3 * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000,
4 * 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
6 * You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
7 * License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
12 * 'You see: Mr. Drogo, he married poor Miss Primula Brandybuck. She was
13 * our Mr. Bilbo's first cousin on the mother's side (her mother being the
14 * youngest of the Old Took's daughters); and Mr. Drogo was his second
15 * cousin. So Mr. Frodo is his first *and* second cousin, once removed
16 * either way, as the saying is, if you follow me.' --the Gaffer
18 * [p.23 of _The Lord of the Rings_, I/i: "A Long-Expected Party"]
21 /* This file contains the functions that create, manipulate and optimize
22 * the OP structures that hold a compiled perl program.
24 * A Perl program is compiled into a tree of OPs. Each op contains
25 * structural pointers (eg to its siblings and the next op in the
26 * execution sequence), a pointer to the function that would execute the
27 * op, plus any data specific to that op. For example, an OP_CONST op
28 * points to the pp_const() function and to an SV containing the constant
29 * value. When pp_const() is executed, its job is to push that SV onto the
32 * OPs are mainly created by the newFOO() functions, which are mainly
33 * called from the parser (in perly.y) as the code is parsed. For example
34 * the Perl code $a + $b * $c would cause the equivalent of the following
35 * to be called (oversimplifying a bit):
37 * newBINOP(OP_ADD, flags,
39 * newBINOP(OP_MULTIPLY, flags, newSVREF($b), newSVREF($c))
42 * Note that during the build of miniperl, a temporary copy of this file
43 * is made, called opmini.c.
47 Perl's compiler is essentially a 3-pass compiler with interleaved phases:
51 An execution-order pass
53 The bottom-up pass is represented by all the "newOP" routines and
54 the ck_ routines. The bottom-upness is actually driven by yacc.
55 So at the point that a ck_ routine fires, we have no idea what the
56 context is, either upward in the syntax tree, or either forward or
57 backward in the execution order. (The bottom-up parser builds that
58 part of the execution order it knows about, but if you follow the "next"
59 links around, you'll find it's actually a closed loop through the
62 Whenever the bottom-up parser gets to a node that supplies context to
63 its components, it invokes that portion of the top-down pass that applies
64 to that part of the subtree (and marks the top node as processed, so
65 if a node further up supplies context, it doesn't have to take the
66 plunge again). As a particular subcase of this, as the new node is
67 built, it takes all the closed execution loops of its subcomponents
68 and links them into a new closed loop for the higher level node. But
69 it's still not the real execution order.
71 The actual execution order is not known till we get a grammar reduction
72 to a top-level unit like a subroutine or file that will be called by
73 "name" rather than via a "next" pointer. At that point, we can call
74 into peep() to do that code's portion of the 3rd pass. It has to be
75 recursive, but it's recursive on basic blocks, not on tree nodes.
78 /* To implement user lexical pragmas, there needs to be a way at run time to
79 get the compile time state of %^H for that block. Storing %^H in every
80 block (or even COP) would be very expensive, so a different approach is
81 taken. The (running) state of %^H is serialised into a tree of HE-like
82 structs. Stores into %^H are chained onto the current leaf as a struct
83 refcounted_he * with the key and the value. Deletes from %^H are saved
84 with a value of PL_sv_placeholder. The state of %^H at any point can be
85 turned back into a regular HV by walking back up the tree from that point's
86 leaf, ignoring any key you've already seen (placeholder or not), storing
87 the rest into the HV structure, then removing the placeholders. Hence
88 memory is only used to store the %^H deltas from the enclosing COP, rather
89 than the entire %^H on each COP.
91 To cause actions on %^H to write out the serialisation records, it has
92 magic type 'H'. This magic (itself) does nothing, but its presence causes
93 the values to gain magic type 'h', which has entries for set and clear.
94 C<Perl_magic_sethint> updates C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> with a store
95 record, with deletes written by C<Perl_magic_clearhint>. C<SAVEHINTS>
96 saves the current C<PL_compiling.cop_hints_hash> on the save stack, so that
97 it will be correctly restored when any inner compiling scope is exited.
103 #include "keywords.h"
105 #define CALL_PEEP(o) CALL_FPTR(PL_peepp)(aTHX_ o)
106 #define CALL_OPFREEHOOK(o) if (PL_opfreehook) CALL_FPTR(PL_opfreehook)(aTHX_ o)
108 #if defined(PL_OP_SLAB_ALLOC)
110 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
111 # define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 4096
112 # include <sys/mman.h>
115 #ifndef PERL_SLAB_SIZE
116 #define PERL_SLAB_SIZE 2048
120 Perl_Slab_Alloc(pTHX_ size_t sz)
124 * To make incrementing use count easy PL_OpSlab is an I32 *
125 * To make inserting the link to slab PL_OpPtr is I32 **
126 * So compute size in units of sizeof(I32 *) as that is how Pl_OpPtr increments
127 * Add an overhead for pointer to slab and round up as a number of pointers
129 sz = (sz + 2*sizeof(I32 *) -1)/sizeof(I32 *);
130 if ((PL_OpSpace -= sz) < 0) {
131 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
132 /* We need to allocate chunk by chunk so that we can control the VM
134 PL_OpPtr = (I32**) mmap(0, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE,
135 MAP_ANON|MAP_PRIVATE, -1, 0);
137 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "mapped %lu at %p\n",
138 (unsigned long) PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*),
140 if(PL_OpPtr == MAP_FAILED) {
141 perror("mmap failed");
146 PL_OpPtr = (I32 **) PerlMemShared_calloc(PERL_SLAB_SIZE,sizeof(I32*));
151 /* We reserve the 0'th I32 sized chunk as a use count */
152 PL_OpSlab = (I32 *) PL_OpPtr;
153 /* Reduce size by the use count word, and by the size we need.
154 * Latter is to mimic the '-=' in the if() above
156 PL_OpSpace = PERL_SLAB_SIZE - (sizeof(I32)+sizeof(I32 **)-1)/sizeof(I32 **) - sz;
157 /* Allocation pointer starts at the top.
158 Theory: because we build leaves before trunk allocating at end
159 means that at run time access is cache friendly upward
161 PL_OpPtr += PERL_SLAB_SIZE;
163 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
164 /* We remember this slab. */
165 /* This implementation isn't efficient, but it is simple. */
166 PL_slabs = (I32**) realloc(PL_slabs, sizeof(I32**) * (PL_slab_count + 1));
167 PL_slabs[PL_slab_count++] = PL_OpSlab;
168 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "Allocate %p\n", PL_OpSlab));
171 assert( PL_OpSpace >= 0 );
172 /* Move the allocation pointer down */
174 assert( PL_OpPtr > (I32 **) PL_OpSlab );
175 *PL_OpPtr = PL_OpSlab; /* Note which slab it belongs to */
176 (*PL_OpSlab)++; /* Increment use count of slab */
177 assert( PL_OpPtr+sz <= ((I32 **) PL_OpSlab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
178 assert( *PL_OpSlab > 0 );
179 return (void *)(PL_OpPtr + 1);
182 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
184 Perl_pending_Slabs_to_ro(pTHX) {
185 /* Turn all the allocated op slabs read only. */
186 U32 count = PL_slab_count;
187 I32 **const slabs = PL_slabs;
189 /* Reset the array of pending OP slabs, as we're about to turn this lot
190 read only. Also, do it ahead of the loop in case the warn triggers,
191 and a warn handler has an eval */
196 /* Force a new slab for any further allocation. */
200 void *const start = slabs[count];
201 const size_t size = PERL_SLAB_SIZE* sizeof(I32*);
202 if(mprotect(start, size, PROT_READ)) {
203 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "mprotect for %p %lu failed with %d",
204 start, (unsigned long) size, errno);
212 S_Slab_to_rw(pTHX_ void *op)
214 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
215 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
217 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SLAB_TO_RW;
219 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
220 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
222 if(mprotect(slab, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), PROT_READ|PROT_WRITE)) {
223 Perl_warn(aTHX_ "mprotect RW for %p %lu failed with %d",
224 slab, (unsigned long) PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*), errno);
229 Perl_op_refcnt_inc(pTHX_ OP *o)
240 Perl_op_refcnt_dec(pTHX_ OP *o)
242 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_REFCNT_DEC;
247 # define Slab_to_rw(op)
251 Perl_Slab_Free(pTHX_ void *op)
253 I32 * const * const ptr = (I32 **) op;
254 I32 * const slab = ptr[-1];
255 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SLAB_FREE;
256 assert( ptr-1 > (I32 **) slab );
257 assert( ptr < ( (I32 **) slab + PERL_SLAB_SIZE) );
260 if (--(*slab) == 0) {
262 # define PerlMemShared PerlMem
265 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
266 U32 count = PL_slab_count;
267 /* Need to remove this slab from our list of slabs */
270 if (PL_slabs[count] == slab) {
272 /* Found it. Move the entry at the end to overwrite it. */
273 DEBUG_m(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
274 "Deallocate %p by moving %p from %lu to %lu\n",
276 PL_slabs[PL_slab_count - 1],
277 PL_slab_count, count));
278 PL_slabs[count] = PL_slabs[--PL_slab_count];
279 /* Could realloc smaller at this point, but probably not
281 if(munmap(slab, PERL_SLAB_SIZE*sizeof(I32*))) {
282 perror("munmap failed");
290 PerlMemShared_free(slab);
292 if (slab == PL_OpSlab) {
299 * In the following definition, the ", (OP*)0" is just to make the compiler
300 * think the expression is of the right type: croak actually does a Siglongjmp.
302 #define CHECKOP(type,o) \
303 ((PL_op_mask && PL_op_mask[type]) \
304 ? ( op_free((OP*)o), \
305 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "'%s' trapped by operation mask", PL_op_desc[type]), \
307 : CALL_FPTR(PL_check[type])(aTHX_ (OP*)o))
309 #define RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER (PERL_INT_MAX / 2)
312 S_gv_ename(pTHX_ GV *gv)
314 SV* const tmpsv = sv_newmortal();
316 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GV_ENAME;
318 gv_efullname3(tmpsv, gv, NULL);
319 return SvPV_nolen_const(tmpsv);
323 S_no_fh_allowed(pTHX_ OP *o)
325 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NO_FH_ALLOWED;
327 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Missing comma after first argument to %s function",
333 S_too_few_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
335 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOO_FEW_ARGUMENTS;
337 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Not enough arguments for %s", name));
342 S_too_many_arguments(pTHX_ OP *o, const char *name)
344 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOO_MANY_ARGUMENTS;
346 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Too many arguments for %s", name));
351 S_bad_type(pTHX_ I32 n, const char *t, const char *name, const OP *kid)
353 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BAD_TYPE;
355 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Type of arg %d to %s must be %s (not %s)",
356 (int)n, name, t, OP_DESC(kid)));
360 S_no_bareword_allowed(pTHX_ const OP *o)
362 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NO_BAREWORD_ALLOWED;
365 return; /* various ok barewords are hidden in extra OP_NULL */
366 qerror(Perl_mess(aTHX_
367 "Bareword \"%"SVf"\" not allowed while \"strict subs\" in use",
371 /* "register" allocation */
374 Perl_allocmy(pTHX_ const char *const name)
378 const bool is_our = (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our);
380 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_ALLOCMY;
382 /* complain about "my $<special_var>" etc etc */
386 (USE_UTF8_IN_NAMES && UTF8_IS_START(name[1])) ||
387 (name[1] == '_' && (*name == '$' || name[2]))))
389 /* name[2] is true if strlen(name) > 2 */
390 if (!isPRINT(name[1]) || strchr("\t\n\r\f", name[1])) {
391 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %c^%c%s in \"%s\"",
392 name[0], toCTRL(name[1]), name + 2,
393 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
395 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't use global %s in \"%s\"",name,
396 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
400 /* check for duplicate declaration */
401 pad_check_dup(name, is_our, (PL_curstash ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash));
403 /* allocate a spare slot and store the name in that slot */
405 off = pad_add_name(name,
406 PL_parser->in_my_stash,
408 /* $_ is always in main::, even with our */
409 ? (PL_curstash && !strEQ(name,"$_") ? PL_curstash : PL_defstash)
413 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state
415 /* anon sub prototypes contains state vars should always be cloned,
416 * otherwise the state var would be shared between anon subs */
418 if (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state && CvANON(PL_compcv))
419 CvCLONE_on(PL_compcv);
424 /* free the body of an op without examining its contents.
