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1/* pp_pack.c
2 *
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3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
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5 *
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
8 *
9 */
10
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11/*
12 * He still hopefully carried some of his gear in his pack: a small tinder-box,
13 * two small shallow pans, the smaller fitting into the larger; inside them a
14 * wooden spoon, a short two-pronged fork and some skewers were stowed; and
15 * hidden at the bottom of the pack in a flat wooden box a dwindling treasure,
16 * some salt.
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TC
17 *
18 * [p.653 of _The Lord of the Rings_, IV/iv: "Of Herbs and Stewed Rabbit"]
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19 */
20
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21/* This file contains pp ("push/pop") functions that
22 * execute the opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function
23 * expects to find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its
24 * results onto the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure
25 * contains a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
26 *
27 * This particular file just contains pp_pack() and pp_unpack(). See the
28 * other pp*.c files for the rest of the pp_ functions.
29 */
30
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31#include "EXTERN.h"
32#define PERL_IN_PP_PACK_C
33#include "perl.h"
34
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AL
35/* Types used by pack/unpack */
36typedef enum {
37 e_no_len, /* no length */
38 e_number, /* number, [] */
39 e_star /* asterisk */
40} howlen_t;
41
42typedef struct tempsym {
43 const char* patptr; /* current template char */
44 const char* patend; /* one after last char */
45 const char* grpbeg; /* 1st char of ()-group */
46 const char* grpend; /* end of ()-group */
47 I32 code; /* template code (!<>) */
48 I32 length; /* length/repeat count */
49 howlen_t howlen; /* how length is given */
50 int level; /* () nesting level */
51 U32 flags; /* /=4, comma=2, pack=1 */
52 /* and group modifiers */
53 STRLEN strbeg; /* offset of group start */
54 struct tempsym *previous; /* previous group */
55} tempsym_t;
56
57#define TEMPSYM_INIT(symptr, p, e, f) \
58 STMT_START { \
59 (symptr)->patptr = (p); \
60 (symptr)->patend = (e); \
61 (symptr)->grpbeg = NULL; \
62 (symptr)->grpend = NULL; \
63 (symptr)->grpend = NULL; \
64 (symptr)->code = 0; \
65 (symptr)->length = 0; \
10edeb5d 66 (symptr)->howlen = e_no_len; \
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67 (symptr)->level = 0; \
68 (symptr)->flags = (f); \
69 (symptr)->strbeg = 0; \
70 (symptr)->previous = NULL; \
71 } STMT_END
72
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TC
73typedef union {
74 NV nv;
75 U8 bytes[sizeof(NV)];
76} NV_bytes;
77
78#if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
79typedef union {
80 long double ld;
81 U8 bytes[sizeof(long double)];
82} ld_bytes;
83#endif
84
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85#ifndef CHAR_BIT
86# define CHAR_BIT 8
7212898e 87#endif
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88/* Maximum number of bytes to which a byte can grow due to upgrade */
89#define UTF8_EXPAND 2
7212898e 90
a6ec74c1 91/*
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92 * Offset for integer pack/unpack.
93 *
94 * On architectures where I16 and I32 aren't really 16 and 32 bits,
95 * which for now are all Crays, pack and unpack have to play games.
96 */
97
98/*
99 * These values are required for portability of pack() output.
100 * If they're not right on your machine, then pack() and unpack()
101 * wouldn't work right anyway; you'll need to apply the Cray hack.
102 * (I'd like to check them with #if, but you can't use sizeof() in
103 * the preprocessor.) --???
104 */
105/*
106 The appropriate SHORTSIZE, INTSIZE, LONGSIZE, and LONGLONGSIZE
107 defines are now in config.h. --Andy Dougherty April 1998
108 */
109#define SIZE16 2
110#define SIZE32 4
111
112/* CROSSCOMPILE and MULTIARCH are going to affect pp_pack() and pp_unpack().
113 --jhi Feb 1999 */
114
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115#if U16SIZE > SIZE16 || U32SIZE > SIZE32
116# if BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678 /* little-endian */
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117# define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p))
118# define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p))
a6ec74c1 119# else
1109a392 120# if BYTEORDER == 0x4321 || BYTEORDER == 0x87654321 /* big-endian */
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121# define OFF16(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U16) - SIZE16))
122# define OFF32(p) ((char*)(p) + (sizeof(U32) - SIZE32))
123# else
08ca2aa3 124 ++++ bad cray byte order
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125# endif
126# endif
a6ec74c1 127#else
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128# define OFF16(p) ((char *) (p))
129# define OFF32(p) ((char *) (p))
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130#endif
131
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132#define PUSH16(utf8, cur, p, needs_swap) \
133 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, OFF16(p), SIZE16, needs_swap)
134#define PUSH32(utf8, cur, p, needs_swap) \
135 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, OFF32(p), SIZE32, needs_swap)
08ca2aa3 136
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137#if BYTEORDER == 0x4321 || BYTEORDER == 0x87654321 /* big-endian */
138# define NEEDS_SWAP(d) (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(d) == TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
139#elif BYTEORDER == 0x1234 || BYTEORDER == 0x12345678 /* little-endian */
140# define NEEDS_SWAP(d) (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(d) == TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN)
141#else
142# error "Unsupported byteorder"
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143 /* Need to add code here to re-instate mixed endian support.
144 NEEDS_SWAP would need to hold a flag indicating which action to
145 take, and S_reverse_copy and the code in uni_to_bytes would need
146 logic adding to deal with any mixed-endian transformations needed.
147 */
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148#endif
149
08ca2aa3 150/* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
aaec8192 151#define SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, buf, len, datumtype, needs_swap) \
08ca2aa3 152STMT_START { \
228e69a7 153 if (UNLIKELY(utf8)) { \
f337b084 154 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &s, strend, \
275663fa 155 (char *) (buf), len, datumtype)) break; \
08ca2aa3 156 } else { \
228e69a7 157 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap)) \
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158 S_reverse_copy(s, (char *) (buf), len); \
159 else \
160 Copy(s, (char *) (buf), len, char); \
275663fa 161 s += len; \
08ca2aa3 162 } \
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163} STMT_END
164
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165#define SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, p, datumtype, needs_swap) \
166 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, OFF16(p), SIZE16, datumtype, needs_swap)
7285e3f4 167
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168#define SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, p, datumtype, needs_swap) \
169 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, OFF32(p), SIZE32, datumtype, needs_swap)
7285e3f4 170
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171#define SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, var, datumtype, needs_swap) \
172 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, &(var), sizeof(var), datumtype, needs_swap)
275663fa 173
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174#define PUSH_VAR(utf8, aptr, var, needs_swap) \
175 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, aptr, &(var), sizeof(var), needs_swap)
f337b084 176
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177/* Avoid stack overflow due to pathological templates. 100 should be plenty. */
178#define MAX_SUB_TEMPLATE_LEVEL 100
179
66c611c5 180/* flags (note that type modifiers can also be used as flags!) */
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181#define FLAG_WAS_UTF8 0x40
182#define FLAG_PARSE_UTF8 0x20 /* Parse as utf8 */
49704364 183#define FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE 0x10
f337b084 184#define FLAG_DO_UTF8 0x08 /* The underlying string is utf8 */
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185#define FLAG_SLASH 0x04
186#define FLAG_COMMA 0x02
187#define FLAG_PACK 0x01
188
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189STATIC SV *
190S_mul128(pTHX_ SV *sv, U8 m)
191{
192 STRLEN len;
193 char *s = SvPV(sv, len);
194 char *t;
a6ec74c1 195
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196 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MUL128;
197
a6ec74c1 198 if (!strnEQ(s, "0000", 4)) { /* need to grow sv */
396482e1 199 SV * const tmpNew = newSVpvs("0000000000");
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200
201 sv_catsv(tmpNew, sv);
202 SvREFCNT_dec(sv); /* free old sv */
203 sv = tmpNew;
204 s = SvPV(sv, len);
205 }
206 t = s + len - 1;
207 while (!*t) /* trailing '\0'? */
208 t--;
209 while (t > s) {
f7fe979e 210 const U32 i = ((*t - '0') << 7) + m;
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211 *(t--) = '0' + (char)(i % 10);
212 m = (char)(i / 10);
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213 }
214 return (sv);
215}
216
217/* Explosives and implosives. */
218
219#if 'I' == 73 && 'J' == 74
220/* On an ASCII/ISO kind of system */
221#define ISUUCHAR(ch) ((ch) >= ' ' && (ch) < 'a')
222#else
223/*
224 Some other sort of character set - use memchr() so we don't match
225 the null byte.
226 */
227#define ISUUCHAR(ch) (memchr(PL_uuemap, (ch), sizeof(PL_uuemap)-1) || (ch) == ' ')
228#endif
229
66c611c5 230/* type modifiers */
62f95557 231#define TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING 0x100
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232#define TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN 0x200
233#define TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN 0x400
f337b084 234#define TYPE_IS_PACK 0x800
1109a392 235#define TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK (TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN|TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN)
66c611c5 236#define TYPE_MODIFIERS(t) ((t) & ~0xFF)
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237#define TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(t) ((t) & 0xFF)
238
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239# define TYPE_ENDIANNESS(t) ((t) & TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
240# define TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(t) ((t) & ~TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
241
242# define ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES "sSiIlLqQjJfFdDpP("
243
78d46eaa 244#define PACK_SIZE_CANNOT_CSUM 0x80
f337b084 245#define PACK_SIZE_UNPREDICTABLE 0x40 /* Not a fixed size element */
78d46eaa
NC
246#define PACK_SIZE_MASK 0x3F
247
298bc19c 248#include "packsizetables.c"
78d46eaa 249
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NC
250static void
251S_reverse_copy(const char *src, char *dest, STRLEN len)
252{
253 dest += len;
254 while (len--)
255 *--dest = *src++;
256}
257
08ca2aa3 258STATIC U8
f7fe979e 259uni_to_byte(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, I32 datumtype)
08ca2aa3 260{
08ca2aa3 261 STRLEN retlen;
0bcc34c2 262 UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) *s, end-*s, &retlen,
f337b084 263 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
486ec47a 264 /* We try to process malformed UTF-8 as much as possible (preferably with
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265 warnings), but these two mean we make no progress in the string and
266 might enter an infinite loop */
267 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
f337b084
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268 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in '%c' format in unpack",
269 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
08ca2aa3 270 if (val >= 0x100) {
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NC
271 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
272 "Character in '%c' format wrapped in unpack",
273 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
08ca2aa3
TH
274 val &= 0xff;
275 }
276 *s += retlen;
fe2774ed 277 return (U8)val;
08ca2aa3
TH
278}
279
f337b084
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280#define SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype) ((utf8) ? \
281 uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &(s), (strend), (datumtype)) : \
08ca2aa3
TH
282 *(U8 *)(s)++)
283
284STATIC bool
f7fe979e 285uni_to_bytes(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, const char *buf, int buf_len, I32 datumtype)
08ca2aa3
TH
286{
287 UV val;
288 STRLEN retlen;
f7fe979e 289 const char *from = *s;
08ca2aa3 290 int bad = 0;
f7fe979e 291 const U32 flags = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ?
08ca2aa3 292 UTF8_CHECK_ONLY : (UTF8_CHECK_ONLY | UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
20aa3a38
NC
293 const bool needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
294
228e69a7 295 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap))
20aa3a38
NC
296 buf += buf_len;
297
08ca2aa3
TH
298 for (;buf_len > 0; buf_len--) {
299 if (from >= end) return FALSE;
f337b084 300 val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) from, end-from, &retlen, flags);
08ca2aa3
TH
301 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) {
302 from += UTF8SKIP(from);
303 bad |= 1;
304 } else from += retlen;
305 if (val >= 0x100) {
306 bad |= 2;
307 val &= 0xff;
308 }
228e69a7 309 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap))
20aa3a38
NC
310 *(U8 *)--buf = (U8)val;
311 else
312 *(U8 *)buf++ = (U8)val;
08ca2aa3
TH
313 }
314 /* We have enough characters for the buffer. Did we have problems ? */
315 if (bad) {
316 if (bad & 1) {
317 /* Rewalk the string fragment while warning */
f7fe979e 318 const char *ptr;
9e27e96a 319 const int flags = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
08ca2aa3
TH
320 for (ptr = *s; ptr < from; ptr += UTF8SKIP(ptr)) {
321 if (ptr >= end) break;
c80e42f3 322 utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) ptr, end-ptr, &retlen, flags);
08ca2aa3
TH
323 }
324 if (from > end) from = end;
325 }
a2a5de95
NC
326 if ((bad & 2))
327 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(datumtype & TYPE_IS_PACK ?
