This is a live mirror of the Perl 5 development currently hosted at https://github.com/perl/perl5
ExtUtils::MakeMaker changes for perl5113delta.pod
[perl5.git] / pp.c
CommitLineData
a0d0e21e 1/* pp.c
79072805 2 *
1129b882
NC
3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
79072805 5 *
a0d0e21e
LW
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
79072805 8 *
a0d0e21e
LW
9 */
10
11/*
4ac71550
TC
12 * 'It's a big house this, and very peculiar. Always a bit more
13 * to discover, and no knowing what you'll find round a corner.
14 * And Elves, sir!' --Samwise Gamgee
15 *
16 * [p.225 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
a0d0e21e 17 */
79072805 18
166f8a29
DM
19/* This file contains general pp ("push/pop") functions that execute the
20 * opcodes that make up a perl program. A typical pp function expects to
21 * find its arguments on the stack, and usually pushes its results onto
22 * the stack, hence the 'pp' terminology. Each OP structure contains
23 * a pointer to the relevant pp_foo() function.
24 */
25
79072805 26#include "EXTERN.h"
864dbfa3 27#define PERL_IN_PP_C
79072805 28#include "perl.h"
77bc9082 29#include "keywords.h"
79072805 30
a4af207c
JH
31#include "reentr.h"
32
dfe9444c
AD
33/* XXX I can't imagine anyone who doesn't have this actually _needs_
34 it, since pid_t is an integral type.
35 --AD 2/20/1998
36*/
37#ifdef NEED_GETPID_PROTO
38extern Pid_t getpid (void);
8ac85365
NIS
39#endif
40
0630166f
SP
41/*
42 * Some BSDs and Cygwin default to POSIX math instead of IEEE.
43 * This switches them over to IEEE.
44 */
45#if defined(LIBM_LIB_VERSION)
46 _LIB_VERSION_TYPE _LIB_VERSION = _IEEE_;
47#endif
48
13017935
SM
49/* variations on pp_null */
50
93a17b20
LW
51PP(pp_stub)
52{
97aff369 53 dVAR;
39644a26 54 dSP;
54310121 55 if (GIMME_V == G_SCALAR)
3280af22 56 XPUSHs(&PL_sv_undef);
93a17b20
LW
57 RETURN;
58}
59
79072805
LW
60/* Pushy stuff. */
61
93a17b20
LW
62PP(pp_padav)
63{
97aff369 64 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
13017935 65 I32 gimme;
e190e9b4 66 assert(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVAV);
533c011a 67 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
a5911867
RGS
68 if (!(PL_op->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE))
69 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ));
85e6fe83 70 EXTEND(SP, 1);
533c011a 71 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF) {
85e6fe83 72 PUSHs(TARG);
93a17b20 73 RETURN;
78f9721b
SM
74 } else if (LVRET) {
75 if (GIMME == G_SCALAR)
76 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't return array to lvalue scalar context");
77 PUSHs(TARG);
78 RETURN;
85e6fe83 79 }
13017935
SM
80 gimme = GIMME_V;
81 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
502c6561 82 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(MUTABLE_AV(TARG)) + 1;
85e6fe83 83 EXTEND(SP, maxarg);
93965878
NIS
84 if (SvMAGICAL(TARG)) {
85 U32 i;
eb160463 86 for (i=0; i < (U32)maxarg; i++) {
502c6561 87 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(MUTABLE_AV(TARG), i, FALSE);
3280af22 88 SP[i+1] = (svp) ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
93965878
NIS
89 }
90 }
91 else {
502c6561 92 Copy(AvARRAY((const AV *)TARG), SP+1, maxarg, SV*);
93965878 93 }
85e6fe83
LW
94 SP += maxarg;
95 }
13017935 96 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
1b6737cc 97 SV* const sv = sv_newmortal();
502c6561 98 const I32 maxarg = AvFILL(MUTABLE_AV(TARG)) + 1;
85e6fe83
LW
99 sv_setiv(sv, maxarg);
100 PUSHs(sv);
101 }
102 RETURN;
93a17b20
LW
103}
104
105PP(pp_padhv)
106{
97aff369 107 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
54310121 108 I32 gimme;
109
e190e9b4 110 assert(SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVHV);
93a17b20 111 XPUSHs(TARG);
533c011a 112 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
a5911867
RGS
113 if (!(PL_op->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE))
114 SAVECLEARSV(PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ));
533c011a 115 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF)
93a17b20 116 RETURN;
78f9721b
SM
117 else if (LVRET) {
118 if (GIMME == G_SCALAR)
119 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't return hash to lvalue scalar context");
120 RETURN;
121 }
54310121 122 gimme = GIMME_V;
123 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
cea2e8a9 124 RETURNOP(do_kv());
85e6fe83 125 }
54310121 126 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
85fbaab2 127 SV* const sv = Perl_hv_scalar(aTHX_ MUTABLE_HV(TARG));
85e6fe83 128 SETs(sv);
85e6fe83 129 }
54310121 130 RETURN;
93a17b20
LW
131}
132
79072805
LW
133/* Translations. */
134
def89bff
NC
135const char S_no_symref_sv[] =
136 "Can't use string (\"%" SVf32 "\"%s) as %s ref while \"strict refs\" in use";
137
79072805
LW
138PP(pp_rv2gv)
139{
97aff369 140 dVAR; dSP; dTOPss;
8ec5e241 141
ed6116ce 142 if (SvROK(sv)) {
a0d0e21e 143 wasref:
f5284f61
IZ
144 tryAMAGICunDEREF(to_gv);
145
ed6116ce 146 sv = SvRV(sv);
b1dadf13 147 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVIO) {
159b6efe 148 GV * const gv = MUTABLE_GV(sv_newmortal());
b1dadf13 149 gv_init(gv, 0, "", 0, 0);
a45c7426 150 GvIOp(gv) = MUTABLE_IO(sv);
b37c2d43 151 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
ad64d0ec 152 sv = MUTABLE_SV(gv);
ef54e1a4 153 }
6e592b3a 154 else if (!isGV_with_GP(sv))
cea2e8a9 155 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a GLOB reference");
79072805
LW
156 }
157 else {
6e592b3a 158 if (!isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
a0d0e21e
LW
159 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
160 mg_get(sv);
161 if (SvROK(sv))
162 goto wasref;
163 }
afd1915d 164 if (!SvOK(sv) && sv != &PL_sv_undef) {
b13b2135 165 /* If this is a 'my' scalar and flag is set then vivify
853846ea 166 * NI-S 1999/05/07
b13b2135 167 */
ac53db4c 168 if (SvREADONLY(sv))
f1f66076 169 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_modify);
1d8d4d2a 170 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF) {
2c8ac474
GS
171 GV *gv;
172 if (cUNOP->op_targ) {
173 STRLEN len;
0bd48802
AL
174 SV * const namesv = PAD_SV(cUNOP->op_targ);
175 const char * const name = SvPV(namesv, len);
159b6efe 176 gv = MUTABLE_GV(newSV(0));
2c8ac474
GS
177 gv_init(gv, CopSTASH(PL_curcop), name, len, 0);
178 }
179 else {
0bd48802 180 const char * const name = CopSTASHPV(PL_curcop);
2c8ac474 181 gv = newGVgen(name);
1d8d4d2a 182 }
43230e26 183 prepare_SV_for_RV(sv);
ad64d0ec 184 SvRV_set(sv, MUTABLE_SV(gv));
853846ea 185 SvROK_on(sv);
1d8d4d2a 186 SvSETMAGIC(sv);
853846ea 187 goto wasref;
2c8ac474 188 }
533c011a
NIS
189 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF ||
190 PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
cea2e8a9 191 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, "a symbol");
599cee73 192 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
29489e7c 193 report_uninit(sv);
a0d0e21e
LW
194 RETSETUNDEF;
195 }
35cd451c
GS
196 if ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) &&
197 !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
198 {
ad64d0ec 199 SV * const temp = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv(sv, 0, SVt_PVGV));
7a5fd60d
NC
200 if (!temp
201 && (!is_gv_magical_sv(sv,0)
ad64d0ec
NC
202 || !(sv = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv(sv, GV_ADD,
203 SVt_PVGV))))) {
35cd451c 204 RETSETUNDEF;
c9d5ac95 205 }
7a5fd60d 206 sv = temp;
35cd451c
GS
207 }
208 else {
209 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS)
def89bff 210 DIE(aTHX_ S_no_symref_sv, sv, (SvCUR(sv)>32 ? "..." : ""), "a symbol");
e26df76a
NC
211 if ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpDONT_INIT_GV))
212 == OPpDONT_INIT_GV) {
213 /* We are the target of a coderef assignment. Return
214 the scalar unchanged, and let pp_sasssign deal with
215 things. */
216 RETURN;
217 }
ad64d0ec 218 sv = MUTABLE_SV(gv_fetchsv(sv, GV_ADD, SVt_PVGV));
35cd451c 219 }
93a17b20 220 }
79072805 221 }
533c011a 222 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
159b6efe 223 save_gp(MUTABLE_GV(sv), !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
79072805
LW
224 SETs(sv);
225 RETURN;
226}
227
dc3c76f8
NC
228/* Helper function for pp_rv2sv and pp_rv2av */
229GV *
fe9845cc
RB
230Perl_softref2xv(pTHX_ SV *const sv, const char *const what,
231 const svtype type, SV ***spp)
dc3c76f8
NC
232{
233 dVAR;
234 GV *gv;
235
7918f24d
NC
236 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SOFTREF2XV;
237
dc3c76f8
NC
238 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_STRICT_REFS) {
239 if (SvOK(sv))
def89bff 240 Perl_die(aTHX_ S_no_symref_sv, sv, (SvCUR(sv)>32 ? "..." : ""), what);
dc3c76f8
NC
241 else
242 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, what);
243 }
244 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
245 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_REF)
246 Perl_die(aTHX_ PL_no_usym, what);
247 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
248 report_uninit(sv);
249 if (type != SVt_PV && GIMME_V == G_ARRAY) {
250 (*spp)--;
251 return NULL;
252 }
253 **spp = &PL_sv_undef;
254 return NULL;
255 }
256 if ((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) &&
257 !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD))
258 {
81e3fc25 259 gv = gv_fetchsv(sv, 0, type);
dc3c76f8
NC
260 if (!gv
261 && (!is_gv_magical_sv(sv,0)
81e3fc25 262 || !(gv = gv_fetchsv(sv, GV_ADD, type))))
dc3c76f8
NC
263 {
264 **spp = &PL_sv_undef;
265 return NULL;
266 }
267 }
268 else {
81e3fc25 269 gv = gv_fetchsv(sv, GV_ADD, type);
dc3c76f8
NC
270 }
271 return gv;
272}
273
79072805
LW
274PP(pp_rv2sv)
275{
97aff369 276 dVAR; dSP; dTOPss;
c445ea15 277 GV *gv = NULL;
79072805 278
ed6116ce 279 if (SvROK(sv)) {
a0d0e21e 280 wasref:
f5284f61
IZ
281 tryAMAGICunDEREF(to_sv);
282
ed6116ce 283 sv = SvRV(sv);
79072805
LW
284 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
285 case SVt_PVAV:
286 case SVt_PVHV:
287 case SVt_PVCV:
cbae9b9f
YST
288 case SVt_PVFM:
289 case SVt_PVIO:
cea2e8a9 290 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a SCALAR reference");
42d0e0b7 291 default: NOOP;
79072805
LW
292 }
293 }
294 else {
159b6efe 295 gv = MUTABLE_GV(sv);
748a9306 296
6e592b3a 297 if (!isGV_with_GP(gv)) {
a0d0e21e
LW
298 if (SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
299 mg_get(sv);
300 if (SvROK(sv))
301 goto wasref;
302 }
dc3c76f8
NC
303 gv = Perl_softref2xv(aTHX_ sv, "a SCALAR", SVt_PV, &sp);
304 if (!gv)
305 RETURN;
463ee0b2 306 }
29c711a3 307 sv = GvSVn(gv);
a0d0e21e 308 }
533c011a 309 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD) {
82d03984
RGS
310 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
311 if (cUNOP->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL)
159b6efe 312 sv = save_scalar(MUTABLE_GV(TOPs));
82d03984
RGS
313 else if (gv)
314 sv = save_scalar(gv);
315 else
f1f66076 316 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_localize_ref);
82d03984 317 }
533c011a
NIS
318 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF)
319 vivify_ref(sv, PL_op->op_private & OPpDEREF);
79072805 320 }
a0d0e21e 321 SETs(sv);
79072805
LW
322 RETURN;
323}
324
325PP(pp_av2arylen)
326{
97aff369 327 dVAR; dSP;
502c6561 328 AV * const av = MUTABLE_AV(TOPs);
02d85cc3
EB
329 const I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
330 if (lvalue) {
331 SV ** const sv = Perl_av_arylen_p(aTHX_ MUTABLE_AV(av));
332 if (!*sv) {
333 *sv = newSV_type(SVt_PVMG);
334 sv_magic(*sv, MUTABLE_SV(av), PERL_MAGIC_arylen, NULL, 0);
335 }
336 SETs(*sv);
337 } else {
338 SETs(sv_2mortal(newSViv(
339 AvFILL(MUTABLE_AV(av)) + CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop)
340 )));
79072805 341 }
79072805
LW
342 RETURN;
343}
344
a0d0e21e
LW
345PP(pp_pos)
346{
97aff369 347 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; dPOPss;
8ec5e241 348
78f9721b 349 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET) {
5f05dabc 350 if (SvTYPE(TARG) < SVt_PVLV) {
351 sv_upgrade(TARG, SVt_PVLV);
c445ea15 352 sv_magic(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_pos, NULL, 0);
5f05dabc 353 }
354
355 LvTYPE(TARG) = '.';
6ff81951 356 if (LvTARG(TARG) != sv) {
cb39f75f 357 SvREFCNT_dec(LvTARG(TARG));
b37c2d43 358 LvTARG(TARG) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv);
6ff81951 359 }
a0d0e21e
LW
360 PUSHs(TARG); /* no SvSETMAGIC */
361 RETURN;
362 }
363 else {
a0d0e21e 364 if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PVMG && SvMAGIC(sv)) {
1b6737cc 365 const MAGIC * const mg = mg_find(sv, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global);
565764a8 366 if (mg && mg->mg_len >= 0) {
a0ed51b3 367 I32 i = mg->mg_len;
7e2040f0 368 if (DO_UTF8(sv))
a0ed51b3 369 sv_pos_b2u(sv, &i);
fc15ae8f 370 PUSHi(i + CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop));
a0d0e21e
LW
371 RETURN;
372 }
373 }
374 RETPUSHUNDEF;
375 }
376}
377
79072805
LW
378PP(pp_rv2cv)
379{
97aff369 380 dVAR; dSP;
79072805 381 GV *gv;
1eced8f8 382 HV *stash_unused;
c445ea15
AL
383 const I32 flags = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
384 ? 0
385 : ((PL_op->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT)) == OPpMAY_RETURN_CONSTANT)
386 ? GV_ADD|GV_NOEXPAND
387 : GV_ADD;
4633a7c4
LW
388 /* We usually try to add a non-existent subroutine in case of AUTOLOAD. */
389 /* (But not in defined().) */
e26df76a 390
1eced8f8 391 CV *cv = sv_2cv(TOPs, &stash_unused, &gv, flags);
07055b4c
CS
392 if (cv) {
393 if (CvCLONE(cv))
ad64d0ec 394 cv = MUTABLE_CV(sv_2mortal(MUTABLE_SV(cv_clone(cv))));
d32f2495
SC
395 if ((PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)) {
396 if (gv && GvCV(gv) == cv && (gv = gv_autoload4(GvSTASH(gv), GvNAME(gv), GvNAMELEN(gv), FALSE)))
397 cv = GvCV(gv);
398 if (!CvLVALUE(cv))
399 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't modify non-lvalue subroutine call");
400 }
07055b4c 401 }
e26df76a 402 else if ((flags == (GV_ADD|GV_NOEXPAND)) && gv && SvROK(gv)) {
ea726b52 403 cv = MUTABLE_CV(gv);
e26df76a 404 }
07055b4c 405 else
ea726b52 406 cv = MUTABLE_CV(&PL_sv_undef);
ad64d0ec 407 SETs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
79072805
LW
408 RETURN;
409}
410
c07a80fd 411PP(pp_prototype)
412{
97aff369 413 dVAR; dSP;
c07a80fd 414 CV *cv;
415 HV *stash;
416 GV *gv;
fabdb6c0 417 SV *ret = &PL_sv_undef;
c07a80fd 418
b6c543e3 419 if (SvPOK(TOPs) && SvCUR(TOPs) >= 7) {
e3f73d4e 420 const char * s = SvPVX_const(TOPs);
b6c543e3 421 if (strnEQ(s, "CORE::", 6)) {
5458a98a 422 const int code = keyword(s + 6, SvCUR(TOPs) - 6, 1);
b6c543e3
IZ
423 if (code < 0) { /* Overridable. */
424#define MAX_ARGS_OP ((sizeof(I32) - 1) * 2)
59b085e1 425 int i = 0, n = 0, seen_question = 0, defgv = 0;
b6c543e3
IZ
426 I32 oa;
427 char str[ MAX_ARGS_OP * 2 + 2 ]; /* One ';', one '\0' */
428
bdf1bb36 429 if (code == -KEY_chop || code == -KEY_chomp
f23102e2 430 || code == -KEY_exec || code == -KEY_system)
77bc9082 431 goto set;
d116c547 432 if (code == -KEY_mkdir) {
84bafc02 433 ret = newSVpvs_flags("_;$", SVs_TEMP);
d116c547
RGS
434 goto set;
435 }
7c8178a1
RGS
436 if (code == -KEY_keys || code == -KEY_values || code == -KEY_each) {
437 ret = newSVpvs_flags("\\[@%]", SVs_TEMP);
438 goto set;
439 }
e3f73d4e
RGS
440 if (code == -KEY_readpipe) {
441 s = "CORE::backtick";
442 }
b6c543e3 443 while (i < MAXO) { /* The slow way. */
22c35a8c
GS
444 if (strEQ(s + 6, PL_op_name[i])
445 || strEQ(s + 6, PL_op_desc[i]))
446 {
b6c543e3 447 goto found;
22c35a8c 448 }
b6c543e3
IZ
449 i++;
450 }
451 goto nonesuch; /* Should not happen... */
452 found:
59b085e1 453 defgv = PL_opargs[i] & OA_DEFGV;
22c35a8c 454 oa = PL_opargs[i] >> OASHIFT;
b6c543e3 455 while (oa) {
59b085e1 456 if (oa & OA_OPTIONAL && !seen_question && !defgv) {
b6c543e3
IZ
457 seen_question = 1;
458 str[n++] = ';';
ef54e1a4 459 }
b13b2135 460 if ((oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)) >= OA_AVREF
6e97e420
SC
461 && (oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)) <= OA_SCALARREF
462 /* But globs are already references (kinda) */
463 && (oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)) != OA_FILEREF
464 ) {
b6c543e3
IZ
465 str[n++] = '\\';
466 }
b6c543e3
IZ
467 str[n++] = ("?$@@%&*$")[oa & (OA_OPTIONAL - 1)];
468 oa = oa >> 4;
469 }
59b085e1
RGS
470 if (defgv && str[n - 1] == '$')
471 str[n - 1] = '_';
b6c543e3 472 str[n++] = '\0';
59cd0e26 473 ret = newSVpvn_flags(str, n - 1, SVs_TEMP);
ef54e1a4
JH
474 }
475 else if (code) /* Non-Overridable */
b6c543e3
IZ
476 goto set;
477 else { /* None such */
478 nonesuch:
d470f89e 479 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't find an opnumber for \"%s\"", s+6);
b6c543e3
IZ
480 }
481 }
482 }
f2c0649b 483 cv = sv_2cv(TOPs, &stash, &gv, 0);
5f05dabc 484 if (cv && SvPOK(cv))
59cd0e26 485 ret = newSVpvn_flags(SvPVX_const(cv), SvCUR(cv), SVs_TEMP);
b6c543e3 486 set:
c07a80fd 487 SETs(ret);
488 RETURN;
489}
490
a0d0e21e
LW
491PP(pp_anoncode)
492{
97aff369 493 dVAR; dSP;
ea726b52 494 CV *cv = MUTABLE_CV(PAD_SV(PL_op->op_targ));
a5f75d66 495 if (CvCLONE(cv))
ad64d0ec 496 cv = MUTABLE_CV(sv_2mortal(MUTABLE_SV(cv_clone(cv))));
5f05dabc 497 EXTEND(SP,1);
ad64d0ec 498 PUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(cv));
a0d0e21e
LW
499 RETURN;
500}
501
502PP(pp_srefgen)
79072805 503{
97aff369 504 dVAR; dSP;
71be2cbc 505 *SP = refto(*SP);
79072805 506 RETURN;
8ec5e241 507}
a0d0e21e
LW
508
509PP(pp_refgen)
510{
97aff369 511 dVAR; dSP; dMARK;
a0d0e21e 512 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
5f0b1d4e
GS
513 if (++MARK <= SP)
514 *MARK = *SP;
515 else
3280af22 516 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
5f0b1d4e
GS
517 *MARK = refto(*MARK);
518 SP = MARK;
519 RETURN;
a0d0e21e 520 }
bbce6d69 521 EXTEND_MORTAL(SP - MARK);
71be2cbc 522 while (++MARK <= SP)
523 *MARK = refto(*MARK);
a0d0e21e 524 RETURN;
79072805
LW
525}
526
76e3520e 527STATIC SV*
cea2e8a9 528S_refto(pTHX_ SV *sv)
71be2cbc 529{
97aff369 530 dVAR;
71be2cbc 531 SV* rv;
532
7918f24d
NC
533 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_REFTO;
534
71be2cbc 535 if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVLV && LvTYPE(sv) == 'y') {
536 if (LvTARGLEN(sv))
68dc0745 537 vivify_defelem(sv);
538 if (!(sv = LvTARG(sv)))
3280af22 539 sv = &PL_sv_undef;
0dd88869 540 else
b37c2d43 541 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
71be2cbc 542 }
d8b46c1b 543 else if (SvTYPE(sv) == SVt_PVAV) {
502c6561
NC
544 if (!AvREAL((const AV *)sv) && AvREIFY((const AV *)sv))
545 av_reify(MUTABLE_AV(sv));
d8b46c1b 546 SvTEMP_off(sv);
b37c2d43 547 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
d8b46c1b 548 }
f2933f5f
DM
549 else if (SvPADTMP(sv) && !IS_PADGV(sv))
550 sv = newSVsv(sv);
71be2cbc 551 else {
552 SvTEMP_off(sv);
b37c2d43 553 SvREFCNT_inc_void_NN(sv);
71be2cbc 554 }
555 rv = sv_newmortal();
4df7f6af 556 sv_upgrade(rv, SVt_IV);
b162af07 557 SvRV_set(rv, sv);
71be2cbc 558 SvROK_on(rv);
559 return rv;
560}
561
79072805
LW
562PP(pp_ref)
563{
97aff369 564 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
e1ec3a88 565 const char *pv;
1b6737cc 566 SV * const sv = POPs;
f12c7020 567
5b295bef
RD
568 if (sv)
569 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
f12c7020 570
a0d0e21e 571 if (!sv || !SvROK(sv))
4633a7c4 572 RETPUSHNO;
79072805 573
1b6737cc 574 pv = sv_reftype(SvRV(sv),TRUE);
463ee0b2 575 PUSHp(pv, strlen(pv));
79072805
LW
576 RETURN;
577}
578
579PP(pp_bless)
580{
97aff369 581 dVAR; dSP;
463ee0b2 582 HV *stash;
79072805 583
463ee0b2 584 if (MAXARG == 1)
11faa288 585 stash = CopSTASH(PL_curcop);
7b8d334a 586 else {
1b6737cc 587 SV * const ssv = POPs;
7b8d334a 588 STRLEN len;
e1ec3a88 589 const char *ptr;
81689caa 590
016a42f3 591 if (ssv && !SvGMAGICAL(ssv) && !SvAMAGIC(ssv) && SvROK(ssv))
81689caa 592 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Attempt to bless into a reference");
5c144d81 593 ptr = SvPV_const(ssv,len);
a2a5de95
NC
594 if (len == 0)
595 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
596 "Explicit blessing to '' (assuming package main)");
da51bb9b 597 stash = gv_stashpvn(ptr, len, GV_ADD);
7b8d334a 598 }
a0d0e21e 599
5d3fdfeb 600 (void)sv_bless(TOPs, stash);
79072805
LW
601 RETURN;
602}
603
fb73857a 604PP(pp_gelem)
605{
97aff369 606 dVAR; dSP;
b13b2135 607
1b6737cc
AL
608 SV *sv = POPs;
609 const char * const elem = SvPV_nolen_const(sv);
159b6efe 610 GV * const gv = MUTABLE_GV(POPs);
c445ea15 611 SV * tmpRef = NULL;
1b6737cc 612
c445ea15 613 sv = NULL;
c4ba80c3
NC
614 if (elem) {
615 /* elem will always be NUL terminated. */
1b6737cc 616 const char * const second_letter = elem + 1;
c4ba80c3
NC
617 switch (*elem) {
618 case 'A':
1b6737cc 619 if (strEQ(second_letter, "RRAY"))
ad64d0ec 620 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvAV(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
621 break;
622 case 'C':
1b6737cc 623 if (strEQ(second_letter, "ODE"))
ad64d0ec 624 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvCVu(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
625 break;
626 case 'F':
1b6737cc 627 if (strEQ(second_letter, "ILEHANDLE")) {
c4ba80c3
NC
628 /* finally deprecated in 5.8.0 */
629 deprecate("*glob{FILEHANDLE}");
ad64d0ec 630 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvIOp(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
631 }
632 else
1b6737cc 633 if (strEQ(second_letter, "ORMAT"))
ad64d0ec 634 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvFORM(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
635 break;
636 case 'G':
1b6737cc 637 if (strEQ(second_letter, "LOB"))
ad64d0ec 638 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(gv);
c4ba80c3
NC
639 break;
640 case 'H':
1b6737cc 641 if (strEQ(second_letter, "ASH"))
ad64d0ec 642 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvHV(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
643 break;
644 case 'I':
1b6737cc 645 if (*second_letter == 'O' && !elem[2])
ad64d0ec 646 tmpRef = MUTABLE_SV(GvIOp(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
647 break;
648 case 'N':
1b6737cc 649 if (strEQ(second_letter, "AME"))
a663657d 650 sv = newSVhek(GvNAME_HEK(gv));
c4ba80c3
NC
651 break;
652 case 'P':
1b6737cc 653 if (strEQ(second_letter, "ACKAGE")) {
7fa3a4ab
NC
654 const HV * const stash = GvSTASH(gv);
655 const HEK * const hek = stash ? HvNAME_HEK(stash) : NULL;
396482e1 656 sv = hek ? newSVhek(hek) : newSVpvs("__ANON__");
c4ba80c3
NC
657 }
658 break;
659 case 'S':
1b6737cc 660 if (strEQ(second_letter, "CALAR"))
f9d52e31 661 tmpRef = GvSVn(gv);
c4ba80c3 662 break;
39b99f21 663 }
fb73857a 664 }
76e3520e
GS
665 if (tmpRef)
666 sv = newRV(tmpRef);
fb73857a 667 if (sv)
668 sv_2mortal(sv);
669 else
3280af22 670 sv = &PL_sv_undef;
fb73857a 671 XPUSHs(sv);
672 RETURN;
673}
674
a0d0e21e 675/* Pattern matching */
79072805 676
a0d0e21e 677PP(pp_study)
79072805 678{
97aff369 679 dVAR; dSP; dPOPss;
a0d0e21e
LW
680 register unsigned char *s;
681 register I32 pos;
682 register I32 ch;
683 register I32 *sfirst;
684 register I32 *snext;
a0d0e21e
LW
685 STRLEN len;
686
3280af22 687 if (sv == PL_lastscream) {
1e422769 688 if (SvSCREAM(sv))
689 RETPUSHYES;
690 }
a4f4e906
NC
691 s = (unsigned char*)(SvPV(sv, len));
692 pos = len;
c9b9f909 693 if (pos <= 0 || !SvPOK(sv) || SvUTF8(sv)) {
a4f4e906
NC
694 /* No point in studying a zero length string, and not safe to study
695 anything that doesn't appear to be a simple scalar (and hence might
696 change between now and when the regexp engine runs without our set
bd473224 697 magic ever running) such as a reference to an object with overloaded
a4f4e906
NC
698 stringification. */
699 RETPUSHNO;
700 }
701