425 * Always use this rather than FreeOp directly */
428 S_op_destroy(pTHX_ OP *o)
430 if (o->op_latefree) {
438 # define forget_pmop(a,b) S_forget_pmop(aTHX_ a,b)
440 # define forget_pmop(a,b) S_forget_pmop(aTHX_ a)
446 Perl_op_free(pTHX_ OP *o)
453 if (o->op_latefreed) {
460 if (o->op_private & OPpREFCOUNTED) {
471 refcnt = OpREFCNT_dec(o);
474 /* Need to find and remove any pattern match ops from the list
475 we maintain for reset(). */
476 find_and_forget_pmops(o);
486 /* Call the op_free hook if it has been set. Do it now so that it's called
487 * at the right time for refcounted ops, but still before all of the kids
491 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
492 register OP *kid, *nextkid;
493 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = nextkid) {
494 nextkid = kid->op_sibling; /* Get before next freeing kid */
499 #ifdef PERL_DEBUG_READONLY_OPS
503 /* COP* is not cleared by op_clear() so that we may track line
504 * numbers etc even after null() */
505 if (type == OP_NEXTSTATE || type == OP_DBSTATE
506 || (type == OP_NULL /* the COP might have been null'ed */
507 && ((OPCODE)o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
508 || (OPCODE)o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE))) {
513 type = (OPCODE)o->op_targ;
516 if (o->op_latefree) {
522 #ifdef DEBUG_LEAKING_SCALARS
529 Perl_op_clear(pTHX_ OP *o)
534 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_CLEAR;
537 /* if (o->op_madprop && o->op_madprop->mad_next)
539 /* FIXME for MAD - if I uncomment these two lines t/op/pack.t fails with
540 "modification of a read only value" for a reason I can't fathom why.
541 It's the "" stringification of $_, where $_ was set to '' in a foreach
542 loop, but it defies simplification into a small test case.
543 However, commenting them out has caused ext/List/Util/t/weak.t to fail
546 mad_free(o->op_madprop);
552 switch (o->op_type) {
553 case OP_NULL: /* Was holding old type, if any. */
554 if (PL_madskills && o->op_targ != OP_NULL) {
555 o->op_type = (Optype)o->op_targ;
559 case OP_ENTEREVAL: /* Was holding hints. */
563 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_REF)
564 || (PL_check[o->op_type] != MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst)))
570 if (! (o->op_type == OP_AELEMFAST && o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)) {
571 /* not an OP_PADAV replacement */
573 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
574 /* No GvIN_PAD_off(cGVOPo_gv) here, because other references
575 * may still exist on the pad */
576 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
577 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
580 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
581 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
585 case OP_METHOD_NAMED:
588 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
589 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
592 Even if op_clear does a pad_free for the target of the op,
593 pad_free doesn't actually remove the sv that exists in the pad;
594 instead it lives on. This results in that it could be reused as
595 a target later on when the pad was reallocated.
598 pad_swipe(o->op_targ,1);
607 if (o->op_flags & (OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_STACKED|OPf_KIDS))
611 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
613 if (cPADOPo->op_padix > 0) {
614 pad_swipe(cPADOPo->op_padix, TRUE);
615 cPADOPo->op_padix = 0;
618 SvREFCNT_dec(cSVOPo->op_sv);
619 cSVOPo->op_sv = NULL;
623 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
624 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
628 op_free(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot);
632 if (cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
633 /* No GvIN_PAD_off here, because other references may still
634 * exist on the pad */
635 pad_swipe(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff, TRUE);
638 SvREFCNT_dec(MUTABLE_SV(cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv));
644 forget_pmop(cPMOPo, 1);
645 cPMOPo->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot = NULL;
646 /* we use the same protection as the "SAFE" version of the PM_ macros
647 * here since sv_clean_all might release some PMOPs
648 * after PL_regex_padav has been cleared
649 * and the clearing of PL_regex_padav needs to
650 * happen before sv_clean_all
653 if(PL_regex_pad) { /* We could be in destruction */
654 const IV offset = (cPMOPo)->op_pmoffset;
655 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(cPMOPo));
656 PL_regex_pad[offset] = &PL_sv_undef;
657 sv_catpvn_nomg(PL_regex_pad[0], (const char *)&offset,
661 ReREFCNT_dec(PM_GETRE(cPMOPo));
662 PM_SETRE(cPMOPo, NULL);
668 if (o->op_targ > 0) {
669 pad_free(o->op_targ);
675 S_cop_free(pTHX_ COP* cop)
677 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_COP_FREE;
681 if (! specialWARN(cop->cop_warnings))
682 PerlMemShared_free(cop->cop_warnings);
683 Perl_refcounted_he_free(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash);
687 S_forget_pmop(pTHX_ PMOP *const o
693 HV * const pmstash = PmopSTASH(o);
695 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FORGET_PMOP;
697 if (pmstash && !SvIS_FREED(pmstash)) {
698 MAGIC * const mg = mg_find((const SV *)pmstash, PERL_MAGIC_symtab);
700 PMOP **const array = (PMOP**) mg->mg_ptr;
701 U32 count = mg->mg_len / sizeof(PMOP**);
706 /* Found it. Move the entry at the end to overwrite it. */
707 array[i] = array[--count];
708 mg->mg_len = count * sizeof(PMOP**);
709 /* Could realloc smaller at this point always, but probably
710 not worth it. Probably worth free()ing if we're the
713 Safefree(mg->mg_ptr);
730 S_find_and_forget_pmops(pTHX_ OP *o)
732 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FIND_AND_FORGET_PMOPS;
734 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
735 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
737 switch (kid->op_type) {
742 forget_pmop((PMOP*)kid, 0);
744 find_and_forget_pmops(kid);
745 kid = kid->op_sibling;
751 Perl_op_null(pTHX_ OP *o)
755 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_OP_NULL;
757 if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
761 o->op_targ = o->op_type;
762 o->op_type = OP_NULL;
763 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_NULL];
767 Perl_op_refcnt_lock(pTHX)
775 Perl_op_refcnt_unlock(pTHX)
782 /* Contextualizers */
784 #define LINKLIST(o) ((o)->op_next ? (o)->op_next : linklist((OP*)o))
787 S_linklist(pTHX_ OP *o)
791 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LINKLIST;
796 /* establish postfix order */
797 first = cUNOPo->op_first;
800 o->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
803 if (kid->op_sibling) {
804 kid->op_next = LINKLIST(kid->op_sibling);
805 kid = kid->op_sibling;
819 S_scalarkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
821 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
823 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
830 S_scalarboolean(pTHX_ OP *o)
834 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALARBOOLEAN;
836 if (o->op_type == OP_SASSIGN && cBINOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST) {
837 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
838 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
840 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline != NOLINE)
841 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
842 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX), "Found = in conditional, should be ==");
843 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
850 Perl_scalar(pTHX_ OP *o)
855 /* assumes no premature commitment */
856 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
857 || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
858 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
863 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_SCALAR;
865 switch (o->op_type) {
867 scalar(cBINOPo->op_first);
872 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
882 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
883 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
889 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
891 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
897 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
902 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
908 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
911 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
912 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of sort in scalar context");
919 Perl_scalarvoid(pTHX_ OP *o)
923 const char* useless = NULL;
927 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALARVOID;
929 /* trailing mad null ops don't count as "there" for void processing */
931 o->op_type != OP_NULL &&
933 o->op_sibling->op_type == OP_NULL)
936 for (sib = o->op_sibling;
937 sib && sib->op_type == OP_NULL;
938 sib = sib->op_sibling) ;
944 if (o->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE
945 || o->op_type == OP_DBSTATE
946 || (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_targ == OP_NEXTSTATE
947 || o->op_targ == OP_DBSTATE)))
948 PL_curcop = (COP*)o; /* for warning below */
950 /* assumes no premature commitment */
951 want = o->op_flags & OPf_WANT;
952 if ((want && want != OPf_WANT_SCALAR)
953 || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
954 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
959 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
960 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
962 return scalar(o); /* As if inside SASSIGN */
965 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_VOID;
967 switch (o->op_type) {
969 if (!(PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
973 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
977 if (o->op_private == 4)
1020 case OP_GETSOCKNAME:
1021 case OP_GETPEERNAME:
1026 case OP_GETPRIORITY:
1050 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)))
1051 /* Otherwise it's "Useless use of grep iterator" */
1052 useless = OP_DESC(o);
1056 kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1057 if (kid->op_type != OP_MATCH && kid->op_type != OP_SUBST &&
1058 kid->op_type != OP_TRANS) {
1061 useless = "negative pattern binding (!~)";
1068 if (!(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO|OPpOUR_INTRO)) &&
1069 (!o->op_sibling || o->op_sibling->op_type != OP_READLINE))
1070 useless = "a variable";
1075 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
1076 no_bareword_allowed(o);
1078 if (ckWARN(WARN_VOID)) {
1080 SV* msv = sv_2mortal(Perl_newSVpvf(aTHX_
1081 "a constant (%"SVf")", sv));
1082 useless = SvPV_nolen(msv);
1085 useless = "a constant (undef)";
1086 if (o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE)
1088 /* don't warn on optimised away booleans, eg
1089 * use constant Foo, 5; Foo || print; */
1090 if (cSVOPo->op_private & OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT)
1092 /* the constants 0 and 1 are permitted as they are
1093 conventionally used as dummies in constructs like
1094 1 while some_condition_with_side_effects; */
1095 else if (SvNIOK(sv) && (SvNV(sv) == 0.0 || SvNV(sv) == 1.0))
1097 else if (SvPOK(sv)) {
1098 /* perl4's way of mixing documentation and code
1099 (before the invention of POD) was based on a
1100 trick to mix nroff and perl code. The trick was
1101 built upon these three nroff macros being used in
1102 void context. The pink camel has the details in
1103 the script wrapman near page 319. */
1104 const char * const maybe_macro = SvPVX_const(sv);
1105 if (strnEQ(maybe_macro, "di", 2) ||
1106 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ds", 2) ||
1107 strnEQ(maybe_macro, "ig", 2))
1112 op_null(o); /* don't execute or even remember it */
1116 o->op_type = OP_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
1117 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREINC];
1121 o->op_type = OP_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
1122 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_PREDEC];
1126 o->op_type = OP_I_PREINC; /* pre-increment is faster */
1127 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREINC];
1131 o->op_type = OP_I_PREDEC; /* pre-decrement is faster */
1132 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_I_PREDEC];
1137 kid = cLOGOPo->op_first;
1138 if (kid->op_type == OP_NOT
1139 && (kid->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1141 if (o->op_type == OP_AND) {
1143 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_OR];
1145 o->op_type = OP_AND;
1146 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_AND];
1155 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1160 if (o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
1167 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1178 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1185 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1186 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1191 if (useless && ckWARN(WARN_VOID))
1192 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_VOID), "Useless use of %s in void context", useless);
1197 S_listkids(pTHX_ OP *o)
1199 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1201 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1208 Perl_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
1213 /* assumes no premature commitment */
1214 if (!o || (o->op_flags & OPf_WANT)
1215 || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
1216 || o->op_type == OP_RETURN)
1221 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1222 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1224 return o; /* As if inside SASSIGN */
1227 o->op_flags = (o->op_flags & ~OPf_WANT) | OPf_WANT_LIST;
1229 switch (o->op_type) {
1232 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1237 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1245 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1247 if (!o->op_next && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_FLOP) {
1248 list(cBINOPo->op_first);
1249 return gen_constant_list(o);
1256 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
1258 while ((kid = kid->op_sibling)) {
1259 if (kid->op_sibling)
1264 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1268 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1269 if (kid->op_sibling)
1274 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1277 /* all requires must return a boolean value */
1278 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
1285 S_scalarseq(pTHX_ OP *o)
1289 const OPCODE type = o->op_type;
1291 if (type == OP_LINESEQ || type == OP_SCOPE ||
1292 type == OP_LEAVE || type == OP_LEAVETRY)
1295 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling) {
1296 if (kid->op_sibling) {
1300 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
1302 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
1303 if (PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE)
1304 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
1307 o = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
1312 S_modkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1314 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1316 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1322 /* Propagate lvalue ("modifiable") context to an op and its children.
1323 * 'type' represents the context type, roughly based on the type of op that
1324 * would do the modifying, although local() is represented by OP_NULL.
1325 * It's responsible for detecting things that can't be modified, flag
1326 * things that need to behave specially in an lvalue context (e.g., "$$x = 5"
1327 * might have to vivify a reference in $x), and so on.
