group->strbeg;
2019 marks[sym_ptr->level+1] = from_end+1;
2020 for (m = marks; *m < from_ptr; m++)
2021 *m = to_start + (*m-from_start);
2022
2023 for (;from_ptr < from_end; from_ptr++) {
2024 while (*m == from_ptr) *m++ = to_ptr;
230e1fce 2025 to_ptr = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8((U8 *) to_ptr, *(U8 *) from_ptr);
f337b084
TH		 2026 }
2027 *to_ptr = 0;
2028
2029 while (*m == from_ptr) *m++ = to_ptr;
2030 if (m != marks + sym_ptr->level+1) {
2031 Safefree(marks);
2032 Safefree(to_start);
5637ef5b
NC		 2033 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: marks beyond string end, m=%p, marks=%p, "
2034 "level=%d", m, marks, sym_ptr->level);
f337b084
TH		 2035 }
2036 for (group=sym_ptr; group; group = group->previous)
2037 group->strbeg = marks[group->level] - to_start;
2038 Safefree(marks);
2039
2040 if (SvOOK(sv)) {
2041 if (SvIVX(sv)) {
b162af07 2042 SvLEN_set(sv, SvLEN(sv) + SvIVX(sv));
f337b084
TH		 2043 from_start -= SvIVX(sv);
2044 SvIV_set(sv, 0);
2045 }
2046 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;
2047 }
2048 if (SvLEN(sv) != 0)
2049 Safefree(from_start);
f880fe2f 2050 SvPV_set(sv, to_start);
b162af07
SP		 2051 SvCUR_set(sv, to_ptr - to_start);
2052 SvLEN_set(sv, len);
f337b084
TH		 2053 SvUTF8_on(sv);
2054}
2055
2056/* Exponential string grower. Makes string extension effectively O(n)
2057 needed says how many extra bytes we need (not counting the final '\0')
2058 Only grows the string if there is an actual lack of space
2059*/
2060STATIC char *
0bd48802 2061S_sv_exp_grow(pTHX_ SV *sv, STRLEN needed) {
f7fe979e
AL		 2062 const STRLEN cur = SvCUR(sv);
2063 const STRLEN len = SvLEN(sv);
f337b084 2064 STRLEN extend;
7918f24d
NC		 2065
2066 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SV_EXP_GROW;
2067
f337b084
TH		 2068 if (len - cur > needed) return SvPVX(sv);
2069 extend = needed > len ? needed : len;
2070 return SvGROW(sv, len+extend+1);
2071}
49704364
WL		 2072
2073STATIC
2074SV **
f337b084 2075S_pack_rec(pTHX_ SV *cat, tempsym_t* symptr, SV **beglist, SV **endlist )
49704364 2076{
49704364 2077 tempsym_t lookahead;
f337b084
TH		 2078 I32 items = endlist - beglist;
2079 bool found = next_symbol(symptr);
2080 bool utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_PARSE_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
041457d9 2081 bool warn_utf8 = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8);
81d52ecd 2082 char* from;
f337b084 2083
7918f24d
NC		 2084 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACK_REC;
2085
f337b084
TH		 2086 if (symptr->level == 0 && found && symptr->code == 'U') {
2087 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2088 symptr->flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2089 utf8 = 0;
49704364 2090 }
f337b084 2091 symptr->strbeg = SvCUR(cat);
49704364
WL		 2092
2093 while (found) {
f337b084
TH		 2094 SV *fromstr;
2095 STRLEN fromlen;
2096 I32 len;
a0714e2c 2097 SV *lengthcode = NULL;
49704364 2098 I32 datumtype = symptr->code;
f337b084
TH		 2099 howlen_t howlen = symptr->howlen;
2100 char *start = SvPVX(cat);
2101 char *cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
a1219b5e 2102 bool needs_swap;
49704364 2103
f337b084
TH		 2104#define NEXTFROM (lengthcode ? lengthcode : items-- > 0 ? *beglist++ : &PL_sv_no)
2105
2106 switch (howlen) {
fc241834 2107 case e_star:
f337b084
TH		 2108 len = strchr("@Xxu", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype)) ?