702 if (PL_lastscream) {
703 SvSCREAM_off(PL_lastscream);
704 SvREFCNT_dec(PL_lastscream);
c07a80fd 705 }
b37c2d43 706 PL_lastscream = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv);
1e422769 707
708 s = (unsigned char*)(SvPV(sv, len));
709 pos = len;
710 if (pos <= 0)
711 RETPUSHNO;
3280af22
NIS
712 if (pos > PL_maxscream) {
713 if (PL_maxscream < 0) {
714 PL_maxscream = pos + 80;
a02a5408
JC
715 Newx(PL_screamfirst, 256, I32);
716 Newx(PL_screamnext, PL_maxscream, I32);
79072805
LW
717 }
718 else {
3280af22
NIS
719 PL_maxscream = pos + pos / 4;
720 Renew(PL_screamnext, PL_maxscream, I32);
79072805 721 }
79072805 722 }
a0d0e21e 723
3280af22
NIS
724 sfirst = PL_screamfirst;
725 snext = PL_screamnext;
a0d0e21e
LW
726
727 if (!sfirst || !snext)
cea2e8a9 728 DIE(aTHX_ "do_study: out of memory");
a0d0e21e
LW
729
730 for (ch = 256; ch; --ch)
731 *sfirst++ = -1;
732 sfirst -= 256;
733
734 while (--pos >= 0) {
1b6737cc 735 register const I32 ch = s[pos];
a0d0e21e
LW
736 if (sfirst[ch] >= 0)
737 snext[pos] = sfirst[ch] - pos;
738 else
739 snext[pos] = -pos;
740 sfirst[ch] = pos;
79072805
LW
741 }
742
c07a80fd 743 SvSCREAM_on(sv);
14befaf4 744 /* piggyback on m//g magic */
c445ea15 745 sv_magic(sv, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_regex_global, NULL, 0);
1e422769 746 RETPUSHYES;
79072805
LW
747}
748
a0d0e21e 749PP(pp_trans)
79072805 750{
97aff369 751 dVAR; dSP; dTARG;
a0d0e21e
LW
752 SV *sv;
753
533c011a 754 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
a0d0e21e 755 sv = POPs;
59f00321
RGS
756 else if (PL_op->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
757 sv = GETTARGET;
79072805 758 else {
54b9620d 759 sv = DEFSV;
a0d0e21e 760 EXTEND(SP,1);
79072805 761 }
adbc6bb1 762 TARG = sv_newmortal();
4757a243 763 PUSHi(do_trans(sv));
a0d0e21e 764 RETURN;
79072805
LW
765}
766
a0d0e21e 767/* Lvalue operators. */
79072805 768
a0d0e21e
LW
769PP(pp_schop)
770{
97aff369 771 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
a0d0e21e
LW
772 do_chop(TARG, TOPs);
773 SETTARG;
774 RETURN;
79072805
LW
775}
776
a0d0e21e 777PP(pp_chop)
79072805 778{
97aff369 779 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dTARGET; dORIGMARK;
2ec6af5f
RG
780 while (MARK < SP)
781 do_chop(TARG, *++MARK);
782 SP = ORIGMARK;
b59aed67 783 XPUSHTARG;
a0d0e21e 784 RETURN;
79072805
LW
785}
786
a0d0e21e 787PP(pp_schomp)
79072805 788{
97aff369 789 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
a0d0e21e
LW
790 SETi(do_chomp(TOPs));
791 RETURN;
79072805
LW
792}
793
a0d0e21e 794PP(pp_chomp)
79072805 795{
97aff369 796 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dTARGET;
a0d0e21e 797 register I32 count = 0;
8ec5e241 798
a0d0e21e
LW
799 while (SP > MARK)
800 count += do_chomp(POPs);
b59aed67 801 XPUSHi(count);
a0d0e21e 802 RETURN;
79072805
LW
803}
804
a0d0e21e
LW
805PP(pp_undef)
806{
97aff369 807 dVAR; dSP;
a0d0e21e
LW
808 SV *sv;
809
533c011a 810 if (!PL_op->op_private) {
774d564b 811 EXTEND(SP, 1);
a0d0e21e 812 RETPUSHUNDEF;
774d564b 813 }
79072805 814
a0d0e21e
LW
815 sv = POPs;
816 if (!sv)
817 RETPUSHUNDEF;
85e6fe83 818
765f542d 819 SV_CHECK_THINKFIRST_COW_DROP(sv);
85e6fe83 820
a0d0e21e
LW
821 switch (SvTYPE(sv)) {
822 case SVt_NULL:
823 break;
824 case SVt_PVAV:
502c6561 825 av_undef(MUTABLE_AV(sv));
a0d0e21e
LW
826 break;
827 case SVt_PVHV:
85fbaab2 828 hv_undef(MUTABLE_HV(sv));
a0d0e21e
LW
829 break;
830 case SVt_PVCV:
a2a5de95
NC
831 if (cv_const_sv((const CV *)sv))
832 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Constant subroutine %s undefined",
833 CvANON((const CV *)sv) ? "(anonymous)"
834 : GvENAME(CvGV((const CV *)sv)));
5f66b61c 835 /* FALLTHROUGH */
9607fc9c 836 case SVt_PVFM:
6fc92669
GS
837 {
838 /* let user-undef'd sub keep its identity */
ea726b52
NC
839 GV* const gv = CvGV((const CV *)sv);
840 cv_undef(MUTABLE_CV(sv));
841 CvGV((const CV *)sv) = gv;
6fc92669 842 }
a0d0e21e 843 break;
8e07c86e 844 case SVt_PVGV:
6e592b3a 845 if (SvFAKE(sv)) {
3280af22 846 SvSetMagicSV(sv, &PL_sv_undef);
6e592b3a
BM
847 break;
848 }
849 else if (isGV_with_GP(sv)) {
20408e3c 850 GP *gp;
dd69841b
BB
851 HV *stash;
852
853 /* undef *Foo:: */
159b6efe 854 if((stash = GvHV((const GV *)sv)) && HvNAME_get(stash))
dd69841b
BB
855 mro_isa_changed_in(stash);
856 /* undef *Pkg::meth_name ... */
159b6efe
NC
857 else if(GvCVu((const GV *)sv) && (stash = GvSTASH((const GV *)sv))
858 && HvNAME_get(stash))
dd69841b
BB
859 mro_method_changed_in(stash);
860
159b6efe 861 gp_free(MUTABLE_GV(sv));
a02a5408 862 Newxz(gp, 1, GP);
20408e3c 863 GvGP(sv) = gp_ref(gp);
561b68a9 864 GvSV(sv) = newSV(0);
57843af0 865 GvLINE(sv) = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
159b6efe 866 GvEGV(sv) = MUTABLE_GV(sv);
20408e3c 867 GvMULTI_on(sv);
6e592b3a 868 break;
20408e3c 869 }
6e592b3a 870 /* FALL THROUGH */
a0d0e21e 871 default:
b15aece3 872 if (SvTYPE(sv) >= SVt_PV && SvPVX_const(sv) && SvLEN(sv)) {
8bd4d4c5 873 SvPV_free(sv);
c445ea15 874 SvPV_set(sv, NULL);
4633a7c4 875 SvLEN_set(sv, 0);
a0d0e21e 876 }
0c34ef67 877 SvOK_off(sv);
4633a7c4 878 SvSETMAGIC(sv);
79072805 879 }
a0d0e21e
LW
880
881 RETPUSHUNDEF;
79072805
LW
882}
883
a0d0e21e 884PP(pp_predec)
79072805 885{
97aff369 886 dVAR; dSP;
6e592b3a 887 if (SvTYPE(TOPs) >= SVt_PVAV || isGV_with_GP(TOPs))
f1f66076 888 DIE(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_modify);
3510b4a1
NC
889 if (!SvREADONLY(TOPs) && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)
890 && SvIVX(TOPs) != IV_MIN)
55497cff 891 {
45977657 892 SvIV_set(TOPs, SvIVX(TOPs) - 1);
55497cff 893 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
748a9306
LW
894 }
895 else
896 sv_dec(TOPs);
a0d0e21e
LW
897 SvSETMAGIC(TOPs);
898 return NORMAL;
899}
79072805 900
a0d0e21e
LW
901PP(pp_postinc)
902{
97aff369 903 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
6e592b3a 904 if (SvTYPE(TOPs) >= SVt_PVAV || isGV_with_GP(TOPs))
f1f66076 905 DIE(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_modify);
a0d0e21e 906 sv_setsv(TARG, TOPs);
3510b4a1
NC
907 if (!SvREADONLY(TOPs) && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)
908 && SvIVX(TOPs) != IV_MAX)
55497cff 909 {
45977657 910 SvIV_set(TOPs, SvIVX(TOPs) + 1);
55497cff 911 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
748a9306
LW
912 }
913 else
914 sv_inc(TOPs);
a0d0e21e 915 SvSETMAGIC(TOPs);
1e54a23f 916 /* special case for undef: see thread at 2003-03/msg00536.html in archive */
a0d0e21e
LW
917 if (!SvOK(TARG))
918 sv_setiv(TARG, 0);
919 SETs(TARG);
920 return NORMAL;
921}
79072805 922
a0d0e21e
LW
923PP(pp_postdec)
924{
97aff369 925 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
6e592b3a 926 if (SvTYPE(TOPs) >= SVt_PVAV || isGV_with_GP(TOPs))
f1f66076 927 DIE(aTHX_ "%s", PL_no_modify);
a0d0e21e 928 sv_setsv(TARG, TOPs);
3510b4a1
NC
929 if (!SvREADONLY(TOPs) && SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && !SvNOK(TOPs) && !SvPOK(TOPs)
930 && SvIVX(TOPs) != IV_MIN)
55497cff 931 {
45977657 932 SvIV_set(TOPs, SvIVX(TOPs) - 1);
55497cff 933 SvFLAGS(TOPs) &= ~(SVp_NOK|SVp_POK);
748a9306
LW
934 }
935 else
936 sv_dec(TOPs);
a0d0e21e
LW
937 SvSETMAGIC(TOPs);
938 SETs(TARG);
939 return NORMAL;
940}
79072805 941
a0d0e21e
LW
942/* Ordinary operators. */
943
944PP(pp_pow)
945{
800401ee 946 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
58d76dfd 947#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
52a96ae6
HS
948 bool is_int = 0;
949#endif
950 tryAMAGICbin(pow,opASSIGN);
800401ee
JH
951 svl = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
952 svr = sv_2num(TOPs);
52a96ae6
HS
953#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
954 /* For integer to integer power, we do the calculation by hand wherever
955 we're sure it is safe; otherwise we call pow() and try to convert to
956 integer afterwards. */
58d76dfd 957 {
800401ee
JH
958 SvIV_please(svr);
959 if (SvIOK(svr)) {
960 SvIV_please(svl);
961 if (SvIOK(svl)) {
900658e3
PF
962 UV power;
963 bool baseuok;
964 UV baseuv;
965
800401ee
JH
966 if (SvUOK(svr)) {
967 power = SvUVX(svr);
900658e3 968 } else {
800401ee 969 const IV iv = SvIVX(svr);
900658e3
PF
970 if (iv >= 0) {
971 power = iv;
972 } else {
973 goto float_it; /* Can't do negative powers this way. */
974 }
975 }
976
800401ee 977 baseuok = SvUOK(svl);
900658e3 978 if (baseuok) {
800401ee 979 baseuv = SvUVX(svl);
900658e3 980 } else {
800401ee 981 const IV iv = SvIVX(svl);
900658e3
PF
982 if (iv >= 0) {
983 baseuv = iv;
984 baseuok = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
985 } else {
986 baseuv = -iv; /* abs, baseuok == false records sign */
987 }
988 }
52a96ae6
HS
989 /* now we have integer ** positive integer. */
990 is_int = 1;
991
992 /* foo & (foo - 1) is zero only for a power of 2. */
58d76dfd 993 if (!(baseuv & (baseuv - 1))) {
52a96ae6 994 /* We are raising power-of-2 to a positive integer.
58d76dfd
JH
995 The logic here will work for any base (even non-integer
996 bases) but it can be less accurate than
997 pow (base,power) or exp (power * log (base)) when the
998 intermediate values start to spill out of the mantissa.
999 With powers of 2 we know this can't happen.
1000 And powers of 2 are the favourite thing for perl
1001 programmers to notice ** not doing what they mean. */
1002 NV result = 1.0;
1003 NV base = baseuok ? baseuv : -(NV)baseuv;
900658e3
PF
1004
1005 if (power & 1) {
1006 result *= base;
1007 }
1008 while (power >>= 1) {
1009 base *= base;
1010 if (power & 1) {
1011 result *= base;
1012 }
1013 }
58d76dfd
JH
1014 SP--;
1015 SETn( result );
800401ee 1016 SvIV_please(svr);
58d76dfd 1017 RETURN;
52a96ae6
HS
1018 } else {
1019 register unsigned int highbit = 8 * sizeof(UV);
900658e3
PF
1020 register unsigned int diff = 8 * sizeof(UV);
1021 while (diff >>= 1) {
1022 highbit -= diff;
1023 if (baseuv >> highbit) {
1024 highbit += diff;
1025 }
52a96ae6
HS
1026 }
1027 /* we now have baseuv < 2 ** highbit */
1028 if (power * highbit <= 8 * sizeof(UV)) {
1029 /* result will definitely fit in UV, so use UV math
1030 on same algorithm as above */
1031 register UV result = 1;
1032 register UV base = baseuv;
900658e3
PF
1033 const bool odd_power = (bool)(power & 1);
1034 if (odd_power) {
1035 result *= base;
1036 }
1037 while (power >>= 1) {
1038 base *= base;
1039 if (power & 1) {
52a96ae6 1040 result *= base;
52a96ae6
HS
1041 }
1042 }
1043 SP--;
0615a994 1044 if (baseuok || !odd_power)
52a96ae6
HS
1045 /* answer is positive */
1046 SETu( result );
1047 else if (result <= (UV)IV_MAX)
1048 /* answer negative, fits in IV */
1049 SETi( -(IV)result );
1050 else if (result == (UV)IV_MIN)
1051 /* 2's complement assumption: special case IV_MIN */
1052 SETi( IV_MIN );
1053 else
1054 /* answer negative, doesn't fit */
1055 SETn( -(NV)result );
1056 RETURN;
1057 }
1058 }
1059 }
1060 }
58d76dfd 1061 }
52a96ae6 1062 float_it:
58d76dfd 1063#endif
a0d0e21e 1064 {
4efa5a16
RD
1065 NV right = SvNV(svr);
1066 NV left = SvNV(svl);
1067 (void)POPs;
3aaeb624
JA
1068
1069#if defined(USE_LONG_DOUBLE) && defined(HAS_AIX_POWL_NEG_BASE_BUG)
1070 /*
1071 We are building perl with long double support and are on an AIX OS
1072 afflicted with a powl() function that wrongly returns NaNQ for any
1073 negative base. This was reported to IBM as PMR #23047-379 on
1074 03/06/2006. The problem exists in at least the following versions
1075 of AIX and the libm fileset, and no doubt others as well:
1076
1077 AIX 4.3.3-ML10 bos.adt.libm 4.3.3.50
1078 AIX 5.1.0-ML04 bos.adt.libm 5.1.0.29
1079 AIX 5.2.0 bos.adt.libm 5.2.0.85
1080
1081 So, until IBM fixes powl(), we provide the following workaround to
1082 handle the problem ourselves. Our logic is as follows: for
1083 negative bases (left), we use fmod(right, 2) to check if the
1084 exponent is an odd or even integer:
1085
1086 - if odd, powl(left, right) == -powl(-left, right)
1087 - if even, powl(left, right) == powl(-left, right)
1088
1089 If the exponent is not an integer, the result is rightly NaNQ, so
1090 we just return that (as NV_NAN).
1091 */
1092
1093 if (left < 0.0) {
1094 NV mod2 = Perl_fmod( right, 2.0 );
1095 if (mod2 == 1.0 || mod2 == -1.0) { /* odd integer */
1096 SETn( -Perl_pow( -left, right) );
1097 } else if (mod2 == 0.0) { /* even integer */
1098 SETn( Perl_pow( -left, right) );
1099 } else { /* fractional power */
1100 SETn( NV_NAN );
1101 }
1102 } else {
1103 SETn( Perl_pow( left, right) );
1104 }
1105#else
52a96ae6 1106 SETn( Perl_pow( left, right) );
3aaeb624
JA
1107#endif /* HAS_AIX_POWL_NEG_BASE_BUG */
1108
52a96ae6
HS
1109#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1110 if (is_int)
800401ee 1111 SvIV_please(svr);
52a96ae6
HS
1112#endif
1113 RETURN;
93a17b20 1114 }
a0d0e21e
LW
1115}
1116
1117PP(pp_multiply)
1118{
800401ee
JH
1119 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
1120 tryAMAGICbin(mult,opASSIGN);
1121 svl = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
1122 svr = sv_2num(TOPs);
28e5dec8 1123#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
800401ee
JH
1124 SvIV_please(svr);
1125 if (SvIOK(svr)) {
28e5dec8
JH
1126 /* Unless the left argument is integer in range we are going to have to
1127 use NV maths. Hence only attempt to coerce the right argument if
1128 we know the left is integer. */
1129 /* Left operand is defined, so is it IV? */
800401ee
JH
1130 SvIV_please(svl);
1131 if (SvIOK(svl)) {
1132 bool auvok = SvUOK(svl);
1133 bool buvok = SvUOK(svr);
28e5dec8
JH
1134 const UV topmask = (~ (UV)0) << (4 * sizeof (UV));
1135 const UV botmask = ~((~ (UV)0) << (4 * sizeof (UV)));
1136 UV alow;
1137 UV ahigh;
1138 UV blow;
1139 UV bhigh;
1140
1141 if (auvok) {
800401ee 1142 alow = SvUVX(svl);
28e5dec8 1143 } else {
800401ee 1144 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
28e5dec8
JH
1145 if (aiv >= 0) {
1146 alow = aiv;
1147 auvok = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1148 } else {
1149 alow = -aiv; /* abs, auvok == false records sign */
1150 }
1151 }
1152 if (buvok) {
800401ee 1153 blow = SvUVX(svr);
28e5dec8 1154 } else {
800401ee 1155 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
28e5dec8
JH
1156 if (biv >= 0) {
1157 blow = biv;
1158 buvok = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1159 } else {
1160 blow = -biv; /* abs, buvok == false records sign */
1161 }
1162 }
1163
1164 /* If this does sign extension on unsigned it's time for plan B */
1165 ahigh = alow >> (4 * sizeof (UV));
1166 alow &= botmask;
1167 bhigh = blow >> (4 * sizeof (UV));
1168 blow &= botmask;
1169 if (ahigh && bhigh) {
6f207bd3 1170 NOOP;
28e5dec8
JH
1171 /* eg 32 bit is at least 0x10000 * 0x10000 == 0x100000000
1172 which is overflow. Drop to NVs below. */
1173 } else if (!ahigh && !bhigh) {
1174 /* eg 32 bit is at most 0xFFFF * 0xFFFF == 0xFFFE0001
1175 so the unsigned multiply cannot overflow. */
c445ea15 1176 const UV product = alow * blow;
28e5dec8
JH
1177 if (auvok == buvok) {
1178 /* -ve * -ve or +ve * +ve gives a +ve result. */
1179 SP--;
1180 SETu( product );
1181 RETURN;
1182 } else if (product <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
1183 /* 2s complement assumption that (UV)-IV_MIN is correct. */
1184 /* -ve result, which could overflow an IV */
1185 SP--;
25716404 1186 SETi( -(IV)product );
28e5dec8
JH
1187 RETURN;
1188 } /* else drop to NVs below. */
1189 } else {
1190 /* One operand is large, 1 small */
1191 UV product_middle;
1192 if (bhigh) {
1193 /* swap the operands */
1194 ahigh = bhigh;
1195 bhigh = blow; /* bhigh now the temp var for the swap */
1196 blow = alow;
1197 alow = bhigh;
1198 }
1199 /* now, ((ahigh * blow) << half_UV_len) + (alow * blow)
1200 multiplies can't overflow. shift can, add can, -ve can. */
1201 product_middle = ahigh * blow;
1202 if (!(product_middle & topmask)) {
1203 /* OK, (ahigh * blow) won't lose bits when we shift it. */
1204 UV product_low;
1205 product_middle <<= (4 * sizeof (UV));
1206 product_low = alow * blow;
1207
1208 /* as for pp_add, UV + something mustn't get smaller.
1209 IIRC ANSI mandates this wrapping *behaviour* for
1210 unsigned whatever the actual representation*/
1211 product_low += product_middle;
1212 if (product_low >= product_middle) {
1213 /* didn't overflow */
1214 if (auvok == buvok) {
1215 /* -ve * -ve or +ve * +ve gives a +ve result. */
1216 SP--;
1217 SETu( product_low );
1218 RETURN;
1219 } else if (product_low <= (UV)IV_MIN) {
1220 /* 2s complement assumption again */
1221 /* -ve result, which could overflow an IV */
1222 SP--;
25716404 1223 SETi( -(IV)product_low );
28e5dec8
JH
1224 RETURN;
1225 } /* else drop to NVs below. */
1226 }
1227 } /* product_middle too large */
1228 } /* ahigh && bhigh */
800401ee
JH
1229 } /* SvIOK(svl) */
1230 } /* SvIOK(svr) */
28e5dec8 1231#endif
a0d0e21e 1232 {
4efa5a16
RD
1233 NV right = SvNV(svr);
1234 NV left = SvNV(svl);
1235 (void)POPs;
a0d0e21e
LW
1236 SETn( left * right );
1237 RETURN;
79072805 1238 }
a0d0e21e
LW
1239}
1240
1241PP(pp_divide)
1242{
800401ee
JH
1243 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; SV *svl, *svr;
1244 tryAMAGICbin(div,opASSIGN);
1245 svl = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
1246 svr = sv_2num(TOPs);
5479d192 1247 /* Only try to do UV divide first
68795e93 1248 if ((SLOPPYDIVIDE is true) or
5479d192
NC
1249 (PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV is true and one or both SV is a UV too large
1250 to preserve))
1251 The assumption is that it is better to use floating point divide
1252 whenever possible, only doing integer divide first if we can't be sure.
1253 If NV_PRESERVES_UV is true then we know at compile time that no UV
1254 can be too large to preserve, so don't need to compile the code to
1255 test the size of UVs. */
1256
a0d0e21e 1257#ifdef SLOPPYDIVIDE
5479d192
NC
1258# define PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
1259 /* ensure that 20./5. == 4. */
a0d0e21e 1260#else
5479d192
NC
1261# ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1262# ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
1263# define PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
1264# endif
1265# endif
a0d0e21e 1266#endif
5479d192
NC
1267
1268#ifdef PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE
800401ee
JH
1269 SvIV_please(svr);
1270 if (SvIOK(svr)) {
1271 SvIV_please(svl);
1272 if (SvIOK(svl)) {
1273 bool left_non_neg = SvUOK(svl);
1274 bool right_non_neg = SvUOK(svr);
5479d192
NC
1275 UV left;
1276 UV right;
1277
1278 if (right_non_neg) {
800401ee 1279 right = SvUVX(svr);
5479d192
NC
1280 }
1281 else {
800401ee 1282 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
5479d192
NC
1283 if (biv >= 0) {
1284 right = biv;
1285 right_non_neg = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1286 }
1287 else {
1288 right = -biv;
1289 }
1290 }
1291 /* historically undef()/0 gives a "Use of uninitialized value"
1292 warning before dieing, hence this test goes here.
1293 If it were immediately before the second SvIV_please, then
1294 DIE() would be invoked before left was even inspected, so
1295 no inpsection would give no warning. */
1296 if (right == 0)
1297 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
1298
1299 if (left_non_neg) {
800401ee 1300 left = SvUVX(svl);
5479d192
NC
1301 }
1302 else {
800401ee 1303 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
5479d192
NC
1304 if (aiv >= 0) {
1305 left = aiv;
1306 left_non_neg = TRUE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1307 }
1308 else {
1309 left = -aiv;
1310 }
1311 }
1312
1313 if (left >= right
1314#ifdef SLOPPYDIVIDE
1315 /* For sloppy divide we always attempt integer division. */
1316#else
1317 /* Otherwise we only attempt it if either or both operands
1318 would not be preserved by an NV. If both fit in NVs
0c2ee62a
NC
1319 we fall through to the NV divide code below. However,
1320 as left >= right to ensure integer result here, we know that
1321 we can skip the test on the right operand - right big
1322 enough not to be preserved can't get here unless left is
1323 also too big. */
1324
1325 && (left > ((UV)1 << NV_PRESERVES_UV_BITS))
5479d192
NC
1326#endif
1327 ) {
1328 /* Integer division can't overflow, but it can be imprecise. */
1b6737cc 1329 const UV result = left / right;
5479d192
NC
1330 if (result * right == left) {
1331 SP--; /* result is valid */
1332 if (left_non_neg == right_non_neg) {
1333 /* signs identical, result is positive. */
1334 SETu( result );
1335 RETURN;
1336 }
1337 /* 2s complement assumption */
1338 if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
91f3b821 1339 SETi( -(IV)result );
5479d192
NC
1340 else {
1341 /* It's exact but too negative for IV. */
1342 SETn( -(NV)result );
1343 }
1344 RETURN;
1345 } /* tried integer divide but it was not an integer result */
32fdb065 1346 } /* else (PERL_ABS(result) < 1.0) or (both UVs in range for NV) */
5479d192
NC
1347 } /* left wasn't SvIOK */
1348 } /* right wasn't SvIOK */
1349#endif /* PERL_TRY_UV_DIVIDE */
1350 {
4efa5a16
RD
1351 NV right = SvNV(svr);
1352 NV left = SvNV(svl);
1353 (void)POPs;(void)POPs;
ebc6a117
PD
1354#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
1355 if (! Perl_isnan(right) && right == 0.0)
1356#else
5479d192 1357 if (right == 0.0)
ebc6a117 1358#endif
5479d192
NC
1359 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
1360 PUSHn( left / right );
1361 RETURN;
79072805 1362 }
a0d0e21e
LW
1363}
1364
1365PP(pp_modulo)
1366{
97aff369 1367 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(modulo,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e 1368 {
9c5ffd7c
JH
1369 UV left = 0;
1370 UV right = 0;
dc656993
JH
1371 bool left_neg = FALSE;
1372 bool right_neg = FALSE;
e2c88acc
NC
1373 bool use_double = FALSE;
1374 bool dright_valid = FALSE;
9c5ffd7c
JH
1375 NV dright = 0.0;
1376 NV dleft = 0.0;
800401ee
JH
1377 SV * svl;
1378 SV * const svr = sv_2num(TOPs);
1379 SvIV_please(svr);
1380 if (SvIOK(svr)) {
1381 right_neg = !SvUOK(svr);
e2c88acc 1382 if (!right_neg) {
800401ee 1383 right = SvUVX(svr);
e2c88acc 1384 } else {
800401ee 1385 const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
e2c88acc
NC
1386 if (biv >= 0) {
1387 right = biv;
1388 right_neg = FALSE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1389 } else {
1390 right = -biv;
1391 }
1392 }
1393 }
1394 else {
4efa5a16 1395 dright = SvNV(svr);
787eafbd
IZ
1396 right_neg = dright < 0;
1397 if (right_neg)
1398 dright = -dright;
e2c88acc
NC
1399 if (dright < UV_MAX_P1) {
1400 right = U_V(dright);
1401 dright_valid = TRUE; /* In case we need to use double below. */
1402 } else {
1403 use_double = TRUE;
1404 }
787eafbd 1405 }
4efa5a16 1406 sp--;
a0d0e21e 1407
e2c88acc
NC
1408 /* At this point use_double is only true if right is out of range for
1409 a UV. In range NV has been rounded down to nearest UV and
1410 use_double false. */
800401ee
JH
1411 svl = sv_2num(TOPs);
1412 SvIV_please(svl);
1413 if (!use_double && SvIOK(svl)) {
1414 if (SvIOK(svl)) {
1415 left_neg = !SvUOK(svl);
e2c88acc 1416 if (!left_neg) {
800401ee 1417 left = SvUVX(svl);
e2c88acc 1418 } else {
800401ee 1419 const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
e2c88acc
NC
1420 if (aiv >= 0) {
1421 left = aiv;
1422 left_neg = FALSE; /* effectively it's a UV now */
1423 } else {
1424 left = -aiv;
1425 }
1426 }
1427 }
1428 }
787eafbd 1429 else {
4efa5a16 1430 dleft = SvNV(svl);
787eafbd
IZ
1431 left_neg = dleft < 0;
1432 if (left_neg)
1433 dleft = -dleft;
68dc0745 1434
e2c88acc
NC
1435 /* This should be exactly the 5.6 behaviour - if left and right are
1436 both in range for UV then use U_V() rather than floor. */
1437 if (!use_double) {
1438 if (dleft < UV_MAX_P1) {
1439 /* right was in range, so is dleft, so use UVs not double.