f337b084 328 WARN_PACK : WARN_UNPACK),
a2a5de95
NC
329 "Character(s) in '%c' format wrapped in %s",
330 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype),
331 datumtype & TYPE_IS_PACK ? "pack" : "unpack");
08ca2aa3
TH
332 }
333 *s = from;
334 return TRUE;
335}
336
337STATIC bool
f7fe979e 338next_uni_uu(pTHX_ const char **s, const char *end, I32 *out)
08ca2aa3 339{
08ca2aa3 340 STRLEN retlen;
0bcc34c2 341 const UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) *s, end-*s, &retlen, UTF8_CHECK_ONLY);
08ca2aa3
TH
342 if (val >= 0x100 || !ISUUCHAR(val) ||
343 retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) {
344 *out = 0;
345 return FALSE;
346 }
347 *out = PL_uudmap[val] & 077;
f337b084 348 *s += retlen;
08ca2aa3
TH
349 return TRUE;
350}
78d46eaa 351
64844641 352STATIC char *
3a88beaa 353S_bytes_to_uni(const U8 *start, STRLEN len, char *dest, const bool needs_swap) {
7918f24d
NC
354 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BYTES_TO_UNI;
355
228e69a7 356 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap)) {
3a88beaa
NC
357 const U8 *p = start + len;
358 while (p-- > start) {
55d09dc8 359 append_utf8_from_native_byte(*p, (U8 **) & dest);
3a88beaa
NC
360 }
361 } else {
362 const U8 * const end = start + len;
363 while (start < end) {
55d09dc8 364 append_utf8_from_native_byte(*start, (U8 **) & dest);
3a88beaa
NC
365 start++;
366 }
f337b084 367 }
64844641 368 return dest;
f337b084
TH
369}
370
3a88beaa 371#define PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, buf, len, needs_swap) \
230e1fce 372STMT_START { \
228e69a7 373 if (UNLIKELY(utf8)) \
3a88beaa 374 (cur) = S_bytes_to_uni((U8 *) buf, len, (cur), needs_swap); \
230e1fce 375 else { \
228e69a7 376 if (UNLIKELY(needs_swap)) \
3a88beaa
NC
377 S_reverse_copy((char *)(buf), cur, len); \
378 else \
379 Copy(buf, cur, len, char); \
230e1fce
NC
380 (cur) += (len); \
381 } \
f337b084
TH
382} STMT_END
383
384#define GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, in_len) \
385STMT_START { \
386 STRLEN glen = (in_len); \
3473cf63 387 if (utf8) glen *= UTF8_EXPAND; \
f337b084 388 if ((cur) + glen >= (start) + SvLEN(cat)) { \
0bd48802 389 (start) = sv_exp_grow(cat, glen); \
f337b084
TH
390 (cur) = (start) + SvCUR(cat); \
391 } \
392} STMT_END
393
394#define PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur, buf, in_len) \
395STMT_START { \
f7fe979e 396 const STRLEN glen = (in_len); \
f337b084 397 STRLEN gl = glen; \
3473cf63 398 if (utf8) gl *= UTF8_EXPAND; \
f337b084
TH
399 if ((cur) + gl >= (start) + SvLEN(cat)) { \
400 *cur = '\0'; \
b162af07 401 SvCUR_set((cat), (cur) - (start)); \
0bd48802 402 (start) = sv_exp_grow(cat, gl); \
f337b084
TH
403 (cur) = (start) + SvCUR(cat); \
404 } \
3a88beaa 405 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, buf, glen, 0); \
f337b084
TH
406} STMT_END
407
408#define PUSH_BYTE(utf8, s, byte) \
409STMT_START { \
410 if (utf8) { \
f7fe979e 411 const U8 au8 = (byte); \
3a88beaa 412 (s) = S_bytes_to_uni(&au8, 1, (s), 0); \
f337b084
TH
413 } else *(U8 *)(s)++ = (byte); \
414} STMT_END
415
416/* Only to be used inside a loop (see the break) */
417#define NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags) \
418STMT_START { \
419 STRLEN retlen; \
420 if (str >= end) break; \
421 val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) str, end-str, &retlen, utf8_flags); \
422 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0) { \
423 *cur = '\0'; \
424 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack"); \
425 } \
426 str += retlen; \
427} STMT_END
428
f7fe979e
AL
429static const char *_action( const tempsym_t* symptr )
430{
10edeb5d 431 return (const char *)(( symptr->flags & FLAG_PACK ) ? "pack" : "unpack");
f7fe979e
AL
432}
433
206947d2 434/* Returns the sizeof() struct described by pat */
028d1f6d 435STATIC I32
f337b084 436S_measure_struct(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr)
206947d2 437{
f337b084 438 I32 total = 0;
206947d2 439
7918f24d
NC
440 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MEASURE_STRUCT;
441
49704364 442 while (next_symbol(symptr)) {
f337b084 443 I32 len;
f7fe979e 444 int size;
f337b084
TH
445
446 switch (symptr->howlen) {
fc241834 447 case e_star:
49704364 448 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Within []-length '*' not allowed in %s",
f7fe979e 449 _action( symptr ) );
81d52ecd 450
f337b084
TH
451 default:
452 /* e_no_len and e_number */
453 len = symptr->length;
454 break;
49704364
WL
455 }
456
a7a3cfaa 457 size = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(symptr->code)] & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
80a13697 458 if (!size) {
f7fe979e 459 int star;
80a13697
NC
460 /* endianness doesn't influence the size of a type */
461 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(symptr->code)) {
462 default:
463 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in %s",
464 (int)TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(symptr->code),
f7fe979e 465 _action( symptr ) );
28be1210
TH
466 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
467 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
80a13697 468 case '@':
28be1210 469 case '.':
80a13697
NC
470 case '/':
471 case 'U': /* XXXX Is it correct? */
472 case 'w':
473 case 'u':
474 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Within []-length '%c' not allowed in %s",
28be1210 475 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(symptr->code),
f7fe979e 476 _action( symptr ) );
80a13697
NC
477 case '%':
478 size = 0;
479 break;
480 case '(':
fc241834
RGS
481 {
482 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
483 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
484 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
485 /* XXXX Theoretically, we need to measure many times at
486 different positions, since the subexpression may contain
487 alignment commands, but be not of aligned length.
488 Need to detect this and croak(). */
489 size = measure_struct(symptr);
490 *symptr = savsym;
491 break;
492 }
80a13697
NC
493 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
494 /* XXXX Is this useful? Then need to treat MEASURE_BACKWARDS.
495 */
496 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
497 len = 1;
498 len = total % len; /* Assumed: the start is aligned. */
924ba076 499 /* FALLTHROUGH */
80a13697
NC
500 case 'X':
501 size = -1;
502 if (total < len)
f7fe979e 503 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in %s", _action( symptr ) );
80a13697
NC
504 break;
505 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
506 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
507 len = 1;
508 star = total % len; /* Assumed: the start is aligned. */
509 if (star) /* Other portable ways? */
510 len = len - star;
511 else
512 len = 0;
924ba076 513 /* FALLTHROUGH */
80a13697
NC
514 case 'x':
515 case 'A':
516 case 'Z':
517 case 'a':
80a13697
NC
518 size = 1;
519 break;
520 case 'B':
521 case 'b':
522 len = (len + 7)/8;
523 size = 1;
524 break;
525 case 'H':
526 case 'h':
527 len = (len + 1)/2;
528 size = 1;
529 break;
78d46eaa 530
80a13697
NC
531 case 'P':
532 len = 1;
533 size = sizeof(char*);
78d46eaa
NC
534 break;
535 }
206947d2
IZ
536 }
537 total += len * size;
538 }
539 return total;
540}
541
49704364
WL
542
543/* locate matching closing parenthesis or bracket
544 * returns char pointer to char after match, or NULL
545 */
f7fe979e 546STATIC const char *
5aaab254 547S_group_end(pTHX_ const char *patptr, const char *patend, char ender)
18529408 548{
7918f24d
NC
549 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GROUP_END;
550
49704364 551 while (patptr < patend) {
f7fe979e 552 const char c = *patptr++;
49704364
WL
553
554 if (isSPACE(c))
555 continue;
556 else if (c == ender)
557 return patptr-1;
558 else if (c == '#') {
559 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
560 patptr++;
561 continue;
562 } else if (c == '(')
563 patptr = group_end(patptr, patend, ')') + 1;
564 else if (c == '[')
565 patptr = group_end(patptr, patend, ']') + 1;
18529408 566 }
49704364
WL
567 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "No group ending character '%c' found in template",
568 ender);
a25b5927 569 NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
18529408
IZ
570}
571
49704364
WL
572
573/* Convert unsigned decimal number to binary.
574 * Expects a pointer to the first digit and address of length variable
575 * Advances char pointer to 1st non-digit char and returns number
fc241834 576 */
f7fe979e 577STATIC const char *
5aaab254 578S_get_num(pTHX_ const char *patptr, I32 *lenptr )
49704364
WL
579{
580 I32 len = *patptr++ - '0';
7918f24d
NC
581
582 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_NUM;
583
49704364
WL
584 while (isDIGIT(*patptr)) {
585 if (len >= 0x7FFFFFFF/10)
586 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "pack/unpack repeat count overflow");
587 len = (len * 10) + (*patptr++ - '0');
588 }
589 *lenptr = len;
590 return patptr;
591}
592
593/* The marvellous template parsing routine: Using state stored in *symptr,
594 * locates next template code and count
595 */
596STATIC bool
f337b084 597S_next_symbol(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr )
18529408 598{
f7fe979e 599 const char* patptr = symptr->patptr;
0bcc34c2 600 const char* const patend = symptr->patend;
49704364 601
7918f24d
NC
602 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEXT_SYMBOL;
603
49704364
WL
604 symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_SLASH;
605
606 while (patptr < patend) {
607 if (isSPACE(*patptr))
608 patptr++;
609 else if (*patptr == '#') {
610 patptr++;
611 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
612 patptr++;
613 if (patptr < patend)
614 patptr++;
615 } else {
fc241834 616 /* We should have found a template code */
49704364 617 I32 code = *patptr++ & 0xFF;
66c611c5 618 U32 inherited_modifiers = 0;
49704364
WL
619
620 if (code == ','){ /* grandfather in commas but with a warning */
621 if (((symptr->flags & FLAG_COMMA) == 0) && ckWARN(WARN_UNPACK)){
622 symptr->flags |= FLAG_COMMA;
623 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
f7fe979e 624 "Invalid type ',' in %s", _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL
625 }
626 continue;
627 }
fc241834 628
49704364 629 /* for '(', skip to ')' */
fc241834 630 if (code == '(') {
49704364
WL
631 if( isDIGIT(*patptr) || *patptr == '*' || *patptr == '[' )
632 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "()-group starts with a count in %s",
f7fe979e 633 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL
634 symptr->grpbeg = patptr;
635 patptr = 1 + ( symptr->grpend = group_end(patptr, patend, ')') );
636 if( symptr->level >= MAX_SUB_TEMPLATE_LEVEL )
637 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Too deeply nested ()-groups in %s",
f7fe979e 638 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL
639 }
640
66c611c5
MHM
641 /* look for group modifiers to inherit */
642 if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(symptr->flags)) {
643 if (strchr(ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES, TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code)))
644 inherited_modifiers |= TYPE_ENDIANNESS(symptr->flags);
645 }
646
1109a392
MHM
647 /* look for modifiers */
648 while (patptr < patend) {
b7787f18
AL
649 const char *allowed;
650 I32 modifier;
1109a392
MHM
651 switch (*patptr) {
652 case '!':
653 modifier = TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING;
f8e5a5db 654 allowed = "sSiIlLxXnNvV@.";
1109a392
MHM
655 break;
656 case '>':
657 modifier = TYPE_IS_BIG_ENDIAN;
66c611c5 658 allowed = ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES;
1109a392
MHM
659 break;
660 case '<':
661 modifier = TYPE_IS_LITTLE_ENDIAN;
66c611c5 662 allowed = ENDIANNESS_ALLOWED_TYPES;
1109a392
MHM
663 break;
664 default:
b7787f18
AL
665 allowed = "";
666 modifier = 0;
1109a392
MHM
667 break;
668 }
66c611c5 669
1109a392
MHM
670 if (modifier == 0)
671 break;
66c611c5 672
1109a392
MHM
673 if (!strchr(allowed, TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code)))
674 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' allowed only after types %s in %s", *patptr,
f7fe979e 675 allowed, _action( symptr ) );
66c611c5
MHM
676
677 if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(code | modifier) == TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
1109a392 678 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use both '<' and '>' after type '%c' in %s",
f7fe979e 679 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code), _action( symptr ) );
66c611c5
MHM
680 else if (TYPE_ENDIANNESS(code | modifier | inherited_modifiers) ==
681 TYPE_ENDIANNESS_MASK)
682 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't use '%c' in a group with different byte-order in %s",
f7fe979e 683 *patptr, _action( symptr ) );
66c611c5 684
a2a5de95
NC
685 if ((code & modifier)) {
686 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_UNPACK),
687 "Duplicate modifier '%c' after '%c' in %s",
688 *patptr, (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(code),
689 _action( symptr ) );
1109a392 690 }
66c611c5 691
1109a392
MHM
692 code |= modifier;
693 patptr++;
49704364
WL
694 }
695
66c611c5
MHM
696 /* inherit modifiers */
697 code |= inherited_modifiers;
698
fc241834 699 /* look for count and/or / */
49704364
WL
700 if (patptr < patend) {
701 if (isDIGIT(*patptr)) {
702 patptr = get_num( patptr, &symptr->length );
703 symptr->howlen = e_number;
704
705 } else if (*patptr == '*') {
706 patptr++;
707 symptr->howlen = e_star;
708
709 } else if (*patptr == '[') {
f7fe979e 710 const char* lenptr = ++patptr;
49704364
WL
711 symptr->howlen = e_number;
712 patptr = group_end( patptr, patend, ']' ) + 1;
713 /* what kind of [] is it? */
714 if (isDIGIT(*lenptr)) {
715 lenptr = get_num( lenptr, &symptr->length );
716 if( *lenptr != ']' )
717 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed integer in [] in %s",
f7fe979e 718 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL
719 } else {
720 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
721 symptr->patend = patptr-1;
722 symptr->patptr = lenptr;
723 savsym.length = measure_struct(symptr);
724 *symptr = savsym;
725 }
726 } else {
727 symptr->howlen = e_no_len;
728 symptr->length = 1;
729 }
730
731 /* try to find / */
732 while (patptr < patend) {
733 if (isSPACE(*patptr))
734 patptr++;
735 else if (*patptr == '#') {
736 patptr++;
737 while (patptr < patend && *patptr != '\n')
738 patptr++;
739 if (patptr < patend)
740 patptr++;
741 } else {
66c611c5 742 if (*patptr == '/') {
49704364
WL
743 symptr->flags |= FLAG_SLASH;
744 patptr++;
66c611c5
MHM
745 if (patptr < patend &&
746 (isDIGIT(*patptr) || *patptr == '*' || *patptr == '['))
49704364 747 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'/' does not take a repeat count in %s",
f7fe979e 748 _action( symptr ) );
49704364
WL
749 }
750 break;
751 }
18529408 752 }
49704364
WL
753 } else {
754 /* at end - no count, no / */
755 symptr->howlen = e_no_len;
756 symptr->length = 1;
757 }
758
759 symptr->code = code;
fc241834 760 symptr->patptr = patptr;
49704364 761 return TRUE;
18529408 762 }
49704364 763 }
fc241834 764 symptr->patptr = patptr;
49704364 765 return FALSE;
18529408
IZ
766}
767
18529408 768/*
fc241834 769 There is no way to cleanly handle the case where we should process the
08ca2aa3 770 string per byte in its upgraded form while it's really in downgraded form
fc241834
RGS
771 (e.g. estimates like strend-s as an upper bound for the number of
772 characters left wouldn't work). So if we foresee the need of this
773 (pattern starts with U or contains U0), we want to work on the encoded
774 version of the string. Users are advised to upgrade their pack string
08ca2aa3
TH
775 themselves if they need to do a lot of unpacks like this on it
776*/
fc241834 777STATIC bool
08ca2aa3
TH
778need_utf8(const char *pat, const char *patend)
779{
780 bool first = TRUE;
7918f24d
NC
781
782 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEED_UTF8;
783
08ca2aa3
TH
784 while (pat < patend) {
785 if (pat[0] == '#') {
786 pat++;
f7fe979e 787 pat = (const char *) memchr(pat, '\n', patend-pat);
08ca2aa3
TH
788 if (!pat) return FALSE;
789 } else if (pat[0] == 'U') {
790 if (first || pat[1] == '0') return TRUE;
791 } else first = FALSE;
792 pat++;
793 }
794 return FALSE;
795}
796
797STATIC char
798first_symbol(const char *pat, const char *patend) {
7918f24d
NC
799 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIRST_SYMBOL;
800
08ca2aa3
TH
801 while (pat < patend) {
802 if (pat[0] != '#') return pat[0];
803 pat++;
f7fe979e 804 pat = (const char *) memchr(pat, '\n', patend-pat);
08ca2aa3
TH
805 if (!pat) return 0;
806 pat++;
807 }
808 return 0;
809}
810
811/*
dcccc8ff
KW
812
813=head1 Pack and Unpack
814
7accc089
JH
815=for apidoc unpackstring
816
21ebfc7a
DM
817The engine implementing the unpack() Perl function.