2109 0 : items;
2110 break;
2111 default:
2112 /* e_no_len and e_number */
2113 len = symptr->length;
49704364
WL		 2114 break;
2115 }
2116
f337b084 2117 if (len) {
a7a3cfaa 2118 packprops_t props = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)];
f337b084 2119
a7a3cfaa
TH		 2120 if (props && !(props & PACK_SIZE_UNPREDICTABLE)) {
2121 /* We can process this letter. */
2122 STRLEN size = props & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
2123 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, (STRLEN) len * size);
2124 }
f337b084
TH		 2125 }
2126
49704364
WL		 2127 /* Look ahead for next symbol. Do we have code/code? */
2128 lookahead = *symptr;
2129 found = next_symbol(&lookahead);
246f24af
TH		 2130 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_SLASH) {
2131 IV count;
f337b084 2132 if (!found) Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Code missing after '/' in pack");
246f24af
TH		 2133 if (strchr("aAZ", lookahead.code)) {
2134 if (lookahead.howlen == e_number) count = lookahead.length;
2135 else {
ce399ba6 2136 if (items > 0) {
48a5da33 2137 count = sv_len_utf8(*beglist);
ce399ba6 2138 }
246f24af
TH		 2139 else count = 0;
2140 if (lookahead.code == 'Z') count++;
2141 }
2142 } else {
2143 if (lookahead.howlen == e_number && lookahead.length < items)
2144 count = lookahead.length;
2145 else count = items;
2146 }
2147 lookahead.howlen = e_number;
2148 lookahead.length = count;
2149 lengthcode = sv_2mortal(newSViv(count));
a6ec74c1 2150 }
49704364 2151
a1219b5e
NC		 2152 needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
2153
fc241834
RGS		 2154 /* Code inside the switch must take care to properly update
2155 cat (CUR length and '\0' termination) if it updated *cur and
f337b084 2156 doesn't simply leave using break */
1109a392 2157 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)) {
a6ec74c1 2158 default:
f337b084
TH		 2159 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in pack",
2160 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
a6ec74c1 2161 case '%':
49704364 2162 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%%' may not be used in pack");
81d52ecd 2163
28be1210 2164 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
28be1210
TH		 2165 case '.':
2166 if (howlen == e_star) from = start;
2167 else if (len == 0) from = cur;
2168 else {
2169 tempsym_t *group = symptr;
2170
2171 while (--len && group) group = group->previous;
2172 from = group ? start + group->strbeg : start;
2173 }
2174 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2175 len = SvIV(fromstr);
2176 goto resize;
28be1210 2177 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2178 case '@':
28be1210
TH		 2179 from = start + symptr->strbeg;
2180 resize:
28be1210 2181 if (utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
28be1210
TH		 2182 if (len >= 0) {
2183 while (len && from < cur) {
2184 from += UTF8SKIP(from);
2185 len--;
2186 }
2187 if (from > cur)
2188 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2189 if (len) {
2190 /* Here we know from == cur */
2191 grow:
2192 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2193 Zero(cur, len, char);
2194 cur += len;
2195 } else if (from < cur) {
2196 len = cur - from;
2197 goto shrink;
2198 } else goto no_change;
2199 } else {
2200 cur = from;
2201 len = -len;
2202 goto utf8_shrink;
f337b084 2203 }
28be1210
TH		 2204 else {
2205 len -= cur - from;
f337b084 2206 if (len > 0) goto grow;
28be1210 2207 if (len == 0) goto no_change;
fc241834 2208 len = -len;
28be1210 2209 goto shrink;
f337b084 2210 }
a6ec74c1 2211 break;
81d52ecd 2212
fc241834 2213 case '(': {
49704364 2214 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
66c611c5
MHM		 2215 U32 group_modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIERS(datumtype & ~symptr->flags);
2216 symptr->flags |= group_modifiers;
49704364
WL		 2217 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
2218 symptr->level++;
f337b084 2219 symptr->previous = &lookahead;
18529408 2220 while (len--) {
f337b084
TH		 2221 U32 was_utf8;
2222 if (utf8) symptr->flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
2223 else symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
2224 was_utf8 = SvUTF8(cat);
49704364 2225 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
f337b084
TH		 2226 beglist = pack_rec(cat, symptr, beglist, endlist);
2227 if (SvUTF8(cat) != was_utf8)
2228 /* This had better be an upgrade while in utf8==0 mode */
2229 utf8 = 1;
2230
49704364 2231 if (savsym.howlen == e_star && beglist == endlist)
18529408
IZ		 2232 break; /* No way to continue */
2233 }
ee790063 2234 items = endlist - beglist;
f337b084
TH		 2235 lookahead.flags = symptr->flags & ~group_modifiers;
2236 goto no_change;
18529408 2237 }
62f95557
IZ		 2238 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2239 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
2240 len = 1;
f337b084
TH		 2241 if (utf8) {
2242 char *hop, *last;
2243 I32 l = len;
2244 hop = last = start;
2245 while (hop < cur) {
2246 hop += UTF8SKIP(hop);
2247 if (--l == 0) {
2248 last = hop;
2249 l = len;
2250 }
2251 }
2252 if (last > cur)
2253 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2254 cur = last;
2255 break;
2256 }
2257 len = (cur-start) % len;
924ba076 2258 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2259 case 'X':
f337b084
TH		 2260 if (utf8) {
2261 if (len < 1) goto no_change;
28be1210 2262 utf8_shrink:
f337b084
TH		 2263 while (len > 0) {
2264 if (cur <= start)
28be1210
TH		 2265 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2266 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
f337b084
TH		 2267 while (--cur, UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*cur)) {
2268 if (cur <= start)
28be1210