1440 */
1441 left = U_V(dleft);
1442 }
1443 /* left is out of range for UV, right was in range, so promote
1444 right (back) to double. */
1445 else {
1446 /* The +0.5 is used in 5.6 even though it is not strictly
1447 consistent with the implicit +0 floor in the U_V()
1448 inside the #if 1. */
1449 dleft = Perl_floor(dleft + 0.5);
1450 use_double = TRUE;
1451 if (dright_valid)
1452 dright = Perl_floor(dright + 0.5);
1453 else
1454 dright = right;
1455 }
1456 }
1457 }
4efa5a16 1458 sp--;
787eafbd 1459 if (use_double) {
65202027 1460 NV dans;
787eafbd 1461
787eafbd 1462 if (!dright)
cea2e8a9 1463 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
787eafbd 1464
65202027 1465 dans = Perl_fmod(dleft, dright);
787eafbd
IZ
1466 if ((left_neg != right_neg) && dans)
1467 dans = dright - dans;
1468 if (right_neg)
1469 dans = -dans;
1470 sv_setnv(TARG, dans);
1471 }
1472 else {
1473 UV ans;
1474
787eafbd 1475 if (!right)
cea2e8a9 1476 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
787eafbd
IZ
1477
1478 ans = left % right;
1479 if ((left_neg != right_neg) && ans)
1480 ans = right - ans;
1481 if (right_neg) {
1482 /* XXX may warn: unary minus operator applied to unsigned type */
1483 /* could change -foo to be (~foo)+1 instead */
1484 if (ans <= ~((UV)IV_MAX)+1)
1485 sv_setiv(TARG, ~ans+1);
1486 else
65202027 1487 sv_setnv(TARG, -(NV)ans);
787eafbd
IZ
1488 }
1489 else
1490 sv_setuv(TARG, ans);
1491 }
1492 PUSHTARG;
1493 RETURN;
79072805 1494 }
a0d0e21e 1495}
79072805 1496
a0d0e21e
LW
1497PP(pp_repeat)
1498{
97aff369 1499 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(repeat,opASSIGN);
748a9306 1500 {
2b573ace
JH
1501 register IV count;
1502 dPOPss;
5b295bef 1503 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
2b573ace
JH
1504 if (SvIOKp(sv)) {
1505 if (SvUOK(sv)) {
1b6737cc 1506 const UV uv = SvUV(sv);
2b573ace
JH
1507 if (uv > IV_MAX)
1508 count = IV_MAX; /* The best we can do? */
1509 else
1510 count = uv;
1511 } else {
0bd48802 1512 const IV iv = SvIV(sv);
2b573ace
JH
1513 if (iv < 0)
1514 count = 0;
1515 else
1516 count = iv;
1517 }
1518 }
1519 else if (SvNOKp(sv)) {
1b6737cc 1520 const NV nv = SvNV(sv);
2b573ace
JH
1521 if (nv < 0.0)
1522 count = 0;
1523 else
1524 count = (IV)nv;
1525 }
1526 else
4ea561bc 1527 count = SvIV(sv);
533c011a 1528 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY && PL_op->op_private & OPpREPEAT_DOLIST) {
a0d0e21e 1529 dMARK;
0bd48802
AL
1530 static const char oom_list_extend[] = "Out of memory during list extend";
1531 const I32 items = SP - MARK;
1532 const I32 max = items * count;
79072805 1533
2b573ace
JH
1534 MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(max, SV*, oom_list_extend);
1535 /* Did the max computation overflow? */
27d5b266 1536 if (items > 0 && max > 0 && (max < items || max < count))
2b573ace 1537 Perl_croak(aTHX_ oom_list_extend);
a0d0e21e
LW
1538 MEXTEND(MARK, max);
1539 if (count > 1) {
1540 while (SP > MARK) {
976c8a39
JH
1541#if 0
1542 /* This code was intended to fix 20010809.028:
1543
1544 $x = 'abcd';
1545 for (($x =~ /./g) x 2) {
1546 print chop; # "abcdabcd" expected as output.
1547 }
1548
1549 * but that change (#11635) broke this code:
1550
1551 $x = [("foo")x2]; # only one "foo" ended up in the anonlist.
1552
1553 * I can't think of a better fix that doesn't introduce
1554 * an efficiency hit by copying the SVs. The stack isn't
1555 * refcounted, and mortalisation obviously doesn't
1556 * Do The Right Thing when the stack has more than
1557 * one pointer to the same mortal value.
1558 * .robin.
1559 */
e30acc16
RH
1560 if (*SP) {
1561 *SP = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(*SP));
1562 SvREADONLY_on(*SP);
1563 }
976c8a39
JH
1564#else
1565 if (*SP)
1566 SvTEMP_off((*SP));
1567#endif
a0d0e21e 1568 SP--;
79072805 1569 }
a0d0e21e
LW
1570 MARK++;
1571 repeatcpy((char*)(MARK + items), (char*)MARK,
ad64d0ec 1572 items * sizeof(const SV *), count - 1);
a0d0e21e 1573 SP += max;
79072805 1574 }
a0d0e21e
LW
1575 else if (count <= 0)
1576 SP -= items;
79072805 1577 }
a0d0e21e 1578 else { /* Note: mark already snarfed by pp_list */
0bd48802 1579 SV * const tmpstr = POPs;
a0d0e21e 1580 STRLEN len;
9b877dbb 1581 bool isutf;
2b573ace
JH
1582 static const char oom_string_extend[] =
1583 "Out of memory during string extend";
a0d0e21e 1584
a0d0e21e
LW
1585 SvSetSV(TARG, tmpstr);
1586 SvPV_force(TARG, len);
9b877dbb 1587 isutf = DO_UTF8(TARG);
8ebc5c01 1588 if (count != 1) {
1589 if (count < 1)
1590 SvCUR_set(TARG, 0);
1591 else {
c445ea15 1592 const STRLEN max = (UV)count * len;
19a94d75 1593 if (len > MEM_SIZE_MAX / count)
2b573ace
JH
1594 Perl_croak(aTHX_ oom_string_extend);
1595 MEM_WRAP_CHECK_1(max, char, oom_string_extend);
8569b9dc 1596 SvGROW(TARG, max + 1);
a0d0e21e 1597 repeatcpy(SvPVX(TARG) + len, SvPVX(TARG), len, count - 1);
b162af07 1598 SvCUR_set(TARG, SvCUR(TARG) * count);
7a4c00b4 1599 }
a0d0e21e 1600 *SvEND(TARG) = '\0';
a0d0e21e 1601 }
dfcb284a
GS
1602 if (isutf)
1603 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(TARG);
1604 else
1605 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
b80b6069
RH
1606
1607 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpREPEAT_DOLIST) {
1608 /* The parser saw this as a list repeat, and there
1609 are probably several items on the stack. But we're
1610 in scalar context, and there's no pp_list to save us
1611 now. So drop the rest of the items -- robin@kitsite.com
1612 */
1613 dMARK;
1614 SP = MARK;
1615 }
a0d0e21e 1616 PUSHTARG;
79072805 1617 }
a0d0e21e 1618 RETURN;
748a9306 1619 }
a0d0e21e 1620}
79072805 1621
a0d0e21e
LW
1622PP(pp_subtract)
1623{
800401ee
JH
1624 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; bool useleft; SV *svl, *svr;
1625 tryAMAGICbin(subtr,opASSIGN);
1626 svl = sv_2num(TOPm1s);
1627 svr = sv_2num(TOPs);
1628 useleft = USE_LEFT(svl);
28e5dec8 1629#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
7dca457a
NC
1630 /* See comments in pp_add (in pp_hot.c) about Overflow, and how
1631 "bad things" happen if you rely on signed integers wrapping. */
800401ee
JH
1632 SvIV_please(svr);
1633 if (SvIOK(svr)) {
28e5dec8
JH
1634 /* Unless the left argument is integer in range we are going to have to
1635 use NV maths. Hence only attempt to coerce the right argument if
1636 we know the left is integer. */
9c5ffd7c
JH
1637 register UV auv = 0;
1638 bool auvok = FALSE;
7dca457a
NC
1639 bool a_valid = 0;
1640
28e5dec8 1641 if (!useleft) {
7dca457a
NC
1642 auv = 0;
1643 a_valid = auvok = 1;
1644 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero. */
28e5dec8
JH
1645 } else {
1646 /* Left operand is defined, so is it IV? */
800401ee
JH
1647 SvIV_please(svl);
1648 if (SvIOK(svl)) {
1649 if ((auvok = SvUOK(svl)))
1650 auv = SvUVX(svl);
7dca457a 1651 else {
800401ee 1652 register const IV aiv = SvIVX(svl);
7dca457a
NC
1653 if (aiv >= 0) {
1654 auv = aiv;
1655 auvok = 1; /* Now acting as a sign flag. */
1656 } else { /* 2s complement assumption for IV_MIN */
1657 auv = (UV)-aiv;
28e5dec8 1658 }
7dca457a
NC
1659 }
1660 a_valid = 1;
1661 }
1662 }
1663 if (a_valid) {
1664 bool result_good = 0;
1665 UV result;
1666 register UV buv;
800401ee 1667 bool buvok = SvUOK(svr);
9041c2e3 1668
7dca457a 1669 if (buvok)
800401ee 1670 buv = SvUVX(svr);
7dca457a 1671 else {
800401ee 1672 register const IV biv = SvIVX(svr);
7dca457a
NC
1673 if (biv >= 0) {
1674 buv = biv;
1675 buvok = 1;
1676 } else
1677 buv = (UV)-biv;
1678 }
1679 /* ?uvok if value is >= 0. basically, flagged as UV if it's +ve,
602f51c4 1680 else "IV" now, independent of how it came in.
7dca457a
NC
1681 if a, b represents positive, A, B negative, a maps to -A etc
1682 a - b => (a - b)
1683 A - b => -(a + b)
1684 a - B => (a + b)
1685 A - B => -(a - b)
1686 all UV maths. negate result if A negative.
1687 subtract if signs same, add if signs differ. */
1688
1689 if (auvok ^ buvok) {
1690 /* Signs differ. */
1691 result = auv + buv;
1692 if (result >= auv)
1693 result_good = 1;
1694 } else {
1695 /* Signs same */
1696 if (auv >= buv) {
1697 result = auv - buv;
1698 /* Must get smaller */
1699 if (result <= auv)
1700 result_good = 1;
1701 } else {
1702 result = buv - auv;
1703 if (result <= buv) {
1704 /* result really should be -(auv-buv). as its negation
1705 of true value, need to swap our result flag */
1706 auvok = !auvok;
1707 result_good = 1;
28e5dec8 1708 }
28e5dec8
JH
1709 }
1710 }
7dca457a
NC
1711 if (result_good) {
1712 SP--;
1713 if (auvok)
1714 SETu( result );
1715 else {
1716 /* Negate result */
1717 if (result <= (UV)IV_MIN)
1718 SETi( -(IV)result );
1719 else {
1720 /* result valid, but out of range for IV. */
1721 SETn( -(NV)result );
1722 }
1723 }
1724 RETURN;
1725 } /* Overflow, drop through to NVs. */
28e5dec8
JH
1726 }
1727 }
1728#endif
a0d0e21e 1729 {
4efa5a16
RD
1730 NV value = SvNV(svr);
1731 (void)POPs;
1732
28e5dec8
JH
1733 if (!useleft) {
1734 /* left operand is undef, treat as zero - value */
1735 SETn(-value);
1736 RETURN;
1737 }
4efa5a16 1738 SETn( SvNV(svl) - value );
28e5dec8 1739 RETURN;
79072805 1740 }
a0d0e21e 1741}
79072805 1742
a0d0e21e
LW
1743PP(pp_left_shift)
1744{
97aff369 1745 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(lshift,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e 1746 {
1b6737cc 1747 const IV shift = POPi;
d0ba1bd2 1748 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
c445ea15 1749 const IV i = TOPi;
972b05a9 1750 SETi(i << shift);
d0ba1bd2
JH
1751 }
1752 else {
c445ea15 1753 const UV u = TOPu;
972b05a9 1754 SETu(u << shift);
d0ba1bd2 1755 }
55497cff 1756 RETURN;
79072805 1757 }
a0d0e21e 1758}
79072805 1759
a0d0e21e
LW
1760PP(pp_right_shift)
1761{
97aff369 1762 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(rshift,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e 1763 {
1b6737cc 1764 const IV shift = POPi;
d0ba1bd2 1765 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
0bd48802 1766 const IV i = TOPi;
972b05a9 1767 SETi(i >> shift);
d0ba1bd2
JH
1768 }
1769 else {
0bd48802 1770 const UV u = TOPu;
972b05a9 1771 SETu(u >> shift);
d0ba1bd2 1772 }
a0d0e21e 1773 RETURN;
93a17b20 1774 }
79072805
LW
1775}
1776
a0d0e21e 1777PP(pp_lt)
79072805 1778{
97aff369 1779 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(lt,0);
28e5dec8
JH
1780#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1781 SvIV_please(TOPs);
1782 if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
1783 SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
1784 if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
1785 bool auvok = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
1786 bool buvok = SvUOK(TOPs);
a227d84d 1787
28e5dec8 1788 if (!auvok && !buvok) { /* ## IV < IV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
1789 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
1790 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1791
1792 SP--;
1793 SETs(boolSV(aiv < biv));
1794 RETURN;
1795 }
1796 if (auvok && buvok) { /* ## UV < UV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
1797 const UV auv = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
1798 const UV buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1799
1800 SP--;
1801 SETs(boolSV(auv < buv));
1802 RETURN;
1803 }
1804 if (auvok) { /* ## UV < IV ## */
1805 UV auv;
1b6737cc 1806 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1807 SP--;
1808 if (biv < 0) {
1809 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >=0, so it cannot be < */
1810 SETs(&PL_sv_no);
1811 RETURN;
1812 }
1813 auv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1814 SETs(boolSV(auv < (UV)biv));
1815 RETURN;
1816 }
1817 { /* ## IV < UV ## */
1b6737cc 1818 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
28e5dec8
JH
1819 UV buv;
1820
28e5dec8
JH
1821 if (aiv < 0) {
1822 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >=0, so it must be < */
1823 SP--;
1824 SETs(&PL_sv_yes);
1825 RETURN;
1826 }
1827 buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
1828 SP--;
28e5dec8
JH
1829 SETs(boolSV((UV)aiv < buv));
1830 RETURN;
1831 }
1832 }
1833 }
1834#endif
30de85b6 1835#ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
50fb3111
NC
1836#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1837 else
1838#endif
0bdaccee
NC
1839 if (SvROK(TOPs) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPs) && SvROK(TOPm1s) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPm1s)) {
1840 SP--;
1841 SETs(boolSV(SvRV(TOPs) < SvRV(TOPp1s)));
1842 RETURN;
1843 }
30de85b6 1844#endif
a0d0e21e 1845 {
cab190d4
JD
1846#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
1847 dPOPTOPnnrl;
1848 if (Perl_isnan(left) || Perl_isnan(right))
1849 RETSETNO;
1850 SETs(boolSV(left < right));
1851#else
a0d0e21e 1852 dPOPnv;
54310121 1853 SETs(boolSV(TOPn < value));
cab190d4 1854#endif
a0d0e21e 1855 RETURN;
79072805 1856 }
a0d0e21e 1857}
79072805 1858
a0d0e21e
LW
1859PP(pp_gt)
1860{
97aff369 1861 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(gt,0);
28e5dec8
JH
1862#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1863 SvIV_please(TOPs);
1864 if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
1865 SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
1866 if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
1867 bool auvok = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
1868 bool buvok = SvUOK(TOPs);
a227d84d 1869
28e5dec8 1870 if (!auvok && !buvok) { /* ## IV > IV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
1871 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
1872 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
1873
28e5dec8
JH
1874 SP--;
1875 SETs(boolSV(aiv > biv));
1876 RETURN;
1877 }
1878 if (auvok && buvok) { /* ## UV > UV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
1879 const UV auv = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
1880 const UV buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1881
1882 SP--;
1883 SETs(boolSV(auv > buv));
1884 RETURN;
1885 }
1886 if (auvok) { /* ## UV > IV ## */
1887 UV auv;
1b6737cc
AL
1888 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
1889
28e5dec8
JH
1890 SP--;
1891 if (biv < 0) {
1892 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >=0, so it must be > */
1893 SETs(&PL_sv_yes);
1894 RETURN;
1895 }
1896 auv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1897 SETs(boolSV(auv > (UV)biv));
1898 RETURN;
1899 }
1900 { /* ## IV > UV ## */
1b6737cc 1901 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
28e5dec8
JH
1902 UV buv;
1903
28e5dec8
JH
1904 if (aiv < 0) {
1905 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >=0, so it cannot be > */
1906 SP--;
1907 SETs(&PL_sv_no);
1908 RETURN;
1909 }
1910 buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
1911 SP--;
28e5dec8
JH
1912 SETs(boolSV((UV)aiv > buv));
1913 RETURN;
1914 }
1915 }
1916 }
1917#endif
30de85b6 1918#ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
50fb3111
NC
1919#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1920 else
1921#endif
0bdaccee 1922 if (SvROK(TOPs) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPs) && SvROK(TOPm1s) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPm1s)) {
30de85b6
NC
1923 SP--;
1924 SETs(boolSV(SvRV(TOPs) > SvRV(TOPp1s)));
1925 RETURN;
1926 }
1927#endif
a0d0e21e 1928 {
cab190d4
JD
1929#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
1930 dPOPTOPnnrl;
1931 if (Perl_isnan(left) || Perl_isnan(right))
1932 RETSETNO;
1933 SETs(boolSV(left > right));
1934#else
a0d0e21e 1935 dPOPnv;
54310121 1936 SETs(boolSV(TOPn > value));
cab190d4 1937#endif
a0d0e21e 1938 RETURN;
79072805 1939 }
a0d0e21e
LW
1940}
1941
1942PP(pp_le)
1943{
97aff369 1944 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(le,0);
28e5dec8
JH
1945#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
1946 SvIV_please(TOPs);
1947 if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
1948 SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
1949 if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
1950 bool auvok = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
1951 bool buvok = SvUOK(TOPs);
a227d84d 1952
28e5dec8 1953 if (!auvok && !buvok) { /* ## IV <= IV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
1954 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
1955 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1956
1957 SP--;
1958 SETs(boolSV(aiv <= biv));
1959 RETURN;
1960 }
1961 if (auvok && buvok) { /* ## UV <= UV ## */
1962 UV auv = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
1963 UV buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
1964
1965 SP--;
1966 SETs(boolSV(auv <= buv));
1967 RETURN;
1968 }
1969 if (auvok) { /* ## UV <= IV ## */
1970 UV auv;
1b6737cc
AL
1971 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
1972
28e5dec8
JH
1973 SP--;
1974 if (biv < 0) {
1975 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >=0, so a cannot be <= */
1976 SETs(&PL_sv_no);
1977 RETURN;
1978 }
1979 auv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
1980 SETs(boolSV(auv <= (UV)biv));
1981 RETURN;
1982 }
1983 { /* ## IV <= UV ## */
1b6737cc 1984 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
28e5dec8 1985 UV buv;
1b6737cc 1986
28e5dec8
JH
1987 if (aiv < 0) {
1988 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >=0, so a must be <= */
1989 SP--;
1990 SETs(&PL_sv_yes);
1991 RETURN;
1992 }
1993 buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
1994 SP--;
28e5dec8
JH
1995 SETs(boolSV((UV)aiv <= buv));
1996 RETURN;
1997 }
1998 }
1999 }
2000#endif
30de85b6 2001#ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
50fb3111
NC
2002#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2003 else
2004#endif
0bdaccee 2005 if (SvROK(TOPs) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPs) && SvROK(TOPm1s) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPm1s)) {
30de85b6
NC
2006 SP--;
2007 SETs(boolSV(SvRV(TOPs) <= SvRV(TOPp1s)));
2008 RETURN;
2009 }
2010#endif
a0d0e21e 2011 {
cab190d4
JD
2012#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
2013 dPOPTOPnnrl;
2014 if (Perl_isnan(left) || Perl_isnan(right))
2015 RETSETNO;
2016 SETs(boolSV(left <= right));
2017#else
a0d0e21e 2018 dPOPnv;
54310121 2019 SETs(boolSV(TOPn <= value));
cab190d4 2020#endif
a0d0e21e 2021 RETURN;
79072805 2022 }
a0d0e21e
LW
2023}
2024
2025PP(pp_ge)
2026{
97aff369 2027 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ge,0);
28e5dec8
JH
2028#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2029 SvIV_please(TOPs);
2030 if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
2031 SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
2032 if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
2033 bool auvok = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
2034 bool buvok = SvUOK(TOPs);
a227d84d 2035
28e5dec8 2036 if (!auvok && !buvok) { /* ## IV >= IV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
2037 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
2038 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
2039
28e5dec8
JH
2040 SP--;
2041 SETs(boolSV(aiv >= biv));
2042 RETURN;
2043 }
2044 if (auvok && buvok) { /* ## UV >= UV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
2045 const UV auv = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
2046 const UV buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
2047
28e5dec8
JH
2048 SP--;
2049 SETs(boolSV(auv >= buv));
2050 RETURN;
2051 }
2052 if (auvok) { /* ## UV >= IV ## */
2053 UV auv;
1b6737cc
AL
2054 const IV biv = SvIVX(TOPs);
2055
28e5dec8
JH
2056 SP--;
2057 if (biv < 0) {
2058 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >=0, so it must be >= */
2059 SETs(&PL_sv_yes);
2060 RETURN;
2061 }
2062 auv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
2063 SETs(boolSV(auv >= (UV)biv));
2064 RETURN;
2065 }
2066 { /* ## IV >= UV ## */
1b6737cc 2067 const IV aiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
28e5dec8 2068 UV buv;
1b6737cc 2069
28e5dec8
JH
2070 if (aiv < 0) {
2071 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >=0, so a cannot be >= */
2072 SP--;
2073 SETs(&PL_sv_no);
2074 RETURN;
2075 }
2076 buv = SvUVX(TOPs);
2077 SP--;
28e5dec8
JH
2078 SETs(boolSV((UV)aiv >= buv));
2079 RETURN;
2080 }
2081 }
2082 }
2083#endif
30de85b6 2084#ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
50fb3111
NC
2085#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2086 else
2087#endif
0bdaccee 2088 if (SvROK(TOPs) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPs) && SvROK(TOPm1s) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPm1s)) {
30de85b6
NC
2089 SP--;
2090 SETs(boolSV(SvRV(TOPs) >= SvRV(TOPp1s)));
2091 RETURN;
2092 }
2093#endif
a0d0e21e 2094 {
cab190d4
JD
2095#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
2096 dPOPTOPnnrl;
2097 if (Perl_isnan(left) || Perl_isnan(right))
2098 RETSETNO;
2099 SETs(boolSV(left >= right));
2100#else
a0d0e21e 2101 dPOPnv;
54310121 2102 SETs(boolSV(TOPn >= value));
cab190d4 2103#endif
a0d0e21e 2104 RETURN;
79072805 2105 }
a0d0e21e 2106}
79072805 2107
a0d0e21e
LW
2108PP(pp_ne)
2109{
97aff369 2110 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ne,0);
3bb2c415 2111#ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
0bdaccee 2112 if (SvROK(TOPs) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPs) && SvROK(TOPm1s) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPm1s)) {
e61d22ef
NC
2113 SP--;
2114 SETs(boolSV(SvRV(TOPs) != SvRV(TOPp1s)));
3bb2c415
JH
2115 RETURN;
2116 }
2117#endif
28e5dec8
JH
2118#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2119 SvIV_please(TOPs);
2120 if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
2121 SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
2122 if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
0bd48802
AL
2123 const bool auvok = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
2124 const bool buvok = SvUOK(TOPs);
a227d84d 2125
30de85b6
NC
2126 if (auvok == buvok) { /* ## IV == IV or UV == UV ## */
2127 /* Casting IV to UV before comparison isn't going to matter
2128 on 2s complement. On 1s complement or sign&magnitude
2129 (if we have any of them) it could make negative zero
2130 differ from normal zero. As I understand it. (Need to
2131 check - is negative zero implementation defined behaviour
2132 anyway?). NWC */
1b6737cc
AL
2133 const UV buv = SvUVX(POPs);
2134 const UV auv = SvUVX(TOPs);
2135
28e5dec8
JH
2136 SETs(boolSV(auv != buv));
2137 RETURN;
2138 }
2139 { /* ## Mixed IV,UV ## */
2140 IV iv;
2141 UV uv;
2142
2143 /* != is commutative so swap if needed (save code) */
2144 if (auvok) {
2145 /* swap. top of stack (b) is the iv */
2146 iv = SvIVX(TOPs);
2147 SP--;
2148 if (iv < 0) {
2149 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >0, so it cannot be == */
2150 SETs(&PL_sv_yes);
2151 RETURN;
2152 }
2153 uv = SvUVX(TOPs);
2154 } else {
2155 iv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
2156 SP--;
2157 if (iv < 0) {
2158 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >0, so it cannot be == */
2159 SETs(&PL_sv_yes);
2160 RETURN;
2161 }
2162 uv = SvUVX(*(SP+1)); /* Do I want TOPp1s() ? */
2163 }
28e5dec8
JH
2164 SETs(boolSV((UV)iv != uv));
2165 RETURN;
2166 }
2167 }
2168 }
2169#endif
a0d0e21e 2170 {
cab190d4
JD
2171#if defined(NAN_COMPARE_BROKEN) && defined(Perl_isnan)
2172 dPOPTOPnnrl;
2173 if (Perl_isnan(left) || Perl_isnan(right))
2174 RETSETYES;
2175 SETs(boolSV(left != right));
2176#else
a0d0e21e 2177 dPOPnv;
54310121 2178 SETs(boolSV(TOPn != value));
cab190d4 2179#endif
a0d0e21e
LW
2180 RETURN;
2181 }
79072805
LW
2182}
2183
a0d0e21e 2184PP(pp_ncmp)
79072805 2185{
97aff369 2186 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(ncmp,0);
d8c7644e 2187#ifndef NV_PRESERVES_UV
0bdaccee 2188 if (SvROK(TOPs) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPs) && SvROK(TOPm1s) && !SvAMAGIC(TOPm1s)) {
0bd48802
AL
2189 const UV right = PTR2UV(SvRV(POPs));
2190 const UV left = PTR2UV(SvRV(TOPs));
e61d22ef 2191 SETi((left > right) - (left < right));
d8c7644e
JH
2192 RETURN;
2193 }
2194#endif
28e5dec8
JH
2195#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2196 /* Fortunately it seems NaN isn't IOK */
2197 SvIV_please(TOPs);
2198 if (SvIOK(TOPs)) {
2199 SvIV_please(TOPm1s);
2200 if (SvIOK(TOPm1s)) {
1b6737cc
AL
2201 const bool leftuvok = SvUOK(TOPm1s);
2202 const bool rightuvok = SvUOK(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
2203 I32 value;
2204 if (!leftuvok && !rightuvok) { /* ## IV <=> IV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
2205 const IV leftiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
2206 const IV rightiv = SvIVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
2207
2208 if (leftiv > rightiv)
2209 value = 1;
2210 else if (leftiv < rightiv)
2211 value = -1;
2212 else
2213 value = 0;
2214 } else if (leftuvok && rightuvok) { /* ## UV <=> UV ## */
1b6737cc
AL
2215 const UV leftuv = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