818
819Using the template pat..patend, this function unpacks the string
820s..strend into a number of mortal SVs, which it pushes onto the perl
821argument (@_) stack (so you will need to issue a C<PUTBACK> before and
72d33970 822C<SPAGAIN> after the call to this function). It returns the number of
21ebfc7a
DM
823pushed elements.
824
825The strend and patend pointers should point to the byte following the last
826character of each string.
827
828Although this function returns its values on the perl argument stack, it
829doesn't take any parameters from that stack (and thus in particular
830there's no need to do a PUSHMARK before calling it, unlike L</call_pv> for
831example).
7accc089
JH
832
833=cut */
834
835I32
f7fe979e 836Perl_unpackstring(pTHX_ const char *pat, const char *patend, const char *s, const char *strend, U32 flags)
7accc089 837{
f7fe979e 838 tempsym_t sym;
08ca2aa3 839
7918f24d
NC
840 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UNPACKSTRING;
841
f337b084 842 if (flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) flags |= FLAG_WAS_UTF8;
08ca2aa3
TH
843 else if (need_utf8(pat, patend)) {
844 /* We probably should try to avoid this in case a scalar context call
845 wouldn't get to the "U0" */
846 STRLEN len = strend - s;
230e1fce 847 s = (char *) bytes_to_utf8((U8 *) s, &len);
08ca2aa3
TH
848 SAVEFREEPV(s);
849 strend = s + len;
f337b084 850 flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
08ca2aa3
TH
851 }
852
f337b084
TH
853 if (first_symbol(pat, patend) != 'U' && (flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8))
854 flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
08ca2aa3 855
f7fe979e 856 TEMPSYM_INIT(&sym, pat, patend, flags);
7accc089
JH
857
858 return unpack_rec(&sym, s, s, strend, NULL );
859}
860
4136a0f7 861STATIC I32
f7fe979e 862S_unpack_rec(pTHX_ tempsym_t* symptr, const char *s, const char *strbeg, const char *strend, const char **new_s )
49704364 863{
20b7effb 864 dSP;
3297d27d 865 SV *sv = NULL;
f7fe979e 866 const I32 start_sp_offset = SP - PL_stack_base;
49704364 867 howlen_t howlen;
a6ec74c1 868 I32 checksum = 0;
92d41999 869 UV cuv = 0;
a6ec74c1 870 NV cdouble = 0.0;
f337b084 871 const int bits_in_uv = CHAR_BIT * sizeof(cuv);
49704364 872 bool beyond = FALSE;
21c16052 873 bool explicit_length;
9e27e96a 874 const bool unpack_only_one = (symptr->flags & FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE) != 0;
f337b084 875 bool utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_PARSE_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
7918f24d
NC
876
877 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UNPACK_REC;
878
28be1210 879 symptr->strbeg = s - strbeg;
49704364 880
49704364 881 while (next_symbol(symptr)) {
a7a3cfaa 882 packprops_t props;
9e27e96a 883 I32 len;
f337b084 884 I32 datumtype = symptr->code;
a1219b5e 885 bool needs_swap;
206947d2 886 /* do first one only unless in list context
08ca2aa3 887 / is implemented by unpacking the count, then popping it from the
206947d2 888 stack, so must check that we're not in the middle of a / */
49704364 889 if ( unpack_only_one
206947d2 890 && (SP - PL_stack_base == start_sp_offset + 1)
49704364 891 && (datumtype != '/') ) /* XXX can this be omitted */
206947d2 892 break;
49704364 893
f337b084 894 switch (howlen = symptr->howlen) {
fc241834
RGS
895 case e_star:
896 len = strend - strbeg; /* long enough */
49704364 897 break;
f337b084
TH
898 default:
899 /* e_no_len and e_number */
900 len = symptr->length;
901 break;
49704364 902 }
18529408 903
21c16052 904 explicit_length = TRUE;
a6ec74c1 905 redo_switch:
49704364 906 beyond = s >= strend;
a7a3cfaa
TH
907
908 props = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)];
909 if (props) {
910 /* props nonzero means we can process this letter. */
9e27e96a
AL
911 const long size = props & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
912 const long howmany = (strend - s) / size;
a7a3cfaa
TH
913 if (len > howmany)
914 len = howmany;
915
916 if (!checksum || (props & PACK_SIZE_CANNOT_CSUM)) {
917 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
918 EXTEND(SP, len);
919 EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
78d46eaa
NC
920 }
921 }
a7a3cfaa 922
a1219b5e
NC
923 needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
924
1109a392 925 switch(TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)) {
a6ec74c1 926 default:
1109a392 927 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in unpack", (int)TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype) );
49704364 928
a6ec74c1 929 case '%':
49704364 930 if (howlen == e_no_len)
18529408 931 len = 16; /* len is not specified */
a6ec74c1 932 checksum = len;
92d41999 933 cuv = 0;
a6ec74c1 934 cdouble = 0;
18529408 935 continue;
81d52ecd 936
18529408
IZ
937 case '(':
938 {
49704364 939 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
9e27e96a 940 const U32 group_modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIERS(datumtype & ~symptr->flags);
66c611c5 941 symptr->flags |= group_modifiers;
49704364 942 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
28be1210 943 symptr->previous = &savsym;
49704364 944 symptr->level++;
18529408 945 PUTBACK;
c6f750d1 946 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
18529408 947 while (len--) {
49704364 948 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
f337b084
TH
949 if (utf8) symptr->flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
950 else symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
08ca2aa3
TH
951 unpack_rec(symptr, s, strbeg, strend, &s);
952 if (s == strend && savsym.howlen == e_star)
49704364 953 break; /* No way to continue */
18529408
IZ
954 }
955 SPAGAIN;
28be1210 956 savsym.flags = symptr->flags & ~group_modifiers;
49704364 957 *symptr = savsym;
18529408
IZ
958 break;
959 }
28be1210 960 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
28be1210 961 case '.': {
9e27e96a 962 const char *from;
28be1210 963 SV *sv;
9e27e96a 964 const bool u8 = utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING);
28be1210
TH
965 if (howlen == e_star) from = strbeg;
966 else if (len <= 0) from = s;
967 else {
968 tempsym_t *group = symptr;
969
970 while (--len && group) group = group->previous;
971 from = group ? strbeg + group->strbeg : strbeg;
972 }
973 sv = from <= s ?
00646304
CB
974 newSVuv( u8 ? (UV) utf8_length((const U8*)from, (const U8*)s) : (UV) (s-from)) :
975 newSViv(-(u8 ? (IV) utf8_length((const U8*)s, (const U8*)from) : (IV) (from-s)));
6e449a3a 976 mXPUSHs(sv);
28be1210
TH
977 break;
978 }
28be1210 979 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 980 case '@':
28be1210 981 s = strbeg + symptr->strbeg;
28be1210 982 if (utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
28be1210 983 {
08ca2aa3
TH
984 while (len > 0) {
985 if (s >= strend)
986 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string in unpack");
987 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
988 len--;
989 }
990 if (s > strend)
991 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string with malformed UTF-8 in unpack");
992 } else {
28be1210 993 if (strend-s < len)
fc241834 994 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'@' outside of string in unpack");
28be1210 995 s += len;
08ca2aa3 996 }
a6ec74c1 997 break;
62f95557
IZ
998 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
999 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
1000 len = 1;
08ca2aa3 1001 if (utf8) {
f7fe979e 1002 const char *hop, *last;
f337b084
TH
1003 I32 l = len;
1004 hop = last = strbeg;
1005 while (hop < s) {
1006 hop += UTF8SKIP(hop);
1007 if (--l == 0) {
08ca2aa3 1008 last = hop;
f337b084
TH
1009 l = len;
1010 }
fc241834 1011 }
f337b084
TH
1012 if (last > s)
1013 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
08ca2aa3
TH
1014 s = last;
1015 break;
f337b084
TH
1016 }
1017 len = (s - strbeg) % len;
924ba076 1018 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1019 case 'X':
08ca2aa3
TH
1020 if (utf8) {
1021 while (len > 0) {
1022 if (s <= strbeg)
1023 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack");
f337b084 1024 while (--s, UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*s)) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1025 if (s <= strbeg)
1026 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack");
1027 }
1028 len--;
1029 }
1030 } else {
fc241834
RGS
1031 if (len > s - strbeg)
1032 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'X' outside of string in unpack" );
1033 s -= len;
08ca2aa3 1034 }
a6ec74c1 1035 break;
9e27e96a
AL
1036 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING: {
1037 I32 ai32;
62f95557
IZ
1038 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
1039 len = 1;
230e1fce
NC
1040 if (utf8) ai32 = utf8_length((U8 *) strbeg, (U8 *) s) % len;
1041 else ai32 = (s - strbeg) % len;
08ca2aa3
TH
1042 if (ai32 == 0) break;
1043 len -= ai32;
9e27e96a 1044 }
924ba076 1045 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1046 case 'x':
08ca2aa3
TH
1047 if (utf8) {
1048 while (len>0) {
1049 if (s >= strend)
1050 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'x' outside of string in unpack");
1051 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
1052 len--;
1053 }
1054 } else {
fc241834
RGS
1055 if (len > strend - s)
1056 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'x' outside of string in unpack");
1057 s += len;
f337b084 1058 }
a6ec74c1
JH
1059 break;
1060 case '/':
49704364 1061 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'/' must follow a numeric type in unpack");
81d52ecd 1062
a6ec74c1
JH
1063 case 'A':
1064 case 'Z':
1065 case 'a':
08ca2aa3
TH
1066 if (checksum) {
1067 /* Preliminary length estimate is assumed done in 'W' */
1068 if (len > strend - s) len = strend - s;
1069 goto W_checksum;
1070 }
1071 if (utf8) {
1072 I32 l;
f7fe979e 1073 const char *hop;
08ca2aa3
TH
1074 for (l=len, hop=s; l>0; l--, hop += UTF8SKIP(hop)) {
1075 if (hop >= strend) {
1076 if (hop > strend)
1077 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1078 break;
fc241834 1079 }
a6ec74c1 1080 }
08ca2aa3
TH
1081 if (hop > strend)
1082 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1083 len = hop - s;
1084 } else if (len > strend - s)
1085 len = strend - s;
1086
1087 if (datumtype == 'Z') {
1088 /* 'Z' strips stuff after first null */
f7fe979e 1089 const char *ptr, *end;
f337b084
TH
1090 end = s + len;
1091 for (ptr = s; ptr < end; ptr++) if (*ptr == 0) break;
08ca2aa3
TH
1092 sv = newSVpvn(s, ptr-s);
1093 if (howlen == e_star) /* exact for 'Z*' */
1094 len = ptr-s + (ptr != strend ? 1 : 0);
1095 } else if (datumtype == 'A') {
1096 /* 'A' strips both nulls and spaces */
f7fe979e 1097 const char *ptr;
18bdf90a
TH
1098 if (utf8 && (symptr->flags & FLAG_WAS_UTF8)) {
1099 for (ptr = s+len-1; ptr >= s; ptr--)
1100 if (*ptr != 0 && !UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*ptr) &&
76a77b1b 1101 !isSPACE_utf8(ptr)) break;
18bdf90a
TH
1102 if (ptr >= s) ptr += UTF8SKIP(ptr);
1103 else ptr++;
28be1210 1104 if (ptr > s+len)
18bdf90a
TH
1105 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1106 } else {
1107 for (ptr = s+len-1; ptr >= s; ptr--)
1108 if (*ptr != 0 && !isSPACE(*ptr)) break;
1109 ptr++;
1110 }
08ca2aa3
TH
1111 sv = newSVpvn(s, ptr-s);
1112 } else sv = newSVpvn(s, len);
1113
1114 if (utf8) {
1115 SvUTF8_on(sv);
1116 /* Undo any upgrade done due to need_utf8() */
f337b084 1117 if (!(symptr->flags & FLAG_WAS_UTF8))
08ca2aa3 1118 sv_utf8_downgrade(sv, 0);
a6ec74c1 1119 }
6e449a3a 1120 mXPUSHs(sv);
08ca2aa3 1121 s += len;
a6ec74c1
JH
1122 break;
1123 case 'B':
08ca2aa3
TH
1124 case 'b': {
1125 char *str;
49704364 1126 if (howlen == e_star || len > (strend - s) * 8)
a6ec74c1
JH
1127 len = (strend - s) * 8;
1128 if (checksum) {
f337b084 1129 if (utf8)
08ca2aa3 1130 while (len >= 8 && s < strend) {
f337b084 1131 cuv += PL_bitcount[uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype)];
08ca2aa3
TH
1132 len -= 8;
1133 }
f337b084 1134 else
fc241834 1135 while (len >= 8) {
08ca2aa3 1136 cuv += PL_bitcount[*(U8 *)s++];
fc241834
RGS
1137 len -= 8;
1138 }
08ca2aa3
TH
1139 if (len && s < strend) {
1140 U8 bits;
f337b084
TH
1141 bits = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
1142 if (datumtype == 'b')
a6ec74c1 1143 while (len-- > 0) {
92d41999 1144 if (bits & 1) cuv++;
a6ec74c1
JH
1145 bits >>= 1;
1146 }
f337b084 1147 else
a6ec74c1 1148 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1149 if (bits & 0x80) cuv++;
a6ec74c1
JH
1150 bits <<= 1;
1151 }
fc241834 1152 }
a6ec74c1
JH
1153 break;
1154 }
08ca2aa3 1155
561b68a9 1156 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(len ? len : 1));
a6ec74c1
JH
1157 SvPOK_on(sv);
1158 str = SvPVX(sv);
1159 if (datumtype == 'b') {
f337b084 1160 U8 bits = 0;
f7fe979e 1161 const I32 ai32 = len;
08ca2aa3
TH
1162 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1163 if (len & 7) bits >>= 1;
1164 else if (utf8) {
1165 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1166 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3
TH
1167 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1168 *str++ = bits & 1 ? '1' : '0';
a6ec74c1 1169 }
08ca2aa3 1170 } else {
f337b084 1171 U8 bits = 0;
f7fe979e 1172 const I32 ai32 = len;
08ca2aa3
TH
1173 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1174 if (len & 7) bits <<= 1;
1175 else if (utf8) {
1176 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1177 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3
TH
1178 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
1179 *str++ = bits & 0x80 ? '1' : '0';
a6ec74c1
JH
1180 }
1181 }
1182 *str = '\0';
aa07b2f6 1183 SvCUR_set(sv, str - SvPVX_const(sv));
08ca2aa3 1184 XPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1 1185 break;
08ca2aa3 1186 }
a6ec74c1 1187 case 'H':
08ca2aa3 1188 case 'h': {
3297d27d 1189 char *str = NULL;
fc241834 1190 /* Preliminary length estimate, acceptable for utf8 too */
49704364 1191 if (howlen == e_star || len > (strend - s) * 2)
a6ec74c1 1192 len = (strend - s) * 2;
858fe5e1
TC
1193 if (!checksum) {
1194 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(len ? len : 1));
1195 SvPOK_on(sv);
1196 str = SvPVX(sv);
1197 }
a6ec74c1 1198 if (datumtype == 'h') {
f337b084 1199 U8 bits = 0;
9e27e96a 1200 I32 ai32 = len;
fc241834
RGS
1201 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1202 if (len & 1) bits >>= 4;
1203 else if (utf8) {
1204 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1205 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
fc241834 1206 } else bits = * (U8 *) s++;
858fe5e1
TC
1207 if (!checksum)
1208 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[bits & 15];
a6ec74c1 1209 }
08ca2aa3 1210 } else {
f337b084 1211 U8 bits = 0;
f7fe979e 1212 const I32 ai32 = len;
08ca2aa3
TH
1213 for (len = 0; len < ai32; len++) {
1214 if (len & 1) bits <<= 4;
1215 else if (utf8) {
1216 if (s >= strend) break;
f337b084 1217 bits = uni_to_byte(aTHX_ &s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3 1218 } else bits = *(U8 *) s++;
858fe5e1
TC
1219 if (!checksum)
1220 *str++ = PL_hexdigit[(bits >> 4) & 15];
a6ec74c1
JH
1221 }
1222 }
858fe5e1
TC
1223 if (!checksum) {
1224 *str = '\0';
1225 SvCUR_set(sv, str - SvPVX_const(sv));
1226 XPUSHs(sv);
1227 }
a6ec74c1 1228 break;
08ca2aa3 1229 }
1651fc44
ML
1230 case 'C':
1231 if (len == 0) {
1232 if (explicit_length)
1233 /* Switch to "character" mode */
1234 utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
1235 break;
1236 }
924ba076 1237 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1238 case 'c':
1651fc44
ML
1239 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1240 int aint;
1241 if (utf8)
1242 {
1243 STRLEN retlen;
1244 aint = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) s, strend-s, &retlen,
1245 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
1246 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1247 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1248 s += retlen;
1249 }
1250 else
1251 aint = *(U8 *)(s)++;
1252 if (aint >= 128 && datumtype != 'C') /* fake up signed chars */
73cb7263 1253 aint -= 256;
08ca2aa3 1254 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1255 mPUSHi(aint);
73cb7263
NC
1256 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1257 cdouble += (NV)aint;
1258 else
1259 cuv += aint;
a6ec74c1
JH
1260 }
1261 break;
08ca2aa3
TH
1262 case 'W':
1263 W_checksum:
1651fc44 1264 if (utf8) {
08ca2aa3 1265 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
08ca2aa3 1266 STRLEN retlen;
f7fe979e 1267 const UV val = utf8n_to_uvchr((U8 *) s, strend-s, &retlen,
f337b084 1268 ckWARN(WARN_UTF8) ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY);
08ca2aa3
TH
1269 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1270 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1271 s += retlen;
1272 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1273 mPUSHu(val);
08ca2aa3
TH