TH		 2269 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2270 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
f337b084
TH		 2271 }
2272 len--;
2273 }
2274 } else {
fc241834 2275 shrink:
f337b084 2276 if (cur - start < len)
28be1210
TH		 2277 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2278 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
f337b084
TH		 2279 cur -= len;
2280 }
2281 if (cur < start+symptr->strbeg) {
2282 /* Make sure group starts don't point into the void */
2283 tempsym_t *group;
9e27e96a 2284 const STRLEN length = cur-start;
f337b084
TH		 2285 for (group = symptr;
2286 group && length < group->strbeg;
2287 group = group->previous) group->strbeg = length;
2288 lookahead.strbeg = length;
2289 }
a6ec74c1 2290 break;
fc241834
RGS		 2291 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING: {
2292 I32 ai32;
62f95557
IZ		 2293 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
2294 len = 1;
230e1fce 2295 if (utf8) ai32 = utf8_length((U8 *) start, (U8 *) cur) % len;
fc241834
RGS		 2296 else ai32 = (cur - start) % len;
2297 if (ai32 == 0) goto no_change;
2298 len -= ai32;
2299 }
924ba076 2300 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2301 case 'x':
f337b084 2302 goto grow;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2303 case 'A':
2304 case 'Z':
f337b084 2305 case 'a': {
f7fe979e 2306 const char *aptr;
f337b084 2307
a6ec74c1 2308 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
e62f0680 2309 aptr = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
f337b084 2310 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
f7fe979e 2311 const char *end, *s;
f337b084
TH		 2312
2313 if (!utf8 && !SvUTF8(cat)) {
2314 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2315 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2316 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2317 utf8 = 1;
2318 start = SvPVX(cat);
2319 cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2320 }
fc241834 2321 if (howlen == e_star) {
f337b084
TH		 2322 if (utf8) goto string_copy;
2323 len = fromlen+1;
2324 }
2325 s = aptr;
2326 end = aptr + fromlen;
2327 fromlen = datumtype == 'Z' ? len-1 : len;
2328 while ((I32) fromlen > 0 && s < end) {
2329 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
2330 fromlen--;
2331 }
2332 if (s > end)
2333 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2334 if (utf8) {
fc241834 2335 len = fromlen;
f337b084
TH		 2336 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2337 fromlen = s-aptr;
2338 len += fromlen;
fc241834 2339
f337b084 2340 goto string_copy;
fc241834 2341 }
f337b084
TH		 2342 fromlen = len - fromlen;
2343 if (datumtype == 'Z') fromlen--;
2344 if (howlen == e_star) {
2345 len = fromlen;
2346 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
fc241834 2347 }
f337b084 2348 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
fc241834 2349 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &aptr, end, cur, fromlen,
f337b084 2350 datumtype | TYPE_IS_PACK))
5637ef5b
NC		 2351 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: predicted utf8 length not available, "
2352 "for '%c', aptr=%p end=%p cur=%p, fromlen=%"UVuf,
2353 (int)datumtype, aptr, end, cur, (UV)fromlen);
f337b084 2354 cur += fromlen;
a6ec74c1 2355 len -= fromlen;
f337b084
TH		 2356 } else if (utf8) {
2357 if (howlen == e_star) {
2358 len = fromlen;
2359 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
a6ec74c1 2360 }
f337b084
TH		 2361 if (len <= (I32) fromlen) {
2362 fromlen = len;
2363 if (datumtype == 'Z' && fromlen > 0) fromlen--;
2364 }
fc241834 2365 /* assumes a byte expands to at most UTF8_EXPAND bytes on
3473cf63
RGS		 2366 upgrade, so:
2367 expected_length <= from_len*UTF8_EXPAND + (len-from_len) */
2368 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, fromlen*(UTF8_EXPAND-1)+len);
f337b084
TH		 2369 len -= fromlen;
2370 while (fromlen > 0) {
230e1fce 2371 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8((U8 *) cur, * (U8 *) aptr);
f337b084
TH		 2372 aptr++;
2373 fromlen--;
fc241834 2374 }
f337b084
TH		 2375 } else {
2376 string_copy:
2377 if (howlen == e_star) {
2378 len = fromlen;
2379 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2380 }
2381 if (len <= (I32) fromlen) {
2382 fromlen = len;
2383 if (datumtype == 'Z' && fromlen > 0) fromlen--;
a6ec74c1 2384 }
f337b084
TH		 2385 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2386 Copy(aptr, cur, fromlen, char);
2387 cur += fromlen;
2388 len -= fromlen;
a6ec74c1 2389 }
f337b084
TH		 2390 memset(cur, datumtype == 'A' ? ' ' : '\0', len);
2391 cur += len;
3c4fb04a 2392 SvTAINT(cat);
a6ec74c1 2393 break;
f337b084 2394 }
a6ec74c1 2395 case 'B':
f337b084 2396 case 'b': {
b83604b4 2397 const char *str, *end;
f337b084
TH		 2398 I32 l, field_len;
2399 U8 bits;
2400 bool utf8_source;
2401 U32 utf8_flags;
a6ec74c1 2402
fc241834 2403 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
b83604b4 2404 str = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
f337b084
TH		 2405 end = str + fromlen;
2406 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2407 utf8_source = TRUE;
041457d9 2408 utf8_flags = warn_utf8 ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
f337b084
TH		 2409 } else {
2410 utf8_source = FALSE;
2411 utf8_flags = 0; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
2412 }
2413 if (howlen == e_star) len = fromlen;
2414 field_len = (len+7)/8;
2415 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, field_len);
2416 if (len > (I32)fromlen) len = fromlen;
2417 bits = 0;
2418 l = 0;
2419 if (datumtype == 'B')
2420 while (l++ < len) {
2421 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2422 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH		 2423 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2424 bits |= val & 1;