2216 const UV rightuv = SvUVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
2217
2218 if (leftuv > rightuv)
2219 value = 1;
2220 else if (leftuv < rightuv)
2221 value = -1;
2222 else
2223 value = 0;
2224 } else if (leftuvok) { /* ## UV <=> IV ## */
1b6737cc 2225 const IV rightiv = SvIVX(TOPs);
28e5dec8
JH
2226 if (rightiv < 0) {
2227 /* As (a) is a UV, it's >=0, so it cannot be < */
2228 value = 1;
2229 } else {
1b6737cc 2230 const UV leftuv = SvUVX(TOPm1s);
83bac5dd 2231 if (leftuv > (UV)rightiv) {
28e5dec8
JH
2232 value = 1;
2233 } else if (leftuv < (UV)rightiv) {
2234 value = -1;
2235 } else {
2236 value = 0;
2237 }
2238 }
2239 } else { /* ## IV <=> UV ## */
1b6737cc 2240 const IV leftiv = SvIVX(TOPm1s);
28e5dec8
JH
2241 if (leftiv < 0) {
2242 /* As (b) is a UV, it's >=0, so it must be < */
2243 value = -1;
2244 } else {
1b6737cc 2245 const UV rightuv = SvUVX(TOPs);
83bac5dd 2246 if ((UV)leftiv > rightuv) {
28e5dec8 2247 value = 1;
83bac5dd 2248 } else if ((UV)leftiv < rightuv) {
28e5dec8
JH
2249 value = -1;
2250 } else {
2251 value = 0;
2252 }
2253 }
2254 }
2255 SP--;
2256 SETi(value);
2257 RETURN;
2258 }
2259 }
2260#endif
a0d0e21e
LW
2261 {
2262 dPOPTOPnnrl;
2263 I32 value;
79072805 2264
a3540c92 2265#ifdef Perl_isnan
1ad04cfd
JH
2266 if (Perl_isnan(left) || Perl_isnan(right)) {
2267 SETs(&PL_sv_undef);
2268 RETURN;
2269 }
2270 value = (left > right) - (left < right);
2271#else
ff0cee69 2272 if (left == right)
a0d0e21e 2273 value = 0;
a0d0e21e
LW
2274 else if (left < right)
2275 value = -1;
44a8e56a 2276 else if (left > right)
2277 value = 1;
2278 else {
3280af22 2279 SETs(&PL_sv_undef);
44a8e56a 2280 RETURN;
2281 }
1ad04cfd 2282#endif
a0d0e21e
LW
2283 SETi(value);
2284 RETURN;
79072805 2285 }
a0d0e21e 2286}
79072805 2287
afd9910b 2288PP(pp_sle)
a0d0e21e 2289{
97aff369 2290 dVAR; dSP;
79072805 2291
afd9910b
NC
2292 int amg_type = sle_amg;
2293 int multiplier = 1;
2294 int rhs = 1;
79072805 2295
afd9910b
NC
2296 switch (PL_op->op_type) {
2297 case OP_SLT:
2298 amg_type = slt_amg;
2299 /* cmp < 0 */
2300 rhs = 0;
2301 break;
2302 case OP_SGT:
2303 amg_type = sgt_amg;
2304 /* cmp > 0 */
2305 multiplier = -1;
2306 rhs = 0;
2307 break;
2308 case OP_SGE:
2309 amg_type = sge_amg;
2310 /* cmp >= 0 */
2311 multiplier = -1;
2312 break;
79072805 2313 }
79072805 2314
afd9910b 2315 tryAMAGICbinSET_var(amg_type,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2316 {
2317 dPOPTOPssrl;
1b6737cc 2318 const int cmp = (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME
bbce6d69 2319 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
2320 : sv_cmp(left, right));
afd9910b 2321 SETs(boolSV(cmp * multiplier < rhs));
a0d0e21e
LW
2322 RETURN;
2323 }
2324}
79072805 2325
36477c24 2326PP(pp_seq)
2327{
97aff369 2328 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(seq,0);
36477c24 2329 {
2330 dPOPTOPssrl;
54310121 2331 SETs(boolSV(sv_eq(left, right)));
a0d0e21e
LW
2332 RETURN;
2333 }
2334}
79072805 2335
a0d0e21e 2336PP(pp_sne)
79072805 2337{
97aff369 2338 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(sne,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2339 {
2340 dPOPTOPssrl;
54310121 2341 SETs(boolSV(!sv_eq(left, right)));
a0d0e21e 2342 RETURN;
463ee0b2 2343 }
79072805
LW
2344}
2345
a0d0e21e 2346PP(pp_scmp)
79072805 2347{
97aff369 2348 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(scmp,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2349 {
2350 dPOPTOPssrl;
1b6737cc 2351 const int cmp = (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME
bbce6d69 2352 ? sv_cmp_locale(left, right)
2353 : sv_cmp(left, right));
2354 SETi( cmp );
a0d0e21e
LW
2355 RETURN;
2356 }
2357}
79072805 2358
55497cff 2359PP(pp_bit_and)
2360{
97aff369 2361 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(band,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e
LW
2362 {
2363 dPOPTOPssrl;
5b295bef
RD
2364 SvGETMAGIC(left);
2365 SvGETMAGIC(right);
4633a7c4 2366 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
d0ba1bd2 2367 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1b6737cc 2368 const IV i = SvIV_nomg(left) & SvIV_nomg(right);
972b05a9 2369 SETi(i);
d0ba1bd2
JH
2370 }
2371 else {
1b6737cc 2372 const UV u = SvUV_nomg(left) & SvUV_nomg(right);
972b05a9 2373 SETu(u);
d0ba1bd2 2374 }
a0d0e21e
LW
2375 }
2376 else {
533c011a 2377 do_vop(PL_op->op_type, TARG, left, right);
a0d0e21e
LW
2378 SETTARG;
2379 }
2380 RETURN;
2381 }
2382}
79072805 2383
a0d0e21e
LW
2384PP(pp_bit_or)
2385{
3658c1f1
NC
2386 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET;
2387 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
2388
2389 tryAMAGICbin_var((op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? bor_amg : bxor_amg), opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e
LW
2390 {
2391 dPOPTOPssrl;
5b295bef
RD
2392 SvGETMAGIC(left);
2393 SvGETMAGIC(right);
4633a7c4 2394 if (SvNIOKp(left) || SvNIOKp(right)) {
d0ba1bd2 2395 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
3658c1f1
NC
2396 const IV l = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvIV_nomg(left) : 0);
2397 const IV r = SvIV_nomg(right);
2398 const IV result = op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? (l | r) : (l ^ r);
2399 SETi(result);
d0ba1bd2
JH
2400 }
2401 else {
3658c1f1
NC
2402 const UV l = (USE_LEFT(left) ? SvUV_nomg(left) : 0);
2403 const UV r = SvUV_nomg(right);
2404 const UV result = op_type == OP_BIT_OR ? (l | r) : (l ^ r);
2405 SETu(result);
d0ba1bd2 2406 }
a0d0e21e
LW
2407 }
2408 else {
3658c1f1 2409 do_vop(op_type, TARG, left, right);
a0d0e21e
LW
2410 SETTARG;
2411 }
2412 RETURN;
79072805 2413 }
a0d0e21e 2414}
79072805 2415
a0d0e21e
LW
2416PP(pp_negate)
2417{
97aff369 2418 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(neg);
a0d0e21e 2419 {
800401ee 2420 SV * const sv = sv_2num(TOPs);
1b6737cc 2421 const int flags = SvFLAGS(sv);
5b295bef 2422 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
28e5dec8
JH
2423 if ((flags & SVf_IOK) || ((flags & (SVp_IOK | SVp_NOK)) == SVp_IOK)) {
2424 /* It's publicly an integer, or privately an integer-not-float */
2425 oops_its_an_int:
9b0e499b
GS
2426 if (SvIsUV(sv)) {
2427 if (SvIVX(sv) == IV_MIN) {
28e5dec8 2428 /* 2s complement assumption. */
9b0e499b
GS
2429 SETi(SvIVX(sv)); /* special case: -((UV)IV_MAX+1) == IV_MIN */
2430 RETURN;
2431 }
2432 else if (SvUVX(sv) <= IV_MAX) {
beccb14c 2433 SETi(-SvIVX(sv));
9b0e499b
GS
2434 RETURN;
2435 }
2436 }
2437 else if (SvIVX(sv) != IV_MIN) {
2438 SETi(-SvIVX(sv));
2439 RETURN;
2440 }
28e5dec8
JH
2441#ifdef PERL_PRESERVE_IVUV
2442 else {
2443 SETu((UV)IV_MIN);
2444 RETURN;
2445 }
2446#endif
9b0e499b
GS
2447 }
2448 if (SvNIOKp(sv))
a0d0e21e 2449 SETn(-SvNV(sv));
4633a7c4 2450 else if (SvPOKp(sv)) {
a0d0e21e 2451 STRLEN len;
c445ea15 2452 const char * const s = SvPV_const(sv, len);
bbce6d69 2453 if (isIDFIRST(*s)) {
76f68e9b 2454 sv_setpvs(TARG, "-");
a0d0e21e 2455 sv_catsv(TARG, sv);
79072805 2456 }
a0d0e21e
LW
2457 else if (*s == '+' || *s == '-') {
2458 sv_setsv(TARG, sv);
2459 *SvPV_force(TARG, len) = *s == '-' ? '+' : '-';
79072805 2460 }
8eb28a70
JH
2461 else if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
2462 SvIV_please(sv);
2463 if (SvIOK(sv))
2464 goto oops_its_an_int;
2465 if (SvNOK(sv))
2466 sv_setnv(TARG, -SvNV(sv));
2467 else {
76f68e9b 2468 sv_setpvs(TARG, "-");
8eb28a70
JH
2469 sv_catsv(TARG, sv);
2470 }
834a4ddd 2471 }
28e5dec8 2472 else {
8eb28a70
JH
2473 SvIV_please(sv);
2474 if (SvIOK(sv))
2475 goto oops_its_an_int;
2476 sv_setnv(TARG, -SvNV(sv));
28e5dec8 2477 }
a0d0e21e 2478 SETTARG;
79072805 2479 }
4633a7c4
LW
2480 else
2481 SETn(-SvNV(sv));
79072805 2482 }
a0d0e21e 2483 RETURN;
79072805
LW
2484}
2485
a0d0e21e 2486PP(pp_not)
79072805 2487{
97aff369 2488 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICunSET(not);
3280af22 2489 *PL_stack_sp = boolSV(!SvTRUE(*PL_stack_sp));
a0d0e21e 2490 return NORMAL;
79072805
LW
2491}
2492
a0d0e21e 2493PP(pp_complement)
79072805 2494{
97aff369 2495 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(compl);
a0d0e21e
LW
2496 {
2497 dTOPss;
5b295bef 2498 SvGETMAGIC(sv);
4633a7c4 2499 if (SvNIOKp(sv)) {
d0ba1bd2 2500 if (PL_op->op_private & HINT_INTEGER) {
1b6737cc 2501 const IV i = ~SvIV_nomg(sv);
972b05a9 2502 SETi(i);
d0ba1bd2
JH
2503 }
2504 else {
1b6737cc 2505 const UV u = ~SvUV_nomg(sv);
972b05a9 2506 SETu(u);
d0ba1bd2 2507 }
a0d0e21e
LW
2508 }
2509 else {
51723571 2510 register U8 *tmps;
55497cff 2511 register I32 anum;
a0d0e21e
LW
2512 STRLEN len;
2513
10516c54 2514 (void)SvPV_nomg_const(sv,len); /* force check for uninit var */
891f9566 2515 sv_setsv_nomg(TARG, sv);
51723571 2516 tmps = (U8*)SvPV_force(TARG, len);
a0d0e21e 2517 anum = len;
1d68d6cd 2518 if (SvUTF8(TARG)) {
a1ca4561 2519 /* Calculate exact length, let's not estimate. */
1d68d6cd 2520 STRLEN targlen = 0;
ba210ebe 2521 STRLEN l;
a1ca4561
YST
2522 UV nchar = 0;
2523 UV nwide = 0;
01f6e806 2524 U8 * const send = tmps + len;
74d49cd0
TS
2525 U8 * const origtmps = tmps;
2526 const UV utf8flags = UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV;
1d68d6cd 2527
1d68d6cd 2528 while (tmps < send) {
74d49cd0
TS
2529 const UV c = utf8n_to_uvchr(tmps, send-tmps, &l, utf8flags);
2530 tmps += l;
5bbb0b5a 2531 targlen += UNISKIP(~c);
a1ca4561
YST
2532 nchar++;
2533 if (c > 0xff)
2534 nwide++;
1d68d6cd
SC
2535 }
2536
2537 /* Now rewind strings and write them. */
74d49cd0 2538 tmps = origtmps;
a1ca4561
YST
2539
2540 if (nwide) {
01f6e806
AL
2541 U8 *result;
2542 U8 *p;
2543
74d49cd0 2544 Newx(result, targlen + 1, U8);
01f6e806 2545 p = result;
a1ca4561 2546 while (tmps < send) {
74d49cd0
TS
2547 const UV c = utf8n_to_uvchr(tmps, send-tmps, &l, utf8flags);
2548 tmps += l;
01f6e806 2549 p = uvchr_to_utf8_flags(p, ~c, UNICODE_ALLOW_ANY);
a1ca4561 2550 }
01f6e806 2551 *p = '\0';
c1c21316
NC
2552 sv_usepvn_flags(TARG, (char*)result, targlen,
2553 SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
a1ca4561
YST
2554 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
2555 }
2556 else {
01f6e806
AL
2557 U8 *result;
2558 U8 *p;
2559
74d49cd0 2560 Newx(result, nchar + 1, U8);
01f6e806 2561 p = result;
a1ca4561 2562 while (tmps < send) {
74d49cd0
TS
2563 const U8 c = (U8)utf8n_to_uvchr(tmps, send-tmps, &l, utf8flags);
2564 tmps += l;
01f6e806 2565 *p++ = ~c;
a1ca4561 2566 }
01f6e806 2567 *p = '\0';
c1c21316 2568 sv_usepvn_flags(TARG, (char*)result, nchar, SV_HAS_TRAILING_NUL);
d0a21e00 2569 SvUTF8_off(TARG);
1d68d6cd 2570 }
ec93b65f 2571 SETTARG;
1d68d6cd
SC
2572 RETURN;
2573 }
a0d0e21e 2574#ifdef LIBERAL
51723571
JH
2575 {
2576 register long *tmpl;
2577 for ( ; anum && (unsigned long)tmps % sizeof(long); anum--, tmps++)
2578 *tmps = ~*tmps;
2579 tmpl = (long*)tmps;
bb7a0f54 2580 for ( ; anum >= (I32)sizeof(long); anum -= (I32)sizeof(long), tmpl++)
51723571
JH
2581 *tmpl = ~*tmpl;
2582 tmps = (U8*)tmpl;
2583 }
a0d0e21e
LW
2584#endif
2585 for ( ; anum > 0; anum--, tmps++)
2586 *tmps = ~*tmps;
ec93b65f 2587 SETTARG;
a0d0e21e
LW
2588 }
2589 RETURN;
2590 }
79072805
LW
2591}
2592
a0d0e21e
LW
2593/* integer versions of some of the above */
2594
a0d0e21e 2595PP(pp_i_multiply)
79072805 2596{
97aff369 2597 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(mult,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e
LW
2598 {
2599 dPOPTOPiirl;
2600 SETi( left * right );
2601 RETURN;
2602 }
79072805
LW
2603}
2604
a0d0e21e 2605PP(pp_i_divide)
79072805 2606{
ece1bcef 2607 IV num;
97aff369 2608 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(div,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e
LW
2609 {
2610 dPOPiv;
2611 if (value == 0)
ece1bcef
SP
2612 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal division by zero");
2613 num = POPi;
a0cec769
YST
2614
2615 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when num is IV_MIN */
2616 if (value == -1)
2617 value = - num;
2618 else
2619 value = num / value;
a0d0e21e
LW
2620 PUSHi( value );
2621 RETURN;
2622 }
79072805
LW
2623}
2624
befad5d1 2625#if defined(__GLIBC__) && IVSIZE == 8
224ec323
JH
2626STATIC
2627PP(pp_i_modulo_0)
befad5d1
NC
2628#else
2629PP(pp_i_modulo)
2630#endif
224ec323
JH
2631{
2632 /* This is the vanilla old i_modulo. */
27da23d5 2633 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(modulo,opASSIGN);
224ec323
JH
2634 {
2635 dPOPTOPiirl;
2636 if (!right)
2637 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
a0cec769
YST
2638 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when left is IV_MIN */
2639 if (right == -1)
2640 SETi( 0 );
2641 else
2642 SETi( left % right );
224ec323
JH
2643 RETURN;
2644 }
2645}
2646
11010fa3 2647#if defined(__GLIBC__) && IVSIZE == 8
224ec323
JH
2648STATIC
2649PP(pp_i_modulo_1)
befad5d1 2650
224ec323 2651{
224ec323 2652 /* This is the i_modulo with the workaround for the _moddi3 bug
fce2b89e 2653 * in (at least) glibc 2.2.5 (the PERL_ABS() the workaround).
224ec323 2654 * See below for pp_i_modulo. */
5186cc12 2655 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(modulo,opASSIGN);
224ec323
JH
2656 {
2657 dPOPTOPiirl;
2658 if (!right)
2659 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
a0cec769
YST
2660 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when left is IV_MIN */
2661 if (right == -1)
2662 SETi( 0 );
2663 else
2664 SETi( left % PERL_ABS(right) );
224ec323
JH
2665 RETURN;
2666 }
224ec323
JH
2667}
2668
a0d0e21e 2669PP(pp_i_modulo)
79072805 2670{
27da23d5 2671 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(modulo,opASSIGN);
224ec323
JH
2672 {
2673 dPOPTOPiirl;
2674 if (!right)
2675 DIE(aTHX_ "Illegal modulus zero");
2676 /* The assumption is to use hereafter the old vanilla version... */
2677 PL_op->op_ppaddr =
2678 PL_ppaddr[OP_I_MODULO] =
1c127fab 2679 Perl_pp_i_modulo_0;
224ec323
JH
2680 /* .. but if we have glibc, we might have a buggy _moddi3
2681 * (at least glicb 2.2.5 is known to have this bug), in other
2682 * words our integer modulus with negative quad as the second
2683 * argument might be broken. Test for this and re-patch the
2684 * opcode dispatch table if that is the case, remembering to
2685 * also apply the workaround so that this first round works
2686 * right, too. See [perl #9402] for more information. */
224ec323
JH
2687 {
2688 IV l = 3;
2689 IV r = -10;
2690 /* Cannot do this check with inlined IV constants since
2691 * that seems to work correctly even with the buggy glibc. */
2692 if (l % r == -3) {
2693 /* Yikes, we have the bug.
2694 * Patch in the workaround version. */
2695 PL_op->op_ppaddr =
2696 PL_ppaddr[OP_I_MODULO] =
2697 &Perl_pp_i_modulo_1;
2698 /* Make certain we work right this time, too. */
32fdb065 2699 right = PERL_ABS(right);
224ec323
JH
2700 }
2701 }
a0cec769
YST
2702 /* avoid FPE_INTOVF on some platforms when left is IV_MIN */
2703 if (right == -1)
2704 SETi( 0 );
2705 else
2706 SETi( left % right );
224ec323
JH
2707 RETURN;
2708 }
79072805 2709}
befad5d1 2710#endif
79072805 2711
a0d0e21e 2712PP(pp_i_add)
79072805 2713{
97aff369 2714 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(add,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e 2715 {
5e66d4f1 2716 dPOPTOPiirl_ul;
a0d0e21e
LW
2717 SETi( left + right );
2718 RETURN;
79072805 2719 }
79072805
LW
2720}
2721
a0d0e21e 2722PP(pp_i_subtract)
79072805 2723{
97aff369 2724 dVAR; dSP; dATARGET; tryAMAGICbin(subtr,opASSIGN);
a0d0e21e 2725 {
5e66d4f1 2726 dPOPTOPiirl_ul;
a0d0e21e
LW
2727 SETi( left - right );
2728 RETURN;
79072805 2729 }
79072805
LW
2730}
2731
a0d0e21e 2732PP(pp_i_lt)
79072805 2733{
97aff369 2734 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(lt,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2735 {
2736 dPOPTOPiirl;
54310121 2737 SETs(boolSV(left < right));
a0d0e21e
LW
2738 RETURN;
2739 }
79072805
LW
2740}
2741
a0d0e21e 2742PP(pp_i_gt)
79072805 2743{
97aff369 2744 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(gt,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2745 {
2746 dPOPTOPiirl;
54310121 2747 SETs(boolSV(left > right));
a0d0e21e
LW
2748 RETURN;
2749 }
79072805
LW
2750}
2751
a0d0e21e 2752PP(pp_i_le)
79072805 2753{
97aff369 2754 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(le,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2755 {
2756 dPOPTOPiirl;
54310121 2757 SETs(boolSV(left <= right));
a0d0e21e 2758 RETURN;
85e6fe83 2759 }
79072805
LW
2760}
2761
a0d0e21e 2762PP(pp_i_ge)
79072805 2763{
97aff369 2764 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ge,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2765 {
2766 dPOPTOPiirl;
54310121 2767 SETs(boolSV(left >= right));
a0d0e21e
LW
2768 RETURN;
2769 }
79072805
LW
2770}
2771
a0d0e21e 2772PP(pp_i_eq)
79072805 2773{
97aff369 2774 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(eq,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2775 {
2776 dPOPTOPiirl;
54310121 2777 SETs(boolSV(left == right));
a0d0e21e
LW
2778 RETURN;
2779 }
79072805
LW
2780}
2781
a0d0e21e 2782PP(pp_i_ne)
79072805 2783{
97aff369 2784 dVAR; dSP; tryAMAGICbinSET(ne,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2785 {
2786 dPOPTOPiirl;
54310121 2787 SETs(boolSV(left != right));
a0d0e21e
LW
2788 RETURN;
2789 }
79072805
LW
2790}
2791
a0d0e21e 2792PP(pp_i_ncmp)
79072805 2793{
97aff369 2794 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(ncmp,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2795 {
2796 dPOPTOPiirl;
2797 I32 value;
79072805 2798
a0d0e21e 2799 if (left > right)
79072805 2800 value = 1;
a0d0e21e 2801 else if (left < right)
79072805 2802 value = -1;
a0d0e21e 2803 else
79072805 2804 value = 0;
a0d0e21e
LW
2805 SETi(value);
2806 RETURN;
79072805 2807 }
85e6fe83
LW
2808}
2809
2810PP(pp_i_negate)
2811{
97aff369 2812 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(neg);
85e6fe83
LW
2813 SETi(-TOPi);
2814 RETURN;
2815}
2816
79072805
LW
2817/* High falutin' math. */
2818
2819PP(pp_atan2)
2820{
97aff369 2821 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICbin(atan2,0);
a0d0e21e
LW
2822 {
2823 dPOPTOPnnrl;
a1021d57 2824 SETn(Perl_atan2(left, right));
a0d0e21e
LW
2825 RETURN;
2826 }
79072805
LW
2827}
2828
2829PP(pp_sin)
2830{
71302fe3
NC
2831 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
2832 int amg_type = sin_amg;
2833 const char *neg_report = NULL;
bc81784a 2834 NV (*func)(NV) = Perl_sin;
71302fe3
NC
2835 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
2836
2837 switch (op_type) {
2838 case OP_COS:
2839 amg_type = cos_amg;
bc81784a 2840 func = Perl_cos;
71302fe3
NC
2841 break;
2842 case OP_EXP:
2843 amg_type = exp_amg;
bc81784a 2844 func = Perl_exp;
71302fe3
NC
2845 break;
2846 case OP_LOG:
2847 amg_type = log_amg;
bc81784a 2848 func = Perl_log;
71302fe3
NC
2849 neg_report = "log";
2850 break;
2851 case OP_SQRT:
2852 amg_type = sqrt_amg;
bc81784a 2853 func = Perl_sqrt;
71302fe3
NC
2854 neg_report = "sqrt";
2855 break;
a0d0e21e 2856 }
79072805 2857
71302fe3 2858 tryAMAGICun_var(amg_type);
a0d0e21e 2859 {
1b6737cc 2860 const NV value = POPn;
71302fe3
NC
2861 if (neg_report) {
2862 if (op_type == OP_LOG ? (value <= 0.0) : (value < 0.0)) {
2863 SET_NUMERIC_STANDARD();
2864 DIE(aTHX_ "Can't take %s of %"NVgf, neg_report, value);
2865 }
2866 }
2867 XPUSHn(func(value));
a0d0e21e
LW
2868 RETURN;
2869 }
79072805
LW
2870}
2871
56cb0a1c
AD
2872/* Support Configure command-line overrides for rand() functions.
2873 After 5.005, perhaps we should replace this by Configure support
2874 for drand48(), random(), or rand(). For 5.005, though, maintain
2875 compatibility by calling rand() but allow the user to override it.
2876 See INSTALL for details. --Andy Dougherty 15 July 1998
2877*/
85ab1d1d
JH
2878/* Now it's after 5.005, and Configure supports drand48() and random(),
2879 in addition to rand(). So the overrides should not be needed any more.
2880 --Jarkko Hietaniemi 27 September 1998
2881 */
2882
2883#ifndef HAS_DRAND48_PROTO
20ce7b12 2884extern double drand48 (void);
56cb0a1c
AD
2885#endif
2886
79072805
LW
2887PP(pp_rand)
2888{
97aff369 2889 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
65202027 2890 NV value;
79072805
LW
2891 if (MAXARG < 1)
2892 value = 1.0;
2893 else
2894 value = POPn;
2895 if (value == 0.0)
2896 value = 1.0;
80252599 2897 if (!PL_srand_called) {
85ab1d1d 2898 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)seed());
80252599 2899 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
93dc8474 2900 }
85ab1d1d 2901 value *= Drand01();
79072805
LW
2902 XPUSHn(value);
2903 RETURN;
2904}
2905
2906PP(pp_srand)
2907{
97aff369 2908 dVAR; dSP;
0bd48802 2909 const UV anum = (MAXARG < 1) ? seed() : POPu;
85ab1d1d 2910 (void)seedDrand01((Rand_seed_t)anum);
80252599 2911 PL_srand_called = TRUE;
79072805
LW
2912 EXTEND(SP, 1);
2913 RETPUSHYES;
2914}
2915
79072805
LW
2916PP(pp_int)
2917{
97aff369 2918 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(int);
774d564b 2919 {
800401ee
JH
2920 SV * const sv = sv_2num(TOPs);
2921 const IV iv = SvIV(sv);
28e5dec8
JH
2922 /* XXX it's arguable that compiler casting to IV might be subtly
2923 different from modf (for numbers inside (IV_MIN,UV_MAX)) in which
2924 else preferring IV has introduced a subtle behaviour change bug. OTOH
2925 relying on floating point to be accurate is a bug. */
2926
c781a409 2927 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
922c4365 2928 SETu(0);
c781a409
RD
2929 }
2930 else if (SvIOK(sv)) {
2931 if (SvIsUV(sv))
2932 SETu(SvUV(sv));
2933 else
28e5dec8 2934 SETi(iv);
c781a409 2935 }
c781a409
RD
2936 else {
2937 const NV value = SvNV(sv);
1048ea30 2938 if (value >= 0.0) {
28e5dec8
JH
2939 if (value < (NV)UV_MAX + 0.5) {
2940 SETu(U_V(value));
2941 } else {
059a1014 2942 SETn(Perl_floor(value));
28e5dec8 2943 }
1048ea30 2944 }
28e5dec8
JH
2945 else {
2946 if (value > (NV)IV_MIN - 0.5) {
2947 SETi(I_V(value));
2948 } else {
1bbae031 2949 SETn(Perl_ceil(value));
28e5dec8
JH
2950 }
2951 }
774d564b 2952 }
79072805 2953 }
79072805
LW
2954 RETURN;
2955}
2956
463ee0b2
LW
2957PP(pp_abs)
2958{
97aff369 2959 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET; tryAMAGICun(abs);
a0d0e21e 2960 {
800401ee 2961 SV * const sv = sv_2num(TOPs);
28e5dec8 2962 /* This will cache the NV value if string isn't actually integer */
800401ee 2963 const IV iv = SvIV(sv);
a227d84d 2964
800401ee 2965 if (!SvOK(sv)) {
922c4365 2966 SETu(0);
800401ee
JH
2967 }
2968 else if (SvIOK(sv)) {
28e5dec8 2969 /* IVX is precise */
800401ee
JH
2970 if (SvIsUV(sv)) {
2971 SETu(SvUV(sv)); /* force it to be numeric only */
28e5dec8
JH
2972 } else {
2973 if (iv >= 0) {
2974 SETi(iv);
2975 } else {
2976 if (iv != IV_MIN) {
2977 SETi(-iv);
2978 } else {
2979 /* 2s complement assumption. Also, not really needed as
2980 IV_MIN and -IV_MIN should both be %100...00 and NV-able */
2981 SETu(IV_MIN);
2982 }
a227d84d 2983 }
28e5dec8
JH
2984 }
2985 } else{
800401ee 2986 const NV value = SvNV(sv);
774d564b 2987 if (value < 0.0)
1b6737cc 2988 SETn(-value);
a4474c9e
DD
2989 else
2990 SETn(value);
774d564b 2991 }
a0d0e21e 2992 }
774d564b 2993 RETURN;
463ee0b2
LW
2994}
2995
79072805
LW
2996PP(pp_oct)
2997{
97aff369 2998 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
5c144d81 2999 const char *tmps;
53305cf1 3000 I32 flags = PERL_SCAN_ALLOW_UNDERSCORES;
6f894ead 3001 STRLEN len;
53305cf1
NC
3002 NV result_nv;
3003 UV result_uv;
1b6737cc 3004 SV* const sv = POPs;
79072805 3005
349d4f2f 3006 tmps = (SvPV_const(sv, len));
2bc69dc4
NIS
3007 if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
3008 /* If Unicode, try to downgrade
3009 * If not possible, croak. */
1b6737cc 3010 SV* const tsv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(sv));
2bc69dc4
NIS
3011
3012 SvUTF8_on(tsv);
3013 sv_utf8_downgrade(tsv, FALSE);
349d4f2f 3014 tmps = SvPV_const(tsv, len);
2bc69dc4 3015 }
daa2adfd
NC
3016 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_HEX)
3017 goto hex;
3018
6f894ead 3019 while (*tmps && len && isSPACE(*tmps))
53305cf1 3020 tmps++, len--;
9e24b6e2 3021 if (*tmps == '0')
53305cf1 3022 tmps++, len--;
daa2adfd
NC
3023 if (*tmps == 'x') {
3024 hex:
53305cf1 3025 result_uv = grok_hex (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
daa2adfd 3026 }
9e24b6e2 3027 else if (*tmps == 'b')
53305cf1 3028 result_uv = grok_bin (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
464e2e8a 3029 else
53305cf1
NC
3030 result_uv = grok_oct (tmps, &len, &flags, &result_nv);
3031
3032 if (flags & PERL_SCAN_GREATER_THAN_UV_MAX) {
3033 XPUSHn(result_nv);
3034 }
3035 else {
3036 XPUSHu(result_uv);
3037 }
79072805
LW
3038 RETURN;
3039}
3040
3041/* String stuff. */
3042
3043PP(pp_length)
3044{
97aff369 3045 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
0bd48802 3046 SV * const sv = TOPs;
a0ed51b3 3047
656266fc 3048 if (SvGAMAGIC(sv)) {
9f621bb0
NC
3049 /* For an overloaded or magic scalar, we can't know in advance if
3050 it's going to be UTF-8 or not. Also, we can't call sv_len_utf8 as
3051 it likes to cache the length. Maybe that should be a documented
3052 feature of it.