1274 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1275 cdouble += (NV) val;
d6d3e8bd 1276 else
08ca2aa3 1277 cuv += val;
fc241834 1278 }
08ca2aa3 1279 } else if (!checksum)
a6ec74c1 1280 while (len-- > 0) {
f7fe979e 1281 const U8 ch = *(U8 *) s++;
6e449a3a 1282 mPUSHu(ch);
a6ec74c1 1283 }
08ca2aa3
TH
1284 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1285 while (len-- > 0) cdouble += (NV) *(U8 *) s++;
1286 else
1287 while (len-- > 0) cuv += *(U8 *) s++;
a6ec74c1
JH
1288 break;
1289 case 'U':
35bcd338 1290 if (len == 0) {
c5333953 1291 if (explicit_length && howlen != e_star) {
08ca2aa3 1292 /* Switch to "bytes in UTF-8" mode */
f337b084 1293 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) utf8 = 0;
08ca2aa3
TH
1294 else
1295 /* Should be impossible due to the need_utf8() test */
1296 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "U0 mode on a byte string");
1297 }
35bcd338
JH
1298 break;
1299 }
08ca2aa3 1300 if (len > strend - s) len = strend - s;
fc241834 1301 if (!checksum) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1302 if (len && unpack_only_one) len = 1;
1303 EXTEND(SP, len);
1304 EXTEND_MORTAL(len);
fc241834 1305 }
08ca2aa3
TH
1306 while (len-- > 0 && s < strend) {
1307 STRLEN retlen;
1308 UV auv;
1309 if (utf8) {
1310 U8 result[UTF8_MAXLEN];
f7fe979e 1311 const char *ptr = s;
08ca2aa3 1312 STRLEN len;
08ca2aa3
TH
1313 /* Bug: warns about bad utf8 even if we are short on bytes
1314 and will break out of the loop */
230e1fce
NC
1315 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &ptr, strend, (char *) result, 1,
1316 'U'))
08ca2aa3
TH
1317 break;
1318 len = UTF8SKIP(result);
fc241834 1319 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &ptr, strend,
230e1fce 1320 (char *) &result[1], len-1, 'U')) break;
3ece276e
KW
1321 auv = NATIVE_TO_UNI(utf8n_to_uvchr(result,
1322 len,
1323 &retlen,
1324 UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT));
08ca2aa3
TH
1325 s = ptr;
1326 } else {
3ece276e
KW
1327 auv = NATIVE_TO_UNI(utf8n_to_uvchr((U8*)s,
1328 strend - s,
1329 &retlen,
1330 UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT));
08ca2aa3
TH
1331 if (retlen == (STRLEN) -1 || retlen == 0)
1332 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in unpack");
1333 s += retlen;
1334 }
1335 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1336 mPUSHu(auv);
73cb7263 1337 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
08ca2aa3 1338 cdouble += (NV) auv;
73cb7263 1339 else
08ca2aa3 1340 cuv += auv;
a6ec74c1
JH
1341 }
1342 break;
49704364
WL
1343 case 's' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1344#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
73cb7263 1345 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1346 short ashort;
aaec8192 1347 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, ashort, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1348 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1349 mPUSHi(ashort);
73cb7263
NC
1350 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1351 cdouble += (NV)ashort;
1352 else
1353 cuv += ashort;
49704364
WL
1354 }
1355 break;
1356#else
924ba076 1357 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1358#endif
49704364 1359 case 's':
73cb7263 1360 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1361 I16 ai16;
1362
1363#if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1364 ai16 = 0;
1365#endif
aaec8192 1366 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &ai16, datumtype, needs_swap);
1109a392 1367#if U16SIZE > SIZE16
73cb7263
NC
1368 if (ai16 > 32767)
1369 ai16 -= 65536;
a6ec74c1 1370#endif
08ca2aa3 1371 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1372 mPUSHi(ai16);
73cb7263
NC
1373 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1374 cdouble += (NV)ai16;
1375 else
1376 cuv += ai16;
a6ec74c1
JH
1377 }
1378 break;
49704364
WL
1379 case 'S' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1380#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
73cb7263 1381 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1382 unsigned short aushort;
aaec8192
NC
1383 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aushort, datumtype, needs_swap,
1384 needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1385 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1386 mPUSHu(aushort);
73cb7263
NC
1387 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1388 cdouble += (NV)aushort;
1389 else
1390 cuv += aushort;
49704364
WL
1391 }
1392 break;
1393#else
924ba076 1394 /* FALLTHROUGH */
49704364 1395#endif
a6ec74c1
JH
1396 case 'v':
1397 case 'n':
1398 case 'S':
73cb7263 1399 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1400 U16 au16;
1401#if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1402 au16 = 0;
1403#endif
aaec8192 1404 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &au16, datumtype, needs_swap);
73cb7263
NC
1405 if (datumtype == 'n')
1406 au16 = PerlSock_ntohs(au16);
73cb7263
NC
1407 if (datumtype == 'v')
1408 au16 = vtohs(au16);
08ca2aa3 1409 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1410 mPUSHu(au16);
73cb7263 1411 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
f337b084 1412 cdouble += (NV) au16;
73cb7263
NC
1413 else
1414 cuv += au16;
a6ec74c1
JH
1415 }
1416 break;
068bd2e7
MHM
1417 case 'v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1418 case 'n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1419 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1420 I16 ai16;
1421# if U16SIZE > SIZE16
1422 ai16 = 0;
1423# endif
aaec8192 1424 SHIFT16(utf8, s, strend, &ai16, datumtype, needs_swap);
e396d235
NC
1425 /* There should never be any byte-swapping here. */
1426 assert(!TYPE_ENDIANNESS(datumtype));
73cb7263 1427 if (datumtype == ('n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
08ca2aa3 1428 ai16 = (I16) PerlSock_ntohs((U16) ai16);
73cb7263 1429 if (datumtype == ('v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
08ca2aa3 1430 ai16 = (I16) vtohs((U16) ai16);
08ca2aa3 1431 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1432 mPUSHi(ai16);
73cb7263 1433 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
08ca2aa3 1434 cdouble += (NV) ai16;
73cb7263
NC
1435 else
1436 cuv += ai16;
068bd2e7
MHM
1437 }
1438 break;
a6ec74c1 1439 case 'i':
49704364 1440 case 'i' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1441 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1442 int aint;
aaec8192 1443 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aint, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1444 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1445 mPUSHi(aint);
73cb7263
NC
1446 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1447 cdouble += (NV)aint;
1448 else
1449 cuv += aint;
a6ec74c1
JH
1450 }
1451 break;
1452 case 'I':
49704364 1453 case 'I' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1454 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1455 unsigned int auint;
aaec8192 1456 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auint, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1457 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1458 mPUSHu(auint);
73cb7263
NC
1459 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1460 cdouble += (NV)auint;
1461 else
1462 cuv += auint;
a6ec74c1
JH
1463 }
1464 break;
92d41999 1465 case 'j':
73cb7263 1466 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1467 IV aiv;
aaec8192 1468 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aiv, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1469 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1470 mPUSHi(aiv);
73cb7263
NC
1471 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1472 cdouble += (NV)aiv;
1473 else
1474 cuv += aiv;
92d41999
JH
1475 }
1476 break;
1477 case 'J':
73cb7263 1478 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1479 UV auv;
aaec8192 1480 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auv, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1481 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1482 mPUSHu(auv);
73cb7263
NC
1483 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1484 cdouble += (NV)auv;
1485 else
1486 cuv += auv;
92d41999
JH
1487 }
1488 break;
49704364
WL
1489 case 'l' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1490#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
73cb7263 1491 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1492 long along;
aaec8192 1493 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, along, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1494 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1495 mPUSHi(along);
73cb7263
NC
1496 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1497 cdouble += (NV)along;
1498 else
1499 cuv += along;
49704364
WL
1500 }
1501 break;
1502#else
924ba076 1503 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 1504#endif
49704364 1505 case 'l':
73cb7263 1506 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1507 I32 ai32;
1508#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1509 ai32 = 0;
1510#endif
aaec8192 1511 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &ai32, datumtype, needs_swap);
25a9bd2a 1512#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
08ca2aa3 1513 if (ai32 > 2147483647) ai32 -= 4294967296;
a6ec74c1 1514#endif
08ca2aa3 1515 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1516 mPUSHi(ai32);
73cb7263
NC
1517 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1518 cdouble += (NV)ai32;
1519 else
1520 cuv += ai32;
a6ec74c1
JH
1521 }
1522 break;
49704364
WL
1523 case 'L' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1524#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
73cb7263 1525 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1526 unsigned long aulong;
aaec8192 1527 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aulong, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1528 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1529 mPUSHu(aulong);
73cb7263
NC
1530 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1531 cdouble += (NV)aulong;
1532 else
1533 cuv += aulong;
49704364
WL
1534 }
1535 break;
1536#else
924ba076 1537 /* FALLTHROUGH */
49704364 1538#endif
a6ec74c1
JH
1539 case 'V':
1540 case 'N':
1541 case 'L':
73cb7263 1542 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3
TH
1543 U32 au32;
1544#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
1545 au32 = 0;
1546#endif
aaec8192 1547 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &au32, datumtype, needs_swap);
73cb7263
NC
1548 if (datumtype == 'N')
1549 au32 = PerlSock_ntohl(au32);
73cb7263
NC
1550 if (datumtype == 'V')
1551 au32 = vtohl(au32);
08ca2aa3 1552 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1553 mPUSHu(au32);
fc241834
RGS
1554 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1555 cdouble += (NV)au32;
1556 else
1557 cuv += au32;
a6ec74c1
JH
1558 }
1559 break;
068bd2e7
MHM
1560 case 'V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
1561 case 'N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
73cb7263 1562 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1563 I32 ai32;
f8e5a5db 1564#if U32SIZE > SIZE32
08ca2aa3 1565 ai32 = 0;
f8e5a5db 1566#endif
aaec8192 1567 SHIFT32(utf8, s, strend, &ai32, datumtype, needs_swap);
e396d235
NC
1568 /* There should never be any byte swapping here. */
1569 assert(!TYPE_ENDIANNESS(datumtype));
73cb7263
NC
1570 if (datumtype == ('N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1571 ai32 = (I32)PerlSock_ntohl((U32)ai32);
73cb7263
NC
1572 if (datumtype == ('V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
1573 ai32 = (I32)vtohl((U32)ai32);
08ca2aa3 1574 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1575 mPUSHi(ai32);
73cb7263
NC
1576 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1577 cdouble += (NV)ai32;
1578 else
1579 cuv += ai32;
068bd2e7
MHM
1580 }
1581 break;
a6ec74c1 1582 case 'p':
a6ec74c1 1583 while (len-- > 0) {
f7fe979e 1584 const char *aptr;
aaec8192 1585 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aptr, datumtype, needs_swap);
c4c5f44a 1586 /* newSVpv generates undef if aptr is NULL */
6e449a3a 1587 mPUSHs(newSVpv(aptr, 0));
a6ec74c1
JH
1588 }
1589 break;
1590 case 'w':
a6ec74c1
JH
1591 {
1592 UV auv = 0;
1593 U32 bytes = 0;
fc241834 1594
08ca2aa3
TH
1595 while (len > 0 && s < strend) {
1596 U8 ch;
f337b084 1597 ch = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3 1598 auv = (auv << 7) | (ch & 0x7f);
a6ec74c1 1599 /* UTF8_IS_XXXXX not right here - using constant 0x80 */
08ca2aa3 1600 if (ch < 0x80) {
a6ec74c1 1601 bytes = 0;
6e449a3a 1602 mPUSHu(auv);
a6ec74c1
JH
1603 len--;
1604 auv = 0;
08ca2aa3 1605 continue;
a6ec74c1 1606 }
08ca2aa3 1607 if (++bytes >= sizeof(UV)) { /* promote to string */
10516c54 1608 const char *t;
a6ec74c1 1609
f5992bc4 1610 sv = Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_ "%.*"UVuf, (int)TYPE_DIGITS(UV), auv);
a6ec74c1 1611 while (s < strend) {
f337b084 1612 ch = SHIFT_BYTE(utf8, s, strend, datumtype);
08ca2aa3
TH
1613 sv = mul128(sv, (U8)(ch & 0x7f));
1614 if (!(ch & 0x80)) {
a6ec74c1
JH
1615 bytes = 0;
1616 break;
1617 }
1618 }
10516c54 1619 t = SvPV_nolen_const(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH
1620 while (*t == '0')
1621 t++;
1622 sv_chop(sv, t);
6e449a3a 1623 mPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH
1624 len--;
1625 auv = 0;
1626 }
1627 }
1628 if ((s >= strend) && bytes)
49704364 1629 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Unterminated compressed integer in unpack");
a6ec74c1
JH
1630 }
1631 break;
1632 case 'P':
49704364
WL
1633 if (symptr->howlen == e_star)
1634 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'P' must have an explicit size in unpack");
a6ec74c1 1635 EXTEND(SP, 1);
2d3e0934 1636 if (s + sizeof(char*) <= strend) {
08ca2aa3 1637 char *aptr;
aaec8192 1638 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aptr, datumtype, needs_swap);
fc241834 1639 /* newSVpvn generates undef if aptr is NULL */
59cd0e26 1640 PUSHs(newSVpvn_flags(aptr, len, SVs_TEMP));
08ca2aa3 1641 }
a6ec74c1 1642 break;
c174bf3b 1643#if defined(HAS_QUAD) && IVSIZE >= 8
a6ec74c1 1644 case 'q':
73cb7263 1645 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1646 Quad_t aquad;
aaec8192 1647 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, aquad, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1648 if (!checksum)
c174bf3b 1649 mPUSHs(newSViv((IV)aquad));
73cb7263
NC
1650 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1651 cdouble += (NV)aquad;
1652 else
1653 cuv += aquad;
1654 }
a6ec74c1
JH
1655 break;
1656 case 'Q':
73cb7263 1657 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1658 Uquad_t auquad;
aaec8192 1659 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, auquad, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1660 if (!checksum)
c174bf3b 1661 mPUSHs(newSVuv((UV)auquad));
73cb7263
NC
1662 else if (checksum > bits_in_uv)
1663 cdouble += (NV)auquad;
1664 else
1665 cuv += auquad;
a6ec74c1
JH
1666 }
1667 break;
1640b983 1668#endif
a6ec74c1
JH
1669 /* float and double added gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
1670 case 'f':
73cb7263 1671 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1672 float afloat;
aaec8192 1673 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, afloat, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1674 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1675 mPUSHn(afloat);
08ca2aa3 1676 else
73cb7263 1677 cdouble += afloat;
fc241834 1678 }
a6ec74c1
JH
1679 break;
1680 case 'd':
73cb7263 1681 while (len-- > 0) {
08ca2aa3 1682 double adouble;
aaec8192 1683 SHIFT_VAR(utf8, s, strend, adouble, datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1684 if (!checksum)
6e449a3a 1685 mPUSHn(adouble);
08ca2aa3 1686 else
73cb7263 1687 cdouble += adouble;
fc241834 1688 }
a6ec74c1 1689 break;
92d41999 1690 case 'F':
73cb7263 1691 while (len-- > 0) {
275663fa 1692 NV_bytes anv;
aaec8192
NC
1693 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, anv.bytes, sizeof(anv.bytes),
1694 datumtype, needs_swap);
08ca2aa3 1695 if (!checksum)
275663fa 1696 mPUSHn(anv.nv);
08ca2aa3 1697 else
275663fa 1698 cdouble += anv.nv;
fc241834 1699 }
92d41999
JH
1700 break;
1701#if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
1702 case 'D':
73cb7263 1703 while (len-- > 0) {
275663fa 1704 ld_bytes aldouble;
aaec8192
NC
1705 SHIFT_BYTES(utf8, s, strend, aldouble.bytes,
1706 sizeof(aldouble.bytes), datumtype, needs_swap);
42262fd3
JH
1707 /* The most common long double format, the x86 80-bit
1708 * extended precision, has either 2 or 6 unused bytes,
1709 * which may contain garbage, which may contain
1710 * unintentional data. While we do zero the bytes of
1711 * the long double data in pack(), here in unpack() we
1712 * don't, because it's really hard to envision that
1713 * reading the long double off aldouble would be
e075ae47 1714 * affected by the unused bytes.