2425 } else bits |= *str++ & 1;
2426 if (l & 7) bits <<= 1;
fc241834 2427 else {
f337b084
TH		 2428 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2429 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2430 }
2431 }
f337b084
TH		 2432 else
2433 /* datumtype == 'b' */
2434 while (l++ < len) {
2435 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2436 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH		 2437 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2438 if (val & 1) bits |= 0x80;
2439 } else if (*str++ & 1)
2440 bits |= 0x80;
2441 if (l & 7) bits >>= 1;
fc241834 2442 else {
f337b084
TH		 2443 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2444 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2445 }
2446 }
f337b084
TH		 2447 l--;
2448 if (l & 7) {
fc241834 2449 if (datumtype == 'B')
f337b084 2450 bits <<= 7 - (l & 7);
fc241834 2451 else
f337b084
TH		 2452 bits >>= 7 - (l & 7);
2453 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2454 l += 7;
a6ec74c1 2455 }
f337b084
TH		 2456 /* Determine how many chars are left in the requested field */
2457 l /= 8;
2458 if (howlen == e_star) field_len = 0;
2459 else field_len -= l;
2460 Zero(cur, field_len, char);
2461 cur += field_len;
a6ec74c1 2462 break;
f337b084 2463 }
a6ec74c1 2464 case 'H':
f337b084 2465 case 'h': {
10516c54 2466 const char *str, *end;
f337b084
TH		 2467 I32 l, field_len;
2468 U8 bits;
2469 bool utf8_source;
2470 U32 utf8_flags;
a6ec74c1 2471
fc241834 2472 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
10516c54 2473 str = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
f337b084
TH		 2474 end = str + fromlen;
2475 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2476 utf8_source = TRUE;
041457d9 2477 utf8_flags = warn_utf8 ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
f337b084
TH		 2478 } else {
2479 utf8_source = FALSE;
2480 utf8_flags = 0; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
2481 }
2482 if (howlen == e_star) len = fromlen;
2483 field_len = (len+1)/2;
2484 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, field_len);
2485 if (!utf8 && len > (I32)fromlen) len = fromlen;
2486 bits = 0;
2487 l = 0;
2488 if (datumtype == 'H')
2489 while (l++ < len) {
2490 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2491 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH		 2492 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2493 if (val < 256 && isALPHA(val))
2494 bits |= (val + 9) & 0xf;
a6ec74c1 2495 else
f337b084
TH		 2496 bits |= val & 0xf;
2497 } else if (isALPHA(*str))
2498 bits |= (*str++ + 9) & 0xf;
2499 else
2500 bits |= *str++ & 0xf;
2501 if (l & 1) bits <<= 4;
fc241834 2502 else {
f337b084
TH		 2503 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2504 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2505 }
2506 }
f337b084
TH		 2507 else
2508 while (l++ < len) {
2509 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2510 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH		 2511 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2512 if (val < 256 && isALPHA(val))
2513 bits |= ((val + 9) & 0xf) << 4;
a6ec74c1 2514 else
f337b084
TH		 2515 bits |= (val & 0xf) << 4;
2516 } else if (isALPHA(*str))
2517 bits |= ((*str++ + 9) & 0xf) << 4;
2518 else
2519 bits |= (*str++ & 0xf) << 4;
2520 if (l & 1) bits >>= 4;
fc241834 2521 else {
f337b084
TH		 2522 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2523 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1 2524 }
fc241834 2525 }
f337b084
TH		 2526 l--;
2527 if (l & 1) {
2528 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2529 l++;
2530 }
2531 /* Determine how many chars are left in the requested field */
2532 l /= 2;
2533 if (howlen == e_star) field_len = 0;
2534 else field_len -= l;
2535 Zero(cur, field_len, char);
2536 cur += field_len;
2537 break;
fc241834
RGS		 2538 }
2539 case 'c':
f337b084
TH		 2540 while (len-- > 0) {
2541 IV aiv;
2542 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2543 aiv = SvIV(fromstr);
a2a5de95
NC		 2544 if ((-128 > aiv || aiv > 127))
2545 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2546 "Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack");
585ec06d 2547 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, (U8)(aiv & 0xff));
a6ec74c1
JH		 2548 }
2549 break;
2550 case 'C':
f337b084
TH		 2551 if (len == 0) {
2552 utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
2553 break;
2554 }
a6ec74c1 2555 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2556 IV aiv;
a6ec74c1 2557 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
f337b084 2558 aiv = SvIV(fromstr);
a2a5de95
NC		 2559 if ((0 > aiv || aiv > 0xff))
2560 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2561 "Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack");
1651fc44 2562 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, (U8)(aiv & 0xff));
f337b084 2563 }
fc241834
RGS		 2564 break;
2565 case 'W': {
2566 char *end;
670f1322 2567 U8 in_bytes = (U8)IN_BYTES;
fc241834
RGS		 2568
2569 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-1;
2570 if (utf8) end -= UTF8_MAXLEN-1;
2571 while (len-- > 0) {
2572 UV auv;
2573 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2574 auv = SvUV(fromstr);
2575 if (in_bytes) auv = auv % 0x100;
2576 if (utf8) {
2577 W_utf8:
2578 if (cur > end) {
2579 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2580 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS		 2581
2582 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+UTF8_MAXLEN);
2583 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2584 }
c80e42f3
KW		 2585 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) cur,
2586 auv,
041457d9 2587 warn_utf8 ?