92331800
NC
3053 */
3054 STRLEN len;
9f621bb0
NC
3055 const char *const p
3056 = sv_2pv_flags(sv, &len,
3057 SV_UNDEF_RETURNS_NULL|SV_CONST_RETURN|SV_GMAGIC);
92331800 3058
9f621bb0
NC
3059 if (!p)
3060 SETs(&PL_sv_undef);
3061 else if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
899be101 3062 SETi(utf8_length((U8*)p, (U8*)p + len));
92331800
NC
3063 }
3064 else
3065 SETi(len);
656266fc 3066 } else if (SvOK(sv)) {
9f621bb0
NC
3067 /* Neither magic nor overloaded. */
3068 if (DO_UTF8(sv))
3069 SETi(sv_len_utf8(sv));
3070 else
3071 SETi(sv_len(sv));
656266fc
NC
3072 } else {
3073 SETs(&PL_sv_undef);
92331800 3074 }
79072805
LW
3075 RETURN;
3076}
3077
3078PP(pp_substr)
3079{
97aff369 3080 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
79072805 3081 SV *sv;
9c5ffd7c 3082 I32 len = 0;
463ee0b2 3083 STRLEN curlen;
9402d6ed 3084 STRLEN utf8_curlen;
79072805
LW
3085 I32 pos;
3086 I32 rem;
84902520 3087 I32 fail;
050e6362 3088 const I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
e1ec3a88 3089 const char *tmps;
fc15ae8f 3090 const I32 arybase = CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop);
9402d6ed 3091 SV *repl_sv = NULL;
cbbf8932 3092 const char *repl = NULL;
7b8d334a 3093 STRLEN repl_len;
050e6362 3094 const int num_args = PL_op->op_private & 7;
13e30c65 3095 bool repl_need_utf8_upgrade = FALSE;
9402d6ed 3096 bool repl_is_utf8 = FALSE;
79072805 3097
20408e3c 3098 SvTAINTED_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
7e2040f0 3099 SvUTF8_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
78f9721b
SM
3100 if (num_args > 2) {
3101 if (num_args > 3) {
9402d6ed 3102 repl_sv = POPs;
83003860 3103 repl = SvPV_const(repl_sv, repl_len);
9402d6ed 3104 repl_is_utf8 = DO_UTF8(repl_sv) && SvCUR(repl_sv);
7b8d334a 3105 }
79072805 3106 len = POPi;
5d82c453 3107 }
84902520 3108 pos = POPi;
79072805 3109 sv = POPs;
849ca7ee 3110 PUTBACK;
9402d6ed
JH
3111 if (repl_sv) {
3112 if (repl_is_utf8) {
3113 if (!DO_UTF8(sv))
3114 sv_utf8_upgrade(sv);
3115 }
13e30c65
JH
3116 else if (DO_UTF8(sv))
3117 repl_need_utf8_upgrade = TRUE;
9402d6ed 3118 }
5c144d81 3119 tmps = SvPV_const(sv, curlen);
7e2040f0 3120 if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
9402d6ed
JH
3121 utf8_curlen = sv_len_utf8(sv);
3122 if (utf8_curlen == curlen)
3123 utf8_curlen = 0;
a0ed51b3 3124 else
9402d6ed 3125 curlen = utf8_curlen;
a0ed51b3 3126 }
d1c2b58a 3127 else
9402d6ed 3128 utf8_curlen = 0;
a0ed51b3 3129
84902520
TB
3130 if (pos >= arybase) {
3131 pos -= arybase;
3132 rem = curlen-pos;
3133 fail = rem;
78f9721b 3134 if (num_args > 2) {
5d82c453
GA
3135 if (len < 0) {
3136 rem += len;
3137 if (rem < 0)
3138 rem = 0;
3139 }
3140 else if (rem > len)
3141 rem = len;
3142 }
68dc0745 3143 }
84902520 3144 else {
5d82c453 3145 pos += curlen;
78f9721b 3146 if (num_args < 3)
5d82c453
GA
3147 rem = curlen;
3148 else if (len >= 0) {
3149 rem = pos+len;
3150 if (rem > (I32)curlen)
3151 rem = curlen;
3152 }
3153 else {
3154 rem = curlen+len;
3155 if (rem < pos)
3156 rem = pos;
3157 }
3158 if (pos < 0)
3159 pos = 0;
3160 fail = rem;
3161 rem -= pos;
84902520
TB
3162 }
3163 if (fail < 0) {
e476b1b5
GS
3164 if (lvalue || repl)
3165 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "substr outside of string");
a2a5de95 3166 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SUBSTR), "substr outside of string");
2304df62
AD
3167 RETPUSHUNDEF;
3168 }
79072805 3169 else {
1b6737cc
AL
3170 const I32 upos = pos;
3171 const I32 urem = rem;
9402d6ed 3172 if (utf8_curlen)
a0ed51b3 3173 sv_pos_u2b(sv, &pos, &rem);
79072805 3174 tmps += pos;
781e7547
DM
3175 /* we either return a PV or an LV. If the TARG hasn't been used
3176 * before, or is of that type, reuse it; otherwise use a mortal
3177 * instead. Note that LVs can have an extended lifetime, so also
3178 * dont reuse if refcount > 1 (bug #20933) */
3179 if (SvTYPE(TARG) > SVt_NULL) {
3180 if ( (SvTYPE(TARG) == SVt_PVLV)
3181 ? (!lvalue || SvREFCNT(TARG) > 1)
3182 : lvalue)
3183 {
3184 TARG = sv_newmortal();
3185 }
3186 }
3187
050e6362 3188 sv_setpvn(TARG, tmps, rem);
12aa1545 3189#ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
14befaf4 3190 sv_unmagic(TARG, PERL_MAGIC_collxfrm);
12aa1545 3191#endif
9402d6ed 3192 if (utf8_curlen)
7f66633b 3193 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
f7928d6c 3194 if (repl) {
13e30c65
JH
3195 SV* repl_sv_copy = NULL;
3196
3197 if (repl_need_utf8_upgrade) {
3198 repl_sv_copy = newSVsv(repl_sv);
3199 sv_utf8_upgrade(repl_sv_copy);
349d4f2f 3200 repl = SvPV_const(repl_sv_copy, repl_len);
13e30c65
JH
3201 repl_is_utf8 = DO_UTF8(repl_sv_copy) && SvCUR(sv);
3202 }
502d9230
VP
3203 if (!SvOK(sv))
3204 sv_setpvs(sv, "");
c0dd94a0 3205 sv_insert_flags(sv, pos, rem, repl, repl_len, 0);
9402d6ed 3206 if (repl_is_utf8)
f7928d6c 3207 SvUTF8_on(sv);
ef8d46e8 3208 SvREFCNT_dec(repl_sv_copy);
f7928d6c 3209 }
c8faf1c5 3210 else if (lvalue) { /* it's an lvalue! */
dedeecda 3211 if (!SvGMAGICAL(sv)) {
3212 if (SvROK(sv)) {
13c5b33c 3213 SvPV_force_nolen(sv);
a2a5de95
NC
3214 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SUBSTR),
3215 "Attempt to use reference as lvalue in substr");
dedeecda 3216 }
f7877b28
NC
3217 if (isGV_with_GP(sv))
3218 SvPV_force_nolen(sv);
3219 else if (SvOK(sv)) /* is it defined ? */
7f66633b 3220 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(sv);
dedeecda 3221 else
523f125d 3222 sv_setpvs(sv, ""); /* avoid lexical reincarnation */
dedeecda 3223 }
5f05dabc 3224
a0d0e21e
LW
3225 if (SvTYPE(TARG) < SVt_PVLV) {
3226 sv_upgrade(TARG, SVt_PVLV);
c445ea15 3227 sv_magic(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_substr, NULL, 0);
ed6116ce 3228 }
a0d0e21e 3229
5f05dabc 3230 LvTYPE(TARG) = 'x';
6ff81951 3231 if (LvTARG(TARG) != sv) {
cb39f75f 3232 SvREFCNT_dec(LvTARG(TARG));
b37c2d43 3233 LvTARG(TARG) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(sv);
6ff81951 3234 }
9aa983d2
JH
3235 LvTARGOFF(TARG) = upos;
3236 LvTARGLEN(TARG) = urem;
79072805
LW
3237 }
3238 }
849ca7ee 3239 SPAGAIN;
79072805
LW
3240 PUSHs(TARG); /* avoid SvSETMAGIC here */
3241 RETURN;
3242}
3243
3244PP(pp_vec)
3245{
97aff369 3246 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
1b6737cc
AL
3247 register const IV size = POPi;
3248 register const IV offset = POPi;
3249 register SV * const src = POPs;
3250 const I32 lvalue = PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET;
a0d0e21e 3251
81e118e0
JH
3252 SvTAINTED_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
3253 if (lvalue) { /* it's an lvalue! */
24aef97f
HS
3254 if (SvREFCNT(TARG) > 1) /* don't share the TARG (#20933) */
3255 TARG = sv_newmortal();
81e118e0
JH
3256 if (SvTYPE(TARG) < SVt_PVLV) {
3257 sv_upgrade(TARG, SVt_PVLV);
c445ea15 3258 sv_magic(TARG, NULL, PERL_MAGIC_vec, NULL, 0);
79072805 3259 }
81e118e0
JH
3260 LvTYPE(TARG) = 'v';
3261 if (LvTARG(TARG) != src) {
cb39f75f 3262 SvREFCNT_dec(LvTARG(TARG));
b37c2d43 3263 LvTARG(TARG) = SvREFCNT_inc_simple(src);
79072805 3264 }
81e118e0
JH
3265 LvTARGOFF(TARG) = offset;
3266 LvTARGLEN(TARG) = size;
79072805
LW
3267 }
3268
81e118e0 3269 sv_setuv(TARG, do_vecget(src, offset, size));
79072805
LW
3270 PUSHs(TARG);
3271 RETURN;
3272}
3273
3274PP(pp_index)
3275{
97aff369 3276 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
79072805
LW
3277 SV *big;
3278 SV *little;
c445ea15 3279 SV *temp = NULL;
ad66a58c 3280 STRLEN biglen;
2723d216 3281 STRLEN llen = 0;
79072805
LW
3282 I32 offset;
3283 I32 retval;
73ee8be2
NC
3284 const char *big_p;
3285 const char *little_p;
fc15ae8f 3286 const I32 arybase = CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop);
2f040f7f
NC
3287 bool big_utf8;
3288 bool little_utf8;
2723d216 3289 const bool is_index = PL_op->op_type == OP_INDEX;
79072805 3290
2723d216
NC
3291 if (MAXARG >= 3) {
3292 /* arybase is in characters, like offset, so combine prior to the
3293 UTF-8 to bytes calculation. */
79072805 3294 offset = POPi - arybase;
2723d216 3295 }
79072805
LW
3296 little = POPs;
3297 big = POPs;
73ee8be2
NC
3298 big_p = SvPV_const(big, biglen);
3299 little_p = SvPV_const(little, llen);
3300
e609e586
NC
3301 big_utf8 = DO_UTF8(big);
3302 little_utf8 = DO_UTF8(little);
3303 if (big_utf8 ^ little_utf8) {
3304 /* One needs to be upgraded. */
2f040f7f
NC
3305 if (little_utf8 && !PL_encoding) {
3306 /* Well, maybe instead we might be able to downgrade the small
3307 string? */
1eced8f8 3308 char * const pv = (char*)bytes_from_utf8((U8 *)little_p, &llen,
2f040f7f
NC
3309 &little_utf8);
3310 if (little_utf8) {
3311 /* If the large string is ISO-8859-1, and it's not possible to
3312 convert the small string to ISO-8859-1, then there is no
3313 way that it could be found anywhere by index. */
3314 retval = -1;
3315 goto fail;
3316 }
e609e586 3317
2f040f7f
NC
3318 /* At this point, pv is a malloc()ed string. So donate it to temp
3319 to ensure it will get free()d */
3320 little = temp = newSV(0);
73ee8be2
NC
3321 sv_usepvn(temp, pv, llen);
3322 little_p = SvPVX(little);
e609e586 3323 } else {
73ee8be2
NC
3324 temp = little_utf8
3325 ? newSVpvn(big_p, biglen) : newSVpvn(little_p, llen);
2f040f7f
NC
3326
3327 if (PL_encoding) {
3328 sv_recode_to_utf8(temp, PL_encoding);
3329 } else {
3330 sv_utf8_upgrade(temp);
3331 }
3332 if (little_utf8) {
3333 big = temp;
3334 big_utf8 = TRUE;
73ee8be2 3335 big_p = SvPV_const(big, biglen);
2f040f7f
NC
3336 } else {
3337 little = temp;
73ee8be2 3338 little_p = SvPV_const(little, llen);
2f040f7f 3339 }
e609e586
NC
3340 }
3341 }
73ee8be2
NC
3342 if (SvGAMAGIC(big)) {
3343 /* Life just becomes a lot easier if I use a temporary here.
3344 Otherwise I need to avoid calls to sv_pos_u2b(), which (dangerously)
3345 will trigger magic and overloading again, as will fbm_instr()
3346 */
59cd0e26
NC
3347 big = newSVpvn_flags(big_p, biglen,
3348 SVs_TEMP | (big_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
73ee8be2
NC
3349 big_p = SvPVX(big);
3350 }
e4e44778 3351 if (SvGAMAGIC(little) || (is_index && !SvOK(little))) {
73ee8be2
NC
3352 /* index && SvOK() is a hack. fbm_instr() calls SvPV_const, which will
3353 warn on undef, and we've already triggered a warning with the
3354 SvPV_const some lines above. We can't remove that, as we need to
3355 call some SvPV to trigger overloading early and find out if the
3356 string is UTF-8.
3357 This is all getting to messy. The API isn't quite clean enough,
3358 because data access has side effects.
3359 */
59cd0e26
NC
3360 little = newSVpvn_flags(little_p, llen,
3361 SVs_TEMP | (little_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0));
73ee8be2
NC
3362 little_p = SvPVX(little);
3363 }
e609e586 3364
79072805 3365 if (MAXARG < 3)
2723d216 3366 offset = is_index ? 0 : biglen;
a0ed51b3 3367 else {
ad66a58c 3368 if (big_utf8 && offset > 0)
a0ed51b3 3369 sv_pos_u2b(big, &offset, 0);
73ee8be2
NC
3370 if (!is_index)
3371 offset += llen;
a0ed51b3 3372 }
79072805
LW
3373 if (offset < 0)
3374 offset = 0;
ad66a58c
NC
3375 else if (offset > (I32)biglen)
3376 offset = biglen;
73ee8be2
NC
3377 if (!(little_p = is_index
3378 ? fbm_instr((unsigned char*)big_p + offset,
3379 (unsigned char*)big_p + biglen, little, 0)
3380 : rninstr(big_p, big_p + offset,
3381 little_p, little_p + llen)))
a0ed51b3 3382 retval = -1;
ad66a58c 3383 else {
73ee8be2 3384 retval = little_p - big_p;
ad66a58c
NC
3385 if (retval > 0 && big_utf8)
3386 sv_pos_b2u(big, &retval);
3387 }
ef8d46e8 3388 SvREFCNT_dec(temp);
2723d216 3389 fail:
a0ed51b3 3390 PUSHi(retval + arybase);
79072805
LW
3391 RETURN;
3392}
3393
3394PP(pp_sprintf)
3395{
97aff369 3396 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
20ee07fb
RGS
3397 if (SvTAINTED(MARK[1]))
3398 TAINT_PROPER("sprintf");
79072805 3399 do_sprintf(TARG, SP-MARK, MARK+1);
bbce6d69 3400 TAINT_IF(SvTAINTED(TARG));
79072805
LW
3401 SP = ORIGMARK;
3402 PUSHTARG;
3403 RETURN;
3404}
3405
79072805
LW
3406PP(pp_ord)
3407{
97aff369 3408 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
1eced8f8 3409
7df053ec 3410 SV *argsv = POPs;
ba210ebe 3411 STRLEN len;
349d4f2f 3412 const U8 *s = (U8*)SvPV_const(argsv, len);
121910a4 3413
799ef3cb 3414 if (PL_encoding && SvPOK(argsv) && !DO_UTF8(argsv)) {
1eced8f8 3415 SV * const tmpsv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(argsv));
799ef3cb 3416 s = (U8*)sv_recode_to_utf8(tmpsv, PL_encoding);
121910a4
JH
3417 argsv = tmpsv;
3418 }
79072805 3419
872c91ae 3420 XPUSHu(DO_UTF8(argsv) ?
89ebb4a3 3421 utf8n_to_uvchr(s, UTF8_MAXBYTES, 0, UTF8_ALLOW_ANYUV) :
5fc32dea 3422 (UV)(*s & 0xff));
68795e93 3423
79072805
LW
3424 RETURN;
3425}
3426
463ee0b2
LW
3427PP(pp_chr)
3428{
97aff369 3429 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
463ee0b2 3430 char *tmps;
8a064bd6
JH
3431 UV value;
3432
3433 if (((SvIOK_notUV(TOPs) && SvIV(TOPs) < 0)
3434 ||
3435 (SvNOK(TOPs) && SvNV(TOPs) < 0.0))) {
3436 if (IN_BYTES) {
3437 value = POPu; /* chr(-1) eq chr(0xff), etc. */
3438 } else {
3439 (void) POPs; /* Ignore the argument value. */
3440 value = UNICODE_REPLACEMENT;
3441 }
3442 } else {
3443 value = POPu;
3444 }
463ee0b2 3445
862a34c6 3446 SvUPGRADE(TARG,SVt_PV);
a0ed51b3 3447
0064a8a9 3448 if (value > 255 && !IN_BYTES) {
eb160463 3449 SvGROW(TARG, (STRLEN)UNISKIP(value)+1);
62961d2e 3450 tmps = (char*)uvchr_to_utf8_flags((U8*)SvPVX(TARG), value, 0);
349d4f2f 3451 SvCUR_set(TARG, tmps - SvPVX_const(TARG));
a0ed51b3
LW
3452 *tmps = '\0';
3453 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
aa6ffa16 3454 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
a0ed51b3
LW
3455 XPUSHs(TARG);
3456 RETURN;
3457 }
3458
748a9306 3459 SvGROW(TARG,2);
463ee0b2
LW
3460 SvCUR_set(TARG, 1);
3461 tmps = SvPVX(TARG);
eb160463 3462 *tmps++ = (char)value;
748a9306 3463 *tmps = '\0';
a0d0e21e 3464 (void)SvPOK_only(TARG);
4c5ed6e2 3465
88632417 3466 if (PL_encoding && !IN_BYTES) {
799ef3cb 3467 sv_recode_to_utf8(TARG, PL_encoding);
88632417
JH
3468 tmps = SvPVX(TARG);
3469 if (SvCUR(TARG) == 0 || !is_utf8_string((U8*)tmps, SvCUR(TARG)) ||
4c5ed6e2
TS
3470 UNICODE_IS_REPLACEMENT(utf8_to_uvchr((U8*)tmps, NULL))) {
3471 SvGROW(TARG, 2);
d5a15ac2 3472 tmps = SvPVX(TARG);
4c5ed6e2
TS
3473 SvCUR_set(TARG, 1);
3474 *tmps++ = (char)value;
88632417 3475 *tmps = '\0';
4c5ed6e2 3476 SvUTF8_off(TARG);
88632417
JH
3477 }
3478 }
4c5ed6e2 3479
463ee0b2
LW
3480 XPUSHs(TARG);
3481 RETURN;
3482}
3483
79072805
LW
3484PP(pp_crypt)
3485{
79072805 3486#ifdef HAS_CRYPT
97aff369 3487 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
5f74f29c 3488 dPOPTOPssrl;
85c16d83 3489 STRLEN len;
10516c54 3490 const char *tmps = SvPV_const(left, len);
2bc69dc4 3491
85c16d83 3492 if (DO_UTF8(left)) {
2bc69dc4 3493 /* If Unicode, try to downgrade.
f2791508
JH
3494 * If not possible, croak.
3495 * Yes, we made this up. */
1b6737cc 3496 SV* const tsv = sv_2mortal(newSVsv(left));
2bc69dc4 3497
f2791508 3498 SvUTF8_on(tsv);
2bc69dc4 3499 sv_utf8_downgrade(tsv, FALSE);
349d4f2f 3500 tmps = SvPV_const(tsv, len);
85c16d83 3501 }
05404ffe
JH
3502# ifdef USE_ITHREADS
3503# ifdef HAS_CRYPT_R
3504 if (!PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer) {
3505 /* This should be threadsafe because in ithreads there is only
3506 * one thread per interpreter. If this would not be true,
3507 * we would need a mutex to protect this malloc. */
3508 PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer =
3509 (struct crypt_data *)safemalloc(sizeof(struct crypt_data));
3510#if defined(__GLIBC__) || defined(__EMX__)
3511 if (PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer) {
3512 PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer->initialized = 0;
3513 /* work around glibc-2.2.5 bug */
3514 PL_reentrant_buffer->_crypt_struct_buffer->current_saltbits = 0;
3515 }
05404ffe 3516#endif
6ab58e4d 3517 }
05404ffe
JH
3518# endif /* HAS_CRYPT_R */
3519# endif /* USE_ITHREADS */
5f74f29c 3520# ifdef FCRYPT
83003860 3521 sv_setpv(TARG, fcrypt(tmps, SvPV_nolen_const(right)));
5f74f29c 3522# else
83003860 3523 sv_setpv(TARG, PerlProc_crypt(tmps, SvPV_nolen_const(right)));
5f74f29c 3524# endif
ec93b65f 3525 SETTARG;
4808266b 3526 RETURN;
79072805 3527#else
b13b2135 3528 DIE(aTHX_
79072805 3529 "The crypt() function is unimplemented due to excessive paranoia.");
9e95c635 3530 return NORMAL;
79072805 3531#endif
79072805
LW
3532}
3533
00f254e2
KW
3534/* Generally UTF-8 and UTF-EBCDIC are indistinguishable at this level. So
3535 * most comments below say UTF-8, when in fact they mean UTF-EBCDIC as well */
3536
3537/* Both the characters below can be stored in two UTF-8 bytes. In UTF-8 the max
3538 * character that 2 bytes can hold is U+07FF, and in UTF-EBCDIC it is U+03FF.
3539 * See http://www.unicode.org/unicode/reports/tr16 */
3540#define LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS 0x0178 /* Also is title case */
3541#define GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_MU 0x039C /* Upper and title case of MICRON */
3542
3543/* Below are several macros that generate code */
3544/* Generates code to store a unicode codepoint c that is known to occupy
3545 * exactly two UTF-8 and UTF-EBCDIC bytes; it is stored into p and p+1. */
3546#define STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(p, c) \
3547 STMT_START { \
3548 *(p) = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI(c); \
3549 *((p)+1) = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO(c); \
3550 } STMT_END
3551
3552/* Like STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE, but advances p to point to the next
3553 * available byte after the two bytes */
3554#define CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(p, c) \
3555 STMT_START { \
3556 *(p)++ = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_HI(c); \
3557 *((p)++) = UTF8_TWO_BYTE_LO(c); \
3558 } STMT_END
3559
3560/* Generates code to store the upper case of latin1 character l which is known
3561 * to have its upper case be non-latin1 into the two bytes p and p+1. There
3562 * are only two characters that fit this description, and this macro knows
3563 * about them, and that the upper case values fit into two UTF-8 or UTF-EBCDIC
3564 * bytes */
3565#define STORE_NON_LATIN1_UC(p, l) \
3566STMT_START { \
3567 if ((l) == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS) { \
3568 STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE((p), LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS); \
3569 } else { /* Must be the following letter */ \
3570 STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE((p), GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_MU); \
3571 } \
3572} STMT_END
3573
3574/* Like STORE_NON_LATIN1_UC, but advances p to point to the next available byte
3575 * after the character stored */
3576#define CAT_NON_LATIN1_UC(p, l) \
3577STMT_START { \
3578 if ((l) == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS) { \
3579 CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE((p), LATIN_CAPITAL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS); \
3580 } else { \
3581 CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE((p), GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_MU); \
3582 } \
3583} STMT_END
3584
3585/* Generates code to add the two UTF-8 bytes (probably u) that are the upper
3586 * case of l into p and p+1. u must be the result of toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(l),
3587 * and must require two bytes to store it. Advances p to point to the next
3588 * available position */
3589#define CAT_TWO_BYTE_UNI_UPPER_MOD(p, l, u) \
3590STMT_START { \
3591 if ((u) != LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS) { \
3592 CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE((p), (u)); /* not special, just save it */ \
3593 } else if (l == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S) { \
3594 *(p)++ = 'S'; *(p)++ = 'S'; /* upper case is 'SS' */ \
3595 } else {/* else is one of the other two special cases */ \
3596 CAT_NON_LATIN1_UC((p), (l)); \
3597 } \
3598} STMT_END
3599
79072805
LW
3600PP(pp_ucfirst)
3601{
00f254e2
KW
3602 /* Actually is both lcfirst() and ucfirst(). Only the first character
3603 * changes. This means that possibly we can change in-place, ie., just
3604 * take the source and change that one character and store it back, but not
3605 * if read-only etc, or if the length changes */
3606
97aff369 3607 dVAR;
39644a26 3608 dSP;
d54190f6 3609 SV *source = TOPs;
00f254e2 3610 STRLEN slen; /* slen is the byte length of the whole SV. */
d54190f6
NC
3611 STRLEN need;
3612 SV *dest;
00f254e2
KW
3613 bool inplace; /* ? Convert first char only, in-place */
3614 bool doing_utf8 = FALSE; /* ? using utf8 */
3615 bool convert_source_to_utf8 = FALSE; /* ? need to convert */
12e9c124 3616 const int op_type = PL_op->op_type;
d54190f6
NC
3617 const U8 *s;
3618 U8 *d;
3619 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
00f254e2
KW
3620 STRLEN ulen; /* ulen is the byte length of the original Unicode character
3621 * stored as UTF-8 at s. */
3622 STRLEN tculen; /* tculen is the byte length of the freshly titlecased (or
3623 * lowercased) character stored in tmpbuf. May be either
3624 * UTF-8 or not, but in either case is the number of bytes */
d54190f6
NC
3625
3626 SvGETMAGIC(source);
3627 if (SvOK(source)) {
3628 s = (const U8*)SvPV_nomg_const(source, slen);
3629 } else {
0a0ffbce
RGS
3630 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
3631 report_uninit(source);
1eced8f8 3632 s = (const U8*)"";
d54190f6
NC
3633 slen = 0;
3634 }
a0ed51b3 3635
00f254e2
KW
3636 /* We may be able to get away with changing only the first character, in
3637 * place, but not if read-only, etc. Later we may discover more reasons to
3638 * not convert in-place. */
3639 inplace = SvPADTMP(source) && !SvREADONLY(source) && SvTEMP(source);
3640
3641 /* First calculate what the changed first character should be. This affects
3642 * whether we can just swap it out, leaving the rest of the string unchanged,
3643 * or even if have to convert the dest to UTF-8 when the source isn't */
3644
3645 if (! slen) { /* If empty */
3646 need = 1; /* still need a trailing NUL */
3647 }
3648 else if (DO_UTF8(source)) { /* Is the source utf8? */
d54190f6 3649 doing_utf8 = TRUE;
00f254e2
KW
3650
3651/* TODO: This is #ifdefd out because it has hard-coded the standard mappings,
3652 * and doesn't allow for the user to specify their own. When code is added to
3653 * detect if there is a user-defined mapping in force here, and if so to use
3654 * that, then the code below can be compiled. The detection would be a good
3655 * thing anyway, as currently the user-defined mappings only work on utf8
3656 * strings, and thus depend on the chosen internal storage method, which is a
3657 * bad thing */
3658#ifdef GO_AHEAD_AND_BREAK_USER_DEFINED_CASE_MAPPINGS
3659 if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*s)) {
3660
3661 /* An invariant source character is either ASCII or, in EBCDIC, an
3662 * ASCII equivalent or a caseless C1 control. In both these cases,
3663 * the lower and upper cases of any character are also invariants
3664 * (and title case is the same as upper case). So it is safe to
3665 * use the simple case change macros which avoid the overhead of
3666 * the general functions. Note that if perl were to be extended to
3667 * do locale handling in UTF-8 strings, this wouldn't be true in,
3668 * for example, Lithuanian or Turkic. */
3669 *tmpbuf = (op_type == OP_LCFIRST) ? toLOWER(*s) : toUPPER(*s);
3670 tculen = ulen = 1;
3671 need = slen + 1;
12e9c124 3672 }
00f254e2
KW
3673 else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*s)) {
3674 U8 chr;
3675
3676 /* Similarly, if the source character isn't invariant but is in the
3677 * latin1 range (or EBCDIC equivalent thereof), we have the case
3678 * changes compiled into perl, and can avoid the overhead of the
3679 * general functions. In this range, the characters are stored as
3680 * two UTF-8 bytes, and it so happens that any changed-case version
3681 * is also two bytes (in both ASCIIish and EBCDIC machines). */
3682 tculen = ulen = 2;
3683 need = slen + 1;
3684
3685 /* Convert the two source bytes to a single Unicode code point
3686 * value, change case and save for below */
3687 chr = UTF8_ACCUMULATE(*s, *(s+1));
3688 if (op_type == OP_LCFIRST) { /* lower casing is easy */
3689 U8 lower = toLOWER_LATIN1(chr);
3690 STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(tmpbuf, lower);
3691 }
3692 else { /* ucfirst */
3693 U8 upper = toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(chr);
3694
3695 /* Most of the latin1 range characters are well-behaved. Their
3696 * title and upper cases are the same, and are also in the
3697 * latin1 range. The macro above returns their upper (hence
3698 * title) case, and all that need be done is to save the result
3699 * for below. However, several characters are problematic, and
3700 * have to be handled specially. The MOD in the macro name
3701 * above means that these tricky characters all get mapped to
3702 * the single character LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS.