42262fd3
JH
1715 *
1716 * Note that trying to unpack 'long doubles' of 'long
1717 * doubles' packed in another system is in the general
1718 * case doomed without having more detail. */
08ca2aa3 1719 if (!checksum)
275663fa 1720 mPUSHn(aldouble.ld);
08ca2aa3 1721 else
275663fa 1722 cdouble += aldouble.ld;
92d41999
JH
1723 }
1724 break;
1725#endif
a6ec74c1 1726 case 'u':
858fe5e1 1727 if (!checksum) {
f7fe979e 1728 const STRLEN l = (STRLEN) (strend - s) * 3 / 4;
561b68a9 1729 sv = sv_2mortal(newSV(l));
08ca2aa3
TH
1730 if (l) SvPOK_on(sv);
1731 }
1732 if (utf8) {
1733 while (next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &len)) {
1734 I32 a, b, c, d;
db187877 1735 char hunk[3];
08ca2aa3 1736
08ca2aa3
TH
1737 while (len > 0) {
1738 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &a);
1739 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &b);
1740 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &c);
1741 next_uni_uu(aTHX_ &s, strend, &d);
1742 hunk[0] = (char)((a << 2) | (b >> 4));
1743 hunk[1] = (char)((b << 4) | (c >> 2));
1744 hunk[2] = (char)((c << 6) | d);
858fe5e1
TC
1745 if (!checksum)
1746 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
08ca2aa3
TH
1747 len -= 3;
1748 }
1749 if (s < strend) {
f7fe979e
AL
1750 if (*s == '\n') {
1751 s++;
1752 }
08ca2aa3
TH
1753 else {
1754 /* possible checksum byte */
f7fe979e
AL
1755 const char *skip = s+UTF8SKIP(s);
1756 if (skip < strend && *skip == '\n')
1757 s = skip+1;
08ca2aa3
TH
1758 }
1759 }
1760 }
1761 } else {
fc241834
RGS
1762 while (s < strend && *s > ' ' && ISUUCHAR(*s)) {
1763 I32 a, b, c, d;
db187877 1764 char hunk[3];
a6ec74c1 1765
fc241834
RGS
1766 len = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1767 while (len > 0) {
1768 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1769 a = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1770 else
1771 a = 0;
1772 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1773 b = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1774 else
1775 b = 0;
1776 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1777 c = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1778 else
1779 c = 0;
1780 if (s < strend && ISUUCHAR(*s))
1781 d = PL_uudmap[*(U8*)s++] & 077;
1782 else
1783 d = 0;
1784 hunk[0] = (char)((a << 2) | (b >> 4));
1785 hunk[1] = (char)((b << 4) | (c >> 2));
1786 hunk[2] = (char)((c << 6) | d);
858fe5e1
TC
1787 if (!checksum)
1788 sv_catpvn(sv, hunk, (len > 3) ? 3 : len);
fc241834
RGS
1789 len -= 3;
1790 }
1791 if (*s == '\n')
1792 s++;
1793 else /* possible checksum byte */
1794 if (s + 1 < strend && s[1] == '\n')
1795 s += 2;
a6ec74c1 1796 }
08ca2aa3 1797 }
858fe5e1
TC
1798 if (!checksum)
1799 XPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1 1800 break;
99f862a1 1801 } /* End of switch */
49704364 1802
a6ec74c1 1803 if (checksum) {
1109a392 1804 if (strchr("fFdD", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype)) ||
92d41999 1805 (checksum > bits_in_uv &&
08ca2aa3
TH
1806 strchr("cCsSiIlLnNUWvVqQjJ", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype))) ) {
1807 NV trouble, anv;
a6ec74c1 1808
08ca2aa3 1809 anv = (NV) (1 << (checksum & 15));
a6ec74c1
JH
1810 while (checksum >= 16) {
1811 checksum -= 16;
08ca2aa3 1812 anv *= 65536.0;
a6ec74c1 1813 }
a6ec74c1 1814 while (cdouble < 0.0)
08ca2aa3
TH
1815 cdouble += anv;
1816 cdouble = Perl_modf(cdouble / anv, &trouble) * anv;
c4c5f44a 1817 sv = newSVnv(cdouble);
a6ec74c1
JH
1818 }
1819 else {
fa8ec7c1
NC
1820 if (checksum < bits_in_uv) {
1821 UV mask = ((UV)1 << checksum) - 1;
92d41999 1822 cuv &= mask;
a6ec74c1 1823 }
c4c5f44a 1824 sv = newSVuv(cuv);
a6ec74c1 1825 }
6e449a3a 1826 mXPUSHs(sv);
a6ec74c1
JH
1827 checksum = 0;
1828 }
fc241834 1829
49704364
WL
1830 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_SLASH){
1831 if (SP - PL_stack_base - start_sp_offset <= 0)
21361d07 1832 break;
49704364
WL
1833 if( next_symbol(symptr) ){
1834 if( symptr->howlen == e_number )
1835 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Count after length/code in unpack" );
1836 if( beyond ){
1837 /* ...end of char buffer then no decent length available */
1838 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "length/code after end of string in unpack" );
1839 } else {
1840 /* take top of stack (hope it's numeric) */
1841 len = POPi;
1842 if( len < 0 )
1843 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Negative '/' count in unpack" );
1844 }
1845 } else {
1846 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Code missing after '/' in unpack" );
1847 }
1848 datumtype = symptr->code;
21c16052 1849 explicit_length = FALSE;
49704364
WL
1850 goto redo_switch;
1851 }
a6ec74c1 1852 }
49704364 1853
18529408
IZ
1854 if (new_s)
1855 *new_s = s;
1856 PUTBACK;
1857 return SP - PL_stack_base - start_sp_offset;
1858}
1859
1860PP(pp_unpack)
1861{
1862 dSP;
bab9c0ac 1863 dPOPPOPssrl;
18529408
IZ
1864 I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
1865 STRLEN llen;
1866 STRLEN rlen;
5c144d81
NC
1867 const char *pat = SvPV_const(left, llen);
1868 const char *s = SvPV_const(right, rlen);
f7fe979e
AL
1869 const char *strend = s + rlen;
1870 const char *patend = pat + llen;
08ca2aa3 1871 I32 cnt;
18529408
IZ
1872
1873 PUTBACK;
7accc089 1874 cnt = unpackstring(pat, patend, s, strend,
49704364 1875 ((gimme == G_SCALAR) ? FLAG_UNPACK_ONLY_ONE : 0)
f337b084 1876 | (DO_UTF8(right) ? FLAG_DO_UTF8 : 0));
49704364 1877
18529408
IZ
1878 SPAGAIN;
1879 if ( !cnt && gimme == G_SCALAR )
1880 PUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
a6ec74c1
JH
1881 RETURN;
1882}
1883
f337b084 1884STATIC U8 *
f7fe979e 1885doencodes(U8 *h, const char *s, I32 len)
a6ec74c1 1886{
f337b084 1887 *h++ = PL_uuemap[len];
a6ec74c1 1888 while (len > 2) {
f337b084
TH
1889 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[0] >> 2))];
1890 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[0] << 4) & 060) | ((s[1] >> 4) & 017)))];
1891 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[1] << 2) & 074) | ((s[2] >> 6) & 03)))];
1892 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[2] & 077))];
a6ec74c1
JH
1893 s += 3;
1894 len -= 3;
1895 }
1896 if (len > 0) {
f7fe979e 1897 const char r = (len > 1 ? s[1] : '\0');
f337b084
TH
1898 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (s[0] >> 2))];
1899 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & (((s[0] << 4) & 060) | ((r >> 4) & 017)))];
1900 *h++ = PL_uuemap[(077 & ((r << 2) & 074))];
1901 *h++ = PL_uuemap[0];
a6ec74c1 1902 }
f337b084
TH
1903 *h++ = '\n';
1904 return h;
a6ec74c1
JH
1905}
1906
1907STATIC SV *
f7fe979e 1908S_is_an_int(pTHX_ const char *s, STRLEN l)
a6ec74c1 1909{
8b6e33c7
AL
1910 SV *result = newSVpvn(s, l);
1911 char *const result_c = SvPV_nolen(result); /* convenience */
1912 char *out = result_c;
1913 bool skip = 1;
1914 bool ignore = 0;
a6ec74c1 1915
7918f24d
NC
1916 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_AN_INT;
1917
a6ec74c1
JH
1918 while (*s) {
1919 switch (*s) {
1920 case ' ':
1921 break;
1922 case '+':
1923 if (!skip) {
1924 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1925 return (NULL);
1926 }
1927 break;
1928 case '0':
1929 case '1':
1930 case '2':
1931 case '3':
1932 case '4':
1933 case '5':
1934 case '6':
1935 case '7':
1936 case '8':
1937 case '9':
1938 skip = 0;
1939 if (!ignore) {
1940 *(out++) = *s;
1941 }
1942 break;
1943 case '.':
1944 ignore = 1;
1945 break;
1946 default:
1947 SvREFCNT_dec(result);
1948 return (NULL);
1949 }
1950 s++;
1951 }
1952 *(out++) = '\0';
1953 SvCUR_set(result, out - result_c);
1954 return (result);
1955}
1956
1957/* pnum must be '\0' terminated */
1958STATIC int
1959S_div128(pTHX_ SV *pnum, bool *done)
1960{
8b6e33c7
AL
1961 STRLEN len;
1962 char * const s = SvPV(pnum, len);
1963 char *t = s;
1964 int m = 0;
1965
7918f24d
NC
1966 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DIV128;
1967
8b6e33c7
AL
1968 *done = 1;
1969 while (*t) {
1970 const int i = m * 10 + (*t - '0');
1971 const int r = (i >> 7); /* r < 10 */
1972 m = i & 0x7F;
1973 if (r) {
1974 *done = 0;
1975 }
1976 *(t++) = '0' + r;
a6ec74c1 1977 }
8b6e33c7
AL
1978 *(t++) = '\0';
1979 SvCUR_set(pnum, (STRLEN) (t - s));
1980 return (m);
a6ec74c1
JH
1981}
1982
18529408 1983/*
7accc089
JH
1984=for apidoc packlist
1985
1986The engine implementing pack() Perl function.
1987
bfce84ec
AL
1988=cut
1989*/
7accc089
JH
1990
1991void
5aaab254 1992Perl_packlist(pTHX_ SV *cat, const char *pat, const char *patend, SV **beglist, SV **endlist )
7accc089 1993{
aadb217d
JH
1994 tempsym_t sym;
1995
7918f24d
NC
1996 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACKLIST;
1997
f7fe979e 1998 TEMPSYM_INIT(&sym, pat, patend, FLAG_PACK);
49704364 1999
f337b084
TH
2000 /* We're going to do changes through SvPVX(cat). Make sure it's valid.