1329 * For example, "$a+1 = 2" would cause mod() to be called with o being
1330 * OP_ADD and type being OP_SASSIGN, and would output an error.
1334 Perl_mod(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1338 /* -1 = error on localize, 0 = ignore localize, 1 = ok to localize */
1341 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
1344 if ((o->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY)
1345 && (PL_opargs[o->op_type] & OA_TARGLEX))/* OPp share the meaning */
1350 switch (o->op_type) {
1356 if (!(o->op_private & OPpCONST_ARYBASE))
1359 if (PL_eval_start && PL_eval_start->op_type == OP_CONST) {
1360 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling,
1361 (I32)SvIV(cSVOPx(PL_eval_start)->op_sv));
1365 SAVECOPARYBASE(&PL_compiling);
1366 CopARYBASE_set(&PL_compiling, 0);
1368 else if (type == OP_REFGEN)
1371 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "That use of $[ is unsupported");
1374 if ((o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) || PL_madskills)
1378 if ((type == OP_UNDEF || type == OP_REFGEN) &&
1379 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1380 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1381 /* The default is to set op_private to the number of children,
1382 which for a UNOP such as RV2CV is always 1. And w're using
1383 the bit for a flag in RV2CV, so we need it clear. */
1384 o->op_private &= ~1;
1385 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1386 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1387 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first);/* disable pushmark */
1390 else if (o->op_private & OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD)
1392 else { /* lvalue subroutine call */
1393 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1394 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1395 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN) {
1396 /* Backward compatibility mode: */
1397 o->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_INARGS;
1400 else { /* Compile-time error message: */
1401 OP *kid = cUNOPo->op_first;
1405 if (kid->op_type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
1406 if (kid->op_type != OP_NULL || kid->op_targ != OP_LIST)
1408 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1409 "args: type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1410 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1411 kid = kLISTOP->op_first;
1413 while (kid->op_sibling)
1414 kid = kid->op_sibling;
1415 if (!(kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2CV)) {
1417 if (kid->op_type == OP_METHOD_NAMED
1418 || kid->op_type == OP_METHOD)
1422 NewOp(1101, newop, 1, UNOP);
1423 newop->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1424 newop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1425 newop->op_first = NULL;
1426 newop->op_next = (OP*)newop;
1427 kid->op_sibling = (OP*)newop;
1428 newop->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1429 newop->op_private &= ~1;
1433 if (kid->op_type != OP_RV2CV)
1435 "panic: unexpected lvalue entersub "
1436 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1437 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1438 kid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1439 break; /* Postpone until runtime */
1443 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1444 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL && kid->op_targ == OP_RV2SV)
1445 kid = kUNOP->op_first;
1446 if (kid->op_type == OP_NULL)
1448 "Unexpected constant lvalue entersub "
1449 "entry via type/targ %ld:%"UVuf,
1450 (long)kid->op_type, (UV)kid->op_targ);
1451 if (kid->op_type != OP_GV) {
1452 /* Restore RV2CV to check lvalueness */
1454 if (kid->op_next && kid->op_next != kid) { /* Happens? */
1455 okid->op_next = kid->op_next;
1456 kid->op_next = okid;
1459 okid->op_next = NULL;
1460 okid->op_type = OP_RV2CV;
1462 okid->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1463 okid->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1464 okid->op_private &= ~1;
1468 cv = GvCV(kGVOP_gv);
1478 /* grep, foreach, subcalls, refgen */
1479 if (type == OP_GREPSTART || type == OP_ENTERSUB || type == OP_REFGEN)
1481 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't modify %s in %s",
1482 (o->op_type == OP_NULL && (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
1484 : (o->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB
1485 ? "non-lvalue subroutine call"
1487 type ? PL_op_desc[type] : "local"));
1501 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1510 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED))
1517 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1523 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS) {
1524 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1525 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1529 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1531 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1535 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1536 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1542 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1545 ref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1550 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1565 PL_modcount = RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER;
1566 if (type == OP_REFGEN && o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
1567 return o; /* Treat \(@foo) like ordinary list. */
1568 if (scalar_mod_type(o, type))
1570 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1571 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1575 if (!type) /* local() */
1576 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Can't localize lexical variable %s",
1577 PAD_COMPNAME_PV(o->op_targ));
1585 if (type != OP_SASSIGN)
1589 if (o->op_private == 4) /* don't allow 4 arg substr as lvalue */
1594 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1595 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1597 pad_free(o->op_targ);
1598 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(o->op_type, SVs_PADMY);
1599 assert(SvTYPE(PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) == SVt_NULL);
1600 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1601 mod(cBINOPo->op_first->op_sibling, type);
1606 ref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type);
1607 if (type == OP_ENTERSUB &&
1608 !(o->op_private & (OPpLVAL_INTRO | OPpDEREF)))
1609 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_DEFER;
1610 if (type == OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1611 o->op_private |= OPpMAYBE_LVSUB;
1621 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
1622 mod(cLISTOPo->op_last, type);
1627 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* do BLOCK */
1629 else if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1631 if (o->op_targ != OP_LIST) {
1632 mod(cBINOPo->op_first, type);
1638 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1643 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1645 break; /* mod()ing was handled by ck_return() */
1648 /* [20011101.069] File test operators interpret OPf_REF to mean that
1649 their argument is a filehandle; thus \stat(".") should not set
1651 if (type == OP_REFGEN &&
1652 PL_check[o->op_type] == MEMBER_TO_FPTR(Perl_ck_ftst))
1655 if (type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1656 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1658 if (type == OP_AASSIGN || type == OP_SASSIGN)
1659 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_REF;
1660 else if (!type) { /* local() */
1663 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
1664 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_SPECIAL;
1665 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
1670 if (ckWARN(WARN_SYNTAX)) {
1671 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_SYNTAX),
1672 "Useless localization of %s", OP_DESC(o));
1676 else if (type != OP_GREPSTART && type != OP_ENTERSUB
1677 && type != OP_LEAVESUBLV)
1678 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1683 S_scalar_mod_type(const OP *o, I32 type)
1685 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SCALAR_MOD_TYPE;
1689 if (o->op_type == OP_RV2GV)
1713 case OP_RIGHT_SHIFT:
1733 S_is_handle_constructor(const OP *o, I32 numargs)
1735 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_IS_HANDLE_CONSTRUCTOR;
1737 switch (o->op_type) {
1745 case OP_SELECT: /* XXX c.f. SelectSaver.pm */
1758 S_refkids(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type)
1760 if (o && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
1762 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1769 Perl_doref(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 type, bool set_op_ref)
1774 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DOREF;
1776 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
1779 switch (o->op_type) {
1781 if ((type == OP_EXISTS || type == OP_DEFINED || type == OP_LOCK) &&
1782 !(o->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)) {
1783 o->op_type = OP_RV2CV; /* entersub => rv2cv */
1784 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2CV];
1785 assert(cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_NULL);
1786 op_null(((LISTOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_first); /* disable pushmark */
1787 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL;
1788 o->op_private &= ~1;
1793 for (kid = cUNOPo->op_first->op_sibling; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
1794 doref(kid, type, set_op_ref);
1797 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1798 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1799 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1802 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1803 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1804 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1806 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1813 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1816 if (type == OP_DEFINED)
1817 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* don't create GV */
1818 doref(cUNOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1824 o->op_flags |= OPf_REF;
1829 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1831 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, type, set_op_ref);
1835 doref(cBINOPo->op_first, o->op_type, set_op_ref);
1836 if (type == OP_RV2SV || type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV) {
1837 o->op_private |= (type == OP_RV2AV ? OPpDEREF_AV
1838 : type == OP_RV2HV ? OPpDEREF_HV
1840 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
1850 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
1852 doref(cLISTOPo->op_last, type, set_op_ref);
1862 S_dup_attrlist(pTHX_ OP *o)
1867 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DUP_ATTRLIST;
1869 /* An attrlist is either a simple OP_CONST or an OP_LIST with kids,
1870 * where the first kid is OP_PUSHMARK and the remaining ones
1871 * are OP_CONST. We need to push the OP_CONST values.
1873 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1874 rop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv));
1876 else if (o->op_type == OP_NULL)
1880 assert((o->op_type == OP_LIST) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS));
1882 for (o = cLISTOPo->op_first; o; o=o->op_sibling) {
1883 if (o->op_type == OP_CONST)
1884 rop = append_elem(OP_LIST, rop,
1885 newSVOP(OP_CONST, o->op_flags,
1886 SvREFCNT_inc_NN(cSVOPo->op_sv)));
1893 S_apply_attrs(pTHX_ HV *stash, SV *target, OP *attrs, bool for_my)
1898 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS;
1900 /* fake up C<use attributes $pkg,$rv,@attrs> */
1901 ENTER; /* need to protect against side-effects of 'use' */
1902 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1904 #define ATTRSMODULE "attributes"
1905 #define ATTRSMODULE_PM "attributes.pm"
1908 /* Don't force the C<use> if we don't need it. */
1909 SV * const * const svp = hv_fetchs(GvHVn(PL_incgv), ATTRSMODULE_PM, FALSE);
1910 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef)
1911 NOOP; /* already in %INC */
1913 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT,
1914 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE), NULL);
1917 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
1918 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
1920 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1921 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1922 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1923 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
1925 dup_attrlist(attrs))));
1931 S_apply_attrs_my(pTHX_ HV *stash, OP *target, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
1934 OP *pack, *imop, *arg;
1937 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS_MY;
1942 assert(target->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
1943 target->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
1944 target->op_type == OP_PADAV);
1946 /* Ensure that attributes.pm is loaded. */
1947 apply_attrs(stash, PAD_SV(target->op_targ), attrs, TRUE);
1949 /* Need package name for method call. */
1950 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE));
1952 /* Build up the real arg-list. */
1953 stashsv = stash ? newSVhek(HvNAME_HEK(stash)) : &PL_sv_no;
1955 arg = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
1956 arg->op_targ = target->op_targ;
1957 arg = prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1958 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, stashsv),
1959 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
1960 newUNOP(OP_REFGEN, 0,
1961 mod(arg, OP_REFGEN)),
1962 dup_attrlist(attrs)));
1964 /* Fake up a method call to import */
1965 meth = newSVpvs_share("import");
1966 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL|OPf_WANT_VOID,
1967 append_elem(OP_LIST,
1968 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
1969 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
1970 imop->op_private |= OPpENTERSUB_NOMOD;
1972 /* Combine the ops. */
1973 *imopsp = append_elem(OP_LIST, *imopsp, imop);
1977 =notfor apidoc apply_attrs_string
1979 Attempts to apply a list of attributes specified by the C<attrstr> and
1980 C<len> arguments to the subroutine identified by the C<cv> argument which
1981 is expected to be associated with the package identified by the C<stashpv>
1982 argument (see L<attributes>). It gets this wrong, though, in that it
1983 does not correctly identify the boundaries of the individual attribute
1984 specifications within C<attrstr>. This is not really intended for the
1985 public API, but has to be listed here for systems such as AIX which
1986 need an explicit export list for symbols. (It's called from XS code
1987 in support of the C<ATTRS:> keyword from F<xsubpp>.) Patches to fix it
1988 to respect attribute syntax properly would be welcome.