3703 * This mapping saves some tests for the majority of the
3704 * characters */
3705
3706 if (upper != LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS) {
3707
3708 /* Not tricky. Just save it. */
3709 STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(tmpbuf, upper);
3710 }
3711 else if (chr == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S) {
3712
3713 /* This one is tricky because it is two characters long,
3714 * though the UTF-8 is still two bytes, so the stored
3715 * length doesn't change */
3716 *tmpbuf = 'S'; /* The UTF-8 is 'Ss' */
3717 *(tmpbuf + 1) = 's';
3718 }
3719 else {
3720
3721 /* The other two have their title and upper cases the same,
3722 * but are tricky because the changed-case characters
3723 * aren't in the latin1 range. They, however, do fit into
3724 * two UTF-8 bytes */
3725 STORE_NON_LATIN1_UC(tmpbuf, chr);
3726 }
3727 }
3728 }
3729 else {
3730#endif /* end of dont want to break user-defined casing */
3731
3732 /* Here, can't short-cut the general case */
3733
3734 utf8_to_uvchr(s, &ulen);
3735 if (op_type == OP_UCFIRST) toTITLE_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &tculen);
3736 else toLOWER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &tculen);
3737
3738 /* we can't do in-place if the length changes. */
3739 if (ulen != tculen) inplace = FALSE;
3740 need = slen + 1 - ulen + tculen;
3741#ifdef GO_AHEAD_AND_BREAK_USER_DEFINED_CASE_MAPPINGS
3742 }
3743#endif
d54190f6 3744 }
00f254e2
KW
3745 else { /* Non-zero length, non-UTF-8, Need to consider locale and if
3746 * latin1 is treated as caseless. Note that a locale takes
3747 * precedence */
3748 tculen = 1; /* Most characters will require one byte, but this will
3749 * need to be overridden for the tricky ones */
3750 need = slen + 1;
3751
3752 if (op_type == OP_LCFIRST) {
d54190f6 3753
00f254e2
KW
3754 /* lower case the first letter: no trickiness for any character */
3755 *tmpbuf = (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) ? toLOWER_LC(*s) :
3756 ((IN_UNI_8_BIT) ? toLOWER_LATIN1(*s) : toLOWER(*s));
3757 }
3758 /* is ucfirst() */
3759 else if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
3760 *tmpbuf = toUPPER_LC(*s); /* This would be a bug if any locales
3761 * have upper and title case different
3762 */
3763 }
3764 else if (! IN_UNI_8_BIT) {
3765 *tmpbuf = toUPPER(*s); /* Returns caseless for non-ascii, or
3766 * on EBCDIC machines whatever the
3767 * native function does */
3768 }
3769 else { /* is ucfirst non-UTF-8, not in locale, and cased latin1 */
3770 *tmpbuf = toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(*s);
3771
3772 /* tmpbuf now has the correct title case for all latin1 characters
3773 * except for the several ones that have tricky handling. All
3774 * of these are mapped by the MOD to the letter below. */
3775 if (*tmpbuf == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS) {
3776
3777 /* The length is going to change, with all three of these, so
3778 * can't replace just the first character */
3779 inplace = FALSE;
3780
3781 /* We use the original to distinguish between these tricky
3782 * cases */
3783 if (*s == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S) {
3784 /* Two character title case 'Ss', but can remain non-UTF-8 */
3785 need = slen + 2;
3786 *tmpbuf = 'S';
3787 *(tmpbuf + 1) = 's'; /* Assert: length(tmpbuf) >= 2 */
3788 tculen = 2;
3789 }
3790 else {
d54190f6 3791
00f254e2
KW
3792 /* The other two tricky ones have their title case outside
3793 * latin1. It is the same as their upper case. */
3794 doing_utf8 = TRUE;
3795 STORE_NON_LATIN1_UC(tmpbuf, *s);
3796
3797 /* The UTF-8 and UTF-EBCDIC lengths of both these characters
3798 * and their upper cases is 2. */
3799 tculen = ulen = 2;
3800
3801 /* The entire result will have to be in UTF-8. Assume worst
3802 * case sizing in conversion. (all latin1 characters occupy
3803 * at most two bytes in utf8) */
3804 convert_source_to_utf8 = TRUE;
3805 need = slen * 2 + 1;
3806 }
3807 } /* End of is one of the three special chars */
3808 } /* End of use Unicode (Latin1) semantics */
3809 } /* End of changing the case of the first character */
3810
3811 /* Here, have the first character's changed case stored in tmpbuf. Ready to
3812 * generate the result */
3813 if (inplace) {
3814
3815 /* We can convert in place. This means we change just the first
3816 * character without disturbing the rest; no need to grow */
d54190f6
NC
3817 dest = source;
3818 s = d = (U8*)SvPV_force_nomg(source, slen);
3819 } else {
3820 dTARGET;
3821
3822 dest = TARG;
3823
00f254e2
KW
3824 /* Here, we can't convert in place; we earlier calculated how much
3825 * space we will need, so grow to accommodate that */
d54190f6 3826 SvUPGRADE(dest, SVt_PV);
3b416f41 3827 d = (U8*)SvGROW(dest, need);
d54190f6
NC
3828 (void)SvPOK_only(dest);
3829
3830 SETs(dest);
d54190f6 3831 }
44bc797b 3832
d54190f6 3833 if (doing_utf8) {
00f254e2
KW
3834 if (! inplace) {
3835 if (! convert_source_to_utf8) {
3836
3837 /* Here both source and dest are in UTF-8, but have to create
3838 * the entire output. We initialize the result to be the
3839 * title/lower cased first character, and then append the rest
3840 * of the string. */
3841 sv_setpvn(dest, (char*)tmpbuf, tculen);
3842 if (slen > ulen) {
3843 sv_catpvn(dest, (char*)(s + ulen), slen - ulen);
3844 }
3845 }
3846 else {
3847 const U8 *const send = s + slen;
3848
3849 /* Here the dest needs to be in UTF-8, but the source isn't,
3850 * except we earlier UTF-8'd the first character of the source
3851 * into tmpbuf. First put that into dest, and then append the
3852 * rest of the source, converting it to UTF-8 as we go. */
3853
3854 /* Assert tculen is 2 here because the only two characters that
3855 * get to this part of the code have 2-byte UTF-8 equivalents */
3856 *d++ = *tmpbuf;
3857 *d++ = *(tmpbuf + 1);
3858 s++; /* We have just processed the 1st char */
3859
3860 for (; s < send; s++) {
3861 d = uvchr_to_utf8(d, *s);
3862 }
3863 *d = '\0';
3864 SvCUR_set(dest, d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest));
3865 }
d54190f6 3866 SvUTF8_on(dest);
a0ed51b3 3867 }
00f254e2 3868 else { /* in-place UTF-8. Just overwrite the first character */
d54190f6
NC
3869 Copy(tmpbuf, d, tculen, U8);
3870 SvCUR_set(dest, need - 1);
a0ed51b3 3871 }
a0ed51b3 3872 }
00f254e2
KW
3873 else { /* Neither source nor dest are in or need to be UTF-8 */
3874 if (slen) {
2de3dbcc 3875 if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
31351b04 3876 TAINT;
d54190f6 3877 SvTAINTED_on(dest);
31351b04 3878 }
00f254e2
KW
3879 if (inplace) { /* in-place, only need to change the 1st char */
3880 *d = *tmpbuf;
3881 }
3882 else { /* Not in-place */
3883
3884 /* Copy the case-changed character(s) from tmpbuf */
3885 Copy(tmpbuf, d, tculen, U8);
3886 d += tculen - 1; /* Code below expects d to point to final
3887 * character stored */
3888 }
3889 }
3890 else { /* empty source */
3891 /* See bug #39028: Don't taint if empty */
d54190f6
NC
3892 *d = *s;
3893 }
3894
00f254e2
KW
3895 /* In a "use bytes" we don't treat the source as UTF-8, but, still want
3896 * the destination to retain that flag */
d54190f6
NC
3897 if (SvUTF8(source))
3898 SvUTF8_on(dest);
3899
00f254e2 3900 if (!inplace) { /* Finish the rest of the string, unchanged */
d54190f6
NC
3901 /* This will copy the trailing NUL */
3902 Copy(s + 1, d + 1, slen, U8);
3903 SvCUR_set(dest, need - 1);
bbce6d69 3904 }
bbce6d69 3905 }
d54190f6 3906 SvSETMAGIC(dest);
79072805
LW
3907 RETURN;
3908}
3909
67306194
NC
3910/* There's so much setup/teardown code common between uc and lc, I wonder if
3911 it would be worth merging the two, and just having a switch outside each
00f254e2 3912 of the three tight loops. There is less and less commonality though */
79072805
LW
3913PP(pp_uc)
3914{
97aff369 3915 dVAR;
39644a26 3916 dSP;
67306194 3917 SV *source = TOPs;
463ee0b2 3918 STRLEN len;
67306194
NC
3919 STRLEN min;
3920 SV *dest;
3921 const U8 *s;
3922 U8 *d;
79072805 3923
67306194
NC
3924 SvGETMAGIC(source);
3925
3926 if (SvPADTMP(source) && !SvREADONLY(source) && !SvAMAGIC(source)
00f254e2
KW
3927 && SvTEMP(source) && !DO_UTF8(source)
3928 && (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME || ! IN_UNI_8_BIT)) {
3929
3930 /* We can convert in place. The reason we can't if in UNI_8_BIT is to
3931 * make the loop tight, so we overwrite the source with the dest before
3932 * looking at it, and we need to look at the original source
3933 * afterwards. There would also need to be code added to handle
3934 * switching to not in-place in midstream if we run into characters
3935 * that change the length.
3936 */
67306194
NC
3937 dest = source;
3938 s = d = (U8*)SvPV_force_nomg(source, len);
3939 min = len + 1;
3940 } else {
a0ed51b3 3941 dTARGET;
a0ed51b3 3942
67306194 3943 dest = TARG;
128c9517 3944
67306194
NC
3945 /* The old implementation would copy source into TARG at this point.
3946 This had the side effect that if source was undef, TARG was now
3947 an undefined SV with PADTMP set, and they don't warn inside
3948 sv_2pv_flags(). However, we're now getting the PV direct from
3949 source, which doesn't have PADTMP set, so it would warn. Hence the
3950 little games. */
3951
3952 if (SvOK(source)) {
3953 s = (const U8*)SvPV_nomg_const(source, len);
3954 } else {
0a0ffbce
RGS
3955 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
3956 report_uninit(source);
1eced8f8 3957 s = (const U8*)"";
67306194 3958 len = 0;
a0ed51b3 3959 }
67306194
NC
3960 min = len + 1;
3961
3962 SvUPGRADE(dest, SVt_PV);
3b416f41 3963 d = (U8*)SvGROW(dest, min);
67306194
NC
3964 (void)SvPOK_only(dest);
3965
3966 SETs(dest);
a0ed51b3 3967 }
31351b04 3968
67306194
NC
3969 /* Overloaded values may have toggled the UTF-8 flag on source, so we need
3970 to check DO_UTF8 again here. */
3971
3972 if (DO_UTF8(source)) {
3973 const U8 *const send = s + len;
3974 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
3975
00f254e2
KW
3976/* This is ifdefd out because it needs more work and thought. It isn't clear
3977 * that we should do it. These are hard-coded rules from the Unicode standard,
3978 * and may change. 5.2 gives new guidance on the iota subscript, for example,
3979 * which has not been checked against this; and secondly it may be that we are
3980 * passed a subset of the context, via a \U...\E, for example, and its not
3981 * clear what the best approach is to that */
3982#ifdef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
3983 bool in_iota_subscript = FALSE;
3984#endif
3985
67306194 3986 while (s < send) {
00f254e2
KW
3987#ifdef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
3988 if (in_iota_subscript && ! is_utf8_mark(s)) {
3989 /* A non-mark. Time to output the iota subscript */
3990#define GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_IOTA 0x0399
3991#define COMBINING_GREEK_YPOGEGRAMMENI 0x0345
3992
3993 CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(d, GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_IOTA);
3994 in_iota_subscript = FALSE;
3995 }
3996#endif
3997
3998
3999/* See comments at the first instance in this file of this ifdef */
4000#ifdef GO_AHEAD_AND_BREAK_USER_DEFINED_CASE_MAPPINGS
67306194 4001
00f254e2
KW
4002 /* If the UTF-8 character is invariant, then it is in the range
4003 * known by the standard macro; result is only one byte long */
4004 if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*s)) {
4005 *d++ = toUPPER(*s);
4006 s++;
4007 }
4008 else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*s)) {
4009
4010 /* Likewise, if it fits in a byte, its case change is in our
4011 * table */
4012 U8 orig = UTF8_ACCUMULATE(*s, *(s+1));
4013 U8 upper = toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(orig);
4014 CAT_TWO_BYTE_UNI_UPPER_MOD(d, orig, upper);
4015 s += 2;
4016 }
4017 else {
4018#else
4019 {
4020#endif
4021
4022 /* Otherwise, need the general UTF-8 case. Get the changed
4023 * case value and copy it to the output buffer */
4024
4025 const STRLEN u = UTF8SKIP(s);
4026 STRLEN ulen;
67306194 4027
00f254e2
KW
4028#ifndef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
4029 toUPPER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen);
4030#else
4031 const UV uv = toUPPER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen);
4032 if (uv == GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_IOTA && utf8_to_uvchr(s, 0) == COMBINING_GREEK_YPOGEGRAMMENI) {
4033 in_iota_subscript = TRUE;
4034 }
4035 else {
4036#endif
4037 if (ulen > u && (SvLEN(dest) < (min += ulen - u))) {
4038 /* If the eventually required minimum size outgrows
4039 * the available space, we need to grow. */
4040 const UV o = d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest);
4041
4042 /* If someone uppercases one million U+03B0s we
4043 * SvGROW() one million times. Or we could try
4044 * guessing how much to allocate without allocating too
4045 * much. Such is life. See corresponding comment in lc code
4046 * for another option */
4047 SvGROW(dest, min);
4048 d = (U8*)SvPVX(dest) + o;
4049 }
4050 Copy(tmpbuf, d, ulen, U8);
4051 d += ulen;
4052#ifdef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
4053 }
4054#endif
4055 s += u;
67306194 4056 }
67306194 4057 }
00f254e2
KW
4058#ifdef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
4059 if (in_iota_subscript) CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(d, GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_IOTA);
4060#endif
67306194
NC
4061 SvUTF8_on(dest);
4062 *d = '\0';
4063 SvCUR_set(dest, d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest));
00f254e2 4064 } else { /* Not UTF-8 */
67306194
NC
4065 if (len) {
4066 const U8 *const send = s + len;
00f254e2
KW
4067
4068 /* Use locale casing if in locale; regular style if not treating
4069 * latin1 as having case; otherwise the latin1 casing. Do the
4070 * whole thing in a tight loop, for speed, */
2de3dbcc 4071 if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
31351b04 4072 TAINT;
67306194
NC
4073 SvTAINTED_on(dest);
4074 for (; s < send; d++, s++)
4075 *d = toUPPER_LC(*s);
31351b04 4076 }
00f254e2
KW
4077 else if (! IN_UNI_8_BIT) {
4078 for (; s < send; d++, s++) {
67306194 4079 *d = toUPPER(*s);
00f254e2 4080 }
31351b04 4081 }
00f254e2
KW
4082 else {
4083 for (; s < send; d++, s++) {
4084 *d = toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(*s);
4085 if (*d != LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_Y_WITH_DIAERESIS) continue;
4086
4087 /* The mainstream case is the tight loop above. To avoid
4088 * extra tests in that, all three characters that require
4089 * special handling are mapped by the MOD to the one tested
4090 * just above.
4091 * Use the source to distinguish between the three cases */
4092
4093 if (*s == LATIN_SMALL_LETTER_SHARP_S) {
4094
4095 /* uc() of this requires 2 characters, but they are
4096 * ASCII. If not enough room, grow the string */
4097 if (SvLEN(dest) < ++min) {
4098 const UV o = d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest);
4099 SvGROW(dest, min);
4100 d = (U8*)SvPVX(dest) + o;
4101 }
4102 *d++ = 'S'; *d = 'S'; /* upper case is 'SS' */
4103 continue; /* Back to the tight loop; still in ASCII */
4104 }
4105
4106 /* The other two special handling characters have their
4107 * upper cases outside the latin1 range, hence need to be
4108 * in UTF-8, so the whole result needs to be in UTF-8. So,
4109 * here we are somewhere in the middle of processing a
4110 * non-UTF-8 string, and realize that we will have to convert
4111 * the whole thing to UTF-8. What to do? There are
4112 * several possibilities. The simplest to code is to
4113 * convert what we have so far, set a flag, and continue on
4114 * in the loop. The flag would be tested each time through
4115 * the loop, and if set, the next character would be
4116 * converted to UTF-8 and stored. But, I (khw) didn't want
4117 * to slow down the mainstream case at all for this fairly
4118 * rare case, so I didn't want to add a test that didn't
4119 * absolutely have to be there in the loop, besides the
4120 * possibility that it would get too complicated for
4121 * optimizers to deal with. Another possibility is to just
4122 * give up, convert the source to UTF-8, and restart the
4123 * function that way. Another possibility is to convert
4124 * both what has already been processed and what is yet to
4125 * come separately to UTF-8, then jump into the loop that
4126 * handles UTF-8. But the most efficient time-wise of the
4127 * ones I could think of is what follows, and turned out to
4128 * not require much extra code. */
4129
4130 /* Convert what we have so far into UTF-8, telling the
4131 * function that we know it should be converted, and to
4132 * allow extra space for what we haven't processed yet.
4133 * Assume the worst case space requirements for converting
4134 * what we haven't processed so far: that it will require
4135 * two bytes for each remaining source character, plus the
4136 * NUL at the end. This may cause the string pointer to
4137 * move, so re-find it. */
4138
4139 len = d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest);
4140 SvCUR_set(dest, len);
4141 len = sv_utf8_upgrade_flags_grow(dest,
4142 SV_GMAGIC|SV_FORCE_UTF8_UPGRADE,
4143 (send -s) * 2 + 1);
4144 d = (U8*)SvPVX(dest) + len;
4145
4146 /* And append the current character's upper case in UTF-8 */
4147 CAT_NON_LATIN1_UC(d, *s);
4148
4149 /* Now process the remainder of the source, converting to
4150 * upper and UTF-8. If a resulting byte is invariant in
4151 * UTF-8, output it as-is, otherwise convert to UTF-8 and
4152 * append it to the output. */
4153
4154 s++;
4155 for (; s < send; s++) {
4156 U8 upper = toUPPER_LATIN1_MOD(*s);
4157 if UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(upper) {
4158 *d++ = upper;
4159 }
4160 else {
4161 CAT_TWO_BYTE_UNI_UPPER_MOD(d, *s, upper);
4162 }
4163 }
4164
4165 /* Here have processed the whole source; no need to continue
4166 * with the outer loop. Each character has been converted
4167 * to upper case and converted to UTF-8 */
4168
4169 break;
4170 } /* End of processing all latin1-style chars */
4171 } /* End of processing all chars */
4172 } /* End of source is not empty */
4173
67306194 4174 if (source != dest) {
00f254e2 4175 *d = '\0'; /* Here d points to 1 after last char, add NUL */
67306194
NC
4176 SvCUR_set(dest, d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest));
4177 }
00f254e2 4178 } /* End of isn't utf8 */
67306194 4179 SvSETMAGIC(dest);
79072805
LW
4180 RETURN;
4181}
4182
4183PP(pp_lc)
4184{
97aff369 4185 dVAR;
39644a26 4186 dSP;
ec9af7d4 4187 SV *source = TOPs;
463ee0b2 4188 STRLEN len;
ec9af7d4
NC
4189 STRLEN min;
4190 SV *dest;
4191 const U8 *s;
4192 U8 *d;
79072805 4193
ec9af7d4
NC
4194 SvGETMAGIC(source);
4195
4196 if (SvPADTMP(source) && !SvREADONLY(source) && !SvAMAGIC(source)
17fa0776 4197 && SvTEMP(source) && !DO_UTF8(source)) {
ec9af7d4 4198
00f254e2
KW
4199 /* We can convert in place, as lowercasing anything in the latin1 range
4200 * (or else DO_UTF8 would have been on) doesn't lengthen it */
ec9af7d4
NC
4201 dest = source;
4202 s = d = (U8*)SvPV_force_nomg(source, len);
4203 min = len + 1;
4204 } else {
a0ed51b3 4205 dTARGET;
a0ed51b3 4206
ec9af7d4
NC
4207 dest = TARG;
4208
4209 /* The old implementation would copy source into TARG at this point.
4210 This had the side effect that if source was undef, TARG was now
4211 an undefined SV with PADTMP set, and they don't warn inside
4212 sv_2pv_flags(). However, we're now getting the PV direct from
4213 source, which doesn't have PADTMP set, so it would warn. Hence the
4214 little games. */
4215
4216 if (SvOK(source)) {
4217 s = (const U8*)SvPV_nomg_const(source, len);
4218 } else {
0a0ffbce
RGS
4219 if (ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
4220 report_uninit(source);
1eced8f8 4221 s = (const U8*)"";
ec9af7d4 4222 len = 0;
a0ed51b3 4223 }
ec9af7d4 4224 min = len + 1;
128c9517 4225
ec9af7d4 4226 SvUPGRADE(dest, SVt_PV);
3b416f41 4227 d = (U8*)SvGROW(dest, min);
ec9af7d4
NC
4228 (void)SvPOK_only(dest);
4229
4230 SETs(dest);
4231 }
4232
4233 /* Overloaded values may have toggled the UTF-8 flag on source, so we need
4234 to check DO_UTF8 again here. */
4235
4236 if (DO_UTF8(source)) {
4237 const U8 *const send = s + len;
4238 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES_CASE+1];
4239
4240 while (s < send) {
00f254e2
KW
4241/* See comments at the first instance in this file of this ifdef */
4242#ifdef GO_AHEAD_AND_BREAK_USER_DEFINED_CASE_MAPPINGS
4243 if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*s)) {
89ebb4a3 4244
00f254e2 4245 /* Invariant characters use the standard mappings compiled in.
ec9af7d4 4246 */
00f254e2
KW
4247 *d++ = toLOWER(*s);
4248 s++;
ec9af7d4 4249 }
00f254e2 4250 else if (UTF8_IS_DOWNGRADEABLE_START(*s)) {
89ebb4a3 4251
00f254e2
KW
4252 /* As do the ones in the Latin1 range */
4253 U8 lower = toLOWER_LATIN1(UTF8_ACCUMULATE(*s, *(s+1)));
4254 CAT_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(d, lower);
4255 s += 2;
a0ed51b3 4256 }
00f254e2
KW
4257 else {
4258#endif
4259 /* Here, is utf8 not in Latin-1 range, have to go out and get
4260 * the mappings from the tables. */
4261
4262 const STRLEN u = UTF8SKIP(s);
4263 STRLEN ulen;
4264
4265/* See comments at the first instance in this file of this ifdef */
4266#ifndef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
4267 toLOWER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen);
4268#else
4269 /* Here is context dependent casing, not compiled in currently;
4270 * needs more thought and work */
4271
4272 const UV uv = toLOWER_utf8(s, tmpbuf, &ulen);
4273
4274 /* If the lower case is a small sigma, it may be that we need
4275 * to change it to a final sigma. This happens at the end of
4276 * a word that contains more than just this character, and only
4277 * when we started with a capital sigma. */
4278 if (uv == UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_SIGMA &&
4279 s > send - len && /* Makes sure not the first letter */
4280 utf8_to_uvchr(s, 0) == UNICODE_GREEK_CAPITAL_LETTER_SIGMA
4281 ) {
4282
4283 /* We use the algorithm in:
4284 * http://www.unicode.org/versions/Unicode5.0.0/ch03.pdf (C
4285 * is a CAPITAL SIGMA): If C is preceded by a sequence
4286 * consisting of a cased letter and a case-ignorable
4287 * sequence, and C is not followed by a sequence consisting
4288 * of a case ignorable sequence and then a cased letter,
4289 * then when lowercasing C, C becomes a final sigma */
4290
4291 /* To determine if this is the end of a word, need to peek
4292 * ahead. Look at the next character */
4293 const U8 *peek = s + u;
4294
4295 /* Skip any case ignorable characters */
4296 while (peek < send && is_utf8_case_ignorable(peek)) {
4297 peek += UTF8SKIP(peek);
4298 }
4299
4300 /* If we reached the end of the string without finding any
4301 * non-case ignorable characters, or if the next such one
4302 * is not-cased, then we have met the conditions for it
4303 * being a final sigma with regards to peek ahead, and so
4304 * must do peek behind for the remaining conditions. (We
4305 * know there is stuff behind to look at since we tested
4306 * above that this isn't the first letter) */
4307 if (peek >= send || ! is_utf8_cased(peek)) {
4308 peek = utf8_hop(s, -1);
4309
4310 /* Here are at the beginning of the first character
4311 * before the original upper case sigma. Keep backing
4312 * up, skipping any case ignorable characters */
4313 while (is_utf8_case_ignorable(peek)) {
4314 peek = utf8_hop(peek, -1);
4315 }
4316
4317 /* Here peek points to the first byte of the closest
4318 * non-case-ignorable character before the capital
4319 * sigma. If it is cased, then by the Unicode
4320 * algorithm, we should use a small final sigma instead
4321 * of what we have */
4322 if (is_utf8_cased(peek)) {
4323 STORE_UNI_TO_UTF8_TWO_BYTE(tmpbuf,
4324 UNICODE_GREEK_SMALL_LETTER_FINAL_SIGMA);
4325 }
4326 }
4327 }
4328 else { /* Not a context sensitive mapping */
4329#endif /* End of commented out context sensitive */
4330 if (ulen > u && (SvLEN(dest) < (min += ulen - u))) {
4331
4332 /* If the eventually required minimum size outgrows
4333 * the available space, we need to grow. */
4334 const UV o = d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest);
4335
4336 /* If someone lowercases one million U+0130s we
4337 * SvGROW() one million times. Or we could try
4338 * guessing how much to allocate without allocating too
4339 * much. Such is life. Another option would be to
4340 * grow an extra byte or two more each time we need to
4341 * grow, which would cut down the million to 500K, with
4342 * little waste */
4343 SvGROW(dest, min);
4344 d = (U8*)SvPVX(dest) + o;
4345 }
4346#ifdef CONTEXT_DEPENDENT_CASING
4347 }
4348#endif
4349 /* Copy the newly lowercased letter to the output buffer we're
4350 * building */
4351 Copy(tmpbuf, d, ulen, U8);
4352 d += ulen;
4353 s += u;
4354#ifdef GO_AHEAD_AND_BREAK_USER_DEFINED_CASE_MAPPINGS
4355 }
4356#endif
4357 } /* End of looping through the source string */
ec9af7d4
NC
4358 SvUTF8_on(dest);
4359 *d = '\0';
4360 SvCUR_set(dest, d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest));
00f254e2 4361 } else { /* Not utf8 */
31351b04 4362 if (len) {
ec9af7d4 4363 const U8 *const send = s + len;
00f254e2
KW
4364
4365 /* Use locale casing if in locale; regular style if not treating
4366 * latin1 as having case; otherwise the latin1 casing. Do the
4367 * whole thing in a tight loop, for speed, */
2de3dbcc 4368 if (IN_LOCALE_RUNTIME) {
31351b04 4369 TAINT;
ec9af7d4
NC
4370 SvTAINTED_on(dest);
4371 for (; s < send; d++, s++)
4372 *d = toLOWER_LC(*s);
31351b04 4373 }
00f254e2
KW
4374 else if (! IN_UNI_8_BIT) {
4375 for (; s < send; d++, s++) {
ec9af7d4 4376 *d = toLOWER(*s);
00f254e2
KW
4377 }
4378 }
4379 else {
4380 for (; s < send; d++, s++) {
4381 *d = toLOWER_LATIN1(*s);
4382 }
31351b04 4383 }
bbce6d69 4384 }
ec9af7d4
NC
4385 if (source != dest) {
4386 *d = '\0';
4387 SvCUR_set(dest, d - (U8*)SvPVX_const(dest));
4388 }
79072805 4389 }
ec9af7d4 4390 SvSETMAGIC(dest);
79072805
LW
4391 RETURN;
4392}
4393
a0d0e21e 4394PP(pp_quotemeta)
79072805 4395{
97aff369 4396 dVAR; dSP; dTARGET;
1b6737cc 4397 SV * const sv = TOPs;
a0d0e21e 4398 STRLEN len;
0d46e09a 4399 register const char *s = SvPV_const(sv,len);
79072805 4400
7e2040f0 4401 SvUTF8_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
a0d0e21e 4402 if (len) {
1b6737cc 4403 register char *d;
862a34c6 4404 SvUPGRADE(TARG, SVt_PV);
c07a80fd 4405 SvGROW(TARG, (len * 2) + 1);
a0d0e21e 4406 d = SvPVX(TARG);
7e2040f0 4407 if (DO_UTF8(sv)) {
0dd2cdef 4408 while (len) {
fd400ab9 4409 if (UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)) {
0dd2cdef
LW
4410 STRLEN ulen = UTF8SKIP(s);
4411 if (ulen > len)
4412 ulen = len;
4413 len -= ulen;
4414 while (ulen--)
4415 *d++ = *s++;
4416 }
4417 else {
4418 if (!isALNUM(*s))
4419 *d++ = '\\';
4420 *d++ = *s++;
4421 len--;
4422 }
4423 }
7e2040f0 4424 SvUTF8_on(TARG);
0dd2cdef
LW
4425 }
4426 else {
4427 while (len--) {
4428 if (!isALNUM(*s))
4429 *d++ = '\\';
4430 *d++ = *s++;
4431 }
79072805 4432 }
a0d0e21e 4433 *d = '\0';
349d4f2f 4434 SvCUR_set(TARG, d - SvPVX_const(TARG));
3aa33fe5 4435 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(TARG);
79072805 4436 }
a0d0e21e
LW
4437 else
4438 sv_setpvn(TARG, s, len);
ec93b65f 4439 SETTARG;
79072805
LW
4440 RETURN;
4441}
4442
a0d0e21e 4443/* Arrays. */
79072805 4444
a0d0e21e 4445PP(pp_aslice)
79072805 4446{
97aff369 4447 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
502c6561 4448 register AV *const av = MUTABLE_AV(POPs);
1b6737cc 4449 register const I32 lval = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET);
79072805 4450
a0d0e21e 4451 if (SvTYPE(av) == SVt_PVAV) {
fc15ae8f 4452 const I32 arybase = CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop);
4ad10a0b
VP
4453 const bool localizing = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO;
4454 bool can_preserve = FALSE;
4455
4456 if (localizing) {
4457 MAGIC *mg;
4458 HV *stash;
4459
4460 can_preserve = SvCANEXISTDELETE(av);
4461 }
4462
4463 if (lval && localizing) {
1b6737cc 4464 register SV **svp;
748a9306 4465 I32 max = -1;
924508f0 4466 for (svp = MARK + 1; svp <= SP; svp++) {
4ea561bc 4467 const I32 elem = SvIV(*svp);
748a9306
LW
4468 if (elem > max)
4469 max = elem;
4470 }
4471 if (max > AvMAX(av))
4472 av_extend(av, max);
4473 }
4ad10a0b 4474
a0d0e21e 4475 while (++MARK <= SP) {
1b6737cc 4476 register SV **svp;
4ea561bc 4477 I32 elem = SvIV(*MARK);
4ad10a0b 4478 bool preeminent = TRUE;
a0d0e21e 4479
748a9306
LW
4480 if (elem > 0)
4481 elem -= arybase;
4ad10a0b
VP
4482 if (localizing && can_preserve) {
4483 /* If we can determine whether the element exist,
4484 * Try to preserve the existenceness of a tied array
4485 * element by using EXISTS and DELETE if possible.