2001 Also make sure any UTF8 flag is loaded */
56eb0262 2002 SvPV_force_nolen(cat);
bfce84ec
AL
2003 if (DO_UTF8(cat))
2004 sym.flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8 | FLAG_DO_UTF8;
f337b084 2005
49704364
WL
2006 (void)pack_rec( cat, &sym, beglist, endlist );
2007}
2008
f337b084
TH
2009/* like sv_utf8_upgrade, but also repoint the group start markers */
2010STATIC void
2011marked_upgrade(pTHX_ SV *sv, tempsym_t *sym_ptr) {
2012 STRLEN len;
2013 tempsym_t *group;
f7fe979e
AL
2014 const char *from_ptr, *from_start, *from_end, **marks, **m;
2015 char *to_start, *to_ptr;
f337b084
TH
2016
2017 if (SvUTF8(sv)) return;
2018
aa07b2f6 2019 from_start = SvPVX_const(sv);
f337b084
TH
2020 from_end = from_start + SvCUR(sv);
2021 for (from_ptr = from_start; from_ptr < from_end; from_ptr++)
6f2d5cbc 2022 if (!NATIVE_BYTE_IS_INVARIANT(*from_ptr)) break;
f337b084
TH
2023 if (from_ptr == from_end) {
2024 /* Simple case: no character needs to be changed */
2025 SvUTF8_on(sv);
2026 return;
2027 }
2028
3473cf63 2029 len = (from_end-from_ptr)*UTF8_EXPAND+(from_ptr-from_start)+1;
a02a5408 2030 Newx(to_start, len, char);
f337b084
TH
2031 Copy(from_start, to_start, from_ptr-from_start, char);
2032 to_ptr = to_start + (from_ptr-from_start);
2033
a02a5408 2034 Newx(marks, sym_ptr->level+2, const char *);
f337b084
TH
2035 for (group=sym_ptr; group; group = group->previous)
2036 marks[group->level] = from_start + group->strbeg;
2037 marks[sym_ptr->level+1] = from_end+1;
2038 for (m = marks; *m < from_ptr; m++)
2039 *m = to_start + (*m-from_start);
2040
2041 for (;from_ptr < from_end; from_ptr++) {
2042 while (*m == from_ptr) *m++ = to_ptr;
230e1fce 2043 to_ptr = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8((U8 *) to_ptr, *(U8 *) from_ptr);
f337b084
TH
2044 }
2045 *to_ptr = 0;
2046
2047 while (*m == from_ptr) *m++ = to_ptr;
2048 if (m != marks + sym_ptr->level+1) {
2049 Safefree(marks);
2050 Safefree(to_start);
5637ef5b
NC
2051 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: marks beyond string end, m=%p, marks=%p, "
2052 "level=%d", m, marks, sym_ptr->level);
f337b084
TH
2053 }
2054 for (group=sym_ptr; group; group = group->previous)
2055 group->strbeg = marks[group->level] - to_start;
2056 Safefree(marks);
2057
2058 if (SvOOK(sv)) {
2059 if (SvIVX(sv)) {
b162af07 2060 SvLEN_set(sv, SvLEN(sv) + SvIVX(sv));
f337b084
TH
2061 from_start -= SvIVX(sv);
2062 SvIV_set(sv, 0);
2063 }
2064 SvFLAGS(sv) &= ~SVf_OOK;
2065 }
2066 if (SvLEN(sv) != 0)
2067 Safefree(from_start);
f880fe2f 2068 SvPV_set(sv, to_start);
b162af07
SP
2069 SvCUR_set(sv, to_ptr - to_start);
2070 SvLEN_set(sv, len);
f337b084
TH
2071 SvUTF8_on(sv);
2072}
2073
2074/* Exponential string grower. Makes string extension effectively O(n)
2075 needed says how many extra bytes we need (not counting the final '\0')
2076 Only grows the string if there is an actual lack of space
2077*/
2078STATIC char *
0bd48802 2079S_sv_exp_grow(pTHX_ SV *sv, STRLEN needed) {
f7fe979e
AL
2080 const STRLEN cur = SvCUR(sv);
2081 const STRLEN len = SvLEN(sv);
f337b084 2082 STRLEN extend;
7918f24d
NC
2083
2084 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SV_EXP_GROW;
2085
f337b084
TH
2086 if (len - cur > needed) return SvPVX(sv);
2087 extend = needed > len ? needed : len;
2088 return SvGROW(sv, len+extend+1);
2089}
49704364 2090
354b74ae 2091static void
b197e565 2092S_sv_check_infnan(pTHX_ SV *sv, I32 datumtype)
354b74ae
FC
2093{
2094 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
99f450cc 2095 if (UNLIKELY(isinfnansv(sv))) {
354b74ae
FC
2096 const I32 c = TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype);
2097 const NV nv = SvNV_nomg(sv);
2098 if (c == 'w')
2099 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress %"NVgf" in pack", nv);
2100 else
2101 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot pack %"NVgf" with '%c'", nv, (int) c);
2102 }
2103}
2104
b197e565
FC
2105#define SvIV_no_inf(sv,d) (S_sv_check_infnan(aTHX_ sv,d), SvIV_nomg(sv))
2106#define SvUV_no_inf(sv,d) (S_sv_check_infnan(aTHX_ sv,d), SvUV_nomg(sv))
354b74ae 2107
49704364
WL
2108STATIC
2109SV **
f337b084 2110S_pack_rec(pTHX_ SV *cat, tempsym_t* symptr, SV **beglist, SV **endlist )
49704364 2111{
49704364 2112 tempsym_t lookahead;
f337b084
TH
2113 I32 items = endlist - beglist;
2114 bool found = next_symbol(symptr);
2115 bool utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_PARSE_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
041457d9 2116 bool warn_utf8 = ckWARN(WARN_UTF8);
81d52ecd 2117 char* from;
f337b084 2118
7918f24d
NC
2119 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACK_REC;
2120
f337b084
TH
2121 if (symptr->level == 0 && found && symptr->code == 'U') {
2122 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2123 symptr->flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2124 utf8 = 0;
49704364 2125 }
f337b084 2126 symptr->strbeg = SvCUR(cat);
49704364
WL
2127
2128 while (found) {
f337b084
TH
2129 SV *fromstr;
2130 STRLEN fromlen;
2131 I32 len;
a0714e2c 2132 SV *lengthcode = NULL;
49704364 2133 I32 datumtype = symptr->code;
f337b084
TH
2134 howlen_t howlen = symptr->howlen;
2135 char *start = SvPVX(cat);
2136 char *cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
a1219b5e 2137 bool needs_swap;
49704364 2138
f337b084 2139#define NEXTFROM (lengthcode ? lengthcode : items-- > 0 ? *beglist++ : &PL_sv_no)
0c7df902 2140#define PEEKFROM (lengthcode ? lengthcode : items > 0 ? *beglist : &PL_sv_no)
f337b084
TH
2141
2142 switch (howlen) {
fc241834 2143 case e_star:
f337b084
TH
2144 len = strchr("@Xxu", TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype)) ?
2145 0 : items;
2146 break;
2147 default:
2148 /* e_no_len and e_number */
2149 len = symptr->length;
49704364
WL
2150 break;
2151 }
2152
f337b084 2153 if (len) {
a7a3cfaa 2154 packprops_t props = packprops[TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)];
f337b084 2155
a7a3cfaa
TH
2156 if (props && !(props & PACK_SIZE_UNPREDICTABLE)) {
2157 /* We can process this letter. */
2158 STRLEN size = props & PACK_SIZE_MASK;
2159 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, (STRLEN) len * size);
2160 }
f337b084
TH
2161 }
2162
49704364
WL
2163 /* Look ahead for next symbol. Do we have code/code? */
2164 lookahead = *symptr;
2165 found = next_symbol(&lookahead);
246f24af
TH
2166 if (symptr->flags & FLAG_SLASH) {
2167 IV count;
f337b084 2168 if (!found) Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Code missing after '/' in pack");
246f24af
TH
2169 if (strchr("aAZ", lookahead.code)) {
2170 if (lookahead.howlen == e_number) count = lookahead.length;
2171 else {
ce399ba6 2172 if (items > 0) {
48a5da33 2173 count = sv_len_utf8(*beglist);
ce399ba6 2174 }
246f24af
TH
2175 else count = 0;
2176 if (lookahead.code == 'Z') count++;
2177 }
2178 } else {
2179 if (lookahead.howlen == e_number && lookahead.length < items)
2180 count = lookahead.length;
2181 else count = items;
2182 }
2183 lookahead.howlen = e_number;
2184 lookahead.length = count;
2185 lengthcode = sv_2mortal(newSViv(count));
a6ec74c1 2186 }
49704364 2187
a1219b5e
NC
2188 needs_swap = NEEDS_SWAP(datumtype);
2189
fc241834
RGS
2190 /* Code inside the switch must take care to properly update
2191 cat (CUR length and '\0' termination) if it updated *cur and
f337b084 2192 doesn't simply leave using break */
0c7df902 2193 switch (TYPE_NO_ENDIANNESS(datumtype)) {
a6ec74c1 2194 default:
f337b084
TH
2195 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Invalid type '%c' in pack",
2196 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
a6ec74c1 2197 case '%':
49704364 2198 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%%' may not be used in pack");
81d52ecd 2199
28be1210 2200 case '.' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
28be1210
TH
2201 case '.':
2202 if (howlen == e_star) from = start;
2203 else if (len == 0) from = cur;
2204 else {
2205 tempsym_t *group = symptr;
2206
2207 while (--len && group) group = group->previous;
2208 from = group ? start + group->strbeg : start;
2209 }
2210 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2211 len = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
28be1210 2212 goto resize;
28be1210 2213 case '@' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2214 case '@':
28be1210
TH
2215 from = start + symptr->strbeg;
2216 resize:
28be1210 2217 if (utf8 && !(datumtype & TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING))
28be1210
TH
2218 if (len >= 0) {
2219 while (len && from < cur) {
2220 from += UTF8SKIP(from);
2221 len--;
2222 }
2223 if (from > cur)
2224 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2225 if (len) {
2226 /* Here we know from == cur */
2227 grow:
2228 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2229 Zero(cur, len, char);
2230 cur += len;
2231 } else if (from < cur) {
2232 len = cur - from;
2233 goto shrink;
2234 } else goto no_change;
2235 } else {
2236 cur = from;
2237 len = -len;
2238 goto utf8_shrink;
f337b084 2239 }
28be1210
TH
2240 else {
2241 len -= cur - from;
f337b084 2242 if (len > 0) goto grow;
28be1210 2243 if (len == 0) goto no_change;
fc241834 2244 len = -len;
28be1210 2245 goto shrink;
f337b084 2246 }
a6ec74c1 2247 break;
81d52ecd 2248
fc241834 2249 case '(': {
49704364 2250 tempsym_t savsym = *symptr;
66c611c5
MHM
2251 U32 group_modifiers = TYPE_MODIFIERS(datumtype & ~symptr->flags);
2252 symptr->flags |= group_modifiers;
49704364
WL
2253 symptr->patend = savsym.grpend;
2254 symptr->level++;
f337b084 2255 symptr->previous = &lookahead;
18529408 2256 while (len--) {
f337b084
TH
2257 U32 was_utf8;
2258 if (utf8) symptr->flags |= FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
2259 else symptr->flags &= ~FLAG_PARSE_UTF8;
2260 was_utf8 = SvUTF8(cat);
49704364 2261 symptr->patptr = savsym.grpbeg;
f337b084
TH
2262 beglist = pack_rec(cat, symptr, beglist, endlist);
2263 if (SvUTF8(cat) != was_utf8)
2264 /* This had better be an upgrade while in utf8==0 mode */
2265 utf8 = 1;
2266
49704364 2267 if (savsym.howlen == e_star && beglist == endlist)
18529408
IZ
2268 break; /* No way to continue */
2269 }
ee790063 2270 items = endlist - beglist;
f337b084
TH
2271 lookahead.flags = symptr->flags & ~group_modifiers;
2272 goto no_change;
18529408 2273 }
62f95557
IZ
2274 case 'X' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
2275 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
2276 len = 1;
f337b084
TH
2277 if (utf8) {
2278 char *hop, *last;
2279 I32 l = len;
2280 hop = last = start;
2281 while (hop < cur) {
2282 hop += UTF8SKIP(hop);
2283 if (--l == 0) {
2284 last = hop;
2285 l = len;
2286 }
2287 }
2288 if (last > cur)
2289 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2290 cur = last;
2291 break;
2292 }
2293 len = (cur-start) % len;
924ba076 2294 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2295 case 'X':
f337b084
TH
2296 if (utf8) {
2297 if (len < 1) goto no_change;
28be1210 2298 utf8_shrink:
f337b084
TH
2299 while (len > 0) {
2300 if (cur <= start)
28be1210
TH
2301 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2302 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
f337b084
TH
2303 while (--cur, UTF8_IS_CONTINUATION(*cur)) {
2304 if (cur <= start)
28be1210
TH
2305 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2306 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
f337b084
TH
2307 }
2308 len--;
2309 }
2310 } else {
fc241834 2311 shrink:
f337b084 2312 if (cur - start < len)
28be1210
TH
2313 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%c' outside of string in pack",
2314 (int) TYPE_NO_MODIFIERS(datumtype));
f337b084
TH
2315 cur -= len;
2316 }
2317 if (cur < start+symptr->strbeg) {
2318 /* Make sure group starts don't point into the void */
2319 tempsym_t *group;
9e27e96a 2320 const STRLEN length = cur-start;
f337b084
TH
2321 for (group = symptr;
2322 group && length < group->strbeg;
2323 group = group->previous) group->strbeg = length;
2324 lookahead.strbeg = length;
2325 }
a6ec74c1 2326 break;
fc241834
RGS
2327 case 'x' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING: {
2328 I32 ai32;
62f95557
IZ
2329 if (!len) /* Avoid division by 0 */
2330 len = 1;
230e1fce 2331 if (utf8) ai32 = utf8_length((U8 *) start, (U8 *) cur) % len;
fc241834
RGS
2332 else ai32 = (cur - start) % len;
2333 if (ai32 == 0) goto no_change;
2334 len -= ai32;
2335 }
924ba076 2336 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2337 case 'x':
f337b084 2338 goto grow;
a6ec74c1
JH
2339 case 'A':
2340 case 'Z':
f337b084 2341 case 'a': {
f7fe979e 2342 const char *aptr;
f337b084 2343
a6ec74c1 2344 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
e62f0680 2345 aptr = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
f337b084 2346 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
f7fe979e 2347 const char *end, *s;
f337b084
TH
2348
2349 if (!utf8 && !SvUTF8(cat)) {
2350 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2351 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2352 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2353 utf8 = 1;
2354 start = SvPVX(cat);
2355 cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2356 }
fc241834 2357 if (howlen == e_star) {
f337b084
TH
2358 if (utf8) goto string_copy;
2359 len = fromlen+1;
2360 }
2361 s = aptr;
2362 end = aptr + fromlen;
2363 fromlen = datumtype == 'Z' ? len-1 : len;