1994 Perl_apply_attrs_string(pTHX_ const char *stashpv, CV *cv,
1995 const char *attrstr, STRLEN len)
1999 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_APPLY_ATTRS_STRING;
2002 len = strlen(attrstr);
2006 for (; isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
2008 const char * const sstr = attrstr;
2009 for (; !isSPACE(*attrstr) && len; --len, ++attrstr) ;
2010 attrs = append_elem(OP_LIST, attrs,
2011 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
2012 newSVpvn(sstr, attrstr-sstr)));
2016 Perl_load_module(aTHX_ PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS,
2017 newSVpvs(ATTRSMODULE),
2018 NULL, prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
2019 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpv(stashpv,0)),
2020 prepend_elem(OP_LIST,
2021 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0,
2022 newRV(MUTABLE_SV(cv))),
2027 S_my_kid(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs, OP **imopsp)
2032 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_KID;
2034 if (!o || (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count))
2038 if (PL_madskills && type == OP_NULL && o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
2039 (void)my_kid(cUNOPo->op_first, attrs, imopsp);
2043 if (type == OP_LIST) {
2045 for (kid = cLISTOPo->op_first; kid; kid = kid->op_sibling)
2046 my_kid(kid, attrs, imopsp);
2047 } else if (type == OP_UNDEF
2053 } else if (type == OP_RV2SV || /* "our" declaration */
2055 type == OP_RV2HV) { /* XXX does this let anything illegal in? */
2056 if (cUNOPo->op_first->op_type != OP_GV) { /* MJD 20011224 */
2057 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
2059 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2061 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
2063 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(cUNOPo->op_first);
2064 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2065 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2066 apply_attrs(GvSTASH(gv),
2067 (type == OP_RV2SV ? GvSV(gv) :
2068 type == OP_RV2AV ? MUTABLE_SV(GvAV(gv)) :
2069 type == OP_RV2HV ? MUTABLE_SV(GvHV(gv)) : MUTABLE_SV(gv)),
2072 o->op_private |= OPpOUR_INTRO;
2075 else if (type != OP_PADSV &&
2078 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2080 yyerror(Perl_form(aTHX_ "Can't declare %s in \"%s\"",
2082 PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2084 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state ? "state" : "my"));
2087 else if (attrs && type != OP_PUSHMARK) {
2090 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2091 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2093 /* check for C<my Dog $spot> when deciding package */
2094 stash = PAD_COMPNAME_TYPE(o->op_targ);
2096 stash = PL_curstash;
2097 apply_attrs_my(stash, o, attrs, imopsp);
2099 o->op_flags |= OPf_MOD;
2100 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2101 if (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state)
2102 o->op_private |= OPpPAD_STATE;
2107 Perl_my_attrs(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *attrs)
2111 int maybe_scalar = 0;
2113 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_ATTRS;
2115 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2116 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2118 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2128 o = my_kid(o, attrs, &rops);
2130 if (maybe_scalar && o->op_type == OP_PADSV) {
2131 o = scalar(append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)rops, (LISTOP*)o));
2132 o->op_private |= OPpLVAL_INTRO;
2135 o = append_list(OP_LIST, (LISTOP*)o, (LISTOP*)rops);
2137 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2138 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2143 Perl_sawparens(pTHX_ OP *o)
2145 PERL_UNUSED_CONTEXT;
2147 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS;
2152 Perl_bind_match(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *left, OP *right)
2156 const OPCODE ltype = left->op_type;
2157 const OPCODE rtype = right->op_type;
2159 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_BIND_MATCH;
2161 if ( (ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_RV2HV || ltype == OP_PADAV
2162 || ltype == OP_PADHV) && ckWARN(WARN_MISC))
2164 const char * const desc
2165 = PL_op_desc[(rtype == OP_SUBST || rtype == OP_TRANS)
2166 ? (int)rtype : OP_MATCH];
2167 const char * const sample = ((ltype == OP_RV2AV || ltype == OP_PADAV)
2168 ? "@array" : "%hash");
2169 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2170 "Applying %s to %s will act on scalar(%s)",
2171 desc, sample, sample);
2174 if (rtype == OP_CONST &&
2175 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
2176 cSVOPx(right)->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
2178 no_bareword_allowed(right);
2181 ismatchop = rtype == OP_MATCH ||
2182 rtype == OP_SUBST ||
2184 if (ismatchop && right->op_private & OPpTARGET_MY) {
2186 right->op_private &= ~OPpTARGET_MY;
2188 if (!(right->op_flags & OPf_STACKED) && ismatchop) {
2191 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
2192 if (rtype != OP_MATCH &&
2193 ! (rtype == OP_TRANS &&
2194 right->op_private & OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL))
2195 newleft = mod(left, rtype);
2198 if (right->op_type == OP_TRANS)
2199 o = newBINOP(OP_NULL, OPf_STACKED, scalar(newleft), right);
2201 o = prepend_elem(rtype, scalar(newleft), right);
2203 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, 0, scalar(o));
2207 return bind_match(type, left,
2208 pmruntime(newPMOP(OP_MATCH, 0), right, 0));
2212 Perl_invert(pTHX_ OP *o)
2216 return newUNOP(OP_NOT, OPf_SPECIAL, scalar(o));
2220 Perl_scope(pTHX_ OP *o)
2224 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS || PERLDB_NOOPT || PL_tainting) {
2225 o = prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, newOP(OP_ENTER, 0), o);
2226 o->op_type = OP_LEAVE;
2227 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_LEAVE];
2229 else if (o->op_type == OP_LINESEQ) {
2231 o->op_type = OP_SCOPE;
2232 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SCOPE];
2233 kid = ((LISTOP*)o)->op_first;
2234 if (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE) {
2237 /* The following deals with things like 'do {1 for 1}' */
2238 kid = kid->op_sibling;
2240 (kid->op_type == OP_NEXTSTATE || kid->op_type == OP_DBSTATE))
2245 o = newLISTOP(OP_SCOPE, 0, o, NULL);
2251 Perl_block_start(pTHX_ int full)
2254 const int retval = PL_savestack_ix;
2255 pad_block_start(full);
2257 PL_hints &= ~HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2258 SAVECOMPILEWARNINGS();
2259 PL_compiling.cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_compiling.cop_warnings);
2264 Perl_block_end(pTHX_ I32 floor, OP *seq)
2267 const int needblockscope = PL_hints & HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
2268 OP* const retval = scalarseq(seq);
2270 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, PL_hints);
2272 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE; /* propagate out */
2281 const PADOFFSET offset = pad_findmy("$_");
2282 if (offset == NOT_IN_PAD || PAD_COMPNAME_FLAGS_isOUR(offset)) {
2283 return newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, PL_defgv));
2286 OP * const o = newOP(OP_PADSV, 0);
2287 o->op_targ = offset;
2293 Perl_newPROG(pTHX_ OP *o)
2297 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWPROG;
2302 PL_eval_root = newUNOP(OP_LEAVEEVAL,
2303 ((PL_in_eval & EVAL_KEEPERR)
2304 ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0), o);
2305 PL_eval_start = linklist(PL_eval_root);
2306 PL_eval_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2307 OpREFCNT_set(PL_eval_root, 1);
2308 PL_eval_root->op_next = 0;
2309 CALL_PEEP(PL_eval_start);
2312 if (o->op_type == OP_STUB) {
2313 PL_comppad_name = 0;
2315 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ o);
2318 PL_main_root = scope(sawparens(scalarvoid(o)));
2319 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2320 PL_main_start = LINKLIST(PL_main_root);
2321 PL_main_root->op_private |= OPpREFCOUNTED;
2322 OpREFCNT_set(PL_main_root, 1);
2323 PL_main_root->op_next = 0;
2324 CALL_PEEP(PL_main_start);
2327 /* Register with debugger */
2329 CV * const cv = get_cvs("DB::postponed", 0);
2333 XPUSHs(MUTABLE_SV(CopFILEGV(&PL_compiling)));
2335 call_sv(MUTABLE_SV(cv), G_DISCARD);
2342 Perl_localize(pTHX_ OP *o, I32 lex)
2346 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOCALIZE;
2348 if (o->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)
2349 /* [perl #17376]: this appears to be premature, and results in code such as
2350 C< our(%x); > executing in list mode rather than void mode */
2357 if ( PL_parser->bufptr > PL_parser->oldbufptr
2358 && PL_parser->bufptr[-1] == ','
2359 && ckWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS))
2361 char *s = PL_parser->bufptr;
2364 /* some heuristics to detect a potential error */
2365 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2369 if (*s && strchr("@$%*", *s) && *++s
2370 && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s))) {
2373 while (*s && (isALNUM(*s) || UTF8_IS_CONTINUED(*s)))
2375 while (*s && (strchr(", \t\n", *s)))
2381 if (sigil && (*s == ';' || *s == '=')) {
2382 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_PARENTHESIS),
2383 "Parentheses missing around \"%s\" list",
2385 ? (PL_parser->in_my == KEY_our
2387 : PL_parser->in_my == KEY_state
2397 o = mod(o, OP_NULL); /* a bit kludgey */
2398 PL_parser->in_my = FALSE;
2399 PL_parser->in_my_stash = NULL;
2404 Perl_jmaybe(pTHX_ OP *o)
2406 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_JMAYBE;
2408 if (o->op_type == OP_LIST) {
2410 = newSVREF(newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv_fetchpvs(";", GV_ADD|GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PV)));
2411 o = convert(OP_JOIN, 0, prepend_elem(OP_LIST, o2, o));
2417 S_fold_constants(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2420 register OP * VOL curop;
2422 VOL I32 type = o->op_type;
2427 SV * const oldwarnhook = PL_warnhook;
2428 SV * const olddiehook = PL_diehook;
2432 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_FOLD_CONSTANTS;
2434 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
2436 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET && !o->op_targ)
2437 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
2439 /* integerize op, unless it happens to be C<-foo>.
2440 * XXX should pp_i_negate() do magic string negation instead? */
2441 if ((PL_opargs[type] & OA_OTHERINT) && (PL_hints & HINT_INTEGER)
2442 && !(type == OP_NEGATE && cUNOPo->op_first->op_type == OP_CONST
2443 && (cUNOPo->op_first->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)))
2445 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type = ++(o->op_type)];
2448 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_FOLDCONST))
2453 /* XXX might want a ck_negate() for this */
2454 cUNOPo->op_first->op_private &= ~OPpCONST_STRICT;
2465 /* XXX what about the numeric ops? */
2466 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
2471 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
2472 goto nope; /* Don't try to run w/ errors */
2474 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
2475 const OPCODE type = curop->op_type;
2476 if ((type != OP_CONST || (curop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE)) &&
2478 type != OP_SCALAR &&
2480 type != OP_PUSHMARK)
2486 curop = LINKLIST(o);
2487 old_next = o->op_next;
2491 oldscope = PL_scopestack_ix;
2492 create_eval_scope(G_FAKINGEVAL);
2494 /* Verify that we don't need to save it: */
2495 assert(PL_curcop == &PL_compiling);
2496 StructCopy(&PL_compiling, ¬_compiling, COP);
2497 PL_curcop = ¬_compiling;
2498 /* The above ensures that we run with all the correct hints of the
2499 currently compiling COP, but that IN_PERL_RUNTIME is not true. */
2500 assert(IN_PERL_RUNTIME);
2501 PL_warnhook = PERL_WARNHOOK_FATAL;
2508 sv = *(PL_stack_sp--);
2509 if (o->op_targ && sv == PAD_SV(o->op_targ)) /* grab pad temp? */
2510 pad_swipe(o->op_targ, FALSE);
2511 else if (SvTEMP(sv)) { /* grab mortal temp? */
2512 SvREFCNT_inc_simple_void(sv);
2517 /* Something tried to die. Abandon constant folding. */
2518 /* Pretend the error never happened. */
2520 o->op_next = old_next;
2524 /* Don't expect 1 (setjmp failed) or 2 (something called my_exit) */
2525 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2526 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2527 /* XXX note that this croak may fail as we've already blown away
2528 * the stack - eg any nested evals */