4486 * Fallback to FETCH and STORE otherwise. */
4487 preeminent = av_exists(av, elem);
4488 }
4489
a0d0e21e
LW
4490 svp = av_fetch(av, elem, lval);
4491 if (lval) {
3280af22 4492 if (!svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef)
cea2e8a9 4493 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_aelem, elem);
4ad10a0b
VP
4494 if (localizing) {
4495 if (preeminent)
4496 save_aelem(av, elem, svp);
4497 else
4498 SAVEADELETE(av, elem);
4499 }
79072805 4500 }
3280af22 4501 *MARK = svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
79072805
LW
4502 }
4503 }
748a9306 4504 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
a0d0e21e 4505 MARK = ORIGMARK;
04ab2c87 4506 *++MARK = SP > ORIGMARK ? *SP : &PL_sv_undef;
a0d0e21e
LW
4507 SP = MARK;
4508 }
79072805
LW
4509 RETURN;
4510}
4511
878d132a
NC
4512PP(pp_aeach)
4513{
4514 dVAR;
4515 dSP;
502c6561 4516 AV *array = MUTABLE_AV(POPs);
878d132a 4517 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
453d94a9 4518 IV *iterp = Perl_av_iter_p(aTHX_ array);
878d132a
NC
4519 const IV current = (*iterp)++;
4520
4521 if (current > av_len(array)) {
4522 *iterp = 0;
4523 if (gimme == G_SCALAR)
4524 RETPUSHUNDEF;
4525 else
4526 RETURN;
4527 }
4528
4529 EXTEND(SP, 2);
4530 mPUSHi(CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop) + current);
4531 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
4532 SV **const element = av_fetch(array, current, 0);
4533 PUSHs(element ? *element : &PL_sv_undef);
4534 }
4535 RETURN;
4536}
4537
4538PP(pp_akeys)
4539{
4540 dVAR;
4541 dSP;
502c6561 4542 AV *array = MUTABLE_AV(POPs);
878d132a
NC
4543 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
4544
4545 *Perl_av_iter_p(aTHX_ array) = 0;
4546
4547 if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
4548 dTARGET;
4549 PUSHi(av_len(array) + 1);
4550 }
4551 else if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
4552 IV n = Perl_av_len(aTHX_ array);
4553 IV i = CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop);
4554
4555 EXTEND(SP, n + 1);
4556
4557 if (PL_op->op_type == OP_AKEYS) {
4558 n += i;
4559 for (; i <= n; i++) {
4560 mPUSHi(i);
4561 }
4562 }
4563 else {
4564 for (i = 0; i <= n; i++) {
4565 SV *const *const elem = Perl_av_fetch(aTHX_ array, i, 0);
4566 PUSHs(elem ? *elem : &PL_sv_undef);
4567 }
4568 }
4569 }
4570 RETURN;
4571}
4572
79072805
LW
4573/* Associative arrays. */
4574
4575PP(pp_each)
4576{
97aff369 4577 dVAR;
39644a26 4578 dSP;
85fbaab2 4579 HV * hash = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
c07a80fd 4580 HE *entry;
f54cb97a 4581 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
8ec5e241 4582
c07a80fd 4583 PUTBACK;
c750a3ec 4584 /* might clobber stack_sp */
6d822dc4 4585 entry = hv_iternext(hash);
c07a80fd 4586 SPAGAIN;
79072805 4587
79072805
LW
4588 EXTEND(SP, 2);
4589 if (entry) {
1b6737cc 4590 SV* const sv = hv_iterkeysv(entry);
574c8022 4591 PUSHs(sv); /* won't clobber stack_sp */
54310121 4592 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
59af0135 4593 SV *val;
c07a80fd 4594 PUTBACK;
c750a3ec 4595 /* might clobber stack_sp */
6d822dc4 4596 val = hv_iterval(hash, entry);
c07a80fd 4597 SPAGAIN;
59af0135 4598 PUSHs(val);
79072805 4599 }
79072805 4600 }
54310121 4601 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR)
79072805
LW
4602 RETPUSHUNDEF;
4603
4604 RETURN;
4605}
4606
7332a6c4
VP
4607STATIC OP *
4608S_do_delete_local(pTHX)
79072805 4609{
97aff369 4610 dVAR;
39644a26 4611 dSP;
f54cb97a 4612 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
7332a6c4
VP
4613 const MAGIC *mg;
4614 HV *stash;
4615
4616 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpSLICE) {
4617 dMARK; dORIGMARK;
4618 SV * const osv = POPs;
4619 const bool tied = SvRMAGICAL(osv)
4620 && mg_find((const SV *)osv, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
4621 const bool can_preserve = SvCANEXISTDELETE(osv)
4622 || mg_find((const SV *)osv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4623 const U32 type = SvTYPE(osv);
4624 if (type == SVt_PVHV) { /* hash element */
4625 HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(osv);
4626 while (++MARK <= SP) {
4627 SV * const keysv = *MARK;
4628 SV *sv = NULL;
4629 bool preeminent = TRUE;
4630 if (can_preserve)
4631 preeminent = hv_exists_ent(hv, keysv, 0);
4632 if (tied) {
4633 HE *he = hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, 1, 0);
4634 if (he)
4635 sv = HeVAL(he);
4636 else
4637 preeminent = FALSE;
4638 }
4639 else {
4640 sv = hv_delete_ent(hv, keysv, 0, 0);
4641 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv); /* De-mortalize */
4642 }
4643 if (preeminent) {
4644 save_helem_flags(hv, keysv, &sv, SAVEf_KEEPOLDELEM);
4645 if (tied) {
4646 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(sv);
4647 mg_clear(sv);
4648 } else
4649 *MARK = sv;
4650 }
4651 else {
4652 SAVEHDELETE(hv, keysv);
4653 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
4654 }
4655 }
4656 }
4657 else if (type == SVt_PVAV) { /* array element */
4658 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) {
4659 AV * const av = MUTABLE_AV(osv);
4660 while (++MARK <= SP) {
4661 I32 idx = SvIV(*MARK);
4662 SV *sv = NULL;
4663 bool preeminent = TRUE;
4664 if (can_preserve)
4665 preeminent = av_exists(av, idx);
4666 if (tied) {
4667 SV **svp = av_fetch(av, idx, 1);
4668 if (svp)
4669 sv = *svp;
4670 else
4671 preeminent = FALSE;
4672 }
4673 else {
4674 sv = av_delete(av, idx, 0);
4675 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv); /* De-mortalize */
4676 }
4677 if (preeminent) {
4678 save_aelem_flags(av, idx, &sv, SAVEf_KEEPOLDELEM);
4679 if (tied) {
4680 *MARK = sv_mortalcopy(sv);
4681 mg_clear(sv);
4682 } else
4683 *MARK = sv;
4684 }
4685 else {
4686 SAVEADELETE(av, idx);
4687 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
4688 }
4689 }
4690 }
4691 }
4692 else
4693 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
4694 if (gimme == G_VOID)
4695 SP = ORIGMARK;
4696 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
4697 MARK = ORIGMARK;
4698 if (SP > MARK)
4699 *++MARK = *SP;
4700 else
4701 *++MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
4702 SP = MARK;
4703 }
4704 }
4705 else {
4706 SV * const keysv = POPs;
4707 SV * const osv = POPs;
4708 const bool tied = SvRMAGICAL(osv)
4709 && mg_find((const SV *)osv, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
4710 const bool can_preserve = SvCANEXISTDELETE(osv)
4711 || mg_find((const SV *)osv, PERL_MAGIC_env);
4712 const U32 type = SvTYPE(osv);
4713 SV *sv = NULL;
4714 if (type == SVt_PVHV) {
4715 HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(osv);
4716 bool preeminent = TRUE;
4717 if (can_preserve)
4718 preeminent = hv_exists_ent(hv, keysv, 0);
4719 if (tied) {
4720 HE *he = hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, 1, 0);
4721 if (he)
4722 sv = HeVAL(he);
4723 else
4724 preeminent = FALSE;
4725 }
4726 else {
4727 sv = hv_delete_ent(hv, keysv, 0, 0);
4728 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv); /* De-mortalize */
4729 }
4730 if (preeminent) {
4731 save_helem_flags(hv, keysv, &sv, SAVEf_KEEPOLDELEM);
4732 if (tied) {
4733 SV *nsv = sv_mortalcopy(sv);
4734 mg_clear(sv);
4735 sv = nsv;
4736 }
4737 }
4738 else
4739 SAVEHDELETE(hv, keysv);
4740 }
4741 else if (type == SVt_PVAV) {
4742 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) {
4743 AV * const av = MUTABLE_AV(osv);
4744 I32 idx = SvIV(keysv);
4745 bool preeminent = TRUE;
4746 if (can_preserve)
4747 preeminent = av_exists(av, idx);
4748 if (tied) {
4749 SV **svp = av_fetch(av, idx, 1);
4750 if (svp)
4751 sv = *svp;
4752 else
4753 preeminent = FALSE;
4754 }
4755 else {
4756 sv = av_delete(av, idx, 0);
4757 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv); /* De-mortalize */
4758 }
4759 if (preeminent) {
4760 save_aelem_flags(av, idx, &sv, SAVEf_KEEPOLDELEM);
4761 if (tied) {
4762 SV *nsv = sv_mortalcopy(sv);
4763 mg_clear(sv);
4764 sv = nsv;
4765 }
4766 }
4767 else
4768 SAVEADELETE(av, idx);
4769 }
4770 else
4771 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: avhv_delete no longer supported");
4772 }
4773 else
4774 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
4775 if (!sv)
4776 sv = &PL_sv_undef;
4777 if (gimme != G_VOID)
4778 PUSHs(sv);
4779 }
4780
4781 RETURN;
4782}
4783
4784PP(pp_delete)
4785{
4786 dVAR;
4787 dSP;
4788 I32 gimme;
4789 I32 discard;
4790
4791 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4792 return do_delete_local();
4793
4794 gimme = GIMME_V;
4795 discard = (gimme == G_VOID) ? G_DISCARD : 0;
5f05dabc 4796
533c011a 4797 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpSLICE) {
5f05dabc 4798 dMARK; dORIGMARK;
85fbaab2 4799 HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
1b6737cc 4800 const U32 hvtype = SvTYPE(hv);
01020589
GS
4801 if (hvtype == SVt_PVHV) { /* hash element */
4802 while (++MARK <= SP) {
1b6737cc 4803 SV * const sv = hv_delete_ent(hv, *MARK, discard, 0);
01020589
GS
4804 *MARK = sv ? sv : &PL_sv_undef;
4805 }
5f05dabc 4806 }
6d822dc4
MS
4807 else if (hvtype == SVt_PVAV) { /* array element */
4808 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) {
4809 while (++MARK <= SP) {
502c6561 4810 SV * const sv = av_delete(MUTABLE_AV(hv), SvIV(*MARK), discard);
6d822dc4
MS
4811 *MARK = sv ? sv : &PL_sv_undef;
4812 }
4813 }
01020589
GS
4814 }
4815 else
4816 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
54310121 4817 if (discard)
4818 SP = ORIGMARK;
4819 else if (gimme == G_SCALAR) {
5f05dabc 4820 MARK = ORIGMARK;
9111c9c0
DM
4821 if (SP > MARK)
4822 *++MARK = *SP;
4823 else
4824 *++MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
5f05dabc 4825 SP = MARK;
4826 }
4827 }
4828 else {
4829 SV *keysv = POPs;
85fbaab2 4830 HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
295d248e 4831 SV *sv = NULL;
97fcbf96
MB
4832 if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV)
4833 sv = hv_delete_ent(hv, keysv, discard, 0);
01020589
GS
4834 else if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVAV) {
4835 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
502c6561 4836 sv = av_delete(MUTABLE_AV(hv), SvIV(keysv), discard);
af288a60
HS
4837 else
4838 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: avhv_delete no longer supported");
01020589 4839 }
97fcbf96 4840 else
cea2e8a9 4841 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
5f05dabc 4842 if (!sv)
3280af22 4843 sv = &PL_sv_undef;
54310121 4844 if (!discard)
4845 PUSHs(sv);
79072805 4846 }
79072805
LW
4847 RETURN;
4848}
4849
a0d0e21e 4850PP(pp_exists)
79072805 4851{
97aff369 4852 dVAR;
39644a26 4853 dSP;
afebc493
GS
4854 SV *tmpsv;
4855 HV *hv;
4856
4857 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpEXISTS_SUB) {
4858 GV *gv;
0bd48802 4859 SV * const sv = POPs;
f2c0649b 4860 CV * const cv = sv_2cv(sv, &hv, &gv, 0);
afebc493
GS
4861 if (cv)
4862 RETPUSHYES;
4863 if (gv && isGV(gv) && GvCV(gv) && !GvCVGEN(gv))
4864 RETPUSHYES;
4865 RETPUSHNO;
4866 }
4867 tmpsv = POPs;
85fbaab2 4868 hv = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
c750a3ec 4869 if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVHV) {
ae77835f 4870 if (hv_exists_ent(hv, tmpsv, 0))
c750a3ec 4871 RETPUSHYES;
ef54e1a4
JH
4872 }
4873 else if (SvTYPE(hv) == SVt_PVAV) {
01020589 4874 if (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) { /* array element */
502c6561 4875 if (av_exists(MUTABLE_AV(hv), SvIV(tmpsv)))
01020589
GS
4876 RETPUSHYES;
4877 }
ef54e1a4
JH
4878 }
4879 else {
cea2e8a9 4880 DIE(aTHX_ "Not a HASH reference");
a0d0e21e 4881 }
a0d0e21e
LW
4882 RETPUSHNO;
4883}
79072805 4884
a0d0e21e
LW
4885PP(pp_hslice)
4886{
97aff369 4887 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
85fbaab2 4888 register HV * const hv = MUTABLE_HV(POPs);
1b6737cc
AL
4889 register const I32 lval = (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_MOD || LVRET);
4890 const bool localizing = PL_op->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO;
d30e492c 4891 bool can_preserve = FALSE;
79072805 4892
eb85dfd3
DM
4893 if (localizing) {
4894 MAGIC *mg;
4895 HV *stash;
4896
d30e492c
VP
4897 if (SvCANEXISTDELETE(hv) || mg_find((const SV *)hv, PERL_MAGIC_env))
4898 can_preserve = TRUE;
eb85dfd3
DM
4899 }
4900
6d822dc4 4901 while (++MARK <= SP) {
1b6737cc 4902 SV * const keysv = *MARK;
6d822dc4
MS
4903 SV **svp;
4904 HE *he;
d30e492c
VP
4905 bool preeminent = TRUE;
4906
4907 if (localizing && can_preserve) {
4908 /* If we can determine whether the element exist,
4909 * try to preserve the existenceness of a tied hash
4910 * element by using EXISTS and DELETE if possible.
4911 * Fallback to FETCH and STORE otherwise. */
4912 preeminent = hv_exists_ent(hv, keysv, 0);
6d822dc4 4913 }
eb85dfd3 4914
6d822dc4 4915 he = hv_fetch_ent(hv, keysv, lval, 0);
fe5bfecd 4916 svp = he ? &HeVAL(he) : NULL;
eb85dfd3 4917
6d822dc4
MS
4918 if (lval) {
4919 if (!svp || *svp == &PL_sv_undef) {
be2597df 4920 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_helem_sv, SVfARG(keysv));
6d822dc4
MS
4921 }
4922 if (localizing) {
7a2e501a 4923 if (HvNAME_get(hv) && isGV(*svp))
159b6efe 4924 save_gp(MUTABLE_GV(*svp), !(PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
47cfc530
VP
4925 else if (preeminent)
4926 save_helem_flags(hv, keysv, svp,
4927 (PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) ? 0 : SAVEf_SETMAGIC);
4928 else
4929 SAVEHDELETE(hv, keysv);
6d822dc4
MS
4930 }
4931 }
4932 *MARK = svp ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef;
79072805 4933 }
a0d0e21e
LW
4934 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
4935 MARK = ORIGMARK;
04ab2c87 4936 *++MARK = SP > ORIGMARK ? *SP : &PL_sv_undef;
a0d0e21e 4937 SP = MARK;
79072805 4938 }
a0d0e21e
LW
4939 RETURN;
4940}
4941
4942/* List operators. */
4943
4944PP(pp_list)
4945{
97aff369 4946 dVAR; dSP; dMARK;
a0d0e21e
LW
4947 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
4948 if (++MARK <= SP)
4949 *MARK = *SP; /* unwanted list, return last item */
8990e307 4950 else
3280af22 4951 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
a0d0e21e 4952 SP = MARK;
79072805 4953 }
a0d0e21e 4954 RETURN;
79072805
LW
4955}
4956
a0d0e21e 4957PP(pp_lslice)
79072805 4958{
97aff369 4959 dVAR;
39644a26 4960 dSP;
1b6737cc
AL
4961 SV ** const lastrelem = PL_stack_sp;
4962 SV ** const lastlelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK;
4963 SV ** const firstlelem = PL_stack_base + POPMARK + 1;
4964 register SV ** const firstrelem = lastlelem + 1;
fc15ae8f 4965 const I32 arybase = CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop);
42e73ed0 4966 I32 is_something_there = FALSE;
1b6737cc
AL
4967
4968 register const I32 max = lastrelem - lastlelem;
a0d0e21e 4969 register SV **lelem;
a0d0e21e
LW
4970
4971 if (GIMME != G_ARRAY) {
4ea561bc 4972 I32 ix = SvIV(*lastlelem);
748a9306
LW
4973 if (ix < 0)
4974 ix += max;
4975 else
4976 ix -= arybase;
a0d0e21e 4977 if (ix < 0 || ix >= max)
3280af22 4978 *firstlelem = &PL_sv_undef;
a0d0e21e
LW
4979 else
4980 *firstlelem = firstrelem[ix];
4981 SP = firstlelem;
4982 RETURN;
4983 }
4984
4985 if (max == 0) {
4986 SP = firstlelem - 1;
4987 RETURN;
4988 }
4989
4990 for (lelem = firstlelem; lelem <= lastlelem; lelem++) {
4ea561bc 4991 I32 ix = SvIV(*lelem);
c73bf8e3 4992 if (ix < 0)
a0d0e21e 4993 ix += max;
b13b2135 4994 else
748a9306 4995 ix -= arybase;
c73bf8e3
HS
4996 if (ix < 0 || ix >= max)
4997 *lelem = &PL_sv_undef;
4998 else {
4999 is_something_there = TRUE;
5000 if (!(*lelem = firstrelem[ix]))
3280af22 5001 *lelem = &PL_sv_undef;
748a9306 5002 }
79072805 5003 }
4633a7c4
LW
5004 if (is_something_there)
5005 SP = lastlelem;
5006 else
5007 SP = firstlelem - 1;
79072805
LW
5008 RETURN;
5009}
5010
a0d0e21e
LW
5011PP(pp_anonlist)
5012{
97aff369 5013 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
1b6737cc 5014 const I32 items = SP - MARK;
ad64d0ec 5015 SV * const av = MUTABLE_SV(av_make(items, MARK+1));
44a8e56a 5016 SP = ORIGMARK; /* av_make() might realloc stack_sp */
6e449a3a
MHM
5017 mXPUSHs((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
5018 ? newRV_noinc(av) : av);
a0d0e21e
LW
5019 RETURN;
5020}
5021
5022PP(pp_anonhash)
79072805 5023{
97aff369 5024 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
78c72037 5025 HV* const hv = newHV();
a0d0e21e
LW
5026
5027 while (MARK < SP) {
1b6737cc 5028 SV * const key = *++MARK;
561b68a9 5029 SV * const val = newSV(0);
a0d0e21e
LW
5030 if (MARK < SP)
5031 sv_setsv(val, *++MARK);
a2a5de95
NC
5032 else
5033 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Odd number of elements in anonymous hash");
f12c7020 5034 (void)hv_store_ent(hv,key,val,0);
79072805 5035 }
a0d0e21e 5036 SP = ORIGMARK;
6e449a3a 5037 mXPUSHs((PL_op->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
ad64d0ec 5038 ? newRV_noinc(MUTABLE_SV(hv)) : MUTABLE_SV(hv));
79072805
LW
5039 RETURN;
5040}
5041
a0d0e21e 5042PP(pp_splice)
79072805 5043{
27da23d5 5044 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK;
502c6561 5045 register AV *ary = MUTABLE_AV(*++MARK);
a0d0e21e
LW
5046 register SV **src;
5047 register SV **dst;
5048 register I32 i;
5049 register I32 offset;
5050 register I32 length;
5051 I32 newlen;
5052 I32 after;
5053 I32 diff;
ad64d0ec 5054 const MAGIC * const mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)ary, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
93965878 5055
1b6737cc 5056 if (mg) {
ad64d0ec 5057 *MARK-- = SvTIED_obj(MUTABLE_SV(ary), mg);
93965878 5058 PUSHMARK(MARK);
8ec5e241 5059 PUTBACK;
d343c3ef 5060 ENTER_with_name("call_SPLICE");
864dbfa3 5061 call_method("SPLICE",GIMME_V);
d343c3ef 5062 LEAVE_with_name("call_SPLICE");
93965878
NIS
5063 SPAGAIN;
5064 RETURN;
5065 }
79072805 5066
a0d0e21e 5067 SP++;
79072805 5068
a0d0e21e 5069 if (++MARK < SP) {
4ea561bc 5070 offset = i = SvIV(*MARK);
a0d0e21e 5071 if (offset < 0)
93965878 5072 offset += AvFILLp(ary) + 1;
a0d0e21e 5073 else
fc15ae8f 5074 offset -= CopARYBASE_get(PL_curcop);
84902520 5075 if (offset < 0)
cea2e8a9 5076 DIE(aTHX_ PL_no_aelem, i);
a0d0e21e
LW
5077 if (++MARK < SP) {
5078 length = SvIVx(*MARK++);
48cdf507
GA
5079 if (length < 0) {
5080 length += AvFILLp(ary) - offset + 1;
5081 if (length < 0)
5082 length = 0;
5083 }
79072805
LW
5084 }
5085 else
a0d0e21e 5086 length = AvMAX(ary) + 1; /* close enough to infinity */
79072805 5087 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5088 else {
5089 offset = 0;
5090 length = AvMAX(ary) + 1;
5091 }
8cbc2e3b 5092 if (offset > AvFILLp(ary) + 1) {
a2a5de95 5093 Perl_ck_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "splice() offset past end of array" );
93965878 5094 offset = AvFILLp(ary) + 1;
8cbc2e3b 5095 }
93965878 5096 after = AvFILLp(ary) + 1 - (offset + length);
a0d0e21e
LW
5097 if (after < 0) { /* not that much array */
5098 length += after; /* offset+length now in array */
5099 after = 0;
5100 if (!AvALLOC(ary))
5101 av_extend(ary, 0);
5102 }
5103
5104 /* At this point, MARK .. SP-1 is our new LIST */
5105
5106 newlen = SP - MARK;
5107 diff = newlen - length;
13d7cbc1
GS
5108 if (newlen && !AvREAL(ary) && AvREIFY(ary))
5109 av_reify(ary);
a0d0e21e 5110
50528de0
WL
5111 /* make new elements SVs now: avoid problems if they're from the array */
5112 for (dst = MARK, i = newlen; i; i--) {
1b6737cc 5113 SV * const h = *dst;
f2b990bf 5114 *dst++ = newSVsv(h);
50528de0
WL
5115 }
5116
a0d0e21e 5117 if (diff < 0) { /* shrinking the area */
95b63a38 5118 SV **tmparyval = NULL;
a0d0e21e 5119 if (newlen) {
a02a5408 5120 Newx(tmparyval, newlen, SV*); /* so remember insertion */
a0d0e21e 5121 Copy(MARK, tmparyval, newlen, SV*);
79072805 5122 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5123
5124 MARK = ORIGMARK + 1;
5125 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) { /* copy return vals to stack */
5126 MEXTEND(MARK, length);
5127 Copy(AvARRAY(ary)+offset, MARK, length, SV*);
5128 if (AvREAL(ary)) {
bbce6d69 5129 EXTEND_MORTAL(length);
36477c24 5130 for (i = length, dst = MARK; i; i--) {
d689ffdd 5131 sv_2mortal(*dst); /* free them eventualy */
36477c24 5132 dst++;
5133 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5134 }
5135 MARK += length - 1;
79072805 5136 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5137 else {
5138 *MARK = AvARRAY(ary)[offset+length-1];
5139 if (AvREAL(ary)) {
d689ffdd 5140 sv_2mortal(*MARK);
a0d0e21e
LW
5141 for (i = length - 1, dst = &AvARRAY(ary)[offset]; i > 0; i--)
5142 SvREFCNT_dec(*dst++); /* free them now */
79072805 5143 }
a0d0e21e 5144 }
93965878 5145 AvFILLp(ary) += diff;
a0d0e21e
LW
5146
5147 /* pull up or down? */
5148
5149 if (offset < after) { /* easier to pull up */
5150 if (offset) { /* esp. if nothing to pull */
5151 src = &AvARRAY(ary)[offset-1];
5152 dst = src - diff; /* diff is negative */
5153 for (i = offset; i > 0; i--) /* can't trust Copy */
5154 *dst-- = *src--;
79072805 5155 }
a0d0e21e 5156 dst = AvARRAY(ary);
9c6bc640 5157 AvARRAY(ary) = AvARRAY(ary) - diff; /* diff is negative */
a0d0e21e
LW
5158 AvMAX(ary) += diff;
5159 }
5160 else {
5161 if (after) { /* anything to pull down? */
5162 src = AvARRAY(ary) + offset + length;
5163 dst = src + diff; /* diff is negative */
5164 Move(src, dst, after, SV*);
79072805 5165 }
93965878 5166 dst = &AvARRAY(ary)[AvFILLp(ary)+1];
a0d0e21e
LW
5167 /* avoid later double free */
5168 }
5169 i = -diff;
5170 while (i)
3280af22 5171 dst[--i] = &PL_sv_undef;
a0d0e21e
LW
5172
5173 if (newlen) {
50528de0 5174 Copy( tmparyval, AvARRAY(ary) + offset, newlen, SV* );
a0d0e21e
LW
5175 Safefree(tmparyval);
5176 }
5177 }
5178 else { /* no, expanding (or same) */
d3961450 5179 SV** tmparyval = NULL;
a0d0e21e 5180 if (length) {
a02a5408 5181 Newx(tmparyval, length, SV*); /* so remember deletion */
a0d0e21e
LW
5182 Copy(AvARRAY(ary)+offset, tmparyval, length, SV*);
5183 }
5184
5185 if (diff > 0) { /* expanding */
a0d0e21e 5186 /* push up or down? */
a0d0e21e
LW
5187 if (offset < after && diff <= AvARRAY(ary) - AvALLOC(ary)) {
5188 if (offset) {
5189 src = AvARRAY(ary);
5190 dst = src - diff;
5191 Move(src, dst, offset, SV*);
79072805 5192 }
9c6bc640 5193 AvARRAY(ary) = AvARRAY(ary) - diff;/* diff is positive */
a0d0e21e 5194 AvMAX(ary) += diff;
93965878 5195 AvFILLp(ary) += diff;
79072805
LW
5196 }
5197 else {
93965878
NIS
5198 if (AvFILLp(ary) + diff >= AvMAX(ary)) /* oh, well */
5199 av_extend(ary, AvFILLp(ary) + diff);
5200 AvFILLp(ary) += diff;
a0d0e21e
LW
5201
5202 if (after) {
93965878 5203 dst = AvARRAY(ary) + AvFILLp(ary);
a0d0e21e
LW
5204 src = dst - diff;
5205 for (i = after; i; i--) {
5206 *dst-- = *src--;
5207 }
79072805
LW
5208 }