2364 while ((I32) fromlen > 0 && s < end) {
2365 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
2366 fromlen--;
2367 }
2368 if (s > end)
2369 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Malformed UTF-8 string in pack");
2370 if (utf8) {
fc241834 2371 len = fromlen;
f337b084
TH
2372 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2373 fromlen = s-aptr;
2374 len += fromlen;
fc241834 2375
f337b084 2376 goto string_copy;
fc241834 2377 }
f337b084
TH
2378 fromlen = len - fromlen;
2379 if (datumtype == 'Z') fromlen--;
2380 if (howlen == e_star) {
2381 len = fromlen;
2382 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
fc241834 2383 }
f337b084 2384 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
fc241834 2385 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &aptr, end, cur, fromlen,
f337b084 2386 datumtype | TYPE_IS_PACK))
5637ef5b
NC
2387 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: predicted utf8 length not available, "
2388 "for '%c', aptr=%p end=%p cur=%p, fromlen=%"UVuf,
2389 (int)datumtype, aptr, end, cur, (UV)fromlen);
f337b084 2390 cur += fromlen;
a6ec74c1 2391 len -= fromlen;
f337b084
TH
2392 } else if (utf8) {
2393 if (howlen == e_star) {
2394 len = fromlen;
2395 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
a6ec74c1 2396 }
f337b084
TH
2397 if (len <= (I32) fromlen) {
2398 fromlen = len;
2399 if (datumtype == 'Z' && fromlen > 0) fromlen--;
2400 }
fc241834 2401 /* assumes a byte expands to at most UTF8_EXPAND bytes on
3473cf63
RGS
2402 upgrade, so:
2403 expected_length <= from_len*UTF8_EXPAND + (len-from_len) */
2404 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, fromlen*(UTF8_EXPAND-1)+len);
f337b084
TH
2405 len -= fromlen;
2406 while (fromlen > 0) {
230e1fce 2407 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8((U8 *) cur, * (U8 *) aptr);
f337b084
TH
2408 aptr++;
2409 fromlen--;
fc241834 2410 }
f337b084
TH
2411 } else {
2412 string_copy:
2413 if (howlen == e_star) {
2414 len = fromlen;
2415 if (datumtype == 'Z') len++;
2416 }
2417 if (len <= (I32) fromlen) {
2418 fromlen = len;
2419 if (datumtype == 'Z' && fromlen > 0) fromlen--;
a6ec74c1 2420 }
f337b084
TH
2421 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len);
2422 Copy(aptr, cur, fromlen, char);
2423 cur += fromlen;
2424 len -= fromlen;
a6ec74c1 2425 }
f337b084
TH
2426 memset(cur, datumtype == 'A' ? ' ' : '\0', len);
2427 cur += len;
3c4fb04a 2428 SvTAINT(cat);
a6ec74c1 2429 break;
f337b084 2430 }
a6ec74c1 2431 case 'B':
f337b084 2432 case 'b': {
b83604b4 2433 const char *str, *end;
f337b084
TH
2434 I32 l, field_len;
2435 U8 bits;
2436 bool utf8_source;
2437 U32 utf8_flags;
a6ec74c1 2438
fc241834 2439 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
b83604b4 2440 str = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
f337b084
TH
2441 end = str + fromlen;
2442 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2443 utf8_source = TRUE;
041457d9 2444 utf8_flags = warn_utf8 ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
f337b084
TH
2445 } else {
2446 utf8_source = FALSE;
2447 utf8_flags = 0; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
2448 }
2449 if (howlen == e_star) len = fromlen;
2450 field_len = (len+7)/8;
2451 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, field_len);
2452 if (len > (I32)fromlen) len = fromlen;
2453 bits = 0;
2454 l = 0;
2455 if (datumtype == 'B')
2456 while (l++ < len) {
2457 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2458 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH
2459 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2460 bits |= val & 1;
2461 } else bits |= *str++ & 1;
2462 if (l & 7) bits <<= 1;
fc241834 2463 else {
f337b084
TH
2464 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2465 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1
JH
2466 }
2467 }
f337b084
TH
2468 else
2469 /* datumtype == 'b' */
2470 while (l++ < len) {
2471 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2472 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH
2473 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2474 if (val & 1) bits |= 0x80;
2475 } else if (*str++ & 1)
2476 bits |= 0x80;
2477 if (l & 7) bits >>= 1;
fc241834 2478 else {
f337b084
TH
2479 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2480 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1
JH
2481 }
2482 }
f337b084
TH
2483 l--;
2484 if (l & 7) {
fc241834 2485 if (datumtype == 'B')
f337b084 2486 bits <<= 7 - (l & 7);
fc241834 2487 else
f337b084
TH
2488 bits >>= 7 - (l & 7);
2489 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2490 l += 7;
a6ec74c1 2491 }
f337b084
TH
2492 /* Determine how many chars are left in the requested field */
2493 l /= 8;
2494 if (howlen == e_star) field_len = 0;
2495 else field_len -= l;
2496 Zero(cur, field_len, char);
2497 cur += field_len;
a6ec74c1 2498 break;
f337b084 2499 }
a6ec74c1 2500 case 'H':
f337b084 2501 case 'h': {
10516c54 2502 const char *str, *end;
f337b084
TH
2503 I32 l, field_len;
2504 U8 bits;
2505 bool utf8_source;
2506 U32 utf8_flags;
a6ec74c1 2507
fc241834 2508 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
10516c54 2509 str = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
f337b084
TH
2510 end = str + fromlen;
2511 if (DO_UTF8(fromstr)) {
2512 utf8_source = TRUE;
041457d9 2513 utf8_flags = warn_utf8 ? 0 : UTF8_ALLOW_ANY;
f337b084
TH
2514 } else {
2515 utf8_source = FALSE;
2516 utf8_flags = 0; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
2517 }
2518 if (howlen == e_star) len = fromlen;
2519 field_len = (len+1)/2;
2520 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, field_len);
2521 if (!utf8 && len > (I32)fromlen) len = fromlen;
2522 bits = 0;
2523 l = 0;
2524 if (datumtype == 'H')
2525 while (l++ < len) {
2526 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2527 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH
2528 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2529 if (val < 256 && isALPHA(val))
2530 bits |= (val + 9) & 0xf;
a6ec74c1 2531 else
f337b084
TH
2532 bits |= val & 0xf;
2533 } else if (isALPHA(*str))
2534 bits |= (*str++ + 9) & 0xf;
2535 else
2536 bits |= *str++ & 0xf;
2537 if (l & 1) bits <<= 4;
fc241834 2538 else {
f337b084
TH
2539 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2540 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1
JH
2541 }
2542 }
f337b084
TH
2543 else
2544 while (l++ < len) {
2545 if (utf8_source) {
95b63a38 2546 UV val = 0;
f337b084
TH
2547 NEXT_UNI_VAL(val, cur, str, end, utf8_flags);
2548 if (val < 256 && isALPHA(val))
2549 bits |= ((val + 9) & 0xf) << 4;
a6ec74c1 2550 else
f337b084
TH
2551 bits |= (val & 0xf) << 4;
2552 } else if (isALPHA(*str))
2553 bits |= ((*str++ + 9) & 0xf) << 4;
2554 else
2555 bits |= (*str++ & 0xf) << 4;
2556 if (l & 1) bits >>= 4;
fc241834 2557 else {
f337b084
TH
2558 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2559 bits = 0;
a6ec74c1 2560 }
fc241834 2561 }
f337b084
TH
2562 l--;
2563 if (l & 1) {
2564 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, bits);
2565 l++;
2566 }
2567 /* Determine how many chars are left in the requested field */
2568 l /= 2;
2569 if (howlen == e_star) field_len = 0;
2570 else field_len -= l;
2571 Zero(cur, field_len, char);
2572 cur += field_len;
2573 break;
fc241834
RGS
2574 }
2575 case 'c':
f337b084
TH
2576 while (len-- > 0) {
2577 IV aiv;
2578 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2579 aiv = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
a2a5de95
NC
2580 if ((-128 > aiv || aiv > 127))
2581 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2582 "Character in 'c' format wrapped in pack");
585ec06d 2583 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, (U8)(aiv & 0xff));
a6ec74c1
JH
2584 }
2585 break;
2586 case 'C':
f337b084
TH
2587 if (len == 0) {
2588 utf8 = (symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8) ? 1 : 0;
2589 break;
2590 }
a6ec74c1 2591 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2592 IV aiv;
a6ec74c1 2593 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2594 aiv = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
a2a5de95
NC
2595 if ((0 > aiv || aiv > 0xff))
2596 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2597 "Character in 'C' format wrapped in pack");
1651fc44 2598 PUSH_BYTE(utf8, cur, (U8)(aiv & 0xff));
f337b084 2599 }
fc241834
RGS
2600 break;
2601 case 'W': {
2602 char *end;
670f1322 2603 U8 in_bytes = (U8)IN_BYTES;
fc241834
RGS
2604
2605 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-1;
2606 if (utf8) end -= UTF8_MAXLEN-1;
2607 while (len-- > 0) {
2608 UV auv;
2609 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2610 auv = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
fc241834
RGS
2611 if (in_bytes) auv = auv % 0x100;
2612 if (utf8) {
2613 W_utf8:
2614 if (cur > end) {
2615 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2616 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS
2617
2618 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+UTF8_MAXLEN);
2619 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2620 }
c80e42f3
KW
2621 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) cur,
2622 auv,
041457d9 2623 warn_utf8 ?
230e1fce 2624 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
fc241834
RGS
2625 } else {
2626 if (auv >= 0x100) {
2627 if (!SvUTF8(cat)) {
2628 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2629 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS
2630 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2631 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2632 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2633 utf8 = 1;
2634 start = SvPVX(cat);
2635 cur = start + SvCUR(cat);
2636 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2637 goto W_utf8;
2638 }
a2a5de95
NC
2639 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
2640 "Character in 'W' format wrapped in pack");
fc241834
RGS
2641 auv &= 0xff;
2642 }
2643 if (cur >= end) {
2644 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2645 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS
2646 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+1);
2647 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-1;
2648 }
fe2774ed 2649 *(U8 *) cur++ = (U8)auv;
a6ec74c1
JH
2650 }
2651 }
2652 break;
fc241834
RGS
2653 }
2654 case 'U': {
2655 char *end;
2656
2657 if (len == 0) {
2658 if (!(symptr->flags & FLAG_DO_UTF8)) {
2659 marked_upgrade(aTHX_ cat, symptr);
2660 lookahead.flags |= FLAG_DO_UTF8;
2661 lookahead.strbeg = symptr->strbeg;
2662 }
2663 utf8 = 0;
2664 goto no_change;
2665 }
2666
2667 end = start+SvLEN(cat);
2668 if (!utf8) end -= UTF8_MAXLEN;
a6ec74c1 2669 while (len-- > 0) {
fc241834 2670 UV auv;
a6ec74c1 2671 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2672 auv = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
fc241834 2673 if (utf8) {
230e1fce 2674 U8 buffer[UTF8_MAXLEN], *endb;
3ece276e 2675 endb = uvchr_to_utf8_flags(buffer, UNI_TO_NATIVE(auv),
041457d9 2676 warn_utf8 ?
fc241834
RGS
2677 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
2678 if (cur+(endb-buffer)*UTF8_EXPAND >= end) {
2679 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2680 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS
2681 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur,
2682 len+(endb-buffer)*UTF8_EXPAND);
2683 end = start+SvLEN(cat);
2684 }
3a88beaa 2685 cur = S_bytes_to_uni(buffer, endb-buffer, cur, 0);
fc241834
RGS
2686 } else {
2687 if (cur >= end) {
2688 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2689 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
fc241834
RGS
2690 GROWING(0, cat, start, cur, len+UTF8_MAXLEN);
2691 end = start+SvLEN(cat)-UTF8_MAXLEN;
2692 }
3ece276e 2693 cur = (char *) uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8 *) cur, UNI_TO_NATIVE(auv),
041457d9 2694 warn_utf8 ?
230e1fce 2695 0 : UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
fc241834 2696 }
a6ec74c1 2697 }
a6ec74c1 2698 break;
fc241834 2699 }
a6ec74c1
JH
2700 /* Float and double added by gnb@melba.bby.oz.au 22/11/89 */
2701 case 'f':
a6ec74c1 2702 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084
TH
2703 float afloat;
2704 NV anv;
a6ec74c1 2705 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
f337b084 2706 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
85bba25f 2707# if defined(VMS) && !defined(_IEEE_FP)
f337b084 2708 /* IEEE fp overflow shenanigans are unavailable on VAX and optional
fc241834
RGS
2709 * on Alpha; fake it if we don't have them.
2710 */
f337b084 2711 if (anv > FLT_MAX)
fc241834 2712 afloat = FLT_MAX;
f337b084 2713 else if (anv < -FLT_MAX)
fc241834 2714 afloat = -FLT_MAX;
f337b084 2715 else afloat = (float)anv;
baf3cf9c 2716# else
f337b084 2717 afloat = (float)anv;
baf3cf9c 2718# endif
3a88beaa 2719 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, afloat, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2720 }
2721 break;
2722 case 'd':
a6ec74c1 2723 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084
TH
2724 double adouble;
2725 NV anv;
a6ec74c1 2726 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
f337b084 2727 anv = SvNV(fromstr);
85bba25f 2728# if defined(VMS) && !defined(_IEEE_FP)
f337b084 2729 /* IEEE fp overflow shenanigans are unavailable on VAX and optional
fc241834
RGS
2730 * on Alpha; fake it if we don't have them.