2529 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "panic: fold_constants JMPENV_PUSH returned %d", ret);
2532 PL_warnhook = oldwarnhook;
2533 PL_diehook = olddiehook;
2534 PL_curcop = &PL_compiling;
2536 if (PL_scopestack_ix > oldscope)
2537 delete_eval_scope();
2546 if (type == OP_RV2GV)
2547 newop = newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, MUTABLE_GV(sv));
2549 newop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, MUTABLE_SV(sv));
2550 op_getmad(o,newop,'f');
2558 S_gen_constant_list(pTHX_ register OP *o)
2562 const I32 oldtmps_floor = PL_tmps_floor;
2565 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->error_count)
2566 return o; /* Don't attempt to run with errors */
2568 PL_op = curop = LINKLIST(o);
2574 assert (!(curop->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL));
2575 assert(curop->op_type == OP_RANGE);
2577 PL_tmps_floor = oldtmps_floor;
2579 o->op_type = OP_RV2AV;
2580 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RV2AV];
2581 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_REF; /* treat \(1..2) like an ordinary list */
2582 o->op_flags |= OPf_PARENS; /* and flatten \(1..2,3) */
2583 o->op_opt = 0; /* needs to be revisited in peep() */
2584 curop = ((UNOP*)o)->op_first;
2585 ((UNOP*)o)->op_first = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, SvREFCNT_inc_NN(*PL_stack_sp--));
2587 op_getmad(curop,o,'O');
2596 Perl_convert(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *o)
2599 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2600 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2602 o->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
2604 if (!(PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK))
2605 op_null(cLISTOPo->op_first);
2607 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2608 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2609 o->op_flags |= flags;
2611 o = CHECKOP(type, o);
2612 if (o->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2615 return fold_constants(o);
2618 /* List constructors */
2621 Perl_append_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2629 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type
2630 || (type == OP_LIST && (first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS)))
2632 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2635 if (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
2636 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last->op_sibling = last;
2638 first->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2639 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_first = last;
2641 ((LISTOP*)first)->op_last = last;
2646 Perl_append_list(pTHX_ I32 type, LISTOP *first, LISTOP *last)
2654 if (first->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2655 return prepend_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2657 if (last->op_type != (unsigned)type)
2658 return append_elem(type, (OP*)first, (OP*)last);
2660 first->op_last->op_sibling = last->op_first;
2661 first->op_last = last->op_last;
2662 first->op_flags |= (last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS);
2665 if (last->op_first && first->op_madprop) {
2666 MADPROP *mp = last->op_first->op_madprop;
2668 while (mp->mad_next)
2670 mp->mad_next = first->op_madprop;
2673 last->op_first->op_madprop = first->op_madprop;
2676 first->op_madprop = last->op_madprop;
2677 last->op_madprop = 0;
2680 S_op_destroy(aTHX_ (OP*)last);
2686 Perl_prepend_elem(pTHX_ I32 type, OP *first, OP *last)
2694 if (last->op_type == (unsigned)type) {
2695 if (type == OP_LIST) { /* already a PUSHMARK there */
2696 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling;
2697 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first->op_sibling = first;
2698 if (!(first->op_flags & OPf_PARENS))
2699 last->op_flags &= ~OPf_PARENS;
2702 if (!(last->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)) {
2703 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_last = first;
2704 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2706 first->op_sibling = ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first;
2707 ((LISTOP*)last)->op_first = first;
2709 last->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
2713 return newLISTOP(type, 0, first, last);
2721 Perl_newTOKEN(pTHX_ I32 optype, YYSTYPE lval, MADPROP* madprop)
2724 Newxz(tk, 1, TOKEN);
2725 tk->tk_type = (OPCODE)optype;
2726 tk->tk_type = 12345;
2728 tk->tk_mad = madprop;
2733 Perl_token_free(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk)
2735 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOKEN_FREE;
2737 if (tk->tk_type != 12345)
2739 mad_free(tk->tk_mad);
2744 Perl_token_getmad(pTHX_ TOKEN* tk, OP* o, char slot)
2749 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_TOKEN_GETMAD;
2751 if (tk->tk_type != 12345) {
2752 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
2753 "Invalid TOKEN object ignored");
2760 /* faked up qw list? */
2762 tm->mad_type == MAD_SV &&
2763 SvPVX((SV *)tm->mad_val)[0] == 'q')
2770 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2771 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2772 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2773 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2775 token_getmad(tk,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2789 if (mp->mad_key == 'X')
2790 mp->mad_key = slot; /* just change the first one */
2800 Perl_op_getmad_weak(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2809 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2810 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2811 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2812 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2814 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2821 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2824 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,0);
2830 Perl_op_getmad(pTHX_ OP* from, OP* o, char slot)
2839 /* pretend constant fold didn't happen? */
2840 if (mp->mad_key == 'f' &&
2841 (o->op_type == OP_CONST ||
2842 o->op_type == OP_GV) )
2844 op_getmad(from,(OP*)mp->mad_val,slot);
2851 mp->mad_next = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2854 o->op_madprop = newMADPROP(slot,MAD_OP,from,1);
2858 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(),
2859 "DESTROYING op = %0"UVxf"\n", PTR2UV(from));
2865 Perl_prepend_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp, OP* o, char slot)
2883 Perl_append_madprops(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, OP* o, char slot)
2887 addmad(tm, &(o->op_madprop), slot);
2891 Perl_addmad(pTHX_ MADPROP* tm, MADPROP** root, char slot)
2912 Perl_newMADsv(pTHX_ char key, SV* sv)
2914 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWMADSV;
2916 return newMADPROP(key, MAD_SV, sv, 0);
2920 Perl_newMADPROP(pTHX_ char key, char type, void* val, I32 vlen)
2923 Newxz(mp, 1, MADPROP);
2926 mp->mad_vlen = vlen;
2927 mp->mad_type = type;
2929 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "NEW mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2934 Perl_mad_free(pTHX_ MADPROP* mp)
2936 /* PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "FREE mp = %0x\n", mp); */
2940 mad_free(mp->mad_next);
2941 /* if (PL_parser && PL_parser->lex_state != LEX_NOTPARSING && mp->mad_vlen)
2942 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "DESTROYING '%c'=<%s>\n", mp->mad_key & 255, mp->mad_val); */
2943 switch (mp->mad_type) {
2947 Safefree((char*)mp->mad_val);
2950 if (mp->mad_vlen) /* vlen holds "strong/weak" boolean */
2951 op_free((OP*)mp->mad_val);
2954 sv_free(MUTABLE_SV(mp->mad_val));
2957 PerlIO_printf(PerlIO_stderr(), "Unrecognized mad\n");
2966 Perl_newNULLLIST(pTHX)
2968 return newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
2972 S_force_list(pTHX_ OP *o)
2974 if (!o || o->op_type != OP_LIST)
2975 o = newLISTOP(OP_LIST, 0, o, NULL);
2981 Perl_newLISTOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
2986 NewOp(1101, listop, 1, LISTOP);
2988 listop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
2989 listop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
2992 listop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
2996 else if (!first && last)
2999 first->op_sibling = last;
3000 listop->op_first = first;
3001 listop->op_last = last;
3002 if (type == OP_LIST) {
3003 OP* const pushop = newOP(OP_PUSHMARK, 0);
3004 pushop->op_sibling = first;
3005 listop->op_first = pushop;
3006 listop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3008 listop->op_last = pushop;
3011 return CHECKOP(type, listop);
3015 Perl_newOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3019 NewOp(1101, o, 1, OP);
3020 o->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3021 o->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3022 o->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3024 o->op_latefreed = 0;
3028 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3029 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3031 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3032 o->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3033 return CHECKOP(type, o);
3037 Perl_newUNOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first)
3043 first = newOP(OP_STUB, 0);
3044 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_MARK)
3045 first = force_list(first);
3047 NewOp(1101, unop, 1, UNOP);
3048 unop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3049 unop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3050 unop->op_first = first;
3051 unop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3052 unop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3053 unop = (UNOP*) CHECKOP(type, unop);
3057 return fold_constants((OP *) unop);
3061 Perl_newBINOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *last)
3065 NewOp(1101, binop, 1, BINOP);
3068 first = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
3070 binop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3071 binop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3072 binop->op_first = first;
3073 binop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
3076 binop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
3079 binop->op_private = (U8)(2 | (flags >> 8));
3080 first->op_sibling = last;
3083 binop = (BINOP*)CHECKOP(type, binop);
3084 if (binop->op_next || binop->op_type != (OPCODE)type)
3087 binop->op_last = binop->op_first->op_sibling;
3089 return fold_constants((OP *)binop);
3092 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
3093 __attribute__nonnull__(1)
3094 __attribute__nonnull__(2)
3095 __attribute__pure__;
3096 static int uvcompare(const void *a, const void *b)
3098 if (*((const UV *)a) < (*(const UV *)b))
3100 if (*((const UV *)a) > (*(const UV *)b))
3102 if (*((const UV *)a+1) < (*(const UV *)b+1))
3104 if (*((const UV *)a+1) > (*(const UV *)b+1))
3110 S_pmtrans(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, OP *repl)
3113 SV * const tstr = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3116 (repl->op_type == OP_NULL)
3117 ? ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)repl)->op_first)->op_sv :
3119 ((SVOP*)repl)->op_sv;
3122 const U8 *t = (U8*)SvPV_const(tstr, tlen);
3123 const U8 *r = (U8*)SvPV_const(rstr, rlen);
3127 register short *tbl;
3129 const I32 complement = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_COMPLEMENT;
3130 const I32 squash = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_SQUASH;
3131 I32 del = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_DELETE;
3134 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PMTRANS;
3136 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3139 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
3142 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
3144 if (o->op_private & (OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF|OPpTRANS_TO_UTF)) {
3145 SV* const listsv = newSVpvs("# comment\n");
3147 const U8* tend = t + tlen;
3148 const U8* rend = r + rlen;
3162 const I32 from_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_FROM_UTF;
3163 const I32 to_utf = o->op_private & OPpTRANS_TO_UTF;
3166 const U32 flags = UTF8_ALLOW_DEFAULT;
3170 t = tsave = bytes_to_utf8(t, &len);
3173 if (!to_utf && rlen) {
3175 r = rsave = bytes_to_utf8(r, &len);
3179 /* There are several snags with this code on EBCDIC:
3180 1. 0xFF is a legal UTF-EBCDIC byte (there are no illegal bytes).
3181 2. scan_const() in toke.c has encoded chars in native encoding which makes
3182 ranges at least in EBCDIC 0..255 range the bottom odd.