230e1fce 2588 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
fc241834
RGS		 2589 } else {
2590 if (auv >= 0x100) {
2591 if (!SvUTF8(cat)) {
2592 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2593 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS		 2594 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2595 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2596 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2597 utf8 = 1;
2598 start = SvPVX(cat);
2599 cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2600 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2601 goto W_utf8;
2602 }
a2a5de95
NC		 2603 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2604 "Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack");
fc241834
RGS		 2605 auv &= 0xff;
2606 }
2607 if (cur >= end) {
2608 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2609 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS		 2610 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+1);
2611 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-1;
2612 }
fe2774ed 2613 *(U8 *) cur++ = (U8)auv;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2614 }
2615 }
2616 break;
fc241834
RGS		 2617 }
2618 case 'U': {
2619 char *end;
2620
2621 if (len == 0) {
2622 if (!(symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8)) {
2623 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2624 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2625 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2626 }
2627 utf8 = 0;
2628 goto no_change;
2629 }
2630
2631 end = start+SvLEN(cat);
2632 if (!utf8) end -= UTF8_MAXLEN;
a6ec74c1 2633 while (len-- > 0) {
fc241834 2634 UV auv;
a6ec74c1 2635 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
fc241834
RGS		 2636 auv = SvUV(fromstr);
2637 if (utf8) {
230e1fce 2638 U8 buffer[UTF8_MAXLEN], *endb;
c80e42f3 2639 endb = uvchr_to_utf8_flags(buffer, auv,
041457d9 2640 warn_utf8 ?
fc241834
RGS		 2641 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
2642 if (cur+(endb-buffer)*UTF8_EXPAND >= end) {
2643 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2644 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS		 2645 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur,
2646 len+(endb-buffer)*UTF8_EXPAND);
2647 end = start+SvLEN(cat);
2648 }
3a88beaa 2649 cur = S_bytes_to_uni(buffer, endb-buffer, cur, 0);
fc241834
RGS		 2650 } else {
2651 if (cur >= end) {
2652 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2653 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS		 2654 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+UTF8_MAXLEN);
2655 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2656 }
c80e42f3 2657 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) cur, auv,
041457d9 2658 warn_utf8 ?
230e1fce 2659 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
fc241834 2660 }
a6ec74c1 2661 }
a6ec74c1 2662 break;
fc241834 2663 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 2664 /* Float and double added by gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
2665 case 'f':
a6ec74c1 2666 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084
TH		 2667 float afloat;
2668 NV anv;
a6ec74c1 2669 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
f337b084 2670 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
85bba25f 2671# if defined(VMS) && !defined(_IEEE_FP)
f337b084 2672 /* IEEE fp overflow shenanigans are unavailable on VAX and optional
fc241834
RGS		 2673 * on Alpha; fake it if we don't have them.
2674 */
f337b084 2675 if (anv > FLT_MAX)
fc241834 2676 afloat = FLT_MAX;
f337b084 2677 else if (anv < -FLT_MAX)
fc241834 2678 afloat = -FLT_MAX;
f337b084 2679 else afloat = (float)anv;
baf3cf9c 2680# else
f337b084 2681 afloat = (float)anv;
baf3cf9c 2682# endif
3a88beaa 2683 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, afloat, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2684 }
2685 break;
2686 case 'd':
a6ec74c1 2687 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084
TH		 2688 double adouble;
2689 NV anv;
a6ec74c1 2690 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
f337b084 2691 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
85bba25f 2692# if defined(VMS) && !defined(_IEEE_FP)
f337b084 2693 /* IEEE fp overflow shenanigans are unavailable on VAX and optional
fc241834
RGS		 2694 * on Alpha; fake it if we don't have them.