5209 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5210 }
5211
50528de0
WL
5212 if (newlen) {
5213 Copy( MARK, AvARRAY(ary) + offset, newlen, SV* );
a0d0e21e 5214 }
50528de0 5215
a0d0e21e
LW
5216 MARK = ORIGMARK + 1;
5217 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) { /* copy return vals to stack */
5218 if (length) {
5219 Copy(tmparyval, MARK, length, SV*);
5220 if (AvREAL(ary)) {
bbce6d69 5221 EXTEND_MORTAL(length);
36477c24 5222 for (i = length, dst = MARK; i; i--) {
d689ffdd 5223 sv_2mortal(*dst); /* free them eventualy */
36477c24 5224 dst++;
5225 }
79072805
LW
5226 }
5227 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5228 MARK += length - 1;
5229 }
5230 else if (length--) {
5231 *MARK = tmparyval[length];
5232 if (AvREAL(ary)) {
d689ffdd 5233 sv_2mortal(*MARK);
a0d0e21e
LW
5234 while (length-- > 0)
5235 SvREFCNT_dec(tmparyval[length]);
79072805 5236 }
79072805 5237 }
a0d0e21e 5238 else
3280af22 5239 *MARK = &PL_sv_undef;
d3961450 5240 Safefree(tmparyval);
79072805 5241 }
a0d0e21e 5242 SP = MARK;
79072805
LW
5243 RETURN;
5244}
5245
a0d0e21e 5246PP(pp_push)
79072805 5247{
27da23d5 5248 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
502c6561 5249 register AV * const ary = MUTABLE_AV(*++MARK);
ad64d0ec 5250 const MAGIC * const mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)ary, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
79072805 5251
1b6737cc 5252 if (mg) {
ad64d0ec 5253 *MARK-- = SvTIED_obj(MUTABLE_SV(ary), mg);
93965878
NIS
5254 PUSHMARK(MARK);
5255 PUTBACK;
d343c3ef 5256 ENTER_with_name("call_PUSH");
864dbfa3 5257 call_method("PUSH",G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
d343c3ef 5258 LEAVE_with_name("call_PUSH");
93965878 5259 SPAGAIN;
93965878 5260 }
a60c0954 5261 else {
89c14e2e 5262 PL_delaymagic = DM_DELAY;
a60c0954 5263 for (++MARK; MARK <= SP; MARK++) {
561b68a9 5264 SV * const sv = newSV(0);
a60c0954
NIS
5265 if (*MARK)
5266 sv_setsv(sv, *MARK);
0a75904b 5267 av_store(ary, AvFILLp(ary)+1, sv);
a60c0954 5268 }
89c14e2e 5269 if (PL_delaymagic & DM_ARRAY)
ad64d0ec 5270 mg_set(MUTABLE_SV(ary));
89c14e2e
BB
5271
5272 PL_delaymagic = 0;
6eeabd23
VP
5273 }
5274 SP = ORIGMARK;
5275 if (OP_GIMME(PL_op, 0) != G_VOID) {
5276 PUSHi( AvFILL(ary) + 1 );
79072805 5277 }
79072805
LW
5278 RETURN;
5279}
5280
a0d0e21e 5281PP(pp_shift)
79072805 5282{
97aff369 5283 dVAR;
39644a26 5284 dSP;
502c6561 5285 AV * const av = MUTABLE_AV(POPs);
789b4bc9 5286 SV * const sv = PL_op->op_type == OP_SHIFT ? av_shift(av) : av_pop(av);
79072805 5287 EXTEND(SP, 1);
c2b4a044 5288 assert (sv);
d689ffdd 5289 if (AvREAL(av))
a0d0e21e
LW
5290 (void)sv_2mortal(sv);
5291 PUSHs(sv);
79072805 5292 RETURN;
79072805
LW
5293}
5294
a0d0e21e 5295PP(pp_unshift)
79072805 5296{
27da23d5 5297 dVAR; dSP; dMARK; dORIGMARK; dTARGET;
502c6561 5298 register AV *ary = MUTABLE_AV(*++MARK);
ad64d0ec 5299 const MAGIC * const mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)ary, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
93965878 5300
1b6737cc 5301 if (mg) {
ad64d0ec 5302 *MARK-- = SvTIED_obj(MUTABLE_SV(ary), mg);
7fd66d9d 5303 PUSHMARK(MARK);
93965878 5304 PUTBACK;
d343c3ef 5305 ENTER_with_name("call_UNSHIFT");
864dbfa3 5306 call_method("UNSHIFT",G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
d343c3ef 5307 LEAVE_with_name("call_UNSHIFT");
93965878 5308 SPAGAIN;
93965878 5309 }
a60c0954 5310 else {
1b6737cc 5311 register I32 i = 0;
a60c0954
NIS
5312 av_unshift(ary, SP - MARK);
5313 while (MARK < SP) {
1b6737cc 5314 SV * const sv = newSVsv(*++MARK);
a60c0954
NIS
5315 (void)av_store(ary, i++, sv);
5316 }
79072805 5317 }
a0d0e21e 5318 SP = ORIGMARK;
6eeabd23 5319 if (OP_GIMME(PL_op, 0) != G_VOID) {
5658d0a9
LR
5320 PUSHi( AvFILL(ary) + 1 );
5321 }
79072805 5322 RETURN;
79072805
LW
5323}
5324
a0d0e21e 5325PP(pp_reverse)
79072805 5326{
97aff369 5327 dVAR; dSP; dMARK;
79072805 5328
a0d0e21e 5329 if (GIMME == G_ARRAY) {
484c818f
VP
5330 if (PL_op->op_private & OPpREVERSE_INPLACE) {
5331 AV *av;
5332
5333 /* See pp_sort() */
5334 assert( MARK+1 == SP && *SP && SvTYPE(*SP) == SVt_PVAV);
5335 (void)POPMARK; /* remove mark associated with ex-OP_AASSIGN */
5336 av = MUTABLE_AV((*SP));
5337 /* In-place reversing only happens in void context for the array
5338 * assignment. We don't need to push anything on the stack. */
5339 SP = MARK;
5340
5341 if (SvMAGICAL(av)) {
5342 I32 i, j;
5343 register SV *tmp = sv_newmortal();
5344 /* For SvCANEXISTDELETE */
5345 HV *stash;
5346 const MAGIC *mg;
5347 bool can_preserve = SvCANEXISTDELETE(av);
5348
5349 for (i = 0, j = av_len(av); i < j; ++i, --j) {
5350 register SV *begin, *end;
5351
5352 if (can_preserve) {
5353 if (!av_exists(av, i)) {
5354 if (av_exists(av, j)) {
5355 register SV *sv = av_delete(av, j, 0);
5356 begin = *av_fetch(av, i, TRUE);
5357 sv_setsv_mg(begin, sv);
5358 }
5359 continue;
5360 }
5361 else if (!av_exists(av, j)) {
5362 register SV *sv = av_delete(av, i, 0);
5363 end = *av_fetch(av, j, TRUE);
5364 sv_setsv_mg(end, sv);
5365 continue;
5366 }
5367 }
5368
5369 begin = *av_fetch(av, i, TRUE);
5370 end = *av_fetch(av, j, TRUE);
5371 sv_setsv(tmp, begin);
5372 sv_setsv_mg(begin, end);
5373 sv_setsv_mg(end, tmp);
5374 }
5375 }
5376 else {
5377 SV **begin = AvARRAY(av);
5378 SV **end = begin + AvFILLp(av);
5379
5380 while (begin < end) {
5381 register SV * const tmp = *begin;
5382 *begin++ = *end;
5383 *end-- = tmp;
5384 }
5385 }
5386 }
5387 else {
5388 SV **oldsp = SP;
5389 MARK++;
5390 while (MARK < SP) {
5391 register SV * const tmp = *MARK;
5392 *MARK++ = *SP;
5393 *SP-- = tmp;
5394 }
5395 /* safe as long as stack cannot get extended in the above */
5396 SP = oldsp;
a0d0e21e 5397 }
79072805
LW
5398 }
5399 else {
a0d0e21e
LW
5400 register char *up;
5401 register char *down;
5402 register I32 tmp;
5403 dTARGET;
5404 STRLEN len;
9f7d9405 5405 PADOFFSET padoff_du;
79072805 5406
7e2040f0 5407 SvUTF8_off(TARG); /* decontaminate */
a0d0e21e 5408 if (SP - MARK > 1)
3280af22 5409 do_join(TARG, &PL_sv_no, MARK, SP);
1e21d011 5410 else {
e1f795dc
RGS
5411 sv_setsv(TARG, (SP > MARK)
5412 ? *SP
29289021 5413 : (padoff_du = find_rundefsvoffset(),
00b1698f
NC
5414 (padoff_du == NOT_IN_PAD
5415 || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(padoff_du))
e1f795dc 5416 ? DEFSV : PAD_SVl(padoff_du)));
1e21d011
B
5417
5418 if (! SvOK(TARG) && ckWARN(WARN_UNINITIALIZED))
5419 report_uninit(TARG);
5420 }
5421
a0d0e21e
LW
5422 up = SvPV_force(TARG, len);
5423 if (len > 1) {
7e2040f0 5424 if (DO_UTF8(TARG)) { /* first reverse each character */
dfe13c55 5425 U8* s = (U8*)SvPVX(TARG);
349d4f2f 5426 const U8* send = (U8*)(s + len);
a0ed51b3 5427 while (s < send) {
d742c382 5428 if (UTF8_IS_INVARIANT(*s)) {
a0ed51b3
LW
5429 s++;
5430 continue;
5431 }
5432 else {
9041c2e3 5433 if (!utf8_to_uvchr(s, 0))
a0dbb045 5434 break;
dfe13c55 5435 up = (char*)s;
a0ed51b3 5436 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
dfe13c55 5437 down = (char*)(s - 1);
a0dbb045 5438 /* reverse this character */
a0ed51b3
LW
5439 while (down > up) {
5440 tmp = *up;
5441 *up++ = *down;
eb160463 5442 *down-- = (char)tmp;
a0ed51b3
LW
5443 }
5444 }
5445 }
5446 up = SvPVX(TARG);
5447 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5448 down = SvPVX(TARG) + len - 1;
5449 while (down > up) {
5450 tmp = *up;
5451 *up++ = *down;
eb160463 5452 *down-- = (char)tmp;
a0d0e21e 5453 }
3aa33fe5 5454 (void)SvPOK_only_UTF8(TARG);
79072805 5455 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5456 SP = MARK + 1;
5457 SETTARG;
79072805 5458 }
a0d0e21e 5459 RETURN;
79072805
LW
5460}
5461
a0d0e21e 5462PP(pp_split)
79072805 5463{
27da23d5 5464 dVAR; dSP; dTARG;
a0d0e21e 5465 AV *ary;
467f0320 5466 register IV limit = POPi; /* note, negative is forever */
1b6737cc 5467 SV * const sv = POPs;
a0d0e21e 5468 STRLEN len;
727b7506 5469 register const char *s = SvPV_const(sv, len);
1b6737cc 5470 const bool do_utf8 = DO_UTF8(sv);
727b7506 5471 const char *strend = s + len;
44a8e56a 5472 register PMOP *pm;
d9f97599 5473 register REGEXP *rx;
a0d0e21e 5474 register SV *dstr;
727b7506 5475 register const char *m;
a0d0e21e 5476 I32 iters = 0;
bb7a0f54 5477 const STRLEN slen = do_utf8 ? utf8_length((U8*)s, (U8*)strend) : (STRLEN)(strend - s);
792b2c16 5478 I32 maxiters = slen + 10;
c1a7495a 5479 I32 trailing_empty = 0;
727b7506 5480 const char *orig;
1b6737cc 5481 const I32 origlimit = limit;
a0d0e21e
LW
5482 I32 realarray = 0;
5483 I32 base;
f54cb97a 5484 const I32 gimme = GIMME_V;
941446f6 5485 bool gimme_scalar;
f54cb97a 5486 const I32 oldsave = PL_savestack_ix;
437d3b4e 5487 U32 make_mortal = SVs_TEMP;
7fba1cd6 5488 bool multiline = 0;
b37c2d43 5489 MAGIC *mg = NULL;
79072805 5490
44a8e56a 5491#ifdef DEBUGGING
5492 Copy(&LvTARGOFF(POPs), &pm, 1, PMOP*);
5493#else
5494 pm = (PMOP*)POPs;
5495#endif
a0d0e21e 5496 if (!pm || !s)
2269b42e 5497 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: pp_split");
aaa362c4 5498 rx = PM_GETRE(pm);
bbce6d69 5499
07bc277f
NC
5500 TAINT_IF((RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_LOCALE) &&
5501 (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & (RXf_WHITE | RXf_SKIPWHITE)));
bbce6d69 5502
a30b2f1f 5503 RX_MATCH_UTF8_set(rx, do_utf8);
d9f424b2 5504
971a9dd3 5505#ifdef USE_ITHREADS
20e98b0f 5506 if (pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
159b6efe 5507 ary = GvAVn(MUTABLE_GV(PAD_SVl(pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff)));
20e98b0f 5508 }
971a9dd3 5509#else
20e98b0f
NC
5510 if (pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv) {
5511 ary = GvAVn(pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv);
971a9dd3 5512 }
20e98b0f 5513#endif
79072805 5514 else
7d49f689 5515 ary = NULL;
a0d0e21e
LW
5516 if (ary && (gimme != G_ARRAY || (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE))) {
5517 realarray = 1;
8ec5e241 5518 PUTBACK;
a0d0e21e
LW
5519 av_extend(ary,0);
5520 av_clear(ary);
8ec5e241 5521 SPAGAIN;
ad64d0ec 5522 if ((mg = SvTIED_mg((const SV *)ary, PERL_MAGIC_tied))) {
8ec5e241 5523 PUSHMARK(SP);
ad64d0ec 5524 XPUSHs(SvTIED_obj(MUTABLE_SV(ary), mg));
8ec5e241
NIS
5525 }
5526 else {
1c0b011c 5527 if (!AvREAL(ary)) {
1b6737cc 5528 I32 i;
1c0b011c 5529 AvREAL_on(ary);
abff13bb 5530 AvREIFY_off(ary);
1c0b011c 5531 for (i = AvFILLp(ary); i >= 0; i--)
3280af22 5532 AvARRAY(ary)[i] = &PL_sv_undef; /* don't free mere refs */
1c0b011c
NIS
5533 }
5534 /* temporarily switch stacks */
8b7059b1 5535 SAVESWITCHSTACK(PL_curstack, ary);
8ec5e241 5536 make_mortal = 0;
1c0b011c 5537 }
79072805 5538 }
3280af22 5539 base = SP - PL_stack_base;
a0d0e21e 5540 orig = s;
07bc277f 5541 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_SKIPWHITE) {
613f191e
TS
5542 if (do_utf8) {
5543 while (*s == ' ' || is_utf8_space((U8*)s))
5544 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
5545 }
07bc277f 5546 else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_LOCALE) {
bbce6d69 5547 while (isSPACE_LC(*s))
5548 s++;
5549 }
5550 else {
5551 while (isSPACE(*s))
5552 s++;
5553 }
a0d0e21e 5554 }
07bc277f 5555 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & PMf_MULTILINE) {
7fba1cd6 5556 multiline = 1;
c07a80fd 5557 }
5558
941446f6
FC
5559 gimme_scalar = gimme == G_SCALAR && !ary;
5560
a0d0e21e
LW
5561 if (!limit)
5562 limit = maxiters + 2;
07bc277f 5563 if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_WHITE) {
a0d0e21e 5564 while (--limit) {
bbce6d69 5565 m = s;
8727f688
YO
5566 /* this one uses 'm' and is a negative test */
5567 if (do_utf8) {
613f191e
TS
5568 while (m < strend && !( *m == ' ' || is_utf8_space((U8*)m) )) {
5569 const int t = UTF8SKIP(m);
5570 /* is_utf8_space returns FALSE for malform utf8 */
5571 if (strend - m < t)
5572 m = strend;
5573 else
5574 m += t;
5575 }
07bc277f 5576 } else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_LOCALE) {
8727f688
YO
5577 while (m < strend && !isSPACE_LC(*m))
5578 ++m;
5579 } else {
5580 while (m < strend && !isSPACE(*m))
5581 ++m;
5582 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5583 if (m >= strend)
5584 break;
bbce6d69 5585
c1a7495a
BB
5586 if (gimme_scalar) {
5587 iters++;
5588 if (m-s == 0)
5589 trailing_empty++;
5590 else
5591 trailing_empty = 0;
5592 } else {
5593 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, m-s,
5594 (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0) | make_mortal);
5595 XPUSHs(dstr);
5596 }
bbce6d69 5597
613f191e
TS
5598 /* skip the whitespace found last */
5599 if (do_utf8)
5600 s = m + UTF8SKIP(m);
5601 else
5602 s = m + 1;
5603
8727f688
YO
5604 /* this one uses 's' and is a positive test */
5605 if (do_utf8) {
613f191e 5606 while (s < strend && ( *s == ' ' || is_utf8_space((U8*)s) ))
8727f688 5607 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
07bc277f 5608 } else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_PMf_LOCALE) {
8727f688
YO
5609 while (s < strend && isSPACE_LC(*s))
5610 ++s;
5611 } else {
5612 while (s < strend && isSPACE(*s))
5613 ++s;
5614 }
79072805
LW
5615 }
5616 }
07bc277f 5617 else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_START_ONLY) {
a0d0e21e 5618 while (--limit) {
a6e20a40
AL
5619 for (m = s; m < strend && *m != '\n'; m++)
5620 ;
a0d0e21e
LW
5621 m++;
5622 if (m >= strend)
5623 break;
c1a7495a
BB
5624
5625 if (gimme_scalar) {
5626 iters++;
5627 if (m-s == 0)
5628 trailing_empty++;
5629 else
5630 trailing_empty = 0;
5631 } else {
5632 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, m-s,
5633 (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0) | make_mortal);
5634 XPUSHs(dstr);
5635 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5636 s = m;
5637 }
5638 }
07bc277f 5639 else if (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_NULL && !(s >= strend)) {
640f820d
AB
5640 /*
5641 Pre-extend the stack, either the number of bytes or
5642 characters in the string or a limited amount, triggered by:
5643
5644 my ($x, $y) = split //, $str;
5645 or
5646 split //, $str, $i;
5647 */
c1a7495a
BB
5648 if (!gimme_scalar) {
5649 const U32 items = limit - 1;
5650 if (items < slen)
5651 EXTEND(SP, items);
5652 else
5653 EXTEND(SP, slen);
5654 }
640f820d 5655
e9515b0f
AB
5656 if (do_utf8) {
5657 while (--limit) {
5658 /* keep track of how many bytes we skip over */
5659 m = s;
640f820d 5660 s += UTF8SKIP(s);
c1a7495a
BB
5661 if (gimme_scalar) {
5662 iters++;
5663 if (s-m == 0)
5664 trailing_empty++;
5665 else
5666 trailing_empty = 0;
5667 } else {
5668 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(m, s-m, SVf_UTF8 | make_mortal);
640f820d 5669
c1a7495a
BB
5670 PUSHs(dstr);
5671 }
640f820d 5672
e9515b0f
AB
5673 if (s >= strend)
5674 break;
5675 }
5676 } else {
5677 while (--limit) {
c1a7495a
BB
5678 if (gimme_scalar) {
5679 iters++;
5680 } else {
5681 dstr = newSVpvn(s, 1);
e9515b0f 5682
e9515b0f 5683
c1a7495a
BB
5684 if (make_mortal)
5685 sv_2mortal(dstr);
640f820d 5686
c1a7495a
BB
5687 PUSHs(dstr);
5688 }
5689
5690 s++;
e9515b0f
AB
5691
5692 if (s >= strend)
5693 break;
5694 }
640f820d
AB
5695 }
5696 }
3c8556c3 5697 else if (do_utf8 == (RX_UTF8(rx) != 0) &&
07bc277f
NC
5698 (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_USE_INTUIT) && !RX_NPARENS(rx)
5699 && (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_CHECK_ALL)
5700 && !(RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_ANCH)) {
5701 const int tail = (RX_EXTFLAGS(rx) & RXf_INTUIT_TAIL);
f9f4320a 5702 SV * const csv = CALLREG_INTUIT_STRING(rx);
cf93c79d 5703
07bc277f 5704 len = RX_MINLENRET(rx);
3c8556c3 5705 if (len == 1 && !RX_UTF8(rx) && !tail) {
1b6737cc 5706 const char c = *SvPV_nolen_const(csv);
a0d0e21e 5707 while (--limit) {
a6e20a40
AL
5708 for (m = s; m < strend && *m != c; m++)
5709 ;
a0d0e21e
LW
5710 if (m >= strend)
5711 break;
c1a7495a
BB
5712 if (gimme_scalar) {
5713 iters++;
5714 if (m-s == 0)
5715 trailing_empty++;
5716 else
5717 trailing_empty = 0;
5718 } else {
5719 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, m-s,
5720 (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0) | make_mortal);
5721 XPUSHs(dstr);
5722 }
93f04dac
JH
5723 /* The rx->minlen is in characters but we want to step
5724 * s ahead by bytes. */
1aa99e6b
IH
5725 if (do_utf8)
5726 s = (char*)utf8_hop((U8*)m, len);
5727 else
5728 s = m + len; /* Fake \n at the end */
a0d0e21e
LW
5729 }
5730 }
5731 else {
a0d0e21e 5732 while (s < strend && --limit &&
f722798b 5733 (m = fbm_instr((unsigned char*)s, (unsigned char*)strend,
7fba1cd6 5734 csv, multiline ? FBMrf_MULTILINE : 0)) )
a0d0e21e 5735 {
c1a7495a
BB
5736 if (gimme_scalar) {
5737 iters++;
5738 if (m-s == 0)
5739 trailing_empty++;
5740 else
5741 trailing_empty = 0;
5742 } else {
5743 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, m-s,
5744 (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0) | make_mortal);
5745 XPUSHs(dstr);
5746 }
93f04dac
JH
5747 /* The rx->minlen is in characters but we want to step
5748 * s ahead by bytes. */
1aa99e6b
IH
5749 if (do_utf8)
5750 s = (char*)utf8_hop((U8*)m, len);
5751 else
5752 s = m + len; /* Fake \n at the end */
a0d0e21e 5753 }
463ee0b2 5754 }
463ee0b2 5755 }
a0d0e21e 5756 else {
07bc277f 5757 maxiters += slen * RX_NPARENS(rx);
080c2dec 5758 while (s < strend && --limit)
bbce6d69 5759 {
1b6737cc 5760 I32 rex_return;
080c2dec 5761 PUTBACK;
f9f4320a 5762 rex_return = CALLREGEXEC(rx, (char*)s, (char*)strend, (char*)orig, 1 ,
727b7506 5763 sv, NULL, 0);
080c2dec 5764 SPAGAIN;
1b6737cc 5765 if (rex_return == 0)
080c2dec 5766 break;
d9f97599 5767 TAINT_IF(RX_MATCH_TAINTED(rx));
07bc277f 5768 if (RX_MATCH_COPIED(rx) && RX_SUBBEG(rx) != orig) {
a0d0e21e
LW
5769 m = s;
5770 s = orig;
07bc277f 5771 orig = RX_SUBBEG(rx);
a0d0e21e
LW
5772 s = orig + (m - s);
5773 strend = s + (strend - m);
5774 }
07bc277f 5775 m = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].start + orig;
c1a7495a
BB
5776
5777 if (gimme_scalar) {
5778 iters++;
5779 if (m-s == 0)
5780 trailing_empty++;
5781 else
5782 trailing_empty = 0;
5783 } else {
5784 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, m-s,
5785 (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0) | make_mortal);
5786 XPUSHs(dstr);
5787 }
07bc277f 5788 if (RX_NPARENS(rx)) {
1b6737cc 5789 I32 i;
07bc277f
NC
5790 for (i = 1; i <= (I32)RX_NPARENS(rx); i++) {
5791 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[i].start + orig;
5792 m = RX_OFFS(rx)[i].end + orig;
6de67870
JP
5793
5794 /* japhy (07/27/01) -- the (m && s) test doesn't catch
5795 parens that didn't match -- they should be set to
5796 undef, not the empty string */
c1a7495a
BB
5797 if (gimme_scalar) {
5798 iters++;
5799 if (m-s == 0)
5800 trailing_empty++;
5801 else
5802 trailing_empty = 0;
5803 } else {
5804 if (m >= orig && s >= orig) {
5805 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, m-s,
5806 (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0)
5807 | make_mortal);
5808 }
5809 else
5810 dstr = &PL_sv_undef; /* undef, not "" */
5811 XPUSHs(dstr);
748a9306 5812 }
c1a7495a 5813
a0d0e21e
LW
5814 }
5815 }
07bc277f 5816 s = RX_OFFS(rx)[0].end + orig;
a0d0e21e 5817 }
79072805 5818 }
8ec5e241 5819
c1a7495a
BB
5820 if (!gimme_scalar) {
5821 iters = (SP - PL_stack_base) - base;
5822 }
a0d0e21e 5823 if (iters > maxiters)
cea2e8a9 5824 DIE(aTHX_ "Split loop");
8ec5e241 5825
a0d0e21e
LW
5826 /* keep field after final delim? */
5827 if (s < strend || (iters && origlimit)) {
c1a7495a
BB
5828 if (!gimme_scalar) {
5829 const STRLEN l = strend - s;
5830 dstr = newSVpvn_flags(s, l, (do_utf8 ? SVf_UTF8 : 0) | make_mortal);
5831 XPUSHs(dstr);
5832 }
a0d0e21e 5833 iters++;
79072805 5834 }
a0d0e21e 5835 else if (!origlimit) {
c1a7495a
BB
5836 if (gimme_scalar) {
5837 iters -= trailing_empty;
5838 } else {
5839 while (iters > 0 && (!TOPs || !SvANY(TOPs) || SvCUR(TOPs) == 0)) {
5840 if (TOPs && !make_mortal)
5841 sv_2mortal(TOPs);
5842 *SP-- = &PL_sv_undef;
5843 iters--;
5844 }
89900bd3 5845 }
a0d0e21e 5846 }
8ec5e241 5847
8b7059b1
DM
5848 PUTBACK;
5849 LEAVE_SCOPE(oldsave); /* may undo an earlier SWITCHSTACK */
5850 SPAGAIN;
a0d0e21e 5851 if (realarray) {
8ec5e241 5852 if (!mg) {
1c0b011c
NIS
5853 if (SvSMAGICAL(ary)) {
5854 PUTBACK;
ad64d0ec 5855 mg_set(MUTABLE_SV(ary));
1c0b011c
NIS
5856 SPAGAIN;
5857 }
5858 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
5859 EXTEND(SP, iters);
5860 Copy(AvARRAY(ary), SP + 1, iters, SV*);
5861 SP += iters;
5862 RETURN;
5863 }
8ec5e241 5864 }
1c0b011c 5865 else {
fb73857a 5866 PUTBACK;
d343c3ef 5867 ENTER_with_name("call_PUSH");
864dbfa3 5868 call_method("PUSH",G_SCALAR|G_DISCARD);
d343c3ef 5869 LEAVE_with_name("call_PUSH");
fb73857a 5870 SPAGAIN;
8ec5e241 5871 if (gimme == G_ARRAY) {
1b6737cc 5872 I32 i;
8ec5e241
NIS
5873 /* EXTEND should not be needed - we just popped them */
5874 EXTEND(SP, iters);
5875 for (i=0; i < iters; i++) {
5876 SV **svp = av_fetch(ary, i, FALSE);
3280af22 5877 PUSHs((svp) ? *svp : &PL_sv_undef);
8ec5e241 5878 }
1c0b011c
NIS
5879 RETURN;
5880 }
a0d0e21e
LW
5881 }
5882 }
5883 else {
5884 if (gimme == G_ARRAY)
5885 RETURN;
5886 }
7f18b612
YST
5887
5888 GETTARGET;
5889 PUSHi(iters);
5890 RETURN;
79072805 5891}
85e6fe83 5892
c5917253
NC
5893PP(pp_once)
5894{
5895 dSP;
5896 SV *const sv = PAD_SVl(PL_op->op_targ);
5897
5898 if (SvPADSTALE(sv)) {
5899 /* First time. */
5900 SvPADSTALE_off(sv);
5901 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_other);
5902 }
5903 RETURNOP(cLOGOP->op_next);
5904}
5905
c0329465
MB
5906PP(pp_lock)
5907{
97aff369 5908 dVAR;
39644a26 5909 dSP;
c0329465 5910 dTOPss;
e55aaa0e 5911 SV *retsv = sv;
076a2a80 5912 assert(SvTYPE(retsv) != SVt_PVCV);
68795e93 5913 SvLOCK(sv);
076a2a80 5914 if (SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVAV || SvTYPE(retsv) == SVt_PVHV) {
e55aaa0e
MB
5915 retsv = refto(retsv);
5916 }
5917 SETs(retsv);
c0329465
MB
5918 RETURN;
5919}
a863c7d1 5920
65bca31a
NC
5921
5922PP(unimplemented_op)
5923{
97aff369 5924 dVAR;
65bca31a
NC
5925 DIE(aTHX_ "panic: unimplemented op %s (#%d) called", OP_NAME(PL_op),
5926 PL_op->op_type);
bb4c52e0 5927 return NORMAL;
65bca31a
NC
5928}
5929
867fa1e2
YO
5930PP(pp_boolkeys)
5931{
5932 dVAR;
5933 dSP;
5934 HV * const hv = (HV*)POPs;
5935
5936 if (SvRMAGICAL(hv)) {
5937 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((SV*)hv, PERL_MAGIC_tied);
5938 if (mg) {
5939 XPUSHs(magic_scalarpack(hv, mg));
5940 RETURN;
5941 }
5942 }
5943
5944 XPUSHs(boolSV(HvKEYS(hv) != 0));
5945 RETURN;
5946}
5947
e609e586
NC
5948/*
5949 * Local variables:
5950 * c-indentation-style: bsd
5951 * c-basic-offset: 4
5952 * indent-tabs-mode: t
5953 * End:
5954 *
37442d52
RGS
5955 * ex: set ts=8 sts=4 sw=4 noet:
5956 */