3186 U8 tmpbuf[UTF8_MAXBYTES+1];
3189 Newx(cp, 2*tlen, UV);
3191 transv = newSVpvs("");
3193 cp[2*i] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
3195 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) {
3197 cp[2*i+1] = utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend-t, &ulen, flags);
3201 cp[2*i+1] = cp[2*i];
3205 qsort(cp, i, 2*sizeof(UV), uvcompare);
3206 for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
3208 diff = val - nextmin;
3210 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
3211 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3213 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
3214 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf, val - 1);
3215 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
3216 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3223 t = uvuni_to_utf8(tmpbuf,nextmin);
3224 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3226 U8 range_mark = UTF_TO_NATIVE(0xff);
3227 sv_catpvn(transv, (char *)&range_mark, 1);
3229 t = uvuni_to_utf8_flags(tmpbuf, 0x7fffffff,
3230 UNICODE_ALLOW_SUPER);
3231 sv_catpvn(transv, (char*)tmpbuf, t - tmpbuf);
3232 t = (const U8*)SvPVX_const(transv);
3233 tlen = SvCUR(transv);
3237 else if (!rlen && !del) {
3238 r = t; rlen = tlen; rend = tend;
3241 if ((!rlen && !del) || t == r ||
3242 (tlen == rlen && memEQ((char *)t, (char *)r, tlen)))
3244 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3248 while (t < tend || tfirst <= tlast) {
3249 /* see if we need more "t" chars */
3250 if (tfirst > tlast) {
3251 tfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
3253 if (t < tend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*t) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
3255 tlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(t, tend - t, &ulen, flags);
3262 /* now see if we need more "r" chars */
3263 if (rfirst > rlast) {
3265 rfirst = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
3267 if (r < rend && NATIVE_TO_UTF(*r) == 0xff) { /* illegal utf8 val indicates range */
3269 rlast = (I32)utf8n_to_uvuni(r, rend - r, &ulen, flags);
3278 rfirst = rlast = 0xffffffff;
3282 /* now see which range will peter our first, if either. */
3283 tdiff = tlast - tfirst;
3284 rdiff = rlast - rfirst;
3291 if (rfirst == 0xffffffff) {
3292 diff = tdiff; /* oops, pretend rdiff is infinite */
3294 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\tXXXX\n",
3295 (long)tfirst, (long)tlast);
3297 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\tXXXX\n", (long)tfirst);
3301 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t%04lx\t%04lx\n",
3302 (long)tfirst, (long)(tfirst + diff),
3305 Perl_sv_catpvf(aTHX_ listsv, "%04lx\t\t%04lx\n",
3306 (long)tfirst, (long)rfirst);
3308 if (rfirst + diff > max)
3309 max = rfirst + diff;
3311 grows = (tfirst < rfirst &&
3312 UNISKIP(tfirst) < UNISKIP(rfirst + diff));
3324 else if (max > 0xff)
3329 PerlMemShared_free(cPVOPo->op_pv);
3330 cPVOPo->op_pv = NULL;
3332 swash = MUTABLE_SV(swash_init("utf8", "", listsv, bits, none));
3334 cPADOPo->op_padix = pad_alloc(OP_TRANS, SVs_PADTMP);
3335 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(cPADOPo->op_padix));
3336 PAD_SETSV(cPADOPo->op_padix, swash);
3338 SvREADONLY_on(swash);
3340 cSVOPo->op_sv = swash;
3342 SvREFCNT_dec(listsv);
3343 SvREFCNT_dec(transv);
3345 if (!del && havefinal && rlen)
3346 (void)hv_store(MUTABLE_HV(SvRV(swash)), "FINAL", 5,
3347 newSVuv((UV)final), 0);
3350 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3356 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3357 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3365 tbl = (short*)cPVOPo->op_pv;
3367 Zero(tbl, 256, short);
3368 for (i = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++)
3370 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < 256; i++) {
3372 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3381 if (i < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3391 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3393 else if (j >= (I32)rlen)
3398 PerlMemShared_realloc(tbl,
3399 (0x101+rlen-j) * sizeof(short));
3400 cPVOPo->op_pv = (char*)tbl;
3402 tbl[0x100] = (short)(rlen - j);
3403 for (i=0; i < (I32)rlen - j; i++)
3404 tbl[0x101+i] = r[j+i];
3408 if (!rlen && !del) {
3411 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3413 else if (!squash && rlen == tlen && memEQ((char*)t, (char*)r, tlen)) {
3414 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_IDENTICAL;
3416 for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
3418 for (i = 0, j = 0; i < (I32)tlen; i++,j++) {
3419 if (j >= (I32)rlen) {
3421 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1)
3427 if (tbl[t[i]] == -1) {
3428 if (t[i] < 128 && r[j] >= 128)
3435 if(ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) {
3436 if(del && rlen == tlen) {
3437 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Useless use of /d modifier in transliteration operator");
3438 } else if(rlen > tlen) {
3439 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC), "Replacement list is longer than search list");
3444 o->op_private |= OPpTRANS_GROWS;
3446 op_getmad(expr,o,'e');
3447 op_getmad(repl,o,'r');
3457 Perl_newPMOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags)
3462 NewOp(1101, pmop, 1, PMOP);
3463 pmop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3464 pmop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3465 pmop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3466 pmop->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
3468 if (PL_hints & HINT_RE_TAINT)
3469 pmop->op_pmflags |= PMf_RETAINT;
3470 if (PL_hints & HINT_LOCALE)
3471 pmop->op_pmflags |= PMf_LOCALE;
3475 assert(SvPOK(PL_regex_pad[0]));
3476 if (SvCUR(PL_regex_pad[0])) {
3477 /* Pop off the "packed" IV from the end. */
3478 SV *const repointer_list = PL_regex_pad[0];
3479 const char *p = SvEND(repointer_list) - sizeof(IV);
3480 const IV offset = *((IV*)p);
3482 assert(SvCUR(repointer_list) % sizeof(IV) == 0);
3484 SvEND_set(repointer_list, p);
3486 pmop->op_pmoffset = offset;
3487 /* This slot should be free, so assert this: */
3488 assert(PL_regex_pad[offset] == &PL_sv_undef);
3490 SV * const repointer = &PL_sv_undef;
3491 av_push(PL_regex_padav, repointer);
3492 pmop->op_pmoffset = av_len(PL_regex_padav);
3493 PL_regex_pad = AvARRAY(PL_regex_padav);
3497 return CHECKOP(type, pmop);
3500 /* Given some sort of match op o, and an expression expr containing a
3501 * pattern, either compile expr into a regex and attach it to o (if it's
3502 * constant), or convert expr into a runtime regcomp op sequence (if it's
3505 * isreg indicates that the pattern is part of a regex construct, eg
3506 * $x =~ /pattern/ or split /pattern/, as opposed to $x =~ $pattern or
3507 * split "pattern", which aren't. In the former case, expr will be a list
3508 * if the pattern contains more than one term (eg /a$b/) or if it contains
3509 * a replacement, ie s/// or tr///.
3513 Perl_pmruntime(pTHX_ OP *o, OP *expr, bool isreg)
3518 I32 repl_has_vars = 0;
3522 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PMRUNTIME;
3524 if (o->op_type == OP_SUBST || o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3525 /* last element in list is the replacement; pop it */
3527 repl = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last;
3528 kid = cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first;
3529 while (kid->op_sibling != repl)
3530 kid = kid->op_sibling;
3531 kid->op_sibling = NULL;
3532 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last = kid;
3535 if (isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST &&
3536 cLISTOPx(expr)->op_first->op_sibling == cLISTOPx(expr)->op_last)
3538 /* convert single element list to element */
3539 OP* const oe = expr;
3540 expr = cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling;
3541 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_first->op_sibling = NULL;
3542 cLISTOPx(oe)->op_last = NULL;
3546 if (o->op_type == OP_TRANS) {
3547 return pmtrans(o, expr, repl);
3550 reglist = isreg && expr->op_type == OP_LIST;
3554 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3557 if (expr->op_type == OP_CONST) {
3558 SV *pat = ((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv;
3559 U32 pm_flags = pm->op_pmflags & PMf_COMPILETIME;
3561 if (o->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
3562 pm_flags |= RXf_SPLIT;
3565 assert (SvUTF8(pat));
3566 } else if (SvUTF8(pat)) {
3567 /* Not doing UTF-8, despite what the SV says. Is this only if we're
3568 trapped in use 'bytes'? */
3569 /* Make a copy of the octet sequence, but without the flag on, as
3570 the compiler now honours the SvUTF8 flag on pat. */
3572 const char *const p = SvPV(pat, len);
3573 pat = newSVpvn_flags(p, len, SVs_TEMP);
3576 PM_SETRE(pm, CALLREGCOMP(pat, pm_flags));
3579 op_getmad(expr,(OP*)pm,'e');
3585 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL))
3586 expr = newUNOP((!(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)
3588 : OP_REGCMAYBE),0,expr);
3590 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3591 rcop->op_type = OP_REGCOMP;
3592 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_REGCOMP];
3593 rcop->op_first = scalar(expr);
3594 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS
3595 | ((PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL) ? OPf_SPECIAL : 0)
3596 | (reglist ? OPf_STACKED : 0);
3597 rcop->op_private = 1;
3600 rcop->op_targ = pad_alloc(rcop->op_type, SVs_PADTMP);
3602 /* /$x/ may cause an eval, since $x might be qr/(?{..})/ */
3605 /* establish postfix order */
3606 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_KEEP || !(PL_hints & HINT_RE_EVAL)) {
3608 rcop->op_next = expr;
3609 ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3612 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(expr);
3613 expr->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3616 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar((OP*)rcop), o);
3621 if (pm->op_pmflags & PMf_EVAL) {
3623 if (CopLINE(PL_curcop) < (line_t)PL_parser->multi_end)
3624 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, (line_t)PL_parser->multi_end);
3626 else if (repl->op_type == OP_CONST)
3630 for (curop = LINKLIST(repl); curop!=repl; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
3631 if (curop->op_type == OP_SCOPE
3632 || curop->op_type == OP_LEAVE
3633 || (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS)) {
3634 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
3635 GV * const gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
3637 if (strchr("&`'123456789+-\016\022", *GvENAME(gv)))
3640 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
3642 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
3643 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
3644 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
3645 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
3646 if (lastop && lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /*funny deref?*/
3649 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
3650 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
3651 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
3652 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
3656 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)
3657 NOOP; /* Okay here, dangerous in newASSIGNOP */
3667 || RX_EXTFLAGS(PM_GETRE(pm)) & RXf_EVAL_SEEN)))
3669 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_CONST; /* const for long enough */
3670 prepend_elem(o->op_type, scalar(repl), o);
3673 if (curop == repl && !PM_GETRE(pm)) { /* Has variables. */
3674 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_MAYBE_CONST;
3676 NewOp(1101, rcop, 1, LOGOP);
3677 rcop->op_type = OP_SUBSTCONT;
3678 rcop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_SUBSTCONT];
3679 rcop->op_first = scalar(repl);
3680 rcop->op_flags |= OPf_KIDS;
3681 rcop->op_private = 1;
3684 /* establish postfix order */
3685 rcop->op_next = LINKLIST(repl);
3686 repl->op_next = (OP*)rcop;
3688 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmreplroot = scalar((OP*)rcop);
3689 assert(!(pm->op_pmflags & PMf_ONCE));
3690 pm->op_pmstashstartu.op_pmreplstart = LINKLIST(rcop);
3699 Perl_newSVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3704 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWSVOP;
3706 NewOp(1101, svop, 1, SVOP);
3707 svop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3708 svop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3710 svop->op_next = (OP*)svop;
3711 svop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3712 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3714 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3715 svop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3716 return CHECKOP(type, svop);
3721 Perl_newPADOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, SV *sv)
3726 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWPADOP;
3728 NewOp(1101, padop, 1, PADOP);
3729 padop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3730 padop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3731 padop->op_padix = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3732 SvREFCNT_dec(PAD_SVl(padop->op_padix));
3733 PAD_SETSV(padop->op_padix, sv);
3736 padop->op_next = (OP*)padop;
3737 padop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3738 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3740 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3741 padop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3742 return CHECKOP(type, padop);
3747 Perl_newGVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, GV *gv)
3751 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWGVOP;
3755 return newPADOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3757 return newSVOP(type, flags, SvREFCNT_inc_simple_NN(gv));
3762 Perl_newPVOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, char *pv)
3766 NewOp(1101, pvop, 1, PVOP);
3767 pvop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
3768 pvop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
3770 pvop->op_next = (OP*)pvop;
3771 pvop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
3772 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_RETSCALAR)
3774 if (PL_opargs[type] & OA_TARGET)
3775 pvop->op_targ = pad_alloc(type, SVs_PADTMP);
3776 return CHECKOP(type, pvop);
3784 Perl_package(pTHX_ OP *o)
3787 SV *const sv = cSVOPo->op_sv;
3792 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_PACKAGE;
3794 save_hptr(&PL_curstash);
3795 save_item(PL_curstname);
3797 PL_curstash = gv_stashsv(sv, GV_ADD);
3799 sv_setsv(PL_curstname, sv);
3801 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3802 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
3803 PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
3808 if (!PL_madskills) {
3813 pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3814 op_getmad(o,pegop,'P');
3824 Perl_utilize(pTHX_ int aver, I32 floor, OP *version, OP *idop, OP *arg)
3831 OP *pegop = newOP(OP_NULL,0);
3834 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UTILIZE;
3836 if (idop->op_type != OP_CONST)
3837 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Module name must be constant");
3840 op_getmad(idop,pegop,'U');
3845 SV * const vesv = ((SVOP*)version)->op_sv;
3848 op_getmad(version,pegop,'V');
3849 if (!arg && !SvNIOKp(vesv)) {
3856 if (version->op_type != OP_CONST || !SvNIOKp(vesv))
3857 Perl_croak(aTHX_ "Version number must be a constant number");
3859 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3860 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3862 /* Fake up a method call to VERSION */
3863 meth = newSVpvs_share("VERSION");
3864 veop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3865 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3866 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(version)),
3867 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3871 /* Fake up an import/unimport */
3872 if (arg && arg->op_type == OP_STUB) {
3874 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'S');
3875 imop = arg; /* no import on explicit () */
3877 else if (SvNIOKp(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv)) {
3878 imop = NULL; /* use 5.0; */
3880 idop->op_private |= OPpCONST_NOVER;
3886 op_getmad(arg,pegop,'A');
3888 /* Make copy of idop so we don't free it twice */
3889 pack = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVsv(((SVOP*)idop)->op_sv));
3891 /* Fake up a method call to import/unimport */
3893 ? newSVpvs_share("import") : newSVpvs_share("unimport");
3894 imop = convert(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED|OPf_SPECIAL,
3895 append_elem(OP_LIST,
3896 prepend_elem(OP_LIST, pack, list(arg)),
3897 newSVOP(OP_METHOD_NAMED, 0, meth)));
3900 /* Fake up the BEGIN {}, which does its thing immediately. */
3902 newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSVpvs_share("BEGIN")),
3905 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3906 append_elem(OP_LINESEQ,
3907 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, newUNOP(OP_REQUIRE, 0, idop)),
3908 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, veop)),
3909 newSTATEOP(0, NULL, imop) ));
3911 /* The "did you use incorrect case?" warning used to be here.
3912 * The problem is that on case-insensitive filesystems one
3913 * might get false positives for "use" (and "require"):
3914 * "use Strict" or "require CARP" will work. This causes
3915 * portability problems for the script: in case-strict
3916 * filesystems the script will stop working.
3918 * The "incorrect case" warning checked whether "use Foo"
3919 * imported "Foo" to your namespace, but that is wrong, too:
3920 * there is no requirement nor promise in the language that
3921 * a Foo.pm should or would contain anything in package "Foo".