2695 */
f337b084 2696 if (anv > DBL_MAX)
fc241834 2697 adouble = DBL_MAX;
f337b084 2698 else if (anv < -DBL_MAX)
fc241834 2699 adouble = -DBL_MAX;
f337b084 2700 else adouble = (double)anv;
baf3cf9c 2701# else
f337b084 2702 adouble = (double)anv;
baf3cf9c 2703# endif
3a88beaa 2704 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, adouble, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2705 }
2706 break;
fc241834 2707 case 'F': {
275663fa 2708 NV_bytes anv;
1109a392 2709 Zero(&anv, 1, NV); /* can be long double with unused bits */
92d41999
JH		 2710 while (len-- > 0) {
2711 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
cd07c537
DM		 2712#ifdef __GNUC__
2713 /* to work round a gcc/x86 bug; don't use SvNV */
2714 anv.nv = sv_2nv(fromstr);
2715#else
275663fa 2716 anv.nv = SvNV(fromstr);
cd07c537 2717#endif
3a88beaa 2718 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, anv.bytes, sizeof(anv.bytes), needs_swap);
92d41999
JH		 2719 }
2720 break;
fc241834 2721 }
92d41999 2722#if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
fc241834 2723 case 'D': {
275663fa 2724 ld_bytes aldouble;
1109a392
MHM		 2725 /* long doubles can have unused bits, which may be nonzero */
2726 Zero(&aldouble, 1, long double);
92d41999
JH		 2727 while (len-- > 0) {
2728 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
cd07c537
DM		 2729# ifdef __GNUC__
2730 /* to work round a gcc/x86 bug; don't use SvNV */
2731 aldouble.ld = (long double)sv_2nv(fromstr);
2732# else
275663fa 2733 aldouble.ld = (long double)SvNV(fromstr);
cd07c537 2734# endif
3a88beaa
NC		 2735 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, aldouble.bytes, sizeof(aldouble.bytes),
2736 needs_swap);
92d41999
JH		 2737 }
2738 break;
fc241834 2739 }
92d41999 2740#endif
068bd2e7 2741 case 'n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH		 2742 case 'n':
2743 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2744 I16 ai16;
a6ec74c1 2745 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
ef108786 2746 ai16 = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
ef108786 2747 ai16 = PerlSock_htons(ai16);
3a88beaa 2748 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2749 }
2750 break;
068bd2e7 2751 case 'v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH		 2752 case 'v':
2753 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2754 I16 ai16;
a6ec74c1 2755 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
ef108786 2756 ai16 = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
ef108786 2757 ai16 = htovs(ai16);
3a88beaa 2758 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2759 }
2760 break;
49704364 2761 case 'S' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2762#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
fc241834 2763 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2764 unsigned short aushort;
fc241834
RGS		 2765 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2766 aushort = SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2767 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aushort, needs_swap);
fc241834 2768 }
49704364
WL		 2769 break;
2770#else
924ba076 2771 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2772#endif
49704364 2773 case 'S':
fc241834 2774 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2775 U16 au16;
fc241834
RGS		 2776 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2777 au16 = (U16)SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2778 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &au16, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2779 }
2780 break;
49704364 2781 case 's' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2782#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
fc241834 2783 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2784 short ashort;
fc241834
RGS		 2785 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2786 ashort = SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2787 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, ashort, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1 2788 }
49704364
WL		 2789 break;
2790#else
924ba076 2791 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2792#endif
49704364
WL		 2793 case 's':
2794 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2795 I16 ai16;
49704364 2796 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
ef108786 2797 ai16 = (I16)SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2798 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2799 }
2800 break;
2801 case 'I':
49704364 2802 case 'I' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2803 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2804 unsigned int auint;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2805 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2806 auint = SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2807 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auint, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2808 }
2809 break;
92d41999
JH		 2810 case 'j':
2811 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2812 IV aiv;
92d41999
JH		 2813 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2814 aiv = SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2815 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aiv, needs_swap);
92d41999
JH		 2816 }
2817 break;
2818 case 'J':
2819 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2820 UV auv;
92d41999
JH		 2821 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2822 auv = SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2823 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auv, needs_swap);
92d41999
JH		 2824 }
2825 break;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2826 case 'w':
2827 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2828 NV anv;
a6ec74c1 2829 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
15e9f109 2830 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
a6ec74c1 2831
f337b084
TH		 2832 if (anv < 0) {
2833 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2834 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
49704364 2835 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress negative numbers in pack");
f337b084 2836 }
a6ec74c1 2837
196b62db
NC		 2838 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF may cast to 18446744073709551616.0,
2839 which is == UV_MAX_P1. IOK is fine (instead of UV_only), as
2840 any negative IVs will have already been got by the croak()
2841 above. IOK is untrue for fractions, so we test them
2842 against UV_MAX_P1. */
f337b084
TH		 2843 if (SvIOK(fromstr) || anv < UV_MAX_P1) {
2844 char buf[(sizeof(UV)*CHAR_BIT)/7+1];
a6ec74c1 2845 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
196b62db 2846 UV auv = SvUV(fromstr);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2847
2848 do {
eb160463 2849 *--in = (char)((auv & 0x7f) | 0x80);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2850 auv >>= 7;
2851 } while (auv);
2852 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
f337b084
TH		 2853 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2854 in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
2855 } else if (SvPOKp(fromstr))
2856 goto w_string;
a6ec74c1 2857 else if (SvNOKp(fromstr)) {
0258719b 2858 /* 10**NV_MAX_10_EXP is the largest power of 10
486ec47a 2859 so 10**(NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) is definitely unrepresentable
0258719b
NC		 2860 given 10**(NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) == 128 ** x solve for x:
2861 x = (NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) * log (10) / log (128)
2862 And with that many bytes only Inf can overflow.
8f8d40ab
PG		 2863 Some C compilers are strict about integral constant
2864 expressions so we conservatively divide by a slightly
2865 smaller integer instead of multiplying by the exact
2866 floating-point value.