2731 */
f337b084 2732 if (anv > DBL_MAX)
fc241834 2733 adouble = DBL_MAX;
f337b084 2734 else if (anv < -DBL_MAX)
fc241834 2735 adouble = -DBL_MAX;
f337b084 2736 else adouble = (double)anv;
baf3cf9c 2737# else
f337b084 2738 adouble = (double)anv;
baf3cf9c 2739# endif
3a88beaa 2740 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, adouble, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2741 }
2742 break;
fc241834 2743 case 'F': {
275663fa 2744 NV_bytes anv;
1109a392 2745 Zero(&anv, 1, NV); /* can be long double with unused bits */
92d41999
JH
2746 while (len-- > 0) {
2747 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
cd07c537
DM
2748#ifdef __GNUC__
2749 /* to work round a gcc/x86 bug; don't use SvNV */
2750 anv.nv = sv_2nv(fromstr);
2751#else
275663fa 2752 anv.nv = SvNV(fromstr);
cd07c537 2753#endif
3a88beaa 2754 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, anv.bytes, sizeof(anv.bytes), needs_swap);
92d41999
JH
2755 }
2756 break;
fc241834 2757 }
92d41999 2758#if defined(HAS_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE)
fc241834 2759 case 'D': {
275663fa 2760 ld_bytes aldouble;
1109a392
MHM
2761 /* long doubles can have unused bits, which may be nonzero */
2762 Zero(&aldouble, 1, long double);
92d41999
JH
2763 while (len-- > 0) {
2764 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
cd07c537
DM
2765# ifdef __GNUC__
2766 /* to work round a gcc/x86 bug; don't use SvNV */
2767 aldouble.ld = (long double)sv_2nv(fromstr);
2768# else
275663fa 2769 aldouble.ld = (long double)SvNV(fromstr);
cd07c537 2770# endif
3a88beaa
NC
2771 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, aldouble.bytes, sizeof(aldouble.bytes),
2772 needs_swap);
92d41999
JH
2773 }
2774 break;
fc241834 2775 }
92d41999 2776#endif
068bd2e7 2777 case 'n' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH
2778 case 'n':
2779 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2780 I16 ai16;
a6ec74c1 2781 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2782 ai16 = (I16)SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
ef108786 2783 ai16 = PerlSock_htons(ai16);
3a88beaa 2784 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH
2785 }
2786 break;
068bd2e7 2787 case 'v' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH
2788 case 'v':
2789 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2790 I16 ai16;
a6ec74c1 2791 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2792 ai16 = (I16)SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
ef108786 2793 ai16 = htovs(ai16);
3a88beaa 2794 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH
2795 }
2796 break;
49704364 2797 case 'S' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2798#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
fc241834 2799 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2800 unsigned short aushort;
fc241834 2801 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2802 aushort = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2803 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aushort, needs_swap);
fc241834 2804 }
49704364
WL
2805 break;
2806#else
924ba076 2807 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2808#endif
49704364 2809 case 'S':
fc241834 2810 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2811 U16 au16;
fc241834 2812 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2813 au16 = (U16)SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2814 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &au16, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2815 }
2816 break;
49704364 2817 case 's' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2818#if SHORTSIZE != SIZE16
fc241834 2819 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2820 short ashort;
fc241834 2821 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2822 ashort = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2823 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, ashort, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1 2824 }
49704364
WL
2825 break;
2826#else
924ba076 2827 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1 2828#endif
49704364
WL
2829 case 's':
2830 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2831 I16 ai16;
49704364 2832 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2833 ai16 = (I16)SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2834 PUSH16(utf8, cur, &ai16, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2835 }
2836 break;
2837 case 'I':
49704364 2838 case 'I' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2839 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2840 unsigned int auint;
a6ec74c1 2841 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2842 auint = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2843 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auint, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2844 }
2845 break;
92d41999
JH
2846 case 'j':
2847 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2848 IV aiv;
92d41999 2849 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2850 aiv = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2851 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aiv, needs_swap);
92d41999
JH
2852 }
2853 break;
2854 case 'J':
2855 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2856 UV auv;
92d41999 2857 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2858 auv = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2859 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auv, needs_swap);
92d41999
JH
2860 }
2861 break;
a6ec74c1
JH
2862 case 'w':
2863 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2864 NV anv;
a6ec74c1 2865 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
83388ae2 2866 S_sv_check_infnan(aTHX_ fromstr, datumtype);
354b74ae 2867 anv = SvNV_nomg(fromstr);
a6ec74c1 2868
f337b084
TH
2869 if (anv < 0) {
2870 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 2871 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
49704364 2872 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress negative numbers in pack");
f337b084 2873 }
a6ec74c1 2874
196b62db
NC
2875 /* 0xFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF may cast to 18446744073709551616.0,
2876 which is == UV_MAX_P1. IOK is fine (instead of UV_only), as
2877 any negative IVs will have already been got by the croak()
2878 above. IOK is untrue for fractions, so we test them
2879 against UV_MAX_P1. */
f337b084
TH
2880 if (SvIOK(fromstr) || anv < UV_MAX_P1) {
2881 char buf[(sizeof(UV)*CHAR_BIT)/7+1];
a6ec74c1 2882 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
1e9a122e 2883 UV auv = SvUV_nomg(fromstr);
a6ec74c1
JH
2884
2885 do {
eb160463 2886 *--in = (char)((auv & 0x7f) | 0x80);
a6ec74c1
JH
2887 auv >>= 7;
2888 } while (auv);
2889 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
f337b084
TH
2890 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2891 in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
2892 } else if (SvPOKp(fromstr))
2893 goto w_string;
a6ec74c1 2894 else if (SvNOKp(fromstr)) {
0258719b 2895 /* 10**NV_MAX_10_EXP is the largest power of 10
486ec47a 2896 so 10**(NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) is definitely unrepresentable
0258719b
NC
2897 given 10**(NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) == 128 ** x solve for x:
2898 x = (NV_MAX_10_EXP+1) * log (10) / log (128)
2899 And with that many bytes only Inf can overflow.
8f8d40ab
PG
2900 Some C compilers are strict about integral constant
2901 expressions so we conservatively divide by a slightly
2902 smaller integer instead of multiplying by the exact
2903 floating-point value.
0258719b
NC
2904 */
2905#ifdef NV_MAX_10_EXP
f337b084 2906 /* char buf[1 + (int)((NV_MAX_10_EXP + 1) * 0.47456)]; -- invalid C */
8f8d40ab 2907 char buf[1 + (int)((NV_MAX_10_EXP + 1) / 2)]; /* valid C */
0258719b 2908#else
f337b084 2909 /* char buf[1 + (int)((308 + 1) * 0.47456)]; -- invalid C */
8f8d40ab 2910 char buf[1 + (int)((308 + 1) / 2)]; /* valid C */
0258719b 2911#endif
a6ec74c1
JH
2912 char *in = buf + sizeof(buf);
2913
8b6e33c7 2914 anv = Perl_floor(anv);
a6ec74c1 2915 do {
8b6e33c7 2916 const NV next = Perl_floor(anv / 128);
a6ec74c1 2917 if (in <= buf) /* this cannot happen ;-) */
0c7df902 2918 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Cannot compress integer in pack");
0258719b 2919 *--in = (unsigned char)(anv - (next * 128)) | 0x80;
15e9f109
NC
2920 anv = next;
2921 } while (anv > 0);
a6ec74c1 2922 buf[sizeof(buf) - 1] &= 0x7f; /* clear continue bit */
f337b084
TH
2923 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2924 in, (buf + sizeof(buf)) - in);
2925 } else {
8b6e33c7
AL
2926 const char *from;
2927 char *result, *in;
735b914b
JH
2928 SV *norm;
2929 STRLEN len;
2930 bool done;
2931
f337b084 2932 w_string:
735b914b 2933 /* Copy string and check for compliance */
1e9a122e 2934 from = SvPV_nomg_const(fromstr, len);
735b914b 2935 if ((norm = is_an_int(from, len)) == NULL)
49704364 2936 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can only compress unsigned integers in pack");
735b914b 2937
a02a5408 2938 Newx(result, len, char);
735b914b
JH
2939 in = result + len;
2940 done = FALSE;
f337b084 2941 while (!done) *--in = div128(norm, &done) | 0x80;
735b914b 2942 result[len - 1] &= 0x7F; /* clear continue bit */
f337b084
TH
2943 PUSH_GROWING_BYTES(utf8, cat, start, cur,
2944 in, (result + len) - in);
735b914b
JH
2945 Safefree(result);
2946 SvREFCNT_dec(norm); /* free norm */
fc241834 2947 }
a6ec74c1
JH
2948 }
2949 break;
2950 case 'i':
49704364 2951 case 'i' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2952 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2953 int aint;
a6ec74c1 2954 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2955 aint = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2956 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aint, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2957 }
2958 break;
068bd2e7 2959 case 'N' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH
2960 case 'N':
2961 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2962 U32 au32;
a6ec74c1 2963 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2964 au32 = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
ef108786 2965 au32 = PerlSock_htonl(au32);
3a88beaa 2966 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH
2967 }
2968 break;
068bd2e7 2969 case 'V' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1
JH
2970 case 'V':
2971 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2972 U32 au32;
a6ec74c1 2973 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2974 au32 = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
ef108786 2975 au32 = htovl(au32);
3a88beaa 2976 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32, FALSE);
a6ec74c1
JH
2977 }
2978 break;
49704364 2979 case 'L' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 2980#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
fc241834 2981 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2982 unsigned long aulong;
fc241834 2983 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2984 aulong = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2985 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aulong, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1 2986 }
49704364
WL
2987 break;
2988#else
2989 /* Fall though! */
a6ec74c1 2990#endif
49704364 2991 case 'L':
fc241834 2992 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 2993 U32 au32;
fc241834 2994 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 2995 au32 = SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 2996 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &au32, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
2997 }
2998 break;
49704364 2999 case 'l' | TYPE_IS_SHRIEKING:
a6ec74c1 3000#if LONGSIZE != SIZE32
fc241834 3001 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 3002 long along;
fc241834 3003 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 3004 along = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 3005 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, along, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1 3006 }
49704364
WL
3007 break;
3008#else
3009 /* Fall though! */
a6ec74c1 3010#endif
49704364
WL
3011 case 'l':
3012 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 3013 I32 ai32;
49704364 3014 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 3015 ai32 = SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 3016 PUSH32(utf8, cur, &ai32, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
3017 }
3018 break;
c174bf3b 3019#if defined(HAS_QUAD) && IVSIZE >= 8
a6ec74c1
JH
3020 case 'Q':
3021 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 3022 Uquad_t auquad;
a6ec74c1 3023 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 3024 auquad = (Uquad_t) SvUV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 3025 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, auquad, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
3026 }
3027 break;
3028 case 'q':
3029 while (len-- > 0) {
f337b084 3030 Quad_t aquad;
a6ec74c1 3031 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
354b74ae 3032 aquad = (Quad_t)SvIV_no_inf(fromstr, datumtype);
3a88beaa 3033 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aquad, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
3034 }
3035 break;
1640b983 3036#endif
a6ec74c1
JH
3037 case 'P':
3038 len = 1; /* assume SV is correct length */
f337b084 3039 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, sizeof(char *));
924ba076 3040 /* FALLTHROUGH */
a6ec74c1
JH
3041 case 'p':
3042 while (len-- > 0) {
83003860 3043 const char *aptr;
f337b084 3044
a6ec74c1 3045 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
28a4f200
TH
3046 SvGETMAGIC(fromstr);
3047 if (!SvOK(fromstr)) aptr = NULL;
a6ec74c1 3048 else {
a6ec74c1
JH
3049 /* XXX better yet, could spirit away the string to
3050 * a safe spot and hang on to it until the result
3051 * of pack() (and all copies of the result) are
3052 * gone.
3053 */
041457d9 3054 if ((SvTEMP(fromstr) || (SvPADTMP(fromstr) &&
a2a5de95
NC
3055 !SvREADONLY(fromstr)))) {
3056 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
3057 "Attempt to pack pointer to temporary value");
a6ec74c1
JH
3058 }
3059 if (SvPOK(fromstr) || SvNIOK(fromstr))
2596d9fe 3060 aptr = SvPV_nomg_const_nolen(fromstr);
a6ec74c1 3061 else
2596d9fe 3062 aptr = SvPV_force_flags_nolen(fromstr, 0);
a6ec74c1 3063 }
3a88beaa 3064 PUSH_VAR(utf8, cur, aptr, needs_swap);
a6ec74c1
JH
3065 }
3066 break;
fc241834 3067 case 'u': {
f7fe979e 3068 const char *aptr, *aend;
fc241834 3069 bool from_utf8;
f337b084 3070
a6ec74c1 3071 fromstr = NEXTFROM;
fc241834
RGS
3072 if (len <= 2) len = 45;
3073 else len = len / 3 * 3;
3074 if (len >= 64) {
a2a5de95
NC
3075 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PACK),
3076 "Field too wide in 'u' format in pack");
fc241834
RGS
3077 len = 63;
3078 }
83003860 3079 aptr = SvPV_const(fromstr, fromlen);
fc241834
RGS
3080 from_utf8 = DO_UTF8(fromstr);
3081 if (from_utf8) {
3082 aend = aptr + fromlen;
3f63b0e5 3083 fromlen = sv_len_utf8_nomg(fromstr);
fc241834
RGS
3084 } else aend = NULL; /* Unused, but keep compilers happy */
3085 GROWING(utf8, cat, start, cur, (fromlen+2) / 3 * 4 + (fromlen+len-1)/len * 2);
a6ec74c1 3086 while (fromlen > 0) {
fc241834 3087 U8 *end;
a6ec74c1 3088 I32 todo;
fc241834 3089 U8 hunk[1+63/3*4+1];
a6ec74c1 3090
eb160463 3091 if ((I32)fromlen > len)
a6ec74c1
JH
3092 todo = len;
3093 else
3094 todo = fromlen;
fc241834
RGS
3095 if (from_utf8) {
3096 char buffer[64];
3097 if (!uni_to_bytes(aTHX_ &aptr, aend, buffer, todo,
3098 'u' | TYPE_IS_PACK)) {
3099 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 3100 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
5637ef5b
NC
3101 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: string is shorter than advertised, "
3102 "aptr=%p, aend=%p, buffer=%p, todo=%ld",
3103 aptr, aend, buffer, (long) todo);
fc241834
RGS
3104 }
3105 end = doencodes(hunk, buffer, todo);
3106 } else {
3107 end = doencodes(hunk, aptr, todo);
3108 aptr += todo;
3109 }
3a88beaa 3110 PUSH_BYTES(utf8, cur, hunk, end-hunk, 0);
fc241834
RGS
3111 fromlen -= todo;
3112 }
a6ec74c1
JH
3113 break;
3114 }
f337b084
TH
3115 }
3116 *cur = '\0';
b162af07 3117 SvCUR_set(cat, cur - start);
f337b084 3118 no_change:
49704364 3119 *symptr = lookahead;
a6ec74c1 3120 }
49704364 3121 return beglist;
18529408
IZ
3122}
3123#undef NEXTFROM
3124
3125
3126PP(pp_pack)
3127{
20b7effb 3128 dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
eb578fdb 3129 SV *cat = TARG;
18529408 3130 STRLEN fromlen;
349d4f2f 3131 SV *pat_sv = *++MARK;
eb578fdb
KW
3132 const char *pat = SvPV_const(pat_sv, fromlen);
3133 const char *patend = pat + fromlen;
18529408
IZ
3134
3135 MARK++;
76f68e9b 3136 sv_setpvs(cat, "");
f337b084 3137 SvUTF8_off(cat);
18529408 3138
7accc089 3139 packlist(cat, pat, patend, MARK, SP + 1);
18529408 3140
a6ec74c1
JH
3141 SvSETMAGIC(cat);
3142 SP = ORIGMARK;
3143 PUSHs(cat);
3144 RETURN;
3145}
a6ec74c1 3146
73cb7263
NC
3147/*
3148 * Local variables:
3149 * c-indentation-style: bsd
3150 * c-basic-offset: 4
14d04a33 3151 * indent-tabs-mode: nil
73cb7263
NC
3152 * End:
3153 *
14d04a33 3154 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 et:
37442d52 3155 */