3923 * There is very little Configure-wise that can be done, either:
3924 * the case-sensitivity of the build filesystem of Perl does not
3925 * help in guessing the case-sensitivity of the runtime environment.
3928 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
3929 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
3930 PL_parser->expect = XSTATE;
3931 PL_cop_seqmax++; /* Purely for B::*'s benefit */
3934 if (!PL_madskills) {
3935 /* FIXME - don't allocate pegop if !PL_madskills */
3944 =head1 Embedding Functions
3946 =for apidoc load_module
3948 Loads the module whose name is pointed to by the string part of name.
3949 Note that the actual module name, not its filename, should be given.
3950 Eg, "Foo::Bar" instead of "Foo/Bar.pm". flags can be any of
3951 PERL_LOADMOD_DENY, PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT, or PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS
3952 (or 0 for no flags). ver, if specified, provides version semantics
3953 similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION>. The optional trailing SV*
3954 arguments can be used to specify arguments to the module's import()
3955 method, similar to C<use Foo::Bar VERSION LIST>. They must be
3956 terminated with a final NULL pointer. Note that this list can only
3957 be omitted when the PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT flag has been used.
3958 Otherwise at least a single NULL pointer to designate the default
3959 import list is required.
3964 Perl_load_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3968 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOAD_MODULE;
3970 va_start(args, ver);
3971 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3975 #ifdef PERL_IMPLICIT_CONTEXT
3977 Perl_load_module_nocontext(U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, ...)
3981 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_LOAD_MODULE_NOCONTEXT;
3982 va_start(args, ver);
3983 vload_module(flags, name, ver, &args);
3989 Perl_vload_module(pTHX_ U32 flags, SV *name, SV *ver, va_list *args)
3993 OP * const modname = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, name);
3995 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_VLOAD_MODULE;
3997 modname->op_private |= OPpCONST_BARE;
3999 veop = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, ver);
4003 if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_NOIMPORT) {
4004 imop = sawparens(newNULLLIST());
4006 else if (flags & PERL_LOADMOD_IMPORT_OPS) {
4007 imop = va_arg(*args, OP*);
4012 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
4014 imop = append_elem(OP_LIST, imop, newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, sv));
4015 sv = va_arg(*args, SV*);
4019 /* utilize() fakes up a BEGIN { require ..; import ... }, so make sure
4020 * that it has a PL_parser to play with while doing that, and also
4021 * that it doesn't mess with any existing parser, by creating a tmp
4022 * new parser with lex_start(). This won't actually be used for much,
4023 * since pp_require() will create another parser for the real work. */
4026 SAVEVPTR(PL_curcop);
4027 lex_start(NULL, NULL, FALSE);
4028 utilize(!(flags & PERL_LOADMOD_DENY), start_subparse(FALSE, 0),
4029 veop, modname, imop);
4034 Perl_dofile(pTHX_ OP *term, I32 force_builtin)
4040 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_DOFILE;
4042 if (!force_builtin) {
4043 gv = gv_fetchpvs("do", GV_NOTQUAL, SVt_PVCV);
4044 if (!(gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv))) {
4045 GV * const * const gvp = (GV**)hv_fetchs(PL_globalstash, "do", FALSE);
4046 gv = gvp ? *gvp : NULL;
4050 if (gv && GvCVu(gv) && GvIMPORTED_CV(gv)) {
4051 doop = ck_subr(newUNOP(OP_ENTERSUB, OPf_STACKED,
4052 append_elem(OP_LIST, term,
4053 scalar(newUNOP(OP_RV2CV, 0,
4054 newGVOP(OP_GV, 0, gv))))));
4057 doop = newUNOP(OP_DOFILE, 0, scalar(term));
4063 Perl_newSLICEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *subscript, OP *listval)
4065 return newBINOP(OP_LSLICE, flags,
4066 list(force_list(subscript)),
4067 list(force_list(listval)) );
4071 S_is_list_assignment(pTHX_ register const OP *o)
4079 if ((o->op_type == OP_NULL) && (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
4080 o = cUNOPo->op_first;
4082 flags = o->op_flags;
4084 if (type == OP_COND_EXPR) {
4085 const I32 t = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling);
4086 const I32 f = is_list_assignment(cLOGOPo->op_first->op_sibling->op_sibling);
4091 yyerror("Assignment to both a list and a scalar");
4095 if (type == OP_LIST &&
4096 (flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR &&
4097 o->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4100 if (type == OP_LIST || flags & OPf_PARENS ||
4101 type == OP_RV2AV || type == OP_RV2HV ||
4102 type == OP_ASLICE || type == OP_HSLICE)
4105 if (type == OP_PADAV || type == OP_PADHV)
4108 if (type == OP_RV2SV)
4115 Perl_newASSIGNOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, I32 optype, OP *right)
4121 if (optype == OP_ANDASSIGN || optype == OP_ORASSIGN || optype == OP_DORASSIGN) {
4122 return newLOGOP(optype, 0,
4123 mod(scalar(left), optype),
4124 newUNOP(OP_SASSIGN, 0, scalar(right)));
4127 return newBINOP(optype, OPf_STACKED,
4128 mod(scalar(left), optype), scalar(right));
4132 if (is_list_assignment(left)) {
4133 static const char no_list_state[] = "Initialization of state variables"
4134 " in list context currently forbidden";
4136 bool maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4139 /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
4140 /* Only simple assignments like C<< ($[) = 1 >> are allowed */
4141 PL_eval_start = (left->op_type == OP_CONST) ? right : NULL;
4142 left = mod(left, OP_AASSIGN);
4145 else if (left->op_type == OP_CONST) {
4147 /* Result of assignment is always 1 (or we'd be dead already) */
4148 return newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(1));
4150 curop = list(force_list(left));
4151 o = newBINOP(OP_AASSIGN, flags, list(force_list(right)), curop);
4152 o->op_private = (U8)(0 | (flags >> 8));
4154 if ((left->op_type == OP_LIST
4155 || (left->op_type == OP_NULL && left->op_targ == OP_LIST)))
4157 OP* lop = ((LISTOP*)left)->op_first;
4158 maybe_common_vars = FALSE;
4160 if (lop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
4161 lop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
4162 lop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
4163 lop->op_type == OP_PADANY) {
4164 if (!(lop->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO))
4165 maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4167 if (lop->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
4168 if (left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) {
4169 /* Each variable in state($a, $b, $c) = ... */
4172 /* Each state variable in
4173 (state $a, my $b, our $c, $d, undef) = ... */
4175 yyerror(no_list_state);
4177 /* Each my variable in
4178 (state $a, my $b, our $c, $d, undef) = ... */
4180 } else if (lop->op_type == OP_UNDEF ||
4181 lop->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK) {
4182 /* undef may be interesting in
4183 (state $a, undef, state $c) */
4185 /* Other ops in the list. */
4186 maybe_common_vars = TRUE;
4188 lop = lop->op_sibling;
4191 else if ((left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO)
4192 && ( left->op_type == OP_PADSV
4193 || left->op_type == OP_PADAV
4194 || left->op_type == OP_PADHV
4195 || left->op_type == OP_PADANY))
4197 maybe_common_vars = FALSE;
4198 if (left->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE) {
4199 /* All single variable list context state assignments, hence
4209 yyerror(no_list_state);
4213 /* PL_generation sorcery:
4214 * an assignment like ($a,$b) = ($c,$d) is easier than
4215 * ($a,$b) = ($c,$a), since there is no need for temporary vars.
4216 * To detect whether there are common vars, the global var
4217 * PL_generation is incremented for each assign op we compile.
4218 * Then, while compiling the assign op, we run through all the
4219 * variables on both sides of the assignment, setting a spare slot
4220 * in each of them to PL_generation. If any of them already have
4221 * that value, we know we've got commonality. We could use a
4222 * single bit marker, but then we'd have to make 2 passes, first
4223 * to clear the flag, then to test and set it. To find somewhere
4224 * to store these values, evil chicanery is done with SvUVX().
4227 if (maybe_common_vars) {
4230 for (curop = LINKLIST(o); curop != o; curop = LINKLIST(curop)) {
4231 if (PL_opargs[curop->op_type] & OA_DANGEROUS) {
4232 if (curop->op_type == OP_GV) {
4233 GV *gv = cGVOPx_gv(curop);
4235 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4237 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4239 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PADSV ||
4240 curop->op_type == OP_PADAV ||
4241 curop->op_type == OP_PADHV ||
4242 curop->op_type == OP_PADANY)
4244 if (PAD_COMPNAME_GEN(curop->op_targ)
4245 == (STRLEN)PL_generation)
4247 PAD_COMPNAME_GEN_set(curop->op_targ, PL_generation);
4250 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2CV)
4252 else if (curop->op_type == OP_RV2SV ||
4253 curop->op_type == OP_RV2AV ||
4254 curop->op_type == OP_RV2HV ||
4255 curop->op_type == OP_RV2GV) {
4256 if (lastop->op_type != OP_GV) /* funny deref? */
4259 else if (curop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE) {
4261 if (((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff) {
4262 GV *const gv = MUTABLE_GV(PAD_SVl(((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff));
4264 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4266 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4270 = ((PMOP*)curop)->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv;
4273 || (int)GvASSIGN_GENERATION(gv) == PL_generation)
4275 GvASSIGN_GENERATION_set(gv, PL_generation);
4285 o->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_COMMON;
4288 if (right && right->op_type == OP_SPLIT && !PL_madskills) {
4289 OP* tmpop = ((LISTOP*)right)->op_first;
4290 if (tmpop && (tmpop->op_type == OP_PUSHRE)) {
4291 PMOP * const pm = (PMOP*)tmpop;
4292 if (left->op_type == OP_RV2AV &&
4293 !(left->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO) &&
4294 !(o->op_private & OPpASSIGN_COMMON) )
4296 tmpop = ((UNOP*)left)->op_first;
4297 if (tmpop->op_type == OP_GV
4299 && !pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff
4301 && !pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv
4305 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetoff
4306 = cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix;
4307 cPADOPx(tmpop)->op_padix = 0; /* steal it */
4309 pm->op_pmreplrootu.op_pmtargetgv
4310 = MUTABLE_GV(cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv);
4311 cSVOPx(tmpop)->op_sv = NULL; /* steal it */
4313 pm->op_pmflags |= PMf_ONCE;
4314 tmpop = cUNOPo->op_first; /* to list (nulled) */
4315 tmpop = ((UNOP*)tmpop)->op_first; /* to pushmark */
4316 tmpop->op_sibling = NULL; /* don't free split */
4317 right->op_next = tmpop->op_next; /* fix starting loc */
4318 op_free(o); /* blow off assign */
4319 right->op_flags &= ~OPf_WANT;
4320 /* "I don't know and I don't care." */
4325 if (PL_modcount < RETURN_UNLIMITED_NUMBER &&
4326 ((LISTOP*)right)->op_last->op_type == OP_CONST)
4328 SV *sv = ((SVOP*)((LISTOP*)right)->op_last)->op_sv;
4329 if (SvIOK(sv) && SvIVX(sv) == 0)
4330 sv_setiv(sv, PL_modcount+1);
4338 right = newOP(OP_UNDEF, 0);
4339 if (right->op_type == OP_READLINE) {
4340 right->op_flags |= OPf_STACKED;
4341 return newBINOP(OP_NULL, flags, mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN), scalar(right));
4344 PL_eval_start = right; /* Grandfathering $[ assignment here. Bletch.*/
4345 o = newBINOP(OP_SASSIGN, flags,
4346 scalar(right), mod(scalar(left), OP_SASSIGN) );
4350 if (!PL_madskills) { /* assignment to $[ is ignored when making a mad dump */
4351 deprecate("assignment to $[");
4353 o = newSVOP(OP_CONST, 0, newSViv(CopARYBASE_get(&PL_compiling)));
4354 o->op_private |= OPpCONST_ARYBASE;
4362 Perl_newSTATEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, char *label, OP *o)
4365 const U32 seq = intro_my();
4368 NewOp(1101, cop, 1, COP);
4369 if (PERLDB_LINE && CopLINE(PL_curcop) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4370 cop->op_type = OP_DBSTATE;
4371 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_DBSTATE ];
4374 cop->op_type = OP_NEXTSTATE;
4375 cop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[ OP_NEXTSTATE ];
4377 cop->op_flags = (U8)flags;
4378 CopHINTS_set(cop, PL_hints);
4380 cop->op_private |= NATIVE_HINTS;
4382 CopHINTS_set(&PL_compiling, CopHINTS_get(cop));
4383 cop->op_next = (OP*)cop;