0258719b
NC		 2867 */
2868#ifdef NV_MAX_10_EXP
f337b084 2869 /* char buf[1 + (int)((NV_MAX_10_EXP + 1) * 0.47456)]; -- invalid C */
8f8d40ab 2870 char buf[1 + (int)((NV_MAX_10_EXP + 1) / 2)]; /* valid C */
0258719b 2871#else
f337b084 2872 /* char buf[1 + (int)((308 + 1) * 0.47456)]; -- invalid C */
8f8d40ab 2873 char buf[1 + (int)((308 + 1) / 2)]; /* valid C */
0258719b 2874#endif
a6ec74c1
JH		 2875 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
2876
8b6e33c7 2877 anv = Perl_floor(anv);
a6ec74c1 2878 do {
8b6e33c7 2879 const NV next = Perl_floor(anv / 128);
a6ec74c1 2880 if (in <= buf) /* this cannot happen ;-) */
49704364 2881 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress integer in pack");
0258719b 2882 *--in = (unsigned char)(anv - (next * 128)) | 0x80;
15e9f109
NC		 2883 anv = next;
2884 } while (anv > 0);
a6ec74c1 2885 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
f337b084
TH		 2886 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2887 in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
2888 } else {
8b6e33c7
AL		 2889 const char *from;
2890 char *result, *in;
735b914b
JH		 2891 SV *norm;
2892 STRLEN len;
2893 bool done;
2894
f337b084 2895 w_string:
735b914b 2896 /* Copy string and check for compliance */
349d4f2f 2897 from = SvPV_const(fromstr, len);
735b914b 2898 if ((norm = is_an_int(from, len)) == NULL)
49704364 2899 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can only compress unsigned integers in pack");
735b914b 2900
a02a5408 2901 Newx(result, len, char);
735b914b
JH		 2902 in = result + len;
2903 done = FALSE;
f337b084 2904 while (!done) *--in = div128(norm, &done) | 0x80;
735b914b 2905 result[len - 1] &= 0x7F; /* clear continue bit */
f337b084
TH		 2906 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2907 in, (result + len) - in);
735b914b
JH		 2908 Safefree(result);
2909 SvREFCNT_dec(norm); /* free norm */
fc241834 2910 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 2911 }
2912 break;
2913 case 'i':
49704364 2914 case 'i' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2915 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2916 int aint;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2917 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2918 aint = SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2919 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aint, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2920 }
2921 break;
068bd2e7 2922 case 'N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH		 2923 case 'N':
2924 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2925 U32 au32;
a6ec74c1 2926 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
ef108786 2927 au32 = SvUV(fromstr);
ef108786 2928 au32 = PerlSock_htonl(au32);
3a88beaa 2929 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2930 }
2931 break;
068bd2e7 2932 case 'V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH		 2933 case 'V':
2934 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2935 U32 au32;
a6ec74c1 2936 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
ef108786 2937 au32 = SvUV(fromstr);
ef108786 2938 au32 = htovl(au32);
3a88beaa 2939 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2940 }
2941 break;
49704364 2942 case 'L' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2943#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
fc241834 2944 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2945 unsigned long aulong;
fc241834
RGS		 2946 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2947 aulong = SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2948 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aulong, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1 2949 }
49704364
WL		 2950 break;
2951#else
2952 /* Fall though! */
a6ec74c1 2953#endif
49704364 2954 case 'L':
fc241834 2955 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2956 U32 au32;
fc241834
RGS		 2957 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2958 au32 = SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2959 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2960 }
2961 break;
49704364 2962 case 'l' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2963#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
fc241834 2964 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2965 long along;
fc241834
RGS		 2966 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2967 along = SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2968 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, along, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1 2969 }
49704364
WL		 2970 break;
2971#else
2972 /* Fall though! */
a6ec74c1 2973#endif
49704364
WL		 2974 case 'l':
2975 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2976 I32 ai32;
49704364 2977 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
ef108786 2978 ai32 = SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2979 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &ai32, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2980 }
2981 break;
c174bf3b 2982#if defined(HAS_QUAD) && IVSIZE >= 8
a6ec74c1
JH		 2983 case 'Q':
2984 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2985 Uquad_t auquad;
a6ec74c1 2986 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
f337b084 2987 auquad = (Uquad_t) SvUV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2988 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auquad, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2989 }
2990 break;
2991 case 'q':
2992 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2993 Quad_t aquad;
a6ec74c1
JH		 2994 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
2995 aquad = (Quad_t)SvIV(fromstr);
3a88beaa 2996 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aquad, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 2997 }
2998 break;
1640b983 2999#endif
a6ec74c1
JH		 3000 case 'P':
3001 len = 1; /* assume SV is correct length */
f337b084 3002 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, sizeof(char *));
924ba076 3003 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1
JH		 3004 case 'p':
3005 while (len-- > 0) {
83003860 3006 const char *aptr;
f337b084 3007
a6ec74c1 3008 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
28a4f200
TH		 3009 SvGETMAGIC(fromstr);
3010 if (!SvOK(fromstr)) aptr = NULL;
a6ec74c1 3011 else {
a6ec74c1
JH		 3012 /* XXX better yet, could spirit away the string to
3013 * a safe spot and hang on to it until the result
3014 * of pack() (and all copies of the result) are
3015 * gone.
3016 */
041457d9 3017 if ((SvTEMP(fromstr) || (SvPADTMP(fromstr) &&
a2a5de95
NC		 3018 !SvREADONLY(fromstr)))) {
3019 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
3020 "Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value");
a6ec74c1
JH		 3021 }
3022 if (SvPOK(fromstr) || SvNIOK(fromstr))
2596d9fe 3023 aptr = SvPV_nomg_const_nolen(fromstr);
a6ec74c1 3024 else
2596d9fe 3025 aptr = SvPV_force_flags_nolen(fromstr, 0);
a6ec74c1 3026 }
3a88beaa 3027 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aptr, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH		 3028 }
3029 break;
fc241834 3030 case 'u': {
f7fe979e 3031 const char *aptr, *aend;
fc241834 3032 bool from_utf8;
f337b084 3033
a6ec74c1 3034 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
fc241834
RGS		 3035 if (len <= 2) len = 45;
3036 else len = len / 3 * 3;
3037 if (len >= 64) {
a2a5de95
NC		 3038 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
3039 "Field too wide in 'u' format in pack");
fc241834
RGS		 3040 len = 63;
3041 }
83003860 3042 aptr = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
fc241834
RGS		 3043 from_utf8 = DO_UTF8(fromstr);
3044 if (from_utf8) {
3045 aend = aptr + fromlen;
3f63b0e5 3046 fromlen = sv_len_utf8_nomg(fromstr);
fc241834
RGS		 3047 } else aend = NULL; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
3048 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, (fromlen+2) / 3 * 4 + (fromlen+len-1)/len * 2);
a6ec74c1 3049 while (fromlen > 0) {
fc241834 3050 U8 *end;
a6ec74c1 3051 I32 todo;
fc241834 3052 U8 hunk[1+63/3*4+1];
a6ec74c1 3053
eb160463 3054 if ((I32)fromlen > len)
a6ec74c1
JH		 3055 todo = len;
3056 else
3057 todo = fromlen;
fc241834
RGS		 3058 if (from_utf8) {
3059 char buffer[64];
3060 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &aptr, aend, buffer, todo,
3061 'u' | TYPE_IS_PACK)) {
3062 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 3063 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
5637ef5b
NC		 3064 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: string is shorter than advertised, "
3065 "aptr=%p, aend=%p, buffer=%p, todo=%ld",
3066 aptr, aend, buffer, (long) todo);
fc241834
RGS		 3067 }
3068 end = doencodes(hunk, buffer, todo);
3069 } else {
3070 end = doencodes(hunk, aptr, todo);
3071 aptr += todo;
3072 }
3a88beaa 3073 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, hunk, end-hunk, 0);
fc241834
RGS		 3074 fromlen -= todo;
3075 }
a6ec74c1
JH		 3076 break;
3077 }
f337b084
TH		 3078 }
3079 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 3080 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
f337b084 3081 no_change:
49704364 3082 *symptr = lookahead;
a6ec74c1 3083 }
49704364 3084 return beglist;
18529408
IZ		 3085}
3086#undef NEXTFROM
3087
3088
3089PP(pp_pack)
3090{
20b7effb 3091 dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
eb578fdb 3092 SV *cat = TARG;
18529408 3093 STRLEN fromlen;
349d4f2f 3094 SV *pat_sv = *++MARK;
eb578fdb
KW		 3095 const char *pat = SvPV_const(pat_sv, fromlen);
3096 const char *patend = pat + fromlen;
18529408
IZ		 3097
3098 MARK++;
76f68e9b 3099 sv_setpvs(cat, "");
f337b084 3100 SvUTF8_off(cat);
18529408 3101
7accc089 3102 packlist(cat, pat, patend, MARK, SP + 1);
18529408 3103
a6ec74c1
JH		 3104 SvSETMAGIC(cat);
3105 SP = ORIGMARK;
3106 PUSHs(cat);
3107 RETURN;
3108}
a6ec74c1 3109
73cb7263
NC		 3110/*
3111 * Local variables:
3112 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3113 * c-basic-offset: 4
14d04a33 3114 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
73cb7263
NC		 3115 * End:
3116 *
14d04a33 3117 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
37442d52 3118 */
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