4386 /* CopARYBASE is now "virtual", in that it's stored as a flag bit in
4387 CopHINTS and a possible value in cop_hints_hash, so no need to copy it.
4389 cop->cop_warnings = DUP_WARNINGS(PL_curcop->cop_warnings);
4390 cop->cop_hints_hash = PL_curcop->cop_hints_hash;
4391 if (cop->cop_hints_hash) {
4393 cop->cop_hints_hash->refcounted_he_refcnt++;
4394 HINTS_REFCNT_UNLOCK;
4398 = Perl_store_cop_label(aTHX_ cop->cop_hints_hash, label);
4400 PL_hints |= HINT_BLOCK_SCOPE;
4401 /* It seems that we need to defer freeing this pointer, as other parts
4402 of the grammar end up wanting to copy it after this op has been
4407 if (PL_parser && PL_parser->copline == NOLINE)
4408 CopLINE_set(cop, CopLINE(PL_curcop));
4410 CopLINE_set(cop, PL_parser->copline);
4412 PL_parser->copline = NOLINE;
4415 CopFILE_set(cop, CopFILE(PL_curcop)); /* XXX share in a pvtable? */
4417 CopFILEGV_set(cop, CopFILEGV(PL_curcop));
4419 CopSTASH_set(cop, PL_curstash);
4421 if ((PERLDB_LINE || PERLDB_SAVESRC) && PL_curstash != PL_debstash) {
4422 /* this line can have a breakpoint - store the cop in IV */
4423 AV *av = CopFILEAVx(PL_curcop);
4425 SV * const * const svp = av_fetch(av, (I32)CopLINE(cop), FALSE);
4426 if (svp && *svp != &PL_sv_undef ) {
4427 (void)SvIOK_on(*svp);
4428 SvIV_set(*svp, PTR2IV(cop));
4433 if (flags & OPf_SPECIAL)
4435 return prepend_elem(OP_LINESEQ, (OP*)cop, o);
4440 Perl_newLOGOP(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP *first, OP *other)
4444 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWLOGOP;
4446 return new_logop(type, flags, &first, &other);
4450 S_search_const(pTHX_ OP *o)
4452 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SEARCH_CONST;
4454 switch (o->op_type) {
4458 if (o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
4459 return search_const(cUNOPo->op_first);
4466 if (!(o->op_flags & OPf_KIDS))
4468 kid = cLISTOPo->op_first;
4470 switch (kid->op_type) {
4474 kid = kid->op_sibling;
4477 if (kid != cLISTOPo->op_last)
4483 kid = cLISTOPo->op_last;
4485 return search_const(kid);
4493 S_new_logop(pTHX_ I32 type, I32 flags, OP** firstp, OP** otherp)
4501 int prepend_not = 0;
4503 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEW_LOGOP;
4508 if (type == OP_XOR) /* Not short circuit, but here by precedence. */
4509 return newBINOP(type, flags, scalar(first), scalar(other));
4511 scalarboolean(first);
4512 /* optimize AND and OR ops that have NOTs as children */
4513 if (first->op_type == OP_NOT
4514 && (first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS)
4515 && ((first->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL) /* unless ($x) { } */
4516 || (other->op_type == OP_NOT)) /* if (!$x && !$y) { } */
4518 if (type == OP_AND || type == OP_OR) {
4524 if (other->op_type == OP_NOT) { /* !a AND|OR !b => !(a OR|AND b) */
4526 prepend_not = 1; /* prepend a NOT op later */
4530 /* search for a constant op that could let us fold the test */
4531 if ((cstop = search_const(first))) {
4532 if (cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT)
4533 no_bareword_allowed(cstop);
4534 else if ((cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE) && ckWARN(WARN_BAREWORD))
4535 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_BAREWORD), "Bareword found in conditional");
4536 if ((type == OP_AND && SvTRUE(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv)) ||
4537 (type == OP_OR && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv)) ||
4538 (type == OP_DOR && !SvOK(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv))) {
4540 if (other->op_type == OP_CONST)
4541 other->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4543 OP *newop = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, other);
4544 op_getmad(first, newop, '1');
4545 newop->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4549 if (other->op_type == OP_LEAVE)
4550 other = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, other);
4554 /* check for C<my $x if 0>, or C<my($x,$y) if 0> */
4555 const OP *o2 = other;
4556 if ( ! (o2->op_type == OP_LIST
4557 && (( o2 = cUNOPx(o2)->op_first))
4558 && o2->op_type == OP_PUSHMARK
4559 && (( o2 = o2->op_sibling)) )
4562 if ((o2->op_type == OP_PADSV || o2->op_type == OP_PADAV
4563 || o2->op_type == OP_PADHV)
4564 && o2->op_private & OPpLVAL_INTRO
4565 && !(o2->op_private & OPpPAD_STATE)
4566 && ckWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED))
4568 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_DEPRECATED),
4569 "Deprecated use of my() in false conditional");
4573 if (first->op_type == OP_CONST)
4574 first->op_private |= OPpCONST_SHORTCIRCUIT;
4576 first = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, first);
4577 op_getmad(other, first, '2');
4578 first->op_targ = type; /* set "was" field */
4585 else if ((first->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) && type != OP_DOR
4586 && ckWARN(WARN_MISC)) /* [#24076] Don't warn for <FH> err FOO. */
4588 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)first)->op_first;
4589 const OP * const k2 = k1->op_sibling;
4591 switch (first->op_type)
4594 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4595 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4596 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4598 warnop = k2->op_type;
4603 if (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4604 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4605 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4606 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH)
4608 warnop = ((k1->op_type == OP_NULL)
4609 ? (OPCODE)k1->op_targ : k1->op_type);
4614 const line_t oldline = CopLINE(PL_curcop);
4615 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, PL_parser->copline);
4616 Perl_warner(aTHX_ packWARN(WARN_MISC),
4617 "Value of %s%s can be \"0\"; test with defined()",
4619 ((warnop == OP_READLINE || warnop == OP_GLOB)
4620 ? " construct" : "() operator"));
4621 CopLINE_set(PL_curcop, oldline);
4628 if (type == OP_ANDASSIGN || type == OP_ORASSIGN || type == OP_DORASSIGN)
4629 other->op_private |= OPpASSIGN_BACKWARDS; /* other is an OP_SASSIGN */
4631 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4633 logop->op_type = (OPCODE)type;
4634 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[type];
4635 logop->op_first = first;
4636 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4637 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(other);
4638 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4640 /* establish postfix order */
4641 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(first);
4642 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4643 first->op_sibling = other;
4645 CHECKOP(type,logop);
4647 o = newUNOP(prepend_not ? OP_NOT : OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4654 Perl_newCONDOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *first, OP *trueop, OP *falseop)
4662 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWCONDOP;
4665 return newLOGOP(OP_AND, 0, first, trueop);
4667 return newLOGOP(OP_OR, 0, first, falseop);
4669 scalarboolean(first);
4670 if ((cstop = search_const(first))) {
4671 /* Left or right arm of the conditional? */
4672 const bool left = SvTRUE(((SVOP*)cstop)->op_sv);
4673 OP *live = left ? trueop : falseop;
4674 OP *const dead = left ? falseop : trueop;
4675 if (cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_BARE &&
4676 cstop->op_private & OPpCONST_STRICT) {
4677 no_bareword_allowed(cstop);
4680 /* This is all dead code when PERL_MAD is not defined. */
4681 live = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, live);
4682 op_getmad(first, live, 'C');
4683 op_getmad(dead, live, left ? 'e' : 't');
4688 if (live->op_type == OP_LEAVE)
4689 live = newUNOP(OP_NULL, OPf_SPECIAL, live);
4692 NewOp(1101, logop, 1, LOGOP);
4693 logop->op_type = OP_COND_EXPR;
4694 logop->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_COND_EXPR];
4695 logop->op_first = first;
4696 logop->op_flags = (U8)(flags | OPf_KIDS);
4697 logop->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4698 logop->op_other = LINKLIST(trueop);
4699 logop->op_next = LINKLIST(falseop);
4701 CHECKOP(OP_COND_EXPR, /* that's logop->op_type */
4704 /* establish postfix order */
4705 start = LINKLIST(first);
4706 first->op_next = (OP*)logop;
4708 first->op_sibling = trueop;
4709 trueop->op_sibling = falseop;
4710 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, (OP*)logop);
4712 trueop->op_next = falseop->op_next = o;
4719 Perl_newRANGE(pTHX_ I32 flags, OP *left, OP *right)
4728 PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_NEWRANGE;
4730 NewOp(1101, range, 1, LOGOP);
4732 range->op_type = OP_RANGE;
4733 range->op_ppaddr = PL_ppaddr[OP_RANGE];
4734 range->op_first = left;
4735 range->op_flags = OPf_KIDS;
4736 leftstart = LINKLIST(left);
4737 range->op_other = LINKLIST(right);
4738 range->op_private = (U8)(1 | (flags >> 8));
4740 left->op_sibling = right;
4742 range->op_next = (OP*)range;
4743 flip = newUNOP(OP_FLIP, flags, (OP*)range);
4744 flop = newUNOP(OP_FLOP, 0, flip);
4745 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, flop);
4747 range->op_next = leftstart;
4749 left->op_next = flip;
4750 right->op_next = flop;
4752 range->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4753 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(range->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4754 flip->op_targ = pad_alloc(OP_RANGE, SVs_PADMY);
4755 sv_upgrade(PAD_SV(flip->op_targ), SVt_PVNV);
4757 flip->op_private = left->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4758 flop->op_private = right->op_type == OP_CONST ? OPpFLIP_LINENUM : 0;
4761 if (!flip->op_private || !flop->op_private)
4762 linklist(o); /* blow off optimizer unless constant */
4768 Perl_newLOOPOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, OP *expr, OP *block)
4773 const bool once = block && block->op_flags & OPf_SPECIAL &&
4774 (block->op_type == OP_ENTERSUB || block->op_type == OP_NULL);
4776 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4779 if (once && expr->op_type == OP_CONST && !SvTRUE(((SVOP*)expr)->op_sv))
4780 return block; /* do {} while 0 does once */
4781 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4782 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4783 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4784 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4785 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4786 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4787 const OP * const k2 = k1 ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4788 switch (expr->op_type) {
4790 if (k2 && k2->op_type == OP_READLINE
4791 && (k2->op_flags & OPf_STACKED)
4792 && ((k1->op_flags & OPf_WANT) == OPf_WANT_SCALAR))
4793 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4797 if (k1 && (k1->op_type == OP_READDIR
4798 || k1->op_type == OP_GLOB
4799 || (k1->op_type == OP_NULL && k1->op_targ == OP_GLOB)
4800 || k1->op_type == OP_EACH))
4801 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0, expr);
4807 /* if block is null, the next append_elem() would put UNSTACK, a scalar
4808 * op, in listop. This is wrong. [perl #27024] */
4810 block = newOP(OP_NULL, 0);
4811 listop = append_elem(OP_LINESEQ, block, newOP(OP_UNSTACK, 0));
4812 o = new_logop(OP_AND, 0, &expr, &listop);
4815 ((LISTOP*)listop)->op_last->op_next = LINKLIST(o);
4817 if (once && o != listop)
4818 o->op_next = ((LOGOP*)cUNOPo->op_first)->op_other;
4821 o = newUNOP(OP_NULL, 0, o); /* or do {} while 1 loses outer block */
4823 o->op_flags |= flags;
4825 o->op_flags |= OPf_SPECIAL; /* suppress POPBLOCK curpm restoration*/
4830 Perl_newWHILEOP(pTHX_ I32 flags, I32 debuggable, LOOP *loop, I32
4831 whileline, OP *expr, OP *block, OP *cont, I32 has_my)
4840 PERL_UNUSED_ARG(debuggable);
4843 if (expr->op_type == OP_READLINE || expr->op_type == OP_GLOB
4844 || (expr->op_type == OP_NULL && expr->op_targ == OP_GLOB)) {
4845 expr = newUNOP(OP_DEFINED, 0,
4846 newASSIGNOP(0, newDEFSVOP(), 0, expr) );
4847 } else if (expr->op_flags & OPf_KIDS) {
4848 const OP * const k1 = ((UNOP*)expr)->op_first;
4849 const OP * const k2 = (k1) ? k1->op_sibling : NULL;
4850 switch (expr->op_type) {